skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
you made the decision to start elixir before the rapid recent developments of AI. it's a different world now, and the value that elixir provides relative to another language e.g. python is much different now. it makes far less sense to do what you are talking about in the current state of the word.
Didn't you encounter the problems because you tried to simplify reality by using an abstraction?
Agree. (D)NNs have a powerful but somewhat loose inductive bias. They're great at capturing surface-level complexity but often miss the deeper compositional structure. This looseness, in my opinion, stems from a combination of factors: architectures that are not optimally designed for the specific task at hand, limitations in computational resources that prevent us from exploring more complex and expressive models, and training processes that don't fully exploit the available information or fail to impose the right constraints on the fitting process.

The ML research community generally agrees that the key to generalization is finding the shortest "program" that explains the data (Occam's Razor / MDL principle). But directly searching for these minimal programs (architecture space, feature space, training space etc) is exceptionally dificult, so we end up approximating the search to look something like GPR or circuit search guided by backprop.

This shortest program idea is related to Kolmogorov complexity (arises out of classical Information Theory) - i.e. the length of the most concise program that generates a given string (because if your not operating on the shortest program, then there is looseness/or overfit!). In ML, the training data is the string, and the learned model is the program. We want the most compact model that still captures the underlying patterns.

(D)NNs have been super successful, their reliance on approximations suggests there's plenty of room for improvement in terms of inductive bias and more program-like representations. I think approaches that combine the flexibility of neural nets with the structured nature of symbolic representations will lead to more efficient and performant learning systems. It seems like a rich area to just "try stuff" in.

Leslie Valiant touches on some of the same ideas in his book "Probably approximately correct" which tries to nail down some of the computational phenomena associated with the emergent properties of reality (its heady stuff).
This is a common technique in embedded software. A few other examples:

1. Thrice (already mentioned in the comments) https://github.com/rokath/trice

2. Pigweed's Tokenizer (from Google) https://pigweed.dev/pw_tokenizer/

3. Memfault's Compact Logs https://docs.memfault.com/docs/mcu/compact-logs

4. Defmt by Ferrous Systems https://defmt.ferrous-systems.com/
> You don’t need an explicit conspiracy for pig butchering

Yeah but IMO the scam part is mostly tangential. It hardly matters what did the CEO do with the stolen money, he could have gambled it away at a casino or bought a yacht with it, at the end of the day he still stole it and that’s the crime we’re discussing here.

> You can go after the regulators but I don’t think that’s going to be an effective strategy to solve the problem.

Yes, but going after the bankers would have exposed the extreme incompetence by the regulators and if you started unwinding the whole thing it would have affected a lot of high level people in government. So it’s rather obvious that that they had very little desire to prosecute anyone.

And it hardly matters who deserves what since you can’t send anyone who was just exploiting loopholes and didn’t clearly brake any laws regardless how immoral or unethical their actions were.
Generating structured data with LLMs – Beyond Basics
You are confusing Tails with Whonix.
Why would you care about that though? Calculate the odds between your hypotheses, not the probability you'd ever see one.
True...but the article seems to be targeted at Today's 10K*. There's nothing remotely new about this. Back in (say) WWII, every American company that wanted to tap the massive increase in military spending was busy advertising in print publications that they thought would be read by the right decision-makers. (Plus the general public, to wrap a flag about their reputation.) Plus all sorts of lobbying, favor-trading, bribes, blackmail, war profiteering, and whatever else the dirtier ones thought they might get away with.

*https://xkcd.com/1053/
Andy Jassy Shares Amazon Q GenAI Assistant
Off topic, but eureka moments are my favorite go-to evidence for the absence of free will. No one chooses to have a eureka moment. They just arrive. And not just those moments, but every thought in every moment. They all just arrive, none are choosen.
The special thing about the private key is that if you have the private key you can also derive the public key from it. Meanwhile if you only have the public key you can't derive the private key.

Hence you always use the private key for decrypting or for signing. But other than switching which key to use signing and encrypting are the same thing
Because in the 90s/early 2000s someone thought it was a good idea to send cookies for the given site along with all requests (probably a good move, since it would stink to have to tell the browser somehow to explicitly send a cookie for every request, even ones initiated outside of JS).

