skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
We are heading for Pliocene conditions and yes, the tipping point is in the past. Even complete cessation of fossil fuel use and zero net deforestation (growth of timber == harvest of timber) would not stop it at this point, as it would take ~100 years for the system to come to a new equilibrium, and even then, permafrost melt and methane/CO2 outgassing from permafrost would continue (with some offset from tree growth in northern polar regions as the permafrost retreats).

Thus continual sea level rise is going to be a fact of life, possibly for several thousand years, until sea levels are 10 to 25 meters higher than today. Average temperatures will be 2-3C higher than the preindustrial Holocene average, (currently ~1.2C higher) with significant regional variation. Many regions that support large human populations will become inhospitable on a decadal timeline (i.e. it takes about ten years for signal to emerge from noise at current warming rate).

As far as ocean acidification, this is probably the least of our worries, unlike ocean hypoxia and anoxia, which are steadily expanding due to all the organic matter and fertilizer dumped into the oceans by human civilization. Coral reefs were widespread in the Pliocene, and the acidification is just a surface water phenomenon and is fairly minimal - the buffering capacity of the ocean is vast, and it's just a mixing issue as surface water tends to sit on top of the deeper waters.
I'm not particularly religious, but I was raised catholic and I try to go to church with the kids every sunday. I view the ceremonies (especially church) as a meditative process. You train your psyche to associate the ceremony with entering into a particular mind state. Its not so much the specific words you are saying as much as it is the process.
Dual LCDs also have poor brightness since a lot less light gets through the two layers. That can be overcome by a much stronger backlight, which produces tons of heat that require active cooling.
That's such a weird attitude.

It's so weird to say "unproven" when you're talking about a 1000 chemicals, because statistically the odds that they are all harmless seems negligible.

Also strange unfair exercise you're setting up -- that we can't be upset about chemicals if we aren't exercising?

How about instead -- the FDA finds a short list of proven safe food-grade wrappers, and we all pay the extra 1 cent per product to use those? I really cannot understand your mentality at all here.
Signal's Meredith Whittaker: 'I see AI as born out of surveillance'
Never heard of planetary boundaries framework before but the way it’s discussed in this piece kind of immediately tripped my hippy pseudoscience alerts. TFA is actually a maddening read from beginning to end anyway.. lots of awkward phrasing, bad diction, weird punctuation.
Can someone enlighten me on how Sam Altman is a "visionary" of any kind? The extent of his vision, to the best of my knowledge so far, is "things will get cheap then cool stuff will happen." That's the laziest "vision" I've ever seen in my life. It depicts nothing concrete whatsoever.
> Instead of marking asynchronous functions, languages should have had us mark synchronous functions […] Although that wouldn’t remove the possibility of bugs when calling a blocking function in async code,

So mark "synchronous" (i.e., non-yielding) and "asynchronous" (i.e., non-blocking). Then we can have the synchronous colour, the asynchronous colour, functions that are both (e.g. pure CPU-bound tasks, like arithmetic), and functions that are neither (e.g. buggy code).
Unfortunately, sometimes someone becomes a bad example. That doesn't make them a "scapegoat", the favored defense of people like that.

A scapegoat is something that takes on all the sins of a lot of others who skate free. If Masliah is the only one who ever suffers, then he IS a scapegoat, but if this article serves to uncover a lot of other bad actors, then he's not. And if his example serves to warn a lot of other scientists to clean up their acts, then his suffering is a benefit.
OTOH, an LCD, at best, let's 50% of the light pass through it, so, for two stacked LCD panels, you'll need a much brighter backlight.
Exactly. Conflating buying with renting indefinitely, without resale ability, is a deliberate way of confusing people for profit. My younger, more naive self, might have been surprised at just how long society has allowed this to slide.
AI distills top podcasts into key takeaways
An excellent book about a real spy between WWI and II is "Cracking the Nazi Code" by Jason Bell. It's not about encryption, it's about how Canada had someone who understood the German people and how he predicted Hitler's rise to power.
> you have a compelling reason to go somewhere the time savings of air travel often make it a no-brainer compared to other forms of transport

People who have strong reasons to fly aren't really the main audience for those adverts, then. It's more about advertising cheap fights to Italy for example.
The passive voice shit from the past couple years has gotten truly audacious and increasingly infuriating
Exactly what I was thinking.

