skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
> Often a BJT or power fet is all they need (say for a basic relay trigger).

Perhaps you mean BJT+resistor+diode+relay or FET+diode+relay is all they need?

The value in the module is that it includes the necessary components required so that the circuit doesn't break. And such breaking is highly destructive to the learning process. You need to get kids excited about what they might be able to do on a larger scale, before you can trick them into studying the lower level details and diligence required to make it happen.

My own childhood explorations in electronics were stunted due to not understanding that BJTs were current devices, and what all those resistors were for. I'd try to modify a circuit, destroy a transistor, and then no amount of playing around would get things working again. Especially on those toy kits where every component was broken out into spring terminals - I basically learned that the transistor section was verboten unless I was building something exactly from the manual. Sometimes I ponder how much earlier I would have understood electronics in an alternative timeline that emphasized 2N7000's instead of 2N3904's.
Do Claude artifacts make the case for an AI store?
How are the public and private keys generated and stored?
> But I think the most basic of restrictions like mandating watermarks or tracing material of some kind in it might be possible and really that might do a lot to mitigate the worst problems.

Watermarking output (anything that is detectable that is part of the structure of the text, visual--if even imperceptible--image, or otherwise integrated into whatever the primary output is) will make it take a bit more effort to conceal use, but people and tooling will adapt to it very quickly. Tracing material distinct from watermarking -- i.e., accompanying metadata that can be stripped without any impact to the text, image, or whatever else is the primary output -- will do the same, but be even easier to strip, and so have less impact.
These are interesting tests but my question is, why are we doing them?

LLM models are not “intelligent” by any meaningful measurement- they are not sapient/sentient/conscious/self-aware. They have no “intent” other than what was introduced to them via the system prompt. They cannot reason [1].

Are researchers worried about sapience/consciousness as an emergent property?

Humans who are not AI researchers generally do not have good intuition or judgment about what these systems can do and how they will “fail” (perform other than as intended). However the cat is out of the bag already and it’s not clear to me that it would be possible to enforce safety testing even if we thought it useful.

[1] https://arxiv.org/pdf/2410.05229
Note that the human caused Holocene Extinction[1], among the 7 largest mass extinctions in the entire history of multi-celular life on Earth, is ongoing.

[1]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holocene_extinction
This is a nice summation. If LLMs ever produce this kind of output, I'll buy into the tech is good.
The unsinkable Mark Karpeles is willing to give Tokyo another shot
Correct me if I'm wrong, but this sounds like the wave of economic prosperity that happens whenever agriculture turns to manufacturing, it just happened later in this county because of the large Amish community.

The fact that other local businesses are viable because larger chains aren't available also seems to be a factor, but again, is a wave of prosperity already seen in other communities. It turns out, enabling entrepreneurism is really good for building a middle class!

The trick will be if this wave can continue, or if the prosperity will be overtaken by the capitalistic cannibalism (gentrification) that happens to economically-viable areas. In the meantime, this feels to me like an attempt at a feel-good story that millennials can and should be able to pull themselves up by the bootstraps, just look at the Amish.
I forced myself to use morse code keyboard for a week and it was fun but I switched back to the normal keyboard

might go back and do that again
But amateur has taken on a negative connotation in the common vernacular.

"Amateurish" or "amateurishly" feel damning and assertions about a certain absence of quality or attention to detail.

Describing someone as a "total amateur" feels a bit like calling them a hack.

This needs a separate word or concept.
Election law is complicated. Even lawyers hedge on these things because it's not as simple as looking up the statute, you have to look up previous court cases, and if it's a case of first impression make a lot of inferences.

Issues I see include whether it is legal to solicit political endorsements which will potentially become campaign materials, in exchange for pay or the prospect of pay, whether it's legal to run lotteries in multiple states (but excluding all others), whether it's legal to influence an election by running such a promotion etc.

