skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
"their spin will be correlated" - in this case the billiard's spin is a per-ball property that is set before they are sent to Alice and Bob, and happens to be correlated. You can simulate this in the Python code, but you will not be able to break the Bell inequality like that. This is similar to the dice example I give, where the objects sent to Alice and Bob are random from their perspective (since the dice roll happens with Victor), and correlated.

In general, classical correlation cannot break the Bell inequalities [assuming no peeking, ie. no action-at-a-distance in the measurement devices]. To be clear, I didn't prove this in the article, the approach the article takes is "here is some code, play around with it to get a feeling for why".

Hope this helps.
My journey debugging and fixing Interaction To Next Paint on my website
> Haskell's advanced type system is one of its main selling points, so it doesn't make sense to explain the benefits of Haskell with a case where it's type system falls short.

Falls short compared to what? Arguably, if you're talking to someone using Java or Python, Maybe is plenty enough; and getting started on type families is certainly not going to work well.
Because “carbon” in these conversations is a proxy to “stuff” as an important input to everything. Of course, the rich have more stuff. Interestingly, focusing on carbon allows for applying a moral dimension to having more stuff: it’s not only wrong to have more because I have less and don’t like that, but because you are hurting is all.
I've always been a strong supporter of space exploration and a big fan of SpaceX in particular, but my world view has taken a turn in recent years.

As a species, our emissions have to peak next year and then be halved by 2030 to prevent the worst of climate change. That won't even be enough if the recent "hot models" turn out to be accurate. Hundreds of millions of people (at least) are going to starve this century if that goal can't be met, and the less severe consequences will drastically roll back the average quality of life. We're living in the final years of a golden age.

I admire the aspirational vision the company and its employees are pursuing, but it's a naive one. All these brilliant engineers have been seduced by it but they will more likely spend their retirement in a refugee camp than on Mars if our priorities don't change.
Russia's population crisis gets worse amid 25-year-low birth rate
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vivEzQUGHOQ
Until storage is solved (and it might not ever be), then nuclear is excellent for base load. Germany lacks coast line for wind and is in northern europe. Nuclear is ideal for them.
OK I can't even (easily) find the numbers.

What is an average person's carbon footprint? what is a rich person's carbon footprint? 10x, 100x?

Best I see right now is https://www.visualcapitalist.com/co2-emissions-by-income/ which is from 2019 and doesn't say exactly who's covered - I assume it's a global mix?

Income Group Average income (USD) Share of CO₂ Emissions
Top 1% $310K 15%
Next 9% $90K 34%
Middle 40% $16K 43%
Bottom 50% $2K 8%

So the top 10% by income account for 49% of the carbon emissions,
and the next 40% for 43%, and the lowest 50% for 8%.

So that would mean if I got this right:
Top 1%: 94x / year / person
Next 9%: 24x / year / person
Middle 40%: 7x / year / person
Bottom 50%: 1X/year/person

So the top 1% person uses about 14x more carbon than a middle 40% person. Over one order of magnitude. I actually expected it to be far worse, what with the yachts and private planes.

Any better sources/numbers for this?
While I tend to agree, it would mean that criminals would use it to harass cops, which would end up having the opposite effect. More corruption, instead of less.

So they should be held to the same standards as everyone else, which is a safe, sane compromise between those ends.
Yeah, Steam is surprisingly pro-consumer in unexpected ways. Not like they don't have their closet skeletons but they present themselves as nicer than others companies in the videogame sector with their actions.

I wonder if it is because ideology from the top or just a very robust good-reputation based company policy.
An amazing amount of what certain parts of and actors in business do is write tons of shit that basically doesn’t matter.

It’s the one thing I’m confident LLMs will be purely helpful for. Though the ones being automated are from departments and tiers of companies that I expect to be resistant to downsizing as large parts of their workload are automated. Plus, if that were fully embraced, it’d be the same as other automation (or, sometimes, “automation”) in business and those responsibilities would still exist, but be done by people already juggling a dozen ex-roles. I don’t really want to be the one who has to babysit an LLM through writing department newsletters and crap.
>electric bikes

Its not safe to cycle for practical purposes in my city.