Also: when is this coming to KiCad? :)

PS: It would also be nice to apply a similar algorithm to graph drawing (e.g. trying to optimize for human readability instead of electrical performance).
The results would only be notable if they were substantially better than the Google results.
Isn't this already the case for large portions of GPUs? Like, many of the blocks would be systolic arrays?

I think the next step is arrays of memory-based compute.
In case this is of interest, MIT's 6.5840[0], distributed systems, has a series of labs, implementing Raft in Go. Haven't made it through the whole thing yet, but it's quite entertaining so far.

The teachers provide you with some code templates, a bunch of tests, and a progressive way to implement it all.

[0]: https://pdos.csail.mit.edu/6.824/index.html
That most of us saw coming from a mile away
> Stasi-related materials

These days, online mapping and Streetview snapshots could be exhibited in a museum of street surveillance.

https://blog.google/products/maps/street-view-15-new-feature...
(Since there's no other definition of historic that I know of (500M years seems as arbitrary as any other number), I think the person was referring to the literal definition of historic, namely, written records. Not that I think this is a very fruitful argument to make, or whether weather recorded in shells could be considered written is perhaps also debatable)
100 years ago there were literally people selling snake oil as medicine. There have always been soft rubes to fleece. What changed is our society decided there should be limits to that, and could afford to do something about it so now we have things like the FDA. A society has the ethics it can afford.
Completely irrelevant. Humans cannot survive in the conditions of the Cambrian. Merely going back to the Cambrian is enough to ensure our extinction. No one cares that the CO2 levels were higher then. What matters is that we will all be dead if we go anywhere near those levels.
GenAI will make faking western blots fantastically easy
Three explained solutions to LeetCode #10: regular expression matching
Author here. Feedback on the clarity of the exposition is much appreciated! This article is a deep-dive back to basics on thinking algorithmically.
They love fancy titles - reading it I thought we got accepted into the intergalactic federation.
Physical game disks have maybe one console generation left. Nintendo might keep cartridges around for two tops. The future is basically all digital. When doing his Mea Culpa rounds about Xbox losing the console wars, Phil Spencer talked about how being second in the generation where gamers built up digital libraries was likely too much to overcome.[1] Most game sales already happen digitally[2], and the number continues to rise.

[1] https://www.trueachievements.com/n53706/phil-spencer-intervi....
[2] https://academyofanimatedart.com/gaming-statistics/#:~:text=....
This is a motte-and-bailey fallacy that got brought up a lot by gambling proponents early on. The biggest difference is that by design investments on average will return a zero or net positive potential for return. Gambling will always return an average negative return by design.

EDIT:

There was a study that came out a month ago that showed that state by state when online sports betting became legal, there was about a $20/month reduction in retirement investments. Considering only ~12-20% of the population has taken part in sports betting, this is not an insignificant reduction in retirement investments.
At the risk of sounding old and cranky I'm inclined to agree with you. The story made me smile no doubt. But I was not expecting a public transportation story.
The YouTube video acknowledges the over engineering in the title.
And satirizing by calling people funny names is usually found in elementary schools.
I have a 7 year old, and I think the parent is right. It would be very hard to unwind the winning experience from the psyche of a kid. They'd be talking about it for months - maybe even years. My kid still talks about the run-of-the-mill soccer goal he scored three weeks ago.

Parent is dramatizing it, and one event probably wouldn't make _that_ much of a difference in life outcome, but I think there's a valuable lesson here. The dad was gambling.
According to the same logic, life is also a negative sum game.
I'm a recovering academic, and have not published since not long after defending my dissertation.

I blame this behavior entirely on "publish or perish". The demands for novel, thoughtful and statistically-significant findings is tremendous in academe, and this is the result: cheating.

