skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Just let people plug their phone into a dock and make it a full desktop. That’s a killer business feature, never own a laptop again.
Tock-OS, Oxid-OS (the safety version of Tock-OS, like freertos/safertos), and Hubris (from Oxide Computers) are the main three RTOSs, Embassy and RTIC are common frameworks (but not classic RTOSs) used for scheduling and resource management on bare metal systems. There are some more niche or non-public ones as well.

For more classic OSs (not real time), Redox is the main one, as well as a lot of research/experimental/teaching ones, including the Blog OS from this guide/submission.
AvifHash leverages the power of AVIF to create image placeholders that are both compact and efficient.

This Proof of Concept shows promising results: at 27 characters, AvifHash outperforms BlurHash https://blurha.sh/ (using 4x3 components) in quality and detail retention. At a similar quality, BlurHash needs 54 (5x5) to 76 characters (6x6 components).

Given that AVIF decoding is done by the web engine, AvifHash is very small: the entire demo page (including parsing and re-hydration code) is only 2.3 kB gzipped.
Improving the developer experience
Bash scripts tend to grow to check on file presence, conditionally run commands based on the results of other commands, or loop through arrays. When it is a nice pipelined command, yes, bash is simpler, but once the script grows to have conditions, loops, and non-string data types, bash drifts into unreadability.
I use podcast index exclusively for podcast search and I've never been unable to find a podcast I was looking for there (just my experience in having used it for years)
> That's all well and good for the student, but what about for taxpayers/governments who's funding that education?

We can say the same thing about K-12 education -- it's just something we choose to fund collectively, because that's the kind of society we want to be.

But also, progressive taxation means that the rich fund it more than the poor. So the general idea is that if law school and medical school are expensive to provide but result in vastly higher salaries, then it gets paid for in the end out of those lawyers' and doctors' taxes. Not the taxes from average Americans.
If you make a perfect physical copy of a picture, is it the same picture As the original?
Stars Getting Rich Off Fan Conventions: Take Home "Garbage Bags Full of $20s"
Building an ECS #3: Storage in Pictures
This is a misunderstanding. The lawsuit was not one suit: it wrapped up one against Wright, but several that he instigated against others. This involved dozens of individuals and companies, sued by him for various ends such as control over the word "Bitcoin", control over bitcoins themselves, and forcible changes to the protocols.

It was absolutely a threat to Bitcoin and other crypto.
1) Move most good careers that do not require a college degree out of the country for the benefit of shareholders

2) Tell everyone born between 1980 and 1995 that they'll be unable to compete in the global marketplace if they don't get at least some post-high school education, and imply that the mere presence of a degree will help instead of having a specific type of degree

3) Have next-to-zero standards for public funds used in grant and loan programs for college education, meaning people can take out loans for any sort of degree program at almost any sort of institution

4) Hold these debtors to standards that aren't applied to other types of debtors. You cannot discharge them through bankruptcy, it's very difficult to renegotiate, and SCOTUS has said that the chief executive of the note-holding institution (in this case, the President of the United States) cannot use discretion in deciding who he gets to forgive for loans.
Show HN: An experiment in generating short form "deep thought" videos with AI
I've recently seen a fair amount of "philosophical" and story-telling content on social media. Common traits are a calm voice, soothing music, calm pictures and a discussion of some topic of self-improvement, or love, or the world and our place in it. The algorithms have noticed that I sometimes enjoy this content.

Some of this type of content has clearly AI-generated elements, for example using the same voice or images that are slightly off. So I wondered how hard it would be to create similar content in a 100% automated manner.
What kinds of, well, censorship, is applied to the platform for a lack of a better word?

Maybe I wasn't able to scan the Terms of Service well enough, since I didn't see it defined there? They mention they can remove content there, but not why they would.
Four of us is enough
This seems to miss the point, which is how to minimize hallucinations to a desirable level. Good prompts refined over time can minimize hallucinations by a significant degree, but they cannot fully eliminate them.
This is the problem with a ton of policy thinking. The idea that we can solve a problem of this magnitude with disruption, and somehow prevent market forces from reacting, is incredibly short sighted.

