skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Ask HN: What does a fatal attack on the internet look like?
I've always been worried about the fragility of infrastructure in the scenario of a real war. I'm under the impression that it wouldn't be too hard for e.g. Russia to take down the European power grid with a cyber attack. In the last couple of years Russia has been spending effort to disconnect from the global internet, and thus the following question naturally arises: "What does a fatal attack on the global internet look like and how feasible is it"?
> that would still be an over 3 hour commute each way (just the railway part!). If it's just for a business trip every now in a while, it's faster to just fly there.

Even for flights which take 45 minutes in the air, I’d never expect to get to the airport, through security, through all the boarding and unboarding nonsense, and from the destination airport to where I was actually going, in 3 hours.

IIRC last time I was in Seattle airport, after I got off the plane (which was late, of course), I spent half an hour just walking through airport and to the rather inconveniently located light rail. Everything involving flying takes forever.
What should the punishment be?

Should that apply to all the other people in the same technical circumstance?
Starting one wiki/note-taking software is not going to make your fans go crazy more than running your favorite JetBrains IDE. I had a non-Arm MacBook Pro and sometimes the fans would go crazy for no reasons, so all my Arm-based colleagues who had an M1 were laughing.
I bicycled across in 1985 and scariest part was there was no public transport on regular roads. What if the bicycle breaks down? There was no bicycle shops and bicyclists either, except on top of cars. Where they drive to use the bicycle? No idea.
See https://openrailwaymap.org/ and choose "Max speeds".

Much of Western Europe has yellow, orange, red and purple lines, i.e. lines over 200km/h.

Parts of Central and Eastern Europe do not, as you say.
This reminds me of Voyager buses in Ontario during the 80s/90s. They had two routes between Ottawa and Toronto.

One took maybe 6 hours. The other 12+ or some such. The 12+ hour took almost the same route, but stopped at every. single. town.

Woe to the person wanting to go from Ottawa to Toronto, and buying the wrong ticket. This is pre-Internet so research was less common and easy, and if you have no idea it could matter...

I recall this being named the "milk run".
I'm quite surprised that based on pictures, the design looks like to be really close to a copy of the remarkable 2. Even the textile cover/holder for the tablet.

Anyway if the hardware is good, that was always my biggest issue with the remarkable being that it was hard to customize or use for anything that is not the basic official usage.
I really wish it was easier to talk about mental disorders. People with (mild?) mental disorders manage to live ordinary lives just fine. I remember listening to one specialist on a radio show who claimed that at least half the population (in one particular developing country) suffered from some kind of mental disorders but nobody comes for treatment because people think of you are getting treatment for any kind of mental disorders, you must have "gone mad" and are therefore completely unreliable and therefore must lose all your licenses, work privileges, family responsibilities etc. So people are scared to come forward and ignorance rules.
I did Chicago-SF on the Zephyr about 20 years ago. It was a nightmare disaster of a trip. Nearly all our movement was at night due to cargo scheduling. We ended up arriving over 48 hours late.

To Amtrak's credit - we complained and they refunded our entire journey.
Google can take various actions to put pressure but it ultimately doesn't control how the entire world treats archived text.

A google rank at zero and lots of 2 hop routes to your site that google can either penalize for being an accurate historical record or not is better than a rank of zero and a domain that has never been in historical artifacts.
Out of interest, why wouldn't PHP be a consideration? I thought it was pretty good now a days...
even better, he could offer an alternative that doesn't fall on its face based on existing observations.
Most of these extensions/add-ons are useless and actually makes your fingerprint more unique.

https://github.com/arkenfox/user.js/wiki/4.1-Extensions#-don...
The trend is clearly towards integrating these things at OS level.

Which is very very very very bad.
Cloud is an abstraction that lets you stop thinking about individual physical servers in direct relation to specific applications. Doesn't matter whether yours, someone else's or both.
I think it's a good thing if you never need to travel. Why would I want a 40 minute drive to get to a supermarket if I could instead get to an identical one in 10 minutes?

