skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Disclaimer: I don't really know any of this stuff, and I've never built a radio. I'm just repeating what I've read, or in some cases, simulated in software.

The simplest answer is that you use a narrowband bandpass filter around the transmitting station's center frequency to eliminate the signals from other radio stations, just as you do for AM radio, and then you measure the frequency of the remaining signal instead of its amplitude. This works because the frequency deviations are small compared to the spacing between the frequencies on which different stations are transmitting. Downconverting to an intermediate frequency by mixing with a local oscillator, as CodeBeater correctly said most FM receivers do, doesn't really alter this fundamental principle, although it does alter the details. (Most current AM radios are also superheterodyne designs.)

Most current FM radios use a phase-locked loop, as analog31 correctly said, which is sort of the same but sort of different; it gives better results. A PLL uses a much narrower bandpass filter which is centered on, not the nominal center frequency of the radio station, but the instantaneous, modulated frequency, which makes it much better at rejecting interference than the simpler approach. So the frequency band you're filtering down to gets swept back and forth in real time, thousands of times a second, to follow the FM signal.

There's the question of how your PLL can initially achieve its lock if its passband is so narrow, of course. I don't know how mainstream FM radio does this, but it's not as hard a problem as you might think; because broadcast FM radio's frequency is always oscillating back and forth around its nominal center frequency, you can just wait for the audio signal to cross zero. Alternatively, you can sweep the PLL's local oscillator frequency over the band until you achieve a lock.

I hope this is helpful!
Curious discovery on my part that VCA Animal Hospitals is now owned by Mars Inc (as in, chocolate bars), technically not PE as it's a private family-owned company.
I haven't found really any use case that o1 was better than 4o or 3.5 Sonnet that related to actual work.

Any time I tried some of the more complex prompts I was working through something with Sonnet or 4o, o1 would totally miss important points and ignore a lot of the instructions while going really deep trying to figure out some relatively basic portions of the prompt.

Seems fine for reasonably simple prompts, but gets caught up when things get deeper.
I knew him as one of the co-founders (with Randy Seuss and Ted Nelson) of Evanston's Itty Bitty Machine Company, a storefront that sold (among other things) Digital Group 8085/Z80/6502 machines. My high school friend, Alex Ellingsen, worked there (while in high school).

Recently, I've been playing with MMBasic (for E32s and RPi2040s) and a question about XMODEM and YMODEM came up on their online forum. Ward responded immediately to my inquiry, and gave me the exact information I needed.

Very nice guy.
AM does use the frequency, it just doesn't need as much and uses it differently than FM. If it was all at a single frequency, there just be a single tone getting louder and softer.
Thanks :)
I'm definitely going all in on this.
I'm also adding more features to enhance the experience and make it even better for users. Excited for what's to come.
Trio: A browser-based LLM that runs locally to create a 3-step task workflow
Inherited seems quite possible. Historically a lot of trades were family businesses. A son or daughter may have come up through working for the family shop.

A possible alternative path is to take over management of a business from its current owner, and eventually buy it out. Also, just a little bit of seed money might make the difference, e.g., buying a van full of basic tools is expensive, but it's not SpaceX expensive.

I've hired workmen who turned out to be "a couple guys with chainsaws and a pickup truck." So it might be possible to ease your way into a business by starting with smaller jobs.
So LLMs get better at what LLMs do, according to benchmarks that measure LLM performance. We have no idea if that leads to sentience. Most likely it doesn’t, because we don’t have a definition of sentience, much less a model that would let us create a sentient machine.

Evidence from lesswrong.com has about the same weight as evidence from the Bible.
> (Bell Labs researchers -> C -> Oak -> Java -> JavaScript.)

