skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
>The only way I can think of to add sugar to yogurt and ensure it is evenly mixed throughout its mass is to use some additive, probably some kind of stabiliser. I suspect that's what makes this kind of yogurt qualify for the ultra-processed category.

What?? I can't be the only one that gets plain greek yogurt and adds a tablespoon of honey or agave syrup and mixing it evenly before adding some granola + fruit. It's not that hard, and it's definitely not ultra-processed.
FCC grants SpaceX right to some direct-to-cellular operations [pdf]
If you like both object-oriented programming and sum/product types with deep support for pattern matching, you might like Dart.

https://dart.dev/language/records

https://dart.dev/language/patterns#algebraic-data-types

https://dart.dev/language/patterns
I wish I could find it, but unfortunately it was likely ten years ago. The article left a lasting impression on me, though, so I repeated it once in a while in different context, at the risk of totally rewriting what actually happened.
I'm not sure I understand. My knives are razor sharp (I keep a Shapton 1000 and 4000 on my counter along with a strop, my daily driver is a carbon steel I have to wipe down every time I cut a vegetable). They sail through the onion, but the sliced-up onion still splays out to both sides when I make the horizontal cut, and if you watch cooks doing it, it happens there too. What harm am I doing to the structure of the onion by doing it in the "wrong order"? They're the same cuts. The difference seems to be that in my order, the onion stays more stationary.

Don't get me wrong, I'm sure there's a reason everyone is doing it this way, because it's kind of clearly more annoying than the way I'm doing it?

(I'm just nerding out on this).
Nice. I guess the issue is that this is such a basic i/o feature that any system with some modicum of customization can already do it.

It's like offering a service that provides storage by api for agents. Yeah, you can call the api, or call the s3 api directly or store to disk.

That said, I would try it before rolling my own.
We're not supposed to dredge things up from people's comment histories to throw at them in discussions.
Did anyone think Zuckerberg was cool?

Even the movie about him seems to have made him seem more antisocial and nerdy than he really is. (Based on 3rd party reports about him)
I'm not completely sure what this example is trying to illustrate. Most languages with proper sum types would have `Map<K, V>.get` return an `Optional<V>`. If V happens to be `Optional<Integer>`, then the result will be an `Optional<Optional<Integer>>`, which is a perfectly good type that represents the two ways a value may be missing from the map.

Am I missing something?
Yes: this definitely happens. I'm not making a broader argument about the legitimacy of civil asset forfeiture.
That would make the most sense :/
SQL can scale just as well as nosql?
I always believed (and people always told me) that popular nosql implementations had superior scalability over RDBMS's due to better ability to horizontally partition. But lately I've been wondering whether that ability to horizontally scale is simply easier (ie. less complex due to less referential integrity constraints, implemented automatically in many cloud offerings), rather than superior.

Can't SQL scale just as well, if you implement sharding? You do the same thing these nosql DBs are already doing under the hood, and simply add more machines and divide your data across them. of course you have to think about your access patterns to pick shard keys that don't distribute data that you need in joins across different colocations, and implement and maintain the actual sharding, which I'm not saying is an easy task. but isn't this extra work needed due to the fact that SQL is gives you relationships and joins in the first place, whereas with NoSQL, to support similar queries, you have to denormalize (something you can do in SQL as well) or make multiple queries to multiple tables, which is inefficient?

basically, I think of it like this: in the best case for nosql, there are no joins, you're just reading from one big flat table, in which case you can easily achieve the same scalability with SQL by sharding on any key without any complex sharding design. in the worst case for nosql, you have to do a join-like query combining data from multiple tables (ie. all comments for a user), which will require multiple queries, whereas with SQL, if you design your sharding correctly, the join will still be on the same machine thus efficient, AND relations enforced. therefore, SQL is superior in any case, but just requires more thought and work to achieve the same scalability given its enforcement of relationships?

^ is this an accurate take? :P
Optimistically.

(Which I have a hard time being, after nature.com's paywall doesn't even let me read the abstract.)
Almost correct, except sugar consumption has been declining for decades. The peak was prior to 2000 IIRC
> In the 1960s, a man named Angus Barbieri fasted for over a year under medical supervision and suffered no ill effects afterward. Unless you want to believe the whole thing is a hoax and he was secretly snarfing donuts on the sly, he is proof that humans don't NEED carbs.

Read a little about this on Wikipedia, that's insane! I'm still being stubborn and halfway refusing to believe there were no bad side effects, though lol
I don't think localisation should be forced on anyone, but we had enough people using our software who couldn't speak English that getting it right would have made a lot of people's lives easier. At one place I worked, they even added Cantonese text to a help page to let Cantonese users know how to get support - but all the text on the buttons and links to get to that point was in English!

