skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
From the article:

> Even if the results show conclusively that processing, and not just nutrients, leads to poor health, policymakers will face another difficulty: the definition of upfs remains woolly. The Nova classification has no tolerance at all for artificial ingredients. The mere presence of a chemical additive classifies a food as a upf, regardless of the amount. This can lead to confusing health outcomes—a recent observational study from Harvard University, for example, found that whereas some upfs, such as sweetened drinks and processed meats, were associated with a higher risk of heart disease, others, like breakfast cereals, bread and yogurt, were instead linked to lower risks for cardiovascular disease. Dr Astrup warns that the current classification risks “demonising” a lot of healthy food. Insights from Dr Hall’s work could therefore help refine the understanding of upfs, paving the way for more balanced and useful guidelines.

This to me is the most damning evidence against the current classification of 'ultra-processed foods' being absolutely, totally worthless. I look forward to the study noted in the article comparing high-density vs. hyper-palatable. I strongly suspect the study will show its a combinatorial effect... but we'll see.
Is there even a proven causal link? It could just be another case of "poor people do thing X, and poor people have higher mortality".
Looking at the amount of processed food available in Japan, it is hard to think it is just the processed food that is to blame.

I think it is a cheap observation, such that I expect people to push back on me, but it is hard to ignore portion sizes. Will try and take a dive on some of the data around that. But a personal level, it is hard to grapple with the fact that I just got less food per place that I went.

And it is frustrating, as getting the food, I would want a large burger/sandwhich/whatever. But waiting a small amount of time after a small snack/meal works.
Guix User and Contributor Survey
The end of the article gets the point. The problem isn't that food is processed; the problem is that extremely processed foods are much harder to moderate yourself on and present a much, much more appealing food to overeat on, which in turn causes health problems and is why so many people are so fat, along with other factors like people being lonely and depressed, and food being a quick and cheap way to make yourself happy, the broad availability of unhealthy food and the sometimes restricted availability of healthy food, the fact that people are too damn busy to find time in their schedules to prepare their own food, etc. etc.

Which itself ties into other systemic incentives. Processed food is shelf stable, fresh often is not, so it's friendlier to logistical systems that deliver everything we eat, which means less of it gets wasted, which means the prices are lower and availability is virtually guaranteed. Put simply: it is far easier and more profitable to ship, stock, and sell potato chips than it is to sell potatoes, and because everything in our system is profit driven, the better things map onto that, the more they occur. Ergo we're drowning in potato chips and still starving.
Excessively editorialized headline for the post to the point of trying to make the opposite point as the original.
Isn't that the value GitLab is trying to provide?
I think this would violate the second commandment of the Decalogue.
So even beyond the factors in the article (calorie density and hyper-palatability) there's other contributing factors in processed food. First of all, the processing itself introduces several factors: mechanical and heat energy changing the structure (but not composition) of the food, usually into smaller particle sizes; and the potential introduction of new contaminants - one that has been discussed before is lithium grease[1].

The other thing that processed food does, partially discussed in the article, is sit on shelves much longer. I wonder whether we've detected the acute effects of spoilage (e.g. food-borne illness) but missed some chronic effect.

[1]: https://slimemoldtimemold.com/2024/07/27/lithium-hypothesis-...
For this one however this seems to be the case? The wording of the article isn't crystal clear, but it looks like the cops took control of the servers, and decrypted messages from there. So either the messages weren't truly end-to-end encrypted, or the encryption truly was broken.
> It's what people say when they don't have a rebuttal

Only I have a rebuttal, and came with receipts from Eurostat. So what exactly are you trying to argue?

> But the main cause of inflation is printing of money, especially when you introduce such a large amount in such a short time.

The original premise (which is still in bad faith, however much you dislike that part) was that money printing was the main cause. And this is fundamentally and provably wrong (check my comment upthread, Eurostat inflation per sector with the timeline). Inflation was kickstarted by energy inflation which coincides with the Russian invasion.

