skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Yes! Not to get too political, but I saw a lot of this during the Covid debates, e.g. "Trust the science!" Noooo! Science is not just something you're supposed to "trust", but something that's supposed to be supported by evidence.

Yes, I definitely understand that most people don't have the training and background to understand complex scientific topics, and in some ways we do have to trust the scientific community if we're not a part of it. And I get frustrated by the common calls of "Do your own research!", which often means "Look at these YouTube grifters with absolutely no training who are just spouting stuff with no research of their own." But even the underlying problem with that is that most people aren't trained to evaluate the quality of data and motivations of people making it, and that is what scientific education should be about. For example, I may have to "trust" the scientific community when it comes to data about infectiousness of COVID because I'm not an epidemiologist, but how that data is translated into rules and regulations is a policy call, and that policy call is not necessarily one where the epidemiologists are the experts. I shouldn't be told to "trust the science" as though I should just accept policy recommendations even if I do accept the underlying data about transmissibility.
Wouldn’t a black hole that small evaporate pretty quickly?
Caveat: 500W 6980P vs 360W 9754/9654.
If there's one thing you can count on from large OSS projects, is that they provide a steady stream of drama.

Surely puts people off contributing more than anything.
Out of all the things to complain about with Apple software/hardware, I think quality isn't one of them. The devices and accompanying software are very high quality.

They're not repairable, they're quite restrictive, and they're perhaps too simple. But definitely high quality.
The quality of the audio is giving me these vibes:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ngZ0K3lWKRc

Hayao Miyazaki, 7 years ago, on AI generated motion capture.
>> please show me even one instance of a billionaire being successfully jailed for a criminal offense in the entire history of the USA

Jouaquin Guzman Loera (El Chapo) - $1 billion - drug trafficking - convicted in 2019, serving life sentence

Raj Rajaratnam - $1.3 billion - securities fraud and conspiracy - served 7 years of an 11 year sentence

Bernard John Ebbers - $1.4 billion - fraud and conspiracy - served 12 years of a 25 year sentence

David Ng Lap Seng - $1.8 billion - bribery - served almost 3 years of a 4 year sentence

John Kapoor - $2 billion - racketeering and wire fraud - served 2 years of a 5 and a half year sentence

Allen Stanford - $2.2 billion - Ponzi scheme - convicted in 2012, serving 110 year sentence

Carlos Enrique Lehder Rivas - $2.7 billion - kidnapping, drug trafficking, and murder - served 33 years of a 55 year sentence

Alfred Taubman - $3.1 billion - antitrust violations - served a 10 month sentence

Rishi Shah - $3.6 billion - mail fraud, wire fraud, bank fraud, money laundering - recently given 7 and a half year sentence

Michael Milken - $3.7 billion - securities and tax violations - served 22 months of a 2 year sentence, later pardoned by President Trump

S. Curtis Johnson - $4 billion - fourth-degree sexual assault and disorderly conduct - served 3 months of a 4 month sentence

Viktor Bout - $6 billion - conspiring to sell weapons to a U.S. designated foreign terrorist group - 10 years of a 25 year sentence, released in a prisoner swap with Russia in exchange for a WNBA basketball player
:) I don't watch TV and run ad blockers online, sorry.

When you're using terms like marketing, leads and content writers, it sounds like a content mill with zero substance. Even if it's "top 10 keywords".
> OpenAI will raise their prices significantly, killing most to all of the startups relying on them.

Have you heard the good news? The price per million tokens has fallen from $36 to $0.25 in the past 18 months.

> actually having to abide by copyright

Copyright is being eroded, first by the internet and its copying capabilities, then by the social networks and sharing, and now by generative AI. You can't make a profit owning expression in this distributed and interactive system, copyright was invented in the age of passive consumption of content. When you do a simple search you can find many alternatives to choose from. Any new work has to compete against decades of accumulation.

On top of that, AI is not really infringing, or it's a bad infringement system - it's much slower and more imprecise than just copying, if infringement is what someone seeks. It's a guided remixing tool, there's a human shaping its output. How can a model 1000x smaller than its training set be really infringing, it has no space for all the exact details.