The first and second issues make for an interesting combination, because my understanding is that Musk is soliciting people to sign a petition in support of the first and second amendments. Since these are in the constitution of the whole United States, why is his 'lottery' restricted to only 7 states, to the disadvantage of people in the other 43?

Incidentally, Rick Hasen, an election law prof at UCLA, says it's definitely illegal. https://electionlawblog.org/?p=146397
Is there some better way to say "a security theater sculpted out of political pork"?
To OP: having this jarring purple, combined with a dark background and dotted underline is really painful for my eyes
It does transcribe books (through imperfect OCR) so I guess that's possible. Never relied on it as I search by title and author.

But anyways not the case for the wayback product which is the unique core to IA.
I think most dog owners would tell you that their adult dogs can communicate things like this, but that the language is unfortunately siloed into a very personal relationship that is difficult for even the human part of the pair to demonstrate, making it difficult to do science about
While we can compare tail-risks (some lower probability risks and many orders of magnitude more likely than others) I think most people, intuitively, use something like a 1 in a 100 risk of a death (over a lifetime) or 1 in 10,000 acute chance. Anything over the floor is fair game, and the specifics are more around what is culturally acceptable. For comparison the lifetime risk from driving is something like 1 in 100, and from skiing (1 in 2000) making some assumption of average participation in both.
"Vocation" has undergone a similar shift; originally it meant a calling, or a summons.
Did Reddit start blocking its subdomain-to-subreddit URL scheme?
Any subreddit used to be available at subreddit.reddit.com —> Reddit.com/r/subreddit

I have no idea if it was an advertised or officially supported scheme. And I don’t know what the nature of the URL redirect/rewrite/forwarding was. It was handy for remembering. Now all those links seem to redirect to the main domain.

Old.reddit still works but could go soon if they’re reorganizing schemes/standards.

I actually used that subdomain structure years ago to allow users to select different subset styles for subreddits.
The point at which we decide that a defect is serious enough to transfer liability is quite case-dependent. If you knew that the throttle was glitchy but hadn't done anything to fix it, yes. If it affected every car from the manufacturer, it's obviously their fault -- but if you ignore the recall then it might be your fault again?

In this case, the behaviour of the system and the responsibility of the driver is well-established. I'd actually quite like it if Tesla were held responsible for their software, but they somehow continue to skirt the line wherein they require the driver to retain vigilance and any system failures are therefore the (legal) fault of the human not the car despite advertising it as "Full Self Driving".
We could try reclaiming the word.
Is it only in 20 pieces, or did 20 pieces break off? Sudden unscheduled disassembly can happen differently. The probability is that there are 20 pieces they are able to track and many many more pieces that are smaller
Brian Cleary will be discussing his findings next Saturday in Dublin, as part of the Bram Stoker Festival: https://bramstokerfestival.com/en/events/an-extraordinary-br...
How does one tell the dynamics of orbital objects/debris relative to forces acting on them? Is there a name for this type of field?
Plenty of reasons to want this to work. Ground-based solar has so many flaws - ecological, legal, social, even efficiency is poor. And we aren't making any more open ground near cities to put square miles of solar farms.

Space-based is becoming more attractive every year. Lift costs, panel weight and cost, computing power are all going in the right direction to improve the space-solar economic equation. As for space, a few square miles is trivial to find a place for.

Further, the usual bugaboos about "How do you get it down here?!" (microwaves to high-capacity receivers) can be circumvented entirely if you use the power in space e.g. in AI-training compute centers also in orbit.
Well, the more expensive driving a car is, the better!

That being said, I'm pretty sure that liability insurance for a family is not USD 20K, unless your idea of 'family' is, well, pretty extensive?

Collision insurance? Sure, with EVs becoming more popular, that will only go up. But, yeah, omelettes, eggs, blah...
Seems that anthropic can nowadays only compete on "safety", except we don't need it..
Yeah but it's often intended as an insult. Especially as the adjective amateurish, or phrases like the work of an amateur.