Did money printing contribute? Of course. Did Russia's invasion of Ukraine and all the issues it brought in energy prices and food prices? Of course. Did the Houthis contribute with their attacks disturbing supply chains? Probably. Did Covid contribute with all the supply chain issues it caused? Of course.

Trying to pin it solely or mostly on one single reason, especially when it is a global phenomenon that many countries suffered from regardless of their exact specifics (e.g. Sweden's monetary policy was not the same as the EUs nor Canada's, yet they all suffered from serious inflation) is arguing in bad faith. It's so trivially provably wrong, it's not even funny entertaining people who are wrong.
Olive oil, steel cut oats, and dried beans, are processed. It's to differentiate from things like Coca-Cola or TV dinners.
Just as a side note/for info, there’s a specific definition (I think by the FAO?) used for them. The tldr is that when you’re extracting/reacting something to use as an ingredient (eg hydrogenated oil), it becomes ultra processed.
There have been experiments that control for portion size, processed food still spikes glucose more, etc.
Seems pretty obvious to me. Humans didn't have factories until a couple hundred years ago.

This means we are not adapted to factory made food.

This entire debate is hilariously overcomplicated by smarty pants "show me the study" or "aren't cooked carrots processed?" types.

40-60% of nutritional studies cannot be replicated. It's called the "replication crisis". Google it.

Rules of thumb are greatly underrated on HN. Here's one: if it couldn't be made outside of a factory, don't eat it.
If it didn't mean anything then why the findings in the article?
> With Go you need to specifically check the errors and intentionally decide what to do, do you handle it right there or do you bubble it upwards.

Is this really all that interesting or worth the LOC spent on error handling when 99.9999% of the time in practice it’s just bubbled up?

And any “context” added is just string wrapping. Approximately nobody types golang errors in a way that lets you programmatically know what went wrong, to be able to fix it in-line.

I think I would be more empathetic to the arguments defending golang here if I’d ever worked or seen a project where people actually handled errors instead of spending 2/3 of their time writing code that just punts on any error.
I agree it leaves a lot to be desired but i wouldn't say it's totally worthless. It's clearly identifying something and even a poorly understood adherence to avoiding UPFs would likely make the average person healthier. Overall though we obviously need to come up with better terms for this
This is all well and good until the company looses real money becaus some other system you are interfacing with got compromised because of your attitude and fingers start being pointed. Defense in depth is a thing.
Is that what people would have called it back then? I don't remember using the term internet until much later. Back then, you dialed into the computer system you were trying to access. Dialing into an ISP that allowed you to connect to anything wasn't until later, at least in my part of the world. Once ISPs started sharing/peering with other networks was what I considered internet. The old way was essentially what we now replicate with VPNs to connect to a specific network via the internet. What was old is new again
TLDR: According to the article, people eat more calories when they eat ultra-processed foods. The reason is unknown, one possibility is more calories per bite as manufacturers remove water and some other ingredients during processing.

Overall, a pretty underwhelming article. Not surprising, unfortunately -- I have been subscribing to the Economist for over 15 years since late 1990s until the slow erosion of quality made me drop it.
My guess is water. Natural foods have a lot of water compared to processed foods.

Consider dried fruit. Quite minimally process wouldn't you say? Yet as snackable as candy.
It bothers me too, in the same fashion as “click here”. Instead, we should prefer e.g.

At the beginning of the year, I wrote a bunch of articles on the various tricks (_below 1MB_, _above 1 MB_, and _with GNU JMP_)

Just describe the content you’re linking to. You know best as the author!
New 2B vision language model that consumes the least memory
I sometimes wonder if there are lessons from British period of WWII rationing.
Huge numbers of people were enabled to have for free the right amount of nutrients instead of the malnourishment of the 1920s/30s. And millions more found it hard to get the excess sugars and fats.

If we created a new rationing, with no processed foods, feeding the whole population what would happen tomorrow and in ten years?

