skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Lock free algorithms still use primitives like memory barriers. A memory barrier in a shared memory system is expensive, but not nearly as difficult as a memory barrier in a distributed system.

Additionally, distributed systems not only experience failures of individual components, but they're often in a state where you can't reliably detect failures (e.g., tell a failed node apart from a node that's slow or a node that you can't temporarily talk to while other nodes can).

It's also possible to think of it as a continuum: for example, failure detection is simpler in a distributed system connected via Infiniband than in a system connected via commodity ethernet; locality matters in NUMA CPUs and so on. The idea that a commodity multi-core machine has some properties of distributed system is not without merit, but it isn't particularly useful or actionable as a working model.
At a fixed depth, so probably more like this: https://secure.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/wiki/Submerged_flo...
Design is about everything
Other countries with different building laws have very different costs. Say what you will about Spain, they can build subways or rail for one tenth as much as it costs in the US. French and British trains are also, I believe, much cheaper though not quite that much.
I don't understand why you would trust a company whose product roadmap consists of a single cryptic email, with the tools you use to maintain your livelihood.
> an ensemble of linear models is just a linear model

Doesn't this depend on how they aggregate the results? In the paper they say that they do majority voting and averaging of the class probabilities, and in both cases the decision surface is not linear (before averaging, in the first case the response of the linear model is passed through a step function, in the second case through a logistic function)

I think what you say is true in a regression setting, if you just average the predictions of the linear models, but here they are talking about classification.
Hi horsehead, I don't know if you made it to the Music Editor part of the site http://www.hooktheory.com/editor but you can use the Music Editor to write songs using I V IV (type 1,5,4 on your keyboard) and such. One of the main goals of Hooktheory is to make more people aware of these basic elements of music theory and help people incorporate it into their musical endeavors.
Does it matter if it's CYA if they follow through?
Thank you for replying. Yes, I am aware of the trend. I have been a member for around three years. But I wonder why that is.

There is a fair amount of discussion of things like women in tech and sexual harassment in the work place. I wonder why these types of posts seem to put such a chill in the air and get a reaction of "I wouldn't touch it with a ten foot pole..." even though other related topics generate quite a bit of serious, mostly respectful discussion.
Now who in this world would want to have their domain names something like:

amazon.llc or facebook.inc?

.com/.net/.org makes a lot of sense. These gTLDs don't. IMHO.
Everyone's busy spreading hate and misogyny.
Death of the Mac Pro
Hipmunk does Calendar searches, like http://www.hipmunk.com/#!London.Boston,Next+Month.Next+2+Mon...
No, there were rumors circulating for a while about secret teams and major upgrades in the work. If there redesigning the whole thing then it could be a big job and maybe they are waiting for certain components to get to where they want them to be.

The remarkable thing about this email is that Apple never pre-announces things. And just the other day they said something about doubling down on secrecy. I think what happened here was a tremendous swelling negative rumor mill that Cook figured would cost Apple more in terms of pro defections than they would lose from current buyers waiting. For Microsoft that's just another day at the office, but for Apple it's extremely rare.
I was hoping he had found the "Carlos Santana Secret Chord Progressions". No such luck. Did he have Frank Zappa's "Shut and Play Yer Guitar" in his collection?

Melodies are mildly interesting. It's harmonics that are an endless source of mystery.
They built awfully bad ones, by today's standards. Rails weren't prestretched and welded together. Instead, they left gaps between rails to cater for temperature differences (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Track_(rail_transport)#Joining_...)

Modern trains also are heavier and accelerate and decelerate faster than the trains you see in westerns. Both mean that they exert greater forces on the rails.

Finally, safety standards are way higher. That means that material must be of higher quality and tested better, both at the factory and after installation.
> every time I tried hipmonk, the prices were higher than what I found elsewhere

Can you be more specific? We (Hipmunk) get our data from the same places that most everyone does, fares aren't really something that's variable from site-to-site (Southwest aside)

The only thing I can think of is that we list fares after taxes and fees, and many other sites list fares before them
What he's saying is that there are plenty of companies who have purchased software from companies that have since folded. Obviously, any support from that defunct company would then also be gone.
Isn't this part of why rail is a lot easier to do in Europe? My understanding is that it is a lot harder to sue over stuff like this there. Maybe someone familiar with Europe's rail situation can chime in.
I like Adioso, though I think it works best within australia. Give it a try!
Ticketing App I Wrote. Feedback would be awesome.
MIT Course on the Physics of Rock Climbing
I see no reason to assume such a thing. Many of the members here are clearly more socially enlightened than average and seem to have a vested interest in fighting social inequalities and injustices.
Everytime I've heard a patent story in the last several years I've been thoroughly disgusted, but never to the extent I am after reading this story.
I think Apple annoys people more than other companies. It's something of a lightning rod. Should they be more open about product roadmaps? Past performance would seem to indicate know. It doesn't matter if people are annoyed if they're selling out everything like hotcakes.
Usually I would advise you to start with Python. It's beginner-friendly and has a lot of potential.

