skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
There's a helpful animation of how a spike protein attachs to a cell and how it moves the virus closer to the host at the end of the article. It also visualizes the how an antibody attaching to a small section of the spike protein interferes with the motion of the virus towards the cell.
> I just have to censor my outputs when doing drawings for people.

If any output is infringing the model must itself be infringing by definition. The correct solution isn’t to censor the result the correct solution is to delete the model.
And yet, you also have the experience of existing and the experience of thinking and the experience of making decisions. I think this is evidence that your analysis is missing something. (And before you just dismiss this as wrong, note that an incorrect model generally fails at the edges, so these quiet discrepancies are important hints.) If you focus on the components, how can you see the higher-order whole? If you can only see cells, it is hard to perceive the body. If you can only see the assembly code it is hard to grok the algorithm, let alone the purpose for which the algorithm is used.

On the other hand, if you insist that there are no human beings, you should adopt the values/morals of Buddhism, since your arguments of non-existence are very similar to Buddhist arguments.
OT: it’s amazing how fewer bugs, inspects, etc exist today than when I was a kid.

I still have vivid memories of car trips and the windowshield & the front of car - being completely covered with dead bugs.

I have to imagine all those bugs were food for moths.
Debate is for maladjusted high school students. All we have here is laughing at he who thought that there are no costs to transition from using Google's ad service to something else, and continuing to laugh at the doubling down on the out-to-lunchery that followed.

You'd have known that if you read the comments.
I bought the GTD book. But then I went on to misplace it and didn't find it for over a year. I might be a hopeless case.
According to Investopedia [1], US debt rose most under administrations of FDR, Woodrow Wilson, and Ronald Reagan. This is pretty easy to explain by their terms coinciding with winning in WWII, WWI, and the Cold War respectively.

The last president to attain a budget surplus was indeed a surprise for me.

[1]: https://www.investopedia.com/us-debt-by-president-dollar-and...
More from Caplan here on this: https://80000hours.org/podcast/episodes/bryan-caplan-stop-re...
Then those salesmen need to be silenced. They are selling the public AGI when every scientist says we don't have AGI but maybe through iterative research we can approach it.
I've been (semi-)intentionally unemployed for a little over a year now, and I reached a point a couple months ago where I just LOST IT at the prospect of having to continue to make decisions at every moment of every day about what to do next. I even have a daily checklist of about 15 things I need to do every day to keep making at least minimal progress toward my goals, but because none of them had assigned times, I was still having to choose every. damn. thing.

So I decided the list should be done before lunch, which meant I could pick anything on the list, but it had to be something on the list. And after lunch, I have a list of three big-picture projects I can work on. I can choose any one of them, but it has to be one of them. Their next steps are reasonably well laid out, because I don't think I do generally have executive dysfunction issues, so I get to pick one of three projects and work on it until dinner.

This has saved my sanity. I don't waste very much time at all now. I don't do well with strict routines, but these buckets take so much of the guess work out. In the morning, 15 options. In the afternoon, only 3. It's so much more manageable.
>Blockbuster should have eliminated late fees and offered DVDs by subscription in-store, but they made too much money off the late fees.

FWIW they did do exactly that. It was a monthly subscription fee, you could have three movies or games out at a time, no late fees. I don't remember what the plan was named but I think it was movie pass, to start a new membership you typed "pass" into the terminal. It was pushed somewhat strongly in store I remember having a new sign ups quota per shift.

So strange that this somehow became a relevant tidbit in a post about Borland ignoring Macs.
Yeah TFL killed them off starting 2010 in London due to this. I'm surprised this is even a thing now.
I find this is the same for me with writing in a journal. It is almost like an analogy with inertia. It takes a lot of effort to get started and then momentum kicks in.
This solves nothing, just like with guns it just accelerates a race to the bottom. If no one pays taxes and everybody hoards their money just like the elite then no one is going to pay for the public services everybody needs.
"streaming data" can generally be thought of as a sequence of events in time. Think measurements from sensors, mouse click events from uses on a webpage, or access logs from a server. These events are often fed into a message bus type system like Apache Kafka or AWS Kinesis.

