skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
> My understanding is that they (on average, including their free users) make money on usage, but lose money on training.

Doesn't OpenAI need to continue training just to remain relevant? Not even just because there is a race between multiple AI companies, but because new information is regularly published. And if that's the case, it's just part of the cost, right?
A billion in azure "cloud credits" for a company with this level of cloud compute is probably less than a year of runway.
paywalled, hijacks the back button
Nuclear weapons (based on quantum mechanics and special relativity) were used less than 6 years after that quote.
The more you endure losing money the more of your opponents go bankrupt - or outsmart you
Empire of the Sun Music Video Created Using Gen AI
So making a statement is regulatory capture now?
> Popperism is not a universally accepted definition of science. Not even by scientists themselves.

Well, false, but you would already know this if you had scientific training. It's discouraging to see so many young people trying to dismantle the Enlightenment without a full awareness of its origins and rationale.

Calling the foundation of science "Popperism" is like calling Democracy "Athensism," as though it's a temporary fashion or fad, open to replacement by something easier to negotiate.

Scientists sometimes grant a field a temporary reprieve to allow it to evolve -- string theory comes to mind -- but no one with scientific training dismisses the critical role played by falsifiability.

In Carl Sagan's "Baloney Detection Kit" (https://centerforinquiry.org/learning-resources/carl-sagans-...), we find this: "Always ask whether the hypothesis can be, at least in principle, falsified. Propositions that are untestable, unfalsifiable are not worth much."

Guess how many scientists risk their professional standing by arguing against this self-evident principle?
While we're at it, add microdosing semaglutide.
I used to have intermodal carriers as customers, so for an IT guy I know a good bit about it. I went to comment on his post and it said only paid subscribers can comment. I'm not going to pay him to point out issues he'd need to deal with.
> if you want to build something like Emacs - a REPL that has a built-in text editor, you need a Lisp, because non-homoiconic languages DO NOT HAVE exactly same REPLs.

I don't think it makes sense. One can build programmable editors in many interactive languages. The language for an editor doesn't need to be Lisp. It could be Python, JavaScript, Ruby, PERL, Forth, ... Typically a form of EVAL or compile/load is enough to do so.
Asking people to sign up is an obstacle.

It’s in your interests to not require that.

People might be willing to give you 20 seconds to have a quick look.

And if you hook them in 20 seconds they might give you 20 seconds more.

And if your software is compelling you might get 20 more seconds from them to try it out.

When a user gives you 20 seconds attention, that’s a gift and it might be all you get.

But many new software sites use that gift to throw a “sign up” form at the user.

That 20 second gift should be rewarded with a unique experience that the user enjoys so much that they are compelled to gift you more time.
> Almost everybody I know uses ChatGPT at least semi-regularly for all kinds of things.

Ed's perspective is from a nonengineering side, not the typical Hacker News user or LLM API consumer.

> My understanding is that they (on average, including their free users) make money on usage, but lose money on training.

The billion-dollar YoY losses can only be possible with negative marginal profits. Training is expensive but not that expensive.

> I also think OpenAI isn't yet serious about monetizing its products. You can just go to ChatGPT and use it for free

That's just modern software business: have the user try it for free (loss-leading) with an incentive to upsell to a paid product, notably ChatGPT+. And if OpenAI didn't do it, others will as is currently the case now. But in a post ZIRP world that doesn't work as well.
There are more people alive today than there ever has been and those people, generally, have a better means of keeping up to date with new tech/consumer products.

Both of those two points alone emphasise the fact that comparing the accelerated growth of a tech company in 2024 to the likes of a Sega Megadrive in the 90s, for example, isn’t a like for like comparison.
Because people choose to use pre-increment by default instead of post-increment?

Why is that?
Or you could just have a Terraform fuel plant synthesizing fuel colocated with every landing site.
It's only regulatory capture if the legislative branch actually passes the laws Sam wants. As far as I know, none have. Public officials are also becoming increasingly wary of tech, with laws being discussed in places like California that OpenAI has publicly opposed.
It has to be more energy efficient to re-compress your lifting gas back into storage bottles. What do modern airships do? This has to be a solved problem.
If you're using Cloudflare DNS, they used to have some conflict with Archive.Today:

https://gist.github.com/ardislu/b2f2b4b439c5da2f7ccb6bb42e7a...
The article says the skeletons date to 400-100 BC, so, no. Year 0 doesn't exist (1 BC is followed directly by AD 1), and the holy grail would have to date from AD 33 or so, because Jesus didn't die in the year of his birth.
I wish we could just get away from x86 "standard" and move on. If there is something that still needs it, x86 emulation is very efficient nowadays. Just look what Apple has done with this ARM architecture. Even now, Qualcom's ARM processors running Windows are doing a fantastic job emulating x86 as needed.
I remember Notch talking about the lighting calculations being one of the hardest parts to program, so I can understand that being a challenge.

