skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
GNU bc online: https://exaequos.com/?a=/usr/bin/bc
I have factual evidence once you add it they have root access.

I can't predict the future.
I wouldn't exceed 50 ng/ml because it will risk excessive calcium deposits where they don't belong, such as in the blood vessels. Moreover, 99% of the potential benefits would already have been realized at 50 ng/ml. This is also the level that was found to work for preventing severe Covid.
They're not even superficially better- a lot of them are worse.

And, at least when they called it electroshock everybody knew it was Russian roulette with the prize being a vegetable.
There's a paradox almost worth discussing somewhere, but not here.
I don't generally prefer to work on macOS, but if I wind up using macOS to do work, I often find myself working a lot on things in virtual machines and containers.

Using Docker Desktop to compile Envoy using the standard Docker build process took somewhere in the ball park of 3 to 4 hours depending on my luck. OrbStack, on the other hand, brought it down to a bit under an hour, much closer to inline with a fresh compilation natively. Needless to say, the kinds of performance benefits I was seeing with OrbStack were game changers, and absolutely justify the cost.

Even if Docker Desktop improves to match the performance, OrbStack brings basically the whole WSL2 + Docker experience to macOS, while Docker just brings the usual Docker experience. If you get the value of WSL2 on Windows, you'll probably understand the value of OrbStack on macOS.

Sure, macOS is a UNIX environment, so a lot of the same software as Linux does run natively. However, a lot of Linux technologies don't really map to Darwin, so if you're working on Linux stuff on your macOS machine, there are plenty of use cases for virtual machines (case in point, Docker itself) not to mention simply being able to test software and build processes on Linux. The tight integration that OrbStack gives you is far better than just using Parallels or VMware. I have licenses for both at varying versions, but they're largely collecting dust on macOS, as now I basically only ever use traditional virtual machine products on macOS for the purpose of running Windows VMs.

I'm sure some people don't have any use for this: their Docker performance is fine, they don't need Linux for anything else, etc. However, for me, it's one of those things that makes macOS much more usable for development work.
Isn’t that what the article specifically says lacks scientific support? Thus why the comment is hoping for primary sources.
The first stage is denial...
Same - my last couple of companies have used Thycotic/Delinea (self-hosted) and it seems fine from a user perspective.

For a small company you could probably use self-hosted Bitwarden - I use that for my family but I imagine it'd get pretty annoying after a certain number of users.
Ahh apologies.. addresser was not actually an actuary but uh a Librarian ???

(Lagniappe: attendee could be a wiktionary-approved contronym)

https://www.soa.org/4934ee/globalassets/assets/library/proce...

Possibly Hessean (Nietzschean, even), that swimming in Der Teich is quite contrary to survival..

(But not “immortality”?)
Basic arguments for hypocrisy about actual care about environment. Trend of making cars bigger and "safer" proofs, that consumers and car manufacturers dont care about fuel consumption and increasing pollution.
How often do you login? What makes it sticky for you?
Programming was a popular profession for women back then also, ironically enough, although not in the quantity of nursing and teaching.
The author works for an NGO called Stop US Arms to Mexico which is lobbying for several policy changes in the US to "reduce US legal gun sales to Mexico to pre-Merida Initiative (2007) levels".

This is the first time I hear about them and I'm not an expert on US law, so I don't know how effective would their proposals be, but at least discussing possible improvements is better than the defeatism that unfortunately dominates in both countries nowadays.

https://stopusarmstomexico.org/advocacy-policy-solutions/
Did it improve? Honest question as I haven't touched Windows since the late 90s because it was terrible (I went from Basic booting home computers to DOS to Unix to Linux and Mac OS X; I use mostly Linux still).
The parentheses are needed in LISP only because many functions have a variable number of operands, so that parentheses are needed to show where is the end of the list of operands.

In a language where all functions had a fixed number of operands, prefix notation (or function invocation in general) could be used without any parentheses.

