skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
I'd like to add that inertial confinement fusion is unlikely to be practical as an energy source, because even though it is closer to Q ≥ 1 than any magnetic confinement project has got, it is 'bursty' and requires lasers to recharge, unlike the plasma in magnetic confinement which is expected to continuously fuse and produce energy.
The economics of fixed resources, such as housing, are not directly vested in supply/demand ratios. As a proof the city where I live has gained about 80,000 new residents in the last 4.5 years. Supply cannot keep up with demand and its not effecting prices.
Dark Web – OnionLinksV3
On the other hand, knowing how the detection works you could shield the camera and suspend operations when significant luminance changes are detected. Cat and mouse, as usual :)
Do you know why it's under resourced? My dad used to be a manager in public housing:

1) Government housing needs to accommodate disabled people so it costs a lot more to build. They outsource the building of it to contractors. They get screwed over by these contractors since no public servant has the guts to hold contractors to account

2) The Minister wants to support some noble thing a charity is doing in this space, so the Government give land/houses to charities to manage public housing. These charities are poor at managing it until they give up and sell it off. This reduces the public housing stock.

3) A small number of tenants do significant damage to their public house. They then have to get re-housed as the government is liable if they hurt themself due to an unsafe living environment (that they caused). This costs significant amounts to fix (which again is done by contractors who's crew the government over).

4) Anyone with a sob story (refugee, whatever) demands they need a house that has a bedroom for each member of their large family. If they are given a smaller house they complain to the minister until they get moved to a new larger house. This means that housing stock that was built in the past won't meet these demands and new larger houses are needed, again taking away money from being able to mass build cheap houses increasing housing stock to meet the demand of those who need housing.

5) People who can afford renting privately hide income to get cheap housing from the government. Public housing tenants who do need public housing do the same to basically avoid paying a reasonable rental amount.

My grandparents had public housing. They treated it as their own home. They respected what had been given to them. Social housing as a concept is fucked because the social contract has been fucked.

In my mind anyone who destroys or significantly damages public housing as a tenant should be banned from ever getting public housing.
We actually do need something like this, or at least the right to develop land.

Right now in Australia we have tyranny of the majority, because the 30% of home owners + 30% of mortgage holders have realised they can get rich if the government restricts supply (bans development) and increases demand (adjusts immigration yearly to outpace construction). For a century there seemed to be a 'social contract' that getting young people a home and helping them start families was important for the country, now though that concept seems to be totally dead.

Just creating a legal 'right' to build a house on your land would be the best fix and help a lot, but long term we really need to fix the social contract which held everything together in the first place.
> None of these restrictions are new.

What's new is that Apple/Google now effectively control our lives. Their presence is everywhere.

And so yes, in this case it really matters what happens in every ecosystem. These corporations are effectively dictating policy for how my life is supposed to work, although nobody elected them, there is no oversight. I live in Europe, so both Apple and Google are really an ocean away in terms of mindset and values.
Seems an interesting engineering project, but like a terrible product. Who is the customer? If you like gardening, why would you pay thousands of dollars so that you don't need to do it? If you don't like gardening, you obviously wouldn't be interested in having a robot do it for you.

I just can't imagine who would buy this. Gardening can be done very cheap and I believe that most people do it because they like spending time outside, working with their hands, being involved with the food they eat and saving a bit of money. Why would such a person want to have a robot which does away with that?

On an industrial scale this thing is of course totally useless.
Agreed, 2050 is too far into the future to predict much of anything beyond mere physics.

I could believe anything from half of us being dead from an accidentally mis-engineered industrial GM algae, to von Neumann probes having been let loose on the moon for mass production of aluminium sheets to be placed in Earth-Sun L1 as a solar shade, to the escalation of current conflicts into WW3, to a random terrorist getting one nuke and missile and using that to trigger a continental-scale EMP that shuts down industrial civilisation in a densely populated area.

(Only things I won't believe involve large-scale cooperation, so we're not all going to speak Esperanto by then :P)
How are they connected? PCIe? Something like NVLink?
Insubstantive, barely-disguised ads? From Handmaders? Say it ain't so!
Have you looked at the "hstore" type in Postgres? It seems to cover that use case.
If you need efficient exporting of any amounts of logs, then take a look at VictoriaLogs - the log management system I work on. It is designed in the way which allows exporting arbitrary number of logs via the standard querying API. See https://docs.victoriametrics.com/victorialogs/querying/#comm...
Looks like that particular supplier is in Tasmania and only ships to Australia!
But why would you do that over using the built-in StringValue, that just works and does everything you need?
> The good news is the problem in most cases is government zoning and permitting policies that drastically restrict supply and there are lots of logical arguments for requiring the government to gtfo of our way in this case being close to a human right

