skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
I used to joke that if you go to the movies or restaurants etc. you could open pass-through tax LLCs (which are “disregarded entities” at the IRS) and write those off as a business expense, as long as you had a website as a food or movie critic / reviewer, and even had a way to subscribe for some paid memberships (eg Patreon) and also advertising with affiliate sales (eg Amazon) for recipes, movie rentals etc.

You know, running a business kind of like that guy who writes about inside Apple news very rarely but effectively (what’s his name, Gruber? Daring Fireball?)

The business doesn’t actually have to make money in the first few years, as long as you are making bona-fide attempts to grow it. No one requires you to watch every movie or eat every burrito. But who is the government to say you’re not trying to run a business as a food or movie critic?

Much of your personal lifestyle could then be deducted as a business expense on your schedule C, being “necessary and ordinary” for your various LLCs. Perhaps even your travel expenses if you are a travel blogger staying at hotels etc.

But maybe it’s not a joke. Any lawyers or accountants on HN see any problems with this? Again, I’m talking about doing the minimum to make this an actual business — it may become profitable through the monetization but even if it isn’t, that’s 30% additional you’re saving on what would otherwise be your personal entertainment expenses!

The main issue I see is that if your LLC has debts that it defaults on, a court might see you as “commingling” personal funds with the business, even if you keep the accounts separate, and pierce the corporate veil. But, this is a separate issue of limiting liability for debts, which your LLC doesn’t have to even take on. Even if that were the case, from a tax point of view the question is only whether the expenses are necessary for the business, and ordinary, both of which they are.
This is a bit misleading. Quotient and modulo with constant right-hand side is readily optimised into faster operations, like multiplication and bit shifts. "All" optimising compilers do this and don't emit a true divide instruction in such cases. See for instance: https://godbolt.org/z/vxnTPvY6M

Quotient and modulo with a variable RHS is expensive, but this isn't necessary for the algorithm showed in the article. Although I agree that binary wins over decimal anyway. We are using binary computers after all, for the last 50 years or so.
I mean, sure its nice to add a political view around this. but let's be honest. the taxes and cost of living in CA is bananas. TX makes so much more sense fiscally.

Wish X and Tesla were coming to Vegas instead though.
It's incredibly clever for sure but I feel like it's a massive hack for things like the DB obfuscation feature.

If my access is read-only then it's probably fine but if I have write access and I write back a whole row (my DB tool only updates the changes I think but IDK if every tool works that way) isn't it going to write back the "cleaned"/"hidden" data?

Again, it's very impressive and clever but I just worry I'd blow my foot off by accident.
This is something I that’s been living in my head for a few years now—and no, it does not exist yet. I’m also convinced the only way to get it right is to have a single graph, modelling the entire system, and apply filters on the graph to get only the nodes you’re currently interested in, then have different diagrams produced from that as the output. How else would you describe the flow of packages from the internet through the firewall, what the logical network looks like, and which physical location things are located at? These questions all interfere with each other on a conceptual level, yet are all conceivable using different attributes of the same connected graph nodes.

It’s very complex, very interesting, and lots of work.
So basically a “kanban board” with priorities attached to each unit of work. Gotcha
> Dev time is expensive, and there isn't a way to pay for it. Eventually people get tired of working for free and begin to treat life realistically - f#@$ you, pay me. That is the correct and expected outcome.

That must be why there are no successful open source projects in the world and nobody ever works on software for long unless it's for money (https://www.gnu.org/philosophy/fs-motives.html)
Wow I’d be so happy to do this as a full time job!
You clearly missed the paragraph where I very explicitly talked about the time variant differentiable middle ground? That’s surprising, it’s the majority of the content.

Regardless, I’m not talking about functions describing the universal state, I’m talking one layer up from that, those that describe how that state changes, including any instantaneous events. Does the cat instantaneously die at any given second with the same probability, or does something intervene in the one second it does that did not exist in any of the others?
Can you suggest a couple of channels? I've never played RuneScape but those videos sound right up my alley.
Yeah, a true Neapolitan at 900F is out of reach...

Go look for the folks that hack off the safety latch on their self-cleaning ovens. It's kind of nuts.
Palemoon is just a fork of obsolete Firefox which is liable to suffer from vulnerabilities already fixed in Firefox. At this point it lacks support for a vibrant ecosystem of Firefox extensions.

It also lacks the substantial improvements to hardware accelerated decoding on linux within the last year or so and improvements in performance.

It does have a sync backend but inactive account data may be deleted and if the project is shuttered your data is kaput.

It also lacks Android and ios support meaning you lack the virtuos benefits of using the same tech on all platforms like syncing passwords and bookmarks.

They also recently improved integration by allowing you to browse open tabs on synced computers

Firefox in also has in the last while added privacy preserving local translation support and long ago added really good local reader mode.

