skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
How many more bits of evidence do we need to acknowledge that in the war between culture and counter-culture, culture lost.
Memory like HBM uses stacking of silicon layers, but NAND flash isn't layers of silicon, it's other materials for capturing and holding charge with still just one silicon plane it's all built on top of I believe.
Come on ya'll now, let's be real
Some jokers got a rough time keepin' it concealed
I wonder what it mean, it's probably self-esteem
They fiendin to be seen, get hemmed like Gabardines
Cats think it can't happen until the gats start clappin
They comin' down the wire spittin fire like a dragon
Cause while the goods glisten, certain eyes take position
To observe your trickin', then catch that ass slippin'
Like, come on now ock, what you expect?
Got a month's paycheck danglin' off your neck
And while you Cristal sippin', they rubbin' up they mittens
With heat in mint condition to start the getti-gettin'
This is basically the intent of the structure of the US government.

High degree of separation of powers (unlike most other democracies, the executive is separate from the legislative and there are two independent legislative bodies). High level of agreement across multiple bodies before a law can be passed (House, Senate and President).

I thought Scalia's explanation was a good one: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ggz_gd--UO0
Kubernetes is so easy that you only need two or three dedicated full-time employees to keep the mountains of YAML from collapsing in on themselves before cutting costs and outsourcing your cluster management to someone else.

Sure, it can be easy, just pick one of the many cloud providers that fix all the complicated parts for you. Though, when you do that, expect to pay extra for the privilege, and maybe take a look at the much easier proprietary alternatives. In theory the entire thing is portable enough that you can just switch hosting providers, in practice you're never going to be able to do that without seriously rewriting part of your stack anyway.

The worst part is that the mountains of YAML were never supposed to be written by humans anyway, they're readable configuration your tooling is supposed to generate for you. You still need your bash scripts and your complicated deployment strategies, but rather than using them directly you're supposed to compile them into YAML first.

Kubernetes is nice and all but it's not worth the effort for the vast majority of websites and services. WordPress works just fine without automatic replication and end-to-end microservice TLS encryption.
The Physics of Sailing (2008)
AST Spacemobile has contracts with ATT and Verizon to do the same

so just wait
[Public] Benefit Corporations¹ are this weird sort of in-between between a non-profit and a regular corporation. My first encounter with this was the benefit corp that was set up for This American Life and Serial (although the latter is now owned by the New York Times) and after reading a whole bunch, it’s still not entirely clear to me what it means. Everything I’ve seen talks about transitioning from a non-benefit corp to a benefit corp, I don’t know if the concept is old enough for the reverse to have ever happened.

⸻

1. Whether it’s called a “benefit corporation” or “public benefit corporation” apparently depends on the state, and not all states have laws to allow them to be established.
As long as content is authored by the administrator of the server, I don't see where there is a security issue.

It's like if you point to your own Apache server in your own domain where you host a scam page and say there's a security issue with Apache because you could do that.

Or are you saying that you can make this person's server serve third-party content?
I meant to post the tweet that this tweet is responding to:
https://x.com/PalmerLuckey/status/1860524784498647307

HN doesn't allow me to update the URL or delete this post, so I changed the title of this post to deleted and made a new post:
https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=42233102
Ask HN: How are LLMs getting smarter beyond just scaling?
I have a question for those who deeply understand LLMs.

From what I understand, the leap from GPT-2 to GPT-3 was mostly about scaling - more compute, more data. GPT-3 to 4 probably followed the same path.

But in the year and a half since GPT-4, LLMs have gotten significantly better, especially the smaller ones. I'm consistently impressed by models like Claude 3.5 Sonnet, despite us supposedly reaching scaling limits.

