skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
> The US government is so powerful, they are the only country that enforces a draconian global taxation scheme on any citizen or person who has ever held a US green card […]

While it may be true that they are the only ones able to do it effectively, there are some other countries with citizenship-based taxation. According to Wikipedia[0] these currently are:
Hungary, Eritrea, Myanmar and Tajikistan

Some other countries have similar policies for tax heavens.

[0]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_taxation#Citizen...
Fixing the Rails 7 networking stack
Raph made an argument that Box is good enough for lots of things, which is subjective and depends entirely on what things you’re doing, and how much you actually care about quality.

You are claiming it’s the best possible. Box filter is simply not the best possible, and this fact is well understood and documented.

You can relax your claim to say it’s good enough for what you need, and I won’t disagree with you anymore. Personally, I’m sensitive to visible pixelation, and the Box Filter will always result in some visible pixelation with all 2D vector graphics, so if you really care about high quality rendering, I’m very skeptical that you really want Box filtering as the ideal target. Box filter is a compromise, it’s easier & faster to compute. But it’s not the highest quality. It would be good to understand why that’s the case.

* Edit to further clarify and respond to this:

> With the analytical coverage calculation you can have perfect font/text rendering, perfect thin lines/shapes and, by solving all the areas at once, no conflating artifacts.

You cannot get perfect font or text rendering with a Box filter, and you will get some conflating artifacts. They might be very slight, and not bothersome to most people, but they do exist with a Box filter, always. This is a mathematical property of Box filtering, not a subjective claim.
As an alternative to Pydantic, check out the wonderful mashumaro: https://github.com/Fatal1ty/mashumaro

I've also played around with writing my own dataclass/data conversion library: https://github.com/hexane360/pane
Oh wow this is such an interesting case. I wonder if it's because of the embedding model used here.

If I search for Leo Tolstoy it works well, but "Amor towles" doesn't lead to the right page.
The formula for Isp - the important measure of efficiency of the rocket engine - says that the speed with which the engine throws away hot gases grows with the difference of pressures - before nozzle and at the exit of the nozzle.

The whole idea, by the way, of the full-flow combustion is to extract some more energy from the fuel - before sending that fuel to the chamber, and at the temperature which the turbine of the turbopump can tolerate - so that energy could be used for pumps and more pressure could be created in the chamber. More energy than "more conservative" closed-cycle engines.

The pump power is equal to the volume flow (how many cubic meters, or, say, liters of fuel the pump transfers per second) multiplied by the pressure (which pressure is at the exit of the pump). So, it's not the flow - it's the pressure where Raptor has a big advantage over F-1, and that pressure allows to have a better Isp.

And of course the better Isp allows to reach bigger characteristic velocity (or just a velocity in a free space, where gravity or atmosphere don't get in the way) using the same amount of fuel.

The logic goes roughly like that. Every rocket engine designer wants to reach bigger Isp. For that, using a particular fuel, one need to reach bigger pressure in the chamber, and we move from pressure-fed engines (like the first French orbital rocket, Diamant, which had pressure-fed first stage) to pumps, because high-pressure tanks are too heavy. Pumps initially are open cycle, or gas generator cycle, but we throw away enough gases after the pumps' turbine, so next improvement is we get a closed cycle. With closed cycle we can choose to use all fuel or all oxidizer to move the turbine, but as soon as some component is used fully, we can't get more energy for pumps. Eventually we go to the more complex full-flow cycle, which uses both components and reaches the highest pressure in the chamber.

The next step would probably be a detonation engine :) which uses somewhat more efficient process to convert chemical energy into speed, but it's not yet developed enough. We can also talk about more heat-resistant turbines which would allow to extract more energy from the fuel and to increase pressure some more... but there we also have a lot of R&D ahead of us.
why would a writer need to know or care about the tech stack
It's real bold of google to double down on these bad faith changes while also trying to get me invested in their AI offerings at the same time.
Americans love them because of advertising. It's societal wide manipulation.