Mojang made large improvements to the lighting engine in 1.20, bringing it in line with the performance mods Phosphor[1] and Starlight[2]. Despite being deprecated now, they might still offer some useful insight into how to approach such a system in a performant way. You'll need to be mindful of the licenses, but it's likely easier than reverse-engineering Minecraft (even with mappings).

[1] https://github.com/CaffeineMC/phosphor-fabric

[2] https://github.com/PaperMC/Starlight
> Type a URL that doesn't exist into the address bar, and Anthropic's Claude 3.5 Sonnet will interpret the domain and any query parameters to generate an imagined version of that page on the fly. Each HTTP request is serialized and sent to the AI, along with the full HTML of the last 3 pages you visited, allowing you to explore a vast, interconnected, alternate reality Internet where the only limit is your imagination.

I want to try this.
The thing to keep in mind is that the WebAssembly sandbox model means that in theory the program (SqlLite in this case) can run wherever it makes sense to run it. That might mean running it locally or it might mean running on a central server or it might mean running nearby on the “edge”.
Daniel Lemire on the complexity of Java build tools
Correct, and you did ask specifically for OO things, but I thought I'd list namespaces too as far as “C++ things you might use when writing C-like C++ code”.

Another big one that I always forget C still doesn't support is function overloading.
> The information in WHOIS, in the DNS SOA record, in the network hosting the content, in the servers hosting the DNS, in the registrar's abuse contact, all say "Cloudflare". Cloudflare'll "pass along" a message for you and will happily refuse to tell you who actually owns the site.

What does that matter? You can initiate a legal proceeding against a John Doe. And then the court would be able to subpoena Cloudflare for the information. That doesn't mean someone should sue Cloudflare for damages.

> What's more, even when you can clearly show infringement

How can you possibly "clearly show infringement" without a court proceeding? A service provider doesn't even have a reasonable mechanism to identify who the copyright holder is.

> I'm not sure how you think "you sue them, not their hosting provider" is relevant in a discussion about Cloudflare unless you really didn't know all of this.

There is a relevant distinction between issuing a subpoena for information and naming them as a defendant in a lawsuit.
He's a triple agent in his spare time.
The further a region is to the poles, the worse intermittency becomes. Both for solar and for wind: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-021-26355-z

> However, the share of solar generation increases less, or even decreases, in higher-latitude countries like Russia, Canada, and Germany (Fig. 2b). These trends continue as more storage is added, so that with 12 h of energy storage and no excess annual generation, 83–94% (average 90%) of electricity demand is met with mixes of 10–70% solar power (49% on average; Fig. 2c).

Even with 12 hours of storage, Germany would be seeing blackouts weekly.

To put this in perspective:

> reliability standards in industrialized countries are typically very high (e.g., targeting <2–3 h of unplanned outages per year, or ~99.97%). Resource adequacy planning standards for “1-in-10” are also high: in North America (BAL-502-RF-03), generating resources must be adequate to provide no more than 1 day of unmet electricity demand—or in some cases 1 loss of load event—in 10 years (i.e., 99.97% or 99.99%, respectively)

So no, even with 12 hours of storage and 50% overcapacity, we'd have an unacceptably unreliable grid.

Also, your linked article is not modelling a carbon-free grid:

> Graham says that the CSIRO modelling showed that at very high levels of wind and solar, a maximum of half a day’s average demand was needed for storage. In some areas of the grid, only around three hours might be needed.

What are these "very high levels of wind and solar"? How much of the remaining demand is satisfied by fossil fuels? The article doesn't say.
Yes.

This sort of incentives are what makes unicorns possible.
Also, I'm genuinely thrilled to see cross-pollination from pypy back to cpython, so am actually really glad they did it this way - as cpython's JIT becomes production-ready, maybe more bits of python will become be self-hosting?
How long until we see WebAssembly/WebGPU become a platform independent choice for deploying server side code as well?
> I wish they had improved the screen a little bit as well.

What do you mean, the iPad mini has a higher ppi (326) vs iPad Air (264).

I think the issue is that, iPad OS is scaling the display to a weird resolution.

https://www.apple.com/ipad-mini/specs/

https://www.apple.com/ipad-air/specs/
Also, jedi depends on parso. Parso does not yet support `match` (which is a big problem for me, as it means I need to switch AST library backing mutmut).
People want to save face. Some more than others. I also read the TC article and thought they were trying a bit too hard to make this seem like a good outcome.

Nothing against the founder. It's just how the game is played. And there's little to gain from deviating from the norms.