Parentheses are also required for postfix notation when functions with variable number of operands are accepted (e.g. the sum of an arbitrary number of operands).
so in this world signal still knows I'm sending to N recipients? Or is the fanout happening in a different way?

I guess I'm wondering if Signal still basically has enough info to make good guesses at group existence.
Or the police could do that but somehow they can't seem to.
Funny how WSL2 makes Windows much more usable than macOS for development. None of the free options (colima, multipass, etc) I've tried on macOS are as smooth, though OrbStack might be it.

I have also moved towards using devcontainers for my projects whenever I can, so that I can spin up my environment on whatever machine I have, or connect to a remote one if the machine doesn't allow it.
Some previous discussion in 2020:

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=25546043
> In California that was passed in 1978, but other states have similar laws.

California is pretty unique with prop 13. No other state will as drastically limit property tax increases except maybe in very niche cases (eg elderly who are not rich).
for new register: password require at least 16 characters and contain: an uppercase letter, a lowercase letter, a number, and a symbol.
Its too complex for even Chrome built-in secure password generator to come up with, let alone a human.
Anyone here tired of social media? I’m almost 40. Just curious of my age group.
Okta boosts security with new identity management tools
Right, basically the generalization goes: Lie groups -> Lie group actions -> Lie groupoids. This is not a new observation (in fact Arnold’s fluid mechanics can be rephrased using lie groupoids https://tspace.library.utoronto.ca/bitstream/1807/91859/1/Fu..., and big names like Alan Weinstein have worked in that area). I don’t think the authors actually understand that story, so they very naively went groups -> group actions -> monads. If it went that way someone in mathematical physics or optimization would have stumbled onto other concrete examples. But they haven’t, because it doesn’t.
Presumably that is 1M people in the database, I'm curious to know how many active users who sign in once a day, once a week.

In essence, how big is the community versus how many people have stepped in the front door once.
With LLMs I've managed to ignore these issues so far on my django app with 100+ views and 50+ models. So yeah, I get that for free. My app is more complex than a simple CRUD app, but still at least 90% CRUD.

The benefits far outweigh the disadvantages.
Running at 20% optimization means certain death or at best zombification for startups that haven’t reached escape velocity so there’s that
How much of the 1M is the bots they found? Hopefully none, but that’s a big number of humans.
:D Still a rad photo! Like refresher never hurt nobody
The term 'reason' is being overloaded here.

The type of 'reason' a cat uses is different from the 'reason' used in math

The information a cat uses is incomplete whereas the information used in math and logic is theoretically all accessible.

The reasoning a cat uses allows for inconsistencies with its model because of its use of incomplete information whereas no inconsistencies are permissible in math and logic.

Formally speaking, math uses deductive reasoning whereas the cat uses abductive reasoning.
> Large Language Model algorithms do not reason.

My belief is that what LLMs do is best described as approximating the outputs of reasoning. This is different from reasoning itself and also different from simply regurgitating the most similar training examples.

I also think it's extremely challenging for people to understand the significance of LLM output because language is intertwined with meaning. So if you construct a valid and seemingly responsive sequence of words in response to a prompt, there is a strong illusion of purpose behind those words, even if they were assembled in a completely naive fashion.
> In one of my computer engineering classes, I learned that power consumption rises as the square of clock frequency - so doubling the clock will quadruple the power.

This is not quite correct.
Switching power of a chip (ignoring static leakage) is proportional to voltage squared times frequency.
Most chips require a higher voltage to reach higher clock speeds, so there is a quadratic relationship there.
However, I believe that the raspberry pi does not have dynamic voltage control, so reducing clock speed without also reducing voltage will not effect total switching energy consumption.
it probably was designed that way because the original way of letting the LLM respond directly and make promises led to people asking for 100% discounts, for unreasonable refunds or other weird edge cases that ruined the business!
>> A popular LLM joke at the moment is "How many Rs in strawberry?"

> ChatGPT answer: There are two "R"s in the word "strawberry."