OpenAI accumulates trillions of tokens in chat logs, eliciting experience from its users, it is crawling the tacit knowledge reservoir of its user base. That means it collects better information than web scrapers, information that would be normally lost. They can just sit there and people will bring data, guidance and feedback to the model. Do you see the business value in collecting practical experience and repackaging it?
AI and Robots Are Smashing Economics, and Why It Matters
I'm not sure I follow your train of thought. What sort of repercussions are you alluding to?
Wow that is a biggie, than you.

And they are expensive. I have an external memory card for a vintage portable word processor that the full bom ends up about $100 for 512k to build one, and something like over $30 of that is just the mram.
> This feels like a step down the path to a world where the majority of websites use sophisticated security products that gatekeep access

And I'm sure Buttflare will be more than happy to sell those products.
While initial reports point towards it coming from space, I have managed to traced the origin back to the big bang. That's right, it was rigged to happen from the start.
The company I work for try to add AI/LLM on everything, instead of trying to improve/fix the underlying problem, they now just add the magic AI and everything is “perfect” now.

As an ML engineer and AI developer, I don’t see the real value at all, not to mention the added cost of using LLM
The Continue extension (Jetbrains, VS Code) can do this to a degree. It spends a bit of time upfront creating an embeddings index of all the files in the repo and from there you can ask questions about the code base.

https://github.com/continuedev/continue

I prefer it to other programs (Cursor, Copilot, etc) because it supports BYOK (Bring your own key) and is pretty granular in terms of letting you assign an embedding provider, assistant model, autocompletion model, etc.
What a load of BS. This is just a poor attempt at open-source-washing.

They rolled their own license but couldn't be bothered to read GitHub's ToS.

"collaborative" license, "opened to the community", "enabling the entire community to participate in its development", "global collaboration" but you have to grant them perpetual rights and waive your own, you're not even allowed to fork lol.

Seems like they're only looking for unpaid workers.
I see little reason to use Debian on a personal computer, despite using a Debian-based distributions (Ubuntu and Debian itself) for more than 10 years. I switched to Fedora and OpenSUSE Tumbleweed and they perfectly fit my needs.
>Besides the argument isn’t AGI vs everyone, it’s a country with AGI vs anyone else. I’d take that bet.

You never entertained the idea that AGI could be a destructive force and instead of a country with AGI you could have a country that devoured its people?
Human flesh is probably also delicious. Would you recommend cannibalism on the basis of God making humans tasty?
Thanks for the report - we just deployed fix for the same.

No lock-in means it’s 100% open source (PromQL) compatible. You can swap out vendors or move to self-hosted open source solutions should you need to move away from Oodle. When you migrate out, you get to export all your data, dashboards and alerts. you don't need to make any code changes.

We support bringing your own bucket (BYOB) for large enterprise customers however, you cannot bring your own compute at this time. Our thoughts are along the lines of how Snowflake approached the problem - everything fully managed to keep the operational overhead minimal. https://jack-vanlightly.com/blog/2023/9/25/on-the-future-of-...
Righy, isny it easy to understand, esepcially if your app allows http?

The data protection policy would explicitly state such a exposure.

"No ezposure" is a state.

Any app that allows a user to put in a endpoint that transfers the user data should have a data policy, since a malactor could convince the user to change thta endpoint, leading to a breach.

I think that it seems benign only in theory.
There are already lots of passable package managers that know how to provide working binaries for the native, non-Python dependencies of Python packages. Instead of trying to make Python packages' build processes learn how to build everything else in the world, one thing Python packages could do is just record their external dependencies in a useful way. Then package managers that are actually already designed for and committed to working with multiple programming language ecosystems could handle the rest.

This is something that could be used by Nix, Guix, Spack, as well as more conventional software distributions like Conda, Pkgsrc, MacPorts, Homebrew, etc. With the former, users could even set up per-project environments that contain those external dependencies, like virtualenvs but much more general. But the simple feature of this metadata would naturally be valuable, if provided well, to maintainers of all Linux distros and many other software distributions, where autogenerated packages are already the norm for languagea like Rust and Go, while creating such tooling for Python is riddled with thorny problems— o these two proposals are not mutually exclusive, and perhaps each is individually warranted on its own.