It seems like Javascript inherits more directly from lisp than any of the other languages mentioned, except for the syntax. As a result Javascript is a lisp without macros, which is a sad concept. (In this sense, I very much agree with you.)
I am obviously a bit early, as my oldest is only 7, but my wife and I decided to force ourselves to delay getting our kids (7 & 4) their own media device, such as an iPad and go straight to a laptop when it becomes a necessity in school. My 7 year old, with immense attention issues, is obsessed with reading and being creative, I could not imagine her being at her reading level if she had an iPad or some other form of digital media consumption. I can not imagine how rotten her brain would be if she had access to Tiktok or Instagram.
Guess we're using different measures of "success" - in my book any govt program that nets more revenue than than it costs taxpayers or provides more value than it costs (harder to verify) (irs and usps respectively, for instance) is a "successful" program - Thus the irs is a "successful" govt program that is not getting its budget cut because it's successful, and socialist systems would still have an irs... That's kinda where I was coming from
German and Polish share a common ancestor.
> Aside from the data locality, I still find the programming model (a globally-unique and addressable single-threaded class instance) to be quite nice, and would want to emulate it even without the Cloudflare edge magic.

You might be interested in Plane (https://plane.dev/ / https://github.com/jamsocket/plane), which we sometimes describe as a sort of Durable Object-like abstraction that can run anywhere containers can.

(I'm also one of the articles you linked, thanks for the shoutout!)
Just in case... Unicode doesn't define anything about C0 control characters. Everything you see from the code chart is from ISO/IEC 6429 and only shown there for information. Some parts of Unicode and related standards do assign a special meaning to U+000A, but often also to U+000D for the obvious reason.
Presuming it’s in LEO. When and if we ever get around to building these things they probably won’t be in LEO at least not for long. Some of them might not even be constructed from materials launched from Earth.
Going through the system bus IS an implementation detail.

You could build a 6502-compatible CPU with a (extra [1]) 256 byte on-chip register file, and treat, for example, `0x1265` as simply a 16 bit instruction `ADC A,R18`, or `0x0791` as an x86-ish `MOV [R7+Y],A`.

All binary programs would run just as they do on the 1975 6502, just a lot faster.

[1] in the original 6502, the registers aren't in a register file in the modern sense, they're implemented with flip flops and all are accessible simultaneously (with wired-OR on to a bus in some cases if the decode ROM selected several at the same time)
I used Duplicity (via the Gnome Déjà Dup GUI) for years, but Borg turned out to be a lot faster at making the backups, at least for my laptop home dir backups. Like an order of magnitude faster. I don't think I ever tried to hand-configure Duplicity, though.
It's certainly perceived that way. "Diff'rent Strokes" "Baseball Blues", 1985... Willis does mention stereo is part of the appeal.

- Now, Dad, you gotta picture me cruising along in my Mercedes. Head held high. Rocking to the FM stereo. Waving to the chicks. Hey there, mama, looking good. Catch you later, baby.

(making engine noises)

- You can do all of that in a $4,000 car.

(imitating brakes squealing)

- Dad, for $4,000 I'll have to slouch way down in my seat so no one can see me. And turn on my AM radio. Wave at the chicks. Hi there, mama, you're looking quite adequate. Chug, chug, chug.

- That's just fine, son, chug chug chug means that you won't be spending any of your days in traffic court.

- Or any of my nights at a drive-in movie.

- Willis, you don't want to date a girl who only likes you for your car.

- Sure I do.
>often exhibiting properties no other dimension does.

Isn't that true for some other dimensions as well? There is a whole much of mathematical concepts that is constrained for a specific dimension. For example the cross product only makes sense in 3D. The perpendicular dot product (a special case of the determinant) only makes sense in 2D.
We just upgraded from Xmodem to Kermit last week in our embedded device.
Agreed, TikTok is just the best at it; plus it is the only viable non-US threat to US tech giants, therefore it’s the villain.
> Your 1st sentence is just classic whataboutism

It would be if I were arguing against sovereignty for tibetans; I am not. I merely ask that people don't treat the movement as any more or less urgent, necessary, or obvious than any other sovereignty movement.

Granted, it was facetious to insert this viewpoint into the conversation about tibet; but arguably it was just as facetious to insert an argument for sovereignty into a conversation about Tibetan script.
TikTok is, in my opinion, the distillate of the algorithmic attention approach. Everything even remotely community building or social is stripped away until there is just the feed. Just the algorithm.
> What am I missing?

