skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Interestingly we just went through basically the same upgrade just a couple days ago for similar reasons. We run Amazon Aurora MySQL and Amazon is finally forcing us to upgrade to 8.0.

We ended up spinning up a secondary fleet and bin log replicating from our 5.7 master to the to-be 8.0 master until everything made the switch over.

I was frankly surprised it worked, but it did. It went really smoothly.
AutoEditor: The Optimization That Reduced Memory Consumption by 99%
I guess you could look at this as a restatement of the 'Reflections on trusting trust' paper (https://www.cs.cmu.edu/~rdriley/487/papers/Thompson_1984_Ref...), in that the whole software chain needs securing ideally (though there is value in even doing parts of it).

I don't think that will be possible with federated governance, rather the chain is probably best secured mathematically and in a distributed fashion. Potential use for the blockchain/merkle-clock event log/zksnarks etc. ?
FYI that first link is showing a previous, larger, concept iteration of Starship (then known as ITS) which would have had a 12m diameter, versus the 9m version that SpaceX ended up building.

The second link seems to show a version of Starship that's relatively up-to-date.
> I don't think they can "make me" do anything against my own interest or even change my mind

I think you lack humility and imagination.

Once again, I remind you of the Tobacco industry. After advertisement was abolished, Tabacco use went down significantly. They often targeted young boys with promises of masculinity and prestige.

Keep in mind Tabacco isn't your average product either. It kills you, rather painfully and slowly.

If people can be influenced via ads to do that, which we know they can because they were, odds are you are being influenced right now with products with much less personal risk.

Or perhaps look at the obesity epidemic. We have millions upon millions of people literally eating themselves to death. Their quality of life is severely impacted. That's pretty extreme, certainly nobody would harm themselves like that without influence from the outside. Now, granted, we run into the same problem of confounding factors. Food tastes good and food sense is taught to children. But I personally believe advertisement has something to do with it.

Your note about "competing ads" I don't think works. The reason being that while ads may compete with each other, they all have the same goal - to get you to buy something. Yes, McDonald's and Wendy's compete, but, for you, the effects are pretty much the same. You buy something unhealthy to eat.

I've never seen an ad for not eating. I've never seen an ad for not buying a pair of shoes. I have seen ads for not smoking - PSAs. Which, I think, is really just further proof that advertising must work.

All that to say, I think if ads did work you would have no way of knowing. I think I said this previously but it's pretty much worthless to force someone to do something. The trick is getting them to do it and letting them believe they made the choice. That's the golden goose.
The difference is in how easy it is to detect the cause of problems.
Mistakes like wrong function names are mostly easy to find and fix.
Mistakes when using core.async can be very hard to track down.
Highly recommend his meditation app 'Waking Up' in which he explains and teaches these concepts better than any source I've yet found
Yuuup, the ones who make serious cash may still be on job sites part of the time (the ones you want to hire sure are…) but they’re making so much money because their main jobs are sales and management.

Same as anything else, the real money is in getting a slice of the value of a bunch of other people’s labor. A tradesman who’s quite good at their trade, but no good at management or sales, has a much lower cap on earnings because this route’s not available.
Orbital bombardment capability. Very little early warning compared to a ballistic launch.

Various treaties prohibit having weapons in orbit, but X-37B provides the capability without actively having to have such a system deployed.

Why would the US military specifically need it I'm not sure, but having the option is probably a good thing for them.
That doesn't seem to be quite how it works; apparently the DNA test by itself is not sufficient, and one does need some form of paperwork. Per an explanation by a private law office:

A DNA test can be used to obtain Israeli citizenship, but this is reserved to prove that a person is the child of an Israeli citizen. According to Israeli law, if a child is born to an Israeli mother or father abroad, they can be granted Israeli citizenship. The DNA test is used to authorize this, proving this familial link. We discuss more about obtaining a paternity test in Israel in another article.

