skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
If this works and becomes a common dental procedure I will be soooo happy. Every time I go to the dentist I ask them if anything like this is coming down the pipeline and they laugh...
Big sample size issue here. I don't know why anyone would want to share that they have a profitable one person business, as it only invites competition. The people actually doing that are almost certainly going to keep it a secret.
Zoom out a bit. There’s a massive feeder ecosystem around llama. You’ll see many startups take this on and help drive down inference costs for everyone and create competitive pressure that will improve the state of the art.
I just don't understand someone writing an article like this and not making any attempt at explaining WHY things are getting so bad in the last 10 years.

Animal Farm dystopia.
I suspect 30B models are in a weird spot, too big for widespread home use, too small for cutting edge performance.

For home users 7B models (which can fit on an 8GB GPU) and 13B models (which can fit on a 16GB GPU) are in far more demand. If you're a researcher, you want a 70B model to get the best performance, and so your benchmarks are comparable to everyone else.
This seems to be a guilt-alleviation machine. I wont have to banish my newsletters to 'mark as read' hell on Mondays
The chargeback is meant as last resort though when a company is not cooperating. The company has already been refunding without having to do a chargeback. The chargeback is meant to let the processor know that their customer isn't holding up their end of the agreement.
Trust Networks: How We Know Things
Yes, ideally played when the dance floor has been full for a while to encourage people to go to the bar and buy another drink.
Symmetry breaking is the general phenomenon that underlies most of that.

The classic example is this:

Imagine you have a perfectly symmetrical sombrero[1], and there's a ball balanced on top of the middle of the hat. There's no preferred direction it should fall in, but it's _unstable_. Any perturbation will make it roll down hill and come to rest in a stable configuration on the brim of the hat. The symmetry of the original configuration is now broken, but it's stable.

1: https://m.media-amazon.com/images/I/61M0LFKjI9L.__AC_SX300_S...
Donkeys are dying with stomachs full of plastic – and other animals are at risk
I have many female friends. I hear a lot of worry about avoiding bad dates, not only for their sanity but also for their physical safety. I don’t hear them bragging about free meals.
The biggest-ever global outage: lessons for software engineers
This is once case where the entire company should have been shut down. It's a shame the prosecutor's options are so limited. The maximum fine was $3MM.
Security Now is still going strong and I listen weekly! And Steve recently committed to continuing past 1000 episodes (he was previously planning to wind things down).

He’s continuing to do awesome work and I deeply appreciate him for it.
There are electrical junction boxes all over my neighborhood, that direct power to the stoplights and residential buildings (?). They have a simple padlock, and could be opened in 30 seconds with a lockpick or bolt cutters.

Nobody tries! Not even to test it out! The question isn't "How easy is it to break in?", but rather "Should I be tampering with this?"
Yes - first - this is progressive - but, not efficient in the context of Median income being $40k, poverty being $12k, and most welfare programs having a cutoff at ~$30k.

The 10% bracket is all under poverty level (the reasons this exists is somewhere between occasional part time work for seniors or teenagers, the standard deduction)

The 12% bracket includes ~50% of individual filers that are under most welfare levels. Does that 20% increase in tax rate make sense for that group? The Married/household rate covers the majority of American households, including median household income.

The 22% bracket... let's start with this is a 47% graduation increase versus the previous 20% increase (more than double)

The 24% bracket... again, a seemingly random increase of < 10% rate graduation increase

The 32% bracket... an 8 point rate increase, that's 25%...

The 35% bracket, back to a 3 point, 10% increase

the 37% bracket, even more decreasing, a 2 point, 6% increase

So; the rates of graduation increase are 10%, 47%, 10% , 25%, 10%, 6%; from a distance we can see that the 47% and 25% changes are definitely outliers; If, the top rates of change were at least at the top marginal incomes, it would make more sense.

