skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
I’ve been using Haskell professionally off and on, along with other languages, since 2008. Professional experience certainly will help you learn some patterns, but honestly my best advice for structuring programs is to not think too hard about it.

Use modules as your basic unit of abstraction. Don’t go out of your way to make their organization over-engineered, but each module should basically do one thing, and should define everything it needs to do that thing (types, classes, functions).

Use parametric polymorphism as much as you can, without making the code too hard to read. Prefer functions and records over type classes as much as possible. Type classes that only ever have a single instance, don’t have laws, or type classes defined for unit data types are major code smells.

Don’t worry about avoiding IO, but as much as you can try to keep IO code separate from pure code. For example, if you need to read a value from the user, do some calculations, then print a message, it’s far better to factor the “do some calculations” part out into a pure function that takes the things you read in as arguments and returns a value to print. It’s really tempting to interleave logic with IO but you’ll save so much time, energy, and pain if you avoid this.

Essentially, keep things as simple as you can without getting belligerent about it. The type system will help you a lot with refactoring.

Start at the beginning. Write functions. When you see some piece of functionality that you need, use `undefined` to make a placeholder function. Then, go to your place holder and start implementing it. Use undefined to fill in bits that you need, and so on.

Fancy types are neat but it’s easy to end up with a solution in search of a problem. Avoid them until you really have a concrete problem that they solve- then embrace them for that problem (and only that problem).

You’ll refactor a lot, and learn to have a better gut feeling for how to structure things, but that’s just the process of gaining experience. Leaning into the basics of FP (pure functions, composed together) will be the path of least resistance as you are getting there.
Not really, most of the changes are straightforward. Also, alot of the time it writes better syntax than i would. Sometimes I write a bunch of psuedo code and hsave it fill in the detials, then write the tests
It kind of seems like they just wrote a generalized DSPy program. Can anyone confirm?

This has been a very incremental year for OpenAI. If this is what it seems like, then I’ve got to believe they’re stalling for time.
The US is only able to borrow tens of trillions of dollars for very low interest rates is because investors, big and small, both in the US and around the world, see the US as essentially a risk-free way to store value. People (or investment organizations, or businesses, etc) with many millions or billions of dollars have to put it somewhere. Using vaults to store that much money is expensive to maintain and causes them to lose value to inflation and the cost it entails to run that operation. Basically, the default way to store a lot of money in an extremely safe way (in terms of it being there when you want it, and not losing tons of value) is to buy US treasuries. Financial markets consider them to be zero-risk -- the benchmark by which all other investments are compared.

Now, if this were to change, and financial markets thought that buying US treasuries might not be a guarantee that they can get that money back later, a lot of things would be disrupted. In the immediate term, interest rates would likely increase significantly for everything, as many interest models base their rates on treasury interest rates, and treasury interest rates would skyrocket due to the now non-zero risk. That would in turn mean that the US's interest on their outstanding debt would skyrocket, further compounding the issue. Also, because so much of the world economy is based on the assumption that US treasuries are zero risk, this would upend investor confidence in many other financial markets globally that rely on those instruments for their function. Those who were forking over trillions to the US for safekeeping may look for other places to keep their money instead. This would be bad for the US governments ability to raise money to do the things it needs to do, in likely a significant way. And if a default does happen, creditors could seize assets, and depending on who is stuck holding the bag, war has happened in these situations before, although the UN currently disallows it.

