skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Wow, eye-opening, especially reading up on the wiki [1]. If the state-sponsored insurer of last resort ask about 40% of the going actuarial rate, that suggests in the long run Florida's insurance market will be collectivized. This seems to be Florida state taking on immense financial risks due to the combination of climate change and unsound regulations.

I'm not gloating though. I think what's happening to Florida right now (sea level changes, hurricanes, uninsurability) is what will happen to for example Amsterdam in a few decades. Flood risks are mostly uninsured in the Netherlands, while hurricane risks seem insured in Florida. I don't see house prices correcting for flood risks in Amsterdam, even though the risk of going under seems well inside the time boundary of current sales / mortgages. People are myopic and seem to expect states to handle all adverse effects of risk, both in the Florida case ("Florida residents already pay too much for insurance"), and in the Dutch case (no insurance, but we'll get bailed-out, right?).

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Citizens_Property_Insurance_Co...
PE acts as vultures (not in a negative way) who come in and clean up dead carcasses. They are typically not the cause but a symptom of a failing company.

We all have nostalgia for small chains or companies at the mall in our youth. Almost all of those are terrible and failing businesses now. It's a bit like the movie Up In the Air where Clooney goes around firing people. He's the face of the bad news, but he's not the cause.

For the article at hand, hospitals really should be non-profit. Providing great care at low costs means the goal is a terrible business.
this system only works in theory. in practice they still take orders from the government and money from the industry.
(I think you meant to say "The former should not accumulate error" instead of the latter.)
When Benjamin Franklin was still alive there was no other place to get extra-strong heat-resistant glassware suitable for chemical experimentation other than obscure locations in what is now Germany, with their secret techniques developed over a period of centuries at the least.

I would say it helps to start early.

I really do get the idea that in pre-literate times some scientific progress was continued over many generations more impressively by lifetimes of hands-on incremental advances, rather than through documentation which could only be deciphered by the few, and utilized by even fewer.
Same reason the visual programming paradigm failed, tbe main problem is not the code.

While writing simple functions may be mechanistic, being a developer is not.

'guess some missing answers' is why Waterfall, or any big upfront design has failed.

People aren't simply loading pig iron into rail cars like Taylor assumed.

The assumption of perfect central design with perfect knowledge and perfect execution simply doesn't work for systems which are for more like an organism than a machine.
Came here to see what exactly that meant for UBO and didn't see anything so posting the below:

Raymond Hill, the creator and maintainer of uBO, has made it clear that he will not be trying to adapt uBO to Google's Manifest v3 – the extension architecture that is replacing v2.

"You will have to find an alternative to uBO before Google Chrome disables it for good"
You can blame older generations for sucking up all the housing and holding on until they die.
>Some SF author here wanna pick up on this theme?

Simpsons did it. Er, Vernor Vinge. Highly recommended, like all his works.
Updating everything, teaching everyone, no benefit to English speakers besides being nice. What happens next year if they wanna switch it back? And then the year after that if it changes again?

How many countries go through some sort of rebrand in a year? Who gets respected and who doesn't? Why?

Or we could just keep calling it what we call it.
For most LLM workloads today (short text chats), hundreds or a couple thousand tokens suffice. attention mechanisms don’t dominate (< 30% compute). But as the modalities inevitably grow, work in attention approximation/compression is going to be paramount.

Nice to see Pytorch already elegantly supporting this next step in research
IIRC Orson Scott Card of all people did a riff on this, but the ability to freeze yourself was theoretically merit based. So then all the best and brightest thinkers spent most of their time frozen, with kind of a "break-glass-in-case-of-emergency" setup.
Carlson has not been a news anchor his entire time at Fox News - he would be more fairly called a commentator or show host.

He was a commentator when he was on CNN as well. He has never been a news anchor.

