skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Show HN: Knowing 0.2 – Structured AI Collaboration in Hierarchical Contexts
Hi HN!

A months ago, I shared the first version of [Knowing](https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=42136044), a tool designed for interacting with LLMs directly inside hierarchical structures instead of the usual prompt-response format. The feedback I received was invaluable and shaped much of the progress I’ve made since then.

Today, I’m excited to announce Knowing 0.2, which brings several major updates based on the insights from the HN community and early users:

- Guided Tour: A walkthrough for first-time users to make the experience more intuitive.

- Publish a Knowing: Make your work public and share it with others.

- Commander Window: Write AI commands directly in the tree view for enhanced productivity.

- Multidimensional Spaces: Support for Conceptual Space, Attribute Space, and Ontology Space for advanced organization (based on Peter Gärdefors' research).

- Email Notifications: For forums and sharing updates.

- Improved UI: A decluttered introduction and welcome screen.

- Bug Fixes and More: Overall stability improvements.

I’d love to hear your thoughts—whether it’s about the new features or the core idea of structured hierarchies for AI interactions. I’m especially curious about:

- Are these updates helpful for making the tool more practical?

- Any additional features or improvements you’d like to see?

Try it out here: https://knowing.app

New docs: https://docs.knowing.app

Join the discussion: https://forum.knowing.app

As before, feedback is deeply appreciated, and I will not stop developing this until it becomes a valuable tool. Thank you for supporting this journey—it truly means a lot!
> Either you choose it and plan for it or you hit the wall and deal with the consequences.

That's the problem though, without a sea change in human behavior, nobody will ever choose it. As the paper I linked points out, degrowth is a political self-own. Nobody likes it, nobody wants it, and hardly anybody has even studied it properly. Planning on hitting the wall and dealing with the consequences is our reality, so studies like the OP have a real and practical use.
Turning the tables: If what he is concerned about is whataboutism to you, then what you are worried about is also whataboutism to him. Both can be safely discarded from one another's consideration.

...That is, unless you're willing to admit neither of your concerns is "merely dismissable as whataboutism" in which case both warrant due attention!

Isn't logic fun?
I'm not clear where that read comes from? There is a single mention of "veritable tablets" in this post, and I'm not at all seeing this backed up with any evidence of latent demand?
I had the idea last year to create some kind of lsp/uml chimera that would render codebases in 3D so you could navigate them wearing a vr device. You would edit files from there, create files maybe classes, draw inheritance schemes, meet with other persons, explain stuff; and that would be a somewhat fun way of welcoming interns.
Previous posts:

https://thezvi.substack.com/p/on-car-seats-as-contraception

https://thezvi.substack.com/p/fertility-rate-roundup-1

https://thezvi.substack.com/p/fertility-roundup-2

https://thezvi.substack.com/p/fertility-roundup-3

(no HN threads from above posts with material discussion)
When a Telescope Is a National-Security Risk
> it’s all the same to me

And yet you keep repeating yourself.
I feel that this is basically impossible

It does not appear to be the case for a number of people also living in a capitalist society.

My friends who are working for minimum wage in NYC can be cool people but they aren't flying to Miami for art week

Maybe you should take them? Trips are a great way to build a friendship or find out it's less than you hoped.
> want to maintain eye contact while pulling up a photo of that thing you are describing

Unless your eyes point in markedly different directions, I'm having a hard time imagining how you'd manage that anyway.
There is a third party upgrade that will turn those retina iMacs into a monitor.
From what I understand about the BBB, it's practically impermeable to anything the size of a bacteria (mainly intended for gating small molecules like fats and drugs), until an individual has some sort of disease or other health problem that effects the BBB's integrity. But I can easily imagine that some bacteria (harmful, or helpful) could have exactly the right surface proteins to indicate it's permitted.

I guess this review/writeup https://asm.org/articles/2020/april/how-pathogens-penetrate-... covers most of the known mechanisms for traveral of the BBB by pathogens.
I'm speaking about C++, where blind faith in RAII is widespread, so I don't know if Rust's implementation alleviates some of the accidental complexity.

But I suspect any system with constructors / destructors leads to a lot of the same implicit behaviors, unintended complications, and leaky abstractions, and I generally favor explicit Initialize() and Cleanup() functions that you call manually, even in languages that support the implicit/magic stuff.
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Dear Intel Executive Search Team,

Hi! CEOing has always been a hobby of mine, but with the recent news, I thought this would be a great opportunity for us to synergize.

Sure, I don’t have much experience in the chip making world but I did buy a Pentium when I built my own computer. I also have never run a multinational company but I visited several other countries on a Disney cruise.

Let me lay it out- you would get a dynamic new CEO at a fraction of the going market rate, and I’d get to take my Chief Executiving skills to the next level.

Let’s do this together!