Amateur historian could never be an insult, because it's actually better to have a real career in something substantial, and do the history stuff on the side as a hobby.
Top Cloudflare Tunnel Alternatives in 2024
Zed: High-Performance Editor in Rust
Sounds roughly like an internship
Using an advanced programming technique called modularization, where you put the code into multiple different files, you may find it possible to get around the LLMs problem of limited context window length and find success building more than a trivial todo app. Of course you'd have to try this for yourself instead of parroting what you read on the Internet, so your mileage may vary. =p
So much love and respect for VLC as robust pioneering open source software, but also in 2024, it feels like extremely antiquated and sluggish on a Mac.

Highly recommend folks check out IINA which is .
Come to think of it, I’m not sure how Zed performs LLM requests with the inline assistant.

I wasn’t working in an enormous file, but I meant to highlight a block and accidentally highlighted the entire file and asked it to do something that made no sense in that context. It did its best to do something with the situation and eventually ran out of steam, haha. It’s possible that multiple requests needed to be made, or I was around the 200k context window.

Previous to this I’m fairly sure most of my requests cost fractions of pennies. My credit takes ages to decrease by any meaningful amount. Except until last night. It’s normally an extremely cost-effective tool for me.
My take is that it would probably be possible with enough effort, but there isn't an easy solution. And if you don't need it then the best part is no part. :)
IA shouldn't try to wage war against copyright. They should leave that to other entities.

IA should be an archivist organization first and foremost and abandon the idea of making books, movies, and music publicly available. That's just painting a target on their back and risking their goal of preserving a snapshot of our time.

The wayback machine is great, though, and they should keep doing that.
For example: the logical core of Prolog along with it's resolution model (for the logical part) are non deterministic (something can have none, one, many solutions) but only one solution is explored at a time. So it's a "meta logical" thing to express something like "the set of solutions for ...". Given that the core of Prolog is Turing complete, you can still get Prolog to compute anything, you might just not have a nice way of declaring it in pure Prolog.

Prolog has an interesting history of people discovering ways to express things that are simple, powerful and elegant. And yet despite the simplicity, these ways of expressing things were not immediately evident. DCGs are a prime example.
> best practices for running a library generally include not leaking usernames, email addresses, and eight years of front desk correspondence

That's incorrect IMHO: You are describing outcomes; practices are about procedures. In particular, necessary to the understanding and use of best practices is that do not guarantee outcomes.

Any serious management balances risks, which includes the inevitability, though unpredictable, of negative outcomes. It's impossible to prevent them - not NASA, airlines, surgeons, etc, can prevent them all, and they accept that.

It's a waste of resources to spend more preventing them than you lose overall. Best practices do not provide perfect outcomes; they provide the most reduced trade-offs in risk and cost.
> studies demonstrating the effectiveness of an obviously ineffective vaccine

The flu vaccine? There is a lot of evidence for its effectiveness [1]. It’s not highly effective. But it’s also not creating side effects worth railing against.

> Prepare to be down voted

“Please don't comment about the voting on comments. It never does any good, and it makes boring reading” [2].

(Meta: OP doesn’t sound like an anti-vaxer. But I always assumed anti-vax used rejection to reinforce its faith and communicate in-group fielty. Like how Jehovah’s Witnesses are taught to embrace rejection.)

[1] https://www.cidrap.umn.edu/influenza-vaccines/cdc-35-flu-vac...

[2] https://news.ycombinator.com/newsguidelines.html
Absolute position is global lat/long coordinates. Relative position is “I’m 0.5cm from the middle of the peg.”
> Well, the more expensive driving a car is, the better!

What an astonishing statement.
What are you referring to here? Hopefully not the secure destruction of hard disks.
This isn't meant to be storage for IA, it's meant to be a distributed backup.
Why? I'm against private car ownership. Ask me all about it...
Brazil cracks down on illegal gold mining, sparking anger in the Amazon
This article reads as if it were written by an LLM.
Well, 15 years ago when I did masters, there was a service that would write the essay for you to score A.
Disincentives a suboptimal transportation option. Price signals are important, just like making it expensive to own property where the risk is too high. Automotive ownership and transportation is likely to never be as inexpensive as it previously was.

