skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
> It's interesting how so many people have an aversion to being a business owner / entrepreneur

I like coding. I don't want to run a business, and these are very separate skills. This is like asking why an IC doesn't want to become a people manager.
> they have brought the cost of pretraining a frontier 400B+ parameter model to ZERO

It is still far from zero.
Sounds like a terrible idea. Was there ever any proof that Samsung's foldable phones took off better than expected? It's Apple, so quality is probably going to be OK, but personally... I am good with a regular phone. Foldable feels a bit gimmicky to me.

Also, two different sources for this story from what I can tell. Digitimes and The Information, but since both are hard paywalls, this can probably stay up.
I learned vim proper by reading :help on an eeepc while flying back and forth over the Atlantic alone one year.
No, that's Time Machine.
405 is a lot of B's. What does it take to run or host that?
> Over 20,000 objects had to have been catalogued and replaced, exactly where they were at the time of her death

There's actually a whole industry specializing in this process, mostly centered around Hollywood. Whenever they film at someone's house, these companies come in and remove all of their personal belongings for shooting, then restore them exactly like they were afterwards.
> slightly slower

Because of the FFI overhead?
Are you proposing every domain name registrant pay for an annual appraisal, whether or not they are planning on selling?
> It's a refund mechanism used as a last resort.

you've just skipped over then entire part where the websites are freely refunding and not denying refund claims making the last resort of a chargeback entirely unnecessary
Abraham Lincoln: "Discourage Litigation." (2023)
"You can modify individual neurons if you are so inclined."

You can also modify a binary, but that doesn't mean that binaries are open source.

"That's what Anthropic have done with the Claude family of models [1]. ... Techniques for introspection of weights are very primitive, but i do think new techniques will be developed"

Yeah, I don't think what we have now is robust enough interpretability to be capable of generating something comparable to "source code", but I would like to see us get there at some point. It might sound crazy, but a few years ago the degree of interpretability we have today (thanks in no small part to Anthropic's work) would have sounded crazy.

I think getting to open sourcable models is probably pretty important for producing models that actually do what we want them to do, and as these models become more powerful and integrated into our lives and production processes the inability to make them do what we actually want them to do may become increasingly dangerous. Muddling the meaning of open source today to market your product, then, can have troubling downstream effects as focus in the open source community may be taken away from interpretability and on distributing and tuning public weights.
I wonder what the cost of these would have been at the time, I’m guessing paper was at least an order of magnitude more expensive and the purchasing power was lower.
I make those decks (https://punkx.org/) to help me teach my daughter, and so far they seem very effective, especially the unix pipes one and the 4917 machine code https://punkx.org/4917/ and the pointers deck https://punkx.org/c-pointer-game/ , from the python deck I use only 10 cards or so

btw, you might also like https://punkx.org/overflow/ which is a buffer overflow riscv assembly board game, or depending on your kid's level you can also play snakes and ladders with gotos https://punkx.org/overflow/build/snakes-and-ladders.pdf

Also if you have kids, I would recommend you print https://punkx.org/panic/ which has amazing pranks that fit in one poker card (e.g. randomly hitting backspace or space every 30 seconds, or pressing W randomly if minecraft is open)

I am donating a lot of the decks to teachers and schools, so if you are interested send me an email.

PS: I am in London for 1 more week, so if you order decks now the shipping will be delayed, but I will make sure I add 1-2 extra decks in the package because of it.

PPS: the unix pipes expansion deck is all about process substitution, but I don't think its useful for kids, though I think it contains nice puzzles
I don't dispute that the math is compatible. The problem is the interpretation thereof. When I say "shallowest", I mean the implications of each are very different.

