skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
I'd say that nothing can be covered deeply in an introductory survey class. If it's being taught at the 101 level, the students don't yet have the math to scratch anything beneath the surface. And one of the points of op amps, if not the main point, is the correspondence between their mathematical representation, and their real world behavior.

There are entire books about op amps and their uses. They're a cornerstone of analog design.
Password managers aren't replacements for passkeys
They would have a burst acrylic cube on return. This fast growers are simply too big and too heavy to be contained
> if you happen to work on corp-infra or other tooling/support role [...] you actually have a rather large impact [...] in terms of helping reduce the number of bad developer days.

This, 1,000x.

- CI/CD pipeline needs attention: Bad day

- Dev env down: Bad day

- Infrastructure via ServiceNow: Bad day

- Change review board: Kill me now
> the andean evolution and the tibetan evolution which are a bit different - which makes this a case of convergent evolution.

Only in function; they're very different in form. The Tibetan suite of adaptations uses more efficient hemoglobin; the Andean suite uses larger amounts of hemoglobin.

This is generally explained as reflecting the much, much, much, much greater age of the Tibetan suite.

There is a third standard example of a suite of high-altitude adaptations in humans, found in Ethiopian highlanders. For whatever reason, it sees almost 100% less discussion.
> free software is software you don't have to pay money to use, it doesn't matter if you have access to the code or not.

Free software is software that grants the four essential freedoms [0].
It doesn't matter if it's gratis or not.

[0]: https://www.gnu.org/philosophy/free-sw.en.html#four-freedoms
Yeah it was really concerning to hear someone from Google saying that BigInt doesn't have a use case. It is both used and important!
Ahh the good times I remember designing and building some configurable audio crossovers with “memories” so they could be adjusted and stored. This was of course before DSPs were even a thing. We gave up because the only solutions were inserting mosfets on the opamp loop or using transconductance opamps. Both solutions were terrible in terms of audio quality, we decided for “cartridges” that were the whole x-over stage.
It’s fitting that you would quote Yeats, yet another guy who predicted an apocalypse that never came.
Ask HN: A philosophical issue has been bugging me. What are your thoughts?
This came out of a debate between me and a couple friends who live in Silicon Valley. I went out to visit them, and we got to talking about industry history, including members of this community who aren’t a part of it anymore, and then the conversation turned to morose realizations like how, for all we do to ensure we are remembered, we’ll all be forgotten in 10,000 years, which is not a long time at all. So then we started arguing and couldn’t resolve this question. Which life, of the two, is better?

Life A: your proximity to an event that is a national embarrassment to your friend, ironically, brings fame to you despite your having only moderate talent. You spin this fame into a startup, then another, and then eventually become a top figure in the investor community. You make billions and have so many followers on social media, you can say something utterly stupid (which you frequently do) and still get 500 likes.

Life B: you are an obscure writer, mostly ignored and occasionally hated. Your talent is obvious, and some of your work is masterpiece level, but every single thing you do to achieve publicity fails. Nevertheless it is quietly understood that, if you are remembered at all in 100 years, you will be acknowledged as one of the greatest minds of your times.

Which one, in the final analysis, actually wins?
In America 2024, $250 dinner eats you!
> We are increasingly hitting weird blocks on messaging due to being grandfathered in before TCR.

AFAIK, being grandfathered in before TCR isn't a thing. The blocking is inconsistent because the enforcement is inconsistent.

TCR enforcement (filtering SMS) is done by carriers who choose to use it on their services.

Primarily, TCR lists are used by wireless carriers, to filter SMS messages before they reach handsets. Primarily, that carrier is T-Mobile.

TCR is mostly a T-Mobile effort and they are it's largest enforcer. I have a T-Mobile number and a VoIP number.

I used to have SMS to my VoIP be forwarded to my T-Mobile - until T-Mobile began dropping 100% of those messages.

