skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Good one!

Reminds me of the viral video, goes something like "I'll pay you $20 if I can pour 2 cups of water on your head" and then only pour 1 cup and walk away.
> I don’t see why not. It’s allowed to behave differently based on the arguments that follow it.

That's missing the point, I think.

The real question here is, is the name of a program really an argument to the program, from the user's perspective? I certainly don't blame users that disagree. It's more difficult for them to change argv[0], and the fact that this is possible is not necessarily obvious to them, nor to their users.

If it helps, think of it like this: imagine the file timestamp was similarly passed as argv[-1]. And that the file inode number was passed as argv[-2]. Would it make sense to change behavior on those too?
https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/youngblood

young· blood
1: a young inexperienced person
especially : one who is newly prominent in a field of endeavor
2: a young African American male

The first known use of youngblood was in 1602

So it's a bit archaic but not abnormal. Has been used as a surname, too.
Funny, I started work on a legacy code base a couple months ago and yes, it has all the problems described in the article and that hinders our understanding of it.
I've talked about this before on my blog: https://singlelunch.com/2020/12/28/why-im-lukewarm-on-graph-...

Basically, language models are already graph neural networks. To understand why, go back to Word2Vec/GLoVe: word embedding distance represent co-occurrence frequency of words in a sentence.

Note how this is the same as a graph embedding problem: words are nodes, and the edge weight is co-occurence frequency. You embed the graph nodes. In fact, this is stated in formal math in the GLoVe paper.

The LLM architecture is basically doing the same thing, except the graph is conditional occurence based on the previous contextual words.

This setup makes for a graph with a truly astronomic number of nodes (word|context) and edges. This huge graph exists only in the land of abstract math, but it also shows why LLMs require so many parameters to perform well.

In any case, 4 years on, I'm still pretty lukewarm on the current gen of graph neural network architectures.

Case in point: the OP paper is pretty much the classic ML paper mill setup of "take some existing algorithm, add some stuff over it, spend a ton hyperparameter searching on your algo and show it beats some 2 year old baseline".
I've eyeballed a little bit, but this doesn't even look like 20% IRR. So it's not even a "great" P.E deal.
Light can absolutely be more blue or more green in an objective sense. Either it is closer to blue on the spectrum or it's closer to green. It doesn't matter if you have intermediate categories in between.

To poke a whole in your analogy, a more apt comparison would be to a gradient of sweetness, where one can indeed describe a flavor as "more sweet" or "less sweet" relative to apples and bananas.
I'd love a smaller car if everyone had a smaller car. I don't want a smaller car when there's a pickup truck 3x the size/weight with a lift kit and a driver that's on their phone or has road rage.
Just listened to the Search Engine podcast episode [1] where the author talked about this story. It's wild. The author (Joseph Cox) is also a founder of 404 Media[2], which is a great tech blog.

[1] https://www.searchengine.show/listen/search-engine-1/what-s-...
[2] https://www.404media.co/
The best way would be to make an escape code that matches zero or one punctuation.

So you's search for "/first\_name/i".
We used to play cards in a coffeehouse downtown, and someone brought a pet snake and laid it across the table. Are the exceptions dog-specific, or is any legal pet fair game? Can my friends in California dine with their pet ferrets?

There was a meal-prep service nearby with a storefront open to the public. I visited a few times, and the owner had a pair of dogs who were free to roam the floor. Their names were "Cash" and "Charge". That was one of the factors that helped me decide I should not continue to patronize them.
Not too different in many cities in the United States. There really should be a width limit on street parking in urban environments.
EEVblog 1637: Solar Freakin' Space Mirrors! - Reflect Orbital DEBUNKED [1]

[1] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lkjyeI0ykGM
I guess not strictly on topic, but I once had the dubious idea to read a book about the battle of Stalingrad while having the flu and high fever.

Drifting to sleep and waking up with that book in my head was a ride.
I use argv[0] to monitor the binary by itself and restart when it has changed.
Your fascination is rewarded by reading the other man sections such as section three:

https://linux.die.net/man/3/execve

If you already know about the additional man pages beyond user space, i cannot more strongly recommend diving into them. Additionally the gnu 'info coreutils' is a good place to start, as well as the glibc manual.
> Again, the phone can't be charged while I do this

Magsafe!