Comparing between countries is useful. Indeed in most of the Anglosphere that seems to be the problem - an absurd focus on single family houses and decent amounts of NIMBYs. However I have two counterexamples showing it's not only a matter of zoning:

First, France. There is no such ridiculous zoning policies, and in fact the state does a lot to encourage higher density and affordable developments. From having a law on the books that each relevant municipality must have a minimum % of affordable housing, often provided by them directly, to very favourable investment and tax regimes to invest in building new housing to rent at controlled prices (it one of the most popular investment vehicles in France). Paris also has sort of rent controls (you can't put out a place to rent if the rent is higher than a fixed % than the median per sq m in the same area). There are generous renters protections (your landlord can't increase your rent with more than a fixed index that tracks rent increases, and only once yearly; and they can't evict you for any reason). And there are strong regulations on what can be built in terms of quality (e.g. thermal and sound isolation are mandatory). There are many massive projects of urban redevelopment where derelict areas are redone entirely for mixed use with lots of nice housing. There is lots of investment in public transit too. And there is still an affordability/availability crisis in most of the big cities (even those without Paris' rent controls).

Bulgaria, where the cities allow building of anything because it's "progress" and they get a kickback. Quality is very variable because builders don't care and inspectors look the other way with a bribe. There are literally appartement buildings with only a few metres distance. Decent density (5-10 stories usually), decent mixed use. Total lack of infrastructure investment though - little to no public transit, not enough parking/roads for the absurd "cars rule" policy adopted instead. Yet there is a housing availability and affordability crisis too. For the median worker it's unaffordable to buy, prices are more as in Western European big cities. IT workers and those in grey/black market sectors, as well as Russians parking money before the war, are fine though.

So it's not as easy as zoning. It will definitely help a lot to drastically loosen it, but government getting away from it entirely won't work either and will be to the detriment of all too (cf. Bulgaria).
The Vast Emptiness of Social Psychology
> Someday, knowledge of the actual functioning of these systems might become so obscure so as to, basically, be lost - kind of like (in a way) the Apolo project know-how is fading away ...

We're already way past this point since the 70s. Do you read the official specifications for every hardware platform your software runs on? Do you even have access to and a deep understanding of the inner workings of your target OS? Do you know the intricacies and quirks of all the network-, display-, and input protocols used in your devices? Are you deeply familiar with every audio and video codec, encryption method, online data stream compression scheme?

Point is, none of that matters depending on your actual software. A sculptor doesn't need to be an expert in chemistry, mechanical engineering, and mining to create a beautiful stone statue after all. Intimate knowledge of the hardware is required if you build drivers, firmware, low-level embedded software, and critical systems (e.g. ABS, flight control systems, etc.) but not for building word processors, interactive websites, business apps, data entry systems, content creation tools and all the things users interact with on a daily basis on their PCs.

It'd be way too much for a single human being to know and understand in depth and unnecessary (as in not helping with getting the job done). Why is it that everyone understands and accepts and is comfortable with the fact that scientists and medical doctors for example, have their specialist fields and aren't familiar with the full spectrum of their respective jobs, while people expect software developers to be deeply familiar with 100+ years of cumulative knowledge and developments in hardware and software?
This is a different question though. A lot of UB issues are related to out-of-bounds accesses and use-after-free. But those are problematic also without optimization. The cases where optimization introduce security issues are more subtle and less common. Signed overflow related issues come to mind, but there I think UB isnow part of the solution via sanitizers (and errors related to unsigned wraparound which is defined is the far more vexing problem) and similar for dereferencing null pointers which can also easily be catched by sanitizers.
#define DEBUG i<num+100

The example is silly, but you should get the point. DEBUG can be anything.
It's not a room to build crisis, it's an actual shortage of housing ...

That aside, Australia's vast spaces are largely "brown" on Google Maps from lack of water and limited vegetation, the European descent and overseas born (25% of current Australian citizens) mostly cling to the fringes of the land, earning the sobriquet Fringe Dwellers from Australian poet & playwright Jack Davis, AM, BEM.
Nonsense. Like many market failures it is about consumers facing decisions but lack good information to make their purchase decision or need to optimize over too many competing product parameters.

For supermarket produce there isn't a good way to judge product quality before buying. There is some quality improvement with paying more but usually the improvement is very little compared to the price increment. For instance, a supermarket might sell tomatos at 2.99 for regular tomatos and 4.99 for a premium/organic variety. The taste will only marginally differ so that only few people buy premium. This prevents economies of scale for the better product to drive down the price.

