skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
It's not that difficult to do in the general case. Usually, you're just doing it through the program.

- Open connection

- Begin transaction

- Do INSERT

- If you get a PK violation, do an UPDATE instead

- Commit

The thing is, while it's a common pattern, it also has many equally common similar patterns. Sometimes you want to try the UPDATE first. Sometimes you want the program to throw an exception if the INSERT fails. Sometimes you're doing something with row versioning or pessimistic locking.

It's same reason why your file IO library might have a ReadAllText() method, but only after it has Open() and Read() and ReadLine().
>Unlikely, it's a huge and valuable market

They said the same thing about Facebook News and Canada.

Many tech companies already refuse to launch in overly-regulated markets, or launch years late with "government special" versions of the software that meet the extreme demands of the EU or China or whoever.
Meccano still exist, but hardly: they no longer have any dedicated factories (discussion at [1]), and a very limited range of kits - only eight for sale in Britain at the moment, none of which are based on real-world designs.

I'd say that Meccano has always seemed to me to be less of an engineering toy and more of a modelling one; one can make functional machines, but there are few parts capable of free movement. There are so many more ways to build machines with original Lego Technic pieces - gears, belts, pullies etc.

This appears to be a self-imposed limitation and a rather short-sighted strategy on the part of Meccano. They don't sell genuine individual pieces and spares, even though there are multiple third-parties who do manufacture such parts.

> Maybe with laser cutters there's a new market for wooden construction toys.

I hope so. There's an interesting discussion at [2] about which timber lends itself best to mechanical devices, but then there's the additional questions of what subset of those types of wood would also be suited to laser cutting. Additionally, if you combine wood with metal you have to take into account the differential in expansion and contraction between materials. Plastic pieces such as Lego are less susceptible to that effect to start with.

[1]: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=35501335

[2]: https://www.model-engineer.co.uk/forums/topic/wooden-gears/
Show HN: Evy – An app for collectors to manage and share their items
Hello, HN!

I am excited to finally share a little tool I have been building for some time.

Evy is an app for collectors, both professional and casual, to help them keep track of their items and share it with the world. Currently there are either overly complex inventory management systems, which are overkill for casual collectors, or generic social platforms, which are "fine" for everything, but great for nothing. My goal with Evy is to fill this gap by offering an easy way for any collector to manage their items.

In short, it is an asset management system tailored specifically for collectors.

I have been collecting stuff since I was a kid and wanted such tool to exist for a long time. I have used Excel sheets and notes to manage my ever-growing keyboard collection, but eventually decided that it is time to turn that into an app. This first version covers only basic features which I want to use myself.

In the future I plan to focus on social aspects of an app and steer the projects towards social platform for collector communities.

I'd love you to try it out and share your thoughts on the idea.

You can sign-in with email demo@evy.app to see some dummy data inside the app.
You can also check-out my keyboard collection at https://evy.app/minajevs/keebs
If you update a column that is not indexed you might get away with it without stressing the cleanup processes too much (vacuum and friends):

https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/storage-hot.html
That's a lot of cpu time. Maybe they just don't make them like they
used to. If there's some crazy complicated numerical or combinatorial
problem you've been trying to crack, do tell.
With agenix, you can encrypt your secrets, such as API keys, and have them stored in your git repo alongside the system configuration (which in nixos is just a bunch of text files). Then you only need to provision the server with the ed25519 private key corresponding to the pubkey the files were encrypted with, and agenix will automatically decrypt the files on boot and place them in /run/agenix, with the specified access permissions.
Partitioning Postgres in Prod Without Downtime
If those markets include outsized volatile stocks, such as tech stocks, then yes the market will be volatile.

Even with better than forcast revenue last quarter, Google dropped.

With only around 7 stocks making up around 20% (or perhaps higher) of the S&P500, and all of those being fairly volatile tech stocks, that market has the very likely chance to be booming one week and not the next.

Hedge your bets, choose different markets, spread the exposure.
Have you seen toys? The vast majority are plastic (although some good wooden ones are available), and of those most probably won't last more than a year or two (both in terms of physically surviving, but also in the child's interest).

Lego however is a long-term toy that generally does not break, retains interest form kids for years, and is very frequently passed around between friends and family. One set might last years and years and years and go through multiple families and eBay auctions and Craigslist giveaways etc. Lego themselves even run a recycling program.