Insofar as I'm aware, there is no information-theoretic equivalent to the 2nd or 3rd laws of thermodynamics, so the intuition a student works up from physics about how and why entropy matters just doesn't transfer. Likewise, even if an information science student is well versed in the concept of configuration entropy, that's 15 minutes of one lecture in statistical thermodynamics. There's still the rest of the course to consider.
They're basically making an argument of "talking about the programming language involved is missing the forest for the trees." Bugs are inevitable, regardless of language, and so the real culprit here is a lack of QA/validation before deploy.

Which like, sure, it's a good point in general, but it's also worth discussing if certain technologies would make your QA team's lives easier. Both "would this tool catch this bug" and "are there structural problems that led to a bug slipping through into production" are valid questions.

In my mind, the author is making the same mistake he accuses others of making, just from the opposite direction.
Look at it from the perspective of an elected official:

If it succeeds, you were ahead of the curve. If it fails, you were prudent enough to fund an investigation early. Either way, bleeding edge tech gives you a W.
But then ironically, the problem with relying on programming language type systems is that they don't scale (beyond the boundaries of a single process). As soon as you are crossing a wire you have to go back to runtime validations.
Funny. I share your skepticism somewhat but I was thinking about cultured meat as the solution to those problems. I'd imagine no need for antibiotics. Cynically, they probably would still have to bleach the meat or something. Though the US does that to chicken now.
Yah yah what a skillful strawman you can build
The report is from the NPCC. Here is another report of theirs on the difference between crime levels and reporting levels:

> A significant contributory factor to the increase in recorded crime is the 30 per cent increase in records of violence without injury, and 37 per cent rise in records of sexual offences. NPCC analysis with police forces suggests that increases are as a result of improved recording practices and greater victim confidence to report and do not indicate a marked rise in offending

https://news.npcc.police.uk/releases/stats-show-crime-fallin...

A similar situation with hate crimes:

https://news.npcc.police.uk/releases/increases-in-hate-crime...

Also, the actual source of the current story:

https://news.npcc.police.uk/releases/call-to-action-as-viole...
How can it get you shot?
Thanks! I'm building a new robotics framework, a competitor to ROS - https://www.basisrobotics.tech/
Recently I came across "Theory and pragmatics of the tz code and data" (*) and really enjoyed as a primer on how timezone names are picked and what made tz the current form.

(*) https://ftp.iana.org/tz/tzdb-2022b/theory.html
Related ongoing thread:

Llama 3.1 - https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=41046540 - July 2024 (114 comments)
Related ongoing thread:

Open source AI is the path forward - https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=41046773 - July 2024 (278 comments)
What are your thoughts on the Testing Pyramid versus What you see in Reality?
This is our 5th watercooler discussion that came from reddit.com/r/softwaretesting and our Software Automation Discord:
https://discord.com/invite/9m4HkejXgs

We have over 300+ members from all ranges/expertise of YOE (0-30+) and many of us are happy to give free advice!
Nothing is impossible, so best of luck to the OP, but to add to the above, the kind of clients with the budget for your solution might also be the kind where their legal department requires that you have audited compliance procedures for various certs. It sounds like you design your solutions with the tech work for that already in mind, but it’s something that needs extended to the paperwork side of things to get past the gatekeepers
So, if a private company is successful, you will nationalize its IP under some guise of maximizing the benefit to society? That form of government was tried once. It failed miserably.

Under your idea, we’ll try a badly broken economic philosophy again. And while we’re at it, we will completely stifle investment in innovation.
just... this is why this forum exists. thank you
CAs need to know every certificate they've issued so that

a) if they receive a request to revoke that certificate, they can actually do so; and

b) if they need to revoke all of their certs (e.g. due to discovering a validation process failure) they don't miss any.
I was that dumb foreigner in Japan that got lost in a forest on an island off the Shimanami Kaido (I think it was Setoda IIRC).

I had to get to a bus stop near a highway in a very rural area, and Google Maps led me through a (albeit gorgeous) winding path through farms and forests, until the underbrush started taking over the road. With the last bus time quickly approaching, and having to get to the next island over as that's where my next hotel was, I was starting to get desperate, rushing through vines and fallen tree limbs.