Imagine how unpopular the Prime Minister who started this would be.
Then imagine ten years later when he would be the guy that got millions of people thinner, fitter and having more sex (I am told that’s what thinner fitter people do!)

Imagine that election :-)
Click on the question mark at top left twice. Helped on iPhone
PSA: Microsoft may be training on your private data without your knowledge
I honestly think stress and work obsession along with sedentary lifestyles has a lot more to do with anything health related than ultra processed foods.
Looks super neat! Just a small question: Why did you chose the name Try instead of Result?
I just seriously wanna praise, first without commentary, that you just said
>other opinions and fears are not invalid

And then for commentary:
I'm the sort of person "intense" enough that I'd want to pounce even on your comment about not bringing up trump, but that overall phrasing was such a perfect way to communicate what you mean, and your good intentions, to me when you at first read (to me) as apologist and unwarrantedly dismissive.

That's all, often in these times it feels hard to even achieve this basic level of communication across personal and political differences. I really admire it.
> intellectually more satisfying than the “fallen world” idea which just leads to more questions, and it remains compatible with mainstream Christian doctrine.

Doesn't mainstream Christian doctrine say that we're in a fallen world? Isn't that bit about "by Adam's sin we all sinned" (I'm forgetting the rhyme) a pretty central part of the catechism? (basically Romans 5:12)

Now as to God creating a universe in which a fall like that could occur (one that emphasizes free will), is that perhaps what Leibniz was addressing?
I always take "Nobody knows!" "Nobody could have predicted!" as a warning for either something really dumb, biased, or uneducated take is about to follow.
The jump from a Brazilian doctor classifiying food to a British study tracking consumption under that classification, to end on a US study with 20 adults, waiting for another one with 36 members ending next year, kinda illustrate how hard it is to come with relevant data.

And now that we've more and more ultra-processed diet food, we'll need a few more decades to have an idea of their actual effect at any scale.
40-60% of nutritional studies cannot be replicated.

You can't reliably draw any conclusions from them. You have to use common sense and rules of thumb.
More likely he was swayed because ACA was closer to a sure thing than anything remotely socialized.
The Christian gnostics reasoned it must have been either a lesser evil god or blind fool who created the material world.
"if it couldn't be made outside of a factory, don't eat it." i follow this as well it's a great rule. I have no idea on the internet, but in real life nobody who's ever been the smarty pants saying "aren't cooked carrots processed?" has health or a body i'm envious of
https://archive.is/098aW
Tracking Indoor Location, Movement and Desk Occupancy in the Workplace
>...people in Brazil were buying less sugar and oil than in the past. Yet rates of obesity and metabolic diseases were still rising. This coincided with the growing popularity of packaged snacks and ready-made meals, which were loaded with sugar, fats and other additives.

What. So they were buying less sugar and fat. But they were actually buying more sugar and fat?
Building something for this at surferprotocol [dot] org. Imo not every company will expose API's for easily exporting data from their platforms (linkedin, imessage, etc), so devs have to build these themselves
Are the bigger hospitals like Mayo Clinic, university medical schools and MD Anderson like this too? I've only visited Mayo Clinic for the executive checkup plan which has a fixed and upfront sticker price (I'm in Europe).
"one of the few human characteristics that hasn't been used to justify discriminations"

Of course it has. That notions like “Napoleon complex” circulate in pop culture, suggests that society broadly considers short-statured people to be somehow disadvantaged and, moreover, it can be funny when the short-statured kick against the pricks. Also, the demand that a suitable male partner ought to be over six feet tall, is absolutely widespread, both in match-seeking profiles on online-dating platforms and in dating fora where women give advice to each other. (Or, if you want to reverse the sexes, Truffaut’s gag in Baisers volés about dating a tall girl, wouldn’t work if people broadly didn’t feel that there was something weird about this.)
I mean, look at the ingredients list on most processed foods. Much higher quantities of various sugars and starches. More processed foods are rarely 1:1 ingredients compared to less processed foods...
Tags in the form project_name-v1.2.3
It has a pretty vocal user-base.
Tutankhamun's Tomb Was the Most Significant Find of the 20th Century
AIpi – Universal API client for common AI models (PHP)
Just went live - simple lightweight PHP library for interacting with common AI models, that provides universal interface.

