skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
> If you were in charge of a large and well funded model, would you rather pay people to find and "cheat" on LLM benchmarks by training on them, or would you pay people to identify benchmarks and make reasonably sure they specifically get excluded from training data?

You should already know by now that economic incentives are not always aligned with science/knowledge...

This is the true alignment problem, not the AI alignment one hahaha
There is an opportunity to develop black-box benchmarks and offer them to LLM providers to support their testing phase. If I were in their place, I would find it incredibly valuable to have such tamper-proof testing before releasing a model.
The Inefficiency of the Fossil Energy System
I'm being snarky because I believe that giving traffic other than cars priority at crossings and in roundabouts is the way to go.

I live on a busy city street; traffic has become worse and worse and it has become ever more difficult to cross the street. This has in recent years been alleviated by two means: some unmarked crossings with a traffic island between the lanes, meaning now you have a relatively safe spot that allows you to cross while paying attention to one direction at a time. The other is a zebra crossing where cars have to stop for crossing pedestrians. The latter works very well and I much prefer it to the traffic islands and to the traffic lights that are further down the street.

And yes the cars (and cyclists) have to stop for pedestrians, but that is intentional: yield to the weaker one. Besides traffic has become so congested overall that it's not like there's any measurable time lost for the car driver, and who ever accounted for the endless waiting times that pedestrians have to endure at traffic light crossings when walking the city? In any event the daily traffic jam is definitely not caused by bicycles or pedestrians, with or without priority given to them—it is 100% caused by cars.
Questions about Ozempic and wegovy answered easily by this AI tool
Switching CPU architecture is not about changing a compilation option, it's about eliminating centuries old assembly codes, binaries, and third party components and re-engineering everything to be self hosted on-prem at the company. Commercial software companies are reckless and stupid lazy and unbelievably inept, so lots of them won't be able to do this, especially for the second time.

In case this translation was needed at all. The point is the point is not a "-riscv" compilation option.
They cannot be found out as long as there is no better evaluation. Sure, if they produce obvious nonsense, but the point of a systematic evaluation is exactly to overcome subjective impressions based on individual examples as a notion of quality.

Also, you are right that excluding test data from the training data improves your model. However, given the insane amounts of training data, this requires significant effort. If that additionally leads to your model performing worse in existing leaderboards, I doubt that (commercial) organizations would pay for such an effort.

And again, as long as there is no better evaluation method, you still won't know how much it really helps.
To me at least it makes so much more sense to be like:

1. I am going to work on $X

2. autocommit

3. My work on $X is done

rather than

1. I make changes

2. I am done making changes

3. Now I have to describe what I changed and how

Maybe this is just me, but with git it is at times hard at times to hit the right balance in terms of commit granularity — and for my flow planning forward ("I am gonna do $X") rather than describing what I did ("I did $X") seems more.. focused?
Lots of water that you don't really need, so hardly makes a difference...
Your webpage is gorgeous, congrats!
Show HN: B2B Growth Hack
> The fourth level, says Altman, will be the "innovators" capable of creating new knowledge

> There are arguably examples of all five levels running here and there around the world, and there have been for many years

What are examples of AI creating new knowledge?
Isn't the point of OTP is to keep it on one device only (ideally not the primary one?) If someone gets access to iCloud then they will automatically be able to read all OTP passwords?
Our CI took 2 minutes to install the requirements. Adding UV dropped that to seconds. Now most time is spent on running tests, instead of installing requirements.

Of course we could've cached the venv, but cache invalidation is hard, and this is a very cheap way to avoid it.
Failed to realize doge prime was supposed to only count prime-numbered wows until after looking at the game's code.