The path ended with a gate, looking nothing like what Google was telling me the path should.

Eventually I back tracked, and arrived just in time for my bus. I had leaves in my hair and my legs were all scratched, which left this gaijin looking even more like like a sore thumb in this rural island.

All this to say, I was dumb and frankly a bit ill prepared for this particular leg of the trip. In very weak, tepid defence, organizing these smaller details in rural areas of countries whose language you don't speak can be at times challenging.
Ask HN: How does unlimited PTO work at your company
Pah, good irish Whiskey doesn't need to add dirt to add flavour, leave that to the Scotch!
All said and done, it is a very expensive and balsy way to undercut competitors. They’ve spent > $5B on hardware alone, much of which will depreciate in value quickly.

Pretty sure the only reason Meta’s managed to do this is because of Zuck’s iron grip on the board (majority voting rights). This is great for Open Source and regular people though!
Wasn't this an issue in Windows? I know there is an ebpf compatibly layer of sorts - but wasn't aware that was being used by crowdstrike.
Another data point from a couple months ago -- I have about 15 years of experience including FAANG, went on the job market (fully remote only; I'm not in SF) and ended up with two offers. Senior SWE at a small but public tech company everyone has heard of, and Staff at a late-stage startup on track to IPO ~next year. Both offers were about $500k (the startup a little more but paper money); I took the former one.

I've also spent large parts of my career as an independent consultant -- similar compensation most years.
This is parenting 101 for anything non-permanent. For a piece of software it's basically common sense.
>> The extra value is extracted from the buyers (many of whom are workers elsewhere).

>Who could, in turn, work less if burger prices didn't reflect the need to pay investors more than they invested.

This then invokes the problem that if everyone works less, less is produced. Even if you raise salaries, the options are the same. A) Same hours, same amount of goods to buy, or B) fewer hours, fewer goods to buy.

This is why I am saying "value" is entirely besides the point. What matters is production and consumption. you could cut salaries by 99%, and if production is the same, prices go down 99%. You can double salaries, and if production is the same, prices double.

The amount of "value" an investor has locked up doesnt change this. all that matters is the consumption of investors. If Investors are buying and eating all the hamburgers for themselves, yeah, that impacts workers. If they stick it a locked box of reinvested stocks, it has exactly zero impact.

>You can always measure by actual consumption.

Yes, this has been proposed in the last 150 years of economic literature. The challenge is who measures it, and who controls it. Remember, we already no that the market isnt perfect. The question is if it is better than a realistic alternative. Do you think a panel of elected republicans and democrats, with all their campaign promises, lobbyists, and personal product desires would do a better job of keeping the super market stocked?

>Note Walmart is subsidized by government programs that pay their employees because the wages Walmart pays are considered too low for survival.

Lets be honest about what is happening here. Voters feel bad and want people to have more money than Walmart needs to pay them to secure their work.

Calling this a subsidy is rhetoric. Walmart doesn't need the programs. Walmart will have enough workers either way, or even raise the wage to secure workers if they need to.
You'll want to reserve ahead on a weekend! They have strict capacity limits, which is why it never feels too crowded.

I'm amazed at how many of us in Los Angeles live here for years and skip this place. It's one of the most beautiful places I've ever been.
No need to download if you've got physical copies. A hacked Wii (which is simple to set up nowadays) can easily dump your games to a usable legal ROM.
It's been almost 20 years since I worked in the industry, so I don't want to make assumptions about specific products.

When I was in the industry, it would be things like disabling caches, disabling cores, ect. I don't remember specific products, though.

