skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
It's funny that you mention Lit, because, to me, it is a good example of why classes are the wrong abstractions for UI.

My go-to example is the Reactive Controller [1]. Some of the following concerns may seem minor in this simple example, but from experience with similar class based Frameworks, I know that they significantly contribute to accidental complexity as the interface grows:

- secondary state such as the timer handle pollutes the class members since the setup- and cleanup functions are separate members rather than the former returning the latter.

- it doesn't handle the timeout changing. Even in this tiny example, that would require bit of a refactor.

- state is declared far away from where it is actually needed.

- it takes about twice as many LOCs as the same code in React. Explicit code is not necessarily bad, but even in this small example it detracts from the readability compared to the React version [2].

- we need to manually trigger the re-render rather than the app keeping track of it for us.

- ...and where other Frameworks can at least argue performance since their reactive primitives are usually more fine-grained, Lit can't. Every controller can only trigger a re-render of the entire component. It might actually be worse, since there's no built-in way for memoization.

I will admit that, at first glance, the class system has an universal appeal. It's familiar and does indeed seem easier to reason about as you can clearly see the relationship between events and subsequent changes. But the only reason why we turned to other abstractions in the first place, was that classes turn to spaghetti really quickly as you have to manually keep track of the exponentially increasing amount of state transitions.

On a related note, I'm (genuinely) unsure if classes were a good abstraction in the first place. They come with a ton of extra keywords and concepts in every language. And in Typescript, their use-cases can usually be accomplished with functions, closures and type-inference. They work well for storing state in memory, but we don't usually need the state in memory. State is usually stored in databases, local-storage, search params etc... In-memory state is frequently used for caching purposes, and these are can be easily abstracted away.

[1]: https://lit.dev/docs/composition/controllers/

[2]:

export function useClock(timeout: number) {
const [value, setValue] = useState(new Date())

useEffect(() => {
const timerId = setInterval(timeout, () => {
setValue(new Date()
})

return () => clearInterval(timerId)
}, [timeout])

return value
}
Ask HN: What Are the Global Capitals for Specific Industries or Niche Interests?
Curious minds of HN,

I'm looking to learn about what the semi-unknown "capitals" of various industries or niche interests around the world are. These could be cities that serve as the hub, epicenter, or primary gathering place for a specific sector or community, whether mainstream or obscure.

For example, I have the following (personal and not referenced) obvious examples in mind:

- Finance = New York

- Tech Startups = San Francisco

- Hobby Robotics = Tokyo

- Jazz Music = New Orleans

- Vegas = Professional Poker

Less obvious or more niche examples could be:

- The go-to city for Indie Film production?

- Board Game design capital?

- The global center for Biohacking enthusiasts?

What are the cities that you think best represent an industry, subculture, or unique interest? Bonus points for examples that aren't immediately obvious.

Looking forward to your insights.
No, you just need to observe the timings, and only of the first and last segments of the communication

Western nations will probably have access to them in most cases, at least for traffic originating and ending in one of them
Signal Facing Collapse After CIA Cuts Funding (2023)
Wow. Thanks for sharing this. I just had no idea or might have just deleted this from my mind. Now I see why they died out. I didn't know YC was involved so much.
Signal works just fine, but Signal Desktop doesn't bring over old messages, since they're not stored in the cloud.

Given the number of data breaches the world experiences, I don't want every message thread I'm in available in plaintext on some company's servers. Just imagine an AI processing every conversation you've ever had.
Confused? Alternatives to Elasticsearch are

- https://www.meilisearch.com/

- https://typesense.org/

- https://manticoresearch.com/

and maybe

- https://github.com/Sygil-Dev/whoosh-reloaded
Lenses are different from kagi small web. I encourage you to read the docs on both.

You are replying on someone explaining lenses which is something google had something similar in the past when they allowed power users to control search.

https://help.kagi.com/kagi/features/lenses.html

https://blog.kagi.com/small-web
Is there anything else than DuckDB for Modern GIS? [video]
And non-engineer are driven by which emotions ?

The entire article considers engineer to be fundamentally different than « normal people ».

Here is the trick: we aren’t. People like concrete arguments as much as we do. People buy product they like as much as we do. People like to play with stuff before buying as much as we do.

We ain’t special folks.
Japan is already known for its aging population plus a low birth rate. The article mentions many of them were old, and of course older people have their friends and family die off, and move around less frequently. The low birth rate means fewer connections to a younger generation.

So for japan, and later the world, yeah - this might go up.
I independently invented something similar around 1993 inside the scheduler of a threading implementation. I wanted to have a priority scheme whereby the ratios of priority values determined the amount of CPU quanta given to the thread. E.g. a priority 5 thread would twice the CPU time compared to a priority 10.