Stream processing is a programming paradigm for working with these types of timestamped events and a "stream processing engine" like Denormalized seeks to actually execute stream processing compute jobs against streaming data.

The goal of the engine is to abstract away as much of the low level complexities needed to effectively work with this data at scale and provide an ergonomic way for developers to write and operate streaming applications.
It's sad to me that the 'common' buckeye seems to be anything but common these days, it's always been one of my favorites to look at.
I spent a good part of a year working specifically with the Bluetooth GATT spec designing my own client and servers which would try to function as close to the spec as possible.

The spec is very bad, I'm sorry but I understand the amount of effort that must have gone into building it. There are blatant holes in the entire spec, documents are broken apart in some chaotic pattern where to implement a single ATT you need to reference 3 documents simultaneously(almost).

The documents have broken links or just flat out incorrect links. Worst part is, a lot of device manufacturers just yeet the GATT out the window and have custom UUIDs with custom everything which you'll never be able to implement properly with reverse engineering it.

Idk I think the spec is a good initiative marred by execution
Oh... yes. I had a total brainfart there and started thinking about the time for a pixel (which is 10 bits).
I consider myself a software developer and I use it. We have tooling like Tenable to help ensure we’re using least privilege and adhering to security and compliance standards.
War is good for business. It's the 34th rule of acquisition.

https://youtu.be/pgUA1tluVmE?si=H_XON7YHc7peHSs7
Does a CISO even make this decision? Probably like a contractor hired by the building manager of an anonymous commercial real estate holding company.
They used to say the same thing about Perl and Python

Downvoted. Hmmm. I’m a little tired so I don’t want to go into detail. However, I was a Perl programmer when Python was rising. So, needless to say, having a big lead doesn’t matter.

Please learn from history. A big lead means nothing.
Non-PDF link w/ abstract: https://eprint.iacr.org/2024/1275

MIFARE Classic: exposing the static encrypted nonce variant

Cryptology ePrint Archive, Paper 2024/1275

author: Philippe Teuwen
This is as much an indictment of ChatGPT as it is of the Iranians. According to OpenAI, their product produces output that no one in their right mind would want to read for any purpose.
AIUI it was Bloomberg that first reported on it.-

But, who would go out on such a limb to actually confirm such a thing ...

It is, however - a near-certainty that it exists ...

... as are China's efforts to develop their own chipmaking capabilities.-
London Bridge tested tech to track individuals inside the station
> most developers I encounter these days are far more concerned with algorithms and shuttling JSON around than figuring out the domain they're working within and modelling entities and interactions

The anemic domain model was identified as an anti-pattern quite a long time ago[1].
It usually shows up along with Primitive Obession[2]
and result in a lot of code doing things to primitive types like strings
and numbers,
with all kinds of validation and checking code all over the place.
It can also result in a lot of duplication of code that doesn't look obviously like duplication because it's not syntactically identical,
yet it's functionally doing the same thing.

1 https://martinfowler.com/bliki/AnemicDomainModel.html

2 https://wiki.c2.com/?PrimitiveObsession
Ally checking account with overdraft protection transfer-from-savings turned on and less than 5 bills a month :-P
That's cool weekend project. My weekend project will be to remove tailwind tho. Just noticed that the components are so well defined that having each their own CSS is better than using utility classes
The node operator subscribes their node to topics, so yeah that part is manual, and that's how the humans express their interest. You might have to update it every now and then if one topic is killing your battery or your hard drive or you just don't care anymore. The data which that topic governs is handled by the synchronization function which runs periodically without supervision.

Whether some or all of the data is encrypted is an application level detail. At the network layer you just call the function provided by the app/topic and it tells you whether to accept or ignore a datum, and which datum to delete if the storage quota for that topic is full. Lots of things don't need encryption (e.g. map tiles). Or if there's some kind of trust structure in place, the node may have keys necessary for doing the decryption--it's not like you're carrying data for apps besides those you're participating in.