The city make gestures like painting a few road shoulders green and nature trails for exercise. This does not get me to work, daycare, the dentist, etc.

Generally in America, bikes are more of a novelty than transportation.
Can you share your unbending method, I have a collection in the same state, did you use weight or heat or a combination of?
In the name of security, my workplace just enabled a policy that forces me to let them monitor my location 24/7 via Microsoft Defender.

Needless to say, I am happy I have a second work phone I keep disconnected from WiFi while not working.
It happened there: how democracy died in Hungary
Gabe newell should be protected at all costs
Mind the talent gap: Infosec jobs abound, but hiring is flat
Once an organisation becomes corrupt enough, it becomes exceptionally hard to root out the corruption - even if you're politically powerful, like a state governor.

All the cops who didn't like corruption have been chased out - a process this article shows in action. All the people who think the culture is unconscionable have quit. Every new hire is trained by people who will tell them "it's normal, everyone does it". And all the leadership, even if they don't engage in corruption themselves, have ignored it or covered it up.

If you're the governor and you decide to crack down on corrupt cops? The cops can simply stop dealing with certain highly visible crimes, claiming they're too busy or whatever. And sure, you can fire some of them - but all the replacements are also implicated in corruption.

Meanwhile, voters don't care about the political minutiae and blame-shifting, all they know is under governor Chris_wot they don't feel safe walking the streets, they want someone tough on crime. You lose the election to your opponent, who gives the cops MRAPs, AR-15s and a license to kill; and suddenly the cops have time to deal with those highly visible crimes.

The trick to avoiding this is that you've got to root out corruption early - before the honest people have been driven out.
> shit they don't need

Any colour you, as long as it's black?
> But learning functional programming through Haskell [...] had a quite formative effect on how I write code.

I think it is a shame Haskell has gained a reputation of being hard, because it can be an enriching learning experience. Lots of its complexity is accidental, and comes from the myriad of language extensions that have been created for research purposes.

There was an initiative to define a simpler subset of the language, which IMHO would have been great, but it didn't take off: https://www.simplehaskell.org. Ultimately, one can stick to Haskell 98 or Haskell 2010 plus some newer cherry-picked extensions.
Point 1.1 about QEMU seems even less relevant today, with QEMU adding support for the microvm machines, hence greatly reducing the amount of exposed code. And as bonzini said in the thread, the recent vulnerability track record is not so bad.
Yes really, human doctors start a medical degree at what, 17 or 18? Then it's a 4-6 year medical school followed by 3-7 years residency depending on your country and education system.

(This is also why LLMs passing medical exams, though impressive, has not rendered the profession obsolete: LLMs are book smart, but don't have the implicit knowledge that we humans only gain from practical experience).
This seems like something that an ambitious lawyer might pick up as a class action, since the very nature of these cards creates a class that benefits at the expense of a different class. Might be difficult to establish a fiduciary obligation, but I’m sure a gifted legal mind could find a way and an accounting.
Ask HN: Advice on Transitioning to Speech AI/Voice Interface Engineering
Hi HN Community,

I'm an experienced audio programmer working with sound, speech, and music, and I’m looking to transition into speech recognition and voice interface engineering. I see this as the next frontier for user experiences, especially with the advent of real-time voice AI systems like GPT-4o voice and other low-latency, intelligent machine listening systems coming to market.