It looks even worse if you also include the regressive 6.2% OASDI payroll tax. 16%, 18%, 28%, 30%, 38%, and 41% -- 25%, 55%, 11%, 26%, 8% (ignoring the employer's OASDI / Social Security)

Nc Income tax rates
4.5%

SC Income Tax Rates
$0-$3200, 3%
> $3200, 6.5%

Al Income tax rates
$0-$500 2%
$500-$2500 4%
> $2500 5%
The Action Lab did a very informative and interesting video on Heat Pipes: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OR8u__Hcb3k

I had seen those things inside laptops, but always assumed it was just ordinary copper rod.
It's significantly easier to configure - as in, I use it without any configuration whatsoever in my current project. Just drop an html file in your crate and run `trunk serve`.
If you know of some boring, obscure market niches that are also likely to be profitable, meaning the cost of customer acquisition is easily less than the profit per customer, and is scalably solved with a software product, please either share with HN readers, or at least offer to sell them to us.

They say ideas are worth nothing, but not to me. If you really have some good ideas (see definition above), I would be interested in buying them at a reasonable price.
If you think of open source as a protocol through which the ecosystem of companies loosely collaborate, then it's a big deal. E.g. Groq can work on inference without a complicated negotiations with Meta. Ditto for Huggingface, and smaller startups.

I agree with you on open source in the original, home tinkerer sense.
> 3. You can only call a red function from within a red function

The base of most arguments against async. And it's false. You can call red from blue. And you should, sometimes.
A little more context… This is a real decision I’m making with Common Lisp, Guile and Janet as my current leading options.

But … I feel like documenting all the thoughts in an essay/blog form may be helpful to others.

(And my post history will show I’ve gone down this path before. Trying again. Since last time I gave up due to the paradox of choice.)
Rejection: Getting to a No
How we say no matters. Yet we never talk about this. Rejection is often celebrated. It means you got out of your comfort zone and tried and received signal. Yet, how to share this signal is less talked about. Here I unpack it, from VC-s to love interests, the whole range. It matters how and when you say no.
Is there an actual open-source community around this in the spirit of other ones where people outside meta can somehow "contribute" to it? If I wanted to "work on" this somehow, what would I do?
He can delegate it.
You asked why that would be a problem, not that we agree. I like your point of view but I think in general society is less diverse than our personal experience. At least in my country, which is a mix of very liberal and very conservative (Brazil), most recruiters would discriminate against gambling and porn, not by the other tech people but from the other areas of the company. Less likely to happen in a full tech company.
> This is how we’ve managed security on our social networks – our more robust AI systems identify and stop threats from less sophisticated actors who often use smaller scale AI systems.

Ok, first of all, has this really worked? AI moderators still can't capture the mass of obvious spam/bots on all their platforms, threads included. Second, AI detection doesn't work, and with how much better the systems are getting, it's probably never going to, unless you keep the best models for yourself, and it's is clear from the rest of the note that its not zuck's intention to do so.

> As long as everyone has access to similar generations of models – which open source promotes – then governments and institutions with more compute resources will be able to check bad actors with less compute.

This just doesn't make sense. How are you going to prevent AI spam, AI deepfakes from causing harm with more compute? What are you gonna do with more compute about nonconsensual deepfakes? People are already using AI to bypass identity verification on your social media networks, and pump out loads of spam.
Not a designer or a manufacturing engineer so perhaps I don't understand the minutiae, but things we know that just work:

Switches
Buttons
Dials
Knobs

and 3.5 mm jacks
Sounds like the LLM facilitated a human to gain experience, by making mistakes for the human and then correcting those mistakes also likely in an incorrect way. LLMs are effectively very very bad teachers.

The LLM given the same inputs tomorrow is likely to return similar responses. If a human did that they would likely be concidered to have some sort of medical condition...
They ditched the GIL a while a ago. But there are smaller locks fighting for resources.