In some very rare cases, a DNA test can be used to prove their relation to a Jewish parent, sibling or grandparent, even though the applicant doesn’t have documents proving this relationship, but said person has to have documents verifying that they are Jewish.

https://lawoffice.org.il/en/israeli-citizenship-dna-test/
Yep, IMO this is always the best of the 3 strategies.

The PR is the unit of work, people get too hung up on the PR's individual commits.

Worst: rebase and merge - you end up with your coworker's broken WIP commits all over master, and have a terrible git revert story

OK: merge commit - you can revert, but there is a less intuitive `-m 1` flag (IIRC?) you have to pass into revert, and IMO you rarely need the intermediate history.

Best: squash & merge - you get one single commit representing the unit of work merging in, git revert is dead easy

Also setting the commit message in main to the `{title} (#{prNum})\n\n{prDescription}` format preserves all the good context from your PR and lets you get back to it if you need.
I've been in the business of creating software for a living for 40 years now. The ease of getting a job in this industry is cyclic.

- 80s: you needed two years of experience to get a job. How do you get that experience? Great question! People would go back to school to get a master's in computer science hoping that would improve their odds in finding a job.

- 90s: offshoring begins in earnest, not to mention the huge recession under the Bush administration. Companies were laying off left and right. Things got better as the decade progressed and the so-called "world wide web" became popular.

- 00s: started with the 9/11 disaster. When the towers fell, IT jobs fell with them. Nearly every IT consultant had their contract terminated. Add to that the Y2K crises was over and a lot of IT professionals and new graduates found themselves out of work. Just when things started to look up, the economic crash of 2008 came and kicked us in the nuts. They say the graduates from 2008 never made up for their lost income and opportunities.

- 10s: Mobile! Mobile! Mobile! Breathed new life into the industry. After reeling from Y2K, a lot of companies got serious about replacing the mainframe altogether, not just patching things up. Jobs were pretty good.

- 20s: No real growth in processing power or system capabilities. Development methodologies, technologies, and architectures have been stable for over a decade. A period of refinement and driving efficiencies - i.e. downsizing. AI is in its infancy and people are wondering what it really means for business. Remote work means the talent pool is now much more vast. You can no longer get hired just because you were the best available in the local market. Very similar to the 80s in that people want proven experience.

There you go. The easy days are probably behind us.
It's a classic "Will it work? IDK, maybe. Let's try it and find out..." paper.
Because helicopter parents that install surveillance apps on their child’s phone probably threw fits.
Aren't they using Persona in lieu of Oracle.

So it's kind of the same difference, no?
"I don't work with Node.js"

Consider yourself blessed, as it is the worst designed code ecosystem I've had stinking up the infrastructure. It is worse than VB in many ways.

"You're surprised that AI doesn't work? I'm not."

In general, most productivity studies quietly hide the fact ML LLM make zero impact on experienced developers performance. However, if the algorithm is well formed arbitrary nonsense, then an LLM can generate plausible sounding slop all day long.

Best of luck =3
Well, it depends. Several nginx core developers were laid off in 2022 for no fault of their own. Then we have examples like this:

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=35137213

I also wouldn't say it's all roses, some of my Russian and Jewish friends have felt very uncomfortable participating in FOSS projects during the past couple of years, although it has cooled off somewhat recently. (I have many in both countries for historical reasons.)

It's easy to think there is no discrimination when you're not on the receiving side of it -- some significant minorities in the US should know this very well.
so how does an architecture like "2100 clusters" work. so the write apis will go to a database that contains their data ?

how is this done - like a user would have history, payments, etc. are all of them colocated in one cluster ? (which means the sharding is based on userid) ?

is there then a database router service that routes the db query to the correct database ?
Show HN: I made a simple 2FA generator with no data storage
Check out VerifyGate, an open-source, online two-factor authentication app that lets you generate time-based one-time passwords (TOTPs) without storing any sensitive information and also shows you the 2 next upcoming passwords for convenience. Simply enter your secret key, click "Generate," and get the current and next TOTPs instantly. It's a lightweight solution designed for maximum security and privacy, especially useful for those who don’t want to store their secret keys in a traditional 2FA app.