For those who doubt the power of marketing, look no further than this case.

American regularly buy worse cars, that don't last as long, and burn more fuel, and require more maintenance, with virtually no upside - purely because that's what's advertised and what makes people feel cool. And they know this is the case. They understand the purchase they are making is an objectively worse one, and they (pretty often) have to create complex orchestrations of lies they tell themselves to obfuscate that.

I mean, the sheer amount of single passenger drivers buying trucks for 70,000, never towing anything, and then complaining about fuel economy is insane. I know many people like this. Little do they know they could pay half the price for a Prius, get a better experience, and get 3x as many miles to the gallon. But they do know this, kind of, but the manipulation exists on a subconscious, unreachable level.
it's not that simple. it's because things are medium bad conductors, like the nichrome wire in the toaster, which is absolutely fantastic for setting things on fire

things that are really good conductors like the copper wires in the toaster don't heat up (much) because they don't drop much voltage, and things that are really bad conductors, like the panels that support the nichrome wires and like calcium carbonate, don't heat up at all, because they don't carry any current. it's the things that are in between that cause fires: they can carry enough current to be a problem, while also dropping enough voltage to be a problem

this has been introductory electrical engineering 101. i'll be here all week, don't forget to tip your server, and read chapters 1 of horowitz & hill by monday
> > no evidence that piracy causes any type of harm

> there is business "harm" to piracy, but it's (mostly) vastly overstated

I'm not sure how relevant the harm is. It seems like copyright law doesn't have exceptions for "harmlessness"* -- and even if that were a carve-out, it would be a stupid one for the kind of offenses we're discussing, since it hinges on hundreds of millions of individual 'butterfly effect' decisions and how they hypothetically would have unfolded in a fictional world without piracy vs. the real world. No one can prove or even know what the impact of piracy is on a given work's short-term or long-term revenue. Maybe "Firefly" was boosted massively in its long-term commercial success by piracy, but some $400 physics textbook had materially less sales. I think there's a reason courts never debate this question, though.

*I'm aware there are specific exceptions for things like fair use and timeshifting -- I just don't believe all 'harmless' acts are protected or that that was ever even intended.
I think i remember upgrading the nvme disk firmware in work dell laptop (dell latitude 7390) from 2019 using fwupd some years ago (not more than 3 years ago).

Also i think i remember fixing (upgrading?) the firmware on a crucial ssd like 5 or 6 years ago using some live linux system (downloaded off the crucial website i think?)

Not sure about windows, but linux is getting incredibly better at this.
https://reticulum.network/manual/interfaces.html#announce-ra...
The manual has some documentation on some of the rate limiting features built into RNS
You could add restrictions to anything to create business models. Doesn't mean it's natural and helpful to society. The vast majority of movies are tripe and provide no real value to humanity. And the vast majority of revenue go to a few executives and middlemen rather than the artists. The fact that this regime exists now is not proof that it is a good thing - that's circular logic.
(Corresponding wiki entry for the remote version: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telephone_card#Remote_memory_s... )
Here's a tested version that, given text containing only lower case letters, backslash and double quote, capitalizes the letters between quotes and handles escaping reasonably. (works with NotoSans-Regular.ttf)

@Char = [a-z quotedbl backslash];
@CharQuoted = [A-Z quotesingle slash];
@NonQuoteQuoted = [A-Z slash];
@Escaped = [asterisk dollar];

