skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
> Did the solution taking 10 minutes make it seem like it was all just semantics from old faulty definitions?

I recall that I, and the rest of the class, were very suspicious of the proof. The proof took maybe 10 minutes, but it probably took another 10-15 minutes for the professor to convince us there wasn't a logical error in the given proof. Though the situation was kind of the opposite of what you would thing. We understood field extensions and the symmetries of the roots of polynomials really well. What took convincing was that any formula using addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, exponents, and rational roots would always give you a field extension that mapped to a "solvable group". The proof is essentially:

1. Any field extension of a number constructed using those mathematical operations must map to a solvable group.
2. For every group there exists a corresponding field extension (this is a consequence of the fundamental theorem of Galois theory).
3. There exist groups that are not solvable.
4. Therefore, there are polynomials with roots that can't be constructed from the elementary mathematical operations.

Basically the entire course is dedicated to laying out part 3, and the part we were suspicious about was part 1.

The one thing that is interesting about the proof is that it is actually partially constructive. Because there is no general quintic formula, but there are some quintics that are solvable. For instance, x^5 - 1 clearly has root x=1. And Galois theory allows you to tell the difference between those that are solvable and those that are not. It allows you to take any polynomial and calculate the group of symmetries of those roots. If that group is solvable, then all of the roots can be defined in terms of elementary operations. If not, at least one of the roots cannot.

> How do you personally imagine trisecting an angle now? Is it possible to describe your new intuition of the impossibility in different human understandable terms that are also geometric?

So the trisection proof I don't remember as well, but looking it up it isn't very geometric. It essentially proves that trisecting an angle with a compass and straight edge is equivalent to solving certain polynomial equations with certain operations, and goes into algebra.

That said, Galois theory itself feels very "geometric" in the roughest sense of the term. Fundamentally, it's about classifying the symmetries of an object.
Tree processing is best done in a language with decent algebraic datatypes and pattern matching. I would’ve preferred Standard ML, but, well, pot-ay-to, pot-ah-to. Haskell is another choice but the techniques you need to use there (while undeniably gaining you some possibilities) don’t really generalize to other languages, so you’re now writing a book about compiler construction in Haskell rather than just compiler construction. Ditto for Rust. Kotlin has deliberately anemic pattern matching. C# or F# leave you depending on Microsoft’s benevolence (sic). Metalua and Sweet.js both have decent ADT support but both are pretty much dead. Racket exists, I guess, and there are some pattern-matching libraries for normal Scheme as well, but the charisma malus of the parenthesis is real even if I don’t understand what causes it.

So OCaml was probably the most mainstream choice among the languages with appropriate tools, as funny as that sounds. And honestly, once you get over the syntax, it doesn’t actually have anything outrageous.
But EU election is not as consequential as national election in the individual states of EU, right?
They have done better: Since 2016 a majority of states with "DRE only" have switched to DRE with verifiable paper trail. It provides quick results with the backup option of manual counting. They could go further by doing statistical risk limiting auditing for all elections and not just the ones that are close but it is still a large step forward since 2016.
Spotify too (allegedly) had bunch of pirated content to bootstrap the service. I guess the difference is that they (and YouTube) tried to pivot away from it, compared to Megaupload which seemed to have leaned into it instead.
My kids really liked the "Who was?" series of books when they were younger and even read them as part of their school curriculum

https://www.whowasbookseries.com/who-was/
Old(?) school open source with GPL licenses doesn't seem to suffer from this, on a first glance. Maybe Stallman was right. Would love to hear from someone more knowledgeable on this. I'm not trying to troll.
If you are as curious as I were what the card looks like, then have a look at this:

https://github.com/a2fpga/a2fpga_core/blob/main/boards/a2n20...

I always find it impressive how integrated our electronics have become and how few components are required to achieve what would have taken large, crowded PCBs in the past.
What do you find disatisfactory about the conventional explanation that the Carolina bays are thermokarsts?

On a smell test level, here's a picture of a thermokarsts:

https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/73/Permafro...

And here's some pictures of the Carolina bays:

https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/-RzXM7ywZkS8/WKW0zLlhU4I/A...

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carolina_bays#/media/File%3A...

Things aren't identical just because they look alike, but again on a smell test level, it doesn't immediately strike me as implausible.

I'm certainly no expert on impact craters but that doesn't really look like a field of impact craters to me. I've never seen a photo of a field of oblate impact craters. In the LIDAR you can see many of them overlap. That would suggest to me that what formed these ovals happened many times, rather than all at once.