I have a dual SIM phone and SMS are now forwarded to my AT&T number. For now, they're arriving. If that stops, I'll have them forwarded to my Google Voice number.

I don't know if AT&T or Verizon currently utilize TCR filtering. They may, somewhat. If not, I'd guess they will but won't fully adopt T-Mobile's model.

It should be noted that VoIP providers are a primary competitor to T-Mobile; I am not at all surprised T-Mobile would single them out. It fits with T-Mobile's other anti-competitive practices - like blocking Google voice calls from handsets (ex:mine).
Like nearly all the articles about AI doing "testing" or any other skilled activity, the last part of it admits that it is an unreliable method. What I don't see in this article-- which I suspect is because they haven't done any-- is any description of a competent and reasonably complete testing process of this method of writing "tests." What they probably did is to try this, feel good about it (because testing is not their passion, so they are easily impressed), and then mark it off in their minds as a solved problem.

The retort by AI fanboys is always "humans are unreliable, too." Yes, they are. But they have other important qualities: accountability, humility, legibility, and the ability to learn experientially as well as conceptually.

LLM's are good at instantiating typical or normal patterns (based on its training data). Skilled testing cannot be limited to typicality, although that's a start. What I'd say is that this is an interesting idea that has an important hazard associated with it: complacency on the part of the developer who uses this method, which turns things that COULD be missed by a skilled tester into things that are GUARANTEED to be missed.
Of course not. I think you misunderstand, if a game is too similar to real life, I am unsure why I should play it, whereas if it is fairly different, such as an FPS, it becomes much more fun for me. My question is primarily on the former, of why people seem to play a game that basically is like work but has no benefit for them. If it's fun for them, then that's fine, but my question more, why is it fun for them in the first place? That's really what I want to figure out.
The whisper of death is a risk.
Are you talking about the debunking videos that highlight that the Cybertruck only beat the Porsche in the 1/8 mile and not the whole quarter mile? And that Cybertruck is still basically a 10 second truck?

It's honestly a absurd and funny to me how fast the truck is. It's like seeing an elephant fly. It's even funnier to see people get angry at it.

I definitely don't like marketing and ads, but that's literally how all ads work. It doesn't debunk some of the insane performance characteristics.
Cline and Continue
Not a bad idea, but the purpose of the legislation is to prevent Surfside from happening again. Newer buildings were built with different regulations and brand new buildings likely have fees commiserate with their age, as they were more recently inspected.
[dupe] https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=41937666
Sorry—I was focusing on bias in US media. (I live in the US)

> As he himself said, he came into the topic biased against Israel, went to the West Bank to "study" the issue for 10 days only, chose not to talk to any Israeli at all to get any other side of the issue

What is the other side of the issue? He and actually experts who study Israel call it apartheid. Is it not? If it is, is there a justification for implementing it? Or maybe I’m missing your point.
JavaScript developers yet again rediscover bytecode!
I would assume such a high-performance system uses bomb-grade material.
That's only because there's no way for service operators to effectively complain when your clients continue to hit service ips for 55 minutes after you should. And if there was, we'd first yell at all the people who continue to hit service ips for weeks and months after a change... by the time we get to complaining about one home using an hour ttl, it's not a big deal.
> gases - nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, etc all have this effect

What effect are you talking about? Those gases all have very different, unrelated effects.

> In fact some states are using nitrogen for executions

The nitrogen isn't harmful; the cause of death is the amount of oxygen (zero), not the amount of nitrogen (slightly more than normal).

> although it’s not exactly humane

That's just propaganda. Exceptionally dishonest propaganda. You should be ashamed to repeat it.
I suppose I should have been clearer, while I don't like spam, the issue is that TCR is about much more.

