skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
> I remember the arguments I hear here on HN these days "No company can be that big and still grow. Also competition will catch up!" from the early 2000's when Apple's market cap crossed $100B.

Early 2000s the iPhone hadn’t been invented.

Apple’s market cap would be a tiny fraction of what it is today if they had remained a Mac + iPod + software company.

Apple’s genius has been their ability to enter and dominate (and sometimes create) completely new markets.

Since the early 2000s, the following new markets have all eclipsed the Mac or the iPod in annual revenues for Apple:

iPhone
iPad
Services
Accessories

Basically, whatever company Apple was in the early to late 2000s, is the least financially significant bit for Apple today.
Apparently people working on open source are just looking for an excuse to pontificate. Same as with Bitwarden, simply raising the issue and then waiting a little for an answer is enough.

https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/e7d548a7fc835f9f3c9cb2e5ed97dfd...

> If your company is on the U.S. OFAC SDN lists, subject to an OFAC sanctions program, or owned/controlled by a company on the list, our ability to collaborate with you will be subject to restrictions, and you cannot be in the MAINTAINERS file.

That's all.

Both could've been handled better but there's no need to write ten thousand open source philosophy comments on the issue itself, bad articles and HN comments.
I say I make $100k year. That’s my salary, it’s my revenue. To do that I have to do things like paying taxes, rent, electric costs etc.
Both are needed. Look what happened with Excel in genomics. Once you can control every point of the pipeline, you are set.
That means a discrete set of versions, dependencies and being able to rebuild and fix every point of software if bugs show up.
This is the biggest international travel trip I can give - download offline maps (Here, or google maps or Apple Maps all have offline maps now) and when in doubt locate a McDonald’s. WiFi and bathrooms, and sometimes even beer. ;)
It's inherently dependent on the government. The viewers don't get together and voluntarily decide to fund it.

Unfortunately I don't think there's a single such organisation in the world-- controlled-by-members newspaper. Even almost-controlled-by-members newspapers here in Sweden aren't fully subject to member control, with this typically being indirect through some board or similar organisation.
But next time you might go somewhere else.

Some people go there every day and they tell their friends - that sums up.
Perhaps manorialism rather than feudalism, which implies certain bidirectional duties.

It may not be a huge improvement when identities and posts can't be migrated, but it's still an incremental one.
Sadly, the most likely "fix" would be to remove the "who you know" path and just make things shit for everyone. :(
During covid I wanted to enable the local arcade in Amsterdam (Blast Galaxy) to stream their old boards to subscribing internet users for internet play, however I consulted with one of the leading IP lawyers in the city & was told basically "nope".

My pitch to the lawyer was that it was simply a case of "longer wires" in terms of board input and output, however there is something in EU law that addresses encoding and transport over networks which causes the issue in terms of IP.

Super disappointing.
There’s very few and poor cables in the areas between Russia/Mongolia/India.

AFAIK, the latency from Mumbai to southern Russia (not that far in distance) is surprisingly high. Much higher than from e.g. Frankfurt to Moscow. Don’t know if it’s enough to violate the triangle equality between Frankfurt-Moscow-Mumbai.
Four Stories of Loneliness Across the Lifespan
The machines go into maintenance if not cleaned in time. Smart franchises clean the machine in the morning or after closing each day so it “never runs out”.

Just like smart airlines always reboot the plane regularly instead of learning the 787 has to be rebooted every 56 day.
I'm a bit surprised to read it - for me I configured my system years ago and it just "keeps working" (I very rarely need to edit my configuration, for trying new programs I just spawn a nix-shell). Though I agree that first time doing anything has an additional cost - for example configuring my HP printer was maybe three lines of nix code, but I had to spend some time with forums to write them. On the other hand, I now just reuse these lines everywhere and don't have to think about it at all. For me that's a lot of time saved. It's entirely possible you're using OS differently than I do, and cost/benefit calculation is different for you.
* for pointers was a stupid choice and there's no reason to keep it solely because people are used to it. Why not keep prefix dereference too? The syntax is attrocious but hey, C does it, so everyone else must.
See: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=34400143
See also https://github.com/jpillora/md-tmpl
True - it every time I’ve considered ice cream as an important part of the meal I’ve already disqualified McDonald’s (Dairy Queen or Culver’s is a step above).
Chronological sorting is an algorithm. You don't hear its dissenters as much, but it's not without issue. It's not always the best way to present things.
Those margins also attract othertech firms to get into the industry either to compete with you or to cut costs because you are overcharging them.
Trump fans boycotting Amazon is a consequence.