EDIT - I remember when patch notes years ago said the GIL was gone and this says there is a GVL, I guess there is some subtle difference.

then I think for practical purposes, "yes" is your answer, but not in precisely that name.
thoughts on how to say no and why it matters
> Typical middle class houses cost $300k - $500k here, with luxury houses costing roughly $1m and small starter homes costing $200k (just using real estate as a rough proxy for cost of living)

That used to be the case where I live, just a few years ago. Now what used to be a starter home is over $400k.
Rust doesn't solve the CrowdStrike outage
I guess it's a fair assumption you never once attempted to calculate your own taxes in the first decade of filing taxes? Did you just drop some papers off to an accountant the first year that you reached adulthood?

I've used an accountant occasionally, but only when I had genuinely confusing tax issues involving international work or work across many states where I wasn't sure whether there existed a "nexus" that required me to pay taxes in State A or State B. Even then I did my best to double-check their work, and often caught errors/omissions. Most of my friends also do their own taxes (and have since 2006), regardless if they were line cooks or painters or engineers or MBB consultants. So I'm just not familiar with the lifestyles that lead to this.

I'd actually understand it more for people who've entered the workforce since 2005, because TurboTax/etc became much more popular. I did taxes with my dad in the mid-90's before most homes had internet, and back then it seemed far more likely that people would understand how taxes worked, because there wasn't super-easy software to do it for you.
Transplants? Fucking pathetic.
Markdown is great. I use it all day, every day. But, email clients are mostly targeted toward general users. General users don't know what Markdown is, don't know how to use it, and don't want to use it.

General users want WYSIWYG. There's nothing wrong with HTML. It is the predominant standard and along with CSS, very expressive.
There is also case where logical replication is not 100% complete. One of our application uses LOBs for some reason and can't do logical replication.
The Unix Pipe Card Game
Only if it is truly open source (open data sets, transparent curation/moderation/censorship of data sets, open training source code, open evaluation suites, and an OSI approved open source license).

Open weights (and open inference code) is NOT open source, but just some weak open washing marketing.

The model that comes closest to being TRULY open is AI2’s OLMo. See their blog post on their approach:

https://blog.allenai.org/hello-olmo-a-truly-open-llm-43f7e73...

I think the only thing they’re not open about is how they’ve curated/censored their “Dolma” training data set, as I don’t think they explicitly share each decision made or the original uncensored dataset:

https://blog.allenai.org/dolma-3-trillion-tokens-open-llm-co...

By the way, OSI is working on defining open source for AI. They post weekly updates to their blog. Example:

https://opensource.org/blog/open-source-ai-definition-weekly...
Well, what has this to do with killing animals?

How did someone say? To kill someone, cut off his head and build a nice vase out of it is called culture. To have to go to prison for it is called civilization.

Besides that, raising animals for meat is terrible energy inefficient.
Mushrooms Underwater
>A recently discovered species of mushroom, Psathyrella aquatica, has been described as the only aquatic gilled fungus
“The Heavy Press Program was a Cold War-era program of the United States Air Force to build the largest forging presses and extrusion presses in the world.” This ”program began in 1944 and concluded in 1957 after construction of four forging presses and six extruders, at an overall cost of $279 million. Six of them are still in operation today, manufacturing structural parts for military and commercial aircraft” [1].

$279mm in 1957 dollars is about $3.2bn today [2]. A public cluster of GPUs provided for free to American universities, companies and non-profits might not be a bad idea.

[1] https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heavy_Press_Program

[2] https://data.bls.gov/cgi-bin/cpicalc.pl?cost1=279&year1=1957...
Stock values can plummet.
Would you say that all claims about the world are subjective, because they have to be based on someone’s observations?

For example my cat weighs 13 pounds. That seems objective, in the sense that if two people disagree, only one can be right. But the claim is based on my observations. I think your logic leads us to deny that anything is objective.
You've kind of got two different things:

1) Current AI, mostly LLMs, not much economic impact, no extinction risk.

2) Sci-fi like future ASI, big impact, some existential risk.

