skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Show HN: FOSD – Framework of Operating System Development
The FOSD(Framework for Operating System Development) Framework is an innovative and flexible framework for operating system development. It strives to provide flexible resources and tools to help developers design, develop, and deploy operating systems efficiently and effectively. The framework is intended to support various architectures and provide corresponding build systems that facilitate the overall development of the operating system. It gives the already-implemented build system for each architecture that can automatically detect and compile user's source code and create a full operating system with proper bootloader(that's suitable with architecture.) The framework also provides HAL(Hardware Abstraction Layer) that can remedy the difficulty of having to develop all the device drivers for every hardware.
Although currently, we're in the early development stage of only having x86 architecture kernel that can barely print "Hello, world", we are planning to implement from the fundamental framework features like interrupt system or basic print system to the file system interface, complicated device drivers(corresponding to the architecture) or even feature for task management.

The ultimate goal is to make the operating system development easy and efficient for everybody!
lol i was wondering the same thing
IMHO, those aren't fraudulent certificates; they established effective control of the hostname, which is all a certificate implies. They didn't have authorization from the owner of the domain, but Let's Encrypt doesn't include ownership information, so there's no fraud there. Of course, this means someone who can MITM a whole server can also have a certificate issued to show everyone they're authentic.

You could potentially protect against this by cert pinning to a CA that won't issue to an interloper, or possibly using CAA records in DNS if you can be confident your DNS won't be MITMed or changed out from under you buy your registry. DNSSEC helps, if your registry (and the root) won't fold under pressure, but not if they do ... and DNSSEC is in the top 3 causes of high profile DNS failures in my estimation.
Don't believe everything you read. While an extremely high PPN2 can cause unconsciousness due to narcosis, it wouldn't be possible to definitively identify that as the cause. There could have been something else going on physiologically.

Hydreliox has only been used in a few experimental or scientific dives, mostly with saturation procedures but at least once by cave divers. (It's possible that militaries could have done some secret dives as well.)

https://indepthmag.com/hydrogen-dreamin/
Forgive me, but I'm left scratching my head. I can't find where I mentioned any of this.

Buran's cancellation predates (given my limited command of Russian, what I think is) the first evidence of DRAKON's production use in the engineering process for avionics systems by almost a decade. Nowhere did I bring up that particular orbiter.

I'm also unsure where I wrote that DRAKON by itself is machine consumable. I'm only familiar with it as a pattern language for drawing diagrams, and that's the extent of my experience with it.
>They use very different generations of CPU, and GPU. So shader libraries will be different for the most part.

Can you expound on this? Why do the shader libraries change due to new hardware? I get that the compiled shaders would change, but why would the libraries themselves change? The other points I understand.

>I’m surprised that conversation was remembered

I remembered the conversation because I spent some time trying to prove I was right about gamedevs using raw vulkan/directx (they seemingly do not, I was wrong) and then learning more about graphics APIs in general. I realized you were the the one I had had that conversation with because when I searched hn.algolia for Gnm earlier to answer my question elsewhere in this thread your name kept popping up, making roughly the same arguments from that thread I responded to you in.
It’s the future. I can prank someone by ordering them some sunlight reflected from space.
Synthesizer manufacturer here. It's really disappointing to see the message "IF YOU CAN READ THIS YOUR WARRANTY IS GONE, SORRY" printed on the inside of the OP-1... super helpful guys.

On the inside of the synths we make, there's a link to a documentation repository. If people are desperate enough to remove screws, why not help them?
That applies to the entire synth/groovebox industry. People get addicted to the dopamine of buying new gear (Gear Acquisition Syndrome, or GAS) but never use it.
This is an aside but “trifecta but with four” actually has an awesome name: “Superfecta”!
If a piece breaks in a way unrelated to the modifications, why should the company get to skip out on fixing it? If it's within the legal minimum, they should be held to the standard of making their product work. And if they want to draw in more customers with a longer warranty, they need to be held to that. Arbitrary exceptions don't save them much money in comparison to the harm it does to purchasers. Also if they can force first-party repairs then that's an instant overpriced monopoly.

I don't think this rule has much to do with companies deciding to have bad warranties.
Looks like a clone or fork of the UnRaid docker interface
Seems like a clear case of fraud to me.
Why did they agree to pay the ransom? Such a small org it seems like they could rebuild the systems they needed for less than $1mil?..
Ask HN: How to Teach Mechanical Engineering to Kids
My 8 year old, whom we home school, wants to learn about mechanical engineering. I’m looking for strategies or curriculums that aren’t centered on legos. Where should I start?
the generals were assholes too. they sent people to fight and die in trenches over and over again for nothing.
I have plumbed the depths of mutt, and I have discovered that, alas, graphical email clients fit my needs better.