If you think about it, the way you get an oblate crater is to hit at an extreme angle, right? But if was an airburst, then the debris would be going down. So it should make circular craters.

Maybe it's an airburst just off the ground, a few hundred feet up or something. That way it's close enough to spray the ground at an extreme angle. But then the Carolina bays would be very close to the epicenter. So we should see some rotation among the "craters". But they're parallel. Which would mean, if they were craters, that the blast was very far away. (In which case, they would have had time to come down in parabolic arcs, and we're back to circular craters.)

If it wasn't an airburst, then it was a direct hit a mere 13k years ago. That's young enough that we should be able to find the crater. I've seen supervolcano caldera much older than that, I wouldn't imagine a crater would erode any faster.

> To say that the YDIH is debunked is not true and not helpful.

I dunno. This isn't a scientific observation, but there's something fishy with this hypothesis. It's being popularized by conspiracy theorists, and the Comet Research Group, some of it's proponents, were busted for faking evidence. The theory posits something really attention grabbing and dramatic, but it's also very speculative and didn't originate in physical evidence.

Meanwhile the alternative explanation that the AMOC was choked out by freshwater melting off the glaciers is very tidy, there's ample physical evidence for it, and it doesn't need to bring in an unlikely and external element like a comet. This explanation amounts to, "what we know was happening at the time kept happening until that forced the environment to change, through a well established mechanism we can continue to make physical observations of today." Contrast that with, "we're going to look at a time the environment changed, and back out an explanation of why that might have happened."

This just feels too convenient for me. This seems to be at least as much a vehicle for people like Hancock to claim their hypothesis - which just so happens to be a very cool and engaging story - isn't getting it's due from the scientific establishment, as it is a serious scientific endeavor to understand what happened in the Younger Dryas.
Sure, but now we would need to find another epicycle for why giving a for-profit corporation this dangerous power over its licensees is safe/benign. There is, at times, some logic to "the exception that proves the rule".
It's not just emergent behaviour. Marxism encourages communists to rise up in violent revolution against their own countryman.

"A revolution is certainly the most authoritarian thing there is; it is the act whereby one part of the population imposes its will upon the other part by means of rifles, bayonets and cannon, all of which are highly authoritarian means. And the victorious party must maintain this rule by means of the terror which its arms inspire in the reactionists." - communist manifesto
Ensure your data is secure with our mandatory telemetry. No deal.
While it's true the copyright lobby tried to make an example out of kim, it is completely useless in stopping piracy nor any form of copyright infringement that will inevitably continue to happen.

> It is just naked power exerting itself

and it's a relatively minor showing of it. Compare it to direct assasination of foreign nationals (of which both the US as well as russia has done). The chinese stationing covert forces to try to police their migrant nationals overseas (spy stuff basically), or if what snowden leaked is as widespread is it is alleged, the amount of hoovering of information and surveillance that exists!
I've done 4 3000km trips in a Tesla, and they were pleasant experiences. Only once did we ever wait 15 minutes for a charge, every other time the charging session was shorter than our bathroom and/or meal and/or hotel stop. We ended up doing most of the trip on the top half of the battery simply because the battery lasted longer than young bladders. Your experience may differ if you're not traveling with a family, but if you are, an EV on a route covered by superchargers is hassle and extra wait free.
Wow, as a non EV owner I had no idea you needed a smartphone and app to charge your car out in public. And that some charging stations didn't work with some brands of car. How could the industry screw this up so badly? I'll also be sticking with my gas car until this crap gets sorted out.
I agree. The IRS should be better funded so they can afford to update their systems and hire more tech experts.
The app works, and you can ask it why its website is down.
But Google isn’t allowed to pay to be the default search engine anymore. So that revenue stream is gone.
I think this line of argumentation follows and is logically consistent but if this is really how it worked then you're saying in the long run with probability 1 every executive will be a criminal. Nothing about what you're saying about the incentives is unique to white-collar financial crimes. For crimes that have a low chance of being caught the SOP is make the punishment disproportionately severe and weaponize the people likely to observe or carry out the crime. If all goes well you can't cycle through executives because none of them are willing to risk years of prison, fines, and being barred from leadership roles for life.

I don't see how your example resolves as anything other than the mid-level employee is guilty of bribery, and CEO of the insurance company is guilty of 2nd degree $yet-to-be-derermined-crime-name. I don't expect a CEO to somehow know of literally any crime that occurs by any of their employees, just crime by policy.
Cocaine discovery could pave way for treatment for substance abuse
I'm not in a position to disclose anything, but there is plenty of information out there about who was storing data in what repositories and what those people were using other, less-protected, repositories for.

