skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
The Problem with Passkeys https://bulwark.id/blog/problem-with-passkeys https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=35496213

There’s a big problem with Apple and Google’s plans to nix passwords https://www.fastcompany.com/90755838/theres-a-big-problem-wi...

Passkeys: A Shattered Dream https://fy.blackhats.net.au/blog/2024-04-26-passkeys-a-shatt... https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=40165998
Indeed. Intel has recently implemented it in a low-cost CPU SoC: "in-band ECC".

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=41090956

But you not only loose some capacity. Some bandwidth is also lost. And perhaps even some CPU cycles, since likely in-band ECC hasn't been implemented purely in a hard IP-block.
> I'd like to know how anyone with an ounce of reality thinks we're going to reduce emissions substantially faster than we already are.

Depends on what you mean by "ounce of reality".

In reality, there's little that can be currently done mainly because of political policy. That's unlikely to change.

But, assuming policy could be changed, then there is actually quite a bit that could reduce emissions substantially much faster. Carbon taxes, better policies around railways (perhaps nationalizing and expanding ala india), more subsidies for renewable generation and battery production (perhaps funded by carbon taxes?). Stronger regulations on private vehicles (perhaps ban personal private ownership of large trucks and suvs?). But also trade deals and modernization efforts/investments with lagging countries to help them develop carbon free economies.

Now, I don't think policy change is likely. I do however think there are quiet a few policies that could significantly drive change faster than it is already going.
Stop working on increasing road safety
The horrors! I stand corrected. :(
Is there enough left?
Economically taxation would be the solution.

But the Carbon Tax credits/handling shows that we aren’t grown up enough to handle taxes properly.
This is about spending to replace CO2 emitting technologies in electricity production, transport and housing to net-zero sources.

I recall the report mentioned that societies already spend more in GDP per year to adapt to climate change (e.g. building more AC units) than it would cost to mitigate climate change.
I don't know the exact reasons why Vikram didn't get a fission reactor. But I can assume from similar missions:

1. Solar is pretty good as far as Mars and it gets worse as it travel further from the Sun. This is why most probes that travel past Mars need a nuclear reactor (Voyager, Pioneer, Cassini, etc). Going closer to the sun they get even better

2. Sending radioactive materials on rockets presents a risk and it is avoided if possible, lunar probes are usually cheaper and can still benefit from solar, so no need for nuclear. Imagine throwing plutonium in the atmosphere in the case of an accident

3. Nuclear reactors in probes are small and rely on decay radiation, they _usually_ have pretty small powet output, solar has a lot

4. And last but not least, price, solar is much cheaper than nuclear
Dead in 14 days? Was there a miscalculation that lead them to believe they could make one full night?
I would expect a mindful trade-off against total system mass and cost.
Sure!

First, the nuclear power source is a giant hunk of plutonium. It is expensive to get, dangerous to use, and due to concerns about further refinement, is restricted internationally.

Second, it is toxic inherently — the source is continuously radioactive at a hazardous level to humans, plutonium itself has acute and long-term toxic effects aside from the radioactivity, and if a launch fails, the rtg will disintegrate and poison hundreds of miles (see Kosmos 954, which disintegrated over Canada)

Third, it is HEAVY. They produce 40W per kilogram. Solar panels produce three times that much on Mars, and can be folded compact for launch.

Voyager used an RTG because its planned mission took it far beyond where sunlight can generate power, and it could do so because it had the budget of NASA and plutonium from the Department of Energy.

Solar panels are way cheaper, lighter, easier to procure, easier to launch, and tend not to cause international incidents.
> For any locked door, you need more than one key and they should be independent. If you have independence, they serve as backups for each other.

For any locked door, you need a key for day-to-day use; beyond that, you need to know a way to contact a locksmith or how to use a crowbar yourself, and have a way to eventually prove you're authorized to access what's behind those doors.

All those real-world analogies in crypto tend to miss one critical thing: in real world, things break, and people make mistakes, so for any security system, there exist ways to recover from failure or mistakes, and ways to recover from failures to recover, and so on.

Yes, this means you may spend a couple hours talking to the police afterwards, but you won't be forced to camp outside of your apartment on a cold winter night, because you've left your keys at work.
I recently came across the notion that you need inductive data types (and can't just use Church encodings) if you want to do theorem proving, like proving that `0 != 1`.

I threw up some content up here: https://intellec7.notion.site/Drinking-SICP-hatorade-and-why... , along with an unrelated criticism of SICP.

I'd like to better understand what the limitations are of "everything is just a function".
+ you need to pair that with immutable, otherwise you are still sending validation requests each reload time, so you are doing more than one HTTP request.
Adept at touch typing? Want to go insane? Try the latest toggle switch keyboard
DRY fanaticism is just as bad as not thinking about DRY at all
I disagree. If anything, a YC-funded company will get us out of this mess.
> One person's individual change is a drop of water in the ocean when compared to the vast amount of emissions and pollution and waste produced at scale by corporations.

