skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
There is no provider network (or even non-trivial corporate network) without over-subscription somewhere. It is completely impractical to achieve. Consider a simple Ethernet network with 4 nodes each with a 10gbps connection:

A
B # C
D

Assume the switch in the middle (the "#") is a non-blocking cross-bar switch, so every port has a dedicated internal 10gbps path to every other port. Even in this simple example, you already have over-subscription which cannot be resolved except by having every node directly connected to every other node: while each node can transmit (and receive) 10gbps independently, if, say, nodes A and B both want to transmit 10gbps towards node C, the egress buffer for port C on the switch will fill up and overflow.

Ok, you say, I'm just worried about ISP networks, not some free-for-all hypothetical Ethernet network where the nodes want to talk to each other. All the subscriber nodes just want to talk to the uplink, not each other:

----+ 100 gbps uplink +----
| DSLAM or similar device |
----+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+----
| | | | | | | | | |
A B C D E F G H I J ...

Here we have a (practically speaking) non-blocking node. But, ISPs need to have way more than 100 subscribers to be practical. So we need a lot of these devices. And we've just moved our contention up a level or two:

[ uplink switch ]
+ + + + + +
[ DSLAM ] [ DSLAM ] [ DSLAM ] [ DSLAM ] [ DSLAM ] [ DSLAM ] ...

If we have 10 of these DSLAMs connected to an uplink (still quite small for an ISP in a moderate-sized town,) we need 1tbps of bandwidth going to our core router. If we have 100, 10tbps, and so on.

From there, at a typical big ISP, you'd have connections going toward (directly, or via another intermediate location) two different exchange points. And there, the math, which is already completely implausible, becomes totally bonkers. The reason being that a typical ISP wants to do what's called settlement-free peering to exchange traffic with other providers, rather than buy connectivity from one or more of them.

So, to keep our network "oversubscription free", whatever max uplink (likely in the thousands of terabits per second range at this point, at the very least,) has to be provisioned with every single provider our hypothetical ISP peers with. After all, we aren't doing any statistical traffic analysis. We're just making sure that there is no point of contention between any of our customers and any provider we peer with, anywhere in our network.

Even if you take peering out of the equation, all you've done is move the problem around: a provider could buy, say, 10,000 tbps of bandwidth from another provider, I guess, but then that provider which is peering with hundreds of other ISPs has the same problem. Otherwise, its just a shell game where provider A says "we don't oversubscribe" knowing full well their upstream provider does.

This is all completely insane. Nobody does it. What good operators do, instead, is proactively monitor their network and add capacity as needed, preferably before anything gets saturated.
No worries. From a national sovereignity perspective, I can see what you were trying to say. Especially with the growing international tensions, wanting to maintain an industrial and manufacturing base is a rational take.

FTR: I think that the CHIPS act is based on good intentions. US has identified advanced semiconductors as a strategic, critical base. Trying to in-shore the manufacturing and skills is clearly a desirable goal. But in case of something as niche and "bulky", ice-breakers feel more like they'd fall under comparative advantage.

You can look at China. They have had a persistent strategic goal to build up their advanced manufacturing base, and after sustaining that for >30 years, are now at the position where they can start to close off foreign suppliers. That shows roughly how long similar shift of balance could be expected to take if you wanted to counteract.
When even governments knows the web better than the tech industry by and large itself.

I despise React, ended up with Svelte+Typescript and now I realise that could do it all mostly with HTMX + templating with bit of alpine.js if at all.
Another example of this approximate law is in exercise physiology.

To a normal person, there are a lot of good proxy indicators of fitness. You could train sprinting. You could hop up and down. Squat. Clean and jerk.. etc.

Running faster,hopping higher, squatting heavier... all indicators of increasing fitness... and success of your fitness training.

Two points:

1 - The more general your training methodology, the more meaningful the indicators. Ie, if your fitness measure is "can I push a car uphill," and your training method is sprinting and swimming... pushing a heavier car is a really strong indicator of success. If your training method is "practice pushing a car," then an equivalent improvement does not indicate equivalent improvement in fitness.