Enriching package metadata in this simple way has already been proposed here:

htps://peps.python.org/pep-0725/
The US invested very heavily too, it's just that the money poof! Disappeared!
I see... Fair enough. Thanks for the background!
I've seen white PVC turn brittle after a few years of exposure to direct sunlight.

There may be different formulations (in the same color?) that are more UV-resistant though.

Pool piping is a good example, though I have usually seen them covered for UV protection.
Just playing devil’s advocate here, not knocking the author, compare the Feynman technique.

Simplify To Clarify - The Feynman Technique Explained

The Feynman Technique is designed to help you learn by teaching. It's counting on your ability to explain complex topics in simple terms. Once you can do that, you know for sure you’ve truly mastered the concept.

When he came up with this learning method, Nobel Prize winner physicist Richard Feynman outlined 4 steps:

Choose a concept.

Teach the concept.

Identify gaps in knowledge.

Review and simplify.

Source: https://studyory.com/posts/feynman-technique

I chose it because it was the simplest one I found on a quick search.
All true; as a DIYer, it's a damn lot easier to buy pipe from Home Depot or Lowes than chase down the local steel supplier and figure out how to either get 20' lengths of tubing home or deal with asking them to cut it for what they know is a grand total of two tubes ever in your lifetime as a customer.
> All we have from those times are a few bone samples and a few anecdotes preserved in fragments.

This is the bit that you're missing: antiquity is generally considered to extend all the way into the 500-600s AD, with the Roman empire dominating its center and 'late antiquity' covering the whole early period of the Byzantine empire. This means that even just in Europe we have extensive documents (e.g. in the Christian era, baptism and burial records), as well as a wealth of burial evidence from which to extrapolate lifespans. If you look into the sources for Rome you'll find Egypt in particular come up a lot, which isn't an accident: the dry climate and extensive use of papyrus means that the region preserved far more records (and bodies) than any other part of the empire.
off-topic but OP, how do you like your Nomos? :)

the watch certainly matches with the Dieter Rams aesthetic of the phone dock!
Why? As a laymen (who knows nothing about "T cells") the analogy helps
unfortunately the big box stores do not check quality. mcmaster which was pointed out above does and is a similar price. I am not sure about granger.
I cannot take this piece seriously, because it seemingly precludes the idea that some people just enjoy beef? The primary mechanism that makes me crave beef is not insecurity over my masculinity but how damn delicious a hamburger is. I don't eat Boca burgers or tofu because it just doesn't taste even half as good when cooked.
Yes, unless someone spells out to you that they're the data controller and taking legal responsibility (think Google Analytics)

I know that's the opposite of what they led with, I'm not trying to be cheeky. It's just shorter if you invert the premise and avoid technicalities.

In general, on HN, I see people struggling to wrap their mind around that everyone who takes in data has to take it seriously, at least, that's how the app stores view it.
Sae problem the truck is still moveing both ways just sometimes with empty containers
I'm not sure what you mean by naming dicts, but Python has TypedDict, where you can define the names and types of specific keys. They only exist for type checking and behave exactly as a normal dict at runtime.

In modern typed Python, you can instead use dataclasses, NamedTuples (both in the standard library), attrs or Pydantic (both third-party) to represent structs/records, the latter also providing validation. Still, TypedDicts are helpful when interfacing with older code that uses dicts for heterogeneous data.

My main gripe with them is that different TypedDicts are not compatible with each other. For example, it would be very helpful if a dict with x:str and y:str fields were considered superclasses of dicts with x:str, y:str and z:str like they are in TypeScript, but they aren't. They are considered different types, limiting their usability in some contexts.