Similarly why would I want to travel for an hour to go to an office to sit on zoom meetings all day instead of doing it from my spare bedroom.

Reducing required travel is a great thing for me, gives me more time to do things on interesting travel. Rather than spending 90 minutes a week driving to/from the shop I save 78 hours a year, which is more than enough time to take up a new hobby.
Focusing on cyclomatic complexity and function length just leads to spaghetti with meatballs code. You have to keep following different strands of pasta to find where the meat is, instead of having it all in one place, like hamburger code.
But that’s not very far - there are multiple services on this route and the trip takes just 4h
Visualizing the Nucleus
Most places in the world that are slightly more exposed to weather than average run the risk of power outages. That'll be anywhere from Norway to Texas to Australia. In other parts of the world blackouts may be enriched by lack of grid capacity or incompetence.
The law doesn't care what marketing you received and neither does physics. Don't crash your car over a radio.
Ah yes, the fake line of argument that for airplanes you have to drive an hour to get to the airport two hours before your flight, while in the case of trains, a powerful genie comes into your house, packs your suitcase and whisks you away in his powerful arms directly to your seat on the train 13.21 seconds prior to departure.

It's BS. In existing cities, train stations are just as hard to build in the city center as airports -- neither happens. You do not in fact need to get to airports hours in advance, and security theater in airports is still excruciating, but you can get PreCheck or Clear and cut the time way down. There is some time advantage to boarding trains, but it's on the order of 20-40 minutes, not hours.

Paris and London are only 213 miles apart! It's about 2/3rds the distance that SF is from LA, much less say SF to Seattle or NYC to Chicago. Rail travel works great in Europe because distances are small, density is high, and the cities grew up centered around rail infrastructure.
I have _never_ seen anyone take that stance; the same people who argue for planning ‘15 minute cities’ (that is, correctly planned cities; this isn’t some new idea and is how cities were historically normally planned) generally also advocate for good _commuter_ (ie medium range) and intercity transport.

I mean, I’m sure there’s someone out there advocating for efficient city design but who’s opposed to developing transport, but they’re an extreme outlier.

OOC, is this a purely theoretical bogeyperson, or have you ever actually seen anyone take this stance? If the latter, just how many (to the nearest ten, say) posters of Pol Pot did they have on the wall?
This is also my experience. I'm not a DJ but I perform live electronic music using various MIDI controllers. If I quickly want to add or remove a sound, like a kick drum, to/from the mix, a slider is best. If I need fine control over a parameter, like a low-pass filter frequency, a rotary controller is usually better for the reasons you mentioned.

As alluded to in the article, rotary vs. linear seems to be a proxy for the circuit which actually influences the sound. I would think that anyone claiming "mixers with rotaries always sound better" does not fully understand how they work. There's a lot of those kind of claims in the music scene.
A lot of regulations exist largely to make it more difficult for individuals and small companies to compete.

I don't know if that's the explanation here (maybe there's good reasons for it?) but it's the first thing that came to mind.
I began experimenting with long distance (cross-Europe, and long distances, not just one country to the neighbouring country) train travel, as I no longer wanted to fly due to the pollution from flying.

I rapidly concluded long distance train travel is not viable.

On one occasion I had two days of travel booked, and the very first train was an hour late, which led to a missed connection, and that was it - there was no way I could make my next train, and I lost some hundreds of euros of booked tickets and accommodation, and the compensation offered - if I had the will power to fight through the incredibly hostile claims mechanism on-line - was 30 euro. I was also stuck, as I had left my origin (a long-term AirBnB) and the next place I would live was at my destination. Fortunately, I was in Paris, so I travel to de Gaulle and booked a flight to my destination (where it was then necessary to book a hotel for an night, as I was a day early); I paid some hundreds more euros to complete my journey.

Essentially the problem is that the longer a train journey, the more late it will be, and if you miss a connection, you can lose everything afterwards; but you have to book everything in advance, because the main train routes are fully booked if you try to buy a ticket on the day.