Given enough instances of the "LLM joke" in a training data set, the joke itself having a consistent form (sequence of tokens) and likely followed by the answer having a similarly consistent form (sequence of tokens), the probability of the latter being produced as quoted is high.
> Boomer parents spoiled their kids

That’s just so untrue I don’t know where to start. Our boomer parents invented the latch key kid, we were often basically thrown to the wolves at 18. Now as a Gen X parent, I’m not sure if I’m spoiling the kid or not, he is only 7.
Uh oh! Better not teach your children math! Lol
Agreed :joy
Scaling/cold-boot time is the real concern IMO no the cost
Large customers that require a purchase order would still do bank transfer.
Direct link https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AW7ZHpKuqZg
Wood is surprisingly long-lasting in reasonably dry environments as long as fire does not consume it.

Norway still has more than a dozen wooden churches built in the 1100s-1200s, and on farms in the inland there are more wood buildings dating back several hundred years than we can count.
> None of the free options (colima, multipass, etc) I've tried on macOS are as smooth, though OrbStack might be it.

Yes, I am generally not terribly impressed by colima. Of course, it's great to have as an option, but in practice I ran into issues trying to use it in various places. One issue that I am sure isn't a huge deal to most users is that as far as I could tell, colima did not support IPv6.

I didn't try multipass, but I did try Podman Desktop. It had its niceities but largely was behind even Docker Desktop.

If you really miss WSL2 on macOS, you might genuinely find OrbStack enticing. Then again, it's not free, and obviously, I don't want to give anyone false hope. For "home" use, I just run desktop Linux, using native containers and libvirt for everything. If I had to pay for a decent development experience on my personal machines, I would definitely struggle to justify a subscription charge even if it was good. On the flip side, it's easy to budget OrbStack into the equation for professional use. For your employer it's virtually a no-brainer.
> Reasoning was the process I went through to ...

That's not a useful definition for judging whether LLMs reason or not. It's not something we can measure on an objective level and introduces another concept of intent which is just as vague as reasoning.

Specifically, an LLM can produce a similar message to what you posted. Everything else about that process is not defined well enough to differentiate you.
Anthropic publishes Claude's system prompt
> I wondered why a custom kernel came so late. If you want to optimize, wouldn't you start with LFS or some source-based distribution? Autonomous software updates don't seem to be a necessity anyway on such a device.

Buildroot (which they used) is made exactly for this.
With buildroot, you configure your own "Distribution" and generate a single bootable image from it.

> In addition, I wonder if it would be possible to optimize the EFI/BIOS on such a device. At least on my standard Arch Linux desktop, it takes a significant amount of boot time:

Not exactly sure about raspberry pi hardware, but a lot of other embedded SoCs have a pretty minimal bootloader that runs with u-boot, which is typically very fast (at least if you set the delay it waits for user input to 0)
This could be a good first contribution to Bitwarden for me or anyone really.

Do you mean the browser extension search feature?

Thanks for pointing it out.
Stora Enso has 20000 employees and roots in the 13th century. In the 17th centry Stora produced two thirds of all copper in the world.

"The oldest preserved share in the Swedish copper mining company Stora Kopparberg (Falun Mine) in Falun was issued in 1288. It granted the Bishop of Västerås 1/8th (12.5%) ownership, and it is also the oldest known preserved share in any company in the world."

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stora_Enso
[dupe]

Discussion: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=41356528
Most third parties weren't able to explore the PS2 properly, until Sony had to go through a revamp of their SDK, and collaborated with Gran Turism folks to show what was actually possible.
> Discord is very much disliked, but the software is really good and that is why most people won't abandon it

I dislike every single one of discord's design decisions, I think the software is garbage, and it is riddled with security problems. Their customer service is a nightmare, a hacker got one of my friends accounts and even though he'd paid up for some kind of Discord extra service for more than 2 years in advance they wouldn't refund him or give him his account back. The API is bad too.

I use it purely because of the network effect. The people I want to communicate with use it, and the instant that changes if Discord isn't better then I'm out.
It sees embeddings that is trained to encode semantic meanings.

