skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
So Starship+Superheavy have about 4.6kt of propellant which should mean about 1kt of methane. That's about 2.5kt CO2 per flight which yields 2.5mt CO2 annually for 1000 launches. The US releases around 4.4Gt CO2 annually so you end up with around 0.05% of US emissions. I actually thought it would be more so I hope I didn't miss an order of magnitude somewhere. Quick search says US airliners release less than about 200mt annually so you're looking at less than 2.5% of that.
Annually about 850 million people fly in the US so if you imagine a Starship flight having 100 passengers then in some weird way flying with Starship is maNe about 200 times more CO2 intensive than flying with a plane.

Now high-altidude effects would increase the greenhouse effect of these emissions by some factor I don't know. At the same time a large amount of fuel is actually burned by the booster at below airliner altitudes. Another mitigating effect is that some of this methane could be produced renewably.

I haven't heard about Ozone depletion from spaceflight except for the case of reentering Aluminum burning up. Well this wouldn't be an issue with Starship flights.

So you know overall, let's just give it a lot of conservative margin and imagine we are looking at about 10% of the US airline or 0.2% of total US greenhouse impact. That is on the scale of a whole new industry, yes, but if you can imagine a world which has attained a sustainable rquilibirum surely you can also imagine one which has a bit of margin left? And this is only for the US!

What do you gain? Three of the points I mentioned have potential direct benefit for people.on earth: asteroid mining, L1 solar shield and brilliant pebbles.

Asteroid mining "for profit" also means that the economy profits, unless you believe that capitalism doesn't work. I read that less than 200t platinum are produced annually. Say your asteroid mining crashes that economy. I found some figure of 20kt of CO2 for each ton, so 4mt in total. That is more than your 1000 launches emit! Now my calculations are of course wrong but it seems plausible that the orders of magnitude could match. So you should definetly consider that your asteroid mining operations might stop other mining operations from happening which reduces your greenhouse impact.

Then you have the solar shield. It is certainly possible, although of course difficult and has some risk. But it's good to have a backup plan, no?
Yes, you can be liberalist and anti-regulation while also believing the capabilities are ... what they are. I believe many of Yann's statements are straw-manning or sometimes, simply incorrect downplaying of capabilities.
Ask HN: How big of a problem is unstructured data for companies?
I read somewhere that 90% of companies have data like documents, PDFs, videos, images, audio clips, and other content that are unstructured that will be a big obstacle for ai.

Are there companies already in this space?

Trying to see if there's something here before I possibly create a MVP.
Do we know if there was a test payload?
In the stained glass case, maybe you need to go digital where brightness and color don't matter, but only on-off state.
I think this a valid approach to semantic wrapping, but I don't think this is the only one, and specifically I think it has significant flaws: (1) We've lost grepability unless I write rather complex regexes to handle the possible places where hard line breaks may have been added. (2) We've lost diffability in the sense that if I correct a typo in the word, that correction can cascade through the word and cause multiple lines to show up as changed in the diff when semantically only one part of one word has changed.

Instead, I would prefer a soft semantic wrap: if a single semantic unit (be that a word, a clause, or whatever else) extends beyond, say, 80 characters, we keep it on the same line and let the editor/file viewer handle wrapping. This means that we maintain grepability over words and semantically-connected phrases, and we maintain diffability by avoiding the hard-wrap cascade. To me, this is a much more useful version of semantic wrapping, because it only wraps when there is a semantic clause, and not on any arbitrary semantic break.

My goal here isn't to convince you that this version is better than your version of semantic wrapping, only that wrapping based on semantics is an orthogonal concept to hard and soft wrapping, and that even if we choose to take a semantic wrapping approach, we still need to decide what to do with particularly long lines.

(Although I will add to this: I had a colleague who was a deep fan of semantic wrapping, and I just never really got it. I used it for a couple of years, but I've never run into issues with simply soft-wrapping everything. When inserting new clauses or changing text in the middle of a line, every diff tool that I've used has been able to accurately identify which portion of a given paragraph has changed and highlight it. Meanwhile, as a writer and reader, I need to put more effort into reading prose that is written in an odd, stylised format that is very different from the intended paragraph structure. I can see the argument that I've accepted semantic line breaks in code or configuration files, so I should be able to handle it in markdown, but I just find it harder to read and more irritating to write. But assuming someone does want to use semantic line breaks, I still believe that that's an orthogonal choice to deciding between hard and soft wrapping.)
Trust Rules Everything Around Me
I know many 90s kids that had a complete ban on video games at home, myself included. I am now pleasantly surprised that while I find many games impressive and can appreciate them as feats of engineering, art and game design… I don’t get a level of enjoyment out of them that would risk addiction or avoiding other life responsibilities. It’s never the first or even the top tenth choice of activity to do on a day off. I may have lost out on many a great experience, but the amount of free time I’ve gained relative to many men my age is worth it to me.
The article is really light on actual details.