I would swear as well in court Fox News claimed he was an 'entertainer' at some point.
Airbus, SpaceX, Lockheed... Is there anyone not eating Boeing lunch at this point?
You're aware that SpaceX routinely performs crewed missions, right? There's been at least a dozen now.
With infinite time, we can simply move to other planets or star systems.
Just to be extra cynical here, part of the alleged criminal conspiracy was collecting signatures for a referendum against cop city. And the state is seeking legal corner cases to prevent the referendum that has seemingly met all the requirements from appearing on the ballot.

How is voting supposed to address that?
Not documenting the existence/process/details/outcome is exactly the distinction that I intended to make when I called it a "sanity check". I was really just offering a data point, not a comprehensive guide to best practice.
It's how I went from 0-100, and I ended up building my company on it while learning both Ruby and Rails.
Combining Privacy Preserving Telemetry with Differential Privacy
you own it dude? Damn crazy good UI
Maybe it should only be illegal for certain government sites?
Song Years – Poem by Liam Rector
For years I lived in a kind

Of wistful song world where

One foot was always out

The door, almost like a sailor

Ready, anxious even, to decamp

Once more for the sea,

And always the American highway

And its great story calling, built by

The American restless and all

Its subsequent moving. Loosely

Around the seasons I moved

Looking for what I thought of

As a natural life, and looked back

At anyone who stayed put as if

They had given up,

Given up something

That should never be

Given up,

Ever.

No sooner

Would I get some place

Than I'd begin

To check out the train schedules

And other venues of departure.

I hated the notion

Of insurance and never

Had any. I gave

Myself no place to fall.

I thought of all this as keeping

Myself clean, keeping

Myself honest. It really

Wasn't a variant

Of the old high school

Locker-room chant of find 'em,

Feel 'em, fuck 'em,

And forget 'em, I told myself,

But sometimes,

Especially when I was packing,

It surely felt that way.

I was always leaving one

For the next one. I wished them

Well and remained friends

With most of them. I hoped

A right one would come along

For them, and they would be

More ready for their lasting lover

Given the lessons, good and bad,

We'd taught each other.

Fall would come

And I'd head north

For apple-picking, winter

Would find me holed up

In Vermont for a moment,

Working on some chilly construction,

And spring was always

A sure-fired scamper south.

Summer mostly meant

Going out west for, I suppose, hope.

Change is slow and hope is violent.

I wanted the speed and handling

Of a good sports car; I wanted

Things not as they should be

But things as they are.

Most songs are sad and most people

Do not want to live in song world,

Except when some loved one leaves

Or maybe over a drink, alone, at home,

Or perhaps in a car, ever more alone.

Someone is always falling or being thrown.

Most songs say

But one thing:

"My heart aches,"

And if you doubt this

Listen to the songs.

And tonight

Let us all together send out

Our love to the songwriters

For moving us.

I moved this way

Until the cruelty of it

Overwhelmed me.

-- Liam Rector
I don't see the point of "globally scalable" SQLite... the most I would want is distributed read-replicas, and LiteFS handles that well.

I'm a huge SQLite fanboy, but trying to turn it into a distributed RDMBS is weird.

> Backed by the creator of SQLite.

Is Dr. Hipp part of the company?
Imagine being able to live forever... in the dungeon of a dictatorship that is forever as well.
Wouldn't even the classic loadable kernel mode driver be a better choice than a patch and eBpf? I know they are unsafe but people who deal with it, know the power comes with responsibility.
> The pharma industry COULD do their own foundational research

Citation neeeded - have they ever done so? Would the shareholders accept it? Would they be able to manage borderline autistic PHD types detached from reality, and would these scientists want to work there?
What a complete f-up boeing has been
On free speech vs violent acts of speech (if we want to keep using that term)

A possible compromise that might work is to protect _good faith_ speech while working against bad faith speech.
Surely we can agree though, that given Boeing's recent track record and how they've handled calls for improved processes, combined with NASA's typical standard of safety and care, they aren't a good strategic long-term choice, right?

