skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
> it is not this or any of what we expect

String diagrams of category theory potentially make working with invariants easier by embedding them in graphical transformations, so they "just maintain themselves". Eg, electric circuit laws.[2] Or here, ZX-calculus/diagrams for QM.[3]

[2] https://arxiv.org/pdf/2106.07763
[3] Medium article: https://medium.com/quantinuum/how-zx-calculus-reveals-the-lo... ; A taste (guest lecture notes): https://arxiv.org/pdf/2303.03163 ; old slides https://www.cs.ox.ac.uk/people/aleks.kissinger/slides/pdf/ak... ; ZX-calculus for the working quantum computer scientist (2020; 90+ pages) https://arxiv.org/pdf/2012.13966
I agree! There's no inviolable law.

What there _is_, is too much pain and too many spoons that each and every person needs to manage every day, and most (nearly all) people are unable/unwilling to let even more important things drop.

We also have crab mentality in the US, where if one person hopes for, or even gets, something better, they're pulled back down.

And we have an efficient, powerful propaganda machine that tricks people into voting against specific areas of their interests - see "I love ACA, but I hate Obamacare" commentary.

The work to fix this is terrifyingly hard and *huge* and the people that will choose to fight and improve the situation will be making absolutely enormous sacrifices to do it.
Sometimes the discrepancy can be due to non salaried workers (e.g. contractors, business owners) earning more than the median salary.
What would make you think the economy was doing well?
"Bad" is a meaningless subjective assessment. The important question is whether Gemini is better than GPT-4o and GPT-o1. In most cases, it is not, and it's very noticeable if you do more than summarization or translation. Google is firmly behind Anthropic even, never mind OpenAI.
Any reasonable argument should classify retirement savings as an ordinary expense, since those savings come out of your income stream and become inaccessible until retirement age unless you either pay hefty penalties or qualify for very specific exceptions.
Scoring 2024 Election Forecasts: How Accurate Were Prediction Markets?
This is a comparative accuracy report for a couple different forecasts of the 2024 election. It includes Polymarket (real-money prediction market), Manifold Markets (play-money prediction market), Nate Silver, a crowd-sourced forecast based on a contest I ran, and my own forecast (which was terrible lol).

Importantly, this is a fair, apples-to-apples comparison, scoring forecasts on the same set of 50 questions, with forecasts recorded at the same timepoints, so that their Brier scores can be compared fairly.
10MiB is an appealing number for humans. Can easily appear across different designs.
British Columbia has banned rat poison since around 2021. At least anecdotally, the impact on the local rat population has been exactly what you'd expect.
> Apartment in a moderate-cost area is about $70,000-$100,000/year.

No way that's correct.
I’m also in agreement with this.

Give me unique and memorable over generic-looking-with-the-merest-bit-of-information.

Used to work at a place where every repo, every service, etc was all CompanyShortNameThingDoerServiceRequester and similar, surprisingly unhelpful. I don’t want the 100th CompanyDataIngesterService because they all blur into one.

At least if someone goes “oh yeah the Oyster service will give that to you” we know precisely which one we mean.
It is a good branding, like neural networks, and even artificial intelligence was. The good point is it makes really easy to detect who is a bullshiter and who understand at least very remotely what a LLM is supposed to produce.
To be fair, "Russian lawlessness" is a concept that predates the entire nation of America, even between Russian authors. People immediately leap to accusations of corruption because the USSR and Russian Federation are both well known for sending agents to kill dissidents living at home or abroad. The modern world has never known what Russia would look like if they embraced global accountability and tried to uphold basic decorum and due process for their convicted criminals.

Comparatively, faith in American institutions was only recently shaken by Watergate and the Iran-Contra affair, neither of which were even that bad in a relative sense. If the Clintons were tried and prosecuted for murder then you wouldn't have to label your words as a conspiracy theory, but for now that's exactly what they are. And to be honest, the evidence today doesn't feel any more convincing than the same shtick I heard 15 years ago...
Wasn’t there a study about the ratio and penile lengths?
Comparative advantage only works without trade barriers, and when the USA has something people want to import cheaper than elsewhere. The USA doesn’t have competitive exports. The USA is the largest net importer. By an order of magnitude. The USA is deeply in debt in both nominal financial terms and in real trade terms.