From the game's script:

function isFibonacci(numberToCheck) {
return (
isSquare(5 * numberToCheck * numberToCheck + 4) ||
isSquare(5 * numberToCheck * numberToCheck - 4)
)
}

How does that end up working for all numbers?
StackOverflow CEO: Building trust in AI is key to thriving knowledge ecosystem
It's only 75Hz. Why can't they make a decent pro monitor with a reasonable refresh rate?
The Life and Death and Life and Probable Death of a Startup
Depends on usage, but the stack which is essentially Nodejs + Postgres is relatively low footprint. The most demanding workload is "next build", which you can do outside your server.

As a rule of thumb, you could start with the following setup:

if you run "next build" on the server: 2CPU / 4Gb RAM
if you upload the built artifacts to the server: 1CPU / 2Gb RAM
Ask HN: What's a good Chinese language equivalent to HN?
it seems to me that :hover and :focus are doing the same job in this case - indicating the target of the next action. I don’t see this as “repurposing”.
Yeah but why don't we have like 500MB of SRAM per 8GB of RAM. Certain addresses could be faster, in the same way /dev/shm/ is faster.
I think you are on the mark. And, also, it's a happy accident that this also means an advantage for CoPilot.
This is really interesting actually, but I do want to point out that I'm not saying all old knowledge is only of interest to historians: I was arguing against the idea that some old knowledge is "locked away" and not publicly available as part of some kind of conspiracy.

Lots of old knowledge is readily available to the public. The complete works of Shakespeare are a good example here, as is Homer's epics The Odyssey and The Iliad. (I don't know if that TCM stuff is or not.) These kinds of things are considered "classics" and are frequently reproduced, now available online in countless places, etc. Obviously, lots of people besides historians think they're important, and so they're copied frequently and made available at large. As the famous rule goes, "99% of everything is crap", so probably all the best stuff from the past is well-preserved, and the rest, not so much. I seriously doubt that something as good as Shakespeare is locked away in someone's private library and virtually unknown to almost anyone.

Of course, there's always exceptions and you never know when some overlooked tidbit of info from the distant past might be really useful, as you showed here, so I do think it's important to preserve and enable easy access to as many old works as possible.
Hopefully not with Gandi, because then they also have a "move domain" entry in their TODO list!
https://github.com/bobjansen/patchy-py

Patchy.py allows you to keep define a Python function as the result of another function and a diff.
Disk speed is definitely a key factor. Solid state is dramatically lower latency than HDDs were, while DRAM latency in absolute terms has been pretty constant for a long time. So even if you're doing something very demanding that works with large amounts of data relative to standard quantities of RAM (a situation that gets harder to come by,) having it all in RAM at the same time is much less important than back in the 90s/00s.
The BBC aren't really independent of the government. They like to claim this and mostly get away with it, because British governments tend to be lenient with them and don't interfere. But they depend on taxes for the bulk of their income, their existence is defined by law and the government appoints the person who runs it. A change of government could completely change the BBC tomorrow and there'd be nothing anyone working there could do about it.
Even Wingdings?
I tend to agree with you. “Unordered” is very strange when clearly it is consistently “ordered” by some function(name, insertion_id) to facilitate low latency lookup.

The iteration order seems arbitrary to a human, but that is exclusively because function(name, insertion_id) is not optimized for a human. It seems strange to call the collection “unordered” because of how it appears to a human.
You can get patents on novel re-applications of existing substances, iirc. So that's not a blocker either. Besides, academic research just simply try out existing off-patent medicines to see if any work.
Even if they did, since they allow more people to move around town, wouldn't that be a net win? Every person on a bike is one fewer car on the road; less danger to others, less noise, less air pollution. By disincentivicing car use, fewer people will choose to drive, which is a win for everybody outside the vehicle.
I wrote a program in C++ that used a function pointer to a function within the program, mem-copied the function to another location in memory and executed the replica. I had placed a breakpoint in the original function before copying, and the breakpoint got copied over too. The debugger encountered the breakpoint in the replica function, did not know where it came from and thereby acted. It was fun.