Edit: It benefits not just the founder’s ego but also the future career prospects of the employees. Big difference in your engineers being able to say “I worked at X all the way until they got acquired!!” and “I worked at X but the product was so unsuccessful we had to have a fire sale.”
I actually mostly called up HVAC supply places but they wouldn't sell me a cap and offered to refer me to one of their "preferred" service providers. Maybe it's some backdoor colluding in my area, who knows, but yeah I was really surprised they wouldn't. I think I called 3-4 before someone told me Grainger sells 'em.
I meant “no one is saying that on this thread” of course. A lot of people talk about the conflict between Palestine and Israel too but we don’t bring it here because we are talking about something else.
Shattered Space helmet replicas stay video game accurate using an Arduino Nano
Switzerland is great and I live there too, but the USA is hardly dysfunctional and we shouldn't overpraise Switzerland. This is a country that now has basically only one big bank, for a country that was once famous for banking! And look at how many well paid tech jobs in .ch are with US firms. Try and create a tech startup in Switzerland and you will quickly figure out why.
Or you could cite the thousands of companies that died with a whispers

It’s called Survivorship bias
If you're condident you'll have steady revenue soon then get a credit card or two and get cash advances.

You'd don't need to make $5k.
I don't know which is cooler. The 3D scan itself or the 3D map in the browser.

This is amazing. Thank you for sharing.
It would be if they were the only one with billions of dollars. Perhaps the nuance is that they have a moat but a rather small one with competitors that have credibly signaled that intend to cross it.
Court documents reveal TikTok knew app's impact on children's mental health
There are a bunch of UX differences between an iPad and a laptop while connected to a docking station that make using an iPad in that manner not quite satisfactory. For example, the iPad's screen always has to be on - while you can choose to either mirror or extend your desktop environment, you can't use only the external monitors and shut your case like you can with a laptop.
Politicians all across the globe know and utilize this concept
We improved our Android navigation performance by ~30%
Historically the difficulty isn't in building the mast, it is in preventing the airship from being smashed into the mast by the wind. Or in dramatic cases flipping end over end because it was only moored on one location.
And we loved you in Lethal Weapon.
> Throw in some iodine too for good measure.

Iodine is added to salt, so no need.
ElectricSQL and friends seem to be the best option so far, but they all come with a lot of caveats. It feels like local-first is near, and it's so tantalizing, but I haven't seen anything that feels like it's done enough to build on just yet.
There's no way it's as easy and clear-cut as that. Nothing I've seen says it is. Citation needed.
I'm fairly conspiracy-minded, but fluoride is prescribed for ingestion in some cases: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fluoride_therapy

I was prescribed fluoride tablets by my dentist as kid.
OT: if you're interested in Asterinas, you might also be interested in Redox (entire OS written in Rust).

https://www.redox-os.org/
>> Almost everybody I know uses ChatGPT at least semi-regularly for all kinds of things.

> Ed's perspective is from a nonengineering side, not the typical Hacker News user or LLM API consumer.

ChatGPT has 200M weekly active users.
Agree. No amount of hedonic adjustment in calculations accounts for this.
Blaksolventip
#Blaksolventip - In the wise words of #Billlazier Proffesor Of Business at #Stanford and #JimCollins American Researcher - " Great companies balance disciplined execution with breakthrough innovation. Execution beats innovation if innovation lacks follow-through, but innovation always beats no innovation at all. "

#Startups
Why would you go through all the trouble to do it all yourself when you someone else can do it at a fraction of cost plus you having almost full access to it whenever you want, however you want?

> "If OpenAl disappeared tomorrow, we have all the IP rights and all the capability. We have the people, we have the compute, we have the data, we have everything. We are below them, above them, around them."

~ Satya Nadella

https://x.com/AiBreakfast/status/1770832950722015660
The Europa Clipper took off Here's an outline of its mission
Google has usage data that no-one else could get access to. It’s the usage data that improved the algorithms that led to more usage data - effectively setting up a natural monopoly.

By allowing their search algorithm to atrophy they have given up this moat to the point that others can breach it with LLMs that give similar results without the usage data.
I bet all are alive and well in other countries.
I have an MSc in math but haven't managed to grasp modular forms, which is needed for the proof.

If anybody has a learning path or a primer recommendation for modular forms (assuming formal math education), I'd be very interested in reading more about it.

But as such I doubt it can be more accessible to everybody.
wow, full context from Gibbon is great:

> It has been objected to Marcus, that he sacrificed the happiness of millions to a fond partiality for a worthless boy; and that he chose a successor in his own family, rather than in the republic. Nothing however, was neglected by the anxious father, and by the men of virtue and learning whom he summoned to his assistance, to expand the narrow mind of young Commodus, to correct his growing vices, and to render him worthy of the throne for which he was designed. But the power of instruction is seldom of much efficacy...

compare (~500 years earlier for MA; a couple of thousand for EG)

https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext... et seq. (93c-95a; great foreshadowing by Anytus...)
They want to keep x86 going because they have cross-licensed patents which keep their market share a walled-garden. Anything else would invite competition.