Also my browsing would be less nice without addons like Sideberry and Tridactyl not to mention colorful via pywal.

Then we get to adblocking an arms race that Palemoon with its several year old (2021)version of uBlock that will never be updated stands to lose.

Also the lack of a mobile version means that your options for adblock on the go are meager unless you either run Firefox Mobile or look into a more complicated option like pihole with its own tradeoffs like not being able to turn it off for a site with a click.

Firefox has been making dumb communication mistakes and been too friendly with partners but it remains in my opinion the best choice. Dumb choices like this can easily be disabled and if that becomes onerous libreWolf unlike Palemoon is just Firefox with different privacy friendly defaults.

That said it also requires more setup as far as addons and sync which is why I prefer to simply configure Firefox.
it does demonstrate lack of fatal flaws i guess? and startups are all about lasting long enough til PMF is found
How to Get Started with GenAI
Maybe not a popular take but This is kind of a victimless crime. They mishandled private data but so did Experian (for example) and she never had a breach! On all the other charges I'd argue the tech companies poor security processes were by design because it generated more revenue.
emoji hand pointing up
Not a single comment in here connecting the fake bullshit detection technology of the previous generation to the present bullshit generation technology (“AI”)? I’m disappointed, y’all.
I am seeing a lot of skepticism on this thread.

While I agree that this approach to learning (with a bot) may not be a good fit for everyone, I am absolutely sure it can be for some.

I don't see the harm in exploring this path.

This is not like education was a solved problem, it is extremely wasteful, inconsistent and costly.

I think there is a path for more projects/interest based, less competitive and more individually tailored learning system when we remove all the constraints attached to a classroom and teachers, many of them being incompetent or miserable.
You’d have to get revenue against it.
Difficulty level?

You can't promise you can beat a game on hard 2x as fast as you can on normal, or 3x as easy.
To standardize to the beginning of the year. Returns do increase a little if the dates are changed to those of June 1974 to June 2024 at 7.48%.
Put much more politely than I would. I'm glad people are starting to question the narrative on this technology.
It supports all of current datacenter GPUs.

If you want to write very efficient CUDA kernel for modern datacenter NVIDIA GPU (read H100), you need to write it with having hardware in mind (and preferably in hands, H100 and RTX 4090 behave very differently in practice). So I don't think the difference between AMD and NVIDIA is as big as everyone perceives.
> Is it guaranteed that an incorrect calling convention will always cause a compiler error?

A standard-conforming C++ compiler must not allow implicit pointer casts, so yes!

> I wasn't aware the calling convention was considered part of the pointer type.

Some well-designed C APIs define a macro for the calling convention that they add to all API functions and function pointer declarations. The user can then use the same macro when supplying their callbacks, which guarantees that the calling conventions match. (On modern platforms, the macro would be typically empty.)

Here's an example: https://github.com/Celemony/ARA_API/blob/1f68fba7a374b14df19.... As you can see, it is part of the function pointer type: https://github.com/Celemony/ARA_API/blob/1f68fba7a374b14df19...

Another famous example is, of course, the WINAPI macro in the Win32 API.

That's also what I tend to do with my own C APIs.

> I guess I had some assumptions about calling conventions that needed to be straightened out

I also learned a few things in this discussion, so thanks for that!
Feral != wild
Yes. However, different protocols can be used for different purposes, but will need to be FOSS as well as not overly complicated specifications.

Some older protocols such as IRC, NNTP, Gopher, and email (especially plain text email and not HTML email), is one thing to be usable.

There are also some newer protocols and file formats for some uses, e.g.: Gemini protocol/file-format, Scorpion protocol/file-format, Spartan protocol (which uses the same file format as Gemini, although with an extra link type), Nightfall Express (probably the simplest one, although this means that virtual hosting will not be avavilable), and perhaps some others.

(One thing I have read somewhere (I cannot find it now) is three rules for making such a "small web" protocol: (1) Don't make it a subset; (2) Don't make it compatible; (3) Make it better for everyone (authors, readers, programmers, etc). They also discussed separation of "document web" from "application web"; I agree with that too, although of course there is the consideration of how such a separation should be working. I have ideas about this, and I believe my own designs do follow these three rules better than Gemini and Spartan do.)

I had written my own list of what "small web" protocols/file-formats that I am aware of: scorpion://zzo38computer.org/smallweb.txt (which was originally posted to Usenet, although it has been updated since then) One way to access this file would be a command such as:

echo 'R scorpion://zzo38computer.org/smallweb.txt' | nc zzo38computer.org 1517 | less

(If you have other mirrors of this document, perhaps with your own changes, you could tell me and I could add it to the list of mirrors.)