2- As an athlete (say clean and jerk) becomes more specialized... improvements in performance become less indicative of general fitness. Going from zero to "recreational weighlifter" involves getting generally stronger and musclier. Going from college to olympic level... that typically involves highly specialized fitness attributes that don't cross into other endeavors.

Another metaphor might be "base vs peak" fitness, from sports. Accidentaly training for (unsustainable) peak performance is another over-optimization pitfall. It can happen when someone blindly follows "line go up." Illusary optimizations are actually just trapping you in a local maxima.

I think there are a lot of analogies here to biology, but also ML optimization and social phenomenon.
Just use tritty from trickle instead of pulling rust and tons of deps.

https://github.com/sjmulder/trickle/

trickle can simulate an old PTS/ISDN connection speed too.

Usage:

tritty -b9600
cat outerlimits.vt

Or:

tritty -b1200
cat outerlimits.vt

outerlimits.vt can fastly be found at the same repo of theattyr
Or to force pasting in text boxes?
This advise may have been correct for old-school SPAs, but most if not all points should be fixed in the current generation. E.g. first page load is static or SSR, and then the page is hydrated as a accessible SPA including url manipulation. Also automatic a no-js fallbacks are provided with many.
That... doesn't necessarily mean that it's a "vanilla SQL server"
The B Element
3270. Oh the memories...
Congrats to Mark “I don’t do politics anymore” Zuckerberg
I'm surprised that not many issues of PC Magazine are on the internet archive. PC Magazine was the computer magazine until the internet took over.
The average queue length is still infinity. Whatever the queue length happens to be at the start, it will stay there, and it could be any positive number up to infinity.

Besides, angels can't really balance on pinheads.
Given the salary disparity between men and women and the discrepancies between those of men and women holding positions of importance, I would say “just existing” is a perfectly way for guys to be. Not everyone can be the top and that’s totally fine. You can still do pretty nicely for yourself and your fam by “just existing.”
Alabaster: A light theme for Visual Studio Code
User first programming rather than work inflating bloated frameworks mainly used to justify further dev work. Which one do engineers choose
Just got my Tesla Y last week. Drove it on FSD.

I have a fairly deep expertise in the area. Masters level work in machine vision,
many years of robotics at Unimation, IBM, and CMU. Current hacking on LLMs.
I have programmed for 53 years.

FSD is "indistinguishable from magic".

This thing drove from my house to the destination and back without a single event.
It has never seen either path. It handled stop signs, traffic lights, country
roads, a flock of birds in the road, highway entrance/exit, directional
traffic lights, traffic merging, speed adjustments, lane changes, rain, etc.

I am beyond impressed.

As for the "safety issue", my Y has airbags on the steering wheel, knee,
and "curtain airbags" on the windows and seats. The Y has the highest
safety rating available. It won't roll over easily. The passenger compartment
is well isolated from front/rear collisions. Plus it apparently has emergency
braking if a collision is likely.

In all possible circumstances even humans get confused. Two weeks ago I had a
turkey fly across the hood of my car. I didn't know turkeys could fly. I thought
it was a boulder at first. So FSD can't be perfect. But it is damn good.
I wonder how effective a solution leveraging LLMs would be in producing NC code... maybe a numerically precise method is still a hard requirement there.
OMG it feels so good to not be the lone voice in the woods. I would say about 3/4 of my frustrations as a user are from sites that should have simply been built with HTML + CSS and minimal Javascript. The front end community most days feels like a jobs program.
Exactly this. Like if you're in the 95th percentile on tech literacy it makes no sense. Congrats. Here's a medal. If you're in the 30th percentile and you turn everything off because you're paranoid about stuff you don't understand being turned on but you don't realize you're about to disconnect your mouse it may at least give pause.
Despise React's unnecessary complexity and non-standard-compliant non-separation-of-concerns squeeze-it-all-in-js approach as well.