Mind you, it's not just them. MIPS was pretty shady with their patent that even if trapped and implemented in software they sued so you could not compete without licensing and losing your margen. SPARC was open... until UltraSPARC IIRC and then they tried something similar.

https://www.edn.com/mips-lexra-both-claim-victory-in-markman...

> MIPS said the court’s ruling Friday rejected Lexra’s attempt to limit the claims of U.S. Patent No. 4,814,976 to hardware implementations of the unaligned load and store instructions (LWL, LWR, SWL, SWR) of the MIPS instruction set architecture. MIPS argues the claims should also cover software implementations like Lexra’s

That is what is so important about it RISC-V is that it being an open ISA creates a commodity with true competition instead of competing oligopolies.
And neither did the thousands of other companies that disappeared into obscurity.
Unfortunately Amazon in my area at the time had been taking a week or more for any deliveries. It was really annoying.
Conversations caused by the odd looking email address can often get very nasty.

This is why I also like how iCloud does with their hide my mail feature; there’s nothing suspicious about the email you give out.
I was going to ask if there is a good list of C books and then answered my own question. It categorizes _Modern C_ as Intermediate level.

https://stackoverflow.com/questions/562303/the-definitive-c-...
It seems that Sweden no longer adds fluoride, but it's really besides the point since it says,

> 57.4 million people receive naturally occurring fluoridated water at or above optimal levels in countries such as Sweden, China, Sri Lanka, Finland, Zimbabwe and Gabon.[1]
In the US we just outsource the job to nuns: https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Megan_Rice
At some point, you stop selling content, and you start selling an audience with a known demographic to advertisers.

In such a market, the business is disincentivized to produce thoughtful content, and need to churn the bait the draw in the audience. So it isn't as if creators are being compensated for creating, and instead content producers are compensated for producing words that will lure in readers.
Fixed a bug which caused all training losses to diverge
Qualcom's chips do a very good job, but it's not perfect. Not sure if it's the chip or software, but if you need things to work (on either Apple or Windows ARM), emulation isn't suitable still. Apple gets away with it because they just wrote off the gaming market and everything else was forced to quickly migrate to the new platform.
It’s great to see more tools taking advantage of the markdown syntax.

I’m the creator of Mask[0], a very similar tool built with Rust. I was originally inspired by Maid[1], which is an older take on this idea built with Node and no longer maintained I believe.

I see this is based on Node as well, and I appreciate that it currently has zero dependencies. Nice work!

[0]: https://github.com/jacobdeichert/mask

[1]: https://github.com/egoist/maid
The US does already provide iodine supplementation, just via table salt and not water (I suspect because it's a more convenient way to deliver such supplementation)
OK. With the best of intentions and real curiosity: How?
Sure, but we are talking about open source software you can fork and change however you like, the difficulty level is a bit in the middle. I'd put it more on the level of - if you dont like the food a resturant serves, nothing is stopping you from opening your own. Yes its hard, but certainly not impossible.
This is an extremely online place filled with people who game or are gamer-adjacent.

This intended meaning is obvious from context.
It should be noted that this ruling has numerous problems from a scientific point of view, as does the NLP report that was relied on.

I'm not opposed to validating safety of anything we're doing at a significant amount like this, but I remain heavily skeptical of this case and it's conclusions. And I have concerns about the knee-jerk reactions being seen already in some communities. I know some (if not a lot) of the confusion is the media headlines, but the ruling does seem to lend itself to being reported with significant bias and misrepresentations.

> Chen, in his ruling, leans heavily on the NTP report. Even though the report points to evidence of harm only at levels more than double the 0.7 mg/L found in U.S. tap water

> Some critics have said that the research behind these conclusions is riddled with problems. ...

> “The bottom line,” said Tomar, “is that the overwhelming majority of those studies had either significant flaws or were, frankly, just not looked at through a critical eye.”

Contradicting studies:

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36214232/

> Exposure to fluoridated water during the first 5 y of life was not associated with altered measures of child emotional and behavioral development and executive functioning.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S001393512...

> In boys, positive associations were observed between MUFcr and scores in cognitive domains at the age of 4. These findings are inconsistent with those from some previous studies and indicate the need for other population-based studies to confirm or overturn these results at low levels of F in CDW.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7261729/

> In conclusion, based on the totality of currently available scientific evidence, the present review does not support the presumption that fluoride should be assessed as a human developmental neurotoxicant at the current exposure levels in Europe.

> ... the experimental evidence suggests that current exposure to fluoride, even for individuals with relatively high fluoride intake, is clearly below levels that lead to adverse effects in vitro or in animals.

> ... The discrepancy between experimental and epidemiological evidence may be reconciled with deficiencies inherent in most epidemiological studies
Yes I saw this option as well, but it seems that it's not possible for macOS