Basically, this is a company who uses ESP32 to read serial data from batteries using UART and retransmits it in json over MQTT. They apparently had buggy C code to do that (for unspecified reasons) and successfully rewrote that in Rust.

Conclusion, you can write ESP32 code in Rust. No information on what that actually entails sadly.
It seems to directly contradict a lot of what you've said in this thread about the idea of a reconquest being a modern historiographic invention.
I’m doing some C on esp32 currently, and wondered about switching to rust, and I understand that simple cases with Rust are solid. I’m definitely interested in trying it out.

However we need to work with a lot of the hardware apis like twai, ble, lte, ota, etc. It seems like support is spotty or it’s DIY.

It’s also worth keeping mind the remark about developer availability. I can generally answer questions about the C to someone who’s not experienced in C, while Rust might be another story.
When colleagues ask questions in Slack, I sometimes paste Kagi's search summary. Quick and usually spot-on.

Funny thing is, I've told the team about Kagi, but not everyone's willing to pay/see the benefits yet. Meanwhile, I'm wondering why they're asking if a good search engine could answer it so easily.
> and the vikings (presumably Leif Erikson)

That’s closer to a piece of historical trivia though, the Viking discovery of North America had very limited impact and nobody in Europe was aware of it or understood the significance.

What Columbus did led to dozens of other expeditions almost immediately. Within a few decades the largest the New World states were subjugated by Europeans and some of the worst recorded epidemics in human history swept the continent decimating societies which hadn’t even had any direct contact with Europeans yet.

He also allowed Spain to become the preeminent European power for the next century or so.

How is that not extremely significant?
Blocking the "Sign in with Google" Prompt (2023)
I replied with some guesstimations to the other comment, I would be curious to hear what you think.
> it doesn't seem to be the screen that's the problem

that is not a surprise really. a happy child will prefer real life interaction while an unhappy child will try to hide somewhere.
Let's unite the startup ecosystem in Europe with a standardized ‘EU Inc'
> there's an interesting tension here with applications that target self-hosting

Being already set up in Docker simplifies this quite a bit for smaller installs. But I notice a send tension - the introduction of some new tool on every project.

I'm reasonably proficient with Docker, been using it for over a decade. But until now I've never encountered "rush". And it did not surprise me to find some new tool - actually I probably would have been surprised to not find some new tool. Every project seems to foregoe established, known tools for something novel now. I mean I'm glad it's not "make", but the overhead for learning completely new tools to understand what I'm introducing into the company is attrition.
Aim it at something that can’t move
Show HN: A website to add another source of laugh to you daily life
I created a website some months ago called soundai studio which helps indie games dev, filmmakers and sound designers to create high quality and free royality sound effects. It worked well but i noticed my of my users just create funny sounds. Thus I decided why not create another website that is specifically for this purpose. That's how I created funnysoundeffects.com . You can explore 1000+ of funny sound effects or create your own with Ai. Which you can play in a funny way with cool button shaped player. Ofcourse this idea is already done by many other websites but none has done it with Ai yet as you need on in those website to upload the sound rather than creating it in seconds with my website.

I hope you like it and enjoy it. looking forward for the feedback
Not sure about far more conscientious, but people do stop at red lights. Seeing someone run a red light is very rare, maybe once every 3-4 years. And even those aren't blatant, they are people trying to get through before the red but failing. So what I do (and teach the kids) is that when the pedestrian crossing goes green (or white, technically) then wait a second, look left & right, and if everyone is stopped, then cross. That eliminates the risk of someone trying to rush through in the last second, and at that point it is perfectly safe to cross.
A Gemini summary of this thread: https://g.co/gemini/share/a661b47cc0f3
Yes, cut them some Slack.
The attorney in question may have other clients.
Tangent to that, I hadn't realised their Orion browser was mac only, which is a flag of some colour to me. A company that takes privacy seriously ought to be taking Linux or cross platform seriously and if they do not I assume they do not.
Other comments gave a nice explanation of why AM does need a bandwidth, but here's the information theory explanation: https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shannon%E2%80%93Hartley_theo...

TL;DR: the information one can reliably send through a noisy channel (C) is proportional to the bandwidth of that channel.
It is in an suborbital trajectory but with enough energy to be equivalent to reaching orbit.

Think of it as instead of thrusting perpendicular to gravity for the most optimal energy usage Starship instead points its nose up gaining more altitude but now lacks the speed to miss earth as it comes down.
Yes, I also think the phenomenal adoption of computing is fundamentally a good thing as it unlocks new levels for society, at least in principle.

In the short term it triggered a race to a low-information, consumerist bottom in many respects (privacy invasion, addictive dark patterns, locked-down platforms, general enshittification etc.).