With emphasis on "One".

There's 8 billion of us; our diets have varied environmental impacts; and collectively agriculture is, though not the biggest problem, a big enough problem that we can't solve climate change without also fixing it.

https://ourworldindata.org/emissions-by-sector

Also, the problem with framing it as the fault of corporations, is that the corporations do what they do in response to demand.

And the laws come with costs: this is a perennial issue during elections and "over-regulation" has been the battle cry of UK and US conservatives for as long as I've been paying attention to politics — so sure, if I was world dictator I could make it happen (and build a global power grid for green energy, we don't even need superconductors for that), but that's not the world we live in.

Making a convincing reason for consumers to demand different things, or for business to choose sustainability just because it's cheaper, or shifting the Overton Window so the relevant laws aren't just a political football, that's hard.
Sad to say but the only way to be taken seriously and avoid military incursions/invasions is to hold nuclear weapons.

I do wonder how nuclear disarmament will continue when it looks like obtaining nuclear arms is one of the few ways to truly achieve sovereignty and not rely on the benefactors of your neighbors.

Curious if anyone has reading materials about this.
The comically named Inflation Reduction Act included a tremendous amount of money for scaling up clean tech manufacturing in the US, and it’s been getting deployed quickly. The DOE Loan Programs Office got something like $400B in loan authority. Overall, the IRA was probably the largest single bit of climate action the US govt has ever taken. Unfortunately, people mostly hear about that work when it becomes part of political football (Solyndra and Tesla both got money from the DOE LPO to help them scale up, and the political fallout from Solyndra was the first time most people had heard of it). But it’s happening.
> People need to be educated that LLMs are as trustworthy as a random page or post on the internet.

... or a Croudstrike or Microsoft patch. /s
Probably some kind of worry "but what if we spend our money coaching them... and then they leave?"

The same reason tech companies generally don't spend money training their employees, etc.
Who should be our next FDA Commissioner?
I discuss three leading contenders for FDA Commissioner who are getting a lot of attention right now, Joseph Gulfo, MD, MBA, Balaji Srinivasan, and Jim O'Neill. Among these, my favorite is Dr. Gulfo, although I see a very strong case for Balaji as well.
Did you miss the part where the OP was proposing to basically rob the poor by inflating the currency? The poor and lower middle class already barely make ends meet even in the US, let alone the rest of the world. Plus, nobody can guarantee that the warming will stop. There have been periods in Earth's past when it was almost twice as hot as it is today. There have been periods when greenhouse gases (CO2 specifically, Ordovician period, 500M years ago) were _six times_ what they are today. Earth is still not Venus-like. Explain that one to me. Perhaps there are parts to this that we do not understand, and it might be premature to sacrifice the world economy and the livelihoods of the bottom 90% by income on this altar?

Note that I'm not saying that we shouldn't reduce polution, or build more green energy. Nuclear, solar, wind - all of the above, please. Let's just not turn this into a religion about which you can't ask any questions for fear of being burned at the stake, and to which any sacrifice is worthwhile and you're a heretic if you suggest otherwise. Science must be questioned, otherwise it's not science.
SAP industry center uses artificial intelligence to streamline manufacturing
If they aren't profitable when taking into account their negative externalities than the owners are stealing from the rest of the world and they should go bankrupt. They'd probably figure out a better way to do business instead though
JS is easier to read IMO. And of the widely-used interpreted languages I can think of, it's actually got the least confusing implementation of first-class anonymous functions. Python lambdas are limited to one expression, Ruby has that confusing block vs. proc vs. lambda problem, etc.

I do feel like the value of using Scheme is teaching students early on that syntax doesn't really matter. Those that are actually interested in CS theory will find this enlightening, those that are simply in it because investment banking is so 2007 will churn out.
That's fair, but consider this:

1) The FaceID TPM is connected to the phone all of the time, whereas you only plug the Yubkey TPM into your computer when you need it.

2) The Biometric data that the FaceID TPM collects is available pretty much all the time when you use the phone. It's not like a fingerprint sensor where you would have to go out of your way to press your finger to it. If you can hijack the OS silently, then you can probably hijack FaceID silently.

It just seems backwards to me to replace a "simple" hardware token that you have to physically plug in with a massively complex internet-connected device. If someone steals your hardware token, you know.
> Anyone who has managed to become proficient in C++ is smart enough to be proficient in Rust.

I agree completely. But I'd reword your statement slightly as "Anyone who has managed to become proficient in the language that is notorious for being one of the most complicated and convoluted languages in existence, with the most footguns per line of code and a CVE record that proves its difficulty, ..."

It changes the conclusion just a tad.
If you truly believe that then the options for what happens are universally bad.
This is just revisionist history.