- Mutt/aerc doesn't support windows, an OS many use by preference or requirement (though I have explored this with mutt[2], it's hard getting anything to work in mailcap on windows)

- Doesn't support viewing HTML email, a ubiquitous phenomenon

- Doesn't support sending HTML email, which is fine until your coworkers wonder why your mails always look funky and replies lose formatting

- I'm faster in Betterbird[1] than I am in mutt. Turns out drag-and-dropping mails into folders is pretty fast.

- Configuring an even halfway decent set-up takes ages, Betterbird just works out of the box

- Mutt relies on mbsync[3] or offlineimap[4], these tools don't support OAuth well. Betterbird supports it out of the box. (You can run without them, if you're willing to put up with bad buggy behavior in GMail where when messages are moved into folders they are only copied, the original message stays put in the original folder while a new message is copied into the other.)

- With shift+click, Betterbird allows the user to reply or compose using plain text just fine when the need arises

Sorry guys. I absolutely live in the terminal, but enough's enough. I'm out.

I do like using newsboat as an RSS reader though, that investment panned out so far.

1: https://www.betterbird.eu/

2: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=39812124

3: https://isync.sourceforge.io/mbsync.html

4: https://www.offlineimap.org/
Someone made a pi version of the OQO!

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OQO
It's been great iterating with you AJ! Can't wait for what's ahead.
Considering zerodium and other 0day vendors are spending more on Android than iPhone, I don't agree.

https://zerodium.com/program.html
Mitochondria are flinging their DNA into our brain cells, study shows
Potentially, but how is the provider going to get launch and airspace approval for distribution of consumer based light pollution pranking?
Normally I appreciate HN removing trite and toxic comments, but in this case they were well deserved so it's sad to have seen them removed in the last few hours.
> It wasn't an attack, but a genuine question, for which I provided two possible interpretations. I was (am) interested in what you were saying.

No worries at all! I wasn't taking it as an attack and apologies if my response seemed combative. I just honestly didn't understand where the point of confusion was.

> Thanks for explaining.

My pleasure! If you're still interested in discussing, I am interested in the point you made that 'They secure things from top to bottom' - if I may ask, why do you think this is the case? It's not a statement I would ever make myself.
Except we won’t actually see, because Apple still has their thumb massively on the scale to prevent any real competition.

https://developer.apple.com/support/alternative-payment-opti...
You've accidentally described 100% of my experience with Splunk at every org I've worked at: it's so expensive no one is given access to it. It's hard to get logs into it (because of expense). And so you're experience of it is the annointed "splunk team" want something, but you never see how they're using it or really the results at all except when they have an edict they want to hand down because "Splunk says it".
I haven't built it yet, lack of time, but been thinking about providing a LLM-based help system.

We have several modules which have a lot of logic, but which requires the user to know what to do.

Often users have been poorly trained when there's been staff changes, and they're not using those modules often.

We do have help pages and a manual, but it seems some people struggle to utilize those resources. Using help pages and manuals to solve your very specific problem is a skill, and not one that's taught at most schools, so this is understandable.

Thus I've been considering if LLMs could help by providing a more free-form input where the user could describe their needs or issue and the LLM could suggest which operations to do and in which order, which data must be entered where and such.

One obstacle is that ChatGPT and friends seem to be very tuned to always provide an answer. In the help case, I'd want it to ask clarifying questions if there are certain variables which must be determined.

For example, consider a LLM front to the typical disk partitioning and formatting dialogs. Determining which file system to use is important, as it may matter to the user. So if the user doesn't specify it in their original query I'd like the system to ask rather than just provide steps for a specific one.
Legal or not, it's mean and incredibly unfunny. What are they thinking.
Airline ticketing systems are pretty outdated at this point, but they continue to be used for lack of a widespread alternative.
Yes, in the near future we plan to convert CEL expressions to where clauses, which we attach to queries. This would push permissions to the query level, like postgres RLS.
There is nothing particularly closer to the metal in stackless coroutines, compared to stackful.
Could lead plates be found in the arctic, or in clouds ?

Personally I feel like the environmental contamination is the problem. Let's say we do workout this is causing some type of health issue, that's it , there is no way to fix this. We've contaminated everything with microplastics and there's little doubt , if we keep doing it, it WILL cause major issues, at least for the ecosystem, which we do rely on and that will have negative effects for us.
And with the advent of Eurorack, not only do you need more instruments, but the instrument you do have is never finished either

At least lots of Eurorack builders are small passionate shops as opposed to big soulless corporations
Clearly you haven't looked at my CV. I spend about half my day reading this country or that one's regulations to make sure that the small bit of the worlds largest CSD (by at least one measure) that I work on follows the law, and I have the insatiable curiosity to read the rest of it as light bedtime reading. I know whereof I speak regarding financial systems. You don't.