I called the algorithm "appointment calendar". Threads were scheduled in a calendar, with the lower priority threads (higher value) getting appointments farther in the future. The scheduler just marched through the calendar in order, taking the appointments.
Let's turn the surveillance apparati on the legislators first and ensure perfect behavior from them. Then we can talk about the general public
Just like people holding box-like things to their ear in photos from 1910 are not showing someone with an early iPhone, things in Jobs' office from long ago are not always Vision Pro cameras or whatever.

We're just projecting.
Please do consider it! I would love to have this feature in emacs and would be willing to write an implementation if this bit was done.
Interesting, it was literally exactly 10 years ago Anand announced his exit.

https://www.anandtech.com/show/8456/the-road-ahead
That's Simpson's paradox!

You can take data where as a whole presses lead to more purchases. Then split it into two halves (like mobile vs desktop) and show that on both halves presses lead to fewer purchases.

The whole paradox is that the intuition we have for averages doesn't apply to correlations.

I suggest checking out the Wikipedia page.
> The companies actually paying for the kernel development want Rust. That's a matter of fact.

This is news to me. Are there any actual grants or contracts that stipulate this? Can you provide any links to that effect?

> Just see who's sponsoring the Linux Foundation, and check what they said elsewhere about their long term commitment to Rust.

Is it the same people at these corporations? Are you assuming companies with five or six figures of employees have a unified stance on this? Or anything? If there was such a commitment to Rust, why not pull funding and cut a check to Redox? Or shift funds gradually over time? This is a head-scratching statement.

> The main sponsors would likely just fork Linux should Rust be removed again.

This is an asinine take. Three decades and millions of lines of code will not be simply forked overnight. These are the kinds of veiled threats that need to stop, especially when attached to such delusional levels of toxic wishful thinking.

Arguing in bad faith is destructive to the overall conversation.
Building RAG with Frameworks? Great. Deploying Them for End Users? Not So Much
I've been working on various Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) projects for a while now, and I've noticed a common pattern: creating the pipeline isn't the hard part anymore. With the growth of frameworks and libraries, setting up a RAG pipeline to handle document retrieval, vector embeddings, and LLM generation is quite straightforward. The tools are there, the codebase is cleaner, and we have better control over the data flow.

But the real challenge comes when you want to put these pipelines in the hands of actual users. Integrating RAG into a user-facing application is far from straightforward. It involves a lot of custom integration work, UI development, backend scaling, handling user interactions, and ensuring the system remains responsive and efficient. And let’s be honest, this is a pain point for most of us who just want to focus on building smarter AI-driven applications.

This is where a RAG SaaS solution comes in. Imagine just plugging your existing pipeline into a platform and having a user-ready application out of the box. No more spending weeks (or even months) building out a custom UI or dealing with the nitty-gritty of server-side optimization. You can deploy, iterate, and share a fully functioning application with your end users or stakeholders in a fraction of the time.

I believe this kind of SaaS approach can dramatically speed up the cycle of innovation for anyone working on RAG solutions. It lets us do what we love—focusing on refining the model, the data retrieval techniques, and the overall pipeline—without getting bogged down in the labor-intensive process of turning it into a production-ready app.

Would love to hear thoughts from others who’ve faced similar hurdles. Is the future of RAG about better pipelines, or better ways to deploy them?
In TLS 1.3 server certs are encrypted. And while browsers support ECH (Encrypted Client Hello) to encrypt SNI, almost no server supports it. Cloudflare has ECH disabled globally for some "issues" they do not disclose [1].

[1] https://developers.cloudflare.com/ssl/edge-certificates/ech/
Time for another round of this old story, eh? It's difficult to take this at all seriously when I've been hearing versions of the same complaint my whole life.

What's new, and better, is that the products you can buy in a legal store have labels which tell you what's in them, and you can now make informed decisions about what you ingest.
Those are at the price point where other options like enterprise mini pc make more sense
Terahertz frequencies have an awful range, even worse than millimeter 5G.

It's brilliant marketing : you can advertise insane lab speeds, and sell way more antenna towers because decent coverage is harder to achieve.
This is a very sad day. Along the way in my life and career I had a brief stint building custom computers for other people, and I spent quite a lot of time getting into overclocking for myself. Those journeys and my interest in computer hardware, performance, security, and how that impacted systems was heavily influenced by gaming and by the community that surrounded it. Most of the places I used to haunt are long gone, but through all that AnandTech was always around. It's the first place I go when I want to learn about a piece of hardware, and now it's gone.

I am happy at least that there are others trying to carry the torch. Gamer's Nexus, Chips and Cheese, and a few small blogs here and there are still trying to dig into the nitty gritty of computer hardware in a way that's not only approachable, but accurate, without all the marketing BS. It's unfortunate though that it's so hard to make something like this survive.
> If everyone started using S3 for this purpose, they would shut it down pretty quickly

I work at AWS but not on the S3 service team. (Opinions are entirely my own.)