(Yes, that's not a solution for your iPad Pro. I wish they'd extend Smart Connector — basically MagSafe for iPad — licensing to more charging devices, and build it into all models.)
> I'm sure it could be argued that Windows Vista was when they jumped the shark

I'd argue that they jumped the shark with Win8. It's been one step forward, two steps back ever since.
If only AFS had succeeded. What would a modern version of this look like?
Worse, with code, you might be able to read all the parts in order to figure out what it does - given the language and/or the CPU architecture.

With biology, the code is running against nature, so the instruction set includes assumptions like "but if these two get close enough, then this other reaction occurs first". I suspect it can get so complicated that the only way to find out what it does is to run it.
They index them with doubles, they do the same with loop variables. As long as your integer is less (in absolute value) than about 2^53 (because they have 53 bit mantisas) you can represent it exactly with a double. 2^53 is 2^(10*5+3) so even if you're indexing individual bytes that many indexes works until you need to index into an array with 8 petabytes of data in it, at which point you're probably not using javascript anymore.

Like many things in javascript it's a bit cursed but it does work.
You don't need to. Keeping them shows the user exactly how to call the program based on how they called it.
This isn't "protecting" multigenerational businesses. Inheritance tax shouldn't be a thing in the first place.
Everything We Learned About Developer Conference Sponsorship
That can also be a downside, you believe you have moved stuff but now you can have different versions of programs that don't expect that to be a possibility.
So obviously claiming that there's no good reason for process to read argv[0] is either demonstrating the author's ignorance or needs a much stronger defense; I'd be fascinated to hear how they think busybox should work on an OpenWrt box with a 16MB root filesystem.

However, I am willing to consider the discussion about whether there could be merit to restricting the ability to write that value; I could imagine a system that populated it only from the actual file name and did not allow it to be written by the parent process or the child process at runtime. The obvious place this still falls apart is that an attacker could just

ln /bin/curl ./some\ other\ name

but there are sometimes security measures that we use even though they're less than 100% effective so it at least conceivable that this might be a trade off worth making.
Yeah, context is definitely important. I also tend to work on projects that I personally find useful instead of trying to build products for other people, which probably plays heavily into it.
There's no guarantee that the name and the path are still the same executable that is running, or that they even exist anymore.
My Prep Master
We are helping students pass their exams using multiple-choice questions.

I would like help on places I can get users. I am currently approaching bootcamps to publish questions based on their courses. I have been able to onboard 62 users in 3 weeks using this strategy.
Like this one: https://rachelbythebay.com/w/2011/07/27/ohreally/

Yes, that happens, and elsewhere she goes on about culture in tech.
How to Take Home "Garbage Bags Full of $20s"
Uber CEO pulled off a dramatic culture change that led to profitability
Scientists find seismic role in formation of large gold nuggets
There is a standard graph syntax: Graphviz DOT notation.
How? Checking and storing a checksum, or just file change metadata?
No screens before age of two, Swedish health authority tells parents
C, starting with K&R, has all declarations and definitions on lines at the left margin, and little else. this is easy to grep for.
I don't want to remove anything from my link; I don't care if it's with tracking or without. So, if you want to remove tracking, just right-click on the link, and you'll see 'Copy Link Without site tracking.'
Is there a name for the fallacy where you attribute your success in life to your own intelligence, and thus assume that you are smarter than everyone else, and that you therefor must be right about everything?

Sort of an opposite impostor syndrome?
I got 174 ('true neutral') by choosing 'blue' or 'not blue'. The 'green' here looks to me like a light yellowy-orange. The color that I have learned to associate with unripe bananas.
According to this, Walmart ruined toasters.
That wasn't clearly part of the test. To be ultra-pedantic (this is HN after all), the user's choices don't say "This is more-blue-than-green" and "This is more-green-than-blue". The choices are only "This is green" and "This is blue" forcing you to just pick one, where there is no clearly correct choice. When the color on the screen is neither green nor blue, many people will just pick a random answer.

