skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
The radioactivity generated from neutron activation is not at all low-level, because the neutron flux is huge, providing most of the energy generated by the fusion reactor.

The intense neutron flux will transmute a very high number of atoms, so when taken out of the reactor all materials are very highly radioactive.

What can be hoped is that there may be choices for the materials used in a fusion reactor that will ensure a short enough lifetime for the radioactive isotopes, so that the radioactivity of the contaminated materials will become low-level soon enough.

The studies that I have seen have the target that the radioactive waste produced by a fusion reactor should become low-level radioactive waste after one hundred years.

To reach this target, many commonly used structural materials, like many types of steel, must be completely avoided, e.g. any steel containing nickel, molybdenum or niobium. Even the carbon from steel is a problem, because the radioactivity of C14 will persist for thousands of years.

A smaller fraction of the materials, particularly from highly activated plasma facing and near plasma components, may fail to meet current low-level waste criteria even after one thousand years.

See e.g. the report:

https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/61ae4caa8fa8f...
Microcontrollers and software for consumer PCs and the like could have been produced, probably, but there are a lot of areas of deep specialization. You'd have had to bring together all sorts of different disciplines and technologies the old, hard way - universities and libraries and researching manually. The internet allowed all of those things to coalesce easily, and novice level people gained access to high quality information and research at the click of a mouse.

The patents, compute, research access, and dozens of other relatively small barriers created a thicket of challenges and no obvious way to reconcile them, even if you had all the right ideas and inspiration. I think the internet would have been needed in order for all those ideas to come together in the right way.
The Stretch
Me too. It was very hard to give someone (Harris) my vote when she was at best complicit in, and at worst aiding a genocide. But Trump said Netanyahu was doing a very good job and he has serious support from the most batshit insane people in AIPAC. Trump actually said they need to finish the job.

Trump is not anti-intervention abroad as matter of policy, which I could support. Trump is anti-intervention (pull funding for Ukraine) when it helps his team (Russia) and pro-intervention when it helps his buddies (Miriam Adelson and her zionist ilk). I do think Trump will end the war in gaza, but it will be because Israel exterminates the remaining inhabitants and annexes it and the west bank. Mark my words. There will be no consequences for them doing so, because they have Trump and the US by the balls.

And, I agree with you on the second point, that the US would be better off with stronger manufacturing. There was a lot of good stuff in the inflation reduction act and the CHIPS act. At least domestically, Biden wasn't the disaster that he was wrt foreign policy. But again, it seems like Trump's inability to stand for anything is going to cause issues. We'll get tariffs but those are a pretty blunt instrument that is going to decimate American manufacturing while it gets up to speed.

It's wild that we agree on the direction of the country yet come to such different conclusions. How does this happen?
I wasn't one of the ones who posted in this thread, but the obvious answer seems to be that the person who is told "we'll replace you with a $10/hr worker from Pakistan" will conclude "immigration hurts me and should be reduced" and thus that political parties should adopt that position.
Most photo id are valid for 10 years. Your appearance can change in 10 years.
Unfortunately there’s not really a better way to detect memory models except by trying to observe reorderings :(
I have the book this site is based on and it's beautiful. My wife is a quilter and we plan to make a quilt from our local foraging.
To add some details - the source code for QNX was available from 2007 until the takeover by RIM/Blackberry in 2010.

So do you plan to offer access to QNX source code again in the future?

https://www.qnx.com/news/pr_2471_1.html
How is this any different from going into a Panda Express and trying to order in Mandarin?
>This can seem farcical at times. Sometimes the knowledge-management world can seem like a manifestation of OCD or perfectionism.

>But to be clear, I don't want to discount in any way that such approaches could work for many people on many projects. My general take is that if a person is being mindful about the _effort in_ versus _benefit out_, they'll probably end up in a pretty good place.

>My general take is that if a person is being mindful about the _effort in_ versus _benefit out_, they'll probably end up in a pretty good place.