Would love feedback from the HN community!
The Stallman Report
Yes. For many years, working on hard problems was my "drug of choice", because while in that state time disappeared, as did emotional pain -- being fully invested in a problem used up enough of my brain to shut up the internal narrator and the consciousness of pain.

It still does. But eventually you become aware that you aren't solving the key problem, just making it worse by not addressing it.
There is exactly one country who would have any hope of even achieving MAD in a nuclear exchange, and that number isn't going up any time soon. I don't know that I see any reason to add legs here.
Yeah, very strange. ISS is in the news almost daily by comparison
The problem with installing self-compiled packages to /usr is that they clash with the package manager. /usr/local is a great solution.
Protecting Privacy While Eroding Democracy: PPA Considered Harmful
Would be much more valuable if you can live-preview Sass. It is easy to guess the impact of HTML edits I am making, but guessing impact of style edits is much harder and so live preview would be more valuable.
> If after the price increase there are 10% (50) parking spots open, that means at least a 100 people went elsewhere (20%).

Your math ain't mathing.
Tips to get stared with Hacktoberfest for Open-source contributors [video]
Datacenter Anatomy Part 1: Electrical Systems
I sometimes wish I could be locked in a room until I get a master's degree in Math.
Similar to this: https://discoverquickly.com/ but with a different UI (created by Spotify employee's)
I think we need the word "postdiluvian". You wanted "ante", not "anti", btw
Similar here. I'm not a solopreneur, but I keep writing down ideas — a lot of them. I have a folder that says “Ideas,” and I tinker-write about the problem-solution, etc., when my mind wonders or the weekends after the digital chores.

I also tend to get lots of gotchas while walking, I use the Voice Memo in the phone to just talk to and I write it down when I'm home and in front of the computer.

I also have lots of pen-paper notebooks that I write like crazy all the time. I'm beginning to take a lot care about my "CommonPlace Notebooks" now. Earlier, I use notebooks as a temporary idea-holding medium.
There is zero chance this is what you meant, but I wrote a short story with that concept in 2013: https://www.3delement.com/?p=309

Did you end up finding what you were referring to? None of the other comments actually match that
You can hear Elon Musk in the background.
Honest question, how do you (or amyone) propose to vet drivers? They require drivers license and car insurance registration, anything like a CDL would make being a driver prohibitively expensive. Their rating system already works as a good signal the few times Ive used uber.
Fortunately, He took the time to document His work prior to leaving the company.
Thanks! And they sure did!
You mean PhantomWorks. Skunk Works is Lockheed Martin's advanced R&D arm.
> it could be a concern for any spacecraft that can carry a payload into orbit.

No, it's only a concern for spacecraft with significant cross range capability, like Shuttle and X37B.

All other spacecraft have predictable trajectories, like ICBM's.

The upcoming generation of hypersonics are worse: they are significantly harder to detect on top of speed and maneuverability.
That article makes out as if transmission blocking leads to a safety problem if a transmission gets lost. It doesn't. What that article misses is that aviation radio communications require readback and verification of the readback, in safety critical instructions such as "cleared for take-off". Not just for radio transmission blocking reasons, but also to detect mistakes in mishearing instructions.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tenerife_airport_disaster#Comm... tells a more accurate story: the root cause was that the captain assumed they were cleared for take-off without actually hearing their own callsign and the word "cleared".

Since then, the word "take-off" is avoided in any other type of communication (eg. you might hear "report ready for departure" but never "report ready for take-off"), and every pilot knows never to assume that a clearance has been given unless they hear those exact words together with their callsign.
> Either sell the ring and include lifetime membership for free like Garmin [0], or _lease/rent_ the device on contract and charge a monthly fee. Don't do both

An example of something similar is quip¹'s subscription, you buy the toothbrush and subscribing to the refill plan gets you a "lifetime"² warranty

1: getquip.com

2: lifetime of the subscription
I can't find any citations for this, and it doesn't make sense. Is this AI slop?
Steve Ballmer went from selling brownie mix to Microsoft and the LA Clippers
The article discusses how to move to different orbits while using less fuel and it reminds me of the line from Ender's Game [0]:

"Fighting in a gravity well. That means it's cheaper to go down than up."