But at a minimum, the global economy would be hit very hard.
This looks really interesting! It does look very rust like.

auto get_x/(a, b)(const int^/a x, const int^/b y) -> const int^/a {
return x;
}

I like the new `choice` type. It looks like a c++ flavored rust enum.

template<class T+, class E+>
choice expected {
[[safety::unwrap]] ok(T),
err(E);

T unwrap(self) noexcept safe {
return match(self) -> T {
.ok(t) => rel t;
.err(e) => panic("{} is err".format(expected~string));
};
}
};
I'm not so sure one can say the ability increase your footprint due to wealth directly equates to a larger footprint... A bit of an anecdotal counterpoint: the few wealthy folks I know are almost hermits and typically relax at home while the rest of us have daily commutes and such. I've never known them to fly anywhere and basically "have everything they need" where they are. I'd be willing to bet their carbon footprint is much much lower than most.
I think maybe it's my own personal bias, but it does feel like anyone who pays money for an AI girlfriend really won't want it to disagree with them. I believe they'll want an idyllic and fantasy version of a relationship.
Ok, yeah rib fractures on chest X-rays are hard also. Even extremity Fractures can be hard also. Some are not directly visible, but you can look for indirect signs such as hematomas displacing fat pads. Stress fractures show up only on mri or bone scans…
Second is the issue of promotion: how to you become known to enough fans to make it worth it. The sites offer a true service of discovery.
Most bird species also went extinct. Perhaps the survivors, which seem to be small ground dwelling birds had and needed less fine tuned lungs.
> Not really

How on earth are you conveying your intent to the model? Or is your intent so CRUDdy that it doesn't need to be conveyed?
I love my pinecil.

Definitely not beatable in value/price.
Water-filled hole in S.F.'s SoMa district prompts city to sue developer
How would you ensure that grumpy security open source contributors see them and not hackers?
ChatGPT o1-preview solves NYT Connections on first attempt
AWS uses Rust extensively
I'm at the point where if I see it in a TED talk I'm assuming it's a bullshit grifter
But still around 4 to 5% of the global population. Every stat in the global context of usage/consumerism gets weird when you consider this, and even weirder when you account for debt-to-income ratio.
Why open source matters in your project management tool
Old people and desperate people who are inclined to believe, yes. But the glitching and weird movements are a dead giveaway, I think.
Apply to YC. Take on the major license companies like Thales, Flexlm, Wibu, etc.

You’ll need a lot of money and stay in it for the long run to take on companies like that. It’s possible though.
> “We just owe it to ourselves” is a propaganda line. There must be more productive uses for those funds than paying interest.

There are! One of the most productive uses of buying your own treasuries is the ability to manipulate the entire economy as a whole.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantitative_easing
Why are you opposed to letting the user install software in any way they want?
Dupe:

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=41526074
It depends on what you're doing.

If you're writing something specific to your particular problem, or thinking through how to structure your data, or even working on something tough to describe in words like UI design, it probably is easier to just code it yourself in most high-level languages. On the other hand, if you're just trying to get a framework or library to do something and you don't want to spend a bunch of time reading the docs to remember the special incantations needed to just make it do the thing you already know it can do, the AI speeds things up considerably.
You could use the recently new change account feature where you open Steam and all your accounts appear in one window and you're already logged in to all of them and you just click on your profile icon and it opens that account and when you are ready to switch you click the drop-down box next to your username and select "Change Account" and after it closes, the window with the profile icons pops up again and you can select another account and you don't have to use a password each time. Make sure you tick the check box when you confirm the request to change the account. It makes it much easier to log in and out of different accounts.
The-good-and-bad-of-cpp-as-a-rust-dev
Payment processing for porn has existed a long time. The problem is trying to convince people to pay for porn. The assumption was free tube site would replace membership sites, as the was the trend already.
> including the willingness and ability to go through days of grinding for very small rewards

when you put it that way, I feel like players of grindy f2p/mmo/etc. games could possibly be successful in embarking on grindy IRL activities like exercise programs, learning to play a musical instrument, studying for the bar exam, ...

I guess the trick would be to add randomized rewards and collectables to keep them (us?) hooked.

Ring Fit Adventure actually has a collectable aspect, as well as level grinding, component item farming, and non-uniform rewards. Leetcode and duolingo are gamified to a lesser degree, and I'm not sure it works as well, though maybe it doesn't need to. Duolingo's non-uniform gem rewards feel more annoying than exciting.
Payment is the hardest part in this space. Somehow OnlyFans had the privilege to use Stripe for all their transactions.