:(
As Trump Takes a Victory Lap, the Crypto Faithful Kiss the Ring
This is super cool. As another commenter said, I'd like to see this for other natural dyes (onion skins, walnuts, etc).
"I can't tell you, it's one with beards and also secrets"
Agreed, but is this technology promise too much to bet on a single company? Are we being sold R&D dreams or tangible products?

Compare this with firms that had an actual working product (ex: Lightbulb, Internet, Windows, iPhone) and not the mimics of one (ChatGPT, Bitcoin, Metaverse, Nanotechnology, Quantum).

PS: There is just too much money in the economy now (infused from covid), so chasing speculative investments is expected.
Freedom (such as free speech) has always been limited by harm caused to others. Or do you suggest that we somehow impose a Pigouvian tax on letting people lie to you for "entertainment"?

Let's also be clear: the people crying "it's entertainment stop taking it so seriously!" are probably just unwilling to admit that they didn't realize they were being lied to. This is a common phenomenon.
Hang on - notepad is the perfect place for a "rewrite my text" feature.
And clearly its a useful too in a writing app that users would like.

I get your complaint in general, but it does not seem like this is a good example of throwing random unrelated stuff in.
Apologies, when I open the link it takes me to the top of the page on mobile which says “A guide to Australia's Stolen Generations
Read why Aboriginal children were stolen from their families, where they were taken and what happened to them.”

I don’t have a dog in this fight and know very little about this piece of history, so I am bowing out. I did think it was legitimately a typo
Don't underestimate the number of people that do that though.
Show HN: IFS Drawing Tool
Many HN readers will be familiar with iterated functions system fractals. Famously, images of these attractors may be produced via a chaos-game process. This process is simple to implement thus making it a perfect candidate for a graphics programming practice project.

Interestingly, methods developed for 'the inverse problem' (inferring IFS parameters to approximate an input image) have been applied to create compression algorithms.

This project provides an interface for exploring the space of possible attractors visually and interactively.
Huh, today I learned about Iron Rings! Thanks!

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iron_Ring
This guy is lucky they only banned his Google Voice account.

Years ago I lost an entire Yahoo! account with paid hosting for my side gig at the time along with years emails because I apparently broke their ToS by asking a question deemed inappropriate on Yahoo! Answers.
One AI to Another: Is That Your Best Offer?
Lignin discovery could help turn trees into affordable green chemicals
The most common approach is to read Postgres data in DuckDB https://duckdb.org/docs/extensions/postgres.html
Interview with Programmer Steve Yegge
Yes, see National Interest.
I'll try to untangle the codebase!
That's what I'm saying. I don't see all my notes at the same time; I never try to see the entire picture nor do I ever worry about composing a new note, thinking it would just get lost in my mess. My knowledge graph looks like a complex web of interconnected nodes. I have over two thousand indexed notes and a few thousand plain-text, unindexed ones. The tools I've listed above do help you to find what you need easily. I treat my notes as my "personalized Wikipedia" - I don't need to know how it is organized or structured, where specific things physically exist, or in which file a specific text of a note sits. It is noise, but it is useful noise, because I have instruments to "extract music" out of it.
Thank you for educating me. I had no idea.
Pixeltable: Store, transform, index, and iterate on data for ML
It is - and I think if the Chinese government would have a magazine with the same dominant market position amd reach, we would have the same discussion.
ML, a subset of AI...
It's really hard to tell. Just all speculative. If you say you don't believe Nvidia is worth $3.5t, and you want to short Nvidia, good luck. But at the same time, I can see why some people don't think Nvidia can't sustain itself.

But it all comes down to how good the GPT5 class of LLMs are for the next 2 years.
I was really hoping for a web ode to Horn & Hardart [1] or at the very least FEBO [2].