I bet if the choices actually said "This is more green than blue" the results would be different.
It's an insect. 6 legs, exoskeleton, etc.
> REM sleep is inhibited when you use sleeping pills or alcohol.

In world war 2, some commanders found that a shot of brandy after a difficult action could help stave off "combat fatigue". It would be interesting if their solution actually helped by reducing traumatic memories forming.

WW2 should be a poster child for getting enough sleep. There were multiple mistakes made by both sides due to leaders not having slept for days. Admiral Kurita might have pressed his advantage in the Battle off Samar, or Admiral Halsey might have avoided the 2 typhoons his task groups encountered. Of course, it's easy for me to sit here and type that without experiencing the overwhelming pressure of war.
Your calculation assumes that probability of each number is the same which is not true for adversarial choice.
This is correct.

On the automotive scale, rust is a solved issue.

Nickle dip, electro deposition coatings, powder coating, salt spray testing, limited exposed welds.

GP is incorrect. Rust is not the issue for avoiding steel.

It is weight. Period. Every group at every mfg is given a weight reduction goal per model line and refresh. Vehicle network systems had a bullet point not of safer, or easier, or redundant, which it is none of those things - but low weight as you can cut a lot of copper out.
BGAN Machine-to-Machine (M2M) Terminals via Immarsat/Viasat Satellite Networks
I'm gravely naive to modern security methods (both defense and offence) but I work closely with some infosec guys in a big-fish company and they often share tales/experiences that I find fascinating because of their ingenuity and temerity.

Some examples:

We have had multiple attempts to use AI as imposters to convince well-wishing colleagues into doing things they shouldn't - a complicated technique that has seen success for the hackers on some occassions[0] - which requires infilitrating numerous accounts etc. This one is the "hollywood romanticized" idea of hacking because it is in realtime with actual people operating the stolen accounts, but using AI to mask their appearance and voice.

Sleeper infiltration - someone will find and breach an exploit, only to patch it, but leave a new backdoor. They then let it sleep for many months, eventually coming back to use it only to (attempt to) completely remove any trace of their presence. inb4 anyone says "ah but they probably copied/did something else you don't know about!" We've had those, too, but some really do just exploit, patch, then leave. Probably to deny someone else or something.

A really fascinating moment for me was watching a seceng spinup a honeypot and it took less than a minute for some attacks to start hitting it.

[0]: https://www.cnn.com/2024/02/04/asia/deepfake-cfo-scam-hong-k...
Plus the whole "space is not an issue" thing along with "you can just add more ram" is the reason everything is so bloated and slow even on well provisioned machines.
This is the best answer. I'll also suggest Calibre for file management.
Any wild theories/speculation?
> The RAPSD of Gaussian noise is also a straight line on a log-log plot; but a horizontal one, rather than one that slopes down. This reflects the fact that Gaussian noise contains all frequencies in equal measure

Huh. Does this mean that pink noise would be a better prior for diffusion models than Gaussian noise, as your denoiser doesn’t need to learn to adjust the overall distribution? Or is this shift in practice not a hard thing to learn in the scale of a training run?
Your logic is correct but you are off-by-one. 1 guess gets you 1 number, so the formula is 2^k - 1, and 7 guesses thus covers 127 numbers.

You can also view it as a recurrence:

f(1) = 1
f(n) = 2*f(n - 1) + 1 = 2^n - 1

But your binary search tree example is more intuitive.
Global Flourishing Study
Wikibooks community's perspective on the use of AI-generated content
One other historical reason for this (also the reason that older unix utilities tend to have such short names) is that people often interacted with unix machines over slow terminals or even paper teletypes. Typing "rm" instead of "remove" or "reboot" instead of "systemctl --reboot" was legitimately more convenient.
Sometimes it helps to read past the first paragraph before commenting on something.
But everyone else is smarter than me. Now what?
For me, if forced to pick between two choices that were not correct, I'd just pick one randomly. I think this is a wording problem more than anything.
Ivan the terrible lived 1530-1584, not 1754-1793 as indicated in the table.
> I use post-definitions of utility functions all the time in file scopes, function scopes, after return statements, everywhere

I haven't figured out if people consider this a best practice, but I love doing it. To me the list of called functions is a high-level explanation of the code, and listing all the definitions first just buries the high-level logic "below the fold". Immediately diving into function contents outside of their broader context is confusing to me.
I work automotive, this is the correct answer along with a more detailed post I made.