What's driving these improvements? Is it thousands of small optimizations in data cleaning, training, and prompting? Or am I just deep enough in tech now that I'm noticing subtle changes more?
Really curious to hear from people who understand the technical internals here.
Yes, but the people just cannot comprehend the complexity of it. Even my academic professor for my FYP back when was an undergrad, now he reverted back to Docker Compose, citing the integration is so convoluted that developing for it is very difficult. That's why I'm aiming to cut down the complexity of Kubernetes with a low-friction, turnkey solution, but I guess the angel investors in Hong Kong aren't buying into it yet. I'm still aiming to try again after 2 years when I can at least get an MVP that is complete though (I don't like to present imperfect stuff, either you just have the idea or you give me the full product and not half baked shit)
> The researchers also had to carefully warm up the mixture for several hours before slowly cooling it back down to make sure it was the right consistency.

Always got to let the nano-gluten relax.

I hope they used phosphor bronze extruding electrostatic fields. The sauce needs the rough edges to coat.
> Machine learning and Optimization-guided Compilers for Heterogeneous Architectures (MOCHA) seeks to build a new generation of compiler technology to realize the full potential performance of heterogenous architectures. MOCHA will develop data-driven methods, Machine Learning, and advanced optimization techniques to rapidly adapt to new hardware components with little human effort and facilitate optimal allocation of computation to heterogeneous components.

Slides: https://www.darpa.mil/attachments/MOCHA%20Proposers%20Day%20...
Just because there's cell reception, doesn't mean they won't still have no-rescue zones.

What it would allow however is you to get in-touch with family to come get you should the need arise.
He has killed over 5.99 million Jews?
They're building a large carwash facility near me and have taken over a year to get to the point of putting the roofs onto some steel framed sheds. I constantly think of the time when we were able to build the Empire State Building in 13 months.
It absolutely does. You might think it would just mean more lines, but that means your functions are longer so you have to break them up more, which means there's a hard limit on how big a coherent thing you can build. If you think it wouldn't matter, try limiting yourself to 60 or 40 character lines in a codebase and see how much it changes.
They have a general metric for it:

> An ad is counted as viewable if at least 50% of its area is visible for at least 1 second for display ads, or at least 2 seconds for video ads.

https://support.google.com/google-ads/answer/7029393?hl=en
RISC-V: A US Open-Source Chip Architecture's Role in China's Ambitions
F# syntax improves on this I think. But why is the article so short? It ends abruptly
Do you just Ku band radiation?
I don’t think scale is the only consideration for using Kubernetes. The ops overhead in managing traditional infrastructure, especially if you’re a large enterprise, drops massively if you really buy into cloud native. Kubernetes converges application orchestration, job scheduling, scaling, monitoring/observability, networking, load balancing, certificate management, storage management, compute provisioning - and more. In a typical enterprise, doing all this requires multiple teams. Changes are request driven and take forever. Operating systems need to be patched. This all happens after hours and costs time and money. When properly implemented and backed by the right level of stakeholder, I’ve seen orgs move to business day maintenance, while gaining the confidence to release during peak times. It’s not just about scale, it’s about converging traditional infra practices into a single, declarative and eventually consistent platform that handles it all for you.
Given that MIT was involved, she should thank her lucky stars that she didn’t get the Aaron Swartz level of support. You know, where MIT buys the bus, runs you over, and drags you around for days.
In-depth response appreciated.

(I did listen to the full interview, and most of those points stood out to me as well.)
It's even deeper than that.

In essence, the view is that Ukraine as such never really existed as a coherent society or country, anyway.

So how can it have the agency to decide the integrate with the EU, or to form other alliances?

See also: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=42232758
Very cool.

For future me: https://github.com/Shopify/toxiproxy
We can debate the role of subsidies and carbon emissions, but framing agriculture as if it's uniquely nefarious misses the critical point that we all need to eat.

The industry isn't "choosing carbon" but rather it's responding to the immense challenge of feeding billions affordably while dealing with slim margins and unpredictable conditions. Adjustments require viable, scalable alternatives, not just finger-wagging.