I noticed AI models share similar principles, but they often differ in how inputs/outputs are structured, which leads using different libraries to integrate each.

Why PHP?
Despite being one of the most widely used web languages, PHP hasn't received the same level of attention in AI tooling compared to Python or JavaScript. I often found myself creating custom solutions and wrestling with documentation to make things work, so I built this to make life easier for PHP developers working with AI models.

It's designed for anyone seeking a lightweight library to connect with AI models - not heavy frameworks and packages with numerous dependencies.

Hope you find it useful! Feedback and contributions are welcome.
thanks!

> with Claude if you start having extremely long conversations I have noticed it allowing certain bugs it had already fixed to be reintroduced at much later times

i think this is a result of its inability to handle long contexts well?
avatars pictures /are/ just attachments tho?
Kafka falls back to an advertised listener, is there a performance penalty?
In Kafka it will fallback to a different advertised listener if one of them is not available. This is required for us to enable a stretched cluster (brokers on the cluster 1 try to resolve to internal address before trying external address for brokers on cluster 2, vice versa).

Would there be a significant performance penalty when setting up like this, especially if its by design?

I guess it does a nslookup, and if it fails it tries the next advertised listener in the list.
Well, it's only _over_-processed if we assume it is _bad_. A consensus does seem to be emerging that it _is_ bad, but building that right into the name seems unhelpful. And as alluded to in the article, what the point is after which something is 'over'-processed is not particularly clear.
Yes, it's entirely honest.
Proce-X'ed foods
Mathematicians develop AI to forecast market interest rates
China had a big push to promote engineering a few decades ago. A recent quote "China is the world's top producer of engineering graduates, producing around 1.4–1.5 million graduates annually, which is about one-third of the world's total." They also took over as the world's workshop making a lot of our stuff.

There was a lot of competition making things like batteries and if you look at the CEOs of the biggest battery producers there, CATL and BYD they are both very technical and near genius level. Making good batteries is probably quite hard.
One day we shall have to explain that no, wearing an onion on one's belt was never the fashion at the time.

But the 90s had many strange things, and I think I may never understand "wazzzzzzzzaaaaaaaaap" phone calls… or was that the early 00s?

And, having recently described the period as "around the turn of the century", I agree entirely with the sentiment.
I don't think e.g. 'kids' will see it like cutting a brake line.

I agree, as a former ECU programmer, though. I am terrified of drive by wire.

More like making the Google computer do silly things.

More comparable would be the prank of tying some soda tin cans in a string to the exhaust etc, in how I believe my scapegoat kids would see it.
> some other more neutral term

Nutrient dense/high calorie is probably more accurate.
Tests are about catching bugs, not playing no-true-Scotsman about what is or is not “unit test-y enough” to be a valid test.
It's cooler than that these days - under the paint are antennas plated? printed? onto the skin panels that are tuned to absorb specific frequencies of interest.
According to the BBC Inside Health podcast I recently listened to they are often bad for you because the processing removes fibre and vitamins and also makes sugars more available. And that to make them int4eresting enough to eat excess salt is added.
yes, o1 def. seems to have a deeper 'understanding'
There's are several third party Google backup services for the paranoid...
The US is under no moral obligation to keep the healthcare of other nations in a solvent state.
> The parents are a bunch of professionals, virtually nobody doing anything else, and most kids went to private primaries + got tutored. We must have left some poor but capable kids in the wrong school.

The idea that the school you go to matters for your career seems unsupported by evidence (outside of consulting, law, medicine and investment banking). Most people don't go to ivy league schools (by definition). Looking around at senior leaders at most of the tech companies I have worked at, very few of them are Ivy leaguers. The Ivy League has a really great brand but the impact is overblown imho.
> Later still, in an effort to cash in on the popularity of skin diseases the language is renamed ECMAScript.