The US government punishing Amazon is not.

The first amendments limits the governemt in its actions, not the people.
Similarly, how having systemd-resolved running overrides /etc/resolv.conf. Pretty annoying.
> asking if a developer can be trusted with a laptop

This analogy doesn't seem to track with my experience: newer devs don't understand computers and filesystems at all :D
the lack of critical thinking in comments here on topics like this is
frightening. Especially given this is where you’d hope to find the discussion

This is true and it is frustrating. In the 2020's, you really shouldn't be able to finish a CompSci degree without at least one course in the ethics/history of technology.
In August, an analysis of the intensity of editing in PIA between January 2022 and September 2024 found that the top contributor to PIA by number of edits, a user called Selfstudier, made over 15,000 edits in the space in that period. Iskandar323 contributed over 12,000 edits to PIA articles in the same period. Other members of the pro-Palestine group are equally prolific, with top contributors including CarmenEsparzaAmoux (8,353), Makeandtoss (8,074), Nableezy (6,414), Nishidani (5,879), Onceinawhile (4,760) and an admin called Zero0000 (2,561).

The 15,000 edits by Selfstudier and the 12,000 by Iskandar323 put those two users in the top 99.975% of editors by number of edits — solely for their PIA edits made in under three years. The other pro-Palestine group members’ PIA edits from this period place them among the top 99.9% of Wikipedia editors. All together, the top 20 editors of this group made over 850,000 edits to more than 10,500 articles, the majority of them in the Palestine-Israel topic area, or topically connected historical articles.

It’s not just the raw number of edits that matters. The same analysis shows that fully 90% of total edits by Selfstudier in that period were made to Palestine-Israel articles. Other members of the group clock in at 90% (sean.hoyland), 86% (CarmenEsparzaAmoux), 82% (Makeandross), 64% (Nishidani), and 43% (Onceinawhile). After October 7 the intensity increased, with Selfstudier peaking at 99% in October 2023, while others got to 97%, 98% and even 100% of their total monthly edits dedicated to PIA.

I think this should be a wake up call for some to understand the sheer scale of coordination to shift narratives in 2024, not even by state-funded actors but by groups of very motivated ideologues. The fact that they make up 99.9% of editors with 90% of their articles relating to Israel-Hamas shows this is no individual with their own perspective, nor can one apply a "both sides" point here, it's very much one large group crowding out smaller, disconnected individual editors.

It's the evolution of the troll, we can ignore or ban an individual, but we can't ignore entire swarms that might simply crowd out the opposition without going into issues of free-speech and echo-chambers. It's a gray area that is exploited to maximum effect by groups with an agenda. And it's not the laughable propaganda remniscient of the USSR or NK, it's Chomsky's "Manafacturing Consent" directly applied, through thousands of edits, many small and innocuous in isolation but when put together provide a far more troubling picture.

Whether you agree with the site's own right-wing ideological slant is another matter, but the figures here show a undeniable picture of what's happening. The conducts and assumptions that precipitated the rise of the free and open internet we've enjoyed over the last 30 years have changed, and if they don't evolve I don't think it's going to be sustainable for longer.
1. My profiling is rudimentary but effective. I measure per-kernel execution time with OpenCL events (which register with high accuracy start/end times w. practically no overhead), and also I continously measure per-iteration time by dividing wall-time for blocks of 20'000 iterations by that nb. These measuremens are consistent and sensitive.