It's beyond knowing the business model, I guess the founder were at the right place and right time and knew the right people to make this venture succeed.

Also, the marketing, how the heck did these guy blow up so fast. The funds for marketing and all, it's not cheap!
I am also not sure what the end game is here and what 'defeating' a country with a nuclear arsenal looks like.

The decisive US defeats in the aforementioned countries, and the equally compelling Russian/Soviet defeat in Afghanistan provide hopeful models.
> The simplest explanation is that a distributor in Brazil sourced counterfeit hardware.

I wouldn't call this the simplest explanation. While they a vastly overpriced produce in 2024, its a niche product and I doubt sales are high. The simplest explanation an engineer was told to update the firmware and it had a side effect on the TVM function.
These are probably flash cards older students sell that was on the teacher's test. High stakes cheating.
This is unfortunately quite common in mobile apps, because "why would a user look closer in a mobile app".

I want to blame juniors, the no-code and ai-code crowd, but I'm as lazy as they are and will just shake my head and move on.
“ people management (like project/product management) is its own discipline with a deep set of skills, research, training, etc.”

What reading or other recommendations do you have here?
a properly written requirements spec is something that doesn't exist in the vast majority of cases.
The infinite loop case is:

loopType : Int -> Type
loopType x = loopType x

foo : List (loopType 3) -> Int
foo _ = 42

bar : List (loopType 4)
bar = []

baz : Int
baz = foo bar

Determining if baz type-checks requires evaluating loopType 3 and loopType 4 to determine if they're equal.
Hmmm.

No competitors, you say?

Peel back the layers of shielding against you rolling in as a “competitor”, and what will you find?

A big steaming layer of government.

Regulating that only their connected buddies can fleece you - and there’s nothing you can do about it.

You voted for this. For your safety. You want this.
It was asked to explain step by step.
yes 20mg to 1000mg sometimes (high tolerance and i dont ant to repeat that)
Ask HN: Do you sell first or comply with laws/tax first?
Writing Tips for Non-Fiction Authors
Tiktok ban mentions of WeChat just like they been saying onlyfans.
a lot more broken software. Companies release broken software intentionally just to be quick to market. Now can you imagine the same, but the "engineers" literally cannot make the product better even if they wanted to. They never learned to code properly. So they can't tell whether the code is good.
I dunno man. I just spent a couple hours trying to get it to write functioning code to read from my RTSP stream, detect if my kid is playing piano, and send the result to HomeAssistant. It did not succeed.
I did a few tests and asked it some legal questions. 4o gave me the correct answer immediately.

o1 preview gave a much more in depth but completely wrong answer. It took 5 follow ups to get it to recognize that it hallucinated a non-existent law
I don’t get it. He uses Everest and the South Pole as proof that Mars can’t support human life.

But there’s a base at the South Pole and people climb Everest

I think these are substantial engineering issues, but I think he must be kidding. They are obviously solvable.

I read, for example, that you can put a nuclear powered electromagnet in one of the Lagrange points that will protect Mars from solar wind.
this is nice. I love the scale layout
Tape might win for large-scale systems, but it's basically dead for home-office scale.

You used to be able to get modestly priced tape units for home use from the old "connects to the floppy controller" units with capacities in the tens of megabytes, up to some late-gen SCSI/IDE/parallel/early USB models that would be a couple of gigabytes, but still at home-friendly prices. What's today's answer? An enterprise-grade device that might put 10TB+ on a tape, but comes with a four-figure price tag and isn't really sold at Best Buy.