We still have all the tools you talk about today. But with the benefit of much simpler languages and SDKs and tools like LLMs to help generate code. I've seen children learn programming far faster with Swift Playground on their iPad than I had to with C++ books.

And these sort of canned experience are what helped bring technology to everyone. Which was always supposed to be the main goal.
When I was little I had a reoccurring nightmare, but one night something seemed familiar and jarred me into lucidity. I made a conscious decision to go left instead of right and it ended uneventfully, never to return. A couple times since being somewhat lucid helped end a nightmare, though I had practiced a little using the 'Waking Life' technique of testing light switches
> Artificial Intelligence for Quantum Computing

They forgot the blockchain. /s
Emissions will reduce substantially when the average temperature is 60C/140F across the globe. Life will be very different then.
The incoming government in America loves the idea of tariffs; why not frame it as part of a trade war in a theoretical government set on ending climate change? Place heavy tariffs on any goods that do not have the same cleanup obligations.
> If nothing is recommended, fine

You could've ended your sentence there.

Just because other apps don't have those limitations doesn't mean they also offer comparable cryptographic security.

Haven appears to be a blockchain project, built with Next.js, and doesn't appear to implement any cryptography.

If it isn't end-to-end encrypted, it's not in the same league.
Does that unblock whoever got blocked by the rogue blocklist?
Your remaining kidney grows about 50% in the year after donation.

A donor ends up with ~70% of their pre-donation capacity, not half.

https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7737237/

Donating a kidney is a net positive in aggregate kidney function.
Although a useful metric about the size of economy, I dont think this gives any metric of the level of liquidity, or size of investment, or austerity measure necessary to change it

It doesnt give any indication about the level of debasement of currency to accomplish it to that scale, to pay for what? to whom?

and even if you identified some answers to those questions, this is where the disagreements are, ranging from cordial disagreement to outright denial of a problem

but most of it comes down to who is paying, for what, why are we paying, will it change anything, and how do we make a return on it
All in all, this guide is pretty small. More of a solution overview than a guide. I would have appreciated if the steps in the "Making It Production-Ready" section were expanded upon, for example.
Russia claimed that deep strikes into Russian territory would be crossing a "red line". We shall see; I am nervously excited.
It goes to the cost of living.
Threads has about ~300m MAUs so far higher than 100m accounts.

And you can federate it with ActivityPub just not fully supporting it yet.
The history of life is a history of extinctions and I don't think humanity is an exception to that rule.
>Both of those have thriving comment sections and would be completely irreverent without them.

Yes. And you can use RSS feed to do the same thing, either liking to a reddit comment section or actually reading the article and not bothering. Same structure except you're not limited to Reddit's servers.

>they chose to use those apps and chose to continue using Reddit in general despite its shitty behaviour

They lost choice and decided using the worst choice was better than moving off of Reddit. I guess if enshiftification is "choice", They did indeed choose. I chose to walk away.

And it's why I hate centralizafion. Because it reduces you down to two choices per owner. Their way or the highway. If you instead managed an RSS feed of a dozen websites and Reddit removed its API, your daily feed may be smaller but your browsing habits would not change. I can still interact with the other 11 sites as much as I want and not need extra time trying to figure out what's out there.
RTGs need plutonium 238. I've read even US doesn't have a lot available. The Europa Clipper will be using solar panel for example. India could also use batteries and a standby mode during the 14 days without sunlight. But any extra weight would add to the launch cost. Maybe in future missions as they get confident with successful landing, they will have bigger lander that can survive the lunar night. Even the early Mars rovers from NASA were tiny and solar powered (ie Sojourner in 1997.)
> No one actually knows what their thresholds are (including library authors)

If low-level numerical libraries provided documentation for their accuracy guarantees, it would make it easier to develop software on top of those libraries. I think numerical libraries should be doing this, when possible. It's already common for special-function (e.g. sin, cos, sqrt) libraries to specify their accuracy in ULPs. It's less common for linear algebra libraries to specify their accuracy, but it's still quite doable for BLAS-like operations.
What is? Depopulation?
In the US, we also have large numbers of homes that have not been brought up to modern efficiency standards and cheap/outdated, grossly inefficient heating/cooling contributing. That number could probably be brought down quite significantly without negatively impacting quality of life by “simply” (I’m aware it’s a huge undertaking) properly insulating homes and in urban/suburban areas banning heating/cooling solutions below a certain efficiency threshold.
I just want some good rest, not to experience a different reality doing bs work in my head
There was a famous case of german climate activists, those who glue themself on the road to block the cars to make a statement - they did not showed up to ther appointment in court, because they were enjoying their activism vacation in Bali.
> I wonder what are the benefits from lucid dreaming.

Becoming lucid whilst asleep is important within Buddhism.