2. I'm not aware of good learning resources. Explore existing such code, e.g. opencl miners tend to use asm. Read in amdgpu/ in LLVM. Disassemble code from OpenCL and read the ISA. Explore and experiment, but it's tedious. I would not recommend to jump into ISA initially. BTW AMD does have good GCN ISA docs available online, that is useful!

3. Yes I often read the compiled ISA, and over time I discover bugs and also better understand the ISA.

4. OpenCL is SIMD, and yes it matches the GPU HW.

5. most important is to reduce the number of registers used (#VGPRs), as that influences heavilly the occupancy of the kernel. Use fewer costly instructions such as FP64 mul/FMA. Sequential memory access, and in general reduce global memory access as it's very slow. Merge small kernels into one (keep the data in the kernel). Never spill VGPRs.
Guardian comes to mind.
Interactive math: a curated list of tools and articles
>Non-free software should be the issue, not Guix itself

Not the parent, but this approach from Guix maintainers is the reason why it's not an OS I would consider. I use free software almost exclusively, but I appreciate that nixos doesn't try to play the moral police and will let me easily run any non-free software I want. I don't like it, but sometimes using a non free tool is the easiest way to get the job done, and life is too short to get stuck on software idealism (at least for me).
Looks like a non-issue, and nothing left to debate.

I wonder why anyone would be trying to make a storm in a tea cup.
Most likely not, but it is wrong to expect to get all the nutrients from a single food source. Some nutrients are required in much greater quantities than the others, so after obtaining them it becomes much easier to obtain the rest of the nutrients. Food should be cooked by mixing many ingredients, with each providing only some of what is needed.

For example you can satisfy your energy needs with some starchy seeds, e.g. maize or rice and with some fat source, for instance olive oil. This would represent the bulk of the dry mass of food needed daily. Such food ingredients do not have to provide anything else but energy (i.e. mostly glucose and oleic acid). If they also provide other nutrients, that is just a bonus.

The daily needs of protein could be satisfied e.g. with up to 100 grams of high-quality protein (like whey protein or egg-white protein) produced by a culture of a genetically-modified fungus (such genetically-modified strains of the Trichoderma fungus already exist). That fungus culture does not need to produce anything else but protein.

With the previous food ingredients providing the nutrients required in large quantities, the rest of the food ingredients used for cooking (e.g. various vegetables or various animal products, if one prefers those) could be chosen only for improving the taste and for providing the small amounts of essential fatty acids, vitamins and minerals that are needed.
As an Indian, you cannot understand the despair this makes me feel.
ANI is a bit like privatised Pravda operating in service to the government, yet, still pretending to be independent journalism. Wherever there is a critic of the government, ANI exists to slander such critics as a service.

As a discerning reader, you learn to avoid mainstream media that quotes ANI (don't even consider watching a TV channel). You seek out alternate information sources. As the entity aligns closer with the ruling party and the mega-corporations like Adani that are aligned with it, you basically witness an octopus take over all information communication in India.

Then you get harsher and harsher laws regulating social media. You get no new laws protecting your speech. You witness a general fatalism set in on the few Indian comment sections that still think this stuff is wrong. But one day you see it on HN and realise everyone is basically powerless here.

Foolish maybe, but I genuinely hoped the open and open-sourced side of the internet would transcend borders. There must exist an information ecosystem that is above government. But Linux bans Russian devs, wikipedia is blocked worldwide because they wouldn't reveal an editor's biodata to India, social media platforms regulating information appoint information officers to enforce dictatorial government orders.

Where is the technology that can challenge this? At what point can the principle of "code is law" support free human expression instead of serving the whims of the latest oppressive regime?

I would implore any devs making open-source censorship-proof tools to consider the Indian context as ground zero.
> It is very strange definition. To me it is tautological, as computers are deterministic and if you have same build environment you will get same results by necessity.

There is a lot of randomness in a typical build system: randomly ordered lists, race conditions in multithreaded coded, timestamps in the filesystem, etc,
The worse kind of build systems can even include fetching files the internet. So, no, for all practical purposes actual computers are not deterministic and this is not tautological at all.