Alright, this wasn't exactly useless as I was trying to learn how debuggers work.
> it allows the program counter to be used a general purpose register

From a CPU emulator writer's perspective this isn't all that strange. For instance on Z80 the immediate jump instruction `JP nnnn` is loading a 16-bit immediate value into the internal PC register, which is the same thing as loading a 16-bit value into a regular register pair (e.g. 'LD HL,nnnn') - e.g. the mnemonics for the jump instruction could just as well be `LD PC,nnnn` ;)

A relative jump (which does a signed-add of an 8-bit offset value to the 16-bit address in PC) is the same math as the Z80 indexed addressing mode (IX+d) and (IY+d) (I don't know though if the same transistors are used).

A RET (load 16-bit value from stack into PC) is the the same operation as a POP (load 16-bit value from stack into a regular register pair).

...so it's almost surprising that the program counter isn't exposed as a regular register in most (traditional) CPUs. I guess in modern CPUs it's not so simple because of the internal pipelining though.
Cycle infrastructure needs to be continuous, feel safe to ride, and exist where people actually go to, not near the riverside.

Build them and they will come.

Cycle infra is not only cycle lanes. Cycle lanes are needed only where cars move fast (>30kmh). What is even more important is traffic calming in residential streets. LTNs, modal filters etc. Build for people, not cars.
Inuit Disc Number
Exactly and in my opinion, this is (in parts) what kills the value proposition of Apple hardware recently. If you are going to have to pay a lot for software, why bother with a platform that was supposed to simplify development to make it less expensive to dev small software?
People have forgotten what the Mac and its UI/framework were all about.

As for the mobile platforms I just don't care for it much anymore. I think Jobs was right from the get go with the iPhone: the functionality that was first announced is the most important, every else is just not very necessary. Most apps are a wrapper for a web app for some smart caching anyway.
In any case the small screen size and obligatory use of fingers for input make it a slow imprecise tool for any doing stuff and I believe this is why the smartphone is such a content consumption addiction machine, there is just not much else that it does well...
>What also matgers is the quality of the infrastracture, with lanes with a paint seperation and bicycle paths on walkways being the worst and separate infrastructure with hard barriers being the best.

I partially disagree: I'd rank lanes with paint separation the very worst, and bicycle paths on walkways as being in the middle. Painted lanes are extremely hazardous and deadly to cyclists, whereas bicycle paths on walkways are only somewhat hazardous to pedestrians. They're not great like the separate lanes with hard barriers as you said, but they're not nearly as horrible as trying to get cyclists to ride alongside fast-moving cars and trucks.
You know, I attended an all-boys high school, and the cavalier, ignorant attitude exhibited above is exactly the kind of thing that routinely prevents and intimidates boys and men from pursuing the sort of education they deserve.

My parents gave me two choices. Our neighborhood was close to three Catholic schools: one was co-ed, one was all-girls, and the other was all-boys. My father had attended the all-boys school, and the first time we visited, I found the computer lab well-stocked with machines I liked, and so it was a done deal from that day forward.

I found the all-boys environment to be very comfortable, and it allowed many of us to be ourselves, just at that critical point of adolescent maturity when our individuality may have been hampered by social pressures of impressing girls, or being insulted/outperformed by girls.

Our school has a close relationship with the all-girls one, and so we had many joint projects, such as plays in the drama department, school dances, and other social events. Summer school classes were open to girls as well, and so there was no shortage of girls around. There were also female teachers, in addition to the clergy and laymen who taught and coached there.

I'll say it was just fine to have an all-boys locker room and all-boys P.E. because it was a time when I was extremely self-conscious about physical stuff. Our all-boys band helped me to grow and express myself. I really enjoyed it as an extra-curricular activity.

Single-gender schools aren't for everyone. But I believe it's sort of a lost art today, when so many colleges have just collapsed into mixed-gender institutions, that indeed, young men are being emasculated and intimidated by strong feminine influences there.
I would assume that 3.5 means that the base training (which takes weeks/month) wasn't changed but only finetuning happened.
Swift solves this by using witness tables. Witness table is a skeleton of the desired record shape. It records offsets of desired fields as found in the actual supplied record. Each function call the actual record is not passed, but its corresponding witness table instead.