As developers, we need to build software for our users, and not for ourselves. That means proper localisation, and it means giving users the option of choosing their own language and settings.
> sold cheaper than an alternative like a healthy fruit and nut mix

Sorry for sniping, but the alternative is to not buy a snack. You don't have to eat snacks.
I wondered why other delivery companies use commercial vehicles instead of NGDVs or LLVs, and the answer is that commercial vehicles are more capable while being significantly cheaper.

NGDVs cost $60,000 each, and that's for half of them being ICE vehicles and half EVs with a 70 mile range (35 miles if you use the heater). The ICE version gets 14.7 miles per gallon (8.6mpg if you turn on the air conditioning).[1] There is no hybrid version, which is outrageous considering the expected driving profile.

For comparison, a Mercedes eSprinter (which has more cargo capacity and >2x the range of the NGDV) starts at $63,475 MSRP. I'm sure a bulk order of 50,000 would get a significant discount.

This whole project seems to be a handout to a defense contractor, not an efficient use of funds.

1. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oshkosh_NGDV#Fuel_economy_and_...
I think this is a criticism about the general Python ecosystem, but the article has nothing to do with what other package authors do or security vulnerabilities etc. It converts SAT to “dependency resolution” by creating a bunch of dummy packages and dependencies that map back to the SAT instance. And it’s definitely just for fun, I highly doubt it’s useful except as an exercise in NP-complete reductions :)
According to Wikipedia:

> Passed the House on December 8, 2006 (voice vote)

> Passed the Senate on December 9, 2006 (unanimous consent)

Can't pin it all on Bush Jr.
But there will never ever be such guarantee that could be taken seriously. How do you know that 2 star generations ago (so say roughly 10 billion years ago), in our previous neighborhood, a massive hypernova wiped out advanced civilization and you are now just consuming molecules that were once part of sentient living being, even with IQ much higher than yours?

Nah, you can never be 100% sure, its one of those situations reachable only on paper.
> Cars such a narrow range of design that's considered "good aesthetics" that everything looks so uniform.

The issue is fuel efficiency. Modern cars are all built to be as aerodynamic and fuel efficient as possible, and the constraints are virtually the same, so the designs are very similar as well.

However, these mail trucks don't travel 85 miles an hour, most of them will be on average less than 25 mp/h or less, where aerodynamics plainly just does not matter (it's v-squared), so they can prioritize safety and driver comfort over anything else.
You're right. It won't. Nobody could claim otherwise.
Many elite athletes devour ultraprocessed foods. Elite cyclists have pushed their performance limits by eating as much sugar as their digestive systems can handle. They eat sugar until they puke and it trains their guts to tolerate more sugar in the future.

Sugar and other simple carbs are quick burning fuel. You don't want to be flooding your blood stream with fuel when your body doesn't need it, but when it does, well, it's fuel, it gets into your system fast, and it makes you go.
Thank you for focusing on the real point of my post. :)

I was thinking I'd just unhinge my jaw in the style of 90s Reach Toothbrush commercials or like a human pez dispenser.
It’s true that slavery was practiced by many civilizations throughout history, and it continues today. I’m also not a fan of the contemporary, “critical” approach, or at least the way it has unfolded in mainstream public life in the US (happy to elaborate as to why). That said, chattel slavery as it existed in the US really was exceptionally bad for a lot of reasons.

(1) slavery and treating people of other ethnicities badly wasn’t a new thing, but the ideology of there being a natural hierarchy of races was a new idea and it led to new cruelties.

(2) In the European Middle Ages, there had been a taboo against Christians holding other Christians as slaves.
The western slavers knowingly took advantage of the chaos in early modern Europe and did it anyway, over opposition, constructing the above ideology to justify it.

(3) the scale of the trans-Atlantic slave trade was unprecedented. It dwarfed the Barbary and Indian slave trade. Maybe Rome or the golden age Islamic slave network were on a comparable scale when various factors are accounted for, but neither were chattel systems, and they lacked the whole racial dimension.
Am I lost or are the cores not open source? I cannot find any Verilog, VHDL, or bundled IP blocks to downloaded. Very strange for what on the surface appears to be a hobby FPGA project.
This is welcome news! I already use spreadsheets and SQLite as part of my Jekyll workflow. I import spreadsheet data into SQLite, create some additional tables, and export them to CSV files. Jekyll ingests CSV files automatically and makes them available via Liquid. I look forward to learning more about this project.
Show HN: Clean Your Mac with a Script
I wanted to clean old temporary files and caches from my macOS with a script instead of using a shady paid app, so I created a simple script for that.

Pull requests are very welcome for other unused files to clean up storage space!
"Most people will be earning top 35% income by age 35" seems like a patently false statement. Clearly more than 35% of the working population is over 35.
> What good is a $2/mo cloud instance if it's down multiple times a month?