I think we focus on supporting innovation rather than vilifying an essential industry.
Substitute homosexuality, being transgender, or whatever you'd like.
When GDPR was first going through the public circuit I remember reading the proposed laws and being pleasantly surprised to find that they specifically called out and forbade the likely workarounds, including the obnoxious banners we now see everywhere.

I would love to know what happened. Did the laws get "revised" to re-open the loophole? Was superseding legislation passed? Did the courts reject it? Are there enforcement issues?
This one?

http://xahlee.org/Periodic_dosage_dir/las_vegas/20031015_cop...

Found it via Google
The more I used ocaml the more I found beauty in the syntax. It’s very ergonomic in many ways:

1. It’s whitespace insensitive, which means I can code something up really messy and the code formatted will automatically fix it up for me.

2. In general there aren’t a ton of punctuation characters that are very common, which is great for typing ergonomics. Don’t get me wrong, there are still a lot of symbols, but I feel compared to some languages such as Rust, they’re used a lot less.

Beyond the syntax, there are a couple of things I really like about the language itself:

1. Due to the way the language is scoped, whenever you encounter a variable you don’t recognize, you simply have to search in the up direction to find its definition, unless it’s explicitly marked as “rec”. This is helpful if you’re browsing code without any IDE tooling, there’s less guessing involved in finding where things are defined. Downside: if the “open” keyword is used to put all of a module’s values in scope, you’re usually gonna have a bad time.

2. The core language is very simple; in general there are three kinds of things that matter: values, types, and modules. All values have a type, and all values and types are defined in modules.

3. It’s very easy to nest let bindings in order to help localize the scope of intermediate values.

4. It has a very fast compiler with separate compilation. The dev cycle is usually very tight (oftentimes practically instantaneous).

5. Most of the language encourages good practice through sane defaults, but accessing escape hatches to do “dirty” things is very easy to do.

6. The compiler has some restrictions which may seem arcane, such as the value restriction and weak type variables, but they are valuable in preventing you from shooting yourself in the foot, and they enable some other useful features of the language such as local mutation.
I wasn’t counting anyone out, but Kazakhstan is comprised mostly of Kazakhs.
Besides the fact that shell scripts aren't scalable (in terms of horizontal scalability like actor model), I would also like to point out that shell scripts should be simple, but if you want to handle something that big, you essentially and definitely is using it as a programming language in disguise -- not ideal and I would like to go Go or Rust instead.
Managing Large-Scale Redis Clusters on K8s – Kuaishou's Approach
What's to get? It's an unsupported claim with substantial counterexamples in the form of every large C++ project. If everyone in the world gets RAII wrong then it doesn't matter what it's theoretically capable of.
I click no to all of them, but it would be really nice if the Do-Not-Track header essentially let you pick in advance — for you (0) or for me (1)
It is, however worth at least considering restrictions on continuously following a person in public places and reporting all their observed activities to a third party.

Of course there are practical limitations on that kind of physical surveillance. It's expensive, tends to attract attention, and even nation states can only do it to a few people at a time. Information technology allows it to scale to almost everyone, almost all the time, for a small fraction of a corporate budget.

Perhaps it's worth at least considering restrictions on that.
You might like Scala. It has much of the good parts of OCaml or F#, but also lets you write imperative code freely when you want. The `for`/`yield` syntax for async is very nice IMO, or you can write Javascript-like promise chaining directly if you want.
The point of the WireGuard design is to be agnostic to "upper-layer" concerns like this; it's a fast (optionally) kernel-resident secure transport that you can build whatever you'd like on top of. WireGuard isn't about RBAC and doesn't have a "don't do RBAC" position.
So kids are not human and can't decide they don't like being told what to do?
>>Through all of this, don't get me wrong, the rigorous application of rationality

Much of this is just talking to oneself and testing it to see if our idea holds under test conditions.