You could say that sites instead must prescribe a "send-cookies-when-requests-are-from-this-site" header, but that's kind of the same thing as CORS.
But they already have. The Post Office was still nationalised when post codes were distributed.
>FBI managed tor nodes

There have been a number of very strange arrests of tor users by FBI and other western special services. The one I remember was when they took down the hydra's (basically russian silk road) and doxed it's creators. The idea of tor being infiltrated by feds seems very logical, considering that Tor got a good reputation, and is, basically, a great honeypot. I'd consider it a real threat if I were a criminal. But are there any networks that are resistant to malicious nodes?
kompromat? pffff money talks. somewhere there is someone who will take a bribe, and 300k to completely compromise every toolchain in the world is a pittance.
Death, magic, alchemy, transmutation, poison (and so perhaps by extension, radiation) are all associated with fluorescent green to some degree. (Do a Google image search for "necromancy" or "poisonous dragon" and the majority colour is fluorescent green.) This might be partly influenced by the arsenic greens of the Victorian era.
And for those that want to play around with an early access build, https://jdk.java.net/valhalla/
Ask HN: Recommend a good book/YouTube playlist on chess for beginners
Decades ago, I discovered a compiler for an obscure microprocessor was generating a subtraction operation to test if two integers are equal. I then turned the optimisations on and it generated an XOR instruction instead.

I suspect a lot of these hacks are used by an optimising compiler.
I use TinyBase for the client side store, it can sync with pretty much all the technologies people are talking about here

https://tinybase.org/
Storing throughout the day can be done with batteries locally.

Storing throughout the seasons is much harder. (But then, you can probably use a cable to give Germany electricity in winter from solar farms in the Sahara or so.)
Exactly. I would really like an answer to this. I don't understand how you can even build something without support for this. They have a "Instant on the server" section in the docs but that's just about querying and writing to the database from an external server. Nothing about middlewares or whatever the solution would be.
Thank you for asking about our project! Currently FOSD supports basic 32bit loader and 64bit kernel with a rudimentary printing system in Intel x86 architecture. We are unsure of what version of C++ our project supports(speculatively g++ version 13.2.0 as we built the latest release on that compiler,) but the project can be compiled with a cross compiler(specifically x86_64-elf and x86_64-linux-gnu.) The ongoing developments consist of user-customizable kernel loader, kernel's memory and task management system. Our ultimate goal is to make a GUI/VSC extension similar to Arduino IDE, making the use of framework more easy. Leave the PR anytime if you want to contribute to our project! :)
The header font looks like its cut off by accident...
Ugh that's so annoying... Was originally hosted on a cloudflare static site - now switched to R2 bucket storage. That might help things?
That's the best explanation I can come up with too. Are they still trying to do some kind of crypto identity thing with it too, or was that an artifact of the NFT boom from several years ago (possibly a serious attempt to raise something like an ICO, or possibly just a form of sarcastic social criticism)?
Thanks for the response. I mostly agree with you about the food, but not about Yokohama. Chinatown is a tiny, atypical part of Yokohama; the vast majority of the city, including where I live, has nothing to do with stereotypes of Chinese. Also, Japanese views of China and of Chinese people are, for better or worse, diverse and complex, and mysticalness and fortune-telling play little to no role for most people.
My guess is that they do this to try to prevent abuse on the Vercel platform. Does it help? I don’t know, and Vercel will probably not share their internal stats, but it might be enough to deter some abusive but unsophisticated users.
I was tempted not to respond, but honestly this comment makes me slightly angry. As someone who is young, and works on software this comment does not seem very worldly to me. Have you seen the US government, Japan, and other places struggling to still switch away from antiquated technologies? Yes, they are partially incompetent, but also there is a certain level of justifiable trust in the system working in its current form.

> Grandpa also needs to do his banking online, his taxes, needs to manage his online identity, car registration, medical things.

No, they don't. They can use paper, phone, and fax still (at least in the USA). One of my grandparent's did this until very recently (when they sadly passed away) for most things. I was at one point told by the same grandparent that the "the familiar 'red yellow green blue'" you so describe they suspected was a virus and they don't understand how it appeared on their computer. Another grandparent struggled with the concept of folders (as in file explorers), and when they first received their a phone would shut it down and then was confused on why it wouldn't receive phone calls. These people were successful and educated (they had gone to college and used their degrees in their professional life). They just don't care about technology and when Apple makes a choice for them on the default browser they are happy.
Was Linguistic A.I. Created by Accident?
Average wages for workers in Eastern Europe are way higher than $500/mo, never mind software engineers. Poland is $1,400, Hungary $1,200, Bulgaria $1,100, Romania $1,600, Lithuania $2,200, Estonia $2,000, Latvia $1,700. If you assume that software engineers will earn at least double the average wages of all workers, you're looking at $2,200-4,400 as a base. Paying 3x that to get the top people would mean $6,600-13,200/mo. Ultimately, you'd be paying $44-88/hour to execute your strategy.

Countries like Bulgaria and Hungary are both in the EU allowing workers to travel to Germany, France, etc. to get jobs. They aren't trapped behind immigration laws that don't allow them to move to places with higher salaries.