But I think you should stick to PHP for now. You have already started to build up some knowledge. You should take advantage and build upon this foundation. Specially because as you start to get more comfortable with the basics, you'll focus more in other aspects of development than simply learning the language and its libraries.

Having a couple friends nearby that can help is also a great boost.

You'll probably want to move on in the future and learn other platforms. I see no hurry. Maybe you should take another 6 months and tackle a more challenging project, instead of rebooting to another language and platform right away.

There's a lot of bad software written in PHP, but in other languages that happens too. On the other hand, great software and great companies such as Mediawiki (Wikipedia), Wordpress and Facebook have leveraged PHP to great success.
I suggest listening to talk radio for a bit. There are more than a few professional trolls out there.
Facebook Launches WordPress Integration
100 mutations seems high, and mutations make things harder to type. I'd rather add a 5th word (in fact, I do!) to get the complexity up where I want it.

I love the idea of including non-dictionary words, though. Numbers 0-999 gives you an easy thousand, any one of which should be easy to remember in a password. Proper nouns are also likely to be memorable, although remembering which spelling variation might be more trouble.

Also, if you speak a language other than English, that's another dictionary you can pull in (gaining a number of words dependant in part on your fluency...).
What did you think of first when you read about the bat and the ball problem? Also, what's your background (e.g. CS, Maths etc.)? As someone who has a relatively strong background in maths, I quickly saw the outlines of a simple, algebraic substituion problem. I'm quite interested in how people analyze problems, so I'd love to see how the HN community approached this.
Well, Backbone as it stands doesn't really allow you to have these kinds of app-in-itself unities capable of communicating with one another. Clearly, this isn't for everyone and for all purposes. Backbone is "fine as it is" for plenty of things, but I would be willing to bet that the Backbone devs will eventually make these enhancements part of the standard architecture.
Also check out these slides by John Langford from a recent workshop. The first example is distributed training of a linear model from 17B examples in 70 minutes.

"3 Fun Machine Learning Problems for Big Data"

http://people.cs.umass.edu/~mcgregor/stocworkshop/langford.p...
You have many different types of customers, don't worry...

I booked last minute flight to SFO 2 days before Fluent Conf through Hipmunk. I was glad to get the perfect flight schedule and the whole experience took less than 15 minutes.

Loved the UI, didn't matter even if I ended up paying more.
Are there other computer manufacturers that publish a public product roadmap? I'd be curious to see one of these.
My comment was a generality. For example, if Apple (or any company) tomorrow published:

Q1 2013 (tentative) iOS 6.1
Q2 2013 (tentative) Mac Pro update
Q3 2013 (tentative) iOS 6.2

Does that give competitors a leg up on them, genuinely? What does Apple gain from being secretive? Is it just status quo thought at this point that is keeping companies thinking secretively? I understand new products being a surprise, that's kind of cool, but does it hurt Apple to be a bit more open? Is there some competitive advantage I'm missing?

Say you're Dell. You see Apple is working on a Mac Pro update. Does that change your priorities at all, strategically? Does it matter to you? Now Apple working on a game-changer, that I understand, but a simple update? Why keep that secret? What do competitors gain from knowing every little detail of what Apple is up to?

I'm trying to figure out Steve's reasoning, since I'm not terribly versed in business, and this generally seems to be a business decision. It's especially epidemic in IT, where all of us are writing cool software, but nondisclosure prevents us from sharing with competitors except in special circumstances. So instead of advancing the state of the art, we're all reinventing the wheel because our prior wheel inventions are nondisclosured to the prior company.

I just don't get secrecy.
This is big news because it means the machine will be nearly 4 years between updates. The current machine, its huge physical size, yet its weak configuration, and its absurd pricing, are insulting to professional users.

Apple is either clueless or is having serious problems maintaining competent hardware engineers despite them being the second wealthiest corporation in human history and sitting on a massive war chest. Instead of hiring the talent they need, obscene bonuses are delivered to executives since Jobs died.

The question is, why are they having trouble finding designers? I have heard various accounts from people, as well as rumors, that their pay is below industry standards. Also, certain jobs are not stable with Apple hiring people for consultant like specialized positions at employee wages, tying them to insidious contracts, and then dismissing them when their niche skills are no longer needed. It is also reported to be an abusive place to work where employees are belittled and insulted and their contributions not acknowledged.
Is there some reason that sandwiching air between the evacuated tube and the water wouldn't work? Granted it would add to the cost.