I was once watching a video on how chess grandmasters think and work. Most of it is-

1. Do we know a pattern of moves, even if done, in series that is known to score some win/check. If so, lets do it.

2. Are any pieces under attack, If gone can effect point 1. eventually? If yes, lets protect them.

3. What can all possible moves of our pieces prevent opponent from having successfully execute their own point 1. And can we force opponent into point 2? Lets do it.

Basically every our move and its possible outcomes(Known through prior study of patterns of previous games seen), every move of our opponent.

A strong internal monologue and testing imaginary moves.

Math is just this except over paper.
It's not just checkbox features that matter, it's also the entire algorithm and who is allowed to have their posts gain organic traction. X actively penalizes high quality information, and pushes misinformation in an attempt to become an echo chamber.

If you want to find your colleauges' posts, if you want to find high quality information, if you want good links to long articles, X is no longer the place to be.

If you want to have click-bait and rage-bait or lots of right-wing politics, X will cater to your needs. But it won't cater to somebody that's trying to get to highly-curated high-signal information networks that Twitter allowed in the past. That's all been actively destroyed, with great intention.
Good post. Saved to cite the next time that someone in code review asks me to breakup a large function that is a series of linear steps that won’t be reused.
"Always" is just 4 years? Lc is also one of these new tools

> more likely to just submit PRs and make such stuff built-in but maybe optional.

Which are more likely to just be rejected by the more conservative maintainers of the tool. That's the empowering beauty of plugins - no such barriers
I have, happens around 6 AM. They get all the generators started up, power tools and full power. All the heavy machinery at full throttle. A cacaphonous 6AM salute to the internal combustion engine. Old Zeke fills his truckbed full of rusty nails and drives aggressively around the neighborhood dropping this way and that. Well, not old Zeke nowadays, more like Senor Ramirez Carloz Gonzalez.

Question is, if it's 6 AM at a construction site, and nobody is around to hear it, do they make any noise?
> In the past this at-cost dealing would have been considered monopolistic enough to force divestment

I guess we'll see what happens.

As with most things monopoly related, the critical fight is over how to appropriately define the market. Presumably SpaceX would argue that Starlink is an ISP and that it just happens to use satellites to deliver its service.

And if that doesn't work, then it's a satellite internet provider, but competes with both LEO and GEO services.

If it ever goes to court, it'll be interesting to see how such an argument holds up.
Lets cool down a bit. Falcon 9 launches cost much more then 'just the fuel'. Estimated launch price is still 10-20 million $. The Upper stage is an expensive thing to build. Operations cost are also not that low. Fuel cost are only like a couple 100k$.

China is deftly building something. Russia doesn't have a snowball chance in hell of building something like Starlink.
I think the article is pretty interesting. There are so many more interesting takes than just another boring Hacker News moan about Google.
This is anectotal but I've a friend who's well educated senior chip design engineer who's mother tongue Chinese but cannot read the written words since he has no background in Chinese vernacular education where people properly learn the multitudes of Chinese characters.
Does anyone need a fine-tuned model from an ex-OpenAI, ex-Anthropic researcher?
I'm currently working on my startup to automatically fine-tune small models for companies. Just provide your prompt and I'll fine-tune a super fast and cheap model tailored to your business needs, ensuring quality equal to or better than current state-of-the-art models.
If you're interested, let's talk.
This is the American model of anti-trust, very much not the European model (which explicitly targets competition for its own sake even when consumers are not harmed by the monopolistic behavior).
Our city released a public GIS map and I no longer eat/drink from leaded homes/businesses (like 5% of city addresses, mostly in older neighborhoods).
Unless you're old, then you get to keep your shoes. Only young people's shoes explode. It's science.
Fair enough but why not just say the much larger other size they specifically mentioned. It's not about it being bigger than 700km but about it being enormously bigger (bearing in mind how volume expands cubed) to a specific size they also name.