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horn_%26_Hardart

[2] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FEBO
Location, Location, Location:

Germany, population ~82M, has about 180K active duty military

Poland, population ~38M, has about 250K active duty military

Finland designates >90% of its fit-for-service males (age 16-49) as military reservists

(all per Wikipedia)
This might make sense given the priors. e.g. someone who's hasn't watched Star Wars in the past 6 months might be less likely to watch and enjoy Star Wars than someone who's already watched Star Wars in the past 6 months.
Yes, the 50 state solution is inefficient.

Thank you for confirming my point.
If you are being lied to, then the liars are at fault. If you know that you are being lied to and keep on listening without at least increasing your level of skepticism, then you are a collaborator and an enabler and a public-information-well-poisoner.

I maintain that you should not get a free pass to consume bullshit just because you personally find it entertaining, regardless of whether it comes from CNN or a podcast or a Tiktok account.

Libertarians might recognize this as the "harm principle" that they so often like to talk about, and then conveniently ignore when it doesn't turn out to align with the political right wing.

I am not saying anything about what we as a society should do about it. I have no idea what we should do about it. Attempting to censor all liars sounds like a catastrophe waiting to happen, for example.
> however I don't expect much cooperation by parents.

Why not? Most parents don't tend to hand their children drugs.
That's funny. I generally do feel that the lives depicted in TV shows belong to a strange, foreign culture, even when the show is set in a familiar place, but it is not the tidiness of the set which gives me that impression!

A room always feels much better after it's been set to rights; why wouldn't I want to enjoy the home I live in? Little maintenance tasks like making one's bed really don't take much time or effort once you choose to make a habit of them.
The irony is that Sanders has been super-loyal to the establishment Democrats. He endorsed and campaigned for Clinton. He endorsed and campaigned for Biden. He publicly defended Biden when people wanted to replace him on the ticket. And then when Biden was replaced, Sanders endorsed and campaigned for Harris. And he hasn't used to power as a Senator to block legislation, like Manchin and Sinema. He's been a reliable vote.

Despite all of the talk of a "political revolution", Sanders is anything but a revolutionary. He's practically an establishment Democrat himself.

The same goes for AOC, by the way. She never "brought the ruckus" against the Democrats. She's 100% establishment now.
Show HN: Zit v3 – Git Identity Manager
What is lead dev? Is that an official scrum role somewhere?
>Sorry to say I’d rather just have the commercialized editorial boards

Not me. Having a solid experience living in some far-from-democracy countries, I can state with all certainty that social platforms opened at least a crack to alternative opinions for a lot of people. Yes, they are full of propaganda, but I think they still provide more pluralistic picture compared to the world where old media ruled supreme. The real problem with those platforms is not "misinformation" (which will be everywhere anyway), buy addictiveness, and the fact they incentivize aggressive tribalism
I thought upvotes and time ago as more important, and wanted to minimize the meta information.
Project: Verdad–tracking misinformation in radio broadcasts using Gemini 1.5
This is a good move!

In my opinion, any platform should be available for free for any non-commercial purpose. This is how people get started, and this is how the platform proliferates.

I might even suggest going a bit further: provide some limited support for non-commercial users, for example, make it super-easy to file a bug.

But otherwise, it's a win-win for both the free tier (students, hobbyists) and the corporate.
I was wondering how this compares to Deno Deploy. From an API point of view, it looks rather limited? They seem to have some storage offerings but it’s unclear how they connect.
There is a lot of AI research in the nuclear fusion space. For inertial confinement fusion (a competing technology to magnetic confinement fusion, e.g., tokamaks) the National Ignition Facility (NIF) used it for their experiment that resulted in "ignition."

My lab is collaborating with researchers at the Laboratory for Laser Energetics to use AI to improve inertial confinement fusion (ICF). We recently put out this paper [1] using Kolmogorov-Arnold Networks (KANs) to predict the outcome of ICF experiments. Currently, existing physics simulators are based on old Fortran code, are slow, and have a high error between their predictions and actual laser shots, so among other goals, we are trying to build better predictors using neural networks. This is needed since it is hard to rapidly iterate on real data, since they only have a dataset of around 300 ICF shots.