What's the USA's comparative advantage? Nukes and dollars. Demand for dollars and rent seeking via the post WWII global financial system. But G7 is no longer the only game in town. They have become the consumers while the rest of the world has become the producers.

Moreover, the leadership in China is fully aware of the macroeconomic situation and USA leadership doesn’t even appear to know how tariffs work.
It’s a good thing the incoming president will free us of government overreach such as regulating dangerous chemicals and toxic herbicides!
Basically saying "Hi, we're the lawyers for Oracle, and we've told the lawyers at Deno that we'll be in touch."
I could never get around on longhorn or any of the other "lightweight" K8 distros. I guess that's why I spent time setting up NixOS and writing this post.

Okay nice, seems like various storage services for a home lab setup. Seems like a cool project. Especially if you can distribute it across all those NAS's
I'm not sure gas and eggs is the problem here. When people say cost of living, most of it is just rent or mortgage. To this end, I'm not sure if either party would be willing to do anything, as it primarily benefits the property-owning (older) class, which is the main part of the electorate.
there's only really like seven basic plots; man v man, man v nature, man v self, man v society, man v fate/god, man v technology so we should probably just stop writing stories anyway
Well, yeah. If magically people are going to change their behavior, marginal cost matters. If it costs me $10 to drive to a destination, and you introduce a tax that adds $5, there’s a $5 marginal cost difference.

For the commuter, there’s a few options in most places: take a bus if available and save money at the cost of time, wfh, complain and get the company to move, move to a closer locale, or pay. Making a fast convenient transit system is not happening in 2025, and most of the field of dreams thinking about bike lanes isn’t working.

In NYC, it’s a scheme to prop up the MTA, whose labor contracts consume all oxygen — the organization is broke after imposing a regional sales tax that affects people living as far north as Poughkeepsie. And frankly, as awesome as NYC is, it’s fucked long term - it’s no longer a diversified economy, and the biggest industry is slowly attriting away. You need transit, and everyone is priced out of areas that are transit accessible. Many buildings in Manhattan are essentially vacant today.

In my city, a $6M budget hole prompted a sudden concern for child safety. We lowered the speed limit to 25, 20 in school zones, and setup a network of cameras. The busiest corridor attracted 15,000 tickets in a week. Guess what else happened? People in that corridor made alternate choices, and three busy retailers in the strip announced they were closing.

The difference is elasticity - the marginal cost and hassle of getting a toll/ticket will lead me to another CVS. My office Christmas party can be outside of the city line. But my employer is more sticky.
Make the transaction in a country that doesn't have such a tax?
Ask HN: Heuristics for getting things done, LLM/AI usage, and learning?
Has anyone here come up with rules of thumbs or found some good writing for how to use LLMs to balance learning with getting things done?

One possible heuristic is: input task into LLM, let it do the work, and make sure you understand everything it spits back out. One potential drawback is there is some value in having to figure out things yourself. When learning a language like French, you wouldn't get very good at speaking/writing if you told the LLM "write this paragraph for me in French", and went and verified if it was correct. At the same time, it massively accelerates getting things done. You kind of need to fail and have something correct you.

On the other side, something like Advent of Code which is purely self-motivated and for fun, you can write everything yourself, but at the same time, you could just input it into the LLM and get rid of the tedium of typing things out you know will work, especially for the first 10 or so days. This is a fast feedback loop on the "meat" which is "do I know how to solve this problem?".

I'm having a hard time figuring out when to reach for LLMs and when not to.

Hopefully someone who has more understanding of educational pedagogy can chime in :)
To my understanding, the reason why companies don't mind the hallucinations is the acceptable error rate for a given system. Let's say something hallucinated 25% of the time, but if that's ok, then it's fine for a certain product. If it only hallucinates 5% of the time, it's good enough for even more products and so on. The market will just choose the LLM appropriately depended on the tolerable error rate.
It just blows my mind that anything below, say, $75 is locked up at all.