My background:

- I have 10+ years experience as a software engineer, most recently as Director of Engineering at a startup

- I have extensive experience in audio programming with a focus on sound classification, some experiments with speech, and lots more experience with music

- I'm self-taught in audio signal processing (completed a Coursera course)

- I've built sound classifiers using fast.ai in the past (e.g. environmental sounds, bird sounds)

- https://github.com/aquietlife/whisp

- https://github.com/aquietlife/flightsoffancy

- I have no formal CS or Engineering degree, but strong practical experience

Current situation:

- I'm engaged in a year-long, self-directed fellowship to dive deep into this field through self-study and mentorship

- I'm interested in exploring the origins of bias in speech recognition technology, particularly around marginalized voices (e.g. AAVE in the U.S.), disfluency, and low-resource languages

- I'm seeking advice on how to best use this year to prepare for meaningful work/research opportunities

- I'm interested in specializing in mitigating risks and biases in speech recognition systems

Goals:

- I want to focus on building an end-to-end speech recognition system (ideally with PyTorch)

- Ultimately I want to transition into speech recognition and voice interface systems work

- I'd like to avoid going back to school full-time

- I want to develop skills and knowledge to make an impact in this field

Questions:

1. What are the most crucial skills/knowledge areas to focus on?

2. Are there specific courses, books, or resources you'd recommend?

3. How can I build a portfolio that demonstrates competence in this field?

4. Are there particular companies or research labs that are good targets for someone with my background?

5. What are some common pitfalls to avoid in this transition?

6. What are some key challenges and approaches in mitigating bias in speech recognition systems? Are there specific resources or research groups focused on this aspect?

Any advice, personal experiences, or insights would be greatly appreciated. Thanks so much for anything you can share to help me along this journey :)

(edits: formatting)
Yups. And that's about it for F#. One can await the announcement that MSFT stops maintaining it.
I want one on my head!
These cards aren’t memorabilia, they’re explicitly made to evade punishment for breaking the law. That’s why they have the name: “professional courtesy”, asking an officer not to enforce the law against someone in their tribe.
The fact that they aren't ashamed at all but instead punish those who don't play along with their corrupt game tells you a whole lot about the NYPD.
Who’s going to tell them to stop?
Bad as in good?

I think they look pretty cool. I wouldn't want to survive alone on Mars with one, but they look like they've had some brand design input.
I've only recently started using Platinum Carbon Black, and I'm quite happy with it. Addresses the one major concern I've always had with fountain pens, which is how illegible everything becomes when exposed to liquid. Not that that's stopped me using fountain pens, and not that it's been a huge problem in practice, but it's nice to have a durable ink.
One set of rules for the ruled and another for the rulers. This is well known, what’s new here?
If anything, Python encourages you to use loops because the backwards arrangement of the arguments to map and filter makes it painful to chain them.
Hey, maybe you checked out a different EnkiTask! I never promised the moon or anything like that—I’ve been clear from the start that this is a simple task management tool. Nothing more, nothing less.
As for unlimited team members, it’s not just a gimmick. You can invite or remove as many people as you want, and you won’t have to pay for it. Feel free to try it out! And no need to worry about data storage—we’ve got that covered for what this tool is built for.

To be completely honest, this tool isn't designed for large-scale projects with multiple stakeholders, and I’ve mentioned that it's focused on solopreneurs, freelancers, indie makers, and small teams. We’re still in the early public stages, and our main goal is simplicity for these types of users.

Regarding integrations, we’re actively working on them. Expect to see a lot coming soon in the form of Add-ons—stay tuned! This is just our base version, and there’s a lot of work ahead. If people like it and the demand grows, we’ll invest more resources to develop and evolve EnkiTask.

As for the AI-generated changelogs, I’ll add more detailed explanations and examples in the documentation soon. Thanks for the feedback!

Thanks for the suggestion! I'll definitely add some use cases to the landing page to show how EnkiTask is helping teams achieve their goals in real-world scenarios.

Regarding pricing, feel free to check out our pricing page here: https://enkitask.com/prices. As you'll see, tasks start from $0.05 and go as low as $0.01—the more you buy, the less each task costs. There's absolutely no commitment—you can buy as many tasks as you need and use them whenever you want.

You're absolutely right! One of the main reasons we built EnkiTask is because we can . I don't have any flashy proof or guarantees – we've spent over a year building it for our own internal use, and it works really well for us. The best proof I can offer is for you to try it out yourself. If you like it, that’s awesome! If not, no hard feelings.
Thanks for helping me move, enjoy your free crime!
> it is also really nice when it works in your favor.