Very little about this is about regulation.
Put simply this is wrong. Migration is the issue. We are building less houses than people coming here! This is forcing up house prices, even though with interest rates going up house prices should fall.
At least OpenAI creates more noise than useful output if you try to make it tackle a problem this way.
This is my understanding of HTTP versions and when bundling is necessary:

On HTTP 1 chrome will make 6 TCP connections to a host, and serialize requests one by one over those connections. This suffers from the waterfall effect, where you have to wait for the first 6 requests to complete, then the next batch, and so on. On lossy connections this can also lead to head of line blocking on each of those connections, where it has to wait for a packet of one file to arrive before it "frees up" the connection for the next request. On HTTP 1 bundling becomes necessary pretty quickly to guarantee good performance.

On HTTP 2 it will make 1 TCP connection to a host, and multiplex requests over those connections, so they may all download in intermixed chunks. This has less connection negotiation overhead, and it does not suffer from the waterfall effect to the same degree. However, it still has head of line blocking on lossy connections, and this is in fact made worse because there is only one connection so if it's blocked at TCP level on a single packet of a single file every request behind of that packet is blocked as well. I've done some tests and on reasonable quality connections there is not much overhead involved with requesting a hundred files instead of one file. The caveat is "on reasonable quality connections".

On HTTP 3 the QUIC protocol is based on UDP and therefore connectionless. There is no overhead for establishing connections or doing TLS handshakes, and no waterfall or head of line blocking. However, because of the connectionless protocol a lot of TCP concerns (like dealing with packet loss) become a concern of the HTTP layer, and this complicates implementation. The browsers already support it, but it is especially an issue at the web server level. This means it will take a while for this feature to roll out to servers everywhere. Once the web moves over to HTTP 3 the performance advantages of bundling should largely disappear.

A service worker and/or careful use of caching can be used as a workaround to lessen the impact of requesting many files over HTTP 1, but this adds implementation complexity in the application and a bug may cause clients to end up in a semi-permanently broken state.
Hm, I don't think the "one way of doing things" koan holds up in practice, other than being a nice narrative.

Nearly all other languages strive for doing things in one way, it is not something that makes Python unique. In fact, Python typically offers a complete mess of ways in which to solve something. Classes are sometimes good, sometimes they're not. Lists or Numpy arrays or Torch tensors, the choice depends mostly on performance, not on style.

And Python is evolving. There is optional type checking for instance.
We had ~30 years of "undefined behaviour" practically meaning "do whatever the CPU does". It is not new that people want predictable behaviour, it simply wasn't a talking point as we already had it.
“It's not that I have anything to hide, I simply have nothing I want you to see.”
Effectively unlimited clean energy is the goal.

Let that sink in. Yes, ITER it self isn't ever going to be producing that energy but it is a step in the direction of that end goal.

How can 5 billion dollars extra be considered too much for that end goal? Especially given everything that has happened on the world stage in the last 4 years, and had dramatic effects on the project. Not to mention that the collective yearly budgets of the nations involved is higher than 10 trillion dollars.

Unlimited clean energy.

A personal view on this is also that a rising tide lifts all boats. If the slow moving, very expensive international government project causes more nimble private enterprise to see a way to get there first and get a slice of the budget cake then great!

Unlimited clean energy. It is worth it, IF we can get there.

Multiple sized eggs in different baskets is the best plan.
Thanks for your feedback on PresenterKit!

PresenterKit creates host on local network. Everyone who connected the same network can join app through browser.
The project is absolutely stunning. Every detail has been meticulously considered, and the execution is flawless.
Is eating in front of the TV that bad for you?
> We have built ourselves a society where it is far too easy to fall into a secluded lifestyle

This should be one of the the prime problem of every government. It's a hard thing to solve, but is the root cause of a lot of other, more better recognised societal issues.
> Why would anyone put in the time and capital to own and maintain housing, if they knew they were limited to charging only their costs? What's in it for the owners? Who would build or finance a dense, multiunit housing if it was impossible to profit?

The intention is indeed to make it less favorable to rent out housing. That should not come as a shock. If such legislation was put in effect, we would likely see more people owning their own units and lower housing prices.

And it is not a foreign idea. The Anglo world (Australia and the US in particular) are really good at making legislation that makes it favorable for foreign entities to by up REITs and earn some buck of the fact that Australians and Americans can hardly pay their rent.

But try looking at the Austrian housing market and compare it.

> My understanding is that public housing gets budget from government and not solely from rents.

I think the governments pay for land - which again is highly inflated because of the current legislation. This is what I talked about re. opportunity cost.
I'd agree that the current educational models for programming aren't the most effective, but I don't think any superior alternatives have been proposed or been made available. If someone developed a superior alternative then they would probably be able to quickly out-compete a bunch of companies, and eventually that new model would become widespread.