There was some discussion about dual SIM solutions with a cloned SIM in a different thread. But even ignoring the potential for incurring our carrier's wrath, with not all messages will be available to both parties, it doesn't meet the minimal functional requirements.
RuneScape did not, and did have massive inflation, to the point that some players would have trouble keeping their wealth in gold coins due to hitting the signed integer limit.
Heh thanks for dropping the link! The dream of the 90s is alive thanks to Wasm GC.
Only from China. Non-communist non-dumping, friendly states are welcome to compete.
Ask HN: Detection Engineering Primer
I'm teaching a course on intrusion detection at depth and creating a module on Hands-on Detection engineering. Has anyone developed a lab, I can reuse? Otherwise what i'm thinking of creating is a Ubuntu VM with Wazzup as SIEM and some pre-baked logs, I'll then have the students write and test their detections in Python. Thoughts?
Ah, OK, yeah that makes sense.

FWIW, using IPv6 might be an option here?
Bring back counterculture hackers
absolutely - one for the great minds to play with while running in great circles and one that passes https://jslint.com and is allowed to be on the internet.
Related: I like the "down to" operator: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/1642028/what-is-the-oper...

(No, it's not a real operator, it's another case of weird but allowed spacing causing confusion)
FTA:

“The paper defined an ideal power plan that can output 1 kW per kg of weight.

This is currently well outside the realm of possibility, with the best ion thruster power sources coming at something like 10 W per kg and even nuclear electric propulsion systems outputting 100 W per kg.”
> We didn't have many outages due to DNS, because we had fallback ips to contact chat in our clients.

Exactly! When you control the client, you don't even need DNS. Things are actually even more secure when you don't use it, nothing to DDoS or hijack. When FB broke one set of LB's, the clients should have just routed to another set of LB's, by IP.
I can more readily(?) accept ones which mis-label their announcements of "Open Source!!1 under My Awesome License 1.0beta" than I can rug-pulls. Look, if you wanna use some rights-harming license and just shit on the term "Open Source," that's bad, but from a certain perspective understandable if the marketing folks don't grok the nuances of Open Source. The world is filled with misguided people, and I can just command-w the window and never use your product

But if you accept contributions from the community for years, and ingrain your product in hundreds of thousands of workflows around the world, and only then decide "holy shit, salaries cost money, best yank our license" that should be a case of fraud and you should be civilly liable, in my opinion
The success of TypeScript, a syntactic superset of JS and recently the fastest growing programming language, seems to confirm it.
Presumably (s/he thinks) the other hedge funds are not also market makers.
Even if we would assume that everything you say is true, does this make it reasonable to claim, today, that we can call something “Open Source” if it isn’t OSI-approved? No, I would say that, today, “Open Source” is what OSI says it is. Only weasels try to claim otherwise; i.e. the only people I see doing it are weasels who are trying to defend the indefensible by arguing the definition of words.
Really threw in a wrench in my day once when I realized guest accounts were disabled years ago, I just wanted to hand a laptop over to a 3 year old to watch paw patrol and to create a new user it was having me go through a Microsoft account flow complete with 3 security questions. I didn't feel any safer afterwards.
I've found myself in playtime with Claude 3.5 lately; it scratches both itches very satisfyingly.
> Apollo was certainly a monumental engineering achievement, but did it require that we 100X the state of the art efficiency of some critical tech?

One order of magnitude in propulsion.

When Kennedy made his “We choose to go to the Moon” speech [1], our most powerful rocket was the Saturn I. Its H-1 engines thrusted at 200k lbf [2]. The Saturn V’s F-1s did 1.5mm lbf [3]. (The Saturn V, similarly, could lift an order of magnitude more mass to LEO than the Saturn I.)

It wouldn’t surprise me to find 100x increases in some material’s performance, et cetera.

[1] https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/We_choose_to_go_to_the_Moon

[2] https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rocketdyne_H-1

[3] https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rocketdyne_F-1
> I'm left wondering what's so deep about these things we do in week 2 of EE 101.

Part core concept, part outdated nonsense that's taught due to tradition.