Even if you look at India, $10/hour wouldn't get you the best engineers. Mediocre engineers are earning that after a few years experience. Maybe you'll say that you'll pay triple that and that $30/hour is still cheap. Sure, $54,000/year is a cheap software engineer, but I think the best engineers have better options than being seen as a cost savings for some American company.

Frankly, it isn't necessarily about the money itself. It's about the attitude. If a company sees software as a cost center to be optimized/cut, their software will be crappy. If you're just focused on cutting costs, it's not just about how much you're paying engineers per hour. It's also about whether you let your engineers work on something that makes the product better, but might not be strictly necessary. For example, maybe there's a process the customer has to go through and many do it wrong because it's confusing. Will you let them spend the time to re-write it? Or will you say that it works so you don't want to spend money on that and customers will put up with it?

In theory, you could have more engineers and allow them to do more if they were cheaper. I've found that (in practice) when companies are looking to optimize salaries like that, they're also optimizing the time spent on things as well. They don't see their software as a strategic advantage to be invested in. They just see a cost center to be cut and that won't just be salaries, but also hours worked.

It also creates a crappy atmosphere where workers often don't care about getting things done beyond what they need to keep their job and not get yelled at. You're looking to work the system for yourself and minimize costs and they'll get a similar attitude where they try to work the system and do as little work for you as possible.

I'm not saying that you couldn't create a great company in Eastern Europe or India - they exist. But I think if your attitude is one of outsourcing a cost center, you won't get what you're looking for. Pay is relative, but it's higher than you think and you don't want to fall into the trap of just thinking that software is a cost center.

Plus, you don't even have to go that far to get cheaper engineers. You can pay half of what you pay Americans in France or Germany.
Ad placement in software? Not many users appreciate it, and usually it's implemented to create value for the software company, not for the user. And yet it usually gets a lot of development resources.
Even if that was protected against (by putting the source IP inside the payload), I'm not sure it's really much more secure. An attacker who can intercept the packet can likely also spoof the source IP, so the attacker could wait for you to open it with your IP, and then use your IP using spoofing.
So you're not saying it's shameful in general, just in this specific context because of the type of work involved?
Some of the most affluent parts of the country still rely on well water. Look at horse country 45min outside of Philadelphia, they seem to have pretty good teeth.

Now for your tone, I’m not sure. Be polite.
𒀯
Good, this was a poorly conceived idea to build into an OS and turn on by default.

It is the same problem with a lot of the AI tools right now. Using them for your code, looking at your documents, etc etc. Unless you self host it or use a 'private' service from Azure or AWS (which they say is safe...) who knows where this information is ending up.

This is a major leak waiting to happen. It scares me to think what kind of data has been fed into ChatGPT or some code tool that is just sitting somewhere in a log or something plaintext that could be found later.
In other words it's "necessary, but not sufficient".
If your use case is "remotely trigger execution of a very small set of fixed commands, securely" then there's Ostiary: https://openwrt.org/docs/guide-user/services/remote_control/...

Its value is in the simplicity of the crypto protocol used for this - basically "hash a password with a one time pad".
Curious if you explored any external tools before building in-house? Looking to do something similar at my company
It only takes a company messing up exactly once, and the damage is catastrophic.

Everyone gets their social security number leaked...identity thieves have a field day.

Everyone gets their medical history leaked...insurance companies suddenly find another edge against the consumers.

Everyone gets their texts leaked...scammers now have blackmail against anyone who ever got spicy with their significant other.

Huge companies have been exploited before, and they will do so again and again. The only long-term winning strategy is to not let them have your data in the first place.
Real-time public developer communities open to the public internet
What would be the reasons to choose this over fwknop?
I'm surprised it took them this long.
The refresh Settings App is far from complete though.
I've always seen the cancer as MBAs only hire MBAs, and that's how it grows. Its very difficult to get to a senior level in most organizations without an MBA.
I can never read comments on any wolfram blog on HN because they're always so mean spirited. I'm seeing a nerdy guy explaining things from a cool new perspective I'm excited to read through. The comments almost always have some lens against him being 'self centered' or obsessing about cellular automata (who cares we all have our obsessions)
that sounds deliciously performant, love projects like these
Show HN: Python script to create a Spotify playlist from all your saved albums
5. macOS logging system https://developer.apple.com/documentation/os/logging/viewing...
Perhaps they are confusing hyperventilation (rapid breathing in and out) with gulping extra air (without exhaling)?
Afaik it doesn't. The only useful thing there is, is a deadline on each packet so the retransmission would have to be fast, but it seems doable.

https://github.com/beac0n/ruroco/blob/ce766751b51c8ff6246a2b...

The encrypted information is current time, command and random data. So the server could feasibly detect that a retransmission has occurred but that's about it.
At this point we should take the idea of companies being a legal individual, but introduce the idea of a social credit system that goes towards tax deductions based on your products actually improving the lives of people rather than stealing from them.