The tree blowing in the wind will introduce its own amplitude (brightness) fluctuations. It will be hard for you to tell which amplitude changes are signal from the source and which are noise from the tree.

Edit: Looks like you answered yourself while I typed that, where you added:

> Couldn't this be dealt with if you know the details of the tree's dimming ability?

If the tree is moving, and you’re far enough away to resolve individual leaves (which is not unreasonable) then its “dimming ability” is constantly changing.
So you guys don't get sued any further for essentially hijacking a distribution channel and pushing an unauthorized version?

If I were an employee of A8C I wouldn't be touching this code with a ten foot pole - employees can still be found guilty of criminal wrongdoing even if their employer told them to do something.
When you amplitude-modulate a carrier wave with an audio signal, you spread it out into a bunch of sum and difference frequencies, as you can see if you use the trigonometric angle-sum formula to factor cos(85000·2πt) · (2 + cos(440·2πt)), a 440-hertz flute being transmitted on 85-kilohertz AM. These so-called "sidebands" mean that the bandwidth of AM does matter, and consequently, using a too-narrow bandpass filter on your AM radio station will result in low-pass filtering your demodulated audio signal.
Well, they're literally getting sued with one of the counts being computer fraud so it's going to end up in front of a judge at some point.
Stream-of-Thought Note Taking
> temperature is around 30 degrees Celsius and pressure is 1 atmosphere (Earth)

And unbreathable and full of sulphuric acid. You may as well just stay in orbit.
Thanks :)
I’m actually planning to move to a .com in the future, but it’s a bit pricey right now.
The English and Elizabeth projected their crimes onto Spain.

Proof is in the pudding where is the percentage of natives highest? Where Spaniards colonized (Mexico, Bolivia, Peru)? Or the Brits (Virginia, Connecticut, all of Canada except Quebec)?

(Disclaimer, I'm... I don't know what I am)
I worked as a software engineer for 29 years and quit earlier this year. The stress and my blood pressure were significantly affecting my health and quality of life. I had started a part-time handyman business last year and took it full time after quitting my corporate job. My blood pressure and stress level have gone down a lot, but so has my paycheck and my benefits. I'm still glad that I made the switch because my last corporate job was going to kill me for the sake of corporate profits and executive bonuses.

I would say that there's good/bad from both sides of the coin. It's a personal choice and not everyone is the same.
I agree 100%. This is the cause of endless confusion, especially in crossplatform text files. Not to mention parsing programmatically.
According to Jewish law, it is, in the case of a Jewish father and a non-Jewish mother, the child is not a Jew.
What’s the point? Next season of Doomsday Preppers.
You could do that, you could also use it to transport pieces of massive telescope arrays that self assemble in space.
It's my understanding that these engines can be driven with variable power, which also makes deceleration and controlled hover more feasible.
Yeah, I generally agree with that. Why I said it only moved them from stochastic parrot campers to "possible" believers - to clarify, the few I've had test it have all pretty much said "this feels like it could lead to real reasoning/productivity/advances/intelligence".
If you have ITTE (etc.) then you're not on Thumb-1 (e.g. ARM7TDMI) or ARMv6-M (Cortex M0+), you're on Thumb-2.

> but being able to mix 4-byte instructions into your RVC code largely eliminates the stepping-on-rakes problem

Absolutely, which is why I pointed out that no one (at least no one commercial) has ever implemented RVC alone, not even on the 10c CH32V003.
Hinton obviously has no financial interest, in fact reputationally he has a massive incentive against warning of AI doom or the impact of AGI if it were not the case. Though of course he is old and at the end of his career so one could argue he is overly cautious and misled over trends.

It would only make sense to compare current sentiment over imminent AGI to past predictions of imminent AGI as long as conditions then were the same as conditions now. Conditions now are obviously different than conditions any time over the past century.