The issue with steel is weight, end of story. All alloys are constantly getting application specific versions and changes. TFA is basically worthless.
ive never implemented it but it should be possible to check if content still lives behind the url where it was originally found before serving any kind of archived copy.(preferably with contact info for the unwilling author) Using it for a search index should be fine ofc
> an opposite impostor syndrome?

Dunning–Kruger effect

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dunning%E2%80%93Kruger_effect
Markets are efficient. At measuring who cares enough to calculate the price of something, who is exploiting it via fraud, how much society cares enough to investigate that fraud, how good the business actually is, how many people are pumping the stock without knowing anything about it, how many people are dumping the stock without anyone knowing about it, how many people have a grudge against the CEO, how many people want to have the CEO's babies, etc.

That they are efficient in communicating what a company is worth on fundamental financial level is laughably incorrect and not even worthy of "in best case scenario" theorizing.

What they are efficient at is capturing literally EVERY possible human motivation to buy, sell, or ignore, and distilling it into a single number.
The best place is where is hot (geotermal) and cold(way up in higher lattitudes) in the same time = Iceland
Are we supposed to believe judiciary this corrupt is acting alone? It's obviously gov play.
Location: Marietta, SC

Remote: Yes

Willing to relocate: No

Technologies: AWS, Ruby, Rails, C++, Shell scripting, CI/CD pipelines, Gitlab

Résumé/CV: Upon request. LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/tomy-hudson/

Email: thomas.hudson7@icloud.com
1) better brands are really made... better in many details. I own second BMW, anytime I had a small scratch, got me worried it will eventually rust it all, technician told me not to worry, all outer surfaces are covered in zinc under paint. Compared to cheaper cars I've seen, there are literally many more layers of paint and other stuff before it comes to actual steel (or there is aluminium ie for some Audis).

2) where I come from, in cca eastern Europe with cca harsher winters, all sane folks who value their cars get right after buying get some additional protective layer on the bottom of the car (don't know details, don't live there but its not a trivial process). Easily lasts a decade. Back home during winter there is often salt and other chemistry used on the roads so without that, it would be bad much quicker.

If you live next to sea/ocean, you are screwed though I think, salt in the air corrodes almost everything.
The article itself clearly rebuts the false claim. The submission title (which is plausibly similar to the article title, itself too long for HN submissions) however paints a different impression.

There might be some alternate titles extractable / smithable from the lede 'graph:

If there’s a lesson that I’ve learned about the claims of cranks, quacks, and pseudoscientists, it’s that too much is never enough in terms of their hyperbolic claims. For example, with respect to COVID-19 vaccines and cancer, it wasn’t enough just to falsely claim that COVID-19 vaccines cause cancer. Oh, no. They had to cause “turbo cancers,” cancers so much nastier, fatal, and prone to appearing in younger people than regular boring, run-of-the-mill cancers. Nor is it enough to say that the vaccines have caused the incidence of cancer merely to have doubled or tripled—or even quadrupled—any of which, if true and provable with statistics and epidemiology linking vaccination to cancers, would be alarming enough. That’s not enough for cranks. Oh, no. Behold the latest claim from Myrna Mantaring, MT, MCI, MS, MBA, CLSp MB (ASCP), who “has more than 50 years of experience in the fields of Diagnostic and Research Laboratory Technology, Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Biology” (but apparently none in epidemiology), who has appeared with antivaxxer Polly Tommey (buddy of Andrew Wakefield) on CHD.TV to claim that there has been a “143,233% increase in cancers due to COVID vaccination” in the US

Among those:

- "Cranks, quacks, and pseudoscientists: too much is never enough" (64 chars)

- "It isn’t enough to falsely claim that COVID-19 vaccines cause cancer" (72 chars)

- "Behold the latest claim from Myrna Mantaring" (44 chars) (flamey, though defensibly accurate)

I'd strongly hesitate to suggest any title which reiterates the false claim itself in detail, as that tends only to amplify the falsehood.
I wonder why I don't perceive a similar issue with my gas car. Two reasons come to mind:

1) Gas consumption does not have as much variance as EV. Actually there are canceling effects because gas engines are more efficient on highways, but drag is higher. As a result the amount of fuel consumed is more predictable and therefore the range is more predictable.

2) The safety net of the "I'll fill up when pointer is near empty" habit. This can be harder for EV in exceptional trips i.e. not predictable daily commute, which is exactly where the chance of being further away from fast charging is higher.

I think 2) will get better over time and as we get more used to it. And about 1), it's pretty cool that EV are so much more efficient at slower speeds - it's a real testament for the technology.
Disappointing to see the Nash equilibrium missing from the analysis.
> IPMI is very common in enterprise servers but very rare elsewhere, much to the consternation of people like me that don't have the space or noise tolerance for a 1U pizzabox in their homes. If you are trying to stick to compact or low-power computers, you'll pretty much have to go without.

One option: you can get IPMI on an Atom-based Supermicro MicroATX board that can be cooled quietly with a small Noctua fan, in a short-depth 1U chassis.

I have an older one at home. The quietness and small size made it much more attractive than the Dell R2x0 models I saw. And it has server features like IPMI and ECC RAM that made it more attractive than a mini-PC, and it was also more reliable than a flimsy RasPi. (I'd be happy with a Dell quiet short-depth 1U with comparable characteristics, but I'm not aware of one.)

Personally, I wouldn't plug the IPMI port into my main LAN, but it's come in handy isolated from that, and was also a little fun to play with.
I'll let the NIMBYs know. We're still arguing about base stations.
I would guess the modern principle of disregard for disk space or memory usage :(
The install by xcode of a python3 binary in `/usr/bin` does not come with its own copy of pip3.

So either your command will fail to install or it will use a version of pip that is on PATH but was installed by some other version of python. So in either case you can't install a library into what you are mistakenly calling a system python.

So the original assertion was not true and you have not been able to make up an ex post justification for it.
Solar power is an order of magnitude cheaper than geothermal power.
No, that’s a property of how shells interpret argv[0], not a property of exec()
Show HN: Function Calling: Simplify Function Calling with Swift Macros
Hey HN!

I’ve just released a Swift macro called FunctionCalling that simplifies the process of making your Swift functions callable via LLM (Large Language Model) services like ChatGPT, Anthropic Claude, and others.

Have you ever been frustrated with writing repetitive boilerplate code to expose your Swift functions to these LLM services? FunctionCalling removes that hassle. With just two annotations, your functions are instantly ready to be called from these services. Here’s a quick overview:

- Annotation Power: Simply decorate your functions with `@CallableFunction` within a `@FunctionCalling`-marked struct or class.
- Auto-Generated Code: The macro handles all the heavy lifting, generating the necessary boilerplate so you don’t have to.
- LLM Integration: It works seamlessly with popular LLMs, allowing you to focus on the logic while the macro takes care of the API integration.

Check out this code snippet to see how easy it is:

```swift
@FunctionCalling(service: .claude)
struct MyFunctionTools: ToolContainer {
@CallableFunction
func getStockPrice(ticker: String) async throws -> String {
// Fetch and return the stock price
}
}
```

The macro will auto-generate the code to make this function callable externally. No more JSON headaches!

Supports popular LLM services
No more manual JSON creation
Instant API-ready functions

If you’re building tools or services that interact with LLMs or other APIs, this could save you a ton of time.

Check out the GitHub repo here[1] and let me know what you think! Feedback and contributions are more than welcome.

[1]: https://github.com/fumito-ito/FunctionCalling
What if they ban everything on the internet the way North Korea does? Would they be still free to start their own internet?