Likewise, some die can handle higher voltages, clock speeds, ect.
I thought home use is whatever fits in 24GB (a single 3090 GPU, which is pretty affordable), not 8 or 16. 30B models fit.
> "Steve ...[Jobs] understood a very important principle: there's no upside in being wrong."
Nothing interesting. No matter what people say, starting a business is incredibly difficult and takes a certain amount of luck. I've done 3. Failed at all 3. Made $0. Some people aren't cut out and are better off being employees.
Infinite SVG Graph
I've done a fair amount of technical hiring at hedge funds, my experience doesn't support this comment. There is some amount of credentialism/elitism in hedge fund hiring, but I see that more on the fundamental investment side, and much less for technical roles. There are a lot more hedge funds than FAANG companies, and different funds can have very different cultures.
Good to get your message, I have some of the same experience.

I do better as a consultant/contractor for a client who is a previous customer from when I had my own facility. Fundamentally I used to provide the paperwork (the deliverable/invoiceable product) and supported everything needed to generate it, including any free advice which goes along to smooth the flow. Now I'm paid to help their paperwork achieve and maintain value with none of mine in the mix at all, but I'm basically doing a lot of the same stuff when I'm on site.

As a contractor aren't you now a small business operator of a different type, perhaps much smaller?

I would estimate in more of the exact same business in so many ways very few ever come close to that.

Maybe even doing some of the same things under different degrees of ownership and responsibility, and this could be a good example of way different compensation when the only difference is the underlying arrangement.

Looks like ironc can be good :)
Makes me wonder why he's really doing this. Zuckerberg being Zuckerberg, it can't be out of any genuine sense of altruism. Probably just wants to crush all competitors before he monetizes the next generation of Meta AI.
> I don't have any solid theories as to why

What sees you discount the obvious? That is, formally educated people end up in formal education because they have a proclivity towards not wanting to have to go out and get it. They want someone else to hand it to them. Which is, after all, what the "formal" part of formal education describes.
We could discuss completeness of the sample space, and we can also discuss completeness of the hypothesis space.

In Solomonoff Induction, which purports to be a theory of universal inductive inference, the "complete hypothesis space" consists of all computable programs (note that all current physical theories are computable, so this hypothesis space is very general). Then induction is performed by keeping all programs consistent with the observations, weighted by 2 terms: the programs prior likelihood, and the probability that program assigns to the observations (the programs can be deterministic and assign probability 1).

The "prior likelihood" in Solomonoff Induction is the program's complexity (well, 2^(-Complexity), where the complexity is the length of the shortest representation of that program.

Altogether, the procedure looks like: maintain a belief which is a mixture of all programs consistent with the observations, weighted by their complexity and the likelihood they assign to the data. Of course, this procedure is still limited by the sample/observation space!

That's our best formal theory of induction in a nutshell.
If I were to place you on a team in my company, I'd more likely place you in engineering than marketing :)
$6m is pocket change for such an enterprise, isn't it ?
There's nothing open source about it.

It's a proprietary dump of data you can't replicate or verify.

What were the sources? What datasets it was trained on? What are the training parameters? And so on and so on
I don't like how it is "because we trusted screens"

A physical map that was marked the same way and touted as being up to date would have caused the exact same problem.

At some point things are not going to work and you're going to have rely on human judgement. It sounds like trust was built up enough over time that such reliance was second nature.
An Overview of the Fortran Standard: Fortran 2023 and Beyond [video]
You have proposed state ownership of all successful IP. That is a massive change and yet you have demonstrated zero understanding of the possible costs.

Your claim that removing a profit motivation will increase investment is flat out wrong. Everything else crumbles from there.
I'm not sure I understand the product. It kind of sounds like a zero trust VPN, but you're calling it a domain controller which has a different real world use case--does your product actually function as a Windows DC?

What use case + benefit would folks have using this? Why should they trust you?
My micro-benchmark says it is good for a 15% improvement.