But this state of affairs, while unfortunate and lamentably gross waste, does not feel terminal. It is very unfullfiling beyond superficial sugar rushes and essentially hostile to the user-product being exploited. Especially so for the talented people that itch to get their hands dirty.

Informed and able minorities are what moves the needle, not dazed and confused masses. The history of (online) computing does not end here. It is still very early days.
Flower 1.12 release (open-source decentralized AI)
I haven't tried it myself (I don't even run an XMPP server anymore) but based on the description, combining something like sylkserver[1], perhaps with a dedicated SIP service (Asterisk/FreePBX?), should get you VoIP phone calls from XMPP. You can probably get one of those SIM-to-SIP devices (or maybe there's software) if you want mobile phone calls.

There's one problem with this setup: emergency numbers may not work and might get routed to the wrong place.

[1]: https://github.com/AGProjects/sylkserver
If they didnt, Apple would have been banned. Thats the power of CCP.
ITS, Maclisp, Emacs, and TECO were not gone in 1982. But admittedly on their way out.
There are millions worldwide. You can see advancement in technologies and thinkings exceed what we read during Renaissance time. Dont believe me, search for shenzhen 30 years ago vs today? Even the last 10 years Shanghai and Moscow prosper and developed incredibly than any 10-years periods in Florence. Elon is a bit overhype at this point. His cybertruck set that category of tech years backward. RoboTaxi? My goodness like Waymo never existed. Hyperloop? Yeah ot is called bullet train, Chinese (beating Germans and Japanese) now perfected the development of tracks construction even though not yet with superconductivity.
Size likely has nothing to do with it, while reliability is a much bigger concern.

If your business uses said tool for all client work, and it's hosted on a single server (be it physical or a VM), that is a SPoF. Any downtime and your business grinds to a halt because none of your project or customer information is accessible to anyone.
The Portuguese were doing the rational thing and taking the much rational and safer option.

Was anyone really going west before Columbus? Of course I assume the Portuguese might have discovered Brazil eventually anyway because of the ocean currents
The web is very much dead as a matter of fact. I don't think a search engine has he ability to filter out all the LLM garbage that's flooding the internet. Just look at stackoverflow and github. Ever since chatgpt was released, the contributions skyrocketed and the quality dropped off the face of the earth and into a dark oblivion.
I see 'Node.js' and I see something that's going to be unwieldy pretty soon.
That is still a lot of word for no substance beside vaguely quoting two articles you probably found with a 1min google search

If you are an engineer or even have half a brain nothing prevents you from doing a more in depth analysis, make a blog and post it here.

Right now not only are you a naysayer but you are even putting on hacker news commenter the burden of defending your point.
Yes, now it seems obvious, but before this it wasn't clear that that would be something that could speed things up, due to the fact that the pretrained model was trained on a separate objective. It's a brilliant idea that works amazingly.
Dawg please don’t do this. I used to suffer panic attacks most anytime I left my house. I self medicated with benzos I bought off Silk Road during the day and at night whiskey. I do not recommend this path for the following reasons:

1. Tolerance. This is the most pragmatic reason. The dose that works today will not have the same effect tomorrow as your body builds a tolerance. This leads to:

2. Physical dependence. If you become physically dependent on alcohol (or benzodiazepines) you will have serious withdrawal effects if you don’t taper. You won’t be able to stop anytime.

3. Mental dependence. Life was worse for me when I had to worry about maintaining my supply of benzos and whiskey. It’s like a chain tying you down.

4. Mental clarity. I find I’m able to think better with no substances.

I found a therapist specializing in panic disorder and it was immensely helpful. I have since had a bit of a regression but went back to therapy and now I’m essentially anxiety free. Or more accurately I know how to manage it and not stop me from doing what I want to do.

Please look into therapy it can really help. You will be investing in a long term skill instead of a short term fix.
What about the user interface? I’m all in on Go + Sqlite, but the user facing parts need a UI.
I am impressed by the laser border animations on the pricing page and that laser clock. Will check later how they are built. Amazing if CSS alone has advanced that far.
Let me guess. You are Catalonian, right?
Access to competant Rust developers can be a challenge even for large companies.

I recently finished a contract at a (very large game dev) company where some tools were written in Rust. The tools were a re-write of python scripts and added no new functionality but were slightly faster in Rust.

The reality was that these tools were unmaintainable by the rest of the company. Only the author "knew" Rust and it was hard to justify a new hire Rust developer to maintain this small set of tools.