I have little doubt that the team already considered this possibility before releasing the feature. The choice to make new functionality available in a service is considered a “one-way door” that receives a tremendous amount of scrutiny. Once a feature is made available, they will do everything they can to support it as long as possible, even at the cost of convenience to themselves. And even de-emphasized services (keep the lights on) are rarely deprecated completely - existing accounts and customers already using them can frequently continue to do so.
"I think that "kick men out completely" is hyperbole, but the "one-sided thinking" is spot-on."

When you make it clear that you don't want a group there, eventually that group will leave.
Huge fan of SDL generally.

When I went looking for a cross-platform gaming library, SDL and its API struck the right balance for me. I just wanted a C (++) library I could call to create windows and graphical contexts — a fast sprite rendering framework. I didn't need a whole IDE or a bloated library, didn't want to learn a new language, etc.
"seamless" iframes were meant to, right? Don't know what happened to that.
No full time managers at 37Signals
This is ludicrous. Media Matters provided evidence to back their claims. There's no legitimate question of whether they lied about them or knowingly published incorrect statements. Their assertion, demonstrated, is that Twitter ran ads for major companies next to horrifically racist content. This isn't really disputed past Musk basically saying "uh-uh did not!"

This lawsuit is purely about shutting down criticism.
I don’t see in anyway how it would defeat the purpose especially considering it certainly does use XDP [1] for everything it doesn’t have a driver for and you can opt for it instead of an existing driver if you actually want to have something performant.

Also, "no" about what? DPDK doesn’t just expose the PCIE device to user land. There is what you call the yak shaving with memory and then it also has a full driver from the NIC so you can actually you know do networking.

[1] https://doc.dpdk.org/guides/nics/af_xdp.html
And honestly, don't forget Steam Decks. Refurbished or otherwise. They truly are amazing machines for the price. And a cheap dock to hook up to a TV, keyboard, and mouse. A cheap set of 8bitdo controllers... And you're rocking and rolling.

I'm doing a dual-boot into a 128 GB Steam Deck image I found with... many... retro games on it. The website looked like hot garbage and I had to make an account to have access to download... but... very well made image.
Looks more like a question than a comment.
I gather you are outside the US, so my solution likely doesn't apply. For those in the US, check your local library's digital offerings.

Libraries in some larger cities will let you have a guest/out-of-town library card for a fee, which is often far less than the cost of subscribing to the digital content the library offers.
Yeah the real power of Emacs that keeps me with it is the packages and community surrounding it. Org is irreplaceable to me. I use Calc all the time, and Magit even more. The GUI and the associated ability of having different fonts and font sizes at the same time, with embedded images and whatnot, makes it feel capable as more than just a text editor. Heck, I even browse Gemini with Elpher inside Emacs. Also the discoverability of everything within Emacs itself is unparalleled.

If Lem is eventually able to replicate these things (or even improve them), I'll have no problem switching.
I mean if you wrote it purely in assembler, or pacman inside of Excel, or in a fun and interesting way. Purely functional, provably correct. There are lots of reasons to share it with others.
Yeah, the SSO gates are common and borderline criminal. "The only way you can use our software is insecurely"
All the same, with kids, most of your days are your "off days" (not enough sleep or rest or energy), but you aren't really entitled to them.

My solution has been to move to more of a supporting role (engineering manager, or architect or similar).

Basically, if you are unavailable (as in not very productive), things still move along and happen, even if a bit suboptimally.
I sometimes have to use DDG when I'm in private browsing mode (I don't feel like setting it up for Kagi), and have noticed that DDG has become complete junk. Not only does it seem to be highly sanitized but it's full of crappy results. Yeah, every search engine has bad results, especially The Google, but DDG has seen the sharpest decline in quality. I used to be a fan!
> If the information on the blockchain contradicts a denial communication e/mailed to the patient, it will be an easy win in court.

And you will understand that how? As a person who is no an expert in medicine.

> There are numerous blockchain explorer websites that catalog the data and conveniently query+format it for display.

So you've got yourself hundreds of pages of medical data and decisions. Now what?

> The rules and claims and diagnosis codes both go on the blockchain. The client software executes the rules

Ah yes. The magical rules that exists just because there's blockchain. And there's magical software that can easily execute those rules just because blockchain. Because as we all know, all medical data and decisions are input into systems in easily digestible machine-readable formats and all the machine-executable rules are there.

Funny how none of that exists now, but will somehow magically appear the moment you say "blockchain".

> It is obvious that you're operating 100% in bad faith.