It's incredibly expensive to run a university, and many people feel entitled to attend any university they can get into (not a bad thing, btw), but you can't suddenly erase the bill without drastically cutting costs, changing supply/demand, or otherwise altering the economics first.

The college level education system in the US employs almost 3.8 million people. Decisions here absolutely affect their employment, tax rates, employment rates, bank loans, financial industry solvency, etc.

This problem is incredibly far away from the space of YOLO tactics.
Of course, the hypothesis that they are sufficiently aware of everything -- existing and being nurtured solely to be slaughtered, having already seen many friends die, if female having had many children stolen from them -- to be traumatized to the point of utter emotional breakdown and unfeeling is also consistent with said observation. Humans who have survived war crimes and horrific battles tend to go pretty dead-eyed too. Death might even be welcomed, as a deliverance.
The driver's literally can't see front of the vehicle. 2 weeks ago I was at a mall in Orlando and saw two separate SUV drivers fail to see the 4ft metal traffic pole in the parking lot and just plowed right over it, damaging their vehicle.

Here is my scientific data:

> Whatever their nose shape, pickups, SUVs and vans with a hood height greater than 40 inches are about 45 percent more likely to cause fatalities in pedestrian crashes than cars and other vehicles with a hood height of 30 inches or less and a sloping profile, an IIHS study of nearly 18,000 pedestrian crashes found.

- IIHS [0]

> After controlling for crash characteristics, I estimate a 10 cm increase in the vehicle’s front-end height is associated with a 22% increase in fatality risk.

- University of Hawai'i professor [1]

> [A study] found that between 2009 and 2016, pedestrian fatalities increased in nearly every circumstance examined. But among all types of vehicles, SUVs had the biggest spike in single-vehicle fatal pedestrian crashes, and crashes were increasingly likely to involve high-horsepower vehicles.

- NPR [2]

[0] - https://uhero.hawaii.edu/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/UHEROwp2...
[1] - https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2018/05/14/611116451...
[2] - https://www.iihs.org/news/detail/vehicles-with-higher-more-v...
My understanding of a free education is one that is 100% paid for by the government, since someone still has to pay the professor's salary. In that case, you still have an issue of an industry that can demand increased prices (from the government, of course) if university enrollment suddenly increases (and I think it would if students didnt have to pay tuition). So I think you still have to figure out how to handle the market forces, but you're right that shifting the burden from the students to the government lets people start off their lives with less debt, which is a benefit of its own.
The expert evidence is actually available online: https://archive.org/details/copa-v-wright-trial-documents
Maybe, down the line. The calculator went through a long period of perfecting until it became as powerful as they are today. It’s only natural LLMs will also take time. And much like calculators moving from stepped drums, to vacuum tubes, to finally transistors, the way we build LLMs are sure to change. Although I’m not quite sure idempotence is something LLMs are capable of.
For those with github, I guess one could create a pull request ;) /s
It varies a lot. If it's a simple question, it just does 3-4 sections of "thinking & reflection" but for more complicated ones I think I've seen something like 10 or more. Maybe 3-4 seconds per section on average I'd guess.
All of this computing power and it will still barely be able to load web pages without an ad blocker.
Deno is great for writing quick scripts: https://deno.com/learn/scripts-clis

Bun has similar features: https://bun.sh/docs/runtime/shell
"Alternate history" is a common literary genre.

People will always explore the "what ifs."
I ran a coding bootcamp school that had both your typical pay-upfront and later added an option like you outline. I can't speak for all programs, but schools use an affiliate third party lender for those "free" loan programs.

It was relatively new for us when I left, so I never saw the aftermath. I know it worked out well for some students, but my biggest concern was ensuring payments only kicked in if the job was "in-industry or field". My logic was the value isn't there if you go to a coding bootcamp only to not use the skills.