I left professional academia because I resented the grind, and the push to publish ANYTHING (even reframing and recombining the same data umpteen times in different publications) in an effort to earn grants or attain tenure.

The academia system is broken, and it cannot be repaired with minor edits, in my opinion. This is a tear out and do over scenario for the academic culture, I'm afraid.
There was no "minor flaw" in the Titan submersible.

It was a very bad design[1], using substandard material[2] in new and untested ways[3] with poor assembly practices[4]. It was fatally flawed from the start.

1 - Asked about the carbon composite used in Titan’s experimental design, Cameron said, “It’s completely inappropriate for a vessel that sees external pressure.” He went on to say that carbon fiber is very helpful when used for applications subject to internal pressure, like scuba tanks. But, he said, “for something that’s seeing external pressure, all of the advantages of composite material go away and all the disadvantages come into play.”

2 - Another possible "shortcut": https://www.latestly.com/world/titan-submersibles-hull-was-a...

"Expired" bare carbon fiber might be ok; expired prepreg is likely not ok. And I still can't get my head around the apparent mixing of prepreg and wet winding resins in the same laminates.

That article says Boeing has no record of ever selling oceangate composite material. So either he got it for free (Dumpster diving?) or it came from someone else. Maybe some guy in a parking lot: My boss told me to deliver this stuff to Boeing but they wouldn't take it because its expired, I'll sell it to you cheap.

3 - "Thickness, he says, was estimated using micromechanics, and then verified with finite element analysis (FEA).”. >Wonderful. That sort of maybe can work for tension stresses, but can be highly unreliable for compression loading

4 - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4PUTbK5AqY8 :
>For such a critical joint I see some questionable prep work >in the video.
>-Bare hands touching the bond surface.
>-Solvent wiping used instead of caustic degreasers.
>-Poor wiping technique
>-no surface profile/grit blast immediately prior to fixing.

All sources are from commenters on: https://www.eng-tips.com/viewthread.cfm?qid=508005
When was this profitability report, because the cost per token generation has dropped significantly.

When GPT4 was launched last year, the API cost was about $36/M blended tokens, but you can now get GPT4o tokens for about $4.4/M tokens, Gemini 1.5 Pro for $2.2/M or DeepSeek-V2 (as 21B A/236B W model that matches GPT4 on coding) for as low as $0.28/M tokens (over 100X cheaper for the same quality output over the course of about 1.5 years).

The just released Qwen2.5-Coder-7B-Instruct (Apache 2.0 licensed) also basically matches/beats GPT4 on coding benchmarks and quantized can not only can run at a decent speed on just about any consumer gaming GPU, but on most new CPUs/NPUs as well. This is about a 250X smaller model than GPT4.

There are now a huge array of open weight (and open source) models that are very capable and that can be run locally/on the edge.
I beg to differ, one has to use the tool properly towards the desired results, for that, one has to understand and know the capabilities and limitations of the tool, for instance got my Plumber AI (local Llama 3.1 8B) to give his opinion on AI, I think it did a pretty good job and certainly not corporate :)

"Blimey, I've been thinkin' about this AI business a lot lately. I mean, I'm a plumber, I fix pipes, I don't get involved in all this fancy tech stuff, but it's hard to ignore. I was talkin' to a mate who's into that sort of thing and he's got me worried. He says these AI systems are gonna be takin' over, doin' all the work while we sit back and collect our pensions.

Now, I'm not sure I agree. I mean, I've seen some of these AI systems in action and they're not exactly the most reliable things, if you know what I mean. I've had to fix more than a few pipes that were clogged up by some dodgy software or other. And what's the point of havin' a system that's smarter than us if it's just gonna break down and need fixin' all the time?

But, I suppose that's just the old plumber in me comin' out. I mean, I know some folks who are workin' with AI and they say it's the future, that we're all gonna be replaced by robots and whatnot. And I suppose that's a bit scary, but I'm not sure I buy it. I mean, what's the harm in havin' a bit of intelligence to help us out? As long as it's not too smart, if you know what I mean.