You can try to emulate determinism using some kind of virtual machine and run your build there (for example, see Hermit[1]), but it will never be perfect determinism and there are many practical downsides.

[1]: https://github.com/facebookexperimental/hermit
The hate isn’t weird, it is earned!

One of the most important algorithms, google search, has become crap. Social media algorithms have become crap.

Average people hate “the algorithm” because it was a trusted friend(ly tool) ands it has become crap and betrayed them!

If we, technologists, want people to love and use algorithms, we have a duty to avoid making them become horrible or useless for people.
Please don't feed the trolls!
In my post I specifically said "unsolicited". There is of course ethical ways to message people through Instagram, but even in that case it is going to be less efficient then just using the dating app as intended.
> For DID PLC, the likely solution is to move the registry into a nonprofit which will maintain it, similar to ICANN.

ICANN is rather centralized.
This is the biggest concern I have with ATProto, I would have expected it to work over P2P i.e. IPNS, or even some sort of a blockchain rather than a centralized web server.
> Their problem isn’t awareness or will power; their problem is a skill issue, and a system—the league, the market, the economy—that will devour anyone who isn’t elite.

To pull a quote far out of left field:

> The universe makes us all victim and perpetrator of its infinite cruelty. You, more than any, suffer both fates. Be free.

-- The Witness, galactocidal antagonist of Destiny 2, to a pacifistic life-seeding entity.
It seems generally impossible to do much to avoid ingesting plastic. It's literally everywhere. The personal choices you make as a consumer are a drop in the bucket.
Show HN: SongLink a web app to share songs across music streaming services
I built a web application after being frustrated about how my friends share music.

In chat groups, we constantly share songs & albums with each other. But since everyone uses a different music streaming service, that means I had to open a link, dismiss cookie banners, copy/paste the title, find the right version etc...

So I came-up with SongLink where songs, albums and artists can be shared across different services with one link!
Of course, but the number of subpages is actually 16^6 since the colours go from 0x000000 to 0xffffff; see the many other comments about that, including mine.
(I've updated this post as I've learned more).

Thank you. ATProtocol is really cool, but I share some concerns about the centralized resolution of identities to custom servers and the conflict of interest in Bluesky's stewardship of ATProtocol development (what is good for the ATProtocol Network vs what is good for Bluesky).

If I understand Bluesky correctly:

When you follow users on Bluesky (even those on a hosted custom server), atprotocol allows you to follow them by a "URL" (DID:web) but by default you're following them by their DID:PLC, a kind of Decentralized Id that is resolved via an equivalent to a "name server" (see: https://github.com/did-method-plc/did-method-plc).

You give that name server a DID json representing a user you want to follow or are following, it will tell you the IP of the (custom atproto) server where that user's posts and replies are. By default Bluesky apps only know about PLC nameservers that are in Bluesky's registry.

And so even if I'm using custom hosting if Bluesky PLC nameserver delists my DID (or the nameserver that points to me?) most bluesky users will be unable to find me.

Bluesky is theoretically interested in moving this nameserver under a nonprofit consortium structure - where no one entity could prevent a nameserver from being listed - but no one is working on it, and BlueSky for years hasn't gotten around to it.

My questions are:

1. Is that right, or are there any promising nascent efforts to create a nameserver registry under a consortium structure?

2. Is it fair to ask users, potential users and developers to take it as an article of faith that BlueSky will fully support and partner with such a consortium (since it hasn't helped set one up already in the years of its development)?

3. If Bluesky has features that are not being "backported" to ATproto, does this not raise concerns about Bluesky's conflict of interest in its current stewardship of ATProtocol? One could imagine a situation where Bluesky "slow walks" contributions to ATProto out of its own private company interest in keeping its userbase on Bluesky servers.
that becomes more difficult though since older games are in essence collectors items and would be stolen or not returned. It's like if most of the books in the library were out of print books that were highly collectable, a recipe for disaster.