Sure don't buy kids cheap plastic tat that only lasts an afternoon or two, but investing in quality educational toys is worthwhile IMHO, both in terms environmental impact and educational benefits.
The only OpenAI integration is giving users the opportunity to have their model answer questions. No Apple services, and no general queries rely on OpenAI.
i just wanted a simple task ranker. maybe i should have named it Simple Task Ranker
I'm not questioning the Twitter post. I just need more details in order to get an accurate picture of what's actually happening. The tweet is too vague for me to really understand, regardless of how trusted the person is.
I realised the gamification had missed its purpose when I caught myself memorising the bigrams and trigrams of answers without reading the full text so I could click through and retain my streak each day. My learning had stalled at this point but my streak looked great.
Thanks for letting me know, I'll make sure to edit it quickly next time :-)
Valorization of potato peel: a sustainable eco-friendly approach
Oh, I was afraid it was Asterisk itself which had shut down.
Many real-world web applications “shockingly” don’t guarantee ACID-style transactional state updates, and thus are vulnerable to race conditions.

Suppose (for instance) that the application tier caches user session information by some internal, reused ID.

If that state is updated transactionally, with an ID assigned to a new session atomically with the insertion of that new session’s data, no problem.

But if the session is assigned a previously used ID a few microseconds before the new session’s data is populated, a racing request could see the old data from a different user.
Why is a good question, but if you draw a log-log plot of lifespan against mass for mammals, humans appear above the main curve. "That's unlikely by my model" doesn't change that.
I will be in (northern) Italy next month, is there a name for this kind of tomato I can look for?
Gmail does this to me and doesn't even call the feature beta
Blame doesn’t matter here.

Sandbox rules simply don’t apply when real money is at stake— the contracts that sit behind these relationships are all that matters + a companies ability to stop doing business with one another.

Delta probably isn’t even entitied to a pro-rated refund of their prepaid CrowdStrike subscription. If Delta has a multi-year deal contract with CrowdStrike, Delta most likely have to keep paying CS for some time In the future.

CrowdStrike breached but almost certainly cured within allowable period.

Maybe they sue for gross negligence which I think may circumvent contractual liability limits in certain situations.
> Many tech companies already refuse to launch in overly-regulated markets

You say overly-regulated, I say sufficiently regulated. Maybe, just maybe, those companies should not launch here.
I have been using agenix and it is very helpful. I am also looking into writing a system module that makes it easy to generate secrets on the fly.

A lot of secrets are just things like, backend and frontend of some service need to be configured with matching keys, but are both running on the same device. In that case you could have a systemd service which just generates a new random key if it doesn't already exist, and then ensure that the dependent services wait for that service to complete. That way you don't have to store anything in git for those at least.
For things missing/hard in WebGL, is it performant enough to rely on the browser compositor to add a layer of text, or a layer of svg, over the WebGL?
I have some zig/wasm stuff working on canvas2D, but rendering things to bitmaps and adding them to canvas2d seems awfully slow, especially for animated svg.
come on, I just listed one second order effect, if restaurants in area succeed that increases property values of entire area
Show HN: Pie Menu – a radial menu for macOS
Hi everyone! I'm Marius Hauken, an indie developer, and I'm excited to share my app: Pie Menu. It offers a fresh way to access your favorite menu bar commands and keyboard shortcuts on macOS. By simply pressing a hotkey you choose during setup, a radial menu appears around your cursor, customized to the current active application. This allows you to quickly select commands without having to remember complex shortcuts across different applications.

Pie Menu comes with a library of preprogrammed commands for popular apps, but you can easily add any app on your computer. We've also created an extensive database at https://www.pie-menu.com/shortcuts where you can quickly add shortcuts for different programs. If a command lacks a keyboard shortcut, you can always create one through System Preferences > Keyboard > Application Shortcuts.

For now, you can use Apple’s SF Symbols to label your commands, but we plan to include custom symbol sets in the future. You can see and vote on our roadmap at https://www.pie-menu.com/help/roadmap.

I hope you give Pie Menu a try and find it as useful as I intended!
> There are numerous stories of machines where the heatsink was not in contact with the CPU for some reason, yet they remained perfectly stable (but slow) for many years.

I once had a laptop, which came from the factory with the four screws which hold the heatsink to the CPU missing. It was very slow, and shut down after a few minutes (the reason being thermal shutdown in the BIOS event log helped diagnose the issue). After the four screws were replaced (each screw came in its own large individual cardboard box), it worked fine for many years, BUT after a couple of years (still under warranty), the motherboard failed with a short in the power input. I suspect that all the extra heat from when the CPU was without a working heatsink went to the power supply components through the motherboard ground plane, and cooked them, significantly shortening their useful life.
The simple answer to this any server-side middleware would need to have distribution rights for end-of-life. And maintaining it is not difficult as all you're doing is essentially releasing the server side binaries. The only complexity would come in ensuring distributed systems (for load balancing) also work fine on a single system server.
When you are on Prime and you click buy instead of rent for a movie, what does the EU do to protect you?

Is there a reason this digital protection is narrowly limiting itself to video games and not all digital goods or all implied warranties for any good sold?