Another proposal is the following suggestion to make a "small web browser": gemini://xavi.privatedns.org/small-web-browser.gmi (the document I linked above describes how to access this file in case you don't know) I agree with some of the points made but disagree with others; I will comment about some of these points later. (However, you could use some of these ideas for the HTTP/HTML part of a multi-protocol browser.)
Anyone who hits someone, says truly horrible shit about others, doesn’t do the job at all, constantly distracts others while doing a poor job themselves, blatantly sexually harasses people, et c, is highly likely to get fired from a job, and may go to prison.

The same person as a student, gets tons of chances before maybe having to leave. Depending on what they’re doing, you could just be stuck with them for north of a decade. No escape.

I mean, we can joke about how actually such people still exist at work, but it’s a far less widespread problem and manifests differently.

You can look for other jobs if you want out of a bad work environment. Probably, you’ll be able to find somewhere else to go. Getting out of a bad class is way harder.

There’s a couple huge differences.
So they are bad product managers and customers.

Time until delivery for good managers and customers is a range. Can you estimate getting 10kg of potatoes from grocery store that is 35m driving roundtrip away? Can you say it will be exactly 40mins because you can pick up and pay in 5 mins? I don't, I can say it will take between 40mins and 2h. There are always things like card terminal stops working or you get stuck in traffic because of an accident.

Complexity in that example is uncertainty like I do expect high traffic and there might be an accident happening but if there is less traffic and I hit all green lights 40mins going to be easy.

We all know bad managers and bad customers will expect me to get that bag of potatoes in 37 minutes and then ask 10x why did I not drove over that police officer that was stopping the traffic because of an accident to get their potatoes on time.
The goal is to get closer to what a tutor can do, and it has been proved that tutoring by experts is by far the most efficient education system, the only problem is it does not scale.
This is a problem from a management perspective, not a developer one.

Story points are usable, but they're a "Wild Ass Guess" metric, not a true metric of actual work, and treating them other than a guess is fraught with problems. A 13 point story could fall somewhere between 8 and 21.

Some stories we guessed 8, and ended up being more like 21 (because the dev had to fight unexpected politics, or the API was billed as being "easy to use" but anything but.)

All these are fine and should be fine to developers, except to management.
I think time variability increases with the level of complexity. In this context I see the idea of task complexity being related to uncertainty in the time estimate. This makes it fit nicely with the Fibonacci sequence.
I personally use Lycee AI. It is awesome: https://www.lycee.ai/courses/91b8b189-729a-471a-8ae1-717033c...
When ypu are talking web facing client full scale browser, C++ is impossible to secure as well as a safer language and most safer languages are impossible to optimize as well as C++. So rust is not so much exciting as not horrifying.
Having dabbled in CUDA, but not worked on it professionally, it feels like a lot of the complexity isn't really in CUDA/C++, but in the algorithms you have to come up with to really take advantage of the hardware.

Optimizing something for SIMD execution isn't often straightforward and it isn't something a lot of developers encounter outside a few small areas. There are also a lot of hardware architecture considerations you have to work with (memory transfer speed is a big one) to even come close to saturating the compute units.
Or if you have health problems or want to not have health problems. Restaurant food has 3-5x as much salt as you should be eating.
I moved from Android to Apple for only two reasons:

1. They started using USB Type C.

2. They are the only major manufacturer that appears to actually take privacy seriously. Even their AI endeavours look the most privacy focused that exists.

I'm sure I could go buy some no-name brick and flash my own security focused OS and run my own relays and ... I don't want to do that. I want to buy something that everyone else uses and for it to respect me.

So as much hate as Apple gets, they have my trust in good faith, for now.
> There is evidence that a person’s ability to understand and succeed in algebra is mostly determined by whether or not they can do arithmetic with fractions. Number sense is important in my opinion.

My opinion differs a lot here. I would not say that I have a good number sense (I guess that people who have to do "numeric calculations" or "back-of-the-envelope calculations" as daily part of their job have a much better number sense than me). On the other hand, I find it rather easy to learn really abstract algebraic concepts (think Grothendieck-style algebraic geometry or similarly abstract mathematical topics), which many people (most of them with much better number sense than me) tend to find insanely difficult.
Yes, so when the ground inevitably shifts below their feet (it might happen years from now, but it will happen – open platforms always emerge and eventually proliferate), wouldn’t it be better for them to own that platform?

On the other hand, they could always wait for the most viable threat to emerge and then pay a few billion dollars to acquire it and own its direction. Google didn’t invent Android, after all…

> Google is a multi-sided platform that does lots of things for free for some people… That isn't the chip business whatsoever.