You can reply here and let me know if you’re interested.
Yes?

https://www.freedesktop.org/software/systemd/man/latest/syst...
I'd argue that if there was a demand for software correctness - motivated by, say, legislation applying some baseline standards on such in sensitive applications like money processing - we'd have a lot more smart and experienced engineers focusing on security in particular.

The way things are now is because we as an industry have decided that "move fast and break things" is acceptable, and our culture reflects that. So we need to change the culture.
'Systematic reviews' are in peril
Very nice! The ability to get novel interactions out of connected devices is something I think we're just starting to bloom.
> [I] actually watched die hard for the first time last night and found it kinda slow

Oh man! If you think that is slow, don't go further back in time...

But you want a taste of slow, here is some inspiration, courtesy of "Once Upon a Time in the West":

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QML28YQBvyc

> and [I] instinctively want to start multitasking every time there's a lull in the action.

That's your cue for an attention problem right there. For the fun of it, try to notice in how many other situations you might have the same tendency to look for a "multitasking" distraction.
From the article:

> When microbes have been found in the human brain, they are associated with active infections or typically linked to a breakdown in the barrier due to diseases such as Alzheimer’s.

I think the question is whether there is a brain microbiome in healthy people, which seems to still be an open question.
Funny you should mention gleam since it's a BEAM host language... surely they shouldn't fear crash management, right ?
Thanks for linking that. I’m a big proponent of using ISO 8601 but had either missed or completely forgotten about it specifying a format for intervals.

Note that ISO also permits a double hyphen as the interval separator which is hugely preferable to me personally and also works with file names (as mentioned in that Wikipedia article)
>Intel has no GPU.

I own one, Arc isn't the best, but it's still able to compete with lower end Nvidia and AMD GPUs. They ended up having to mark them down pretty drastically though.

I actually owned an Intel Zenphone about 8 years ago. Aside from being absolutely massive, it was decent.

I think Intel got arrogant. Even today, with all the benchmarks showing Intel isn't any faster than AMD, Intel is still more expensive for PC builds.

Check Microcenter, at least in the US, the cheapest AMD bundle is 299 vs 399 for Intel.

They're lagging behind in every metric.
> Manifest destiny but with secular scientism this time

Manifest destiny without pre-existing sapient life.

Like, the problem with manifest destiny wasn't the expansion. Nobody is running around decrying the Polynesians for the deigning to exist on more than one island. Primordial humans weren't monsters for leaving Africa.
The space shuttle was the worst possible launch vehicle because the majority of the expense was directed toward safe guarding the obligatory crew.

Science fiction fans always point to the fact that only the space shuttle could have saved Hubble. Yes --- but at a cost that was far greater than simply replacing it with a better, more modern telescope.

Nothing about the Space Shuttle made any sense from a cost perspective.
I think you make some good points. People got quite hung up on
thinking of privacy at the IP/TCP layer because of legal disputes with
RIAA/MPAA etc circa 2005 over IP addresses. It became lore that IP
mobility/NAT/cloaking were the ways to protect yourself. But that's
living on the run. With all the overlays these days, IPFS, Tor,
wireguard tunnels, the game has moved to endpoints, so decentralising
and creating peer diversity rather than network diversity is a win, as
you say. But we should not entirely abandon ephemerality of network
identity as a defence.
Yes, and the web page you linked to also includes reference to the PDF version available outside Open Library, so everyone can read it.
Except it was revised once already to point out that computers aren't reliable. And then a decade later, at the peak of the dot-com boom, that revision was reverted after a review by committee.
New features in Linux 6.10 contributed by Pernosco
yeah, That is kinda their point. "affect" alone should not be the basis for law or regulation.

Lots of things "affect" others, but that does not generate an entitlement not to be affected. IF I choose to quit a job, that affects my employer. I chose not to date someone, they are affected. Neither of those are reason to restrict my choice.
That was also peak iphone hype era—Gizmodo-style and all.
I'll say I've only read the first ... uh... three? four? novellas, and it's been many moons. I don't recall any point where having a female form would've been noteworthy. Not like a /Stomship Troopers/ shared shower moment or anything.

Mainly I think we came up with that mindset immediately upon reading the first novella and never updated it.
I love SE3, had SE2 before it. I love the phone and the size, but I do NOT love the battery life.. It's manageable though.
I built an interactive call graph interface targeting visionOS that I'll be open sourcing soon. My approach is to use the Language Server Protocol(LSP) as the itermediate format as many LSP implementations support the call hierarchy method. You can then proxy the commands to the headset for rendering. Using the LSP is nice because you can integrate the controls into small editor plugins and get live code analysis.

Most code analysis programs fail in some combination of editor integration, language support, iteration speed, or interactivity.