As for the peer filtering thing, peer-discovery and synchronization would happen in time slots. So if it happens for 30 seconds each time and this app in particular gets 30% of that, then I guess you spend 10 seconds trying to see if any of those 10^12 peers are worth synchronizing with. Maybe you're checking to see if they're n hops away on your web of trust for that topic or something like that, it would depend on the case. But I don't see how this case has anything to do with mesh networking: all forms of communication are susceptible to DOS of some kind or another. The best we can do is limit the blast radius and maybe raise it to the user so they can handle the adversary out of band.
I wonder what the best argument is for a median American needing to watch the news in order to do their civic duty. E.g. how will the average Joe be able to impact a century-long conflict in Palestine?

At what point is it just people living a delusion, overestimating their ability to impact the rest of the world, refusing to accept that they're just an NPC with zero agency when it comes to major issues outside of their immediate neighborhood?
Melatonin and Magnesium together at night is amazing, if you want to keep experimenting. Watch out for the pre-packaged combos though that usually have Magnesium Oxide and is a bit laxative. I prefer Magnesium Glycinate which is a bit gentler on my stomach.
Briar Project: Secure messaging anywhere
Noticed some weird sections in their end uset agreement, maybe someone smatter than me can explain if this is normal.

“We've put this up front (and in caps) because it's important:
THIS AGREEMENT CONTAINS A BINDING, INDIVIDUAL ARBITRATION AND CLASS-ACTION WAIVER PROVISION.
IF YOU ACCEPT THIS AGREEMENT, YOU AND EPIC AGREE TO RESOLVE CERTAIN DISPUTES IN BINDING, INDIVIDUAL ARBITRATION AND GIVE UP THE RIGHT TO GO TO COURT INDIVIDUALLY OR AS PART OF A CLASS ACTION, AND EPIC AGREES TO PAY YOUR ARBITRATION COSTS FOR ALL DISPUTES OF UP TO $10,000 THAT ARE MADE IN GOOD FAITH (SEE SECTION 12).
TO ENTER INTO THIS AGREEMENT, YOU MUST BE AN ADULT OF THE LEGAL AGE OF MAJORITY IN YOUR COUNTRY OF RESIDENCE. YOU ARE LEGALLY AND FINANCIALLY RESPONSIBLE FOR ALL ACTIONS USING OR ACCESSING OUR SOFTWARE, INCLUDING THE ACTIONS OF ANYONE YOU ALLOW TO ACCESS YOUR ACCOUNT. YOU AFFIRM THAT YOU HAVE REACHED THE LEGAL AGE OF MAJORITY, UNDERSTAND AND ACCEPT THIS AGREEMENT (INCLUDING ITS DISPUTE RESOLUTION TERMS). IF YOU ARE UNDER THE LEGAL AGE OF MAJORITY, YOUR PARENT OR LEGAL GUARDIAN MUST CONSENT TO THIS AGREEMENT.”
Indeed, Russia has YandexGPT and Gigachat which are more than enough for generating articles (although they're far worse at reasoning).
ThreadPlotter – toolkit for punch needle embroidery with X-Y plotters (2020)
The HN community might be interested in the XML-based tech used to produce this book, namely https://pretextbook.org/
Flywheels are only high speed when they are not doing any work.

As soon as they start doing work, they slow down.

Flywheels are different from positive feedback loops, which is what people usually mean when they talk about flywheels.

A flywheel is just a rotational store of energy. It's not. Usefully different from lifting a heavy weight via a pulley, and then releasing it a bit when you need to use it lift something else.
It performs the same function as a chargeable electric battery.
Made me think of the famous McNamara fallacy: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/McNamara_fallacy

"The fourth step is to say that what can't be easily measured really doesn't exist. This is suicide."
LLMs get a lot of attention because they were the first architecture that could scale to a trillion parameters while still improving with every added parameter.
Because I don't read one single outlet, I need to read many to understand what is happening, and subscribing to many different outlets is expensive. So I just paste the links into incognito mode, or 12ft, or Archive.org, and I read it for free.