[1] https://arxiv.org/abs/2409.08832
> What the hell is a monorepo? I feel dumb for asking the question, and I feel like I missed the boat on understanding it, because no one defines it anymore. Yet I feel like every mention of monorepo is highly dependent on the context the word is used in. Does it just mean a single version-controlled repository of code?

In my mind, a mono repo is one company, one (or a very small number of) source code repository. When I started working at Yahoo, everything was in CVS on one hostname (backed by a NetApp Filer), that was a mono repo; when you got into the weeds, there were actually a couple separate repo; Yahoo Japan had a separate repo, and DNS and prod ops had a separate repo, and a couple more, but mostly everything in one; just organized by directories so most people only checked out part of the repo, because not many people needed to look at all the code (or had disk space for either). That evolved into separate SVN repos for each group that wanted to move to SVN. I assume they moved to git at some point after I left.

Same deal when I was at Whatsapp. When I started, we had one SVN repo that everyone shared --- that was a mono repo; when we moved to git, each client had their own repo, server had a repo, and there was a common repo for docs and other things that needed sharing. Facebook had a lot of repos, but one repo was very large and requires 'monorepo' style tools. As a first step for monorepo style tools; in a large company with a large git repo; you need something to sequence commits, because otherwise everyone gets stuck on the git pull; git push loop until they manage to win the race. This wasn't an issue with a large CVS repo, because commits are file based, and while you might have conflicts within your team, you didn't need a global lock; I don't remember having issues with it in SVN either, but my memory is fuzzy and the whole company SVN repo I had was a lot smaller than the whole company CVS repo.

Maybe, I'd say a monorepo is a large repo where the majority of users/developers aren't going to need or want most of the tree.

> Can these issues with sync'ing repos be solved with better use of `git submodule`? It seems to be designed exactly for this purpose. The author says "submodules are irritating" a couple times, but doesn't explain what exactly is wrong with them. They seem like a great solution to me, but I also only recently started using them in a side project

I don't use submodules often, and I'm not sure if some of the irritations have been fixed, but in my use I run into two things: a) git clone requires additional work to get a full checkout of all the submodules; b) git pull requires additional work to update the submodules. I'm sure there's some other issues with some git features; but I was actually fine with CVS and don't really care about git features :P
We changed the URL from https://synthical.com/article/Physics-informed-Shadowgraph-N... by user suggestion.
I've been here for years, I just constantly see a lot of talk of harms but no details of what the harms are and it's tiring.
That's fair to call our democrats when they say things with contempt but is this not a phenomenon that happens from both sides now? What about when JD Vance calls out 'miserable childless cat ladies'? Donald Trump is a person who more so than anyone else I know of in American history is filled with grievance and contempt.

Right leaning supporters online love to throw around contemptuous terms like groomer, pedophile, cuck, soyboy etc
^ This!

Here is the link that briefly describes pros and cons of different alternatives for analytics https://github.com/BemiHQ/BemiDB#alternatives
Clippy couldn't even have been launched in 1997 unless there was already hype about upcoming neural networks in the years before.
Minimizing your losses is essential; so is maximizing your gains. TBF, in a tournament there is something to be said for biasing towards loss minimization because of the need to preserve your tournament life resulting in chip value being non-linear. But, in cash games (which ironically is what Chamath mostly plays), there is no such bias. Most amateur players arrive incorrectly at that bias over time because frequently miss thin value themselves, and also miss on value when they have the nuts because they don't bluff enough, while also often giving up value incorrectly to better players who are exploiting them, so their experiential bias tells them to err on the side of playing it safe and waiting for a set up in their favor to realize most of their EV, not realizing they are bleeding it away on the margins in countless other spots.
Remote Work Is a Disaster for the Next Generation of Engineers (2022)
I have one primary worry about this. Do you spend much time on college campuses or around military bases? If so, you know that credit card companies and shady car dealerships loooove the newly 18 year old adults.