One of the big issues with visionOS right now is the divide between a full immersive space and a volume. There is a dev option to enable the virtual display to work in an immersive space, but normally a full metal rendered scene will hide your mac monitor. The volume requires RealityKit and provides no hand tracking data. My approach is to run the graph fruchterman-reingold spring embedder in a metal compute kernel updating a LowLevelMesh in a volume. The biggest limit I've faced is around 1000 input targets (graph nodes) is the most the RealitKyt renderer can support before the frame rate dips under 90Hz.

Good luck if you attempt visionOS, it is nearly undocumented.
if it helps, I checked my website with https://www.seobility.net/en/seocheck/ and looks fine.

I also checked my CloudFlare dashboard, and I can see crawls from Google and Bing.
I agree with what you say, and I would never trust btrfs with my data because of issues that I've seen in the past, My last job I installed my Ubuntu desktop with btrfs and within three days it had been corrupted so badly because of a power outage that I had to completely wipe and reinstall the system.

That said:

> but cause the filesystem to panic with error messages for which there is no documentation and little clue what the problem is.

The one and only time I experimented with ZFS as a root filesystem I got bit in the ass because the zfs tools one day added a new feature flag to the filesystem that the boot loader (grub) didn't understand and therefore it refused to read the filesystem, even read-only. Real kick in the teeth, that one, especially since the feature flag was completely irrelevant to just reading enough of the filesystem for the boot loader to load the kernel and there was no way to override it without patching grub's zfs module on another system then porting it over.

Aside from that, ZFS has been fantastic, and now that we're all using UEFI and our kernels and initrds are on FAT32 filesystems I'm much less worried, but I'm still a bit gunshy. Not as much as with BTRFS, mind you, but somewhat.
It's an android, not a gyndroid!
Consciousness is clearly hiding in the smells. Scientists just haven’t properly looked at the olfactory chemistry happening in the air around us all the time. The neurons do the raw computation, but the subtle chemical exchanges and releases are what actually drives cognitive qualia and the sense of smelf. This also explains why smell is so important to memory.
I think Apple has the cash, culture and management to make the fabs work.

But I'm just speculating.
It may be surprising for you, but it's very rare for it to be legal.

It's also almost never persecuted either, for obvious reasons. But totalitarian governments are usually not confident enough to officialize their money-movements. They usually claim to fight corruption with all their might.
Innovation, Customers and Scale: A Positive Vision for Intel's (Foundry) Future
I’m in a similar situation with my iPhone 8. The battery currently shows 81% capacity, so needs changing, but it doesn’t make much sense considering it’s not getting anymore software updates. It sucks, because outside of that, the phone is fine!
Really wish that we got updates for longer; feels as though companies are forcing you into upgrades just to sell more devices.
Surviving is impossible in the long term. If anything, it's reproduction?
Have you looked at org mode for eMacs? That does precisely this
I wonder how burnt sushi feels about this
In my experience, it is not that hard to get a stream of fresh playtesters. Maybe I'm just fortunate.

I also don't think the playtester bias to be particularly bad for this. You'll miss some stuff because your playtesters will usually be a lot better than average at reading rules. But nearly everyone stumbles in visible ways on rulebooks, and the fixes for an experienced playtester stumbling tend to be simplifications / clarifications that are even more useful to inexperienced players.
https://ntrs.nasa.gov/api/citations/19670009662/downloads/19...

“The data processing system selected for the Apollo remote sites is being manufactured and assembled by the UMVAC Military System, Division of the Sperry Rand Corporation, located in St. Paul, Minnesota. The computer is identified as the UNIVAC 642 B Modified and has been designed to meet military specification. There will be two identical computing subsystems installed on each of the sites of the Apollo Tracking Network. These subsystems are identical in every respect with the exception of the mission requirements which will be assigned to each subsystem. One computer subsystem will be used for the processing of telemetry data and will also provide a command processing back-up capability. The second computer subsystem will be used for the processing of command data and will also provide a telemetry processing back-up capability. The purpose of the back-up capability is to provide continuous operation for the remote site computing requirements should either computer malfunction during a critical period of the mission.”
> inhabitation means geometric structures, lights, and disturbance of the immediate environment

Most cities aren't visible from LEO in the day; none are, day or night, from the Moon with the "naked" eye.

We are centuries from building anything on the Moon visible to the naked eye. And given how often I've seen the shaded part of the Moon in pop culture coloured in with stars, I'm not sure most people would notice the lights from a major lunar city either.
I'm curious which apps were the purported problem. Apple's recommendation for app developers is targeting 16.1 as the min device, which the 7 and 8 support (devices that are 7+ and 8+ years old, fwiw), and doing a quick check of the app store, every top app I looked at required 16.1 or earlier. And FWIW, while Apple offers no specific guarantees, they're still providing security updates when necessary. There was one a few months ago.

