skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
You could get rufus to answer questions about python code though!
That's a popular myth because people don't want to tip, but tipping definitely gets workers like bartenders and waiters paid much more than otherwise. It also wouldn't really work in several states (like all West Coast states) because there's no tipped minimum wage.
You are mis-reading the result. As quoted above:

> We then calculate the demand-side value based on a replacement value for each firm that uses the software and would need to build it internally if OSS did not exist. We estimate ... that the demand-side value is much larger at $8.8 trillion

But details like a 1000x change in estimate aside, saying it couldn't be done is not quantifiable. At least a dollar figure can be reasoned about.
for when one expects a list to be non-empty, i think there’s strong argument in favor of an enforcement from the type checker, given that the prove will very likely be necessary. if not in the application code then in the tests.
1. What hate?

2. Saying all SaaS are wrappers is a wrong assumption. A service company provides a service of sorts via the medium of software. Take a CRM, it's a system to aggregate contacts, leads, deals etc. and their interaction in some sales pipeline. There might be 3rd party services integrated but the service itself is not a wrapper. You could be cheeky and say you are wrapping a SQL database but then every software written is a wrapper. So?

3. This is the real kicker: It's a question of dependency. If your entire business is completely dependent on another company, you've already failed. In the early days of Facebook's ads api, I had an ad-tech startup that managed ads in bulk on Facebook and later Instagram etc. Facebook was our "partner". Our "friend". They took us to dinner and sent us flowers. We had money, success, the lot. Until one day, our partner becomes our number 1 competitor. And thus an entire industry imploded.
iPhone wrapper: flashlight app

not iPhone wrapper: Uber
I've had good experience with pypdf, if you're willing to do a little coding.
Using EV as grid storage is not feasible. One, many vehicles are used for business, utilities, and public transit. So they'll be driven during the day, and charged at night. This is going to increase load during hours of non-production, the opposite of storage. Two, no san grid operator is going to accept a situation where much of their storage capacity will just drive away for vacation, or in anticipation of a disaster. The predicted exponential rise is still an order of magnitude less than the scale required, and the vast majority of it is not going to grid storage.

Wind is subject to intermittency, too. It's not a magic bullet that eliminates storage. Unless you're overprovisioning wind by a factor of 10 (in which case it's not cheap anymore), you'll still have weeks-long stretches where there is insufficient energy.

Hydro is really the only non-intermittent carbon-free energy source besides geothermal and nuclear power. The reality is that wind and solar are only cheap in the context of a non-intermittent source that can fill in for the intermittency of renewable production. Running a minority of your grid on solar and wind, supplementing gas plants is one thing. Running a grid mostly wind and solar is totally different beast.
Several thoughts for future work:

1. Continue training on all of the games that used the Doom engine to see if it is capable of creating new graphics, enemies, weapons, etc. I think you would need to embed more details for this perhaps information about what is present in the current level so that you could prompt it to produce a new level from some combination.

2. Could embedding information from the map view or a raytrace of the surroundings of the player position help with consistency? I suppose the model would need to predict this information as the neural simulation progressed.

3. Can this technique be applied to generating videos with consistent subjects and environments by training on a camera view of a 3D scene and embedding the camera position and the position and animation states of objects and avatars within the scene?

4. What would the result of training on a variety of game engines and games with different mechanics and inputs be? The space of possible actions is limited by the available keys on a keyboard or buttons on a controller but the labelling of the characteristics of each game may prove a challenge if you wanted to be able to prompt for specific details.
That's a very dismissive view point. I guess technically all software is just a wrapper around some other software or libraries that's a wrapper around the language that's just a wrapper around assembly instructions.