It's still unfair. The law should apply equally to everyone.
0.6 is too thin and makes poor contact. 0.7 is best but no board house makes it. 0.8 works.
The line seems pretty obvious—diplomatic immunity is a trade between sovereign states of "we won't harass your diplomats if you don't harass ours". It has negative repercussions but also has a clear gain for the state's interests.

This is just corruption.
Presentation by the same author made 2 months back:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FYYZZVV5vlY
The interesting thing for me is how this mission underscore the difference between SpaceX and other space companies. SpaceX have become an entire commercial space agency, able to supply everything from the rockets and capsules, to the ground operations and even the space suites and to do that in a complete package.

If you have enough money you can ring them up and say "I want to go into space" and they can make that happen. That is a pretty big deal.
> We can generalise this idea of being forced to handle the failure cases by saying that Haskell makes us write total functions rather than partial functions.

Haskell doesn't prevent endless recursion. (try e.g. `main = main`)

As the typed FP ecosystem is moving towards dependent typing (Agda, Idris, Lean), this becomes an issue, because you don't want the type checker to run indefinitely.

The many ad-hoc extensions to Haskell (TypeFamilies, DataKinds) are tying it down. Even the foundations might be a bit too ad-hoc: I've seen the type class resolution algorithm compared to a bad implementation of Prolog.

That's why, if you like the Haskell philosophy, why would you restrict yourself to Haskell? It's not bleeding edge any more.

Haskell had the possibility of being a standardized language, but look at how few packages MicroHS compiles (Lennart admitted to this at ICFP '24[0]). So the standardization has failed. The ecosystem is built upon C. The Wasm backend can't use the Wasm GC because of how idiosyncratic GHC's RTS is.[1]

So what does unique value proposition does GHC have left? Possibly the GHC runtime system, but it's not as sexy to pitch in a blog post like this.

[0]: Lennart Augustsson, MicroHS: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uMurx1a6Zck&t=36m

[1]: Cheng Shao, the Wasm backend for GHC: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uMurx1a6Zck&t=13290s
> Advertising works.

How? Touching it makes me want to buy whatever is on it? I don't even look at it. When there's enough I do a trip to the paper recycling bin.
Poland Stops 400k Cyberattacks YTD (2024)
This is really cool and brings back lots of memories. I've a curious question for the game devs among you. One of the things that makes put put fun is the possibility of a hole in one. How do you make sure this is actually possible in a game like this?
Or lawmakers would be pressured to change laws that are too easy to break by accident.
what was it like owning a wild burro?
Not nearly enough, and his career shouldn't end nevertheless. He chose to be a police officer and should not be punished for being better than his peers.
That’s less than a year’s salary for most Seattle PD officers.
I drove a Hyundai that wanted to sync contacts from my phone when I connected it to Bluetooth to play music. I declined for privacy reasons, and the car then had this loud booming audio request to sync contacts every single time I turned on the car and then I had to wait 30 seconds for the car to timeout/fail after my phone denied the request, and then I had to click on a touchscreen to skip the sync rather than retry.

I ended up just not using Bluetooth while I drove that car because it was such a nuisance. I'm not sure whether it was so bad because of incompetence (they never considered users not wanting to share contacts) or out of malice (they know they can wear people down through harassment and hassle to eventually share their data).
But that is equitable, no?
Couldn’t you make this comment on nearly any thread on this site? Why is it relevant to space related stories?
You do, and you'll have to use do destructive updates within either ST or IO monad using their respective single variable or array types. It looks roundabouty, but does do the thing you want and it is fast.

ST and IO are "libraries" though, in the sense that they not special parts of the language, but appear like any other types.
As quantum computing threats loom, Microsoft updates its core crypto library
DataGemma: Using real-world data to address AI hallucinations
> On an aside as more people are becoming aware that buttons and knobs are actually nice you will likely see them coming back, but only on the more expensive vehicles.