Svelte(kit) is still the most W3C compliant of the major frameworks out there.
Also, it's not even a runtime-framework but a compiler, meaning you're left with nothing but the necessary HTML, JS & CSS just relevant for your page.
Warren Buffett and Charlie Munger seem like good counterexamples.
I heard of it but never used this to be honest. I know it was really popular before Entity framework became decent.
> IRC does not encrypt messages, only (optionally) the client<->server connection. Without E2EE, you have no privacy against the server/operator, which is an easily targeted SPOF.

FWIW this point isn't relevant to the IRC vs Discord discussion, since Discord is also very not E2EE. That said, XMPP my preferred protocol that checks all of the boxes.
Yep. The only way to reap the benefits with bazel is to have somebody who continuously deals with the problems.

This is not that different from many other aspects of software engineering, but as on those other areas you need to run a cost-benefit analysis
He was already convicted of abuse in the Dutch courts years ago.
Here's a guess: no Bluetooth means no tracking of those Airtags Apple likes to sell, hence Bluetooth Shall Be Enabled At All Times.
Yeah great product everyone is doing just Ai gen emails in text. But all businesses need email templates.
“You should consider using this in your requirements” implies that this is not a hard rule, it’s just an ignorable suggestion. It would be interesting to audit gov.uk web pages over time to see whether this advice is being followed.
Evolution of novel sensory organs in fish with legs
Even the article notes that mindless server-side is not good software engineering. (Note the use of the phrase "can cause problems" instead of "does cause problems".):

> If you do choose to use client-side JavaScript frameworks, be aware that although they can be helpful when building a service with a complex user interface, they can introduce problems.

> Using a client-side JavaScript framework can:

> - increase the overall size of your code base and push processing to the client-side, causing performance issues for users with a slower network connection or lower powered device

> - create a reliance on third-party code that your developers do not have control over, requiring you to make major changes to your service in order to stay up to date with changes in the framework

> - make it difficult to find people with the skills required to maintain the code, if the framework’s loses popularity over time

> If you use a JavaScript framework you should:

> - be able to justify with evidence, how using JavaScript would benefit users

> - be aware of any negative impacts and be able to mitigate them

> - consider whether the benefits of using it outweigh the potential problems

> - only use the framework for parts of the user interface that cannot be built using HTML and CSS alone

> - design each part of the user interface as a separate component

> Having separate components means that if the JavaScript fails to load, it will only be that single component that fails. The rest of the page will load as normal.
hopefully developers will start paying attention some day, if i see a webpage that renders blank with js off, i leave
>The Apple docs, including the internals of their disk drive and its encoding/alignment scheme, were fascinating to me as a 16yo just getting started in electronics and microprocessors.

It's flabbergasting how good Woz's designs were. Almost on a whim, he with the Disk II did something no one anywhere in Silicon Valley—anywhere in the world—was doing. Forget about IBM, HP, Shugart, Tandon. Just within Commodore and Tandy, Apple's direct 1977 competitors, there were abundant human and engineering resources to come up with a fast, inexpensive, and reliable floppy drive and controller; Chuck Peddle at Commodore was certainly no average engineer. And yet, as I mentioned, Commodore was still unable to do this *in 1984*.

Whether one believes in the reality of the existence of the "10X developer", it's hard not to see what Woz did between 1976 and 1978—Integer BASIC, Apple II color graphics, and Disk II—as proof that such a being can exist, even if (as I have written elsewhere) that brilliance straddled the line between optimized and overoptimized. <https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=41685888>
Related: Review of Ultralearning - https://juan.al/ultralearning/
There was another machine - the H-11, which was a repackaged PDP-11. I bought one, and developed my first two products on it. Such a great machine! The other micros were toys in comparison.

DEC really dropped the ball.
init7's post about overbooking is somewhat misleading. As their customer, I think it's more about how overbooking hurts them as a provider, not just us end-users.

I used to have a 10Gbps connection through Swisscom (Switzerland's de-facto main fiber provider) using XGS-PON. My internet service was from a third-party ISP, but the underlying infrastructure was Swisscom's. My speed tests consistently showed around 8Gbps up and down (10G minus XGS-PON overhead)

Init7's issue is that XGS-PON requires specific equipment and network access from Swisscom. Swisscom charges them for this, and it can also create other limitations (I remember problems with IPv6). With P2P fiber, init7 can connect directly to their own equipment in a local hub, giving them more control.