Personally I think that current platforms have too many layers of cruft that has never been cleaned up, so people have been forced to continue building bad abstractions on top of everything. We need base layers that integrate the lessons from the last couple of decades.

For all of the faults with the Web and tools like Electron, they've helped enable a massive amount of people to ship real useful software. Ideally there would be superior alternatives to something like Electron while still remaining accessible. One interesting example is ImGUI; I tried it out a while back and was amazed by the level of performance, but still had to deal with a lot of useless details related to build tools and cross-platform idiosyncrasies.
For me, Copilot and its sisters have been like self-driving cars: a slightly more advanced IDE autocomplete, analogous to a slightly more advanced cruise control. But it's far from Level 5 self driving and it's not obvious whether we will ever reach that.

You still have to keep your hands on the wheel and you need driving expertise. But since writing uncommitted code has less disastrous potential consequences, it is much more usable.

I still don't believe the people who claim they are using AI to write or rewrite entire codebases. Maybe for the first version of toy projects. But I've yet to see anyone using AI to automatically write entire features that span an enterprise software codebase.
Preorders* are reflexive and transitive, but not necessarily either symmetric or antisymmetric. (eg european languages that make a T/V distinction have shifted from antisymmetric to symmetric use)

* and hence finite topologies, a class to which any social topology belongs?
My "should" is well supported in global trends. And American exceptionalism in this regard is self-perpetuating.
People have done it at city scales.

See Singapore. Govt is the biggest landlord there (but the reason they did it was not because they cared about human rights or anything, but as a part of "infra" development to draw in foreign investment and MNCs and their employees to set up shop in Singapore). It has worked out quite well on both fronts.

Vienna, Austria is also constantly used as an example - https://www.visitingvienna.com/culture/social-housing/
Recently, a 7-year-old made her website, and it was one of those sweet moments in the world of the World Wide Web. [1]

And just a couple of days back, there was Neat - a rapid prototype style for simple and minimal websites. [2]

Of course, these days, there are many classless CSS frameworks available to help you start (or even stay) your websites lean, clean, and simple. [3]

A few weekends ago, I decided to re-do my personal website without aiming to make a template, replicate it, or do anything with a raw CSS budget of 25KB. Like it or not, I realize that CSS has become boring these days—it just works! No more browser hacks, no more shims, no nothing. Flexbox and grid have made life so bland. [4]

One should try to have their personal website hand-coded and enjoy the process. For your website, I suggest looking at options to stay away from absolute numbers for sizes, spacing, etc. Try looking at proportional rhythms with the spacings, typography, etc. Best of all, have fun. [5]

1. https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=40992982

2. https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=41134536

3. https://dohliam.github.io/dropin-minimal-css/

4. https://brajeshwar.com

5. https://www.modularscale.com
Alpha, New Jersey: The town the freeway didn't destroy
> If you don't like gardening, you obviously wouldn't be interested in having a robot do it for you

Why? Do people who don't like gardening not like gardens or fresh produce? I just don't see how you reached this conclusion.
The rust compiler uses LLVM in the backend, so you still get all the same wild, complex compiler tricks at play. One of the most surprising to me is that you can sometimes improve performance by adding asserts in rust's code. For example, if you write this code:

for i in 0..1_000_000 { do_stuff(my_array[i]); }

Then the compiler will do array bounds checking in each loop iteration. If you instead add an assert!(my_array.len() >= 1_000_000) before the loop, the compiler knows the bounds checks aren't needed and the loop runs faster.

But I think being able to rely on llvm's tricks makes rust better. For example, there's usually no overhead from writing functional code in rust using iterators. The compiler generally emits the same machine code as it would if you hand-wrote the equivalent series of for() loops.
Software is terrible because people keep proliferating a bunch of packages from many vendors, any of which can break your stuff or even introduce a backdoor after you run your package manager. The same goes double for websites that pull in a ton of different scripts from who-knows-where and execute them in their “trusted environment”.

Instead, one cohesive operating system designed by one group (eg BSD) can be a pleasure to use.

If you want to minimize code over the wire, it is also great if it would involve some modularity and tree-shaking.
Nginx maps feel wrong to me.

Bot and agent blacklisting and country blocking is pain in the ass.

Simple Variable Usage both environment or json/config ones and Configuration Includes will help a lot.
Ask HN: How to guesstimate the needed resources of a server?
Ever since I was a kid, I've always wondered what it took to host a World of Warcraft server with 1000 connected players.

I want to host my personal website/blog pretty soon, so of course that should really need little resources, but I'm wondering if there are some articles giving examples of common services and the resources you need to run them for an expected load. I have a server at home, so I'm thinking of deploying it on that.
Decades of technical debt.