While the inflationary overuse for touchscreen is driven by cost (and fashion), it's not really like that buttons are coming back only in higher priced cars. Dacia being the cheapest European automaker uses lotsof buttons in their cockpits.
Show HN: I built TikTok but for studying with quizzes from your own notes
There won't be any DoJ intervention for two reasons:

1. The existence of these cards has been widely known about for well over a decade.

2. The DoJ is full of cops as well.
Also, even diplomatic immunity has limits.
I wonder what the fact of the matter is. It'd be rather hilarious if Humans have been shooting ourselves in the feet for the last few decades with many of our social engineering initiatives. And the reproduction rates chart is ugly.
This is incredibly off topic, but I have to assume all the shade being thrown at "founder mode" is because it requires an aptitude for your company's core competency, which many leaders cannot demonstrate.

It's not a nugget of management-foo that a talentless leader can add to their mode of operation, like SCRUM, 10 hacks for better 1:1s, cross-functional jamboree, etc.
Python has sum types

optional_int: int | None = None
chevy volt
Working with templates is a hard job and eliminating the logic out of them is absolutely not trivial. In this episode we'll use Hanami tools to implement advanced forms - without logic leaking to them.
> I think the tooling being not ideal is a reflection of how mature/serious the community is about non academic usage.

I'd say it's more of a reflection of how having a very big company funding the language is making a difference.

People like to link Haskell's situation to its academic origins, but in reality, most of the issues with the ecosystem are related to acute underfunding compared to mainstream languages.
There are a few in the Interbalnearia/IB/Ruta 1.

https://movilidad.ute.com.uy/carga.html?tab=red-de-carga
Z:BotW and Z:TotK got the open world crafting balance right. Ingredients are plentiful, experimentation is low risk, and you exploring new places really seems like exploring.
Old Easter Island genomes show no sign of a population collapse
Wow, I knew of neither of these, thank you!

I'll have to take some time to experiment with both and make sure I understand howt hey work and any pitfalls!

I am definitely in the crowd that thinks git UX is pretty unintuitive and challenging, despite having used it for over a decade!

These sound like great plumbing for a github-style web UI that actually facilitates multi-step sequence PR's though...
Who's going to make them stop?
> It's important to keep in mind that Edward Feser is an extremely traditionalist Catholic, and neo-Aristotelian, philosopher.

This hints of bigotry and poisoning the well. Focus on his arguments.

(Also, what does "extremely traditionalist Catholic" mean? He certainly doesn't meet that description as I understand it. He has been critical of both laxity and rigorism, for example.)

> His writings frequently assume that the reader has a background in this niche subject area

His academic background was originally in the tradition of analytical philosophy. The man was an atheist. It was only after he began teaching and rehashing tired caricatures of Aquinas's arguments that he took notice and began to find the real McCoy convincing. So, he is very familiar with what else is on offer and skillfully deals with those topics. Many of his writings, including blog posts, take these other views on their own terms, often to show where their weaknesses and errors lie.

I presume that by calling his views "niche", you mean "views held by a minority of philosophers today", or perhaps "fringe" in some pejorative, dismissive sense? Because the subject matter isn't niche at all. It's a full-blooded view of expansive scope (hello, metaphysics anyone?), and frankly, IMO, the most well-defended and defensible. .

Truth is not decided by majority vote.

> If you aren't really familiar with the contents of the Summa Theologica, you probably won't get much out of Feser's essays.

Again, not true. He writes in an eminently accessible manner. His book "The Last Superstition" is 101 material. Having some familiarity with basic Aristotelian notions can sometimes expedite understanding, perhaps, but you don't need to be a scholar to grasp much of what he writes. And often, he doesn't even make any explicit use of technical language from the Aristotelian and Thomistic traditions, only arguments using common language.

Of course, I am not averse to straining to learn something new. I have heard one philosopher say that he only began to grasp metaphysics in his 50s. Anyone looking for a royal road is perhaps ill-suited for philosophy, or any serious field of study.
The original title of the article was:

> Oversight Report Says More Than A Third Of Frisks Performed By NYPD Officers Were Unconstitutional
About that Windows Installer 'make me admin' security hole. How it's exploited
I never said it was a post by Oxide.