For most users, the occasional latency spikes or brief speed drops from 8Gbps to 1Gbps aren't a major concern - at least I never had serious problem with FPS games where latency matters.
Lit is also totally web standards compliant to be fair.
Is that even possible to do in an unbiased way?
I'm curious about the benchmark. In my own for another network IPC library (https://GitHub.com/ossia/libossia) Unix sockets were consistently faster than the alternatives when sending the same payloads.
I have to admit that I never compiled a list of this type and it seems exceedingly difficult to find useful search results. I couldn't dig up the examples I had in mind from the last 2 years, but stumbled upon others I didn't know of yet in turn, e.g. RCE via Redis, no special config required:

> This post describes how I broke the Redis sandbox, but only for Debian and Debian-derived Linux distributions. Upstream Redis is not affected. That makes it a Debian vulnerability, not a Redis one. The culprit, if you will, is dynamic linking

https://www.ubercomp.com/posts/2022-01-20_redis_on_debian_rc...
Original German-language article at https://www.zeit.de/2024/41/russische-sabotage-wegwerf-agent...

Archived at https://archive.ph/20240926105720/https://www.zeit.de/2024/4...
Hal Finney wrote a BASIC interpreter in 2K of Eprom back in 1978 or so for the Mattel Intellivision.

Sadly, he wrote it for the wrong machine.
Good for them.

Considering the injustice of the sentence given out (relative to what others have gotten for far worse crimes), I'm considering having a go myself.

Everyone get a soup tin ...

In other news, the incoming new government have had to release many small time prisoners because of the prison overcrowding crisis in the UK.
Yes that’s definitely why this has been added. It’s kind of discourteous though to people who don’t fall into that category. Why not offer an I know what I’m doing switch that needs to be activated with a series of CLI commands with big warnings.
Transcendental Meditation
Seems to be a warning for Macs without a built-in keyboard only. Getting it on my Mac mini but not my Air. Seems to be a good idea for that situation. Bet there are more casual users using bluetooth for keyboard/mouse/trackpad than usb.
I am surprised that the author left out another mitigation. To build solutions (models) that are constructed to be more transferable (amenable to out of domain data). For example, in machine learning, using physics informed models. Perhaps this is simply a sign that the author is a proponent of generic, deep-learning.
a non-technical person wouldn't consider the implications of a history log with regards to security or data hoarding, they just see it work and think of it as a convenience.

this value sell shifts in the mind of the non-technical person once they're told that the feature they want implies non-ephemeral data that will be systematically sifted through either for legal or financial benefit by a third party.

in other words : the reason why 'async chat is a thing that totally happens for most people.' is because a vast majority of people are simply unqualified to even see the problem, much less seek alternatives or solutions to the data hoarding that they must comply with.

this creates a social effect and pulls everyone into Discord, regardless of their beliefs on the matter, simply because it has become 'the only game in town'.

regardless of personal preference, centralization of these kind of things is BAD for the user in nearly all circumstances aside from convenience.
Sorry, but this stinks to high heaven, and what it stinks of is bullshit.

If the cargo is Russian and you legitimately want to dock for repairs, then why try Tromsø, Klaipėda, and then anchor the ship off the UK coast?

If you legitimately need to dock for repairs why not dock at Kaliningrad? The cargo is after all Russian so let them deal with the problem.

You have to literally sail past Kaliningrad to get to the English channel in any case, so it's hardly surprising that people port authorities are cautious if not outright suspicious.
This is what I try to follow - serving html with prefetch data from the server, what could be done on client I do on client to minimize server round trips, minimum css (responsive layout) and vanilla js. Separate web pages as needed.
Somehow that sounds weird and oldfashioned with my colleagues since I'm using only html, css and vanilla js? I don't miss a thing...
I hate these people. Van Gogh is my favorite artist. I feel like going out and buying a Hummer.
Ask HN: Is this possible? Sounds too good to be true
Read a Linkedin[1] post from someone in the cabinet in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Bosnia and Herzegovina proposing a plan where local companies could basically bypass work permits and fast-track employees to citizenship. There's other items there, but this caught my attention

Is this actually possible?