As for 'GPT wrappers', I haven't seen many mentions of this. It might be more common in non-technical circles where people downplay the role of 'AI' in the marketing. I don't see it as a negative if the product does something else in addition to AI. I have noticed many products only doing AI and then you could use the AI wrapper term negatively because they're so easy to recreate using existing free AI products.
Luckily, we’ve overloaded the work kernel, so yes—we can all agree that every program is a kernel calls. Every useful program is just a fancy wrapper around DGEMM kernels.
I think it's possible AI models will generate dynamic UI for each client and stream the UI to clients (maybe eventually client devices will generate their UI on the fly) similar to Google Stadia. Maybe some offset of video that allows the remote to control it. Maybe Wasm based - just stream wasm bytecode around? The guy behind VLC is building a library for ulta low latency: https://www.kyber.video/techology.

I was playing around with the idea in this: https://github.com/StreamUI/StreamUI. Thinking is take the ideas of Elixir LiveView to the extreme.
iced is beautiful. you can write a fully featured GUI app running at ~40MB memory
But the nonempty list never has an element, so we don't need to worry about the type mutation of removing an element from it. Filter just returns a nonempty list.
> Isn't all SaaS just wrappers?

Hahahahahah*gasp*ahahahah! Oh, I almost wish that were true!

My current workplace? There's stuff like a custom flowchart-language, with pseudo-programs that differ for each customer and have to match their implicit remote business rules. It talks to dozens of different APIs of other products of which a given customer might use a few, and each have their own unique insanities, like breaking HTTP specs, or falling over with just a little traffic so that we need our own caching layers.

Then there are some revenue-generating features that are basically custom-glue logic for synchronization and hand-offs between those client-systems, because not all clients are able/willing to develop a nice one-stop centralized management system of their own as a precondition of doing business with us and using our primary features.

> Not sure why these "GPT Wrapper" companies are getting so much hate.

Because they are that kind of lame shovelware and thin wrappers designed to extract money from the confused.
The "hate" is for apps that only pre-package the GPT with a pre-written prompt and don't do much else. And the reason is, I think, because simply making a prompt template is usually not a significant enough value-add except for the most untechnical users. Most users can solve their problems just chatting with the GPT directly.

To get to the first part of your question: no. Every SaaS I've worked on for instance has included months if not years of creating intellectual property (often from scratch) so that the user's are receiving significant value over what they could do themselves.

Jealousy aside, I think they are poor business models because there is little to no barrier to entry.
PyCon US 2024 Video Playlist
“Maker movement” is a hard commercialization angle of DIY, or really, doing anything. Not sure who came up with the label “Maker” but I’m personally not a fan. Maybe reading Christopher Tolkien has rubbed off on me. As someone who works hands on with a lot of things, I can’t help but feel like a cultural shift is taking place. I’m all for DIY so this is great, but you don’t have to be a “Maker” to get shit done.
Why Do Firms Exist?
LinkedIn switches to Azure Linux. Expect Microsoft's pet distro to improve fast
I love all the Tesla critics running to this form their complainy thought in hands. We all run red lights, repeatedly, we all run red lights. I've been saying for years Tesla FSD, better than racecar experts.
Waymo's numbers aren't dishonest and their accomplishment is real, but this data should be taken in its proper context.

1) The comparison lumps in a lot of humans which cynically and selfishly break the law. Currently Waymos attempt to obey the laws of the road, but Tesla FSD shows that self-driving companies can and will market towards people who want to speed, run red lights, etc. So I am deeply concerned that a formal comparison of law-abiding self-driving cars will be used to encourage development of autotaxis which compete with human Ubers on travel time by speeding or rolling through stop signs like a human would. It would ultimately be a correlation/causation error: Waymo's training and development correlates with better safety records when the causative variable is ultimately risk-adversity, with better engineering being a secondary factor. In particular, I suspect Waymos will eventually be safer than humans at legal driving but dramatically more dangerous at illegal driving, and Waymo executives using motivated reasoning to dispel the concerns. Again, FSD literally offered different options for how much you wanted to speed or roll stop signs. This isn't hypothetical.