I was still worried they'd basically ask "do you use a computer?" and consider it in-field.

Another issue here is we had folks just looking to up-skill and the value return was harder to gauge if they were returning or continuing to work their job. This was mostly limited to our part-time program so we didn't offer the delayed-loan for it.
Some sort of distributed face recognition offloaded to user devices?
Great idea! Interest-based communities have a lot more trust so things like meeting up, transacting, or dating can happen with less friction.
A book about Vienna in 1913, it was very popular in Germany, I've heard good things about it.

https://www.penguinrandomhouse.com/books/236412/1913-by-flor...
Perplexity does a pretty good job on this. I find myself reaching for it first when looking for a factual answer or doing research. It can still make mistakes but the hallucination rate is very low. It feels comparable to a google search in terms of accuracy.

Pure LLMs are better for brainstorming or thinking through a task.
The problem is also that the model may have a very high confidence in token probability and is still wrong, but I'm sure it could help in some cases.
Migrate-Vue – a guide for all still on Vue 2
Portland embraces it, see for example the Ned Flanders Crossing, on Flanders St, no less: https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ned_Flanders_Crossing

(The Simpsons character is named after the street.)
survival bias for platform services.

funnily enough out of the 42 employees still there, i assume less than a fourth are actually engineers.
You lost me at branch per post
I started working on MOROS[1][2] after completing the tutorial 5 years ago, and I cannot recommend it enough for anyone interested in Rust and osdev. Phil put a lot of work into it, and it shows! The project covers a lot, and after that there's the osdev wiki[3] to keep going.

[1]: http://moros.cc

[2]: https://github.com/vinc/moros

[3]: https://wiki.osdev.org
Show me a chip 10000x more powerful and I’ll show you a program that runs 10000x slower
Trade schools should definitely focus on ROI, and a lot more people should attend them. The idea of the public university is to bring a traditionally aristocratic practice - the devotion of several years of one’s young life to not-necessarily-practical intellectual pursuits - to the middle class. I think our civilization would lose something worthwhile by returning this practice to the exclusive domain of rich families. Much the same as if we sold off all our public parks for development.

The issue is that we have democratized not only the class background part but also the “intellectual pursuits” part. College should be a lot more selective and a lot more rigorous; only a small minority of students have any business attending. The rest can get their credentialing and coming-of-age ceremony in an ROI focused trade school.
Repeat offense.

I wonder how many of them were aware of what the repetition did to the punishment.
Except for medical students, who require a teaching hospital and all its equipment.for their education

Except for EE and other engineering students, who require lab and other equipment for their education

Except for chemistry, biology, and other science students, who require chemistry equipment, etc. for their education. You get the idea.

Even for fields that require no specialized facilities, frankly, I don't see any Fields Medal or Turing Award winners that are self-taught nor do I have any reason to expect to see any in my lifetime.
This is why I want hardware to be open for me to install whatever else I want on the damned phone.

This hardware is too good to be wasted.
One important clarification I should have mentioned: buttons and form inputs only meet the definition of hypermedia controls when HTMX or something similar is used. Under normal HTML only links, images, complete forms, and iframes qualify, since (for instance) form inputs and buttons can't on their own make a request or specify where new content would go.
Listen Notes: The Best Podcast Search Engine
> there's always a nonzero chance of hallucination. There's also a non-zero chance that macroscale objects can do quantum tunnelling, but no one is arguing that we "need to live with this" fact.

True, but it is defeatist and goes against a good engineering/scientific mindset.

With this attitude we'd still be practicing alchemy.
Same thing in Turkey. https://balyozdavasivegercekler.com/2012/10/04/dani-rodrik-d...
Where after wasting my 2 hours on each of those three calls i.e. totalling 6 hours the Senior Advisor will solemnly ask me backup my data, wipe the device, and reinstall again and pray to almighty it works. If I am adventurous enough I ask them whether it will work their answer will put even the most seasoned diplomat to shame. So yeah right.
It’s a good thing they didn’t jump to any conclusion, and asked a question
> "It causes your script to die unexpectedly with no output."