You will either need to pay the cost or live somewhere you don’t need a car.
"Neither fell prey to cheap foreign competition, but to their own mistakes. Their culture evolved to prioritize financial performance over engineering excellence, which also brought down another manufacturing icon, General Electric."

"They could learn from Musk’s willingness to sleep on factory floors and give priority to product development over earnings per share."
Understanding and mitigating MFA fatigue attacks
> One important piece of context to keep in mind is that although the US helped negotiate the Convention on Biological Diversity — the treaty under which COP16 takes place — it’s not a formal member of the agreement. In fact, the US is the only country, other than the Vatican, that’s not party to the Convention.

... and I'm guessing the US doesn't want to sign on because in general we're skeptical of treaties that oblige us to do anything? And a big rich country not participating probably contributes to that funding gap? Blaming the bureaucrats for this not being effective seems misguided. Bureaucrats only have the powers that we give them. It's not gonna work because rich and powerful stakeholders don't think it's valuable.
They need way harsher penalties than simply putting people on a no-fly list. Also how do you not catch 90 people using social media to make threats?
pass clients can totally be backdoored. They decrypt the secret to plain text and add it to your clipboard or whatever... could easily shuttle it off somewhere else at that point.
Epic trolling, you're sane.
That institutionalized hacking == money is the sweet imperial crack that kills the addict. Stopping the flow would result in recovery chances?
Pretty cool, I will be using this. But.... the letters are spaced out more than they should be. I got the word in two tries at 40WPM... and I assure you that I can not take code conversationally at 40WPM.. or even contest exchanges at 40WPM. I got two letters on the first playback, and the remaining three on the second playback. Two attempts was very helpful, and the extra letter spacing is also a "crutch". I consider my "true" proficiency at the level where 25-28 WPM contest exchanges (where you know the format ahead of time) is comfortable. Conversational code I would have to slow down.
Fantastic idea, good implementation. Very valuable and useful!

Do not listen to the chattering nabobs of negativity in the comments!

Your impl is valuable; gives a quick summary of top-n stories. Useful for somebody who dips in/out of HN now and then. It may not be for everyone (indeed, as various commenters have suggested), but its useful for me. And it;s a great example of marrying AI-generated summary with podcast style quick 5-min summary.
Just like listening to BBC news summary.

A few suggestions:
- perhaps make it personalizable (based on HN user?) or atleast provide an option to summarize top 15 (or 10 or 20?) stories
- offer a way to go beyond the first page of HN
- offer a way to summarize the most-commented stories

Good job! Happy to contribute if its on Github
I assume US social networks not co-operating much?
Indeed. Dependency injection, interfaces, runtime composition, passing objects/lambdas for configuration/changing behavior (Strategy pattern).

Plus teaching proper separation of concerns rather than the "one line per method" from Clean Code.

All this would lead to better software than the "Dog inherits from Cat" bs.
If someone is willing to do their job well for a fair wage, why do you insist that they make their job their entire life outside work?
Jai's blogpost has been one of my favourites for a while now. I didn't know there was an animation like this, thank you.
This is addressed in the article. Node doesn't cache an JS compilation data by default. There's an environment flag to turn that on, and the startup time drastically reduces with it on (on the second+ run of the file).

Also both Deno and Bun have more optimized startup times in general by default, some of that startup time is just Node, not a reflection of the language itself.
Who is actually using Grok in a professional setup? Last I saw it was still only Grok-1, requires the use of RPC and offers no structured output.

From their site:

> The xAI API offers developers access to our large language model Grok-1 and our digital assistant Grok.

Maybe they just haven't updated the site to reflect Grok-2, which is significantly better.