I don’t think I’ve ever seen food items locked up in Europe, aside from genuine Parmesan, Iberico or expensive alcohol, and even then not consistently. Usually even the lower priced non-food stuff (think a $50 space heater) isn’t locked up.

Don’t get me wrong, we have smash and dash thieves here too, but usually they go for jewelry stores, fashion stores or Apple / electronic stores.
I meant an AWS cloud native application, yes.

But I use "cloud native" in a way that actually makes sense, not the way that GCP dubbed Kubernetes and all of it's ecosystem of friends "cloud-native".

"Native" development on a desktop OS means using primitives specific to that OS. As opposed to using something like Java Applets or Electron which will give you cross-platform compatibility, but you're not developing "natively" for the platform. That has the obvious pros and cons to each way.

Kubernetes is very much the Electron way: Rely on a generic high-level abstraction that will then create awkward bindings of running on abstract generic servers - whether they're in your data center or in the cloud.

Calling that "cloud-native" is some Orwellian post-truthness. I hate it.

If you want to develop in the cloud and make the most of it, use Azure, use GCP, use AWS, I don't care (not true: AWS is the best; use AWS). Just use the cloud provider's NATIVE primitives.

Otherwise, you might as well go back to running your own data centers, what are you even doing.

(Note: i'm just some guy. You don't have to listen to me. It's just what I think)
Lots of folks in these conversations fail to distinguish between LLMs as a technology and "AI Chatbots" as commercial question answering services. Whether false information was expected or not matters to LLM product developers, but in the context of a commercial question-answering tool, it's irrelevant. Hallucinations are bugs that creates= time-wasting zero-value output, at best, and downright harmful output at worst. If you're selling people LLM pattern generator output, they should expect a lot of bullshit. If you're selling people answers to questions, they should expect accurate answers to their questions. If paying users are really expected to assume every answer is bullshit and vet it themselves, that should probably move from the little print to the big print because a lot of people clearly don't get it.
If it works properly, it would need to say that it doesn't know that it doesn't know, and then where are you?

(Short answer is yes, but it only works for a limited set of things, and that set can be expanded with effort but will always remain limited.)
From my experience,

1. There are many services that is already "implemented" in NixOS, with sane default configurations and easy to customize (because the contributors have designed good abstractions, and also because of the flexibility of Nix language). One good example is `nginx`. Btw `paperless-ngx` and `jellyfin` are also already implemented. In this case you do not need to use docker at all.

2. Because of the good abstraction in the service implementation, I usually do not need to go very deep to understand the common configurable options for each of the services.

3. All those services become systemd services once up. As long as you are familiar with how to manage systemd services at runtime, you know how to work with them.

4. Even for those ones that do not exist in NixOS, as the authoer suggested you can still start them as docker-based systemd services, with very simple and intuitive nix configurations.

5. NixOS configuration are mostly deterministic and modular. I can use git to manage all the configurations for different servers. There can be occasions that I will need to migrate the services to a differen machine (e.g. upgrade, replicate, ...). With the NixOS configuration of those services, I can simply re-use the configuration code and have a very high confidence that they will work as expected on a new machine.

6. The above also makes it very easy to revert my deployment to any previous successful version. Without having to worry about breaking anything, it also gives me the confidence to quickly try out different ideas.
Yeah, good luck. That trademark was diluted some time ago.
> in truth it should be an expense and a liability

I have to raise an eyebrow when someone says "truth" and/or "should", as if there's a hidden One True Way. I do think that David Ricardo's theory of rent holds.

> As houses get older, their value should decrease.

"Value should decrease" is doing a lot of lifting in oversimplifying, if not positioning itself counter to, reality. eg My area is growing by ~10k a year across 3 adjacent municipalities. Population growth (migration+births) contributes to a growing area in a way that's self-reinforcing (availability). So depreciation is often outpaced on that basis which has nothing to do with specific characteristics of structure.