The only reason these tools were written in Rust was because the dev wanted to learn Rust (a big but common mistake). I pointed out to the Technical Director that this was a big mistake and the teams had taken on a large amount of technical debt for no reason other than the ego of the wanna-be-rust-developer. Since I "knew" Rust he wanted me to maintain it. My advice was to go back to the Python scripts and I left.
The key word here is "plan".
I‘ve heard that knots only exist in 3 dimensions. In 2D you can’t entangle anything and in 4D+ you can always untangle everything.
In the examples of Exceptions,

> Distribution Integration

Yeah, so much. Example that happend a few years ago, in a project I particpated to:

downstream sends a patch to support an alternative build system, the patch includes a CI run. Gentle upstream accepts. One day downstream stops giving a s**t and consequently does not maintain the support anymore. Eventually at some point the CI breaks. Now upstream has extra-work, while initially it did not really want to support the alternative build system.
I don't think that's correct. As I understand it, O1 can use reinforcement learning to optimize its chain of thought, but each individual "thought" is still subject to the performance of the LLM.

Therefore, while it can generate new strategies to approach a problem, the implementation of each step within the strategy is limited by a probabilistic approach.

Contrast that with AlphaZero, which can come up with strategies that are 100% unique (in theory), since it isn't constrained by any human training.

I think O1 is a step forward, but not a massive leap in technology.
C.f. 'git', which you probably do use and etymologically is obviously a bit rude and humorous too.
'I lost £165k to fraud in an hour' – customers say they were let down by Revolut
Did you think about how you support the cables ? Surely they must be tensionned or else they will hang. How do you tension them ? Of course you know that the more the cable is tensionned, the more force you need. So you need a big-ass structure to hold all of these cables. They must be able to circulate around the perimeter, while being in tension, while not collapsing the structure that holds them, etc..

I'm sure you think it's easy, but I'm sure some people thought a bit more
> I wonder how much of it is low-level experienced developers only ever using C fail to see that C is not the universally best tool

I'd say that's it. From my own experience with software developers, convincing some of them to learn something new is practically impossible.
This isn't the issue were discussing. The amount of data is not a relevant issue currently.

The issue is the inclusion and ranking of easily discernable junk. Google has stopped caring, for my cited reasons, and can tackle this if they want.

There is nothing preventing this other than it actually helping them by making their products preferable.

For example, eliminating any page with referral links. Eliminating copycats. No, it's not an issue for them. This alone would get rid of 1/2 the junk.

But that would reduce their silo. And further?

It would mean that other search engines which buy Google search results would benefit too!

Far better to show their picks on their first page results, whist keeping lower quality answers in their general search results. They can show competition exists, without really helping that competition, and people stay siloed.
With awe and inspiration perhaps. I don’t think author of comment above means a particular substance. You can also get energy with sleep, you see.

This reminds me of a popular saying by Vivekananda

‘Everybody’s mind becomes concentrated at times. We all concentrate upon those things we love, and we love those things upon which we concentrate our minds.’

This search/yarn for attention/concentration is a core principle of yoga, and only more relevant with the bombardement of information we have to take on daily base.

Source: https://vivekavani.com/swami-vivekananda-quotes-concentratio...

As a disclaimer: I’m baptised as an Orthodox Christian (in an autocephalous church which is neither Russian, nor Greek), so you can take the above from a philosophical not religious perspective.
Maybe it's a good product or maybe they paid dang off. Two possibilities. Which one is more likely?
>Only the author "knew" Rust [...] because the dev wanted to learn Rust

Many such cases. Recipe for disaster.
I received an email from ACF urging me to update my installs, while I appreciate the gesture, I see they mentioned Matt Mullenweg without specifying who he is or what he did. Now I'm a HN reader but it could be wise to give more context to their many users who are probably clueless of the whole drama.
Embedded developers that know Rust is an even smaller pool than Rust developers in general. It’s almost two non-intersecting groups of people since embedded in general is less well paid in many countries and so doesn’t attract people interested in the latest and greatest hyped up language.
That’s basically it. Using double-letter loop counters is a very simple courtesy that one can pay to other developers or oneself in the future.
Thanks these are good ideas and fairly accessible
It's possible that new execution models can be found. Tabling is one such execution strategy that many prolog implementationsc already provide.
Show HN: I made an AI data Analyst to process n number of connections
Hey guys,

I’m a uni undergraduate pursuing my bachelors in data science and I’ve taken a keen interest in working with LLMs to generate data visualisations easily.

I’ve recently noticed that GPT doesn’t allow a lot of generations due to its rate limiting and to counter this I’ve made a tool which utilises GPT API(bit of an overkill tbh) to process prompts and provide an output (with option to modify those outputs as well)

I hope you guys like it and feel free to give me any advise or feedback about running this app.

https://www.sheetbot.ai/
Nah, I had already looked everything up some time before.

The "timeanddate" meeting planner is my go-to these days for figuring out cross tz stuff:

https://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/meeting.html

Not always super intuitive, but I have yet (heh!) seen it give wrong time info. :)