If you've got components that can halve a voltage, then by putting that in a feedback loop you can double a voltage.

And you can make an accurate amplifier even if some of your components - like the op-amp's gain - are inaccurate. So long as your voltage-halving components are accurate, your voltage doubler will be accurate whether your op-amp's gain is 10000x or 20000x

You can chuck other components into the feedback loop too - want a higher current output from your voltage doubler? Have the op-amp control a high-power transistor.

You know how a feedback loop can turn a voltage-halver into a voltage-doubler? It can invert other mathematical functions too. Put a capacitor into your op-amp circuit and you can integrator or differentiate. There are even op-amp circuits for summing inputs!

You now understand feedback loops, precise gains, power output stages, integration and differentiation. You can now make a PID controller - a key concept in control theory! Just what you need to position control a robot's joints.

Except making PID controllers out of op-amps is obsolete; they're all done in software these days.
For some inspirational promotion of building local-scale water harvesting structures (swales, check dams, ponds, ...) for improving individual watersheds, I've enjoyed the YouTube videos of Oregon State horticulturalist Andrew Millison https://www.youtube.com/@amillison/videos for instance https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DXqkSh7P7Lc
"Secure Java" is something I recall hearing decades ago. No idea if it still exists.

The more important thing to consider, however, is the fact that CLR, JVM, etc. provide internal memory safety whereas Wasm runtimes don't.

e.g. a C program that goes sufficiently out of bounds on an array is guaranteed to segfault in the C runtime, but that runtime error does not necessarily occur on a wasm target. That is to say, the program in the sandbox can have totally strange runtime behavior -- still, defined behavior according to wasm -- although the program has undefined behavior in the source language. In the case of JVM languages, this can't really happen.
Only if it doesn't depend on binary libraries, or anything beyond its batteries.
Until reading this article I never really understood what an op-amp actually did (I remember coming across them as high schooler and being confused).
First of all - very cool that they were able to image this and work out the mechanical mechanism in such detail.

Second - the rupture event looks so violent but iiuc it’s actually highly controlled:
- the rupture site is thinned early in the ovulation process
- the expansion step pulls in fluid to the ovary (builds internal pressure)
- the contraction phase restricts the cell volume (which also builds internal pressure)
- the oocyte is launched out of the cell at a relatively high speed
Mostly the same for me. But man it is fun discovering that an anti-VOIP check was added to a service after I had already associated my GV number years earlier. And now every single text 2FA prompt is sent directly into the aether.

Luckily that's only happened twice in 4+ years and both times they had an email recovery flow.
I would change that wording to say that: it's mostly reliable, but not perfect and not as objective as it purports to be.
I've never ever come up with a scenario where RR DNS is useful in the goal of achieving high availability. I'm similarly mystified.

What can be useful: dynamically adjusting DNS responses depending on what DC is up. But at this point shouldn't you be doing something via BGP instead? (This is where my knowledge breaks down.)
The Bolt EUV is the perfect EV, and it’s a travesty that they stopped selling it. Hopefully the talk of them bringing it back is true.
I am certain this would mainly add problems while not improving performance as websites would just add more stuff on top until it's again on a barely tolerable level, for both the user and the developer who know probably has to manage yet another super simple, blazingly fast tool to keep everything running.
I have all my devices in a Tailscale network with MagicDNS enabled. This way you can just open http://RPI:8080 and that should just work.

(I am not affiliated with Tailscale in any way.)
Yeah I was very confused by them in high school, I just internalized "op amps are weird" and then became a biologist. This article was a great explainer. Similar feedback loops happen in biology!
Sure I guess, I don't know why UAC gets so much hate while sudo gets so much praise.

UAC is strictly better than sudo IMO.

Does UAC solve security for windows? Of course not, but we were comparing against sudo here.
This isn’t really true on a practical level any more. ES6 support is very widespread (97% of all web users according to caniuse.) That even includes module import syntax!