If I want to back up the house today (maybe 4 active PCs, 5-6Tb of total space), affordable choices are pretty much disc-based. I could choose a cheap NAS (ended up doing that with an old fanless Atom machine and a used 12TB datacentre drive) or get a USB-attached external drive. Even if I used BD-XL media, even my modest needs would be dozens of discs, plus getting a writer in a shrinking market. There are plenty of datahoarders with much bigger needs, but even for them, tape is completely outside the addressable market.
DCE in static C libraries with function sections [pdf]
Crypto Scams Drained $5.6B from American Wallets in 2023
Yeah, but honestly I'm ok with the industry shrinking along that axis.
You don't. Go is generally significantly faster than Erlang and unless you are deeply concerned about the pauses themselves, you will more than recover GC time in generalized performance in almost all, if not all, cases.

Go's GC already has a lot of work done to minimize "stop the world" time down to very small values.
That makes OnlyFans ugly.

Good find!
Pinecil isn't limited to 60W at least not the pinecil v2, I think the v2 goes to like 140W using EPR
I think SaaS startups with a Harvard founder and 5 million are going to crush it in the world you describe. The marginal cost of building decreases, but brands, trust, and reach do not follow the same scaling laws.

Access to capital and pedigree are still going to be a big plus.
New NFL helmet accessory reduces concussions
What's the equivalent of this: https://hexdocs.pm/elixir/supervisor-and-application.html

defmodule KV.Supervisor do
use Supervisor

def start_link(opts) do
Supervisor.start_link(__MODULE__, :ok, opts)
end

@impl true
def init(:ok) do
children = [
KV.Registry
]

Supervisor.init(children, strategy: :one_for_one)
end
end

In ergo
So basically it's Android but with extra non-Google advertising on top? Maybe it'll be popular with bottom-tier junk TV makers like RCA and other recycled brand names from ages past. I can't imagine why any decent TV maker would want this.
I guess if people can’t be rich with government funny money, they will just accumulate IOU’s from each other. Maybe automate the system in a decentralized ledger that avoids counterparty risk. Oh wait…

Of course tiktok, byd ev’s, solar, ai models coming out of China are doing fine, so it’s not all bleak.
FICA is capped. Past about $160k, you pay no additional Social Security; past about $180k you pay no additional Medicare tax. So if you earn $1 million a year, you pay a lower percentage of your income in FICA than if you earn $100k.

So if I understood you correctly, yes, the rich pay a higher percentage of taxes if you ignore FICA, because the poor and middle class pay a much higher percentage of FICA.
The problem with this argument is that russia literally has no non-nuclear ways to escalate. America did and used them.

All you can say is "well this time it's over the line and they'll start using nukes" but that argument applies just as well to literally every action.
SpaceX is facing two big obstacles. First, going to Mars requires refueling in orbit, and that's not trivial to accomplish. Secondly, if they have to wait months between test launches due to regulatory issues, that's going to slow them down considerably.
Big tech - including even Meta but definitely including Apple - have an insanely better track record of keeping user data safe than traditional non-tech companies.
It's slow and expensive if you compare it with other LLMs.

It's lightning fast and dirt cheap if you compare it to consulting with a human expert, which it appears to be competitive with.
One interesting hypothesis of what OpenAI may be doing
> Can a Flipper Zero be programmed for this? It connects to Micro SD cards and USB ports.

I wrote something barebones for this on my Synology, using just a shell script and (hardware accelerated) openssl, if memory serves; that acceleration was crucial for handling, say, an 8TB hard drive.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oshkosh_NGDV
“Agents” aren’t just question-answerers. They could do things like:

1. Make pull requests to your GitHub repo

2. Trade on your interactive brokers account

3. Schedule appointments
SHAP gets a bad rap. I use them all the time for global and feature interpretation. They can be a great springboard for diving into your data and doing additional feature engineering, monotonic constraints, and leveraging regression based models.
It’s not just a random seed though, this would be attempting to squeeze everything out of the LLM network with all the seeds :)
The answer is yes if you are willing to code it. OpenAI supports tool calls. Even if it didn't you could just make multiple calls to their API and submit the result of the code execution yourself.
I wonder what the fact of that matter is. Are reproduction rates dropping because women aren't as pressured to bear children due to those silly 'social engineering initiatives'?
It seems like you're asking for quite a lot here. Are there any examples of common interpretable ML methods that would give you anything like that answer? The most common methods that are called interpretable would give you hints like "Mass and distance matter for gravity, color doesn't" or "Gravity gets stronger with mass and weaker with distance". Both are clearly less informative than the formula.