Using the strictest logic, you should not take my word for it. Maintain a healthy skepticism that human trafficking was ever facilitated via Dotcom's enterprises. I have not provided any direct evidence that anything like that was going on and, as stated, I'm not in a position to. Everyone is more than welcome to believe that nothing more untoward than media piracy was going on in a world-renown, legally-battle-tested, completely anonymous, completely private marketplace of data.
Very happy to see more tools like this. There is so much potential for interactive tabs and sheet music with YouTube videos.

I only found out about https://www.soundslice.com recently. I'm not sure how it managed to evade me for years of searching for music resources on the internet... but for anyone interested in sheet music, I can't recommend it enough.

The design of the whole platform is so minimal and beautiful, and having notation synchronized with YouTube is simply brilliant. Built by one of the co-creators of Django, too!
It can be that while US is playing world police, characterising Dotcom's MegaUpload and Mega as a fight against it not a fitting description of them.

International crime can be a tough problem to solve. Who gets to decide what is a crime, how it should be judged and punished?
There are actually quite a few changes!

The most obvious change you'll see is the use of SSA, which has become the dominant representation in IR starting 25-30 years ago.

There's also been an increase in the importance of compiler IRs, and especially the concept of code passing through multiple IRs before reaching machine code.

Formal semantics has become more of a thing in the past decade or so. It's now routine that even weak memory models have a detailed formal model of how they work. In LLVM, it's now a requirement that you demonstrate formal correctness of new InstCombine transformations (which are essentially peephole optimizations).

The use of parser generators has really fallen into disrepute; everything has transitioned to handrolled parsers these days. Language standards themselves are starting to rely on context-sensitive keywords, which are hard to implement in a generator-based lexer/parser setup.

Optimizations have generally broadened in scope; we're now seeing whole-function level of optimization being the default way to look at stuff for analysis, and there's been a variety of techniques introduced to make whole-program optimization (aka LTO) much more tractable.

Another subtle but major shift is that compilers are increasingly reliant on inferred analysis from dumber representations over the original declared intent of the code. For example, SROA in LLVM (which breaks up structs so that individual fields can be independently allocated in registers) relies not on looking at the way the struct is declared but the offsets within the struct that various load and store operations use.

A final major shift is the trend towards support for ancillary tooling in the programming language space, so that the compiler isn't merely a tool that goes from source to object code, but is something that can be actively queried for information about the source code. Things like the language server, or smart formatting, or automatic refactoring tooling.
ML (short for "meta-language") was originally designed for use in programming language research, and really shines for that purpose. And OCaml is probably the most pragmatic dialect for the purpose.

SML is very dated and the standard library and ecosystem lack many things that are considered table stakes for a viable programming language nowadays. And F# and Scala are fine as enterprise languages, but being tied to .NET and Java respectively makes them less desirable for implementing a language that won't itself be coupled to one of those runtimes.
You want the nuttiest of the Trump nutjobs "counting" your ballots? Because thats whats going to happen.
not sure why my original comment was flagged I was going to list similar startups such as yours
This quote from Kim, in the op, indicates the same:

> “[T]he obedient US colony in the South Pacific just decided to extradite me for what users uploaded to Megaupload, unsolicited, and what copyright holders were able to remove with direct delete access instantly and without question.”
Yet it's one of the top questions on their announcement page and they won't clearly answer it.
> I think in practice, people write "Emphasize words like this.", then <left> , then <C-left><C-left> . At least I myself usually add markup immediately after writing the words to be marked up.

Is this very different from "<left> <Ctrl+Shift+left> <Ctrl+Shift+Left> <Ctrl+I>"?
> Things may get worse for a while, but then maybe they'll eventually get better than (...)

This argument is perplexing. Isn't the whole point of this sort of intervention to fix things that are broken so that everyone is better off? You're arguing for major interventions at a time they are arguably not needed at all and would expectedly leave everyone worse, and the only mitigating factor you could come up was that perhaps who knows things might "eventually get better". Maybe. I don't know?

What's the point, then?
Caring about OpenType Features
Sometimes this translates even down to the individual level. I've watched a lot of police bodycam videos and it's surprising how many people make their situation worse by being loud obnoxious tightwads when calmly answering questions and handing over your license would have you on your way in 5 minutes.
Quite simple really. Merely having a takedown process isn't enough to comply with the law. It must actually be complied with. YouTube went above and beyond in this, not only complying with DMCA requests, but not even requiring them. Megaupload's takedown process was a sham. Yes, they had a page where DMCA requests could be submitted, but actual compliance was poor, and intentionally so.