Anyway, that's my two pence on AI. Take it or leave it, I don't care. I'm just gonna go fix some pipes and let the tech wizards sort it out."

Challenged it with: What do you mean "clogged up by some dodgy software" how does software clogs pipes?

"That was a bit of a stretch, wasn't it? As a plumber, I'm more used to dealing with physical blockages in pipes, like grease or hair, rather than software.

What I was trying to get at was that I've had to fix pipes that were faulty or malfunctioning due to poor design or manufacturing, and that's what I meant by "clogged up by some dodgy software". But that's a bit of a misnomer, isn't it?

In reality, I was just trying to come up with a way to relate my plumbing experience to the idea of AI systems being unreliable. But I think I ended up stretching a bit too far! Maybe I'll stick to talking about pipes and not try to get too clever with my analogies."
https://github.com/golergka/golergka/blob/main/israeli-pager...

The difference is:

1. Who is targeted

2. Objective of the attack

3. Value of military objective compared to expected collateral damage

In other words, everything. This attack is one of the most targeted and surgical attacks of this caliber in the history of warfare. Seeing comments like this on HN really kills my faith in humanity.
Ceefax and the Birth of Interactive TV
Casinos do the same thing, try playing a correct game of blackjack (which is the only game approaching fair odds in the place). You'll be backed off or the house will change the minimum of the table you're on all the while trying to extract your ID so they can get you added to their database of "advantaged" players.
How are they?

I'm in California -- I love the konbinis in Japan, and while 7-Eleven's recent announcements to offer more konbini-like food and experience sounds great, I fear it's going to fall far short of the mark because I think it's a combination of ingredients, supply chain, and employee processes and practices. Like, all those things need to be on point to deliver a quality onigiri or egg salad sandwich, and I don't have a whole lot of confidence in the US-based 7-Elevens to deliver without massive changes.

(And to be clear, I don't think there has been any mention of onigiri appearing at US-based 7-Eleven, they have have announced better/different prepared sandwich offerings)
How would that be possible? Novelty is a known weakness of the LLMs and ideally the only things published in peer-reviewed journals are novel.
Thanks for sharing all of the interesting history.

Yes, a book is not a one time pad, but in practice is probably more practical for a real spy in historical times, and probably "good enough." But the possibility of retroactively breaking all past communications if your book is seized is a huge problem. However, simply getting caught with a one time pad would essentially prove you were a spy. Nowadays of course, it is both easier to digitally conceal onetime data, e.g. on a regular phone, and easier to brute force a book based cipher, especially if you have access to large digital book archives.
Maybe a little bit of humanity and feel good is just what HN needs! These computers and software and such are after all for... humans mostly.
> How do you update the IaC from multiple places?

The same way you update any other code from multiple places. A version control system (eg.: git and github), with CI/CD.

> How do you visualize drift?

Why do you have drift in the first place? Gitops is an obvious solution to drift.

> It’s easy enough to imagine how you would update a single declaration, but thinking about how to make the code reactive will break your brain.

I’m sorry, I don’t follow at all here. I’m not sure what the problem is with IaC. If your IaC is declarative, it’s no more complicated than data.
> For all the complaints about AI generated content showing up in scientific journals, I'm exited for the flip side, where an LLM can review massive quantities of scientific publications for inaccuracies/fraud.

How would this work? AI can't even detect AI generated content reliably.
> but you can't say that CO2 levels are at historic lows when they're up 30% in the past 60 years

I thought I made it very clear the historic period I was referring to. Questioning the relevance is indeed apropos. However, the semantics, I do not understand.

Regarding the last 60 years, I think it is very unlikely that the earth has not had a period where atmospheric CO2 concentrations have not rose as quickly. The volcanism, planetary impacts, and die offs of the past had to have had similar impacts. Yet, shelled creatures survived to the extant that they are ubiquitous in the earth's waters today.