For instance, if the "prototype" of the argument is {int foo, float bar}, and I supply {int foo, int baz, float bar}, the table will be {foo: base+0 bytes, bar: base+8 bytes}.
What makes GotBackup stand out is its comprehensive feature set. You get 6 TB of cloud storage, and it works across multiple devices, making it incredibly versatile. On top of that, there’s a built-in email marketing system that adds significant value by allowing you to engage with potential customers directly.

Imagine turning a necessary expense into a steady stream of income. As I dove deeper into using GotBackup, I realized the earnings potential through its referral program is genuinely impressive. People are already making money with GotBackup, and you could be next!
I am not even opposed to violent videogames morally, I just wish there were more creativity in big budget gaming. One of the most interactive mediums available to society, and billions of dollars each year goes into another set of Shooty McMann goes Shooting, Guns Edition.

Sorry, small tangent. This project is still super impressive and I have played thousands of hours of CS so it's cool to see.
SEO Mastery Part One: SEO 101 – Building a Strong Foundation
> That also crushes other demand: no one is using gyms near their office, or getting gas to/from work, or grabbing coffee and lunch at places nearby. Fewer sales there, so even less tax, and eventually less people working there and potentially going out of business.

Yeah but at the some time downtown became more alive, the center has shifted so to say or became more fuzzy.
China is not sanctioned.
i love your examples, you know why @nojvek? it's because they clearly show next-level challenges in tech projects, not easily replaceable or automatable. i've always believed that as the world keeps automating, we need to climb the ladder of abstraction - that way you stay (relatively) safe :)
The Importance of Typing Fast (2023)
Don’t need to convince everybody, just the majority.
When I study the architecture of newly released processors, I'm overwhelmed by the complexity. Branch prediction, pipelining, superscalar, etc, etc. I consider modern CPUs to be excessively complicated due to programming languages still mostly being single imperative execution stream oriented.
For those OOTL
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MpmGXeAtWUw
Do you also praise Python for having http.server?
That would be a nice explanation, but some people with @gmail.com were also removed from the list.
They chose to illustrate the article with a picture of a woman lying on grass, with one hand hidden and the other with 6 fingers? That's either a very self-aware or completely unaware choice.
Silent audio streams keep running in Firefox and burn CPU
Babies can at least manipulate the physical world. Large language model can never be defined as AGI until it can control a general purpose robot, similar to how human brain controls our body's motor functions.
This is getting ridiculous:

"The population of Michigan in 2023 was 10,037,261, a 0.04% increase from 2022."—https://www.macrotrends.net/global-metrics/states/michigan/p...

"Michigan is the third-most populous state in the Midwestern United States, with a population of 10,077,331 according to the 2020 United States census."—https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demographics_of_Michigan

This is only in response to the editorialized headline used here, I'm not saying anything about the linked article.
The situation with IA is one thing, but the general negative attitude of libraries and archives to public access is something I've observed too, and it's depressing.

For instance, they can spend a lot of effort digitizing an archive they got from a business active from 1890 to 1970 - and then put it all in a single collection, which the public won't get access to until 2070. There's no reason to think the business handled sensitive personal information, but it's too much work to check, so they assume it did. They could classify individual documents according to whether they were actually from before 1920, but that's too much work too.
It's interesting that many with CS/CE background believes in irreversible death of Sapir-Whorf hypothesis and victory of the Universal Grammar Theory, while many from the exact same cohort are able to trivially explain how tightly coupled ISA and CPU implementation are and how mutually incompatible different ISAs can be.

I mean, it's most likely overlaps and not actually the same set of people, but I find it ironic and funny.
The demo is not supposed to wow the technical people. The business people whose budgets will pay for this are less likely to notice.
Oh, bother
I'm a bit skeptical about this working well enough to handle exceptions as soon as something out of the ordinary occurs. But it seems this could work great for automated testing.