Compliance is a critical part of the DMCA. Once a site knows about infringing content, they lose safe harbor provisions.

Also, how do you think lobbying Congress would even hypothetically help YouTube in court? The DMCA doesn't have any different provisions for YouTube than it does for Megaupload.
Spain Is Thirsty
Mega stored files in the US, Carpathia and Cogent were the providers specifically.

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Megaupload_legal_case
Probably mostly Dotcom's attitude tbh
I'm a child of the 80s too and I haven't watched TV in a decade, save for the occasional TV in hotel room. I do miss the luxury of occasionally having what you watch already decided for you and the serendipity of discovering something engaging by accident. Lately it has started to feel like all the choices we have in modern life and the decision paralysis that entails is causing more not less stress. I'd hazard the biggest problem with the old format was not so much the lack of control as the lack of quality content and paradoxically having too much choice with the explosion of cable tv channels. I think there's space for a refined version of something like this to coexist with all the modern options - something like a personalized curator that picks quality content tailored to your tastes and just plays it without you having to decide exactly what to watch beyond flipping (a limited number of) channels.
Seems like a cool concept, but the tab function was more or less useless. Tried a bunch of different songs in various complexities, couldn't get anything convincing.
IMHO authority has no place in knowledge preserving institutions. Generally authority instills more ruin than good.
It might've been the original whitehouse.gov, which was a fairly early Web server (before they were called "sites").

This archive is from later (IIRC, HTML table layout wasn't yet used in 1993): https://clintonwhitehouse5.archives.gov/

Reportedly, whitehouse.gov was implemented in Common Lisp. (This was before the dotcom gold rush, so a lot of Web stuff was done by fringe Internet/computer uber-nerds -- mostly "this is interesting", and not usually "this pays money".)
This is the argument always used to excuse abuse of labor, and I completely reject it. These are skilled artists and technicians with lives to live - minimum wage is far below the minimum they're owed. Just because powerful interests - who can manipulate the courts as much as they do their contracts - have found a reliable way to exploit workers, doesn't mean that it's how things should work. And it definitely doesn't oblige me to feel sorry for them when they get scammed themselves. Just deserts.
Dropping this one here! (no affiliation)

https://www.linuxfromscratch.org/

"Linux From Scratch (LFS) is a project that provides you with step-by-step instructions for building your own custom Linux system, entirely from source code."
Writing clean and maintainable SQL queries is crucial for any application working with databases. Traditional string concatenation can lead to security vulnerabilities and messy code, so Vaunt built our own solution called TQLA.

Our goals are:
Security: Prevent SQL injection with proper variable replacement.
Readability: Keep queries clear and easy to understand.
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Thanks, hope to see you in a mock sometime!
You literally did the exact thing GP is complaining about.
Props for calling it source available and not hiding behind "you can't police the meaning of open source", though.
>At Megaupload they were not eventually removed.

This is not true. All DMCIA requests were properly addressed and the content removed.

They even had a dedicated page to submit these requests, years before YouTube and others did so.

>Top management of Megaupload had discussions specifically about encouraging more piracy and making it harder for rights holders to get infringing material removed.

I would like to see a source for this.
The Making of the President 1960
My ideal would be if regulations which made it necessary that downtime metrics had to be reported with at most somewhere between a 10m and 30m delay as "suspected reliability issue".

If your reliability metrics have lots of false positives, that's on you and you'll have to write down some reason why those false positives exist every time.

Then that company could decide for itself whether to update manually with "not a reliability issue because X".

This lets consumers avoid being gaslighted and businesses don't technically have to call it downtime.
> Seriously, faux outrage is not convincing.

How you can know if her outrage is fake or not?

I can easily see how she could be offended. In my opinion, it's offensive on its face. Perhaps there's some sort of innocuous meaning that people missed, but I haven't seen such an explanation.
My brothers are much more into fantasy football than I am but, I still love it. Thanks for checking the app out!
This is why definition of terms is so important in discussions of this type. The word socialism/socialist has been bastardized and propagandized beyond comprehension now. Socialism covers a broad range of potential policies and structures, but in modern discourse the average person seems to slot it in almost exclusively to mean government tyranny and communism. Meanwhile communism now seems to mean evil beyond any consideration.
> But that's the problem. Crimes are profitable.

Which is why we need the law to make crimes not profitable, or at least to attach enough personal risk to dissuade decision makers. It's how we got US corporations to stop dispensing bribes in foreign countries, to which exactly the same logic applies.
I'm just so shocked that VC is following the open source for a while then fuck you business playbook. If only there was prior art to warn people that this was a risk, like all the other VC backed software projects.