2) This is less concerning than reckless driving, but these stats include a lot of human accidents due to mechanical failure. This is something I expect self-driving to handle very poorly without human intervention. The most cognitively demanding moment of my entire life was having a rear tire blowout while driving a heavily-loaded truck with little experience - as the end started to fishtail I quickly realized what happened and carefully applied the brakes, hit the emergency lights, closely paying attention to the tactile feedback in my feet and hands, then pulled over as soon as I possibly could. If I were an AI and this was an edge case the engineers forgot to train on, Robo-Me would have easily flipped the truck. Mechanical failures aren't occurring in Waymos now because the cars are still new. Eventually it might be a real problem.
I am not a frequent IPFS user either but it seems like crypto and NFT scams masked and eventually destroyed a lot of potentially interesting tech.
Not necessary, use LibRedirect[0] on Firefox so when you click on an X link it redirects to Nitter.

[0]https://libredirect.github.io/
I haven't used this yet, but thought it was interesting.

From the site: DollarAI.Store offers 350+ AI tools for just $1—no signup, no email required. Get exactly the AI tool you need without recurring fees or commitments. Fast, reliable AI solutions are just a click away.
> important but the work itself is fairly low value

Because it's important, vital really, it has noun value, but for some reason it is not verb valued. This disconnect is also rampant among nurses and teachers. If you know any, ask and they'll let you know. Dishwashers don't even get an appreciation week.
Based on [1] it looks like System76 does actually think about accessibility, but it's not upstreamed yet.

[1]: https://github.com/iced-rs/iced/issues/552#issuecomment-2180...
If I'm understanding the article, the headline for it is terrible, because he is still absolutely detained, just the type of detention has changed from "police custody" to "enforced court appearance", which may well put him in a different type of legal detention ... so in no way is he "freed".

Also:

> The Kremlin said ... 'very serious' and warned ...

Do any NATO members take Kremlin warnings seriously any more? It seems clear that the Russians will already do anything they think they can get away with (cf Skripal)
It is equal in 13/50 states, including everywhere on the west coast.
Isn't every retail store just a wrapper around existing logistics infrastructure?
OK, you're right. I looked it.

In the USA police can generally hold someone for 24-48hours before actual charges are filed (it takes a minute to generate an indictment), allowing them to investigate and interrogate.

Then, if an indictment is filed a judge makes a decision on pre-trial confinement until trial. In France there is a general four month limit on pre-trial confinement before it has to be heavily justified.
Did that Transparency thing with the code stickers and the verification app ever make an appreciable difference?
If you think about it, all software is already an abstraction of hardware by definition.

The real debate might be whether AI is the core technology driving a SaaS product or just an add-on to keep up with current trends. For example, SaaS products used to classify marathon runners’ images likely rely heavily on computer vision AI models—without them, the task would be extremely tedious. On the other hand, AI summarization in an email client is more of a nice-to-have feature than a necessity.
What is the point of this? It's hard to see how this is useful. Maybe it's just an exercise to show what a diffusion model can do?
Scaling Rails and Postgres to millions of users at Microsoft
Maybe you could if you weren't clearly intending this as a way to violate copyright.

It still isn't a magic copyright eraser. The law doesn't fall for mathematical "aha but!" tricks like HN commenters assume it does.
Oh the Facebook thing. We had an ads account manager who really did take us to dinner. Would call, ask if we needed anything etc. It was great.

One day she ghosted us. I mean that, she ceased all communicated overnight. And in a month or something, the whole thing collapsed on everyone in the field. That was fun.
Everything is a wrapper.

The questions with GPT-wrappers are 1) how much would it would cost you to create an equivalent or better wrapper and 2) how much would it cost OpenAI etc. to replicate the same wrapper, either explicitly or through improved model capabilities.

The answers to those questions (especially the latter) make LLM-wrappers questionable to invest in or depend on. Even if it's great, there's no particular reason to think it will offer much over the base API in 6 months.
> It can be done well, and I point to the Barbican in London as an example.