When using homogenous dicts, you can still use dict[str, T], and T can be Any if you don't want to type the whole thing. You can use any hashable type instead of str for keys. I often do that when reading JSON from dynamically typed dict[str, Any] to dataclasses.
all options work out to more trucks (more co2)
Automation is especially challenged by richly varying or adversarial conditions. The moon has much less of both than the Earth; i.e. Earth is "hairier". I already agreed that the particular conditions include new problems; in fact I already listed your first two.

BTW spacesuits could probably be much better for repair work; they seem like another area where NASA has stagnated.
It certainly needs Winamp.
People have no problem with paying for open source, once. A recurring payment is a different topic, especially if it's unclear for what the payment is good for, what value it has for the customer.
If you have tge user enter a arbitrary endpoint, you are explicitly shipping user data off tge device and a foreign actor could use your app to maliciously MITM that arbitrary endpoint.

It doesnt mattet if you good faith assume he user of your app is smart wnough to keep the app and that endpoint secure, you are providing a meansnto exfiltrate your app data
Or weirdly ethnocentric questions like “what’s your favorite food” with multiple choice answers like “spaghetti, pizza, hamburger”. Good thing everyone who recovers their password is American!

Or “what instrument do you play”, when multiple instruments I play are in the multiple choice list but only one can be correct. And what the fuck is the point of multiple choice security questions when anyone has a 1/10 chance of correctly guessing on any login attempt.

United Airlines is by far the worst major company I have ever seen in all of these and deserves to be shamed.
There is in other areas of copyright law, like romhacks and action replay codes. Romhacks seem like a very grey area but generally don't get DMCAed when they distribute large binary patch files of the original roms. And "Lewis Galoob Toys, Inc. v. Nintendo of America, Inc." would imply that the dead simple 16 byte[0] "patch files" in the form of game genie codes are legal.

To take a more practical example. Is there no meaningful difference between the dwm multimon patch files[1] and the full forked repo[2]? For context, lots of suckless software keeps extra features/addons in semi-offical out of tree patches files. The philosophy of suckless is generally to hardcode config options in source code and recompile instead of editing .rc files. This reduces the complexity of the code, so you end up with some very minimalistic easy to patch recompile and code. So it's a natural (if very esoteric) way of implementing plugins.

Obviously this is a bit contrived because all the suckless code is actually open source, so none of this matters to them. But I think it's fair to say that distributing the 7 .patch files at [1] wouldn't count as distributing a forked version of dwm. The patch files contain some context lines ripped straight from the main codebase, but not the main repo. Hell I'd even wonder if there's some kind of fair use argument for patch files. After all, often they boil down to a criticism of the codebase, saying that it's bad because it contains all the lines of code starting with '-' signs and really would be better if it had these extra lines of code after the '+' signs.

The license doesn't seem contradictory to me. Counter-intuitive, unclear, and paradoxical (in the most general sense of the word), yes. But not contradictory.

[0] Looks like the longest codes are 32 digits of hex long: https://archive.org/details/GameGenieSNESCodebookProgramming...

[1] https://dwm.suckless.org/patches/multimon/

[2] https://github.com/garybgenett/.dwm
Postgres Learns to RAG: Wikipedia Q&A using Llama 3.1 inside the database
Hey HN,

We’ve been working on a demo that showcases RAG (Retrieval-Augmented Generation) using open-source models directly within Postgres. It's a Wikipedia chatbot built with PostgresML.

If you haven’t seen us here before, PostgresML is an open-source extension for Postgres that lets you perform ML/AI inside PostgreSQL. There are a number of performance benefits that come with doing machine learning in-database. It’s how our team built and scaled the ML platform at Instacart during Covid, so it’s a thesis that’s been battle tested to say the least.

Key points:
* Fully open-source stack
* Performs the entire RAG workflow (LLMs, vector memory, embedding generation, re-ranking, summarization) in a single SQL query
* RAG performed in-database

We’re curious to hear your thoughts, especially from those who've worked with other RAG implementations or in-database ML. Any advantages/drawbacks you're seeing with this approach?