The ocean depth point is interesting. The article says "engineers would tether the tunnel at a fixed depth." I take this to mean tethering to the bottom and relying on buoyancy to keep the tunnel floating at the right depth, which presumably could be 30m or so.
I want to remove the IO.select because it slows things down unfortunately. I noticed you are using enhanced push, but also opening a feedback socket separately. I was under the impression that you were supposed to read feedback in-line with the enhanced protocol, but I may have gotten this wrong. Are you using the enhanced protocol -and- listening to the feedback socket? This is interesting, and may solve a problem I'm having, so I wanted to get your thoughts.
I blew away an unfortunately portion of my youth playing this game. When everyone has all the techs, the human wins, very easily.
Relatedly, it is possible to read the 2FA SMS message on android without pattern unlocking the phone -- it appears in the notification bar briefly.

I don't know whether it amounts to a security vulnerability, but it certainly makes it that little bit weaker.
This article has been cobbled together from a few threads here and there taken from Kahneman's own recent book popularising his research (Fast and Slow Thinking, 2011).

The book explores several interesting ideas, but I think I can safely say that "why smart people are stupid" is almost certainly NOT one of the more important themes in the book. Which I think is why, as you've noted, the results from the CRT testing don't line up with the conclusions in the article.

Actually I'll go a bit further and say that in simplifying a fairly nuanced and complex concept down to an attention grabbing headline, this article is ironically appeals to the intuitive bias trap that Kahneman describes in his book. "Why smart people are stupid" gives us an easy bypass to answer a complex question and saves us the mental effort of actually coming to grips with the problem. The explanation is satisfying, but it's also flat out WRONG.

No, the deeper theme is something of an inconvenient truth for both smart and not so smart alike. Best for you to read the book yourself if you're really interested, but I think it's not too big a stretch to say that PG was approaching the same idea in his wisdom (intuition, fast thinking) vs. intelligence (slow, deliberate thinking) essay:

"And while wisdom yields calmness, intelligence much of the time leads to discontentment.

That's particularly worth remembering. A physicist friend recently told me half his department was on Prozac. Perhaps if we acknowledge that some amount of frustration is inevitable in certain kinds of work, we can mitigate its effects."
The crowdfunding bubble of 2013
I was being sloppy in my description.

You are right that they are applying a non-linear function (step-function or logistic) to the output of a linear model, and then aggregating. I am not sure if this has equivalent modeling power as a linear model or single logreg model. I suspect it does, but haven't done the math.

I am not aware of results that say that an ensemble of linear or logreg models, trained over partitions of the data, is better than a single linear or logreg model trained over all the data. My understanding was that the opposite was true. Most of the positive results for ensemble methods and bagging are when the base classifier is a decision splits and decision trees, in which case it is clear that the ensemble has more modeling power.
That $85 price tag is a Windows RT and Office Metro bundle. So, it's not _just_ Windows in question. I think the title should be adjusted to reflect this.

Read this Windows Team blog post to see what I mean: http://windowsteamblog.com/windows/b/bloggingwindows/archive...
People on HN are there to talk about tech, and they prefer it to happen within the confines of what is currently the majority demographic: young male tech person who’s every-day life doesn’t involve constant harassment.

Talking about the subject of sexism in tech means the members of the majority demographic have to start acknowledging their own privileges and mistakes (made in the past), two things they’d rather avoid altogether. Understandable, but unhelpful.

There are lots of great folks on HN, and lots of women, too. However, their voices often get drowned out by the other group. I know of many female developers / engineers who have abandoned HN because the systemic misogyny became too unbearable to be confronted with on a daily basis.
Is there anything suspicious in the system log? I'm guessing that you might have a kext (like for VMWare Fusion of VirtualBox) that's misbehaving when waking up.
I agree, although I would argue for making JavaScript your primary language for web development, especially in light of (a) the possibility that has emerged in the past few years of running JavaScript on the front and back end (I'm referring of course to Node.js), and (b) the movement toward doing and more and more on the front end with far more selective recourse to the back end (here I'm referring to libraries like Backbone, Ember, etc.). PHP and Python are both very cool and have amazing communities, but get as comfortable as possible with JS first.
How about X-rays emitted by adhesive tape when you pull it off glass?
Perhaps they don't want to just rehash the same old tower form factor.
Here's how the Japanese high speed trains deal with earthquakes: They have emergency break systems (I think its small ceramic globuli or something of the sort) and a really good forewarning system. 2011-3-11 all Shinkansen were at a halt when the big one hit and noone was harmes on them. I don't see why you couldn't do the same here.
For an absolute beginner, I think a more integrated solution might provide a less frustrating learning curve. Selecting, learning and integrating a full web stack is no trivial task.
I don't "assume", I induce. See Newton's rules of reasoning. Pay particular attention to Rule IV.