The way we tokenize is just a design choice. Character level models(e.g. karpathy's nanoGPT) exist and are used for educational purpose. You can train it to count number of 'r' in a word.

https://x.com/karpathy/status/1816637781659254908?lang=en
The depth here can be context dependent. For example if you had a bunch of brackets and parens in your grammar, you might only care about paren depth. Or if your language had brackets and parens and function definitions, your "expression depth" might ignore function definitions (or even reset at a function definition boundary if you have inner functions!)
Going to make a few things hidden on small screen sizes
How the Tories Lost Britain
Gift link
https://www.nytimes.com/2024/08/29/magazine/uk-politics-tori...
"Such hearts, such brains, would be unable to comprehend that one's attachment to a masterpiece may be utterly overwhelming, especially when it is the underside of the weave that entrances the beholder and only begetter, whose own past intercoils there with the fate of the innocent author."
--- Nabokov, "Pale Fire"
How trade may have worked in the ancient times is one of the most fascinating aspects about history for me. There is the Nebra sky disc[1], which is estimated to be 3500 years old. The gold seems to have come from Cornwall/England, the Copper came from Austria, and the disc itself may have been manufactured in Anatolia. This is not halfway around the world, but I wonder who did those trades. Was it individual adventurers or something like armies bringing the materials from one place to another? Was there an existing trade network in place?

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nebra_sky_disc
In which case, Reddit is the author, publisher and distributor, and cannot claim any protection from libel or defamation suits
i have been slowly designing a fantasy retro terminal/computer idea. imagine something uncomplicated enough that kids could learn the entire architecture on, without the diatractability for the web. and maybe a fantasy network that would be more like what could have happened if we extended fidonet out instead of getting IP (overlayed on the modern internet of course)
All that effort to make a weird "feature" that no user actually wanted. The reason it took them all that work to do is that the assumption that you wouldn't reorder seasons was baked into the architecture. For the engineers that designed it was just unthinkable, and for good reason.
I think about it this way:

A state is an identifier for a sequence of "atomically" changing values.

By "atomically" I mean before/after an event is handled end-to-end.
So some kind of... individual apoptosis?

I think that hypothesis would need more support in terms of some kind of, er, cancerous outcome being the alternative.
My favorite thing about BlueSky is I can be my domain: @bradgessler.com.
We did. I don't think we comprehended how others would use it for their own commercial gain.
Hmm that still recommends that distros allow admins to install to /usr/local, albeit in such a way that it at least can't break the OS.

IMO the idea that a 'Linux admin' is better informed than a 'Linux user' is increasingly anachronistic. In most cases the admin is just the user running sudo. I'd suggest that such functionality should be enabled by installing some kind of OS package rather than being the default
From 1.2: Nowadays, this drug is involved in 1/5 of overdose deaths across the world and had a retail value in 2020 of 1.5 billion dollars in the second largest illegal drug market. Yet, there is very little hard evidence of when people started consuming this plant in Europe.

Potential factual correction: 1.5 billion seems to be underselling it considerably.
> How does citibank know that the account at GS has the money to cover this transfer?

At the moment this is all handled with Swift, and I’m not sure you what you gain from adding ZKPs. Depending on the transaction you might send a Swift MT799 with a pre-advice letter, a proof of funds letter, or a blocked funds letter. Again depending on what you’re doing you might need a MT760 to send a bank guarantee or some sort of letter of credit, and finally a MT103 to initiate the actual transfer of funds.

At this point your counter party risk lies with the banking institution itself, and their willingness and ability to complete the transactions they have legally committed to, rather than the account holder, and this risk doesn’t go away with the addition of ZKPs.
You're right, my brain farted somewhere in the middle.
Continually testing our product with smoke tests
>The people of Sudan were some of the kindest and friendliest I have ever encountered on the planet.