The brutalist-does-not-mean-ugly architecture I usually point to is the Washington Metro.
What's unfriendly about just clicking through the options? Anytime I want to install .NET, I just go to that exact documentation, click on the distribution I want (usually Ubuntu), and then just click on the version (https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/core/install/linux-...). I almost always use Microsoft's feeds though, so as to not rely on the middleman of the Ubuntu package manager feeds.
Tarsnap is software you compile and install yourself. He literally can't backdoor existing installations of it.
Glad I'm not the only one who was bothered by this. No subnet masks in the diagram, and I'm supposed to assume that 10.0.0.1 and 10.0.0.2 are not in the same broadcast domain. So my default gateway is what, 10.0.0.0, and that router has a route to 10.0.0.2/? with a next-hop of 10.1.0.5?

Wackiest network I've seen in a while, and I've seen some real winners.
This should be top comment.

This is like in the USA where police can generally hold someone for 24-48hours before actual charges are filed (it takes a minute to generate an indictment), allowing them to investigate and interrogate.

Then, if an indictment is filed a judge makes a decision on pre-trial confinement until trial. In France there is a general four month limit on pre-trial confinement before it has to be heavily justified.

Durov is a high flight risk (money, private jet, foreign citizenship), so the judge will have to factor that in. IF there is an indictment.
It's better to think of it as Americans being so wealthy that we just love paying everyone extra money. Compare US and UK wages sometime. It's not the American workers who are underpaid!
Very interesting! I'd love to see a breakdown of various formats including YAML, TOML, CSV, and HCL with their relative cost vs accuracy.
https://ksylvestre.itch.io/mightygrep

I made a file search utility for the features I've always wanted: search history, bookmarks, and more
Even if the debugging information is stripped out, this tool can still extract a lot of information. This is because Go keeps a lot of specific information about functions in its pclntab table inside the binary for reflection, GC or other work. The tool is able to analyse this part of the information.
Also, it includes a rudimentary decompiler for extracting possible static data calls from the binary, which is simple, but seems to work well.
Is it a breakthrough? Weather models are miles ahead of this as far as I can tell.
Colin, if you've ever hoped to compete with your own software and providing support to people running your whole stack so they can avoid paying you anything, you should give some serious thought to open-sourcing the whole thing.
I love my Framework 13. The ability to upgrade and repair is great, and they manage to fit it in an envelope comparable to other non-repairable units. The build quality feels solid. It's not a mbp, but the aluminum chassis feels a lot more robust than many plastic competitors.
> Definitely under appreciated and under paid, but I learned a ton about working for a living.

a lot of the discussion about wages ignores the value of experience; students pay to spend their days learning but it's somehow unfair for someone to get paid to learn job skills that transfer to other jobs
There were still mistakes. The bathrooms have MDF baseboards. Whaddya know, MDF swells up when it gets wet. It all needs replacing. The GC should have known better. MDF also swells up with cat pee. OMG. I'm currently tearing that stuff out and replacing it with wooden baseboards.

I should write a book - "Things Your Architect Doesn't Know and Your General Contractor Won't Tell You"

My previous house had two structural weak spots that resulted in the house bending and sagging. I identified one in this house as it was being built and had it fixed. Being a mechanical engineer has its advantages! I discovered that architects know nothing about structures. The structure was also compromised when the plumbing was put in, so I worked with the GC to design a fix.
Ehhh okay, I'm not as convinced as I was earlier. Sorry for misleading. There's been a lot of back-and-forth.

I would've really liked to see a section of the paper explicitly call out that they used humans in real time. There's a lot of sentences that led me to believe otherwise. It's clear that they used a bunch of agents to simulate gameplay where those agents submitted user inputs to affect the gameplay and they captured those inputs in their model. This made it a bit murky as to whether humans ever actually got involved.