feature liga {
lookup xa {
sub quotedbl @Char' by @CharQuoted;
sub slash backslash' by dollar;
sub slash quotedbl' by asterisk;
sub [@NonQuoteQuoted asterisk dollar] @Char' by @CharQuoted;
} xa;
} liga;
feature liga {
lookup xb {
sub quotesingle' by quotedbl;
sub slash' by backslash;
sub dollar' by backslash;
sub asterisk' by quotedbl;
} xb;
} liga;
Having just bounced off of three posts there, maybe it's just that I'm too "normie" to get whatever he wishes to communicate, but I find de Maistre (1753-1821) argues conservatism and monarchism far more lucidly.
You can use multiple, but you have to log out after usage.
This is neither a problem of funding or any government service being at fault. This is the fault of American culture. A national ID system sounds too scary to too many Americans. Politicians aren't going to waste their political capital on pushing through something so unpopular. It really isn't any more complicated than that. There is a huge desire for some sort of national ID system and SSNs are the closest we got so they filled the vacuum. It is silly to blame that on the IRS. It is a societal failure.
I mean there's a bunch of why's. The real world is pretty imperfect.

But anyways, if you add the item to your cart when it's say $1.40 and it becomes $4.40 by the time you get to the register that seems double-non-plus.
Ah i see the Fox News method of journalism has won out. No journalist has any obligation to maintain veracity in their publications. The good news is you get to be "highly engaged" There are no downsides.
Artists score major win in copyright case against AI art generators
thanks!

fwiw, those seem to apply to only a single destination, and any node can sybil up as many destinations as it wants, right? `announce_cap` seems more relevant

is there a place where you've written down the threat model reticulum is intended to defend against? it's hard for me to evaluate its security measures without that context
> I found teaching Calculus I was able to draw in students so much more if I worked in what problems Newton was trying to solve and why. It gave them a story to follow, a reason to learn this stuff.

Be careful.

In undergrad, I worked as a math tutor at their tutoring institute. We had two calculus classes - one for engineers/science and the other for business/economics.

If you're into Newtonian stuff or it's relevant to your degree, then your approach is all great. What I consistently saw is people in degrees like biology (or even industrial engineering) had a harder time learning because of those physics applications in the book. They came in with one problem: Having trouble with the calculus. And then they discovered they had two problems: To understand calculus they suddenly had to understand physics as well.

You'd get students who were totally adept at differentiating and integrating, but would struggle with the problems that involved physics. Yes, it is important to be able to translate real world problems to math ones, but it's a bigger problem when you don't care about that particular field.

Same problem with the business students. Since all the tutors were engineering folks, they had trouble tutoring the business students because their textbook was full of examples that required basic finance knowledge (and it really doesn't help that financial quantities are discrete and not continuous, adding to the tutors' confusion).

If you can find an application the student is interested in, then by all means, use that approach. For a general purpose textbook, though, it hinders learning for many students who don't care for the particular choice of application the book decided to use.
What you describe might be out of date. Someone tried to use my identity to file a fake tax return. The IRS caught it and now I get issued a PIN every tax season for kinda-sorta two factor auth.
If we remove the digital aspect of it. What do you think the US would do if Kim let anonymous people send him DVDs and albums over snailmail and he would burn and mail them to anyone who requested it?

Personally I find safe harbour arguments very weak when the service provider allows anonymous sharing.
Not to mention Social Security Administration is using this as login now which is a big deal.
I was WFH in 1997, using a 56k modem, uploading huge Photoshop print-ready files. I made it work.

I was tired of driving 3 hours a day (which equals a full month per year) in traffic. I told my boss "I'm not coming in to the office anymore in two weeks" without really having a plan for what comes next - either I'd quit or ???. He suggested I could work from home (they didn't want to lose me), and I jumped at the chance. It worked great for 6 months until that company went out of business. I was the only one working from home, so the company going out of business definitely wasn't because of WFH.
> Viacom the party who sued was active in putting the content up there in the first place

Source? I missed that story, and that sounds hilarious.
One interesting thing is that if you look at what companies that want to prepare for Store Now Decrypt Later are doing (see links at bottom) they're pretty much all using the non-production ready OQS. If you believe in hybrid encryption this is mostly okay since a failure in the PQC portion should not cause a breakage in the classical portion. Assuming that OQS has implemented the hybrid protocol correctly.