To my knowledge the Tibetans have developed this further than other schools (non Vajrayana) with a big emphasis on 'dream yoga' [0]. The idea within the religion being that if on your death bead you have learned to become lucid in dream then as you are dying you can fix your mind on higher realms and achieve a more desirable rebirth.

It would seem compatible with Theravada outlooks at least in principle as mentioned in Mahasi Sayadaw's Manual of Insight [1]. As well as supported by discourses such as SN 55.54 Gilāna Sutta [2].

For a slightly more secular approach (but still also from a Buddhist practitioner) you can check out Dreaming Yourself Awake [3].

[0] https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/62191734-the-tibetan-yog...

[1] > "Sleep is a prolonged period of the “life-continuum” or “functional” consciousness. This is the same kind of consciousness that arises during the first and last moments of our lives."

[2] https://suttacentral.net/sn55.54/en/sujato?lang=en

[3] https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/13151218-dreaming-yourse...
Probably not controversial.
It’s interesting to me that this fascinating article has no comments. My cynical side can’t help but wonder if the software engineers who read HN don’t want to hear that non-embodied algorithms can’t get us to strong AI. A robotics lab is an interdisciplinary enterprise and involves a lot of leg work. “Surely I will eventually create strong AI while sipping coffee in my pajamas, hacking away in Emacs. We just need more compute, produced in some boring way by two-sigma worker bees unsuited for the rarefied heights occupied by Me, the Great Hacker.”
Nuclear disarmament is over because, otherwise, you’re putting your nation’s sovereignty in the hands of the US electorate. Would you trust them with your life and future? I certainly wouldn’t.

If you can’t trust superpowers (including the US), you have to protect and defend yourself. That’s the nuclear way (and perhaps a bit more percentage of GDP towards defense for everyone).

In a civil world, it wouldn’t be necessary, but based on who keeps floating to the top of the power hierarchy, it’s mandatory. Maybe a nation worth trusting will rise again, but I’m not hopeful.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Si_vis_pacem,_para_bellum
> Completely bespoke models are typically trained in Python using tools like TensorFlow, JAX or PyTorch that don't have real non-Python alternatives

The article outlines some interesting ways to evade this problem. What's the latest thinking on robustly addressing it, e.g. are there any approaches for executing inference on a tf or pytorch model from within a golang process, no sidecar required?
> The aim is to give drivers turn-by-turn directions, thereby shaving seconds off of each delivery.

Manna coming to life (https://marshallbrain.com/manna)
Trump tax cuts for corporations already hole us $3.8T over 10 years. I bet that will still go through.

Let's get millions unemployed and pass those onto our sweet corporate overlords and give them million dollar per year comp packages. Yay! Make Corporate America Great Again!
I do experience lucid dreaming ocasionally without any effort of my own and without paying for an application either. I’m trying to understand whether doing more of it benefits me in any way beyond the ocassional episodes that come naturally. Why is this pointless to you?
I remember about 20 years ago I was pretty entrenched in circles of thought that were not quite "denialist" so much as they were "it's not gonna be as bad as they say it is-ist". I remember a prevailing line of thought was that climate "alarmists" only chose the most extreme predictions of the various models in order to sell the urgency of acting quickly to stop it. There were those that said that the most extreme predictions came from models that emphasized positive feedback loops (like arctic permafrost thawing), and ignored or de-emphasized negative feedback loops (like increasing vegetation growth rates). And above all, I remember one particular number standing out as where they thought we would plateau. It was at 1C of warming arriving around 2030.

Whoops. Maybe the scientific consensus should be listened to more often, and the fringe less often.
Probably nothing will get us out of this mess, but technology is really the only thing that can help. Solar power, wind power, electric cars, heat pumps. All technology. All helping.
DNA sequencing has been done, we know the HLA[1] is a part of the disease. I don't think any more DNA will help find a cure or even a way to help. PSC is a complex "black box" disease. A person can have the DNA but not have the disease.

BUT... bile and fecal samples still seem to be of high value for data collection. I've spoken with the doctors at PSC Partners to start advocating this collection, but they've noted that they don't have a way to process and store. Yet other clinicians have been doing this. I want to look into this more to help bring it all together (data is fun!), but haven't had to the time (single parent).

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_leukocyte_antigen
I mean having the following work:

match Arc::new("hello") {
"hi" => {}
"hello" => {}
_ => {}
}

It is an extension of match ergonomics, called deref patterns. There's some experimental code to make it work for `String` to `&str` (`if let "hi" = String::from("hi") {}`), but it is not anywhere close to finished. The final version will likely have something like a `trait DerefPure: Deref {}` signaling trait. There is disagreement on whether giving users the possibility to execute non-idempotent, non-cheap behavior on `Deref` and allow them to `impl DerefPure` for those types would be a big enough foot-gun to restrict this only to std or not.