skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
> Every LLM we have today is Turing complete if you put a loop around it that uses context as a means to continue the state transitions so they haven't made that sacrifice, is the point.

I don't think you understood what I was writing. I wasn't saying that either the LLM (finished product OR the machines used for training them) were not Turing Complete. I said it was irrelevant.

> It only means it needs the theoretical ability.

This is absolutely incorporated in my previous post. Which is why I wrote:

>> Specifically, the problem with Turing Completeness is that it implies the ability to create global branches/dependencies in the code based on the output of any previous computation step.

> It only means it needs the theoretical ability. They can take any set of shortcuts you want.

I'm not talking about shortcuts. When I talk about sacrificing, I'm talking about algorithms that you can run on any Turing Complete machine that are (to our knowledge) fundamentally impossible to distribute properly, regardless of shortcuts.

Only by staing within the subset of all possible algorithms that CAN be properly paralellized (and have the proper hardware to run it) can you perform the number of calculations needed to train something like an LLM.

> Every LLM we have today is Turing complete if you put a loop around it that uses context as a means to continue the state transitions so they haven't made that sacrifice,

Which, to the degree that it's true, is irrelevant for the reason that I'm saying Turing Completeness is a distraction. You're not likely to run algorithms that require 10^20 to 10^25 steps within the context of an LLM.

On the other hand, if you make a cluster to train LLM's that is explicitly NOT Turing Complete (it can be designed to refuse to run code that is not fully parallel to avoid costs in the millions just to have a single cuda run activated, for instance), it can still be just as good at it's dedicated task (training LLM)s.

Another example would be the brain of a new-born baby. I'm pretty sure such a brain is NOT Turing Complete in any way. It has a very short list of training algorithms that are constanly running as it's developing.

But it can't even run Hello World.

For it to really be Turing Complete, it needs to be able to follow instructions accurately (no halucinations, etc) and also access to infinite storage/tape (or it will be a Finite State Machine). Again, it still doesn't matter if it's Turing Complete in this context.
Back in the 70's there was a sex-ed book called "Show Me" which featured very frank photographs of both adults and children, completely naked.

It was subject to litigation at the time it was released and was upheld as not being obscene. But it continued to cause moral panics and was eventually taken out of print by the publisher.

But it was never banned and can still be found as a collector's item. And in the mid 70's it was completely normal to walk into a book store and see it on display.

<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Show_Me!>
No expletives? Truly disappointed... /s
The underlying implication of the linked comment is that Anthropic is using quantization or similar quality-reducing strategies to help keep their service online due to the same shortage that has been causing availability issues.
Sarcastic replies can be fine. Sarcastic replies when you clearly didn't read the article are just annoying.
Good post, just read it. Just curious, why did you link that site (presumably your own, based on your username?) instead of simply linking Hacker News?
Back when I was in high school CD-ROMs were brand new and you could buy encyclopedias on disc.

I made dozens of dollars selling book reports and history papers to my fellow honors class peers. Every paper was a virtually unaltered copy & paste job from Microsoft Encarta. Copy, paste into word, format using some “fancy font”, add my “customers” name, date and class to the top… print! Boom. Somebody buys me lunch.

I mean how else was I gonna have time to write shitty Visual Basic programs that used every custom control I could download in order to play/pause the CDROM’s music stuff?
No issues here on Firefox 128.4.0esr, even with uBlock Origin medium mode[1] blocking 31% of the page.

[1] https://github.com/gorhill/uBlock/wiki/Blocking-mode:-medium...
Well, you're comparing a concrete algorithm from applied mathematics (simplex) to a term from abstract algebra. I'm not exactly sure how you'd expect such a general concept to be described. Where in your work do terms like "bialgebra" regularly come up and is "it's some sort of algebraic structure" not enough of an understanding to continue without digging into the details? Maybe your problem is with people who put abstract mathematics into applied material without motivation or explanation and not with research mathematicians themselves?

Would you expect to be able to read the "cliff notes" on French and then be able to read Camus in the original? That's what I mean by "body of knowledge" as opposed to individual facts.
> you do need to actually have the motivation to regularly use them, though. They're not going to entice you with funny animations and points and leaderboards and notifications and all of those things.

That's the gist of it. Never in history there was so much content in foreign languages and education material available that easily and for free, including not only writing but audio too (songs, movies). The thing is one has to go through it, and it's taking effort over a long time to get good, which is why most quit.
Once I got fired because commented when boss smoked weed at work and liked to be intoxicated at workplace by other means as well. Who can beat that
This has always been true for anyone who knows anything. Batteries rapidly deteriorate from 100%, but the degradation gets slower the more capacity has already been lost.