Also, there is a straight-up crypto scammer under Elon's post - classic.

https://imgur.com/a/Ej5WBil
Hilbert's Tenth Problem
you can export epubs from https://fichub.net/
Yeah, I kind of expected that, sigh (including as yet another example of the issue about perspective I mentioned). Thanks for the supportive comment!
No shit. And you're suggesting lots of financial pain for people who can't afford it in the name of your ideology.
Another word of warning is that sadly, this knowledge doesn’t seem to stick if left unexercised. Few years ago I used this website to get good enough to be able to copy callsigns from real radio. Now I would have trouble to recall more than a few letters.
Coloring for Colorblindness
This is a lot of words to say very little. There are two main reasons why VLC is good. The first is that it's open source. The second is that it gets to ignore software patents (on the codecs) since France doesn't recognize them. I'm surprised the article didn't mention the second. Personally, I prefer mpv though.
"OpenAI API" has sort of become a standard API for any models through other tools which expose identical end points regardless of the underlying model. You can use ollama for that
Engineer would first try to build a cooking machine.
We are at the beginning of the Orionid meteor shower so earth is now in the debris stream that creates that shower and has been for a couple days.

This could be a Boeing problem but it also could be due to an impact with a micrometeorite or other natural-origin space debris.

Enjoy the meteor shower if you have a chance.
The worst part is we can't even vouch for it?
Ask HN: Alternatives to Bitwarden?
I've been using (and paying for) Bitwarden for years now, but it appears they have recently chosen to abandon open source[1].

I'm not all too happy with having the rug pulled from under me. Is there an alternative that you would recommend? Preferably something that is open source, audited and has an Android client. Happy to pay a reasonable subscription.

[1] https://github.com/bitwarden/clients/issues/11611
This post doesn't seem to be about influenza at all except to diss flu vaccine. As for the effectiveness there's this from 2009 which has pointers to quite a bit of evidence. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4504386/#bib31

"Estimates of vaccine effectiveness—the prevention of laboratory-confirmed influenza illness in vaccinated populations—vary from less than 50% in years with poorly matched vaccines to 50% to 90% in years with well-matched vaccines."

The poster isn't likely to like the other recommendations of what do in the face of an influenza pandemic if no effective vaccines are available but they'll be familiar. It's hand-washing, wearing a mask, and if it's really bad shutting down schools and avoiding public gatherings.
I have also made inquiries into the illiberal terms of access and use for the Stanford David/Michelangelo scans. The situation there—partly due to the influence of Italian cultural authorities, partly due to the indifference of every other institution involved, including Stanford and the Paul G. Allen Family Foundation—is just as dumb and frustrating as in France. Those incredibly valuable, important scans are effectively orphaned and likely will remain so until someone who has the complete collection puts it on Pirate Bay.
denotation and connotation. They have the same literal meaning (denotation) but certainly not the same implication and tone (connotation). Choosing to eat a turkey sandwich vs roast beef is an opportunity cost. I'm forgoing the roast beef. But it isn't really a sacrifice. I could say that it, and it would be true in some sense (denotation) but it would be very hyperbolic of me.
Ask HN: What's the best documentary you've watched this year?
If you had a "sound laser", you could control the waves when entering a column (think a "sound umbrella") to cancel out sounds that enter. However, this only works for "regular sounds" (as in non-directional sound, like sound from distant sources, like speakers). So, it wouldn't cancel out things like people speaking. It would be pretty useful for clubs, where at your table you can have regular speaking conversations.

I hate to mention that this is all currently patented. It's pretty "easy" to build though, but you'll have to wait a bit for all the related patents to expire or pay some licensing fees.
That's not a dealbreaker for me, as I don't run syncthing continuously on either end, just when I'm trying to sync my music.
As long as you have enterprise products like zscaler, that do not support IPv6. Or switches and routers that are broken in different ways with every update. Userproperties in Active Directory that are to short to insert an IPv6 address.

Why should any enterprise company move to it?
Why should any enterprise (at least) double the cost by having to support two protocols when most problems can be solved by various types of NAT?