I also think workers should be paid fair wages, and also that we should protect artists from the threats of AI, but only if they work in the video game industry, not anywhere else. Did I do it right? Is that how we do this now?
To make highly customizable apps, you need prominent SDKs and to deploy apps for both Android and iOS, you need a cross-platform framework But what if you will get both functionalities in a single technology solution. Flutter can furnish your application with custom-tailored widgets and cross-platform solutions. Dig into the details on the best Flutter widgets for your app development!
Very well put! Couldn’t have said it better myself
Tech is a relatively immature industry. And a lot of time and effort and money in it is devoted to non-critical products.

I'm not directing this at the OP, because they have actually thought about it even if I disagree with them, but there are a lot of people working in tech and in software who do not care about product quality at all. They're paid a lot of money and exclusively focus on shipping ASAP, quality be damned, so they keep their metrics looking good and the $$$ flowing. Add in the industries tendency for very short term tenure at jobs and you end up in a situation where people think what they're doing is "optimal" simply because it keeps them getting $$$ --- product quality is just secondary. Their "craftsmanship" is their job-hopping. (I don't have a problem with job-hopping if the products and code are still good --- they usually aren't.)

They usually don't need to care about a bridge lasting 6 decades, but then they're writing critical software for infrastructure or airplanes and, unfortunately, they can actively resist a lot of the hard learned lessons people had to make in those industries because they just want to move fast (and leave after ~2 years).

The culture isn't there yet.
Thoughtworks to Be Taken Private by Apax Funds
You also have to recompute the check digit, of course, for example: 0131103628 -> 9780131103627
If the features of Duolingo are available in another app (i.e. their various memorization techniques, vocabulary building, various interactive learning, etc.) that doesn't gamify or nag. Let me know since I really detest these aspects of Duolingo.

I succumbed to paying for the app since it is virtually unusable with the frequency of ads on the freemium model.

They are a very dislikable brand.
The question is, did this mail really pass the spam filter, or did the AI high jacked the mail before it went to the spam filter. Or even worse, the AI found it in the spam-folder and moved it back to the inbox...
OpenAI mulls watermarking ChatGPT generated text, but treads with caution
I don't think the starting premise of the article holds at all. Both jazz and Haskell are hugely popular, by listener and practitioner, and user count respectively they've probably never seen better days. Pure math I wouldn't say is really hated either, but it's rather pretty irrelevant for most people. Even in software development, I would say it's pretty rare that you actually need advanced math in your day to day work.
Not really.

Psychological manipulation to increase your engagement in something you want to do and is paying for the privilege of doing is in your interest. Signing up for a physical class and have the scheduled class drive you to attend even if you weren't really in the mood at that time is also psychological manipulation.

It's only negative once it stops being productive, because Duolingo has limitations.
Last year the UK ATC system crashed when it "encountered an extremely rare set of circumstances presented by a flight plan that included two identically named, but separate waypoint markers outside of UK airspace".

https://www.nats.aero/news/nats-report-into-air-traffic-cont...
I've not heard of a single person who denies the existence of reproductive male humans and|or reproductive female humans .. can you name any that do in the US Congress?
What's with the AI generated image of musicians soaking their feet in a castle of beans?
I'm from the Netherlands and

> The imported junk we get from Netherlands is abysmal compared to anything grown locally, and the reality is that we want the good stuff for ourselves, not the tourists.

This hurts, and it's absolutely true.

Makes me wonder why we spend so much in subsidies for the dutch tomato growers, if nobody actually likes eating them.

For what it's worth, I get them in the supermarket, grown in spain, if at all possible.
Demo a new proxy that can handle absolutely anything. What looks cool is spinning up a bunch of Linus VMs and pushing them through a VNC to JS emulator so that they stream direct into a browser. Where you can make money is in repurposing that proxy to solve real business problems like authentication, load balancing, traffic redirection, vanity domain support, opening encrypted tunnels, and so forth.

You can find 30 Linux VMs here, via docker compose: https://docs.linuxserver.io/images/docker-webtop/

Universal TCP/TLS proxy that can stream any protocol in a few lines as possible:

https://github.com/prettydiff/webserver/blob/main/lib/transm...

Good luck
Mysteries of the Griffin iMate and the Apple Extended Keyboard II
Show HN: A Bash for loop cheat sheet
I'm constantly having to look up the syntax for looping in bash so I made this tiny website to make it quick and easy.
Catamorphism is a mind-blowing pattern to me. Practical and elegant at the same time.
The world isn't the USA, yet the housing problem is impacting most of the west

It definitely is more than partially brought by capitalism and what comes with it: greed, speculation, &c.