The perverse irony is that the most common reason cited by cloud providers for not letting people set a hard cap on charges is an insistence that surely the last thing you want in the world is for your service to be taken offline, even if it does means avoiding a $1k–$100k bill at the end of the month.
i like that angle...I also hear a lot that 'coding agents are great for prototypes, but we usually need a team to bring it to production'
Anecdotally, I've worked with and on a few enterprise AI apps and haven't seen this functionality in them. The closest thing i can think of is AI coding agents submitting PRs to repos.
When I look close I discover that those people who tried agile and found it worked either were on a much smaller projects with much simpler problems than large projects have; or they are not telling the full truth about agile. (sometimes both). I'm glad agile works for small projects, but it doesn't scale very well seems clear from all the large projects that have tried it and have gone back in major ways (generally not all the way back). The people who have failed projects still often sing the praises of agile, but we have no idea if the project would have failed if something else had been used.
The general consensus of the literary establishment at least up to 20 years ago is that James was far greater than Wells, I believe that is still the accepted viewpoint, although some things I have heard and seen recently make me think that Wells may be getting re-evaluated, but still not above James I believe.

That said I happen to have a great deal of literary contempt for James and think he should be completely thrown away as a worthless piece of junk - which reasons I will not expound on here. Whereas I only ever found Wells sort of boring.

OK I found James boring too, but also a conceited punk of considerably lower quality than his own opinion and the critical establishment has given for an ability to write complicated sentences about inessential things (that was not expounding on my reasons, that was just a little snide aside)
@WgaqPdNr7PGLGVW

You are correct but I think it has mostly to do with the way academia is organized. Scientific study is only really funded or respected if it quotes enough other works. However this is a dead-end way of working, bad research that quotes bad research will become the norm. Real talent feels this, leaves academia, the problem gets worse.
Strong, strong agree on this. That plus the verbosity really adds to the activation energy of getting things done. I reckon I end up writing (and having to read) 5x the lines of code for the same result that then ends up being less type safe and lacking null safety. I guess that's the price you pay for simplicity.
> I assumed mutable (implicit) state was being argued in favour of an explicit state representation.

I definitely was not: I would argue for structured logic rather than implicit state. The idea you are discussing seems to be more about imperative vs. functional design, and that would also be a lot better... but these are Google engineers managing a million interacting state machines via a giant pile of global (mutable) state, resulting in tons of bugs such as this one that isn't even fixed yet:

https://issues.webrtc.org/issues/339131894

A reply I just left elsewhere on this thread, noting that "state machine" doesn't imply the clean perfectly-factored concept you'd learn in a computer science class: these are ad hoc state machines that result from having a number of developers who don't really care and who think they can "dead reckon" the state of the system if they just add enough transition functions.

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=42250142
This is the second place you've offered this sentiment. Was it your expectation that we were going to hit some point, sometime in the near future, where we weren't going to have deployment-blocking outages? I'd like to better understand your premise. If it's "I can get more reliability by deploying on a hyperscaler cloud", who ever told you otherwise?
Looks like they are just bouncing back and forth at relative speeds to each other; the speed of each ball is all that matters. I also found this diagram confusing at first.
The causal relationship here would be extremely interesting: Do those individuals start off with brain that is slightly differently wired than the "normie" population and become lonely because they just don't vibe well with them? Or is their loneliness causing their speech and thought patterns to diverge, because they have less opportunities to "resync" with the mainstream culture? Or a sort of feedback loop of both - or something else completely?
Ironically Javalin is largely written in Kotlin.

Kotlin (from the perspective of this blog post) stands above both Java and Go here because it's type system is even more expressive, it has null safety and it's less verbose than both.

I love Kotlin because it's unapologetically pragmatic, it largely forgoes ideology and instead focuses on getting things done. Go and Java have ideologies and while I am more partial to the Java ideology over the Go one I would prefer to not have to subscribe to either.
Could there be a genetic component to PGH? I started to to get grays at about 14yo so did my sister, and for my mother I only saw her hair color on pictures.
I hope he doesn't work at any tech company; I'm pretty sure you could say that about all of them. I also hope he doesn't have a car - that pointlessly burns energy when he could be taking public transit instead.
I doubt its the GC kicking in, but you could run it with the following environment variable set just to ensure that its not doing anything.

GOGC=-1

EDIT: Trying it out quickly shows a small improvement actually, but so small as to likely be noise as I was doing other things on the machine.