There are still some new language features that need to be transpiled, but most projects do not need to worry about transpiling cost/let/arrow functions/etc.

I mean even newer features like nullish coalescing and optional chaining are at 93-94% support.

At the end of the day, I would say tools like babel for transpiling are less and less important. Yes, you still use a bundler because the web has a lot of runtime constraints other native applications don’t have (gotta ship a tiny bundle so the page loads fast), but it’s better for the language features to be implemented in the VM and not just faked with more JS.
check out Kali Linux for more ids/ips prepackaged tools.
Given Google's power a decade later, with Safari left as the only non-Chrome clone with market relevance, it hardly makes a difference.

Additionally we already have LLVM all over the place, alongside JVM and CLR, it is the most deployed compiler infrastructure with contributions at the same level as the Linux kernel.
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Price is a key factor. Also, the UX on that seems very featureful. I recently reviewed a Wi-Fi only (but more expensive) device: https://taoofmac.com/space/blog/2024/09/29/1900 - and compared it to my own homebrew Pi Zero-based piKVMs - and there is certainly a “wave” of new entrants into this market.

I’m curious to see if their crowdfunding pans out, and how much the final devices will cost, given that they’ve probably spent (proportionally) too much on the display. A display is helpful, yes, but… You can do without it, and the Sipheed NanoKVM hints at the possibility of even cheaper, OSS hardware coming down the pipe (I have two of those on order).
I like Ghost.

I took my monthly costs down from 30$ to 4$ HN tells me I'm still wasting money.

I expect nothing less.

Ghost is much easier to use than editing and commiting markdown files. I'm also able to create posts programmatically via an API.

I guess this could all be done with Markdown too, but it would make things harder.
FB likes to break everything all at once anyway... And healtchecking the load balancers wasn't working either. So DNS to regional balancers was sending people to the wrong place, and the anycast ips might have worked if you were lucky, but you might have gotten a PoP that was broken.

The servers behind it were fine, if you could get to one. You could push broken DNS responses, I suppose, but it's harder than breaking a load balancer.
So throwing out literally 99% of what makes the web actually portable and useful?

A random drawn rectangle is not a UI, it’s not accessible, not inspectable, not part of the de facto OS native toolkit.

If all we wanted is a random cross-platform canvas element to draw onto from a vm, it could be solved in a weekend. There are million examples of that.
To clarify on "grandfathering": our use of the service predated our provider's involvement with TCR. Any new accounts created with the provider now requires you provide complete information on your business and its purpose to qualify for the product. As our account existed before that time, and they still wanted to take our money, they didn't cancel our account. Yet.
I like their designs well enough, but I’d hardly call them “out of the box”. Slightly edgy.
After spending time trying to drill down to the actual data, I see stuff like this in the report as (one of) the first proofs they offer for how productivity did not decrease:

"Information was collected on cases actively being
worked on — added, edited, or closed — at the Reykjavík
Service Centres before and after the trial started in
March 2015. The number of active cases at the two
service centres did not decrease during the trial, but
in fact increased overall — which can be partially
explained by seasonal factors. However, it seems
nevertheless clear that the trial did not have a negative
effect on the processing of cases."

Isn't that .. just completely wild?

"We analyzed how many open cases they had before and after the hour reduction, and actually the open cases increased, which goes completely against the results we're claiming, but hey, it's probably just from "seasonal variations" that we won't spend any breath explaining to the reader, so yeah, even though the results directly conflict with our conclusion, somehow that means that our conclusion is right."
But in this scenario there are many more parties involved than just "the police". So you can't "just fix the police behavior" for a "solution". You'd have to "fix" any and every party that already exists or pops up in the future.

This kind of issue is inherent to any system where identifiers are recycled, particularly when that recycling happens on demand. It's not "fixable", at best it's combatable. And trying to language police away the symptom and blaming it all on the pivotal participants supports and achieves neither.