It is clear from many examples that rationality gives us the utmost ability to adapt, prosper, and survive over the long term. And there is no example that truly leads in the other direction. (There are many perverse definitions and applications of "rationality" that seem to trick some people into thinking it does lead in the contrary direction).
Agreed. Oracle and Google fighting it out doesn't really tug at your heartstrings -- but this is just sad. It puts a human face on the effects of patent hoarding / trolling.
pg's reply as to why such threads get killed (and likely this one will as well):

http://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=4103210

>Because in the guidelines we ask people who have questions or complaints about moderation to contact us directly rather than by posting on HN

Basically, because pg said so.
> Personally, I have yet to see any evidence suggesting rationality is even desirable

Interesting idea. I think a certain amount of rationality is desirable -- people of below median or even near-median rationality go round making really stupid decisions which screw up their lives. On the other hand, once you've stopped hiding from imaginary demons, buying magnetic charm bracelets and drinking venti caramel frappucinos, further effort in becoming more rational may be severely diminishing returns.

How would it really help me if I were more rational and less subject to cognitive biases? I don't think it would help me much in making my day-to-day decisions. I honestly don't think it would help me in my work, either. It might well help in tackling really, really difficult questions where it's extremely difficult to disentangle your own feelings from the correct answers -- things like "What is the probability that humans will one day achieve immortality", or "What is the fairest possible tax system?" But would answering those questions actually enhance my life? Humans will achieve immortality, or not, regardless of whether I correctly predict the probability circa 2012, and even if I did come up with the fairest possible tax system I have no chance of actually getting it implemented, so it would just cause me frustration.

The people who did really great things in history -- whoever you might choose as your examples -- did they achieve it by being significantly more rational than everyone else? Not really, no. They did it by achieving some baseline level of rationality and then being extremely good at other stuff.
Couldn't find that in the guide (reading feedback from the same socket). I might have missed it though.

And yep. We're using the enhanced protocol while opening another connection to the feedback service. I just followed this section of the docs.

http://developer.apple.com/library/mac/#documentation/Networ...
I see it differently. The whole point of the article is that these problems affect smart people.

>For one thing, self-awareness was not particularly useful: as the scientists note, “people who were aware of their own biases were not better able to overcome them.” This finding wouldn’t surprise Kahneman, who admits in “Thinking, Fast and Slow” that his decades of groundbreaking research have failed to significantly improve his own mental performance. “My intuitive thinking is just as prone to overconfidence, extreme predictions, and the planning fallacy”—a tendency to underestimate how long it will take to complete a task—“as it was before I made a study of these issues,” he writes.

It has nothing to do with knowledge of higher level mathematics because these problems are easily solvable with arithmetic. Lacking calculus doesn't kill you on this problem. An intuitive gut feeling that you've already arrived at the right answer and laziness is the source of confusion.

I've even read about that damn bat and ball problem and it STILL tripped me up this time. I could easily have double checked my answer, but I wanted to read the article. Even a child knowing nothing other than addition could get it right with a little bit of trial and error. I hope after admitting that you see that I don't find the problems condescendingly trivial.

Personally, I found the second problem much easier... probably because programmers have a better intuitive grasp of powers of 2. Bringing in slope is stretching it a bit. Working in reverse from the completely covered lake, it should be obvious that going back one day halves the lily pads. However, I could imagine how someone more familiar with linear processes would get the wrong intuitive result.

>The answers they come up with appears right to their known level of logic.

A studious habit sure, but checking your answer isn't a higher level math skill.
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Nothing that can do Amazon or Netflix streaming without constant fiddling and other annoyances.
Apple being as wealthy as it is implies, to the contrary, that it is not clueless.
I can guarantee you that the Heroku architecture uses an internal slang for common sysadmin concepts.
Again, thank you for replying and have an upvote, but I respectfully disagree. My impression is that it scares people in a way that makes them afraid to talk about it.

I am not afraid of difficult subjects of this sort but many people are, and usually with very good reason. You and another commenter have already come out gunning for people here when the only "crime" may be discomfort or fear of saying the wrong thing on a very loaded topic. God forbid they give you and others actual ammo against them by opening their mouths.
I like Apple's approach. For example a transit authority could have an application that for example included real-time GPS tracking of buses, they could have options in the app to buy passes, request stops, etc, etc. Within the Google Map's ecosystem it seems to me they would have to wait around for Google to do support all this. It's a very top heavy approach. It looks like Apple wants to basically build a mini-app store inside of Maps.
I wasn't aware of this; you may want to think about how you can better communicate this to your users.
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Civ game 236 years old