So it just doesn't add up.
3. Answered in point 1., we use IBDWT and get modular reduction for free through the circular convolution. This works nicely for Mersenne modulus.

4. GCD is not used in PRP, but it is used in P-1 (Pollard's P-1 algo). We use GMP GCD on the CPU (as it's a very rare operation, and GMP/CPU is fast enough). I understand the complexity of the GCD as implemented in GMP is logarithmic which is good.

5. For our dimension it does not make sense to use a quadratic algo instead of a NlogN one; We absolutely need the NlogN provided by convolution/FFT.
I am so often boggled at how crappy air travel is now.

Used to be, decades ago, just show up and go to the plane like it was a bus. Some dude would take your luggage and throw it into the cargo hold.

You'd be boarded and gone in 15.

When landed, they'd open then cargo hold and hand out luggage.

I had this experience in a transfer to a prop plane in Mexico. Fast, easy, quick.
Just write - but in seriousness, On Writing Well: The Classic Guide to Writing Nonfiction by William Zinsser and Dennett's Intuition Pumps and Other Tools for Thinking
I would say it's more obviously wrong because I've seen examples of ceramic superconductors cooled by only liquid nitrogen. A quick google confirms that cuperate-perovskite ceramic superconductors have a critical temperature above 90K.
“Once again, evolution was not observed in real time. The snail remained a snail instead of turning into a new type of animal. Evolutionists are baffled by how what they claim about all the species on Earth never actually happens. Instead of being disproven, the proponents now say the lack of evidence is proof it happened… on extremely-long, time scales science can’t confirm. That science can’t prove everything, like their core beliefs. They called for believers to keep having faith.”

It would be a great news story. Especially if it contrasted the proof of minor adaptations within types of creatures vs lack of actual evolution of the kind we always read about. Then, explain what falsification is, evolution’s predictions, and how observations contrary to predictions should decrease belief in the theory.

Meanwhile, snails are still snails, ants are still ants, and chickens are still chickens. Billions of things not turning into new animals. It’s like God had to intervene to create these categories since it’s observationally impossible by chance.
Thanks for this. I hadn't seen that it had been verified in humans.

I suppose it helps to emphasize that there are trade offs with all drugs, and that you'll need to work with your doctor to adapt a program suited to your own risk tolerance.
I used to be cynical about the existence of ghosts until I saw one. I didn't realise there was such a simple explanation and have wasted the past 15 years of my life thinking otherwise.
They could also adjust the regulations for cargo trains to make mixing freight and passenger trains better.

For example, by limiting the maximum length of a freight train.

Then relatively minor subsidies (e.g. additional passing loops) could be used to improve reliability.
> What's up with folks in Europe that they can't clone a big repo, but others can?

They might be in a country with underdeveloped internet infrastructure, e.g. Germany))
I mean the "mainframe model" of a single large system and many dumb terminals, now dumb terminals are named enpoints and the mainframe is someone else computer across the world.

The trust problem is easy to solve, with an open society: as long as payments got processed with open APIs and the government takes care of the frauds there is no trust problem. I do not need to trust a third party with eCash, I only need to trust my State protections.

The idea is already tempted, see not only the historic eCash, witch are the modern GNU Taler chosen (it seems) by the EU for the digital Euro https://www.ngi.eu/ngi-projects/ngi-taler/ and https://social.network.europa.eu/@EC_NGI/111499172838284606 but also https://openfisca.org and https://github.com/CatalaLang/catala or few others alike.

That's still embrional but in FLOSS terms we have already more than enough, we just miss the law enforcing it and the schools teaching it to the masses.
I don't work in ad tech, but I expect that there are strong diminishing returns on this kind of thing. Yes, it's theoretically possible to do all of this advanced stuff to correlate and identify the long tail of users who have obfuscated fingerprints. But if you are in the targeted advertising business, are those users really all that valuable to target? They are probably nerds who don't buy a lot of new stuff and block ads anyway. I expect that being unique, but distinct on each run of the fingerprint algorithm, is probably good enough, unless you are concerned about a very motivated attacker trying to stalk you.