This is a reductionist differentiation that overlooks the similarities between the platforms of “mobile” and “GPU” (and also mischaracterizes the business model of Google, who does in fact make money directly from Android sales, and even moved all the way down the stack to selling hardware). In fact there is even a potentially direct analogy between the two platforms: LLM is the top of the stack with GPU on the bottom, just like Advertising is the top of the stack with Mobile on the bottom.

Yes, Google’s top level money printer is advertising, and everything they do (including Android) is about controlling the maximum number of layers below that money printer. But that doesn’t mean there is no benefit to Nvidia doing the same. They might approach it differently, since they currently own the bottom layer whereas Google started from the top layer. But the end result of controlling the whole stack will lead to the same benefits.

And you even admit in your comment that Nvidia is investing in these higher levels. My argument is that they are jeopardizing the longevity of these high-level investments due to their reluctance to invest in an open platform at the bottom layer (not even the bottom, but one level above their hardware). This will leave them vulnerable to encroachment by a player that comes from a higher level, like OpenAI for example, who gets to define the open platform before Nvidia ever has a chance to own it.
1) With an invariant domain representation, 2) and 3) I am not certain yet, but I will find out.

Although when it comes to signing with a watermark for validity you would not want the id (50 bits) to be preserved or copied. These are separate use cases / applications.
The peripheral support is slowing getting there.
The major issues are the ones you've mentioned (including the inability to use external displays), but I'm seeing more and more upstream commits for the sc8180x by Maximilian - so I'm confident that these issues will be solved relatively soon.

Wi-Fi and BT works btw, which IMHO makes it already usable as a daily driver. Audio works via BT
Show HN: My website that lets you talk to historical characters
Hey guys, I am currently in high school and I wanted some feedback on the website that I built that lets you talk to historical characters and learn that way.
This feels a lot like "Of course they use their hands, they couldn't give you a massage otherwise" but it's in reply to a news article about the person who agreed to being touched being punched.
It's not. The discussion is about behaviour control, which is part of a teacher's job, and not going to be provided through consistent support or multiple learning approaches. It's not about academic learning at all, in fact.
Kaggle is trying too many things at the same time. It's confusing. If you confuse, you lose.
Seems really laggy
I made a mobile app the other day using LLMs (I had never used React or TypeScript before, and I built an app with React Native). I was pretty disappointed, both Sonnet 3.5 and gpt-4-turbo performed pretty poorly, making mistakes like missing a closing bracket somewhere and meaning I had to revert, because I had no idea where they meant to put it.

Also they did the thing that junior developers tend to do, where you have a race condition of some sort, and they just work around it by adding some if checks. The app is at around 400 lines right now, it works but feels pretty brittle. Adding a tiny feature here or there breaks something else, and GPT does the wrong thing half the time.

All in all, I'm not complaining, because I made an app in two days, but it won't replace a developer yet, no matter how much I want it to.
https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=40979974
This is understatement. Inefficiency is certainly a factor in the performance of the amalgamated U.S. health care system. But the fact that it is essentially a multi-tier private system, additional avenues for abuse and corruption are widespread -- particularly when compared against the health care systems of other industrialized countries. The system honestly is only good for the wealthy -- who enjoy 1% preferred treatment, exploit the structure of the system for financial gain, and solidify its presence through aggressive lobbying.
> Much of your personal lifestyle could then be deducted as a business expense on your schedule C, being “necessary and ordinary” for your various LLCs

That's not how it works. You can maybe deduct the price of your movie ticket and mileage to drive to the theater. Anything beyond that and the IRS will be up your ass in an instant.
Not op but one my favorites is: https://www.youtube.com/@Settledrs

Very entertaining to watch and explains things so even non players can understand the sheer absurdity of some of the attempts.
When it comes to AI, self learning is dope, and Lycee AI is a pioneer: https://www.lycee.ai/courses/91b8b189-729a-471a-8ae1-717033c...
Japanese chemistry institute sues CLOCKSS for hosting discontinued journal
Show HN: Magic-cli – A copilot for your command line
Blog post: https://guywaldman.com/posts/introducing-magic-cli
> The customers in this case feared change too much to accept anything that wasn't exactly what it was replacing.

Now, the interesting question is, who gave the pushback. Particularly in government, change in the "status quo" is feared because it would force the really old ones to deviate from a routine they have been living for decades - they'd have to basically re-learn their jobs, all for a few years before retirement. Others don't want any kind of improvement because then the young people, used to modern technology, would go and run circles around them regarding productivity, which would impact the "oldtimer" careers negatively.

And in some rare high-stakes cases, the system is mission critical and any kind of deviation from the previous way of working can literally send people to prison or cause massive monetary damage. Here, everyone wants to keep the status quo in order to not awaken the beast, and the incentive grows really powerful when it's some old mainframe system with tons of undocumented implicit assumptions and edge case covers.

Government work in my experience is a whole bunch of negative incentives from all levels thrown into a blender.