Discussing the second is tricky as we don't quite know how it will go and will probably change all sorts of things. But re 'we are all going to die' type stuff, currently we will with certainty due to age, with sci-fi AI, not necessarily. So that kind of p(doom) is much lower with ASI.
Yes, a network access and DOM write permission should be one and the same. I think the reason it isn't done is because there are so many ways to leak data over a network. If the extension can trigger a DNS lookup somehow, it can exfiltrate data.

Android used to have a network permission but Google removed it.
On every post like this on hacker news, I post my pro meta speech. My opinion has always been the same:

1. Meta pushed engineering wages higher across the industry.

2. They promote high performing engineers very quickly. There are engineers making 7 figures there with just a few years experience.

3. They have open sourced the most important frameworks: React and Pytorch

This company is a guiding light forcing the hand of other large corporations. Mark Zuckerberg is a hero, and has done a fantastic job
Someday I will create both formats: a control-characters are banned format (and never accepted) and one where they are escaped. That ought to be good enough for all needs!

(A trivial evening project for some; not for all of us)
Well around 40% of households don't pay federal taxes at all, and presumably a large chunk of those who do are in the lowest tax bracket so they might not ever need to know how it actually works.
You can chat with these new models at ultra-low latency at groq.com. 8B and 70B API access is available at console.groq.com. 405B API access for select customers only – GA and 3rd party speed benchmarks soon.

If you want to learn more, there is a writeup at https://wow.groq.com/now-available-on-groq-the-largest-and-m....

(disclaimer, I am a Groq employee)
Well, maybe the advise was right, but 20 years too early.
Try two weeks ;) (last elections in France)
What's normal to [them], amazes us! https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=McbdzzqVtDA
You know you don't have to let yourself be gatekept by a doctor, right?
it depends. Doing a complete disaster recovery of a windows system IMHO can be a real struggle. Especially if you have to restore a system to different hardware, which the system state backup that microsoft offers does not support afaik.

Backing up a linux system in combination with REAR:

https://github.com/rear/rear

and a backup utility of your choice for the regular backup has never failed me so far. I used it to restore linux systems to complete different hardware without any troubles.
Who says that the recording medium simply didn't have 1 petapixel resolution? Or its analog analog to stick with the movie
With:

![Web Bug](https://foo.com/trackingbug.png?campaign=345345344353trgfegrgerge)
That's one perspective I suppose. I have a MacBook on my desk at work solely for testing in Safari. I can no longer use it for that purpose because it won't even let me upgrade the OS. That sounds like a whole new piece of software to me. Windows actually has been substantially re-written. I guess MacOS has also? It seems more honest to me call it a different product.

Not that I strongly care much one way or another.
so that North Korea will create small call centers for cheaper, since they can get these models for free?
A fun middle ground to compiling to IL is using System.Linq.Expression<T> as a compiler. This was the middle ground that the "DLR" (Dynamic Language Runtime) used to great effect. System.Dynamic is still in the BCL and still useful, even though the dreams of IronPython and IronRuby and interop between them are sort of dead/dormant. System.Dynamic.DynamicMetaObject is still a fun thing to play with in how much power it gives you do some surprisingly optimized dynamic language things, all using System.Linq.Expression<T> as the higher level intermediate language than raw IL.
Could you help me understand what you are suggesting is done instead?

To me, it seems like you're suggesting that vulnerabilities are just left in play until someone malicious comes along and decides to do some real damage. But that seems so silly that I must be missing some alternative that you're thinking about.
"Eventually though, open source Linux gained popularity – initially because it allowed developers to modify its code however they wanted ..."

I find the language around "open source AI" to be confusing. With "open source" there's usually "source" to open, right? As in, there is human legible code that can be read and modified by the user? If so, then how can current ML models be open source? They're very large matrices that are, for the most part, inscrutable to the user. They seem akin to binaries, which, yes, can be modified by the user, but are extremely obscured to the user, and require enormous effort to understand and effectively modify.

"Open source" code is not just code that isn't executed remotely over an API, and it seems like maybe its being conflated with that here?
> there is no longer an incentive to create and popularize creative work

It's reasonable to be worried about this scenario. If there was no incentive to produce creative work, our society would be much worse.