On the other hand, there is also the fact that things like spoofing web APIs only goes so far. There are other fingerprinting techniques, such as measuring properties of the GPU, which might still uniquely identify your machine (how many people have such-and-such GPU in your ZIP code?).
To be clear, Open Source and Free Software aren't licenses. They are philosophies. FOSS licenses come in two major varieties - copyleft (like GPL) and permissive (like MIT). It's possible for either type of license to conform to both open source and free software philosophies. In fact, the vast majority of FOSS licenses - both copyleft and permissive - are endorsed by both camps (OSI and FSF). Also, both camps reject licenses for similar reasons - like for having proprietary terms (as in case of BSL).

The property of being able to keep changes to oneself is the property of permissive licenses, not opensource. Open source software under copyleft licenses cannot be modified and distributed while withholding changes. The inverse is applicable to FS under permissive license too.

The real difference between free software and open source is in how they treat the software. FS camp considers software as something that should give the users total freedom over the computing devices they own. The software shouldn't constrain or exploit the end user in any manner. This of course needs the source to be open.

OSS camp established open source because they realized the advantages of 'open' source, but didn't like the emphasis on freedom. That's more in line with corporate philosophy - take advantage of unaffiliated talent to increase code volume and quality, without making any commitment to user freedom. This is why many companies completely avoid the term free software. It's also easy to find 'open source' code that's very exploitative towards users, despite being open and using FSF-endorsed licenses.
Commonly (since ca. 19th century), shrank is used as the past tense of shrink, shrunk as the past particle, and shrunken as an adjective. The title of the linked article uses "shrunk" as past tense and the submitted title was changed to "shrunked" for some reason. "Shranked" was not mentioned anywhere. (But "shrinked" has had some use in the past.)
This is also a result of different dopamine and other neurotransmitter function in folks with ADHD, not just anxious overthinking. With a deadline 6 months away, the dopamine reward to work on it doesn't work like in normal people. While, say doing something in a video game that triggers dopamine release reward which motivates action.
One of the best indications / talks on writing and thinking is Jordan Peterson - the best advice he gives anyone is to write - 5 minute video https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Kwjw2J6ByJo
Everybody talks about OpenZFS block level dedup. The real gem is to use file level deduplication in copy-on-write transactional filesystems like ZFS.

cp --reflink=auto

The commands above perform a lightweight copy (zfs clone in file level), where the data blocks are copied only when modified.
That is todays numbers.. obviously the article is taking a historical view.. not that I necessary agree with it.
> Projects describing the real world.

Yeah, one of the 3 big lies of computer programming: thinking that we should program around a model of the world. We should program around a model of the data that we need to transform to solve whatever problem we need to solve. Even in simulation software like games.

A car have a motor which have pistons. But why would I model that? To be honest I’m not sure OOP is appropriate even for CAD software here. Now maybe we could give the user the ability to make a mesh and call that "piston", an let them copy & paste that mesh to build a super-mesh they would call "motor", but this kind of composition is not quite OOP, and the appropriate way to program this stuff is probably not OOP either.
Well of course it would take a literal super genius to actually accomplish successfully this via individual submission.

Nobody is going to believe anyone short of that bar would have even fully understood the bluetooth specification. So even a regular genius, 99.9th percentile HN user, would have a starting credibility of roughly zero.

But there are likely infinitely many waiting for that 99.9999th percentile HN reader to come along.
Westinghouse's eVinci micro nuclear reactor for data centers
The ÖBB NightJet is surprisingly cheap, e.g. I payed 59€ for Berlin - Vienna in a sleeper coach
Nice work!

I found setup worked well on my ZFS device. The main issue with ZFS that I ran into was slow writes even with caches when dealing with a lot of disks. It just felt like I wasn’t making the most of my hardware even with bulk not modifying writes.