Even if you argued that we are as far away from AGI now as we were in 1990, 1970, or 1920, if I showed what ChatGPT could do to people in any of those eras, they would each claim that it is AGI. One could claim that its apparent intelligence is just a parlor trick and a consequence of the wealth of training data it has access to, but nevertheless many claimed "impossibilities in our lifetime" with regards to what LLM's can do are being achieved every year.

To me it seems less at LLM's and current AI is all some trick and that we are eons away from true reasoning, but rather many of the things that make human intelligence useful are still pretty hard to crack, but we are nevertheless building a bridge to reach that level one OOM at a time, with lots of engineering effort also eroding the gap month by month.
You still will need clear benchmarks as the reward for RL. With Chess, the rules are simple but you may not have a clear loss function for a complicated architectural challenge.
The intuitive way to think about it is that with very few dimensions you have very few degrees of freedom, so it's easy to prove things possible or impossible. With lots of dimensions, you have enough wiggle room to prove most things possible. Somewhere in between, you have enough complexity to not trivialize the problems but not enough wiggle room to be able to easily circumvent the issue.

Often in practice, that boundary is around 3-4 dimensions. See the poincaré conjecture, various sphere packing shenanigans, graph embeddings, ....
Very interesting, I'll have to look into AWGN and the Fourier transform. I guess in the trees blocking the flashlight example that's not at all AWGN.

Although while we care about the relative amplitudes in AM, AWGN would make this harder to pick out if the signal is attenuated. Is the same idea true for frequencies? I don't see a direct parallel here.
> Also making sure kids have friends in their community is a plus.

A lot of them coordinate hangouts via social media, unfortunately. It’s a tough balance.
I did, twice.

The second time, we had a reporting system that eventually stored billions of rows per day in a Postgres database. Processing times got so bad that we decided to migrate to Clickhouse, resulting in a substantial boost to query times. I maintain that we haven't exhausted all available optimisations for Postgres, but I cannot deny that the migration made sense in the long run - OLTP vs OLAP and all that.

(The first time is a funny story that I'm not quite ready to share.)
> unwarranted assumption about most people

I said a lot. Not most.

> It's no different from insisting someone would like a variation of something they have no interest if they would only try it.

You shouldn't push people to do things, but as an objective true or false question, it's true a lot of the time.

> Or to put it in simpler terms, you seem to think you know better than "a lot" of people.

Are you implying that such a thought is obviously wrong?

It's not.

I can list a thousand topics where enough people disagree that many of them have to be wrong. People are wrong all the time. "A lot" of people being wrong about something is the default for most situations.

I'm not saying which specific people are wrong, that is beyond my abilities. I'm talking statistics, and I think there's plenty of evidence for it.

Edit: Also, you distracted me from the far more obvious answer, desires are complicated! Someone can want to use their phone and also want to avoid interruption. So they might have picked the same thing I would pick, zero "knowing better" involved.
Thanks. I just learned that doing a rabbit hole about sidebands! Still getting my head around it.
https://www.forbes.com.au/news/billionaires/billionaires-beh...
a very common story. not just damaging for WP but OS as a whole when it comes to large companies attempting to decide on a stable outcome.
My kid is 7. He has a Linux desktop he can use whenever he wants with no internet access from his user account. My wife and I abandoned all social media and we’ll probably get him a dumb phone when the time comes.

I’ve heard the stuff some of his friends with more internet permissive parents parrot from YouTube and stuff and honestly it’s frightening.

As for the good stuff that’s actually out there, I download for consumption offline.

As someone who grew up in the 90s and learned touch type playing StarCraft online, the internet is not for kids.
There's a section here about phenomena in 4 dimensions: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/4-manifold

One of the most surprising is that all smooth manifolds of dimension not equal to four only have a finite number of unique smooth structures. For dimension four, there are countably infinite number of unique smooth structures. It's the only dimension with that property.
Microsoft just didn't want it bad enough. It's a similar situation to when they joined the video game market, except they wanted that and took a loss to stay in the market and now are essentially the main console.
Bumblebees can be classified as 'fish' under California conservation law (2022)
The limiting effect for Starship launches won't be CO2 (direct air capture could counter that), it's injection of water into the stratosphere. Ballpark I think the limit would hit at about 100,000 launches/year.
I live in Oregon but they opted me out by default, perhaps because I have an old CA address in my list of old delivery addresses?
Well I’m sure 2- and 3- dimensional space are also mathematically unique and interesting by the same token, but they’re nearer to our experience and intuition.
>Evidence from lesswrong.com has about the same weight as evidence from the Bible.