- https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/research/project/post-quantu...
- https://engineering.fb.com/2024/05/22/security/post-quantum-...
- https://blog.cloudflare.com/kemtls-post-quantum-tls-without-...
The difference between having customers and not having customers is a subsantial transition.
> A time zone is something like America/New_York

It's US/Eastern. Paul Eggert can call this a "deprecated compatibility time" all he wants, but "Eastern Time Zone" is the official name of the time zone as maintained by the civil time keeping authority.
Sure; but distributed mesh networks feel like another area where Sybil Attacks [1] can rear their ugly heads. This is a fundamentally hard problem to solve in all distributed systems without a coordinating authority.

The blockchain approach basically bootstraps said authority, and comes with tons of additional baggage. It's the only one I'm aware of that has real countermeasures to Sybil attacks though (in a sense; 51% attacks can also look a lot like a Sybil attack with the right glasses on)

1. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sybil_attack
What happens the day where the only way to fork it realistically is to pay people. And I mean good people to even keep up? And what if on top of that the bests in the game are already in the corporations that you want to fork from?
Disney Says Disney+ Terms of Service Prevent Lawsuit over Resort Allergy Death
Formulated differently, you cannot determine left- and right-handedness but you can determine same-handedness.
AI voice agents are weird to me because voice is already a very inefficient and ambiguous medium, the only reason I would make a voice call is to talk to a human who is equipped to tackle the ambiguous edge cases that the engineers didn't already anticipate.

If you're going to develop AI voice agents to tackle pre-determined cases, why wouldn't you just develop a self-serve non-voice UI that's way more efficient? Why make your users navigate a nebulous conversation tree to fulfill a programmable task?

Personally when I realize I can only talk to a bot, I lose interest and end the call. If I wanted to do something routine, I wouldn't have called.
As someone with a MA in fine Arts and who has worked with many creative people, I can assure you there is no correlation between the greatness of someone's work and how they are as a person.

I like the idea of "the work being more intelligent than it's creator", especially with arts that demand you to put in a lot of your own imagination.
The question was why do so many people dislike Nate Silver. He claims - correctly - that lots of people are exposed to Nate Silver's very dumb commentary on politics. Whether that's a "representative sample of his work" is irrelevant to the question if it's what people are exposed to.
"clown car that fell into a gold mine" is such a brilliant image. im not familiar with twitter in those days, but I've seen other companies that definitely match this description
I don't think it's moving away, because if you have read the entire thread, the gaming community reacts negatively to say the least and they assure everyone that LLVM does not going anywhere any time soon.
Telling: To the modest degree to which the article mentions flavor, it seems far more focused on not making that worse.

Vs. if you've eaten many store-bought strawberries...
Yeah, the offscreen insta-kill-lose-all-progress is drop-controller-walk-away-forever for me thanks. No projectiles on screen, no enemy onscreen, just dead.
And then there is FATCA and CRS : when opening a bank account for my non-profit I had to answer 15 pages of questions related to me, other directors and the non-profit itself. I'm a non-US citizen outside of the US.
But he was, as many many others have pointed out, hosting files on US based servers
That does sound like an interesting idea. Upon further thought, I think that it would heavily depend on implementation.

In a bad case, I envision a ton of companies or institutions employing very strict & narrow situations to the point where they only accept a very homogenized personality. It could end up creating a stiff or worse culture than if they had naturally accumulated a diverse population, if that makes sense. Discrimination already exists, but would be made a lot easier, automated, and commonplace.

In a good case, extremely antisocial behavior (situations that are "softballs" or "hard to screw up for reasonable people") could be easily caught at scale and addressed an early age. Plus the cases you've listed, eliminating the need for special attention and mentorship from the limited people we meet irl.

I'm sure there are other horrible or amazing cases I'm missing.