Then I use the money to buy other things that I actually want.
Absolutely spot on! I haven't thought about Nate Silver in years, and after seeing people hate on him I went and read the article, and now I also get the ick from him. Here are some of those "I'm a complete asshole" tribal signifiers that set off alarm bells in my own brain:

> Democratic-aligned “Village” elites.

Such a worn out strawman. Wealthy Republicans and Libertarians are successful because they earned it, but wealthy Democrats are corrupt "elites". Give me a break.

> those of us who understand the algorithms hold the trump cards.

So he's separating the world into "idiot sheep" and "cunning wolves", and he's of course one of the wolves. He's talking about "trump cards" like the purpose of life is to win over weaker, stupider people. He sounds like a psychopath.

> their ties are deep, they speak one another’s language, through terms like expected value, Nash equilibriums and Bayesian priors.

Another "people in my tribe are smart because they know how to manipulate the behavior of people in the other camp". When most people learn what these things are, they go "oh cool, a sometimes-useful model for making better decisions", not "OMG this is the key to finally being able to ruthlessly manipulate others!". Nate is assuming that if someone is not playing The Psychopath Game, it's because they're too stupid, not because they don't want to.

It looks to me like Nate is doing the thing where he gets successful, which allows him to say more of what he's really thinking, and when he starts to get negative feedback from that, he doubles and triples and quarduples down. Prediction: he's going to get worse, with his public writings getting more and more overtly hateful and persecution-complexed, until he suddenly realizes he's scared of his own fanbase. We see lots of people on this curve: Jordan Peterson, J.K. Rowling, Elon Musk.
For the sake of completeness, it important to recognize that muni money market funds exist, such as VMSXX, VCTXX, and VYFXX.

My impression is that the current yields of these funds are not high enough to justify for most taxpayers, compared to other funds. But since everyone is different, it can be helpful to sit down and do the math for your individual situation.

https://thefinancebuff.com/best-vanguard-money-market-fund-y...
That makes sense it's more that from first principles when exploring the options it looked like and I see below based on the public page, it wasn't even contemplated.. instead various key value stores without transactionality, and with eventual consistency and limited secondary indexing capabilities were looked at that are not widely used.

I guess my deeper point is there's sort of the illusion of a comprehensive analysis in the post when actually engines that haven't been widely used in 5-10 years were analyzed when more widely deployed engines weren't even analyzd that's what was odd
Impressive,though I still think Kkrieger is the most impressive tiny game I've seen.
lot of contrarian takes are popular but rarely implemented in reality
The Deno Standard Library
Yes, but are there any AGPL-licensed libraries? I've only seen runnable binaries licensed under AGPL. I can theoretically imagine one, "if you want to build a server application using my binary, I don't want you hiding my source code from your users", but even GPL-licensed libraries are rare, LGPL is more common.
> The point here is that while Terraform and similiar technologies have existed for the past decade, providing Ops and Infrastructure teams with the tools they need to cleanly document their infrastructure, application development teams have had access to no such tools in this time.

...Don't they have access to the same tools, though? And if they don't, it sounds more like an internal policy issue or operational inefficiency of whatever org they're in? Terraform is Terraform for developers.

Besides, I believe the promoted approach is fundamentally misguided.

Application code has no business getting involved in the infrastructure it's running on. They layers of abstraction should be separated.

It's fine if your team manages their own Dockerfiles, k8s schemas, helm charts, terraform/CF templates or whathaveyou. Cohost them in the same git repo even, if you must. Use all the platform-specific APIs and integrations you want.

The application itself should be competetely agnostic to all of that, though, and has no business interacting with any of those APIs. You use common interfaces like environment variables, filesystem, and CLI flags to communicate between upper and lower layers. You do not have your services go and read k8s secrets over API, interact with the container runtime, or make direct API calls to ECS[0], for example. You keep those layers abstracted away from application code. That has nothing to do with the "who".