The only thing that's obvious is that the vast majority of blockchain proponents assume their opponents operates in bad faith the moment their opponents ask questions rooted in reality, and not in wishful thinking.

> your experience of having to deal with experts and attorneys has ruined you from seeing beyond it.

I've never dealt with experts or attorneys when it comes to medicine.

I've read enough of simple non-complicated descriptions of such simple things done to me like routine dental checkups and removal of a non-malignant tumor to see through any of the fairy tales you're trying to sell.

--- Edit ---

> https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2585683/

> More than half of the physicians in this study reported engaging in some questionable hospital chart documentation practices. Many of the physicians reported using charting practices that would be considered unacceptable (e.g. charting prior to seeing the patient or without seeing the patient on the day of charting).

> The pressures that may influence physicians to engage in questionable documentation practices are numerous, including reimbursement regulations, time-constraints, fear of litigation, and quality audits.

> ... fear of litigation and the threat of malpractice liability have been cited as reasons why physicians alter their clinical behavior and practice defensive medicine

lol good luck with your "blockchain is the source of all truth and it's easy to run the rules on some client software"

I'm definitely not interested to continue this conversation, as it devolves into a well know pattern of blockchain-related delusions.

Adieu.
I've had good and bad managers, and the best ones were always ones that were good at doing something. Even if it was something less related to what I did on the day to day it's nicest when someone levels me up vs mostly being the communication glue between me and the rest of the company.
Do they often need to type? If they're not composing long letters or programming, maybe keyboarding just isn't the useful skill it was back when IT was new and a big deal? It's like their version of cursive.

They're growing up in a world where AI can already write better than the majority of their peers (and probably teachers and bosses) anyway...

For occasional writing, phones seem fine? I just measured my phone typing and it wasn't that slow, 70wpm with autocorrect/swiping. Probably the phone natives are much faster? The days of manually writing long things will probably soon be behind us anyway...
So Many Silver Landmines
> Or is Sweden more averse to questionable cases than the US?

Formally I think it is. A Swedish public prosecutor should not prosecute unless they “can look forward to a conviction”. So formally, they should not try a case where they are not relatively confident that the court will convict.

Also, Sweden doesn’t have a jury system. There are “amateur judges” (“nämndemän”). In the first court (“tingsrätten”) the case is typically heard by one magistrate and two “amateur judges”. But on appeal it’s typically three magistrates and two “amateur judges”. Finally, the court has to explain its reasoning in a written verdict. In combination this makes it harder to get convictions in complicated cases with circumstantial evidence.
How are you beholden when you still have the id card?
In 1990, Pfizer and CalBio subsidiary MetaBio abandoned GLP-1 drug development despite showing efficacy and holding patents. Pfizer misjudged the market for injectable diabetes drugs. CalBio redirected focus to a heart failure treatment. This decision preceded successful GLP-1 development by other companies by a decade. Novo Nordisk later succeeded with GLP-1 after research starting in 1992.
I have not used anything but Linux for years. From what I see and hear about modern Windows, I don't know how people can stand it - but many clearly do.
Venue shopping should be illegal. Musk, and many other SLAAP plantiffs, routinely choose this judge because they know it's one of the few districts these cases won't be dismissed outright because of judge O’Connor.
A team of four PhDs + seven other academics manage to unfold a single protein in an egg white using a "vortex fluid device" to produce a Couette flow, heat treatment, dilution in phosphate-buffered saline, dissolution in ureal, use of recombinant proteins, etc., etc.,

Meanwhile, my four-year old niece can boil a dozen eggs in the time it took me to read their paper.

I think it's still accurate to say unboiling an egg is "difficult"!
> Educators sometimes assume Gen Z digital natives already know how to type because they’re so familiar with tech.

There are no digital natives. I've been quite taken aback at the lack of basic computer literacy in teenagers and people in their early twenties.

They're not really understanding what they're doing. For the most part they're merely consumers of online products.
Difficult to look down upon people who are positioning themselves above others (know what you need better than yourself, power of influencing into what they sell, revenue/benefit ratio, deceiving undetected, etc.), but this way when we look up all that we see are a bunch of asses. ; )
I would push back some. Humans have communicated orally long before writing and lectures / interviews / discussions remain highly effective.

After all, not everyone was in favor of the pulp that churned from mass-market printing presses.

However, I can certainly imagine a voice-enabled LLM trained on European History that students could learn a lot from. People have been printing books for 500+ years, but we’ve really only gotten into user-generated video within the past 10 years.

Throughout my childhood video was really quite time-consuming to produce. It largely still is. If we can continue get that friction down, then over time I expect we’ll se more and more valuable video content being produced.
Sounded like 2 alarms and low fuel!
By ‘force’ I think they mean ‘fire them if they refuse to relocate’