Summary
./mainnogc 1000 ran
1.01 ± 0.06 times faster than ./maingc 1000
CEO fired 90% of staff for missing a morning meeting. He stands by the choice
New release of Cataclysm-DDA, 0.H-RELEASE
Lunr.js isn't really being developed anymore from what I remember. I switched from Lunr.js to SQLite FTS in browser myself. I'm using sqlite-wasm-http [0], which uses range requests to only pull relevant pages of the static database as needed. Though if your search query is short enough, it'll probably pull the entire FTS table anyways.

[0] https://github.com/mmomtchev/sqlite-wasm-http
Media ceos ignore customer engagement and focus on content production to their detriment.
A trolley hurtling down the tracks towards a rabbit, and if you pull a lever it will go on to a different track that kills the same number of carrot plants that the rabbit has already eaten in its lifetime...
We'll have a postmortem in next week's infra log update, but here it was a particularly ambitious customer app pushing our state sync service into a corner case; it's one we knew about, but the solution (federating regional state sharing clusters rather than running one globally) is taking time to roll out.
thanks I knew I could count on someone from HN to do the work I was too lazy to do myself!
seems like storage is the answer?

the grid status folks published a blog entry talking about batteries are reducing CA’s reliance of nat gas.

https://blog.gridstatus.io/caiso-batteries-apr-2024/
Even Bellevue doesn't seem to be doing the optimal thing. They're losing students and having to close schools as well. Meanwhile, their Chinese immersion school has a huge waitlist. Every Chinese parent and many others wants to send their kids there. It's free, their kids will learn Chinese, and they'll be surrounded by other well-behaved kids with academically-focused parents.

I'm going to try to get my kids into that school, but if they don't get in, it may be private school for us as well.
For me, the more troubling thing about those sorts of goals are that they treat the fact that a kid is good at academics as an excuse to lose track of the fact that they're still just a kid in one's haste to project adults' ideas around economic success onto them.
thanks for the feedback, I spend a lot of time thinking about it. right now the premium tier includes features that are much harder to build/maintain and take more to integrate, so we want a bit of a commitment up front, but it does stick out to me that the price/op goes up in that case

we do have 100/mo for free at the free tier (automatic top up).

I think the comparison to how openAI calls are volume based (and rather $$) is a super valid one though and I lean on that a lot
This is so sick
If you pick any well performing AI architecture, what would lead you to believe that they are not capable of having a rich internal cognitive representation?

The Transformer, well... transforms, at each layer to produce a different representation of the context. What is this but an internal representation? One cannot assess whether that is rich or cognitive without some agreement of what those terms might mean.

LLMs can seemingly convert a variety of languages into an internal representation that encompasses the gist of any of them. This would at least provide a decent argument that the internal representation is 'rich'

As for cognitive? What assessment would you have in mind that would clearly disqualify something as a non-cognitive entity?

I think most people working in this field who are confident feel that they can extend what they know now to make something that looks like a duck, walks like a duck, and quacks like a duck. If that is achieved, on what basis does anyone have to say "But it's not really a duck"?

I'm ok with people saying AI will be never able to perform that well because it doesn't have X, as long as they accept that if it does, one day, perform that well they accept that either X is present, or that X is not relevant.
The best exception is high quality protein powder. Additional protein consumption is extremely healthy for you, short and long term. But it's technically an ultra-processed food.

It's probably better to each 4-5 chicken breasts per day instead of protein powder. But as far as I know there hasn't been a measured difference.
I like designing data-intensive applications from Martin as the first book. Then, dive into specific technology - such as database, networking, serverless and more.

AWS has resources around Cloud scalability but you can draw parallel to apply for GCP and Azure.
Added fructose seems bad for you. Specifically, a high ratio of fructose:glucose (which doesn't occur in nature) does something weird to your metabolism. Your gut uses some hack like detecting only glucose to trigger intermediate steps in the metabolism of both, and consumption of high fructose:glucose foods causes weight gain.

More: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4145298/
Do these other fields also study humans in controlled experiments?

I think it has to do with the sample to staff ratio. It's not enough to observe human subjects. You have to actively prevent them from going off the rails. It doesn't scale well when you increase the sample size. I guess we could replicate a similar experiment n-times and then do a meta study, but it's not ideal either.

How would you tackle the logistics of scaling up the above experiment?
> manufacture the chassis frame

Ship of Theseus notwithstanding, at that point, isn't it a new car if you're replacing the chassis?
> For some reason the LLM seemed to latch on to the idea that one host should say something, and the other host should just repeat a key phrase in the sentence for emphasis -- and say nothing else, and they'd do it like multiple times in a sentence, over and over again throughout the entire thing.

cough https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ELIZA
In that case, these are quite literally the droids you're looking for:

- https://capturedbyrobots.com/

- https://pitchfork.com/reviews/albums/19242-squarepusher-z-ma...

- https://www.patmetheny.com/orchestrioninfo/