Houses also have a multidimensional value. Proximity to specific locations (subjectively vary in value), safety, amenities, maintenance costs, etc all contribute. Home from 1950? https://www.zillow.com/homedetails/1826-3rd-St-N-Fargo-ND-58...

What about the multimillion dollar homes on cliffs? https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2024/feb/14/dana-point-l... - with less than 2 mil, you can rehabilitate these places with some demo and rebuild.

How does this affect the calculations? Well, it doesn't seem to hurt as much as some might imagine. People are resilient and optimistic, long term, and happy to own the roof over their head in the short term to give themselves agency. These value motivate people to buy what's available and prices do not fall as if they exist in a vacuum.
Agreed, reproducibility is a huge benefit. Being able to spin up a new machine quickly with a config you already know works is an awesome feeling.
Or people crushed by student loans, rent and high costs of living could with a salary of say 100k end up living paycheck to paycheck more or less.
If you can tap into a six figure sum of money then you're not living paycheck to paycheck.
don't worry, the free market will ensure that products that cause neuroinflammation and Alzheimers are outcompeted by ones which don't. Problem solved.
Proton batteries: an innovative option for the future of energy storage
I've been playing with Qwen's QwQ-32b, and watching this thing's chain of thought is really interesting. In particular, it's pretty good at catching its own mistakes, and at the same time, gives off a "feeling" of someone very uncertain about themselves, trying to verify their answer again and again. Which seems to be the main reason why it can correctly solve puzzles that some much larger models fail. You can still see it occasionally hallucinate things in the CoT, but they are usually quickly caught and discarded.

The only downsides of this approach is that it requires a lot of tokens before the model can ascertain the correctness of its answer, and also that sometimes it just gives up and concludes that the puzzle is unsolvable (although that second part can be mitigated by adding something like "There is definitely a solution, keep trying until you solve it" to the prompt).
Yeah, this is a benchmark of recursion and tight loops doing integer math on array members. Nontrivial recursion is nonidiomatic in Python, and tight loops doing integer math on array members will probably be done via one of the many libraries that do one or more of optimizing, jitting, or move those to GPU (Numpy, Taichi, Numba, etc.)
I just mock the answers and assert on the mock of the answer - never fails!
A great idea but the last time I worked with WASM, using something like Wasmtime's shared host functions https://github.com/bytecodealliance/rfcs/blob/main/accepted/... they had quite the overhead. Maybe things have changed and have become less heavy.

Thank you for the styling tip, I'll see what I can do it does look wonky.
What are some of the differences between LimeJourney and Laudspeaker https://github.com/laudspeaker/laudspeaker or mautic https://github.com/mautic/mautic?
That's not living paycheck to paycheck. The implication of living paycheck to paycheck is that you're a few missed paychecks away from homelessness.
Sure, I'm aware of that but so what? US sanctions can't prevent China from building their own EUV lithography independent of ASML. Why are they still so backwards?
Flowbite - https://flowbite.com/docs/getting-started/phoenix/
install guide for Phoenix

Preline - https://preline.co/docs/frameworks-laravel.html
You can use the Laravel guide and adapt it to Phoenix. Quite trivial install

These two UI component libraries are mostly HTML and Tailwind, so not too complex to use.
The P Systems Webpage
Big generally good full service law firm (200+ partners) VS quite small but highly specialized law firm (3 partners). https://www.hollandhart.com/ncdavis for Oracle, https://www.gerbenlaw.com/about/eric-perrott for Deno.

Interesting indeed.
> And once we have sampling technology, there’s little point using computational techniques to make the once-novel sounds of earlier synthesizers: we can just sample the instruments themselves

You can't tweak the parameters of a filter envelope if it's "printed" to a sample.

You might sample a variety of different envelopes, but there's still fundamentally no way you can get the sound of the filter attack gradually increasing using samples.
Jared Isaacman, private astronaut and Shift4 CEO, for NASA chief
A challenge is that it’s not easy to limit hallucinations without also limiting imagination and synthesis.