We've had discussions before about the use of `unsafe` in Rust and we have a pretty clear disagreement about how to balance the trade-offs surrounding it. I have zero interest in re-litigating that discussion with you. I also personally find your conversational style condescending, which makes it difficult for me to talk to you.
How dare you imply the origins of my inspiration are not mysterious. Now what am I going to tell the interviewer when they ask "where did you get the inspiration for that?" they always like my non-answers.
Related:

http://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=34165791

"How Southwest Airlines melted down" 283 points on Dec 28, 2022 | 318 comments
Even big customers have a use for what you've built in high security areas they might have. Think swift alliance servers in a specialized network segment in financials, or perhaps sensitive medical information in health care?

I think you should not have any issues integrating with legacy AD, but know bigger enterprises have mostly moved to online IdPs. Integrating with legacy AD will make your product also likely less secure. Maybe not the way to go?
Factorio Automation Mod for AI Agents
We've had a similar debate before, but the last time it about whether Linux device drivers based on non-public datasheets under NDA were actually open source. This debate occurred again over drivers that interact with binary blobs.

I disagree with the purists - if you can legally change the source or weights - even without having access to the data used by the upstream authors - it's open enough for me. YMMV.
There is a market for small businesses who do not want to buy in to the Azure/O365 ecosystem but need a domain controller appliance that is easy to setup and maintain, and will offer VPN connectivity to access central resources.
Hey Trevor, that's a great question!

On a surface level, we're doing a lot of work on UX. We intend the UI to be more presentable and easier to navigate through so that technical users find it easier to use while non-technical users find it more approachable and can more easily find what they're looking for.

In terms of capabilities:

1. We want to merge all data-related features in one place, including BI. That's why you can create and publish dashboards too. It's also why we've been putting a lot of effort into making the no-code visualizations flexible and powerful.

2. You'll eventually be able to connect your own computer to Briefer. That way, you can use your AWS/Azure/GCP credits and your own GPUs if you have already paid for them.

3. There will be a way for you to manage notebooks and dashboards as code if you want to. We love the idea of versioning your notebooks, internal data apps, and dashboards, but we think current tools can't do it well.

There's also a huge change coming up in about 2 months. It'll make it really clear how we're different from Hex, but unfortunately I can't talk about that yet!
> people are just correctly pointing out Rust would have helped this bug

So would a unit test or a fuzzer. But it's obvious this does not solve the actual problem, only a particular instance of it. It should be as obvious that mentioning Rust doesn't too. Kernel module in Rust may not have buffer overflow bugs (even that is not 100% certain, but let's assume for a minute) but it doesn't mean it's safe - or even significantly less unsafe.
$1M in remaining debt, lost his professorship and 2 years of research... I think he deserves punitive damages.
When a CA has an incident, such as learning that one of their domain validation methods is flawed, they need to be able revoke all certificates impacted by the incident. Without a reliable database of certificates, there's no guarantee they'll find all of the impacted certificates. OCSP could fail closed in this situation. CRLs always fail open.

Aside: it was in fact envisioned that OCSP could be used to detect CA compromises, and the BRs used to say "The CA SHOULD monitor the OCSP responder for requests for 'unused' serial numbers as part of its security response procedures." I'm not sure how many CAs actually implemented that, and in any case I don't think it ever detected any compromises.
By that logic all videos would be (at least) 3D. But no one would take you seriously if you said that.
OCSP systems at scale are complex. At the core there is an on-demand or pre-signed OCSP response generation system, then there is usually an internal caching layer (redis or similar), then there is an external CDN layer. Just because the outer layer appears not to know about a certificate (a bug, to be sure), doesn't necessarily mean that other CA systems don't know about it.

Requiring CAs to run OCSP makes running a CA more complex and expensive, which has considerable downsides like it does for any system, particularly as it is a zero sum game. Every dollar or hour of engineering time that Let's Encrypt spends on OCSP (and it is a considerable amount) is a dollar or hour not being spent on other parts of the CA. From the outside that may not be very visible because it's not obvious what isn't getting done instead but there is a real and considerable cost that is not worth it IMO.