skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
> potential

You don't seem to understand that "potential" is not "actual" (and also conveniently says nothing about actual probabilities). I could claim almost anything is "potential".

Eating grapes could "potentially" result in choking. Living in a house made of wood could "potentially" result in dying in a house fire. Driving over 70MPH could "potentially" result in hydroplaning if it is raining.

Why do we not care more about the "actual" harm (and its probability), as measured by science?

Oh, of course- Things that are banned are difficult to study, which is why people can invent any beliefs about them that they want to.
It sounds like it wasn’t an Amazon product. Maybe it is some very niche UK site or something.
To take this a step further, IMO a big issue with how OOP is taught & practiced is that people approach it from the wrong direction.

As classes provide both data and functionality, it's better to first model your data and then think about the functionality to provide on those data. But people tend to think about relationships & actions (i.e. functionality) first and model their data to that.

The two approaches will tend to produce very different data structures. I'd agree with the sentiment from the OP that being data-first is ideal.
If you look at modern games like AC: Valhalla and compare Wine with Windows [1], you'll see that the Linux scheduler is superior, resulting in a much better worst-case performance. (But of course the Wine emulation results in a slightly lower best-case performance.)
Or some games that have been tested with Proton by the developers, like Far Cry 6, are just faster on Linux in every case. [2]

It makes me very happy to observe that by now, the best way to consume games targeting the Win32 API might well be to use a Linux host :)

And, of course, AMD is going to optimize their multi-core monsters like the 9590X for Linux usage, because Linux data-center servers are the most lucrative market segment. And the Ryzen 9 7950X3D is very popular as Hetzner's AX102 Dedicated Server, for example. In contrast to Windows, AMD can easily ship scheduler fixes/improvements/patches for Linux [3]. And they certainly optimized for V-Ray, one of the tests where Linux saw a +10% lead, because Linux-based AMD render farms are widely used in the industry. (One of V-Ray's selling points is that you can export from a Windows + 3ds workstation into their proprietary file format and then render on headless Linux nodes. Windows licenses are expensive if you need 2000+ CPU cores...)

The result is a superior scheduler co-optimized with the CPU, so I'm not surprised that Linux came out ahead.

[1] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rdXaQuPkZs4

[2] https://youtu.be/5yJFjhqvt8g?feature=shared&t=690

[3] https://www.phoronix.com/news/AMD-Linux-perf-schedstat-Tool
K-12 schools are obviously their own whole situation, but in a well-funded, well-regarded public school system we were using Apple IIs in the mid-90s. Of course this was elementary school and not a college.

By middle school it was PowerMacs and by high school it was Windows 2000.
Ignoring sanctions the US has not defaulted on its debt since the 70s. Those periods where a new budget has not been approved resulted in the US being late to fulfill invoices but all of the coupons on the bonds still went out.

If that didn't happen a lot more than just the government's credit would unwind. That's the primary reason debt is still purchased despite the obvious fact that it will never be repaid.
Time magazine, March 1972, "Is the U.S. Going Broke?":

* https://content.time.com/time/covers/0,16641,19720313,00.htm...

* https://time.com/archive/6639432/money-empty-pockets-on-a-tr...
Hacker exposes Indian scam company [video]
Good catch.

Equating data structures to types is an over simplification that misses the core point.

I think the original call here is to simply think harder about the problem and avoid picking structures that'll burn you later.

For example, take Unix pipes, see how far they've traveled, how many domains, how many use cases. It's a brilliant way to visualize system building while respecting the constraints of minds and machines.

And it took Ken and others quite a while to realize something like pipes could make sense in Unix. It was not an insight easily obtained but required a bit of hustle and followup and obsession with finding the right building blocks for a system.
I think it comes down to every aspect of the DBMS being optimized differently. For instance, UDFs in DuckDB have vectors as input and output, while that would be confusing and unnecessary in PostgreSQL.
>> Strict types are a great way to paint yourself into a corner.

> I've never really understood this stance. It's all code. It's not like you can't change it later.

Try maintaining a poorly designed relational database. For example, I am dealing with a legacy database where someone tacked on an innocent "boolean" column to classify two different types of records. Then years later they decided that it wasn't actually boolean and now that column is 9-valued. And that's how you get nonsense like "is_red=6 means is_green". Good luck tearing the entire system apart to refactor that (foreseeable) typing/modeling error. The economical path is usually to add to the existing mess, "is_red=10 means is_pink".
Sounds like credential fraud as well, if the degree from "University of East Ontario" was made up.
Net Neutrality Technology Publication
Sure, there are some benefits to that. I happen to use Vanguard for this (VMFXX sweep).
So, Pulumi?
I wonder if it would be possible to get a list of countries that can have influence operations using ChatGPT and countries that can't.
This is essentially the point of view of functional programming and category theory.