Specifically, accounting law is old. Computers were used to automate what the bookkeepers did by hand, which was emphatically not floating point. At the end of an interest period, interest was computed and booked in rounded form. The next period, interest would be computed based on the number in the books, not the "floating point" number that was rounded from the last time interest was booked. More clearly: put 1c into a bank account earning 1% interest compounded daily. After 1000 years, that account will have precisely 1c in it, because there was never enough interest to earn at least one quantum. This is the difference between math and bookkeeping, and between the sort of math that passes for correct in an ERP system versus the sort of math needed by a bank.

Also, fixed point is not slow, at least not on the systems relevant to actual financial infrastructure. It's all on IBM Z, which has hardware instructions for fixed point decimal calculation because if it didn't, it would run like treacle.
Has the "no-hello" crowd realized what the "hello" is trying to achieve? It's a method of establishing a synchronous conversation.
I've also found triple stores to have terrible performance, but it looks like the intended use-case for this (like Firebase) is rapid development, prototyping, and startups. You aren't going to generate enough traffic when you're building an MVP for this to be an issue.

And it's a hosted service, so the performance issues are for the InstantDB team to worry about, and they can fold it into the price they charge. It does mean that your application architecture will get locked in to something that costs a fortune in server bills when it gets big, but from InstantDB's POV, that's a feature not a bug. From your POV as a startup it may be a feature as well, since if you get to that point you'll like have VC to blow on server bills or use to rewrite your backend.
y'all got me feeling smug for buying a 1980s era Omnichord off Reverb.

When the batteries die, I just replace them with new D-cells.
Hadn't seen this, thanks!
This comment won't age well if we keep polluting the environment the way we are. Plastics will continue to grow as a problem if we keep using them at the scale we do.
How did the EU regulation that requires Apple to provide NFC card emulation capabilities to apps impact apps already doing the same thing on Android?
The only way to make ransomware go away is to make the penalties for paying higher than the ransom.
Wait, is that easy? I have a Mac, and a old PS4 controller.
What synths do you make?
I had actually considered PrePy and variations thereof for the magic_codec project (which is the example implementation showcased in that post), unfortunately all of these had been used by other projects before. Pydong is the name of the blog :)
Their insurance covered ransom. Why on the earth does insurance cover ransom? Doesn't it encourage such attacks? Ideally paying ransom should be illegal as it just funds further attacks.
Nice real world example of figuring out an unknown interface. There are plenty of different electrical interfaces for transmitting serial data, and they often use the same physical connector, so you definitely have to know what the device is outputting. For reverse-engineering an unknown device, you often will need a scope. If you're lucky, you'll be facing an interface that is documented, like RS-232, RS-422, or RS-485. If you're unlucky, you need to rely on experience, knowledge and familiarity like OP did. Only once you have the electrical signal figured out, you can move on to baud, word length, stop bits, parity, and so on, and then decoding the actual data.
Marine mammals have evolved adaptations that reduce nitrogen uptake, but there is some evidence to indicate that they do suffer from decompression sickness.

https://www.nature.com/scitable/blog/saltwater-science/do_wh...
What are you trying to get at, the meaning of "cost"?

When I used the word "cost", I am referring to the price I pay, my cost, for using caching. That number is a known, published figure
Don't know what shared truth you are referring too.. truth is totally relative...

I have stuff that i can only access inside my home network, so here the truth is one.. Out in the internet those same addresses do not exist, so out there the truth is another..

This is also the same for most, if not all, enterprises, there is always stuff that can only be accessed either on the internal network or via VPN..

There are address that point to different endpoints depending on the network you are connected, and this is by design, again the network wide google safe search is an example.

Same thing for streaming services and CDN's, the same address will return a different endpoint depending on your location..

This happen even for direct IP address without using DNS, Quad9 for example have dozens of servers that provide service to the address 9.9.9.9 for their DNS Server, so depending on your location the same IP address will connect you to a different server that is located closer to you to ensure fast access.

DNS like anything in the network and in computing in general can cause problem if not done correctly.. But then the problem is how it was implemented not the dns blocking or redirecting functionalities on themselves..
But I just bought a cybertruck for some reason?
Nice! I just found my TFT color Garmin GPS yesterday that I was looking for during the pandemic but have now forgotten what project I was going to use it for. Maybe I should take it out caching for old times sake.
It is, though I suspect this is more of a difference between discussion about pretty much any big natural disaster that reaches us at a distance mostly through media reports?

Large direct hits to populated areas by natural disasters produce a lot of trauma and I imagine most of them _do_ get treatments somewhat like this, though I imagine they're usually pretty local (or at least mainly of interest to people in the area).