Oh? I don't observe this behavior in my testing. Could you share an example? AFAIK, if you don't capture stderr, that should be passed to the user.

> "Instead, just check $? and..."

I agree that careful error handling is ideal. However, IMO it's good defensive practice to start scripts with "-e" and pipefail.

For many/most scripts, it's preferable to fail with inadequate output than to "succeed" but not perform the actions expected by the caller.
You seem to imply that a general willingness is what would allow this to happen when the article spells it out pretty clearly: it's powerful organizations clinging to power. Your sentiment amounts to nothing more than wishful thinking.

It's tempting to just agree with your sentiment, but I think that day dreaming about an unrealistic solution sucks energy away from more effective actions. The main challenge of solving a difficult puzzle is to avoid dead ends and red herrings.

A more promising plan involves explicitly strategizing against the agents who have the opposite agenda.
Imagine if people could replace their phone battery! (some do)
Yes, you should feel shame for society not helping these people.

But why is drug usage shameful? Most drug users are responsible.
You can get ad blockers in the app store, btw.
I actually think we should be decreasing demand rather than increasing supply. Not every job needs a college degree, and allowing more people to avoid college altogether would naturally drive prices down from the demand side. The hard part is that I don't know how to make employers accept non-degreed applicants, outside of having Peter Thiel shout at them to do so.
Was suddenly reminded of this while trying to fix my laptop. Thought other people might also enjoy it on lazy Saturday afternoon.
University is too rushed. That's why you feel like the work is done on your own. Cause of course you have to acquaint yourself with the subject at your own pace. Once you become acquainted, that's when it becomes useful to have access to a leader in the field. But by that time you are writing your finals and preparing for the next semester.
> by the youngest possible age he could have become a father

That's what, 9 years old?
That's indeed the biggest problem, because it limits its usefulness to questions for which you can verify the correctness. (Don't get me wrong, you can still get a lot of utility out of that, since for many problems finding the [candidate] solutions is much more difficult than verifying them)

OT, but this also reminds me how much I despise bullshitters. Sometimes right, something wrong, but always confident. In the end, you can't trust what they say.
This comment should be pinned at the top of any LLM-related comment section.
English billiards does in fact have pockets, carom billiards does not.
Aaaaaaactually…
Sweden to pay refugees up to 341,00 USD to return
I tend to think "semantic" is a better term than "similarity" for describing dense vector search. Question to answer pairs are present in the training data which should discourage "similarity" thinking by itself. Personally, it feels like there was a shift to using "similarity" recently and I don't know why.

IDF keyword matching oriented techniques are a lot closer to "similarity" search than dense vector ones.

Dense vector search excels uniquely well for queries containing a semantic concept like a comparison with a query such as "A vs. B" [1]. Results will shift towards comparisons in general over results containing tokens A or B. Bag-of-words model where all the tokens collapse into a single vector is ideal for anything where you're trying to get an idea more than a set of tokens.

> 1. solve this with query expansion, running multiple similarity searches..

It would be a lot easier to solve by just having the required/negated word feature. That's really my point in the blog. Having to experiment and do newfangled things with high latency penalties for this common query pattern is something to seriously consider when choosing pgvector.

> Explainability with highlights

It's rare that a semantic search does not match tokens to some extent. Example imaged in the blog is actually from a dense vector query. Dense vector search isn't that magical and retains some token-level precision. Also, you can use word-level embeddings for the highlights to make them more semantically accurate. However, in our system, we use jaro-winkler distance.

In a semantic search context, you do want something matching on meaning, but when it doesn't work well, the information from highlights helps you refactor and get it closer to ideal.

> Sparse vectors, BM25, and other IDF modes

I'm a fan of pg_search (and tantivy), but SPLADE is a significant improvement and I think it's a big loss to not have easy access to it.