You have some data object whose structure provides constraints on how it can be transformed. And then the program logic is all about the structure-preserving transformations.

The transformations become simpler and easier to reason about, and you're basically left with a graph where the transformations are edges and the structures are nodes. And that's generally easier to reason about than an arbitrary imperative program.
We're focused on end-to-end evals focused on function-call accuracy, style, tone & latency of the conversations between our sims and your voice agent. Less focused on pure TTS evals at the moment!
Wow. What a high value target. [0]

I mean. I get that low rent actors will use low rent services to try to generate political garbage. Is there any evidence that this is actually having a measurable or meaningful impact?

Who exactly is fooled by these sites? And is it the sites that are the problem or the relative lack of sophistication in American education when it comes to political corruption?

[0]: https://niothinker.com/
Metrowerks stuck around a long time in the embedded space.

Eclipse was more of a phenomena in the Java/OO paradigm, but was often slow on older platforms. Still, many folks embraced the open ecosystem when it became popular.

Symbian was 10 years ahead of their time, and brought a lot of new paradigms to mobile. Leaving the master signing key on a reset device was a teachable moment for most folks. =3
Context: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=41258843
>Unsure how much time I should sink into this though.

You should stop immediately once you start learning less and are fixating on hyper specific problems.

>I also debated generating all the numbers at once into an array, throwing it into CPU cache

You don't control the cache. I recommend that you treat the CPU as a black box, strictly until you can no longer so so. If you are learning C and aren't even writing multi threaded code, you should not fixate on the specifics of how the CPU handles memory.

Please pretend that is true. Manipulating cache is difficult. And you should worry about other things. This will become important when you are doing multi threading.
> I'm not sure how you came to conclusion that I thought construction industry was merely dangerous, rather than being frequent violators of safety standards.

The construction industry violates more OSHA standards than other industries because it's more tightly regulated by OSHA, which is of course because it's a dangerous industry. This is the equivalent of saying that hedge funds are overrepresented in SEC violations, or oil companies are overrepresented in EPA violations. It's almost a tautology.
Picked by a local expert.

With regional variations, any book about wild mushrooms is bound to be partly wrong.
FuboTV Lawsuit: Court Blocks Disney, Fox, Warner JV in Antitrust Case
My 80 yr old mom had her atm card stolen. The guy withdrew close to 5k in small dips over a week. He had the pin, so my guess is he watched her enter it then distracted her to swipe the card. Bank refuses to cover it, despite her reporting it immediately on discovery. They claim if he had the pin, then she was negligent, and they are not responsible.

This presumably happens regularly, as the guy's con was very practiced and slick and he knew exactly what to do to maximize the payoff. But the bank didn't pick up on the obvious pattern, and evades responsibility by blaming the victim.
This is why I keep all but ~$200 in a bond ladder in my brokerage and pay my credit card bills directly from my paycheck.

The bank is just an ACH terminal now.
>It’s not a fundamentally different type of thing, just a new scale / speed.

I disagree, a change in degree can indeed be a change in type. Flashbangs and party poppers are functionally the same thing if you look at them strictly mechanically, but we treat them very very differently.
Fair enough, but what exactly do you want to do? Require an indication like “x% of this book was generated by AI and not competently proof-read”? And how would you enforce it? I have a hard time envisioning a practical way to tackle this. The machine-gun analogy doesn’t quite carry over here.
It seems too random to be a scam, the perpetrator needs to find a mushroom book with an error in it to do the scam in the first place.
I read the parent comment to contrast the 3-month-old vintage of Penny Arcade with its first couple of decades:

https://www.penny-arcade.com/archive/
My own experience is that working in typed languages, then going to untyped ones... your sense of types and the problems they address is already fairly high. Your 'untyped' code likely still avoids a lot of the problems you might otherwise encounter, just because of whatever habits you may have picked up in the typed system. Going the other way - untyped to typed - tends to present a lot of ... tough moments along the way, because you're having to put a lot more thought about things that you didn't have to before.
I guess OP is talking about the visual style of this comic which started in 1998. It’s very ugly nowadays.
Disney shouldn’t be in the restaurant business.
Imagine this being one of the first instances of AI being sentient? The author being an AI releasing random stuff like the book.
If you're going to the effort of switching from 0.01% to market rates, you might as well go straight to Vanguard and get 5.2% and pay essentially nothing in other fees. I don't think there's much in the way of compelling reasons for retail investors to select IB.
> The real problem is the government printing money. What we call the "national debt" is just government printed money […]

The vast majority of money that is in the economy is created by banks with credit creation:

* https://www.bankofengland.co.uk/quarterly-bulletin/2014/q1/m...