But the notion that there's only one way to prevent this scenario, and it requires a drastic expansion of the already sweeping "intellectual property" regime...well it just lacks creativity.

It's not that we want to eliminate the incentive to be creative, it's that we believe there are better ways to prevent that scenario than to further entrench a broken system.
https://www.typescriptlang.org/docs/handbook/type-compatibil...

https://www.typescriptlang.org/play/?strictFunctionTypes=fal...
If it's water, how does it turn into vapor below 100 C? Is there some pressure magic in the heat pipe?
This is a naive view, other people’s code is even more of a liability. Look at crowdstrike and opensource infiltrations. Using opensource software doesn’t magically grant you security nor stability.
I was thinking of Haskell and F#. Neither one is completely unused outside of academic contexts but it is rare.

Rust is an example where a stronger type system has an associated payoff and it's being used all over.
We came close, as we had architects who knew little besides Snowflake.

While there are all kinds of issues it can't handle for CRUD, such as locking and small updates, it's also expensive to do small reads due to the reliance on auto-scaling instead of timesharing. If your app pageloads and issues dozens of queries to populate its widgets, SF will be both slow and expensive.
This is obviously good news, but __personally__ I feel the open-source models are just trying to catch up with whoever the market leader is, based on some benchmarks.

The actual problem is running these models. Very few companies can afford the hardware to run these models privately. If you run them in the cloud, then I don't see any potential financial gain for any company to fine-tune these huge models just to catch up with OpenAI or Anthropic, when you can probably get a much better deal by fine-tuning the closed-source models.

Also this point:

> We need to protect our data. Many organizations handle sensitive data that they need to secure and can’t send to closed models over cloud APIs.

First, it's ironic that Meta is talking about privacy. Second, most companies will run these models in the cloud anyway. You can run OpenAI via Azure Enterprise and Anthropic on AWS Bedrock.
I live close to a city with a bunch of gambling companies and yeah, devs at those companies are definitely judged for their choices, similar to people who work for crypto / NFT companies. It has a reputational risk similar to working for porn companies (but less severe).
Honestly, despite that blog, async coloring is a feature. The pattern enforces implicit critical sections between yields and the coloring is how the dev can know what will yield.
Fun fact: sorting ASCII numerically puts all the uppercase letters first, followed by all the lowercase letters (ABC... abc...). A more typical dictionary ordering would be more like AaBbCc... (or to even consider A and a at the same sort level and only use them to break ties if the words are otherwise identical).

The order used by ASCII is sometimes called "ASCIIbetical", which I think is wonderful.

https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/ASCIIbetical
CrowdStrike just added "Centralized Company Controlled Software Ecosystem" to every risk data sheet on the planet. Everything futureproof is self-hosted and open source.
I agree with the math, but the reality on the ground is much more complex.

Sure, a waitlist of a few months is fine here. But waitlists of > 1 year are the norm (at least for all the parents I've talked with). I can't see how any mod() math is going to square up with those long of waits.

Look, the US is the only country that has this issue. And it's a huge issue. Talk to any parent of young kids, they will all complain about the daycare system we have. It needs fixing and raw capitalism isn't the method to fix it with.
Building a business is really hard.
> Only if it is truly open source (open data sets, transparent curation/moderation/censorship of data sets, open training source code, open evaluation suites, and an OSI approved open source license)

You’re missing a then to your if. What happens if it’s “truly” open per your definition versus not?
Note that Meta's models are not open source in any interpretation of the term.

* You can't use them for any purpose. For example, the license prohibits using these models to train other models.
* You can't meaningfully modify them given there is almost no information available about the training data, how they were trained, or how the training data was processed.

As such, the model itself is not available under an open source license and the AI does not comply with the "open source AI" definition by OSI.

It's an utter disgrace for Meta to write such a blogpost patting themselves on the back while lying about how open these models are.