Then why the fuck are they killing each other in a bloody civil war?
For the reasons already explained there.
What if https://mathgenealogy.org , which purports to document who was bitten by whom, is a fraud? All mathematicians are actually vampires, and to cover their tracks they periodically "die" (stop publishing under a given name) and pretend to be someone else's "student" (starting publishing under a new name). This hypothesis would certainly explain the mathematicians' conceit ("recall...") that, instead of learning knowledge, we are just remembering what our souls once knew.
The md-to-html demo is a good one, but worth mentioning that the Markdown parser[1] being used may not be suitable for more complex documents. From the README:

> "...it is not recommended to use this parser where correctness is important. The main goal for this parser is to provide syntactical information for syntax highlighting..."

There's also a separate block-level and inline parser, not sure how `tbsp` handles nested or multi-stage parsing.

[1]: https://github.com/tree-sitter-grammars/tree-sitter-markdown
It sounds a bit like a grift these days; investors want you to invest millions in infinite scaling ops 'because good' so you don't get the big money if you don't so you do, wether you may ever need it or not.

Almost every startup can run their entire lifetime on a $4 vps and have the same outcome if it wasn't for the required (...) vc moneys.
Is the underlying kernel emulated in QEMU?
I've just successfully chatted to ChatGPT about equivalence or at least high similarities between QFT, neural networks and cellular automata (referencing Wofram's work). Does that pattern matching count?
And GNU is notorious for their use of yacc. Even gnulib functions like parse_datetime (primarily used to power the date command) rely on a yacc generated parser.
It looks like most of this centuries-long companies are family owned which sort of explains why do they survive all sorts of extreme political and economic changes that would otherwise break most companies. But it would be interesting to see if there's an actual study to explain this.
Show HN: Rpggo AI Gaming Platform
Develop Multi-modal engine for game, enriching every simple thought into interactive and immersive Role Playing Game.
AMD 128-core Zen 5-based 2X faster than 128-core predecessor
My eyecrometers measured dozens of people arrive in the rooms, state they avoided jail under prop 36, then stayed clean for more than a couple of years. That was just my observation attending 2-4 meeting weekly in a region with over 1000 weekly meetings. Wasn’t the same for everyone on that program of course. During that time we were starting new meetings to accommodate new people. We aren’t growing at the same rate any more.
Why Some People Are Paying to Be Left on a Desert Island – Alone
Any sources on this ?
> Sooner or later you come across something you need and there is no library for it. Then you are forced to start messing around with FFI and whatnot.

I agree that it's always a little risky to bet on a young language. But I think Gleam is doing a good job of positioning itself as a smaller risk by sitting on the tried-and-true BEAM virtual machine and Javascript runtimes. If worst comes to worst you could export your compiled Gleam as Erlang or JS and it's quite readable.

And Gleam's FFI with Erlang, Elixir and Javascript is pretty good. I don't think it will take long for a wide variety of packages from those platforms to become available on the Gleam package manager. Doing your own FFI is hardly intimidating - it's essentially just writing type definitions for the functions you need.

Another factor giving me hope is that the language appears to be mostly 'done'. The author has carefully considered a minimal feature set and appears to be sticking to it, making it one of the simplest (typed) languages I've ever used syntax-wise. I think this bodes well for future growth, stability and maintainability.
Police serves a different purpose: it protects the society order as a whole, it's a defense against anarchy. For personal security you'd need to hire someone with authority to kill, a member of the police basically, but that's not an option unless you're rich. In the US not only rich are allowed to have personal security.
We use a custom virtualization stack instead of QEMU. It makes a lot of performance and stability improvements possible.
The problem with wsl2 is that it not only requires a virtual machine, but also uses the windows kernel, not the linux kernel
DO is crazy expensive compared to all big EU hosters; we run servers at ovh and hetzner for decades; no issues, but, and this does make a difference even though people keep saying it does not on reddit, I speak german and french and I call them when I need something.
This article is a perfect illustration of why Webapps will never be as good as native ones. Webapps are always "untrusted" code so they are arbitrarily and artificially restricted from accessing resources on your local machine.