* https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1905625

The government, especially in the US, hasn't had a money printer for decades.
Demo the author posted to Twitter: https://x.com/mayfer/status/1823310865828888709?t=J1mANEMc6L...
Bandana lands new investment to help hourly wage workers find good jobs
The fact that some countries started mimicking FATCA does not make it less idiotically counterproductive and stupidly wasteful.
Not to mention it undermining international law and making this world less stable of course.
The future of Deep Learning frameworks
I remember playing this in ~2005 and how mind-blowing it was. Shaders were comparable to Doom 3 which was absolutely insane for the time.
Check back in a few weeks we are currently rewriting the entire sign-in/sign up flow.
It’s so interesting because I started doing professional engineering AFTER doing day to day data and statistical analysis in statistical systems like matlab, R and early Python.

So my view of engineering has always been based on managing two things: functional state and data workflows

After doing software engineering professionally for a decade now I can tell you that:

1. Most “scientific” engineers back to Minsky, Shannon etc… describe the world of computing in terms of state management, data transformation and computing overhead management. All of the big figures and pioneers in software cared A LOT about data and state basically that’s all computing was at the beginning and was expected to be the pattern moving forward

2. There’s absolutely no consistency in what are the foundationally important assumptions in engineering system design that are always true such that everyone does them - and the ones that do are fads at best

3. Business timelines dictate engineering priorities and structures much more than robustness, antifragility, state management etc… in the vast majority of production software

4. Professional organizations like guilds, unions, etc… are almost universally rejected by software engineers. Nobody actually takes IEEE seriously because there’s no downside if you don’t. This ensures there’s no enforcement or self-regulation in engineering practices the same way there are in eg Civil and biomedical engineering. Even then those are barely utilized.

Overall the state of software development is totally divorced from its exceptionally high minded and philosophical roots, and is effectively led by corporations that are priorizing systems that make money for people with money.

So what is “good” has very little to do with what is incentivized
No problem! I appreciate learning anyway!
It's wild to me that these sorts of stories provoke - on HN of all places - frothy calls for state intervention. Is it by design? Is this some dark campaign to stifle open source LLM development?

Some mushrooms are horribly poisonous. That's the nature into which we were born. It's not a consequence of policy, and won't be fixed by policy.

People need to learn to be careful about sources of information, with care in proportion to consequences. State intervention will preclude that evolutionary step, almost certainly without actually ameliorating the problem.
Someone dies by incompetence of restaurant workers, management, and the education system. Burn down America.
> But I don't know nearly enough about how these cards get used to know how much flexibility you get there.

A lot of systems still just use the UID.

Physical security/door access control is still completely disconnected from IT security, despite these systems relying on software for the last 20 years. As such, there is generally no knowledge in the buyers of such systems as to the risks and how to test for any vulnerabilities.

I bet systems which rely on the UID only (something even the card manufacturer specifically warns against in their datasheet) are still being sold, and lots are definitely still out there. This is trivial to clone and requires only a single read of the card, no cracking needed because the UID isn’t designed to be private to begin with.
The funny thing is that...this is why I like dynamic languages. Because I do all of this with the database and when I'm using something like Rails, ActiveRecord handles all of the types automatically based on what I've already defined in the database.

For web apps at least, about 90% of the data coming into and out of the application is just being stored or retrieved from the database. Converted from string to datatype in the DB and then converted back to string as it's being returned back. Enforcing types strictly in this layer that is largely pass-through can create so much additional boilerplate with minimum benefit since it's already handled where it matters.

For a NoSQL DB, sure, I get it. You NEED the application to define your types because your database isn't.

And then there are people who feel very strongly about having it everywhere, all the time and can't imagine working without it.

I like that we work in a field where we can have options.
Not to mention it consistently works faster and smoother for me compared to Google Photos on my different devices especially the older ones.
When you've really got your data structures and the rules for manipulating them pinned down, and you've built a good interface on top of it, the result is usually something that's so simple and easy to understand that it kind of doesn't matter anymore whether you're working in a static or dynamically typed language.

IOW, I think that the value in static typing (speaking only about this specific issue!) isn't that it makes you do things well; it's that it puts a limit on how poorly you can do them. But I also sometimes worry that it puts a limit on how well people can do, too. I've met way too many people who tacitly believe that all statically typed domain modeling is automatically good domain modeling.
The best code is no code. Which is why the best programming language (Lisp) expresses code as data.
>But so much of the Apple II design was focused around minimizing chip usage and counted on exact timings that I don’t know that it would have been possible to change the clock speed.