On a language level, there are _very_ good reasons to prefer a declarative DSL over any turing-complete general-purpose language. Not saying you should use HCL specifically but scripting your infrastructure provisioning in JS doesn't seem like a step forward compared to ye olde bash scripts...

[0]: I'm sure you have a valid counter-example. The point still stands in general.
AI and Scaffolding
Synthesizing Abstract Transformers for Reduced-Product Domains
It's a good thing for them to report this, but for a company that decided against watermarking their output they are kind of complicit.

I know they might lose their teens and college demographic if they do it, but if it's truly this world-changing tool that they claim than not watermarking is scraping the serial number off the guns they're selling.*

* Maybe a shitty analogy
I think the difference is that our goals with startups has changed. Money has always been important, but other things matter too. They still do, but I believe money has weighting that money has to the equation has significantly increased.

I think Apple is a good example. There's plenty of critiques to Jobs (neither saint nor villain, but man) but he at least understood something: functionality and aesthetics go hand in hand. It always sucked to pay a premium for Apple hardware (and I even long protested it, fearing we'd get what we now have). But at least the hardware was higher quality (I'm aware of arm, that's not what I'm talking about), the aesthetics were great, in both the physical machine and the software. But now, what is the innovation? Smaller? Thinner?

I feel like Pantheon captured this very well when they have Pope saying he doesn't know what he's doing so he's really just trying to get Steve back to tell him what to do. I feel like this has happened all over Silicon Valley (and the rest of the world). The metrics became the targets. The hacker mentality of make products that make a better world and get rich while doing it are not as valued, even if it was always a facade. We still had deep respect and revered the hackers that rejected the money. The reason to learn to program was not to get rich, but to control computers. And whatever that meant to you, is true (even with silly bitter "vim vs emacs" rivalries. But even that illustrates a difference of today). The days people wrote the hacker manifesto, the deep ties to anti-authority, the liberation that the net could provide, all that and more. Now, I see two very different classes of students when I teach. There are the kids who love computers. Sometimes they skip class, sometimes they come in for a sense of duty, but when you provide an environment to let them be free they will give you the best projects even if they fail the tests. But most students just want an A and a good paying job.

I could never blame anyone for that! Life sucks, and we all gotta live. But the passion is different. Less finding problems to solve and more finding problems that allows them to use a specific tool (whatever is most popular at the time: currently ML). I don't blame anyone, but yeah, it is different. These things still exist, and probably even in higher quantities than ever before, but I'm willing to bet that it is not true for percentage. It's like we won, but forgot why we did all this in the first place.
> But who would go through the pains of manually making up a mushroom identification book, while perhaps being quite clueless about the topic, on the faint hope of selling a few copies

Err, at least 1 person: English As She is Spoke[1] was published in 1883 and was a lot more involved (lots of literal translation by an author who didn't speak English)

1. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_as_She_Is_Spoke
AlleyWatch – The Pulse of New York Tech
Thank you for making and sharing this!

Do you envision it predominantly being used on a mobile device?

I (personally) found it a bit "fiddly" to aim for the horizontal scrollbar with my mouse -- maybe I missed an easy-to-use mechanic here?

In any case, I love this exploration of alternative browsing interfaces. Kudos to you for building this prototype!
Frontend developers have been making great tools to render text for a long time. Why are backend developers so slow on adopting the same ideas?
I would be interested to read an article or documentary on tax havens in general.

How did they come to be? What are the origins of "shell companies"? Why do they still exist in 2024? How is profit shifting legal and why do countries allow it?

Why do countries like Switzerland have such strict banking privacy rules? Do they do that intentionally to attract foreign money into their country?

Basically, is there another side to this coin that isn't so obvious from the outside looking in.
i like pytorch because all the academia release their code with it

ive never even heard of jax nor will i have the skills to use it

i literally just want to know two things: 1) how much vram 2) how to run it on pytorch
Oops. I should have said, "Their news feels redacted to the point it looks like Swiss cheese, and smells like Limburger."