The only way I could think of to get anywhere near such an answer would be to use symbolic regression first and then ask an LLM to interpret the result. And that would probably take quite some more original research to get it anywhere near working, and even then probably primarily for problems where the answer is already known.

I agree that this kind of answer would be useful, but we also have to be honest that that's not what currently meant by interpretability. And that's what should matter for evaluating the claim - it's not misleading if it delivers what one can reasonably expect. Whether we should update our interpretability definitions is a different (interesting) discussion.
Only a little bit. I have VS Code configured to emit a small sound when a terminal command fails, or when a debugging breakpoint is hit. I also used to add `; say "tests are done"` to my test command so I could go to another screen and know when my tests finished.
Interestingly, in the end of the article, the FDA links to an old article hosted on web.archive.org[1] even though the linked article was originally published by FDA themselves. Considering the linked article was only published at 2022, a merely 2 years ago, maybe the FDA should do more to prevent dead links.

[1]: https://web.archive.org/web/20221028042729/https:/www.fda.go...
Many folks call tree ensembles "black boxes".

I would call them grey boxes or dark grey boxes. You could interpret them if you want to. But who wants to go through 500 trees in practice?
Well, it doesn't "correct" itself later. It just says wrong things and gets the right answer anyways, because this encoding is so simple that many college freshmen could figure it out in their heads.

Read the transcript with a critical eye instead of just skimming it, you'll see what I mean.
You can take either approach in nearly any other programming language. I disagree that functional programming has any particular advantage here.
It is a jurisdiction specific question. In some places you need license(s) just to operate as a business.

In most cases it is better to incorporate and do all the necessary registrations before making sales. But if your product/service doesn't take off as expected then the up-front costs are in vain. Some persons are comfortable with the risks of operating as a sole-trader.
Is there any independent confirmation of these numbers? Seem too extraordinary to be believed without extraordinary evidence.
And where were the links to those pages on the front page?
“Humanity is dooooomedddd”

The hubris of predicting the future out to infinity?
That's still not durable; you've set up a single point of failure in whatever is hosting the state process. Durable storage is a fundamentally different problem which you can't solve just by waving some Erlang processes at the problem. You could write a durable storage system in Erlang, although there's not a hugely compelling reason to do so when you can also use any existing one, and writing this sort of system is extremely challenging. Heck, just (fully) understanding Raft or Paxos is extremely challenging, let alone implementing it. Some classes of problems are best solved by a limited number of best-of-breed solutions that all of the other language ecosystems just use, like, durable storage and databases in general, or ffmpeg, or browsers.

(I can also tell you from personal experience Mnesia isn't a "durable storage" solution. Rather the opposite, honestly.)
(IMO) to a lesser extent.
Everything used to be closer together too. The world felt smaller. You could swim to Japan from where Vegas meets the Sea. Life was just better, except for the fact that Hawaii hadn’t been invented yet.
You post it on HN first where all the grumpy security open source contributors congregate.
Why would I try to download it without knowing anything about it first?
Sadly the magnet at L1 needs too much metal to be economical. It would be cheaper to run a belt of copper around the entire equator of Mars! Calculating the amount of metal needed is a bit more complicated than it originally looked.
Thanks, this is a big help.
can't they pivot to other products/services if the sales don't take off? Or will they break the initial agreement if they pivot?
Here's the official Tokyo Metro transit map:
https://ontheworldmap.com/japan/city/tokyo/tokyo-subway-map....

It shows the subways, but also adds on the relevant JR rail lines and lines from other companies. Honestly, I don't see how this project could improve on this; the current map is already packed full of information.
So instead of fair use you’d like to reserve domains for the rich?