Even for consumer devices, battery aging and capacity loss is very slow after 70%, and they are exposed to much harsher conditions than EVs (no temp control, daily full cycling, etc).
They don't do one thing well since it's all text, not structured data, which makes chained analysis a challenge, which leads to the desire for integration
It's important to understand that all ChatGPT knows is what's in its training set, and what was in the prompt. I see it all the time in programming - if you are doing a boring, run-off-the-mill websites or plugging other peoples' libraries together, then AIs like copilot have a very high success rate. But try something new or unusual (even a bit unusual, like QNX), and the lack of training data means the amount of hallucinations becomes incredibly high, and the resulting code is often outright wrong.

A lot of times that's fine - after all, there are programmers who spend their careers never writing an original algorithm, and they could definitely use the help. And in a lot of cases an original architecture is actually a bad idea - stick to the boring technology, create your architecture proposal based on re-blending previous projects with a tiny bit of changes. Nothing wrong with that.

But school tries to be better than that (it does not always succeed, but it at least tries). That's why the students are taught how to multiply numbers by hand, and only then they are allowed calculators. And they must be taught how find their primary sources, before being allowed to use Wikipedia. And they must be taught how to write their thoughts in their words, before being allowed to ChatGPT.

Sure, some of them will go on and never multiply numbers by hand, nor ever read a primary source nor ever create a highly original proposal. That's fine and even expected. Still, the school aims high even if not everyone can get there.
AFAIK not nearly enough stuff gets caught by escape analysis - and thus stack allocated - to make a difference.
Yeah the article doesn't even mention "what about more threads". Responses to your comment suggest there's broadly a lack of clarity around what Async gets you especially vs threads.

If the alternative to Async is more processes, rather than threads, a clear benefit is reduced memory usage and reduced process startup time.
was the primevue the one that you need to purchase some blocks or something in many cases ?
>> Maybe for people <30. Priorities change very fast, as you age.

This.

I read here on HN some time ago an article stating that teenager-ish people crave to find "meaning" in work due to being what in essence can be described as emotionally retarded (although intellectually normal). This all changes fast as they age and/or have kids or other inevitable live event that manages to pull their head out of their ass.

Basically Mark Twain's "When I was 17, my father was so stoopid" remark.
archive.org|.ph
Hynix launches 321-layer NAND
I don't read it negatively, but to play devil's advocate here... Managers are also individuals who are contributing to the group corpus. They just do it by interfacing with people instead of code.

Though, that's just semantics on the naming. IC just means not having direct reports.
One thing that bothers me about Nebula lately is their apparent shift toward quantity over quality.

They started as a handpicked group of creators who consistently produced excellent content, but it seems they've fallen into that classic 'eternal growth' trap, lowering their standards and accepting creators who, IMO, put out mediocre or lazy stuff.

The platform's now flooded with so many creators that finding good content has become a real challenge. The irony is that I remember Nebula founders advertising the lack of YouTube’s recommendation system and ratings as a feature. While that made perfect sense in a carefully curated environment, these tools have become necessary now that, like on YouTube, it's hard to separate signal from noise.
"This transportarion vehicle incorporates four toroid acceleration devices plus one toroid guidance machine."

I.e. the car has four tires and a steering wheel.
This is so sad, I loved this man. I wonder if the current dystopian road the US is going down had anything to do with it. Rest in peace, Marshall.
I clicked on this (without noting "github") expecting an essay on the joys of building an alternative to ls.

This is basically a Show HN without a summary I think.

fwiw:

https://news.ycombinator.com/showhn.html
Are you using an internal or external service? Curious what you or others recommend...

I've done a bit of both... I used CloudFlare which works fine and then I moved over to tailscale when playing with pxe / netboot and I've not decided on what to use beyond tailscale's magic dns. Unbound looks pretty nice.
I would argue that the overall theme of the stories is that having a "simple" and "common sense" set of rules for behavior doesn't actually work, and that the 'robot' part is ultimately pretty incidental.
Ask HN: OS X Aerospace
Has anyone tried Aerospace as a tiling manager for OSX? I mean this: https://github.com/nikitabobko/AeroSpace

Any feedback?
Grading scales vary. 65% could correspond to any letter grade.
Late Chunking: Balancing Precision and Cost in Long Context Retrieval
Thanks! I filled out their “Early Access Program” form a couple weeks ago but haven’t heard anything back.

Using the phone’s camera to pinpoint a person’s location does seem like it would work well, but getting the image data of all these building’s floors (as well as responding to changes within the floors) seems like a huge challenge
> The Byzantines created the cyrillic alphabet in the 9th century so that they could write a bible for Slavic countries.

A bit similarly: English uses the Latin alphabet mainly because, as I recall, after the fall of Rome the Christian church was doing much of the writing in (England? Wales? British Isles?), and they adapted the Latin alphabet to the local languages.
Both points seem pretty detached from reality? The majority of workers obviously are not working 15 hours a day..
Russia has 19th century imperial mindset. They will use cease fire to rearm and repeat the process. Only way how to stop them is either change of the government (invasion, coup) or giving Ukraine nuclear weapons, either directly or indirectly through membership in NATO.