In humans.

But also apparently in LLMs.
cars + tires did represent a major public health breakthrough at the time, because cities were struggling under the weight of daily animal fecal matter and animals dropping dead in the streets.
By this logic, US should wisen up and go protectionist/isolationist against China (ban TikTok, tariffs on cheap products to make them on par with US goods with better environmental and labor regulations) and EU (no more subsidizing their GDP by defending global trade).
Here's QwQ-32 answering the same question. I'm including the entire answer here including the CoT:

> Let's see. The word is "parallel." I need to count how many times the letter "L" appears in it. Okay, spelling it out: P-A-R-A-L-L-E-L. So, starting from the beginning, first letter is P, not L. Then A, not L. R, not L. Another A, still not L. Then L, that's one L. Next letter is L again, so that's two L's. Then E, not L, and another L, making it three L's. Wait, but when I spelled it again, I saw P-A-R-A-L-L-E-L, and I counted three L's. But let me check again. Parallel: P-A-R-A-L-L-E-L. Yes, L appears three times. So, the answer is three.

> But, maybe there's a trick here. Is there any special consideration for the letter L in this word or in general? Sometimes questions like this might be testing for homophones or something, but I don't think so in this case. It's straightforward: count the L's in "parallel."

> Alternatively, perhaps it's a trick with the word itself. Is "parallel" spelled differently sometimes? I don't think so. It's always P-A-R-A-L-L-E-L. So, three L's.

> Wait a minute, is there a possibility that the word is misspelled in the question? If the word was "paralell," that would be four L's, but that's not the correct spelling. So, sticking with three L's.

> Another angle: is the question referring to uppercase or lowercase L? But in the word "parallel," all letters are lowercase unless it's at the beginning of a sentence, but the question just says "the word parallel," which is typically in lowercase. So, doesn't matter.

> Also, considering that "l" and "I" can sometimes be confused, but in this word, it's L's only, no I's.

> So, my final answer is three instances of the letter L in the word "parallel."

> Final Answer: 3
At scale, you are doing the same thing with humans too. LLMs seem to have an error rate similar to humans for the majority of simple, boring tasks, if not even a bit better since they don't get distracted and start copying and pasting their previous answers.

The difference with LLMs is they simply cannot (currently) do the most complex tasks that some humans can, and when they do produce erroneous output, the errors aren't very human-like. We can all understand a cut and paste error so don't hold it against the operator, but making up sources feels like a lie and breeds distrust.
I’ve been on teams that did generic names, and inevitably you end up with names like “work manager service” - whose work? Then it becomes an acronym, like WPS, and everyone ignores it anyways :)
The good thing about well sourced data across millions of sample points that are prepared by professionals over decades of collection is that one should believe that data over anyone’s uninformed beliefs based on no carefully measured data over even a single person.
If I compare our work in EU to US, every job is basically slave labor. Even sitters.

Eg.: I have 30 days of paid vacation, now I'm taking month off. Don't need to worry about my job, they cannot fire me. As I understand in US, if you take vacation longer than week, you're in the fear you will be fired.
Is it true?

Job, IT, of course.
It's a major regulatory failure to allow insurance companies to deny any claims at all of items that have an FDA approved indication. Ideally, the insurance company should not be able to legally deny any FDA approved action that a licensed doctor has prescribed, with no exceptions. Insurance companies are not doctors, and they should not get to play doctor.
I do not believe this Federal Reserve study can classify such things. It either has a metric which is so incorrect as to be worthless or a biased human judging a dataset so small as to be worthless.

There are families which cram 3 generations and a dozen people into a few hundred square feet. There are people in Hong Kong living in spaces smaller than most American kitchens. By those metrics are we ALL in excessive lodging?

Is it excessive to be in a 1600 square foot house whose mortgage is lower than rent for a 500 square foot studio because you bought when interest rates were far lower?
This is great feedback thank you, we will work on adding in a compact mode!