Appreciate that you enjoyed the post and thank you for starting a discussion on it!

[1]: https://hn.trieve.ai/about
In my own experience, it seems like the ones that provide frequent investor updates on a regular schedule are the ones that are most successful. There's almost a direct correlation between how often I hear from a company and how successful they are. It's probably related to the fact that providing monthly investor updates forces a regular cadence of accountability.

There is also a significant time factor involved. The longer a startup has been alive, the more likely it is to have a bigger exit. Startups that go to zero tend to do so fairly quickly. And startups that end up 10x take quite a while to get there (YouTube would be a major exception to this, reaching 1.6 billion in just 1.5 years).

The harder to predict ones are the ones in the middle. The less than 1x returns could happen quickly or take a decade.
Incomplete training data is kind of a pointless thing to measure.

Isn’t incomplete data the whole point of learning in general? The reason why we have machine learning is because data was incomplete. If we had complete data we don’t need ml. We just build a function that maps the input to output based off the complete data. Machine learning is about filling in the gaps based off of a prediction.

In fact this is what learning in general is doing. It means this whole thing about incomplete data applies to human intelligence and learning as well.

Everything this theory is going after basically has application learning and intelligence in general.

So sure you can say that LLMs will always hallucinate. But humans will also always hallucinate.

The real problem that needs to be solved is: how do we get LLMs to hallucinate in the same way humans hallucinate?
- 25% of investments make zero return (i.e. 100% write offs)
- 25% produce a return greater than zero but less than 1x (i.e. are losses)
- 25% produce a return between 1x-3x
- 15% produce a return between 3x-10x
- 10% produce a return of 10x or greater

If you bucket the first two as "zeros" or near zeros, the third one as "something you wish you hadn't invested in" and the last two as good investments, you get to roughly the same 1/3, 1/3, 1/3 that I like to use.

so breaking even is bad all of a sudden... and who needs a return greater than 0-1x when everyone's getting paid and you have a little on the side for emergencies?
> You can totally still stick with Firefox… but remember to download userChrome.css from GitHub. And if you want vertical tabs, be sure to install Sidebery until Mozilla get around to implementing native vertical tabs.

I'm a constant critic of most things Mozilla (as well as an avid Firefox user... there's a lot of overlap in that venn diagram) and most of what this intro rails against resonates, but I'll never understand why they get hammered for not implementing vertical tabs.

This is a feature that a small but passionate subset of their users use, but it's also a feature that already has an extension that said subset of their users uses. Further, said subset has a strong overlap with the never-Chromium crowd, so they're not going to lose them any time soon. Out of the thousand and one things that Mozilla could be doing to make Firefox more competitive, vertical tabs is solidly in the second half of the list.
Online education ftw?

If you can drop 90% of administrators and real estate by moving online, student loans become a thing of the past. College becomes a halfway house commune for young people to
who want to leave their parents nest.

So the way you fix a broken system is to replace it with something cheaper and better. The issue of course is that 99% of people who start online courses don't finish them. Universities provide motivation for learning, which is required for many learners.
Elon Musk and Larry Ellison Begged Nvidia CEO Jensen Huang for AI GPUs at Dinner
Many countries don't have zip codes or they are not widely used or known.

My country (Colombia) relatively recently assigned them but no one uses them or require them, so no one knows which zip code they are living in
The entire OMSCS program costs about $6000-$7000, depending on if you take one or two classes per semester.

That's not free, but it is an undeniably great value for the money.
Nice little article, posted via eww on emacs :)

Edit: via Firefox. The odd thing about eww and ycombinator, the line size is limited on eww and you are limited to 1 line in eww. It is a eww thing, but surprisingly eww renders pages rather well.
Not to defend Crowdstrike in any way, but it’s a bit unfair to only look at the downside. What if his hospital hadn’t bought an antivirus, and got hit by ransomware?