Anyhow, sparked me into really thinking about all this again and the link you added was wonderful for that.
Hermaphroditism is an "exception proves the rule" kind of thing - they are not a third sex, and I don't think the "two genders" crowd hates intersex people or even men who claim to be women, but they do probably hate people who claim that it's bigotry to say sex is a binary.
> if a block device stalls badly

That's really the issue at heart, because I've seen these on zfs as well... but you'd think the filesystem would report some progress to keep bumping the timer so it doesn't start spamming dmesg. /shrug
The actual author is one person, user '5225225'
You didn't really have people posting from their prepaid phones 10 years ago. Old internet users were a select group.
China is very good at copying things but this is one they'll have trouble with given the strict employment requirements.
Much like Javascript, the problem isn't Kubernetes, its the zillions of half-tested open-source libraries that promise to make things easier but actually completely obfuscate what the system is doing while injecting fantastic amounts of bugs.
not OP, but how about some technology innovation instead of governance and taxation? the effect of taxing farmers as though they were some kind of vanity industry will be similar to what nationalizing farms has done in prior schemes like this.

it creates a national dependency on imported food from countries that do not bankrupt their farmers, and suddenly (shocked!) the entire Danish food supply crosses the borders to arrive and is then subject to federal management. this latter case is of course the purpose, and climate change is merely a pretext. I hope european farmers are able to organize a revolt.
>Just in terms of land-use, livestock is several times less efficient than other kinds of agriculture for the same food output.

This assumes that the land is equally usable for both activities. Many times, it isn't: a lot of land that's good enough for grazing cows doesn't have enough water available for growing plants that people want to (or can) eat. People can't eat grass.

This probably isn't an issue in Denmark, but in many other places it is.
I have no problem with cliques by way of freedom of association. But we have tried running society through cliques, and in all cases, what you end up with are variations of the mafia or worse.
And not that remote.

Internet provision not all that far out of major Australian cities can be abysmal. I'm only 30 minutes drive from the centre of Perth and my options are currently 5G (operating at about 4Mbit), Wireless Broadband (performance promise - the download speed will reach 25Mbit at least once in any given 24 hour period!) or Starlink, at a pretty stable 120/20.

I'd love to not have to pay for it, to use what local/national companies can provide, but so far nothing comes close.

I am informed that the wireless system is due to be upgraded to support much higher speeds, but that was supposed to happen this year and there's not a lot of this year left.
Why is it named after a Tom Cochrane / Red Rider song?
The reminds me of a few Thai colleagues who ended up with a legal first name of "Mr." (period included), probably as a result of this.

Buying them plane tickets to attend meetings and so on proved fairly difficult.
I'm giggling at the idea you'd need Kubernetes for a mere two servers. We don't run any application with less than two instances for redundancy.

We've just never seen the need for Kubernetes. We're not against it as much as the need to replace our working setup just never arrived. We run EC2 instances with a setup shell script under 50loc. We autoscale up to 40-50 web servers at peak load of a little over 100k concurrent users.

Different strokes for different folks but moreso if it ain't broke, don't fix it
There is a huge difference between "frank" and "abusive."

One does not need to be abusive to "tell it like it is" (the most common phrase I heard people utter in defense of Linus's abhorrent behavior toward developers.)

Linus was a bully who let authoring the Linux kernel go to his head and inflate his ego.
Sounds a bit like The Silmarillion by JRR Tolkein. If you finish reading LotR and then try to read this book, you'll be in for a rude awakening.
>> "That's not a hair question, I'm sorry."

>> Reporter: "Are you afraid that if... uh... you go to prison, you'll get your hair cut?"

>> "Umm. That's a very good question. I think... I think... the laws in this country are still pretty comfy as to... as to that. I think there will... whatever happens, I feel like my hair is safe at the moment. So, any other hair questions are definitely welcome."

This reporter got the assignment.

Also, what balls to be charged with trumped up terrorism charges and stand your ground on the "This is ridiculous, so we're going to be ridiculous" front in the face of reporters trying to make it seem like This Is No Laughing Matter.