Like, I understand what you're saying here, and I agree -- if the US wants to have serious private-sector competition in the space sector, that's arguably a good thing. SpaceX's advances in reducing launch costs by implementing launch vehicle reusability to a degree that was never seriously approached before are objectively a good thing for the sector. Some of the work Firefly appears to be doing is really interesting, and could lower the cost of much of the work around launches substantially. Blue Origin also exists and may at some point be more than a billionaire's vanity project.

Boeing isn't the only competitor in this space, and some of the smaller companies are hungrier. They're actively innovating, and because their existence is on the line, they do the work to make sure their projects are beyond reproach by the time they're picking up NASA work or sending people into orbit (usually with a pretty high degree of success).
Not every healthcare intervention is a matter of life and death. If you get your glasses today or next week, you’re still generally better off.

Once we stop motte-and-baileying this, then we can have productive discussions that identify cases where market capitalism actually does work and then fortify the cases where it doesn’t.
This is a very cynical take. People and organizations can be neutral with ulterior motives
> If they can't, then they aren't supposed to.

> Anyway, yes, Congress inevitably does always manage to pass a budget. There are sometime delays, the consequence of which is exaggerated to put pressure on the other side to give up ground in the negotiations, but at the end of the day it's just politics and people carry on.

These two stances don't mesh.

But that misses the even bigger point. It takes Congress months of fighting back and forth on the budget every year. They barely accomplish anything else. Saying that they need to now write all of the federal regulations down to the tiniest detail (lest they spend all of their time in court doing nothing) is clearly unrealistic. Laughably so.
This is pretty much in line with the Zero Emissions Mandate, which sets out EV quotas for automakers.

2024: 22%

2025: 28%

2026: 33%

2027: 38%

2028: 52%

2029: 66%

...
2035: 100%*

https://www.gov.uk/government/consultations/a-zero-emission-...
It's detailed more in the heritage foundation's Project 2025. The idea is to have an academy for grooming and selecting those political appointees. Essentially, they would have to pledge their allegiance to conservative values (and the president) and pass exams about what they should/should not believe in order to work in the bureaus. This would include vowing to believing climate change isn't a problem.

Of course, that's the short term "republican makes it into office" solution. Past that, to other presidents, I don't know. In my personal opinion, I think they're banking on never having to get there.
I think it is far, far more likely that it replicates social science experiments well enough to simulate people
> A few hundred years ago people would punish the sick and sometimes throw them into wells, making the rest of the village sick.

It kind of reminds me how Fox News selects its presenters. They’d definitely be the ones a sane society would try to punish.
Trying to do everything myself rather than delegating or spending the time on the wrong things... Time management is crucial
API Hub

So I use a lot of free and open API's all the time for random apps, experiments and even production ready apps. And time after time I have to relearn their end-points, parameters, query formats and dig through their documentations and more so I can understand their responses and convert them all into suitable formats and that has been tiring.

So I decided to make APIHub, a parent API to all other APIs. I don't have to relearn end-points, dig through their documentations, convert responses to JSON and go through the hassle anymore. I only have to learn this one API and that's it!

Currently Integrated APIs: GitHub, WeatherAPI, HackerNews, CoinGecko, APOTD, MealDB, Google Books, RedditAPI, NewsAPI, TheMovieDB, FlixQuest, Lyrics, JSON Placeholder, BibleAPI, REST Countries

Hope you enjoy and contribute your favorite APIs.
It is how Sentry used to work, though, and if you want to forward me the emails proving that, just supply me with your work email.

Good to hear that things changed, though: for me, it's a bit late, but, hey, I'm not your target audience anyway.
Supposing the cost ramps up exponentially at each phase, e.g. it costs $10 million to get to Phase 1, $100 million to get to Phase 2, and $1 billion to get to Phase 3, then we see the total expenditure for 1000 possible drugs as:

$ 3.7 billion for Phase 1 failures (370 drugs)
$ 43.5 billion for Phase 2 failures (435 drugs)
$ 82 billion for Phase 3 failures ( 82 drugs)
$113 billion for Phase 3 successes (113 drugs)