[*1] Post: https://www.linkedin.com/feed/update/urn:li:activity:7246114526868213760/
Yes, but as you said so yourself, had you a brain you'd have bought an Apple II instead of that Heathkit PDP clone to port Empire to! It's quite possible that had you done so in, say, 1979, it might have become a second killer app for it alongside VisiCalc, akin to Star Raiders or Eastern Front for Atari 8-bit.
How brave! Going after paintings when they could protest wars, inefficient shipping routes for natural gas etc.

Where would they get their soup from if all use of oil and fertilizer suddenly stopped? Why are they wasting food?
> Since time immemorial, we have taught math by teaching the core concepts and building on them incrementally.

This is just false. Some of the earliest examples we have of what appears to be writing used in teaching contexts, it's heavily focused on repetition of examples.
I started web stuff in the 90s as a child. I didn't know what CSS or JS were, except the latter you could copy/paste some magic scripts to make things flash and suchlike. Later I built dynamic sites with PHP for local businesses. I learnt JS and CSS at this point (to some extent as least). Then I decided to quit web development because I couldn't stand spending so much time things to work with the shittiest browser available (IE6).

After almost 6 years away I came back around 2015 when I realised a web server would be useful for whatever I was doing. I was shocked to find the world had forgotten about so much regarding HTML and CSS. We used to build multiple stylesheets for our sites. That was forgotten. We used to make stuff work without JS first, then add JS as a nice-to-have afterwards. That was forgotten. I saw web devs just doing all their form validation in js and the server doing none. Shockingly, this is still common today. I'm not aware of a common pattern where you get the server to do validation and just display it in js. Everyone seems to either duplicate or not even do it on the server at all!

When I saw this I was no longer impressed by what people were doing on the web because it wasn't the web I knew, it was just "applications" built in JS. Trying to argue for "web first" was a losing battle.
Geothermal Energy Could Outperform Nuclear Power
Just because an API is poorly secured or misconfigured doesn't make it ethical or legal to exploit it. While the technical ability to bypass restrictions might exist due to bad engineering, that doesn't necessarily give you the right to do so. If the content is behind a paywall, you're likely violating the platform’s ToS and possibly laws like the DMCA or similar anti-circumvention regulations. The real issue here is with the platform's engineering and how it protects (or doesn't) creators' work, but bypassing those safeguards doesn’t fix that problem—it just contributes to it.
The superfans seem to be alive and well, at least here on HN. Just open some arbitrary thread here about a bad Apple policy decision.

Last instance of this that I noticed was the sudden, unannounced loss of support for self-signed certs for IMAP ("totally reasonable, who still uses those anyway?"), but there were earlier threads, e.g. about the possibility of 3rd-party clients for IMessage ("huge security risk!") etc etc.

I find it noticeable, became there is often such a jarring difference in those threads to the usual prevailing stances of the HN community on those issues. I'm pretty sure, Google, Microsoft or Facebook would be raked over the coals for the same decisions.
What's your favorite non-porous teapot coating?
The thing is that rescue implies they were imperiled by not using Starliner to return. That isn't the case, there has been a way to get them back without Starliner since they got there.

Sending this SpaceX capsule up with seats reserved for their return fixes the overall operating tempo, but it doesn't make the 2 astronauts any more or less safe.
Reminds when I joined the largest mastodon server for my country. Advertised by the owner as a bastion for free speech, democracy and fair treatment. Then in 2020 started mass banning everyone "that went against science" on the covid fraudemia at our country.

Twitter on those days was bad, but that mastodon server sure became even worser. Nowadays found a fresh air of innovation with Nostr. No more servers with your data and followers locked inside.

You can silence the people you don't want to hear, you won't hostage them into forced silence any longer.