Has anyone tried asking "use computer" to do "Please write a selenium/capybara/whatever test for filling out this form and sending it?"

That would take away some serious drudge work. And it's not a big problem if it fails, contrary to when it makes a mistake in filling out a form in an actual business process.
This market is all about hype and mindshare, proper testing is hard and not performed by individuals, so there are no incentives not to train a bit on the test set.
> That’s the conclusion of a new report published this week by the Global Commission on the Economics of Water—a group of leading scientists and economists formed in 2022 whose mission is to assess the state of Earth’s hydrological systems and how those systems are being managed. The results are not encouraging. The report finds that demand for fresh water will outstrip supply by more than 40 percent by the end of the decade, mostly due to stresses caused by climate change.

We're marching ourselves straight into disaster that will affect hundreds of millions of people. Are we ever going to wake up and do something about it as a species?
Anime Is Japan's Next Global Champion
https://www.wsj.com/finance/stocks/anime-is-japans-next-glob...

Archive below is missing some relevant charts/graphs so maybe try the above link for those.

https://archive.is/N2gV8
> Cycles have right of way, which prevents cars from exiting the roundabout smoothly. At rush hour, this very quickly generates massive queues

Isn’t that more a result of the roundabout being overloaded? That particular one can be quite full even in non-bike weather.
>when the incumbent has almost as good efficiency and performance.

The incumbent is the only two companies -Intel and AMD- that can make x86 hardware.

The alternative is the rest of the industry.

Thus having a migration path should be plenty on its own.

Intel and AMD can both join by making RISC-V or ARM hardware themselves. My take is that they will too, eventually, come around. Or they'll just disappear from relevance.
LinkedIn confirms the 'follower purge' was just a bug that's now resolved
No need to elaborate on that, as mentioned you made a very reasonable statement.

Congrats on coming to a conclusion based on facts rather than brand-image.

Rivian seems to have produced a good car, especially considering the young age of the company.
> entire idea of a truly guaranteed pension is not feasible and always leads to a pyramid scheme and then insolvency

Sure. But the point of full faith and credit is it's irreversible. (Actually, the point of credit, period. You can't declare your past debts pyramid schemes and unilaterally absolve yourself of them.)
Rails 8 Authentication Generator
to be fair, almost all technological progress started out as something vague with no obvious purpose. not the best example but a famous one is number theory which was admired by the likes of hardy specifically because of its supposed uselessness - they considered this a feature. now everything encryption is based on it. but yes, i think space flight is a billionaire's fever dream and the rest cares about it because it is kind of cool or whatever. i think it distracts us from here and now. it's stupid to argue we need mars to save the species when inhabiting mars would be much more difficult and unpleasant than make do with this planet here. also it's mostly just military arms race disguised by peaceful and civil motivation.
Doesn't seem like it. For instance the WPA enterprise setup dialog has a field specifically for a CA certificate[1]. Other OSes have something similar [2]. Presumably that's only used for WPA authentication purposes rather than being added as a sytem CA.

[1] https://askubuntu.com/questions/1317320/how-can-i-automatica...

[2] https://documentation.meraki.com/MR/Encryption_and_Authentic...
Maybe HLL stands for “High Level Language”?
Arthur C Clarke once suggested some supernova may be industrial accidents.

It's a strangely romantic idea and one that is Clarke through and through!
Some intuitions about LLMs
Dear API Providers
Still on the front page. https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=41914989
Doesn't look like it :( too busy with our 'smart'phones.
Yea, we’ll use all the power useful for making clean water from the ocean for AI, and the shareholders will be so happy they can continue to extract value from those aquifers for a while longer :)
If anybody is interested in in go for it, you can use server from repository and only code client side in godot than purchase bunch of cool assets and AAA game is born
Have we ever done anything as a species?
Institutions as Emergent Computational Systems