So as all tools are, it would depend. Whether this will actually benefit more than harm will depend on the society you place it in, and I'm not sure I have that much faith in the corporate world.
I would add that PMF is an investor signal more than a founder one. Basically it says the product is good enough and the company is executing well enough to show extremely strong traction. It’s easy to spot this because the traction is too big to ignore, so any investor paying attention would be immediately interested.

The challenge, is even with this obviousness, it’s hard to run a company searching for PMF. All you can do is continue improving the product, its positioning, marketing, pricing, and so on, looking for strong interest and traction. This is what you’re probably doing already (what else is there), so PMF usually is phrased as a cautionary tale of people who never talk to customers, or never set a price, or never launch, etc. These all will sink your startup for sure, but all PMF will tell you is investors won’t be interested if you have no customers and no traction.
Youtube became popular over similar sites (like Vimeo) by hosting pirated tv episodes. But one was started by ex-Paypal founders and the other bootstrapped (MegaUpload).

Worse, while MegaUpload followed the letter of the law by doing removals of content that was reported as pirated they fell afoul of the law by stringently going after child pornographers and a court decided they can do that then they could do the same for piracy. So, they followed the law but, in their case, now the law is something entirely different and unexpected.
I just want to add some real-world experience to this as the owner of an early hybrid, a 6th gen Honda Civic Hybrid.

It's a terrible hybrid, full stop — but it's still a decent car because it's a Civic. It's as old as an early Prius, and those have held up pretty well, but Honda did a terrible job with their hybrid batteries. Mine was replaced under warranty at 60K miles, and the replacement is already noticeably worn only ~50k miles in.

If the replacement battery fails, the car is totaled. It's just not worth paying ~4k for a refurbished and flawed battery.

But the reason I bring this up, is that we're still in the early stages of EVs, and it still feels like luck of the draw on who's releasing a truly reliable EV product. Early Tesla batteries seem to be holding up long term, but at the same time those early cars have a ton of non-battery related issues. Maybe new ones are great, but there's no way to know until it happens. I thought I was buying something great because Honda typically builds long lasting cars (My last accord had ~300k miles before I sold it).

My next car will probably be an EV over a hybrid based on my experience.
I'm not sure if there is a better Programming Language community out there?

I would love for someone to point to another group of diverse people who have so consistently gotten things right, in the right ways at the right times.

For Example:

1. The language is both expressive, performant and approachable

2. Its best in class when you have strong concurrency / realtime needs

3. Since 1.0 they've declared Elixir "finished" and committed to making few breaking changes.

4. They've instead pushed energy into other important areas like Language Servers, Typing support, Data science / ML capabilities, embedded systems, etc...

5. And have done so while maintaining an extremely friendly and welcoming community with nearly no drama.

Again would love to know who else is worth of this same amount of praise, but to me Jose Valim, Chris McCord, the rest of the Elixir/Phoenix Core Teams and the Community as a whole is in a league of their own.
Hey, thanks for sharing AirCMP - looks like an awesome tool! Quick question: How's your experience been using Cloudflare Workers for the backend? Any hiccups with latency or scaling, especially since users need quick comparisons?
"almost zero marginal cost afterwards"

My father is a retired pharma exec in charge of driving down cost by setting up plants overseas.

He once told me: "For some drugs, ingredient costs less than flour at grocery store"

The stories he tells me about having to bribe local officials (as well as everyone in the supply chain) China and India are hilarious. That was 20 years ago. Not sure if it is better or worse now.
Yes! We're aiming to build a tool that both engineers and non-engineers love.

We've discovered that it's often faster for non-technical domain experts to iterate on prompts in a structured, eval-driven way, rather than relying on engineers to translate business requirements into prompts.

While storing prompts in code offers version control benefits, it can hinder collaboration. On the other hand, using a pure CMS for prompts enhances collaboration but sacrifices some modern software development practices.

We're working towards a solution that bridges this gap, combining the best of both approaches. We're not there yet, but we have a clear roadmap to achieve this vision!