Someone published an entire ~50-page magazine/book (https://www.depts.ttu.edu/nwi/Pubs/ReportsJournals/The_Lubbo...) about the 1970 Lubbock tornado, and I know Houston's got at least one Hurricane Harvey book (and it wouldn't surprise me if Ike and T.S. Allison and maybe even Rita did the same).
Thank you! This does look like it could provide a much needed perspective to some Nietzsche-adjacent issues (relating to his own “cosmodicy”) that I have been wrestling with others about.. especially as I recently, off-handedly, in anger, in grandiosity even, accused somebodies of being well-intentioned bullies.. Also relevant to organizational/selves herding, of course ;)

EDIT: if i may, your review makes me imagine that one socially virtuous mantra (or vitious countermand?) to meditate upon in mitigation of narcissism could be “loyalty to the Other”

Tangential EDIT: it could also be worth meditating on the wide spread opinions that Ayn Rand (mentioned above) and Nietzsche are both young people’s (mostly young men’s) writers

In itself, the insight is not new. The earliest records, to my knowledge, date back some 2500 years or more... the recognition ATMAN = BRAHMAN (the personal self equals the omnipresent, all-comprehending eternal self) was in Indian thought considered, far from being blasphemous, to represent the quintessence of deepest insight into the happenings of the world. The striving of all the scholars of Vedanta was after having learnt to pronounce with their lips, really assimilate in their minds this grandest of all thoughts.
Again, the mystics of many centuries, independently, yet in perfect harmony with each other (somewhat like the particles in an ideal gas) have described, each of them, the unique experience of his or her life in terms that can be condensed in the phrase: DEUS FACTUS SUM (I have become God).
To Western ideology, the thought has remained a stranger... in spite of those true lovers who, as they look into each other's eyes, become aware that their thought and their joy are numerically one, not merely similar or identical...

"The I That Is God" as translated in Quantum Questions: Mystical Writings of the World's Great Physicists (1984) edited by Ken Wilber
> My only complaint, when I tried the train out the other day, was that the seats are now a little less comfortable—though the upholstery is easier to clean

Seriously? The article plied on about supposed environment benefits but only leaves this _single_ sentence on rider comfort. That tells me something, that either this person is being dishonest, or the people who deploy these trains don't have a clue.

> Because the trains are now quieter both onboard and in adjacent neighborhoods, it also might mean that more people are willing to live near the tracks.

Or they're just high.
NuBus
That’s fascinating.

I get a big mental hiccup when trying to reference a group and am fearful to use the wrong terminology in case it causes offence / hurt / outrage.

I never mean malice, and it’s especially bad when a term changes and isn’t even fully agreed on by the group it refers to.

Like a Pavlovian dog, this kick of anxiety actually feels like it estranges me from groups rather than brings me closer (my intention) because of the fear I have of making a miss-step.
Everyone who builds anything should read From Bauhaus to Our House.
>Because the trains are now quieter both onboard and in adjacent neighborhoods, it also might mean that more people are willing to live near the tracks.

Wait a minute, aren't these tracks shared with commercial trains?
Russian Wikipedia details the claims: https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%A0%D0%90%D0%9A%D0%9E...

You can do machine translation for the article, it's not bad.

It also details claims that it's an actual programming language (what we call now "no code"): https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%A0%D0%90%D0%9A%D0%9E....

> I'm also unsure where I wrote that DRAKON by itself is machine consumable. I'm only familiar with it as a pattern language for drawing diagrams, and that's the extent of my experience with it.

The cultists claim that it IS a machine language. I don't mind it as a documentation language for simple algorithms, but it's not what they claim.
It's been in use since at least the late 1980s to early 1990s. I believe it was in the Turbo Pascal for DOS documentation I used back then, as well as Turbo Vision and some other things. I also worked on a TUI library for Euphoria in DOS around that time.

And it means a full-screen Text User Interface, which is quite different from a line-oriented CLI (Command Line Interface). Instead of a command line, you have a full screen interface with menus, dialogs, buttons, checkboxes and radios, listboxes, windows, scrollbars, etc. Just all in text mode using things like the box drawing and shading characters.

So at least 30 years ago. Probably the early 80s, although I'm not sure of that. But that's when some programs started going from CLI or forms-based to actually using that full-screen TUI style.

The earlier forms-based programs were basically just a hard-coded text-mode screen with blank fields that you could fill in the blanks, then hit a key to either submit, escape back out, or use a hotkey to pull up a different form screen. They didn't have the various interface widgets that we got used to with the TUIs and later GUIs.
Can the SDK used allow you to run the games in a PS1 emulator like Sony PS1 Classic ?