This sums to a little over $242 billion spent against 113 successful drugs, or about $2.14 billion per successful drug, or more generally, accounting for failed drugs, the full cost of a successful drug is a little more than twice what was directly spent on its development.
Omg the landscape of modern media is writing about writing ad infinitum/nauseaum. Thank you for expounding hahaha! :)
That's encouraging. How long did it take you vs how much time invested in learning until you felt confident in your abilities? ...recognizing ofc that everyone learns and performs differently.
> The industries that suck the most also have the most market failures: healthcare, housing, and education

The healthcare, housing, and education industries are some of the most highly regulated. Which came first, the market failure or the regulation?
Eradicating poverty could be done today, IF we could change everyone’s mindset. In my opinion that is harder to do than immortality. Heck, we could end war with a much smaller change in mindset and we can’t even do that.
At some point, grammar complexities remain not because of language evolution, but as a way to enshrine power and privilege

The Book of Saint Albans being a prime example of this
I could blame them, but about 3 months ago I saw a headline here on Hacker News telling us that the government of Canada plans on having a population of 100 million within the next few decades (currently at 30ish million). The 70 million difference isn't old people. Quite clearly, looks like government policy.
I guess so. You hate it with a passion but you're totally motivated to do it; you get up in the morning rearing to go and spend every waking moment considering how to improve the craft. Well done you.
The teams responsible for their design and manufacture were sounding the alarm about the o-rings being out of their operational envelope. It was management at the manufacturer and NASA that decided to proceed.
> I started my career as a reporter a decade ago. I can't tell you how many stories I filed that an editor twisted into something different to fit their narrative.

I think it's important to read news with that in mind, but almost treat it as game of spotting and anticipating the way things will be twisted to fit the narrative. It's helpful to familiarize oneself with concepts such as "burying the lede," and read some snarky media criticism from a perspective that cuts against the typical bias of the mainstream media.
This is cool. The original looks kinda green to me. Awesome.
As a function of energy, it’s provably impossible for a next word predictor with a constant energy per token to come up with anything that’s not in its training. (I think Yann LeCun came up with this?)

It seems to me RL was quite revolutionary (especially with protein folding/AlphaGo) - but using a minimal form of it to solve a training (not prediction) problem seems rather like bringing a bazooka to a banana fight.

Using explore/exploit methods to search potential problem spaces might really help propel this space forward. But the energy requirements do not favor the incumbents as things are now scaled to the current classic LLM format.
Agreed. The amount of people trying to tell that dying is the right way of life is baffling. Vast majority of natural deaths arent graceful, they often are quite painful and ugly. If we develop means to at least extend the average -healthy- lifespan that would be a great achievement by itself.
Music in an Empty Mall [video]
> Florida state taking on immense financial risks

Andrew’s insured losses in Florida were $15bn ($34bn in 2024 dollars); today “3.7 million residences would be in the path of an Andrew-like storm…with a total replacement value of more than $900 billion” and “insured losses [over] $72 billion” [1].

Florida’s budget, for context, is about $120bn [2].

[1] https://www.insurancejournal.com/news/southeast/2022/08/24/6...

[2] https://www.flgov.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/Budget.pdf
Interesting. Though now looking at his 2.5k word obituary it does seem that his daughter was given the honors of being mentioned in a single parenthetical for existing.

I was mistaken because I couldn't find any mention of children from his Wikipedia. I suppose theres only so much space in an article, and what would you cut? The section that lists the famous women with whom he cheated on his wife? No way!
you see this in the UK water companies

PE buys some operation, loads it up with debt and then pays dividends to itself directly from that borrowed money (via a chain of subsidiaries)

it continues doing this until the company debt situation becomes unsustainable, then dumps the company on clueless investors (e.g. state pension funds)

paying dividends from debt is illegal, but apparently not if you launder it through enough subsidiaries in different countries

this is essentially exploiting a design flaw in capitalism
How would you categorize the asymmetry of power and lack of real choice?

When I buy indoor plants or VOD subscriptions, I'm participating in a market. I can choose to not buy these things at all.