I guess it may be the result of needing to do random writes to update directory structures or similar?

I had an array of 10 8GB drives and large writes would get <100MB/s even on 10GBE and the bottleneck wasn’t cpu or memory either.
There is an exemption for formal road legality for vehicle development and sales in all countries I've been working in with vehicle development and testing.
>commercially available library

Are there any examples of this? How do you monetize a DLL file? One time purchase and later upgrades?

It seems like you'd have to put it behind an API and charge for usage, though I don't have a good overview of what the other options are.
Boy do I have news for you if you think China is the only country that pours money into domestic R&D for strategic commercial development…
mobilizon is a great concept. It embodies the "decentralization" promise of the fediverse better than microblogging and similar publishing oriented platforms that have no concept of locality.

Events aim to bring and bind together a small number of real people in localized communities, so less room for online troll/bot farms, less scope for remote control, data mining / algorithmization of everything.

It is deployable in a single VPS and there is a magic moment when it federates events with the (few) other mobilizon servers. With some further investment in usability and functionality it would be ready for prime time.

Whether the world will mobilize, though, that is another question...
I've played quite a lot with all the whisper models up to "medium" size. Mostly via faster-whisper as original OpenAI whisper only seem to care for/optimize performance for GPU.

I would agree that the "tiny" model has a clear drop off in accuracy, not good enough for anything real (even if transcribing your own speech, the error rate means too much editing needed). In my experience, accuracy can be more of a problem on shorter sentences because there is less context to help it.

I think for serious use (on GPU) it would be the "medium" or "large" models only. There is now a "large-turbo" model which is apparently faster than "medium" (on GPU) but more accurate than "medium" - haven't tried it yet.

On CPU for personal use (faster-whisper, CPU) I have found "base" is usable, "small" is good. On a laptop CPU though "small" is slow for real time. "Medium" is more accurate, though mostly just on punctuation, far too slow for CPU. Of course all models will get some uncommon surnames, place names wrong.

Since OpenAI have re-released the "large" models twice and now done a "large-turbo" I hope that they will re-release the smaller models too so that the smallest models become more useful.

These moonshine models are compared to original OpenAI whisper, but really I'd say they need to compare to faster-whisper: multiple projects are faster than original OpenAI whisper.
> Especially if you use something like k3s with SQL database

I'll admit I've never used K8s outside of work very much, so I can't really argue on that!

> What were you thinking of things to take into account for k8s over swarm? The main difference for me is k8s needs a hell of a lot more boilerplate yaml for doing basically anything.

I think that's a big one, yes. Stateful services (i.e. volumes) are also much easier to setup and understand with Docker Swarm - which is the same as Compose. The routing mesh[1] is also lovely. I didn't use the Kubernetes routing mesh at work because the infrastructure department didn't allow us to, why is one a reason I was arguing against it; we used a very powerful and complex system without profiting from one of its most powerful feature.

[1]: https://docs.docker.com/engine/swarm/ingress/
There seems to be a lot of misconceptions about how fingerprinting and anti-fingerprinting techniques work.

I highly recommend reading this article, it is still WIP btw: https://github.com/privacyguides/privacyguides.org/blob/e81b...
Wait, I live in that area. Does that mean I'm allowed to lay my own fiber into their open ditches too, or do they have special rights no one else has?
Heh.

<< You think public education is bad

Yes, duh. I think based on the outcomes, it is hard to argue it is good. What are you even arguing here?

<< the solution is to disenfranchise poor people and childless people

Yes. I stated my reasons. You tell me why expanding franchise to dumb people and people without stake in the game is 'good for democracy'.

<< That isn't freedom.

I thought we were talking about democracy..
Congrats :)

Be prepared for a long process. I'm still learning about it, after putting the pieces together ~5 years ago.
Unlocking the Potential of Brain-Computer Interfaces
Nobody on the far left thinks this. If they thought that then why would they be into subway systems so much? Same for progressive urban planners more generslly.