Want to build AI tooling that leverages user data? Great!
* Does it gather their data for targeted ads? - neutral.
* Does it gather their data to then be resold to others? - -100points, pay more tax, you're rent seeking.
* Does it help the user not get phished? - +100points you're actually offering something of value.

I don't believe having humanoid robots in factories helps or is nearly as profitable as humanoid robots that will do my laundry for me.
Seems like that is only Javascript based. I like ElectricSQL and PowerSync because they're on the database layer and are client agnostic.
Ask HN: How have you pushed back against overmeasurement in your workplace?
I am a university professor. Our provost has just created a committee to come up with “a comprehensive definition of quality teaching", calling for "a unified understanding" of what excellent teaching means across disciplines.

This sounds like a Dilbert-esque nightmare to me. In my observation, quality teaching can take very different forms, depending heavily on the individual student. I am good at getting our strongest students excited; some of my colleagues are great at reaching out to weak students and preventing them from falling through the cracks.

This reminds me of countless situations I have read about in industry, where engineers end up answering to bean-counters with no understanding or appreciation of what they do.

If any of you has pushed back against such initiatives in your workplace (or, alternatively, if you were skeptical and they turned out better than you were expecting), would you please share how? Thanks.
Ask HN: What is it with reversible cables?
Pet Peeve: my experience seems to be that any kind of cable which can be plugged in either direction is unreliable.

Examples: USB-C, Apple Lightning, Charging/Sync Cable for Garmin Watches

Symptoms: After a short time about 50% of cables go bad with the symptoms: (a) cable works only intermittently, (b) cable only works when it is plugged in one way, even in that last case (c) the cable is still unreliable in that it connects and disconnects spontaneously (I'd like to plug in my iPad to my workstation to charge all day but it will connect/disconnect and I'll get harassed on the iPad with ceaseless asks if I want to let my computer share my photos and the computer telling me that the connection failed if I chose to not share photos.)

What's the root cause of this? Why does the industry tolerate this?
NASA insists that two astronauts are not "stranded" in space
This isn't an ordinary diamond.
Got me feeling self conscious here.

I often explain boring things with diagrams consisting of boxes and arrows, some times with different colours.
Society needs to collapse.
Is that the time on the rocket sled when his eyeballs filled with blood? Nasty. He was very brave/totally crazy.
https://archive.ph/kAB6M
Privacy is literally a human right in many countries.
I think it was probably the gratuitous inclusion of the url
Victorians put a lot of energy on safety. It's just that the safety they cared about was vastly different to what were the actual things killing them.

If you want a modern take on it observe our obsession with stranger danger for children while we happily fill them up with plastic.
I documented the snippets I needed when setting up Caddy + fastcgi to run shell scripts remotely with self-signed HTTPS Basic Auth on an internal server a couple years ago: https://hn-notes.pages.dev/20221128

Although far more heavyweight and barely relevant to this discussion since it's not hidden, sometimes it's useful to be able to do things remotely in an emergency without a private key.
so much truth in your statement.

I had a recent exchange with Microsoft and a group of CISOs and how it was explained to US by MS is that Copilot relies on existing file sharing security (OneDrive, Sharepoint) to determine what user could receive as feedback from Copilot. While it seems like a reasonable approach to rely on existing controls it honestly sent shivers down my spine. Anyone who had some experience securing MS platforms data sharing knows those become a total mess overtime for large organizations.
Radiation would perhaps be better pictured with a light blue glow (Cherenkov radiation).

The green glow used in pop culture has its origin in the widespread use of radium paint to achieve a glow-in-the-dark effect (e.g. on watch faces) in the early 20th century. I still own a radium watch. The paint was always fluorescent green. And it did glow.
Amazing work! I was wondering just a few months ago whether someone ever made a logger that deferred all the expensive work of string formatting to consumption time.

~~I'm a bit surprised that it didn't come along sooner though. How come nobody at Google or VMware who said they noticed this was a problem solved it? Or any other major tech company? I guess maybe this is partially an issue with our programming languages and build tools though? I'm a Zig enthusiast though so in my head it's trivial, but I guess it won't be until C++26 that they get potentially comparable comptime facilities for C++.~~ I'm surprised Go doesn't work like this by default though. For a language like Go, I'd have made a builtin log keyword that does this.

EDIT: Looks like other implementations of similar ideas do exist. Still awesome though!
I think Wayland is a classic example of 'we do these things not because they are easy, but because we thought they were going to be easy'.

X11 was released in 1987, and I remember using an SGI workstation in 1992 running IRIX, and that had a perfectly functioning X11 desktop which wasn't much different from today's desktop environments. If X11 could be done in a bit over 5 years with late 1980's development tools, it's kinda bizarre that Wayland takes so long.