Anything else is about as worthless as "Peace for our time" from Munich 1938.
lc: https://github.com/c-blake/lc (in Nim).
Manna was fairly eye-opening ( and you can see some parallels to today's LLMs to me. I will admit that I read it without knowing much about the author way back when and being fairly amazed at well he knew human nature and likely course that invention would take.
I'm always happy to talk through career and engineering issues.

Hit me up, if you're interested: https://www.linkedin.com/in/neurohack/
Tmux vs screen is an odd one; it kinda feels like screen was included in the era when people were actually trying to make the default install on servers kind of nice to use with a functional set of assumed programs. And now, it is fairly widespread just due to legacy.

Nowadays, and possibly for the better (every line of code is a potential bug and every bug is a potential vulnerability) it seems like systems don’t want to include this sort of stuff. So, I’m sure if the decision were made today, tmux or screen, tmux would win. Unfortunately, “none” seems like the real future option…
> I think work is supposed to be hard and tiring

I suppose that depends on what kind of work you are talking about and your perspective on what different kinds of work really are.

I wouldn't consider "The thing i do so me and my family don't starve" to have an inherent need to be hard or tiring.

Whereas "The thing i do to fill up my time with something i feel is meaningful" might have a hard and/or tiring component, but only if you personally feel like the hard/tiring part is required.

Things can be rewarding without being draining and value is subjective.
Same experience for me. I was able to buy my first drumset from the money I got for making a PHP+MySQL+HTML website for someone (also done all in notepad). I did not know anything about computers but I needed to buy a drumset. And that page actually got me going about how HTML works.

I still remember their animations about car differential which were magical.
Thanks, yeah I guess it wasn't as popular as I thought. Thanks for finding that link
There are times I have passed students simply because it isn't worth it to not.
There are some niceties here, but I think this is a little thin on the security aspects of the scheme: it's not clear how users establish the authenticity of transitively received petnames, for example.

More fundamentally, there's a factor outside of Zooko's triangle: trust isn't really transitive[1]. I trust my doctor and my doctor trusts their sibling, but I don't necessarily trust their sibling.

With that being said, I think there's a pretty rich research space here, and I think the edge/local aspects of this design are pretty interesting! I just hope we don't end up with a reinvention of historically insufficient web-of-trust architectures :-)

[1]: https://uhra.herts.ac.uk/bitstream/handle/2299/4349/904849.p...
> This has always been true for anyone who knows anything

Not sure that's true. I have seen comments on HN multiple times over the years claiming batteries die in a few years and were almost never downvoted.
https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=42075533 ("HN: Misinformation Does Spread Like a Virus, Epidemiology Shows")

https://theconversation.com/misinformation-really-does-sprea... ("The Conversation: Misinformation really does spread like a virus, suggest mathematical models drawn from epidemiology")
Which makes me remember Tachyum, and their universal Prodigy CPU, which is in a constant state of "we just need 5 more minutes, and we are done"...
I also tried to submit my product to other SaaS directories but I want to try also other mkt strategies
No, but when talking about whether a country is emitting more than its "fair" share of GHG for any reasonable definition of "fair" per capita is what matters, unless someone can make a convincing argument that some people have some kind of natural or divine right to contribute more to GHG emissions than others.

More details are in this comment [1].

[1] https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=42229636
Places in America use it too.
> That was a piece of paper which changed nothing.

It made the conflict the World's affair.
I'm open to believing that this is true, but some real numbers would be nice. Surely it wouldn't be a hugely invasive change to fork the Go compiler, change the stack allocation check to `return false`, and then measure the overhead of the garbage collector on real Go programs with stack allocation both enabled and disabled.
I appreciate the response, but it seems that database can be constructed with or without facial recognition because photo ID is already required. So, I ask again, why is this bad?
"Ubititum claims all of the transistors in its Universal Processor can be reused for everything; no “specialized cores” like those in CPUs and GPUs are required."

One has doubts, especially with only $3.7 million in funding so far.

I recall that Sun's MAJC processor had functional/instruction units that were generic - there weren't dedicated floating point or integer or simd units, they could all operate on any instruction.
My naive presumption is that the gas turbines do run at constant RPM, but vary the fuel use to deliver more torque and hence energy?

Maybe just wrong though :P
> We implement LuaJIT Remake (LJR), a standard-compliant Lua 5.1 VM, using Deegen. Across 44 benchmarks, LJR's interpreter is on average 179% faster than the official PUC Lua interpreter, and 31% faster than LuaJIT's interpreter. LJR's baseline JIT has negligible startup delay, and its execution performance is on average 360% faster than PUC Lua and only 33% slower (but faster on 13/44 benchmarks) than LuaJIT's optimizing JIT.

presentation by the author

Deegen: A LLVM-based Compiler-Compiler for Dynamic Languages
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5cAUX9QPj4Y

Slides https://aha.stanford.edu/sites/g/files/sbiybj20066/files/med...