Could there be a specific app that used some super new API or just wanted to force users to have recent devices? Sure, there absolutely are. But a simple survey demonstrates they're the fringe. For most people, iOS being stuck on iOS 16.x will remain irrelevant for a few more years.
The main challenge is to ensure a sustainable 10-x increase in energy production over the next 10-20 years with at least support current level of prices.

All other problem will be solvable, I we archive this goal
If you're interested in Divine Comedy here's one I cannot recommend enough:

Walking with Dante by Mark Scarbrough: https://walkingwithdante.captivate.fm

It's slow and immensely comprehensive, but also very accessible and so much fun! His love for the subject and enthusiasm are contagious.

Sharing this because thanks to HN I learned about some of my other favourite podcasts: Science & Futurism with Isaac Arthur and The History of Rome by Marc Duncan. I finished THoR twice and I listen to Isaac's podcast every week. I keep coming back to Dante.
Don't grow as a engineer. Just making things.
This is very country-specific. I can think of quite a few countries where the norm is to just buy the phone, or at least finance it through a regular personal loan, not something tied to your operator.
The brain is _unusually_ protected though. There's nothing like the blood brain barrier basically anywhere else. Most the the tissues you mentioned are exposed to the environment in some way. There aren't many ways to reach the brain without getting inside the body first(sensory organs being the obvious pathway, but even that is a stretch).

Not saying it's impossible, just that the skepticism is warranted.
If you were to simplify the human body to a sphere (or torus... or whatever corresponds with the number of orifices that a human has), then all of the microbiomes you've listed would be on the exterior. The brain (and heart and kidneys and liver and bones and...) would not be.

The microflora would need to have gotten there somehow, something analogous to endosymbiosis. But unless they're somehow getting from brain-to-egg-to-brain that's hard to explain. As for the others, they're easier, all being along the surfaces. Even the gut is on the "outside" in that membranes need not be crossed in order to access it.

Although counterpoint: the same argument would apply to a fish so I guess it's not impossible. Just more surprising.
Is there a stigma? Sure, probably deservedly so. FAANG hasn't exactly been a benevolent force for social good, and tech has greatly worsened livability for everyday people across much of the urban U.S..

That said, I've worked in some form as a web dev for 20+ years and this has never been a problem. My friends have been farmers, trailworkers, solar people, museum people, scientists, yogis, veterinarians, service industry folks, climbers, hikers, animal lovers, and yes, a few coders too. They're mostly blue-collar, and they don't judge me by my profession but by the quality of the time we spend together, our shared interests and values, etc..

I think it's more a matter of picking social situations (and circles) that expose you to more diverse swaths of society. If you spend all your time among strongly capitalist hoity-toities, then yeah, maybe you're gonna get judged for being a tech person (and makes sense too, with most white-collar+ jobs requiring years and years of education and hard work and ladder-climbing and sucking up, meanwhile some techie out of boot camp makes 2x the money and thinks they know it all while contributing net negatively to society... why wouldn't they judge us?).

But that's not all of society. When I was younger, I spent a lot of time volunteering, doing different jobs, going outdoors, etc. and met a lot of people that way. I was always the "techie guy" who could make their websites or fix their machines. I often earned more than them, but I never lorded it over them... it never really even came up. I didn't let my profession define me or my relationships. It was just something I did for a paycheck, the same way they did their thing for a paycheck. Never once been accused of being autistic, an incel, or anything like that; in fact many of my friends were women from completely different fields.

I'm probably more extroverted than most techies, but so what? It still requires active development of other interests and active participation in local communities: volunteering, civics, community events, outdoors, neighbors, etc. None of it came naturally or automatically, but only through sustained active effort. That's just a people & networking thing, and maybe techies are less inclined to do them, but they work for us just as they work for anyone else. It's a developed skillset & social network.
I'm not sure we in Europe do the advanced bits of capitalism like extracting lots of profits globally and floating for huge amounts very well. In the UK I can think of a couple of companies that could have gone big - DeepMind and ARM but they both got bought out by Google and Softbank respectively. Maybe it's a cultural thing?
The founder of Sperry Corp is this guy https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elmer_Ambrose_Sperry who has an incredible dossier of inventions to his name and his son Lawerence https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lawrence_Sperry was an aviation pioneer and inventor who invented the first guided missile, autopilot, and much more, as well as being accredited to starting the "Mile High Club". I'm reading the Elmer Sperry biography currently and its incredible how many projects they worked on in such a short span. Makes you question how productive we are in the computer age...
Sure, but why do you think that matters unless the two are in major competition?
It's crazy that they don't put a scare screen for arbitration before checkout.
> Actually 'nitpicking' is when you assume someone didn't read an article whenever their post references the title of the article.

Well that just can't be accurate.

Also, bonus points for nitpicking someone's use of the word nitpicking.