Try it out: https://postgresml.org/chatbot
GitHub: https://github.com/postgresml/postgresml

Looking forward to your feedback and any questions about the technical details.
Google’s results for “Postel’s law” and “Jon Postel” are fine. “Postel” is ambiguous, a fairly common surname, so websites of unrelated companies show up, and a disambiguating page on wikipedia that links to Jon Postel and several other people.
Xcode Window Management on Multiple Monitors Sucks Any Solutions?
I know there have been previous threads on macOS sucking for window management especially across multiple monitors, and this isn't to rehash that.

There is one very specific issue that I swear sucks hours of productivity from me every week. I use three monitors and have multiple apps open across all of them, often including multiple browser windows along with other development apps such as IDEs, AI chat, etc.

The biggest issue that drives me crazy is when I have a couple of projects open in Xcode. I usually need to reference code from one project while writing another or run two projects simultaneously (front and backend). If I put an Xcode window on one monitor and bring it to the front, then click on Xcode on another monitor to bring it to the front, the Xcode window on the previous monitor decides to dive to the back behind all my other windows. It then takes me a minute or two to find it again every time I need to reference it. This is really irritating when I'm trying to look at code for, say, an endpoint that I'm talking to from a frontend client, and it suddenly disappears.

Has anyone else experienced this issue and, more importantly, found a fix?
https://github.com/wolfpld/tracy/issues/887

MSVC changed the mutex constructor to constexpr, breaking binary backward compatibility. They say WONTFIX, you must use the latest MSVCRT with the latest MSVC. But I have the latest MSVCRT installed? Whatever - a workaround was pushed to master yesterday.
You're better off self-hosting if your needs are small enough you only require a single machine.
I'm actually astounded at how quickly the quality of Google search results has tanked in recent years.
Agreed, although it does make me wonder whether the number of mistakes chatgpt comments make would truly be greater (or at the least more harmful) than the outstanding number of folk who are confidently wrong in a way only obvious to domain experts. It’s easier to be skeptical of a bot.
> I decided that I would rework the game concept to eliminate the need for the player to place buildings at all.

This sounds interesting. Can you explain a bit more about this?
I'm the developer of Protomaps, to summarize:

The latency you see on https://pmtiles.io/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fdata.source.coop%2Fpro... is representative of how PMTiles works on AWS S3, coming from the us-west-2 region. It will be reasonable to load for those in the western US and likely quite slow from Europe or Oceania.

If you want to make a direct comparison of Protomaps to OpenFreeMap, you need to compare serving OpenFreemap with NGINX from btrfs on disk, to running `pmtiles serve` on a `.pmtiles` file on disk, as described here: https://docs.protomaps.com/deploy/server

The OpenFreeMap page for me (in Taiwan) takes 1-2 seconds per tile, which is more than double the load tile for the PMTiles in us-west-2 example linked above.

The best solution to get latency competitive with commercial providers, for a global audience, is to cache tiles at CDN edge locations. I describe automated ways to do that with Cloudflare Workers and AWS Lambda + Cloudfront here:

https://docs.protomaps.com/deploy/cloudflare
https://docs.protomaps.com/deploy/aws

I'm also experimenting with http://tigrisdata.com which lets you geo-distribute a static storage bucket like in this example: https://pmtiles.io/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fdemo-bucket.protomaps....
On Github. Doesn't give them a license to fork it to their workstation.
Let's gooooo!
I am currently exploring the open source mapping world and trying to get a better grasp of what's available.

How does this project compare to Apache Baremaps (incubating)?

https://baremaps.apache.org/
Interesting, I had a lot of adults recommending AoT to me. I'll check out Monster.
Before these, we had the real thing, which is what I assume giancarlostoro is referring to

https://www.cultofmac.com/news/make-the-back-of-your-iphone-...
Genuine question(s):
Who pays maintainers? Are they even paid? If they aren't paid, why do they do it?
Technically you are correct, the scraper will still exist. However, the hard part is scaling the query and storage layers which we replace.
Did he play as a mage?
The issue is it's pretty hard to do because we have high standards when it comes to putting humans in living spaces.

This isn't true though for computers. It's trivial (ish...) to turn an office floor into a datacenter. I know because that's what the company I worked for did. It's nice, because our servers are literally an elevator ride away.