I think that introducing people to social media right when they'll be on the hook for all their bad decisions during the exploratory period is going to result in a lot of 18-20 year olds in a ton of debt + them being even more hooked on social media than kids are now because they'll also be away from adult supervision. Imagine the sports betting ads for the newly 18. The influencers puffing up the newly 18 about how adult and mature they are and all adults buy product X, etc. They'll have no way of knowing what's normal to share and will probably overshare, but unlike minors, they'll be legally able to torpedo the rest of their lives. Etc.

Making it 18 puts a target on their back for the ad and social media companies: Fresh meat that aren't entitled to any protection. That seems like a bad combination to me.
Think the takeaway was more about the "seediness" aspect of Hooters do to it's being pretty exceptional/unusual in American dining culture.

Hooters is a pretty unique restaurant experience in the US and is therefore considered different/further from the norm and frankly by many seedy. If there were more places like Hooters in the US then this would probably not be true.

The comment was trying to explain that in Japan you have a lot of places that would be analogous to Hooters in the US...so it's not exceptional/not seedy. Maybe not quite the "norm" but common enough to not be really something that gets noticed or have a connotation like "seedy".
Japanese use 3 different writing systems but 2 of them are simple phonetic systems. The hard one is kanji which uses Chinese characters, there's really nothing you can do about that except memorize memorize memorize.
AirFryers are even simpler than "sous vide cooking". No reason they couldn't have been invented in the 50s - 60s when kitchens had good electrical supply.
The Sort API for Automating Postgres and Snowflake Workflows
Yeah, that's kinda how all social media algos work. You get bucketed in with the content you engage with and watch the most ie the stuff you likely (but not necessarily!) agree with the most already. It's almost as if TikTok's algo isn't any different than FB or IG or X.
It gets embeddings from open AI and compares them using cosine similarity. Stories are weighted by similarity, dissimilarity and HN score.
Kudos on your bold undertaking! I've been a side-lined QNX admirer for some time, though not a potential user in most cases. A good next step would be a series of blog posts where the author takes on common types of enthusiast projects and unpacks how QNX's strengths can be applied in those scenarios.
Tokyo's climate goals rely on a fuel that is falling out of favor
We built Postgres columnstore tables in 60 days
> SMS contacts are just more contacts in my roster

Sorry for the question but i don't really understand what this means?
I could write a blog post about it if you'd like.
Sounds like a potential compliance issue too, if you work with sensitive data.
Matching of patterns, with only a single occurrence allowed for each variable, is fairly popular in languages designed in the last two decades, isn’t it? A lot of those have or at least borrow from ML heritage, and that of course places a big emphasis on algebraic types and pattern matching. Full-blown unification remains niche, that’s true, but it’s just a fairly heavyweight feature, and I don’t really know how you’d integrate it without turning your language into (a superset of) Prolog.
Does it come on a 1.44MB floppy (image)?

* http://toastytech.com/guis/qnxdemo.html

* https://winworldpc.com/product/qnx/144mb-demo

* https://crackberry.com/heres-how-qnx-looked-1999-running-144...
So mostly a bunch of topics the sheer majority of people are also concerned about, yet framed as if anybody who doesn't fall in line behind the double-talking autocrat is personally responsible for them? Sounds about right - the same old story of one arm of the media convincing its associated tribe that all the corporate authoritarian policies they're suffering from are the personal desires of the other tribe to deliberately harm them, and that more authoritarianism of the correct flavor is the fix.

I was responsible enough to put aside my hate for the system and vote conservatively, rather than indulging in lashing out at my fellow citizens. It's a true shame for western civilization that more people were not.
Excellent points. Thanks for the article.
"Clojure in live sports television" by Christoph Neumann (Clojure/conj 2024) [video]
You haven't made a point that I can see! I'm actually being genuine here, I don't know where this went off the rails for you exactly, but I would like my questions to be answered.

I'll just copypaste what I said in another thread to be as direct as possible:

I am being told that it's a "concern" but without an explanation. What are the material, concrete harms that can come from China directing the content algo?