There indubitably have been extinction events and perhaps some of them have been caused by ocean acidification.
Can this be abstracted and generalized into a more generally applicable optimization method?
Don't forget externalities. E.g. you can get a fee-free bank account with fee-free cash withdrawals, courtesy of the bank being able to loan out that money under fractional-reserve restrictions. In that sense transactions can pay for themselves. Presumably nobody would print money if it wasn't being put to use. Hence, novel currencies can enable novel business models and potentially do more than just lower transaction costs in a zero-sum way. (Admittedly the value of such business models at present, e.g. crypto scams, is somewhat debatable)
You've given two examples. Please explain why you can extrapolate to all of academia.
aww r/mademesmile
When I was living in Belgium I frequently saw ads for heating oil, as they were battling a rise in more stringent emission standards for home furnaces, and they were losing against the natural gas ones, whose emissions are much much lower.
To the contrary, "sacrifice for thee but not for me" is not real leadership. They can't advocate that the work of common people is less important and can therefor be done by Zoom.

To your point, I don't think people take umbrage with creating or advocating for compelling alternatives. But there's a difference between that and playing the blame game.
Perhaps what we should be pushing for is a law that would force full disclosure regarding the training corpus and require a curated version of the training data to be made available. I'm sure there would be all kinds of unintended consequences of a law like that but maybe we'd be better off starting from a strong basis and working out those exceptions. While billions have been spent to train these models, the value of the millions of human hours spent creating the content they're trained on should likewise be recognized.
Riiight.

So it is censorship that we don't sell alcohol in schools?

It is censorship that we prohibit open beverages in automobiles and airplane cockpits?

Yikes. I expect this kind of "all regulations bad!!" nonsense on other social media, but sadly, starting to find it here too.
Yes, you are correct.

My idea is to cause a compile error if the backend can't use all instructions for which it knows the worst case latency or if it can't use purely constant-time instructions.
Well, no.

Primarily, the sun warms the surface of the Earth, and the Earth itself generates heat.

What WE are doing is reducing the amount of heat radiated from the surface of the Earth until atmospheric expansions reaches a new equilibrium. In other words, we're affecting the radiative cooling equilibrium of the Earth. We are not heating it in any way.
Forcing periodic password changes has been against NIST recommendations since 2017

[PDF] https://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.S...

> Verifiers SHOULD NOT require memorized secrets to be changed arbitrarily (e.g., periodically). However, verifiers SHALL force a change if there is evidence of compromise of the authenticator. (page 14)

What's new in 2024's draft is changing this from "SHOULD NOT" to "SHALL NOT"
OpenTelemetry Journey – The Highs, Lows, and Lessons Learned
The massacres were deplorable, full stop, regardless of the ancestry or geographic origin of the victims (or the motives of the perpetrators).

But as a point in fact the group you are referring to, being by and large composed of descendants of recent migrations from other regions (with no direct ancestry in Palestine for 1000+ years, and with significant admixture with other groups) -- is better described as "long-term resident" rather than "native".

--

Per the commenter's update:

Sorry, but what you're saying is false. It's true that there've always been some Jews living continuously in Palestine, but for centuries they were essentially a bottleneck community, and over time (especially after the Alhambra Decree in 1492, but starting well before then) their numbers began to be supplanted by migrants largely from Spain and from other parts of the Ottoman Empire, as well as from other countries in Europe.

It's just a demographic and historical fact. The statements
"Jews didn't live in Palestine for 2 thousand years" and "Jews came from Europe" (which no one said here) are both straw men in that regard. I won't assign motives to you for what you're saying, but it's ahistorical in any case. Most likely you are simply mistaken, as a result of the "Jews have lived continuously in Palestine" line being repeated over, and over, and over again. It's partially true of course, but only part of a much bigger story.
Early Linux 6.12 Kernel Benchmarks Showing Some Nice Gains on AMD Zen 5
Consider the possibility that your brother might be a cat ...
I mean... they tell you right on their webpage that track you and and use your private information (such as: location, current app, locale, device ID, ...).

Sure, it's a "random" identifier, ... tied to your exact location, soooo random.

https://www.apple.com/legal/privacy/data/en/apple-advertisin...

And also: https://www.wired.com/story/apple-privacy-data-collection/