Ongoing work documented here https://sillycross.github.io/ and some comments here https://lobste.rs/s/ftsowh/building_baseline_jit_for_lua

https://github.com/luajit-remake/luajit-remake
Looks like it was more a political stun than anything really wanted or useful to the population: https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jrca/15/0/15_KJ00009911... (when reading the conclusion)
What's the point of suffering everywhere if you don't enjoy it? It's not like using a better alternative prevents you from knowing how to use ls, but only in those cases where there is no better alternative
I have sacrificed my relationships with my friends and family for two decades and it hasn't helped advance my career beyond a normal, lowly IC.

I don't want to manage people. I would be the exact kind of manager that destroys my own will to live. A senior role would be nice, but because I don't have any social skills (all that time I spent learning all of the technical knowledge I have now had unforeseen consequences, specifically, my social skills and emotional restraint are significantly stunted.)

Stop using the argument that people need to make sacrifices. It's not true.
There's already `ls --hyperlink` for clickable results, but that depends on your terminal supporting the URL escape sequence.
Im as firmly in the camp believing Russia needs to ve stopped in Ukraine at all costs as you are, but stop with the genocide claims. It's so obviously not genocide that you are just crying wolf
Hypothetically you could test this by forcing your connections to avoid certain data centers... how you would do this, I'm unsure. It's been a while since I've taken a course on it but I swear CompTIA Network+ covered this
Lack of ZEV RV Chassis effectively bans RV's in 6 states by end of year
Lucy Calkins Became the Face of America's Reading Crisis
> They literally achieved higher literacy than the european settlers

Is there any hard evidence behind that claim? (Not necessarily questioning it, it would just be very fascinating to read it)
From https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=42030319 :

> "Learning quantum Hamiltonians at any temperature in polynomial time" (2024) https://arxiv.org/abs/2310.02243 re: the "relaxation technique" .. https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=40396171

>> We fully resolve this problem, giving a polynomial time algorithm for learning H to precision ϵ from polynomially many copies of the Gibbs state at any constant β>0.

>> Our main technical contribution is a new flat polynomial approximation to the exponential function, and a translation between multi-variate scalar polynomials and nested commutators. This enables us to formulate Hamiltonian learning as a polynomial system. We then show that solving a low-degree sum-of-squares relaxation of this polynomial system suffices to accurately learn the Hamiltonian.

Relaxation (iterative method)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Relaxation_(iterative_method)
More info @ https://www.kcra.com/article/california-rv-ban-dispute-motor...
> Monte Testaccio in Rome looks like a natural hill, but it’s an immense pile of broken oil amphoras (tall jars), which were used only once to prevent rancidness.

I wonder what the state of glass container production was at the time, and whether it would have been practical to sterilize and reuse.

Perhaps--like today--some things just come in disposable containers because of the trust and transport relationships (or lack thereof) between manufacturers and consumers.
I highly recommend folks read Ecclesiastes, which opens with "Everything Is Meaningless". It's a philosophical book on what matters in life (and what doesn't).

What do people gain from all their labors
at which they toil under the sun?
Generations come and generations go,
but the earth remains forever.
No one remembers the former generations,
and even those yet to come
will not be remembered
by those who follow them.
A pretty common setup is to have a public VPS/dedicated server with wireguard/openvpn hosted at some trusted company and use that as an entry/exit point. It's basically what Tailscale is (massively simplified, obviously).
SJ-100 with PD-8 already flew in 2023[0], after a year of fixing engine problems, it is about to fly again.

[0] https://viam.ru/news/8822
I wonder if it is falling back to concise mode as a means to handle load?
There's also a risk going to into management that you don't have as a much more indispensable developer. My friend is great developer who transitioned to management, then got laid off 2 years later when the company hired a bunch of Amazon layoff casualties who pushed out all the other management. All the developers under her were retained.
It's high school, and a public one at that. Cheating can be rampant in some schools or with some individuals.

What I find ridiculous is the parents are suing over a C+ vs B grade and a detention on the record. Like where do you see your cheating kid going in life that you're going to waste your resources and the district resources on this?
hehehehe, While humans have actualy gone around the earth, and seen that is in fact a sphere,which is in the only criteria for scientific proof,:ie repeatable observations by credibel humans, this is not the case for the earth orbiting the sun, as no one has gone strait out far enough to see it happen ,and it is an infered phenonimon.Science has a rubber ruler problem.
Where this is very important is in the habitual use of the most strict form of scientific proof, for things like ancient peoples crossing oceans and settling continents.....leaving there mark thereupon