The flat I'm renting right now in Germany is owned by a company who owns 200k flats, the main shareholder in this company is Black Rock. Now explain to me why my german salary paying a german rent benefits private shareholders in NYC ? Rent doubled in ten years...
Well, i didn't claim i know it all. But i gave it my best because it's true that one person can't have the detailed knowledge of all the now-existing complicated subsystems.

> If the information exists then it's "possible" to learn it.

Not with most of the terrible (i.e Lenovo, Wikipedia) information found online, It's never impossible but very unlikely.

> hardware companies no longer actually tell us everything.

Rambus :P
Canada has a population of 41 million. The European Economic Area has a population of 453 million.
Here in Argentina, in some places there were a few types of fraud, for example chain voting. (I can't find local case, but see [1] [2].) People can be paid or coerced to participate in such a scheme.

The solution was that you get a signed envelope when you enter, go to a isolated room alone and put the ballot inside and they verify the signatures of the closed envelope before you vote.

With remote voting, nobody can check that people is alone when voting.

[1] https://crypto.stackexchange.com/questions/67486/what-is-cha...

[2] https://english.atlatszo.hu/2022/04/05/this-is-how-chain-vot...
In that case, going back:

> Are they replacing whatever spam filter they had with Apple Intelligence?

I’m not sure. I don’t think so, but I also don’t know if we know for certain.

> Is there usually a spam filter at all?

Yes. In addition to what may be marked as spam on the server, Mail can also do its own filtering.

https://support.apple.com/en-gb/guide/mail/mlhlp1065/mac

> Is the usual spam filter disabled?

Can’t say, as I’m not the reporter. But again, email can be marked as junk from Mail, the server, both, or neither.
I don't really understand. My router gives me an IPv6 address...
> Thought the update would be no-op because nothing changed.

You can use a specific trigger function just to prevent this: suppress_redundant_updates_trigger

https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/functions-trigger.ht...

> The suppress_redundant_updates_trigger function, when applied as a row-level BEFORE UPDATE trigger, will prevent any update that does not actually change the data in the row from taking place. This overrides the normal behavior which always performs a physical row update regardless of whether or not the data has changed.
Apparently 10 times more performant than Unity/Leadwerks:

Quoting the dev:
> I am sorry people are making fun of you just for asking for a game engine with good performance. I realized this was a big problem when I was working on VR projects for NASA, and saw how bad other the performance of other engine was. I created a new Vulkan-based game engine designed specifically to solve performance problems in real-time games, and the results turned out much better than I realized was possible. This is the website:[https://www.ultraengine.com/](https://www.ultraengine.com/)

Ultra Engine will run about 10x faster than Unity under heavy loads. You can try the benchmarks and see for yourself. Maybe it will help you. Good luck!
Text-based, cross-platform keyboard layout maker
I do this myself. But is the memorization not a feature as opposed to a bug? Essentially embedding certain sentences/phrases in your brain to the point where you already know what you need to type/say without having to fully engage with the prompt.
> Even then openssl or sq can solve the problem in the same number of commands but with sntabdards.

Using OpenSSL to properly encrypt a file is next to impossible, and if you actually succeed at doing so, you’re very unlikely to be following a defined standard.

I’m not familiar with sq.

> modern implementation of the PGP standard

The PGP standard is an unmitigated disaster.
Because it comes from gamers and people concerned about preservation of games. Why broaden it if the people who are pushing for the initiative don't care about other stuff?
You can't learn a foreign language from Duolingo alone either, so the original sentence stands.
People could try but it would not help with the withheld datasets so much, and it would be possible to add more to it.
If the withheld data was closed, and only available to an assessment system, gaming that would be pretty difficult. Scale.com's SEAL Leaderboards take a similar approach. The ARC Prize still exists too, and it's waiting for winners.

See https://scale.com/leaderboard
Small nitpick - the author mentions upsert in the beginning of the article only to "forget" about it and use it in the end (insert .. on conflict ignore) and that's the obvious solution there.

The final query is very neat though! And special thanks for mentioning "MERGE ... RETURNING" in PG17, that's really cool
That was spot on Middle Eastern powers you got right here!

I bet it's not as easy to figure it out now.
That's a pretty bad take and you're setting yourself up for disappointment if you think a market crash will lower home prices. Home prices are high because of too little construction and we're now going to get even less.
...why take a title that's already quite famous in the industry?

https://phptherightway.com/
It does have its issues, in particular for those relatively good at games to begin with...

There's quite a big difference between their language classes though, but I do prefer alternative apps that target a specific language with laser focus. They tend to have better organic content for the purpose of practice.

You also need to realize that you will only truly be good at the language if you get to practice using it with other speakers. Something needs to click in your head in the right way.
I think gmail is definitely worth it. They have the best spam filtering, interface is pretty clean and it’s ubiquitously trusted

The main disadvantage though is the privacy you give up, and the expensive premium tier… if you ever need it