0 - If you've never read it, I have a short review of Ender's game here: https://alexpotato.com/books/?l=hn#EndersGame
No “social graph” whatsoever. Instantly disqualifying. News-aggregator-with-comments isn’t social media.
I suggest reading a lot. Reading opens up a lot of ideas. Read articles in your areas of interest, dig deeper, meet up, and talk to people. Talk to potential customers (just make up some hypothetical scenarios), repeat-rinse and things should start bubbling up.
Well that was quick. Decline cookies, get sent away from the site. That is one way to tell me not to come back, and it worked.
An example of the latter is when I worked with healthcare systems.

It was not uncommon for systems to merge datasets, either due to literal M&A or to share records and coordinate care.

A globally unique ID was important, despite not having a globally centralized system.
"I am not my thoughts." Or, as I prefer, "these thoughts are not mine." Experience that over and over again and everything gets a little easier, a little clearer. That's when the detachment from thoughts begins.
I don’t think it’s possible to use shared memory without syncing, and I don’t think there are any algorithms for that. I think shared memory generally doesn’t have values that exist before the warps in a block get there. If you want to use it, you usually (always?) have to write to smem during the same kernel you read from smem, and use synchronization primitives to ensure correct order.

There might be such a thing as cooperative kernels that communicate through smem, but you’d definitely need syncs for that. I don’t know if pre-populating smem is a thing that exists, but if it does then you’ll need kernel level or device level sync, and furthermore you’d be limited to 1 thread per CUDA core. I’m not sure either of those things actually exist, I’m just hedging, but if so they sound complicated and rare. Anyway, the point is that I think if we’re talking about shared memory, it’s safe to assume there must be some synchronizing.

I also assumed by “desynced” you meant threads would be doing scattered random access memory reads, since the alternative offered was homogeneous workloads. That’s why I assumed memory perf might be low or limiting due to low cache hit rates and/or low coalescing. In the case of shared memory, even if you have syncs, random access reads might lead to heavy bank conflicts. If your workload has a very ordered access pattern, if that’s what you meant, but you just don’t need any synchronization, then in that case there’s no problem and perf can be quite good. In any case, it’s a good idea to minimize memory access and strive to be compute bound instead of memory bound. Memory tends to be the bottleneck most of the time. I’ve only seen truly optimized and compute bound kernels a small handful of times.
The other less (directly at least[0]) world ending capability it might unlock is being able to non-destructively interfere with the satellites of other nations. I think they'd prefer to avoid creating huge debris clouds if they could. The X-37B seems like it has the ability to visit and interfere with multiple satellites in a single launch. By being able to drastically change it's orbit it can alter it's orbit to intercept a target satellite and do it's work before the satellite's owner can respond to have the satellites maneuver.