It does spread like a disease, though. /s
haven't tried aider. looks interesting
> No, customers care about the safety of their vehicles.

Yes. But safety is a spectrum, and is denominated in inconvenience against perceived expected loss - perceived, because people round the loss down to 0 when they feel like it won't happen to them.

See: how many people don't fasten their seat belts, or hold a phone in their hand while driving, despite both being highly dangerous to life, limb and wallet, and against huge social and regulatory pressure.

See also: how many people ignore or tape over error lights on the dashboard; how many people don't repair stuff until absolutely necessary.

See also: how many people try to bribe their way through yearly inspections, and would happily skip them entirely if the law didn't force them.

So it's like GP said: people mostly care about how much time and money they're going to waste on the newly discovered problem. A recall involving the car being physically taken to manufacturer is hugely disturbing, possibly very costly (it's not like most people drive for fun). A recall involving an OTA update? That's "just another auto-update ¯\_(ツ)_/¯". Most people won't even notice it happening.

Putting the two types of "recall" in the same class is, from regular person's POV, deception through equivocation.
Promptic – the "requests" of LLM app development
Hi HN!

Many libraries have been written in Python to build LLM applications, but none of them suited my needs. I wanted something straightforward that would get out of my way, like "requests" did for HTTP.

I've been using Promptic for all my LLM projects over the past several months, and I've continued to refine it. It's now at a point where I feel good about sharing it with you all.

I hope you find it as fun and productive to use as I do!

---

Promptic: 90% of what you need for LLM app development. Nothing you don't.

Promptic aims to be the "requests" of LLM development -- the most productive and Pythonic way to build LLM applications. It leverages LiteLLM, so you're never locked in to an LLM provider and can switch to the latest and greatest with a single line of code. Promptic gets out of your way so you can focus entirely on building features.

“Perfection is attained, not when there is nothing more to add, but when there is nothing more to take away.”

At a glance
Type-safe structured outputs with Pydantic
Easy-to-build agents with function calling
Streaming support for real-time responses
Built-in conversation memory
Error handling and retries
Extensible state management
curious what you meant by a knowledge system. thanks
that depends so much on the kind of asteroid i thought.
I believe these are used for laser and light experiments on an optical bench - a heavy desk with a pegboard-like top surface that holds lolipop-like lenses on sticks. Thorlabs is the Sigma-Aldrich or McMaster-Carr, or, Adobe, of the field.
Is 4hww 4 hour work week, the book, that you’re referring to? It’s a good quote!
"Nothing someone says before the word 'but' really counts".
One becomes a WG21 member.
I've Been Thinking About a Switch to the Fairphone 5
To be honest, I would do the same.

If it’s a good idea, maybe the only difference between It’s succeeding or fail is the team executing it.

So in order to maximize the outcome, you double the bet and it’s even better than have someone doing it outside your control
I'm not holding my breath for AI enabling someone with no tech background to get encryption right.
A Chinese lab claims it has created an MCU "invulnerable" to external attacks
The polar plot at the end would be useful if there were plots for other cars and trucks to compare to. I'm assuming that it's a simulation?
It absolutely does if you're able to take off the pedantry glasses for like 5 seconds. Why are you nitpicking this? is it because you actually think articles like this are about chopping carrots?

"if it couldn't be made outside of a factory, don't eat it."

from someone else in the comments is pretty clear
The bailout allowed the government to impose strict conditions on GM that benefited the UAW and which they wouldn’t have gotten in a bankruptcy.
Are his words untrue or just disliked?
I have small kids, so at the moment I'm a "whenever I have 5-10 quiet minutes" at a time person.

But I remember that I used to be an evening person. And what I remember is that in the evening things got quiet in my head. Yes, usually "emotional" things happened during the day, but after 8-9 PM I had a boost of clarity and could get some difficult tasks.