Not saying they made the wrong call here or anything, but there is clearly a gap here between old games being made available and legal options to access them, libraries tried to own a physical copy and distribute a digital copy, which was an attempt at a fair compromise, but if that isn't allowed either then I guess piracy is the only options now.
> [2] Obviously there's other problems such as people creating fake history, etc., if you're allowed to post backdated statuses.

I don't think it's a problem really, but I may be mistaken about what the goal of these platforms is. I can also create a fake history on a blog or news site and backdate posts. But in the odd case where it matters, say for a copyright dispute or something, it'd be very hard to pretend that the history is legit and very easy to find clues that it is not.
You can take your existing network with you, Mastodon has Accounts redirects and follower migrations. Your own content not yet. While Mastodon-the-software has an export function, there is no import as yet. But that is a solvable problem.

https://docs.joinmastodon.org/user/moving/
just as an aside, in political science/international relations, a "state" is what you are calling a nation state. A "nation" is like canadian first nations or the cherokee nation or the german nation before there was a german state (not very long ago), i.e. it's an ethnicity/language.

A nation state is when a nation and a state are combined, like Italy (a country, a polity, where the italian people live) and Japan. The USA is not a nation-state, it is just a state, nor is Canada.
NimConf 2024 – online Nim conference
Why do you think NATO actually cares about Ukrainians dying? People are dying everywhere on the planet from war, famine, disease etc on a daily basis. Look at Gaza. What makes the Ukraine situation different or special loosing sleep over in NATO?

If people in your country would be dying do you think other people in countries on the other side of the planet are gonna care enough to do anything radical about it?

Of course not, they're gonna send some symbolic aid along with thoughts and prayers and that's it, you're still on your own to solve your problem.

Nobody's gonna risk they're lives and livelihoods entering a conflict they have no skin in the game in unless there's something in it for them.

If you were to give NATO member citizens a vote today whether they'd rather have cheap food, cheap energy and a pre-2022 economy, at the expense of Ukraine falling, a lot of people would gladly make that trade.

People without luxury beliefs don't care about other people on the other side of the world if it means their own livelihoods have to suffer as a consequence, otherwise they wouldn't be buying 4$ shirts made by slaves in Bangladesh, or cheap coffee and bananas picked by slaves in LatAM, or electronics with cobalt mined by slaves in Africa.

It might not be a popular fact to say or hear, but it's still a fact nonetheless, and pretending otherwise would be just virtue signaling.
> What if the Chinese government decides to generate so much information at so much scale that people start believing it?

What if people respond to such a scenario by choosing not to believe Chinese misinformation?

When leaning into damned-if-you-do, damned-if-you-don't arguments about free speech, I prefer to favour the side that's against censorship. Let the people decide how they will handle their information. You really don't get good examples of governments using such powers nobly
I mostly fact check and do notable research for obscure Wikipedia articles. This is usually a no drama environment sure I have helped delete articles that later became notable and removed true facts lacking sources. Many of these things have fixed themselves over time. My biggest fear with Wikipedia is citogenesis https://xkcd.com/978/ I have found one in a major news paper, this took three months to take down.
Ask HN: Alternatives to PGP?
Are there any modern alternatives to PGP that are used to sign messages to verify identity?
I updated the benchmark [1] that I wrote to someone who responded to you to include a even/odd filter and take the minimum time of 100 runs. Python 3.13 is much faster for small lists, and a tiny bit faster for larger lists. The times are the time taken for iterating per entry in the list comprehension.

Running on Python 3.12.7 (main, Oct 2 2024, 15:45:55) [Clang 18.1.8 ]
16.69ns on N=100
18.84ns on N=1_000
15.88ns on N=10_000
14.26ns on N=100_000
14.70ns on N=1_000_000

Running on Python 3.13.0 (main, Oct 16 2024, 08:05:40) [Clang 18.1.8 ]
9.54ns on N=100
17.88ns on N=1_000
15.81ns on N=10_000
14.14ns on N=100_000
14.46ns on N=1_000_000

[1] https://gist.github.com/thomasaarholt/2e4d42cbf3f0de60c811bb...