When I buy healthcare (via insurance or not), I'm basically doing what my doctor suggests, because well, it's about my _health_. The consequences and risks of not buying can be too great.

Is healthcare an actual market in the real sense, or are we just pretending it is?

Are there things that are inherently unsuitable for privatization?

My thinking is that public transport, healthcare, law enforcement (including prisons obviously), public education and so on are all to some degree or another unsuitable for competitive markets. The incentives, power relations, feedback loops etc. just don't fit.
Code coverage proves that the code runs, not that it does what it should do.
Why? It would just seem silly not to take include the fact the CEO of the company you are relying on continuously behaves in an erratic and unpredictable manner (and is also trying to undermine democratic institutions but that's besides the point...) into your risk estimates.
The only point is that the SEC hasn’t done anything unpredictable in which offerings they’ve chosen to go after, despite calling all cryptos securities, nothing surprising about how judges have ruled when taken to trial

It’s based primarily on what the issuers have said
I don't mean it as a counter argument, or I don't think the way you mean it, at least.

You may not use it at your smaller scale. But there are millions of machines out there that do use it, and the alternative for the same functionality is much worse.

I bet you never use SCTP sockets either. eBPF is used much more than SCTP.

And its users "fund" its development, so it's not a burden to those who don't use it.

But are you sure your systems don't use it? Run "bpftool prog" to see. Whatever you see there someone thought was better than the alternative.
I was observing that `p (const char *)str` also worked in my experiment, but I’m far from a C++ expert and upon double-checking this seems to have been more of an accident than intended behaviour, because there is no operator const_pointer in basic_string that I can find. Definitely use `p str.c_str()`.
What plant philosophy says about plant agency and intelligence
I learned Rails by following their own guide https://guides.rubyonrails.org/getting_started.html it's actually pretty good and allows you to grasp the whole concept in your own pace.

There is also The Odin Project, but I haven't tried it myself.
https://www.theodinproject.com/paths/full-stack-ruby-on-rail...

A few channels I would also recommend is: Deanin, SuperRails & DriftingRuby.
https://www.youtube.com/@Deanin
https://www.youtube.com/@SupeRails
https://www.youtube.com/@DriftingRuby

Some would also recommend GoRails, but I had a hard time following his guides because most of is videos are just cut-outs from his paid courses. So it was hard to follow with him without the whole context of the project.

I am sure this question has been asked multiple times here on HN so you can search for them and see what others have previously said.
Don't bother reading the article, read the write-up the article author attempted to paraphrase (poorly) at https://www.crowdstrike.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/Chann...

The way I read it was that they coded up this template type that could take 21 parameters. They expected it to take up to 21 parameters, but an intermediate representation expected it to have only 20. The code path which read the 21st parameter was not covered by tests nor the first deployed rapid response content using this template type. When they ran the untested code for the first time, kaboom.
With that much experience under their belt, they may just get a job to work there at the new station buildup
Keep em coming!

I think embedding intuitionistic logic into z3 is possible in some sense and perhaps even useful. I would a priori expect a prover built from the ground up like nanoCoP-i to deal with intuitionistic logic to be better, even if it is orders of magnitude less complex than z3.

I don't think the concept of SMT is has to be tied to classical logic in some abstract sense, but the SMTlib standard is classical. And in the sense that an SMT solver is SAT solver (kind of as classical as you can get) bolted to theories. But seems reasonable to build some kind of framework bolting domain specific intuitionistic solvers to a intuitionistic fabric.

See Itauto https://drops.dagstuhl.de/entities/document/10.4230/LIPIcs.I... https://gitlab.inria.fr/fbesson/itauto which would be another interesting backend. Reusing tactics from other systems is maybe just a step too far for knuckledragger in terms of packaging and interfacing problems
I feel like sending this to all my vegan friends.."Uh oh, what are you guys going to eat now?"
It’s quite broken and not responsive (extends with horizontal scroll past the viewport) on iPhone 15 Pro Max.