[0] I say less directly because some nations like Russia have doctrine that states they may respond with nuclear weapons to conventional attacks that degrade it's ability to use their nuclear weapons or detect launches so messing with their observation satellites could snowball. According to some reporting one of the big hold ups with the US and other countries authorizing Ukraine to use provided weapons to strike inside Russia is there are dual use facilities that Ukraine would love to strike but also serve as important parts of the Russian nuclear system (early warning radars in the south that monitor airspace over Ukraine and provide launch warnings from places like Turkey/the Mediterranean).
Cortez only had about 500 soldiers. He didn't even had the permission of the Spanish crown, it was a private enterprise. How did he conquered a city of warriors with a population of 300K ?
The Aztecs were tyrants that had abused their neighboring states for decades. Cortez built alliances with Tlaxalans and other tribes. There were battles, a small pox epidemic and a lot of blood. But Cortez was overall a great diplomat that took all the cities under Aztec control one by one until only Tenochtitlan remained.
I can't speak for AIs but whenever I try to draw a hand I quickly look for an excuse to add mittens.
It's the infinite spectrum of music :) Seriously, no idea - I don't think it's anything you can measure, but it looks like the genres are roughly sorted by their "electronic/acoustic ratio"? And it also looks like the author is listening to too much EDM, as that is given wayyyyyyy too much space compared to all the other genres (IMHO)...
I think you are right. We should get rid of that whole line. If a user sets a specific zoom/scale of their choosing, let's just respect it and let it be.
It ships as a Docker container. Docker recommends a minimum of 2GB RAM to run the Linux version of the Docker Engine, before adding constraints imposed by running apps.
That's likely not the point. The point as I read it is that if this is in any way targeted at EU users, then it is clearly in breach of GDPR.
To me, it seemed that the technique presented here was just a logical continuation of methods that OpenAI used when they trained the Dota agents:

https://arxiv.org/pdf/1912.06719v1

And, arguably, Facebook's unsupervised pre-training for their multi-modal speech-to-text models is kind of the same idea as unsupervised pre-training for a multi-modal text-to-image diffuser.

https://ai.meta.com/research/publications/wav2vec-2.0-a-fram...
This article is only scratching the surface of a much deeper path.
I highly recommend the book "Awake: It's Your Turn" by Angelo DiLullo
For the compiler (or linker if global), it already has to prepare a space for the variable, the address is acquired from layout plan, not from referencing the variable at runtime, so the semantics is analogous to "fill number three in the third box."
Tech Bros inventing things that already existed
Note that the X37B has been flying since 2011 and is part of a larger program that has been ongoing at Boeing since the late 90s. It's likely that a lot of the hard work was accomplished before the MBAs at Boeing ruined the company to the extent that they have today.
This is probably a really stupid question, but how would one handle schema migrations with this kind of setup? My understanding is it's aimed at having a database per-tenant (or even more broken down than that). Is there a sane way of handling schema migrations, or is the expectation that these databases are more short-lived and so you support multiple versions of the db (DO) until it's deleted?

In my head, this would be a fun way to build a bookmark service with a DO per user. But as soon as you want to add a new field to an existing table, you meet a pretty tricky problem of getting that change to each individual DO. Perhaps that example is too long lived though, and this is designed for more ephemeral usage.

If anyone has any experience with this, I'd be really interested to know what you're doing.
Hi! Thanks for your reply. First time hearing about Brski, I’ll have a look

I guess your takeaway is that despite spotty support, the benefits of rust are net positive? I guess learning to call C from Rust is gonna be part of it too right ?
Ask HN: Have Support Vector Machines Gone the Way of the Dodo?
Are SVMs still relevant? Do they have a future? Did technological aspects (kernels) influence prominent ML algos?
"nation-state" has a particular meaning and it's not "a smarter-sounding way to say country"
Cutting off access to an entire region of potential upward utility...perhaps permanently if no one is willing to fight the consensus.
The article doesn’t explain how M&A fosters innovation. Valuations yes, but that’s a different thing.
You don't think Apple is going to protect their moat with DRM!?
Hmm, I see it's not a systmed based distro. I see a lot of mounts within /sys/fs/cgroups that my system doesn't have (still has stuff populated in it). From what I see yours has cgroup_root mounted there while systemd mounts cgroups2 there. When you remove all subdirectories/mounts in that folder you have a total of 8 mounts, which is 1 more than OpenBSD.

Do note that systemd mounts a lot of other stuff though that isn't mounted on your system (e.g. bpf, a few tmpfs for service credentials, autofs for keeping /boot and /efi unmounted by default [reason: VFAT is relativly brittle, so only mount when needed] and a lot more kernel fs'). This is on a relativly bare Arch image but I don't think there are a lot more mounts to add after the base system.