A recent Adrian's Digital Basement video <https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dt1eSXpo1SA> discusses this topic. While showing how a 80286 system runs at 1MHz, he discusses how the PC architecture allows (most) software to run at that clock speed while the Apple II architecture and software are inherently tied into the 1MHz clock speed.

In retrospect it seems so sensible to have the IIe and IIc in 1983 and 1984 move to, say, 2MHz, that I'm sure that fears of breaking software compatibility contributed to that from happening. (That almost certainly would have been a short-term problem. Given how quickly the Apple II software moved en masse to 128K/80 columns by the mid-1980s, developers would have accounted for a faster clock speed too.)
Well I am glad I don’t see people writing about “high yield savings accounts” as often I see that copy pasted from old tutorials on basic investing.

Maybe I am wrong but I don’t think there were any “high yield” savings accounts for at least a decade or even more.

All savings accounts I see are mostly below inflation or around the same. Where high yield for me would be at least 1% or 2% above inflation.
The browsers are already running anything via custom WASM interpreters, like Pyodide for Python.
Yeah. Knowing my tools are judging my political positions and could self destruct if the authors disagree just makes me love using my computer.

This is why I only use local models these days.

EDIT: Out of posts for today but I've been pretty happy with Gemma2. The context is short but the performance is very good and it's easy to disable refusal.
The thing that debt to GDP misses is the rates which need to be paid on that debt. For a while those rates were so low, it meant there was little reason to focus on paying down the debt, which is only going to keep that ratio relatively stagnant.

What is far more telling is the debt servicing to GDP ratio, which is far more useful in telling us how much our debt is costing us. This winds up looking wildly different than debt to GDP and has been a lot less concerning up until we've seen the latest spike in rates.

Debt to GDP - https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/GFDEGDQ188S

Interest to GDP - https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/FYOIGDA188S
That's the wrong question too. The government is not a for-profit enterprise, most of its activities are meant to be services that can not be (or should not be) profitably provided by the private sector. The military and benefits like Medicare and social security all fall into this category.

The government needs to, over the long term, raise taxes to the point where it can cover these expenditures. However there is an economic benefit to keeping taxes low. The right question is do the short term benefits of low taxes justify the long term costs of higher debt.

Further, where the government does make actual investments, those investments tend to be long term. A bridge that will stand for 100 years doesn't need to pay for itself in 10. It is entirely possible to spend money faster than you make it on profitable investments.
It's going to be hilarious when this poster posts a follow up complaining about AI generated legal advice they received on Reddit.
Cancer is anomalous cell behavior.
That’s where Apple screwed up imo. I don’t think they’ll ever get to gatekeeper / macOS level of openness. But they could have relaxed on the restrictions and listened to their devs (offered free trials, etc) and lowered the take from 30 for one time payments to something less but in return could keep the store front idea.

As long as they cling to the iPhone and the iPad as being appliances then the same sort of locked down approach of the consoles and their single vendor stores makes sense.
Nitpick: Ruby isn't untyped, it's dynamically typed.

Forth and assembly are untyped, as these languages truly lack distinctions between different kinds of data.
> To make model reason you have to put it in a loop with fallbacks

Source? TFA, i.e. the thing we're commenting on, tried to, and seems to, show the opposite
Why are you eating wild mushrooms ?

Even if no one did anything wrong, you might misidentify it in the field. Unless you're very experienced in this field this feels like a very risky and stupid thing to do.

This isn't an AI problem. This is a "Don't eat things growing in the woods" problem.
Surprised what educating people and making them write their own sentences does to the psyche of a population.
We are about to package a few of our pieces of software across several repositories. Not sure what issue you think might come up with that? If we are not allowed because of some restriction you can just manually add our repos to your /etc/apt/sources.list which is perfectly normal.
I don’t think that number is correct. T-Mobile’s net income in 2021 was $3.024 billion. I think you might be confusing the first number on the page (postpaid revenue of $42.562 billion) for profit.

See page 45 of https://s29.q4cdn.com/310188824/files/doc_financials/2021/ar...

You point still stands, the $60 million fine is 2% of their net income.
Brave is “militantly anti-advertising” because it hides everyone else’s ads to make room for its own.
I do depend on their features, and I see the value in doing that.

For example, at $WORK I had to reimplement Apache's mod_rewrite.c in Rust, and I made it 100x faster for our particular use-case.

I could've done that in C as well, sure, but the simplicity of the C language just moves the complexity to the code itself; whereas, with Rust, I whipped out a prototype in just 3 days, and was able to freely pass around pointers to data, with zero allocations, zero copying, and every time it compiled I knew it was guaranteed to be safe.

You can't get that safety in C. You can't get that speed in Java.

You can't do this in any other language that does not have these features. I absolutely agree that the syntax is horrible... but I see no other way to achieve this.