What's the point of even continuing this conversation if you make hyperbolic claims like that? If you were to justify your reasoning I would at least give you the benefit of the doubt as I did with my previous comment. Please evaluating the extent to which your biases are affecting your reasoning before you make claims like that and hope to be taken seriously.
Great project, which has sorely been in need of a better name.

"Luanti" works. Unique, pronounceable, alludes to Lua ties.
Having recently purchased a RTL-SDR and watched and learned about FM -- there is "pilot" frequency that doesn't change and is fixed relative to the tuner frequency. See this chart here:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FM_broadcasting#/media/File:RD...

Each radio station has 100khz of bandwidth centered on it's tuner frequency. in the, there are channel spacing rules that give some gaps +/- another 100khz of that. (That's why in the US, radio stations are typically on 'odd' decimals, ie 92.3 mhz, 94.1 mhz, etc) That chart does not show HD radio frequencies, which due to those spacing rules, and more accurate transmitters, are on the +/- 100khz spaces along side the original analog 100khz. You can "see" the audio modulating the frequency on the spectrogram. But the OFDM digital signal on either side looks like a band of more intense noise. It's mind blowing to realize there's a signal in that!
This is one of the reasons loss of biodiversity and mass extinction are so horrifically depressing, to me. All that marvelous complexity, all the blueprint information for it, all lost forever. Take the axolotl - it does not, seemingly, ever reach senescense, meaning they don't die of old age. Somewhere locked up in that blueprint information could be the key to new therapies or techniques to incorporate this into ourselves. But they are in danger of extinction, existing in a small patch of Mexico City's canals as they do. We lose them, we lose the chance to learn from them. How many undiscovered medicines, therapies, techniques lost forever? We don't even begin to imagine accounting for this particular externality
My theory is that TikTok is optimized similarly to YouTube in that it uses viewing time as a signal of interest. So, you could open TikTok, see underage people dancing, turn your phone to your spouse and say "can you believe this is what this app shows?" and the app will take the fact that you played the video as a sign you want to see more.

I don't remember if there's even a downvote button. I had the same experience you did, but in the opposite direction gender-wise, and it took a bit longer to get too young, but it got there.
Expose them to old technology. They can experience new technology when (much) older.
The hypervisor needs hardware virtualization extensions. So if you are running in a public cloud, then yes you would need nested virtualization.
> Obviously environmental factors can affect the amplitude of a radio signal. But environmental factors are less likely to affect the frequency.

I don't think that's "obvious" to most people.
Have you read them? Both are in pending status and not registered. "Advanced Custom Fields" most recent update before a last minute extension to respond to final notice was for: "Merely Descriptive Refusal - Registration is refused because the applied-for mark merely describes the function of applicant’s goods
and/or services."

So far even USPTO attorneys think it's a generic mark not worthy of being registered: https://tsdr.uspto.gov/documentviewer?caseId=sn98321164&docI...
FM works better because it is easier to detect the change in frequency independently of any change in the amplitude.

I'm unsure of what the correct terminology would be, but (for my linear algebra brain) you could say something like, for FM the noise dimension is orthogonal to the signal dimension, while for AM the noise and signal dimensions are the same. Therefore for FM any change in amplitude in the noise dimension should be mostly isolated from the signal dimension, while it is essentially impossible to tell what is noise and what is signal for AM - you could probably do some radio equivalent of a differential pair in order to detect noise and remove it, but then why would you bother when FM has improved noise rejection anyway.
Yup. This is what I see missing from all the non-parents or parents of kids under 10 on HN. Once middle school hits their whole friend/support system is probably on SnapChat and if you're not on there, you're instantly excluded from everything.