This statement, "Our end goal is to have human players interact with our simulation. To that end, the policy π as in Section 2 is that of human gameplay. Since we cannot sample from that directly at scale, we start by approximating it via teaching an automatic agent to play"

led me to believe that while they had an ultimate goal of user input (why wouldn't they) they sufficed by approximating human input.

I was looking to refute that assumption later in the paper by hopefully reading some words on the human gameplay experience, but instead, under Results, I found:

"Human Evaluation. As another measurement of simulation quality, we provided 10 human raters with 130 random short clips (of lengths 1.6 seconds and 3.2 seconds) of our simulation side by side with the real game. The raters were tasked with recognizing the real game (see Figure 14 in Appendix A.6). The raters only choose the actual game over the simulation in 58% or 60% of the
time (for the 1.6 seconds and 3.2 seconds clips, respectively)."

and it's like.. okay.. if you have a section in results on human evaluation, and your goal is to have humans play, then why are you talking just about humans reviewing video rather than giving some sort of feedback on the human gameplay experience - even if it's not especially positive?

Still, in the Discussion section, it mentions, "The second important limitation are the remaining differences between the agent’s behavior and those of human players. For example, our agent, even at the end of training, still does not explore all of the game’s locations and interactions, leading to erroneous behavior in those cases." which makes it more clear that humans gave input which went outside the bounds of the automatic agents. It doesn't seem like this would occur if it were agents simulating more input.

Ultimately, I think that the paper itself could've been more clear in this regard, but clearly the publishing website tries to be very explicit by saying upfront - "Real-time recordings of people playing the game DOOM" and it's pretty hard to argue against that.

Anyway. I repent! It was a learning experience going back and forth on my belief here. Very cool tech overall.
> Where are the FSD deaths you claimed?

I believe the NHTSA's fatal FSD crash refers to No. 225 on that list [1].

> Most people don't check sources and assume a comment is true because one is linked

I'd assume anyone responding to a comment would be curious and competent enough to look at a source.

> fact that deaths are included as a 'Tesla death' regardless of who's fault it is shows that the site operator has an axe to grind and that the data cannot be trusted

Judging fault is subjective. Judging whether someone died is not.

> 555 deaths over 11 years worldwide is quite low given that about 45,000 people die in auto accidents just in the US every single year and 1.19M people die worldwide every single year

Yes. That's the point. It's a dataset that shows Teslas to be safe, Autopilot not so much and evidences FSD having killed at least one person.

[1] https://static.nhtsa.gov/odi/inv/2022/INCR-EA22002-14496.pdf Table 1
There is plenty of legal background for France (and Europe more broadly, eg the German NetzDG) there if you'd care to read the piece, including reference to numerous censorial provisions of French law which make France suboptimal vis a vis the U.S. for social media operations including Loi no. 2020-766 du 24 juin 2020, the EU DSA, and the applicable French aiding and abetting statute, the last of which would not have been usable against Durov in the U.S. absent specific intent to commit an unlawful act.

The conditional immunity under the DSA is also not as comprehensive as the broad immunity under Section 230, but that was out of scope so I didn't get into it. I do admit the piece assumes some familiarity on the part of the reader with the existing problems around the EU regulatory schemes relating to speech and content removal.

If you have any constructive suggestions I'll be happy to consider including them and giving you appropriate credit, just chuck them in the comment section. tl;dr though, in my view, France is not a great place to incorporate and run a social media company.
They don't like increasing menu costs because they think it scares customers away. The employees know how much they're getting paid.
New tunnels coming for Vegas Loop; autonomous driving on horizon
Fil-C is capability based and its capabilities offer stronger guarantees than CHERI’s.

My point is that if a single dude working solo for 10 months gets to 6x overhead in the bad case then the overhead of the software capability approach (either exactly Fil-C or something vaguely like it) is likely to be much much less than 6x in the limit. Fil-C was 200x slower just six months ago and I’m not even done optimizing. That should give you an idea of where it’s heading.
I think the easiest explanation here is that it actually does have a backdoor, hence being allowed to stay.