skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Because you don't want a direct photo of a top-secret document laying around, they cover it and document it as such.

(There were even so many to cover they had to make extras, which because they were hand-made, didn't get removed as is apparently the norm during processing.)

> “The investigative team used classified cover sheets for that purpose, until the FBI ran out because there were so many classified documents, at which point the team began using blank sheets with handwritten notes indicating the classification level of the document(s) seized,” the prosecutors wrote.

> “Any handwritten sheets that currently remain in the boxes do not represent additional classified documents — they were just not removed when the classified cover sheets with the index code were added,” Smith’s team wrote. “In many but not all instances, the FBI was able to determine which document with classification markings corresponded to a particular placeholder sheet.”

Your article does not assert what you claim.
Perhaps we should ban drills and other tools because the State will provide everything.
The "served as web pages" is a bit misleading. It just means that the UI layout engine takes HTML or XML, not that information is passed through a web server.
How insecure is Avast Secure Browser?
Public domain, or WTFPL. Clone, mutate, multiply. See you in a few years when your slime-mould offspring have become the dominant species on the planet.

> Commit 2956452 - Jul 15, 2024. feat: upload personal source code (3 billion years in the making)

- add genome.txt: The ultimate spaghetti code

- include README.md: User manual for this meat computer

- WARNING: Compiling may result in a mini-me. Proceed with caution!

https://github.com/0x77dev/dna/commit/2956452c05731bc09c7396...
>you are generating data to train their AI

That's why I seriously recommend everyone everywhere regularly replace their blinker fluid and such.
How do they verify that because even if it’s as simple as addition, you may have hardware anomalies that appears, just look at divisions and floating points weirdness on certain hardware
Study:

https://www.ghadvances.org/article/S2772-5723(24)00055-4/ful...

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gastha.2024.04.005
seems like you wouldn't have to squint at all, the shapes are a better match than for ErrOr
If pi eventually starts behaving deterministically we'll know we've exhausted /dev/random.
Germany might be a counter-example. Cost of living has steadily risen 2008-2021 (and dropped a bit since then), but Germany's birth rate has increased over that period, while birth rates in France and the US have fallen. Germany's birth rate is generally slowly rising ever since a low in 1995.

If you zoom out a bit more Germany's birth rate cratered in the 1960s/70s, generally attributed to the wider availability of oral contraceptives. Similarly in its peers. Though that's only the enabling technology, the lower desire for babies is almost certainly driven by other factors (urbanization, better health care, etc)
I just hope Epic someday puts a text scripting language in the Unreal Engine.
You really think creating a country and creating software that respects your privacy are equally difficult?
> The Planck length has no physical significance
> There is no evidence to suggest that space is discrete at that scale

Bekenstein bound and "planckian discreteness".

Reality is most likely not composed of a regular tesselation of simple geometric shapes such as a cartesian voxel grid as that would introduce massive anisotropy. But, there is still theoretic evidence suggesting that spacetime is indeed discrete at the lowest level.
What do you find challenging in the current version? We can target these parts with difficulty levels
So living in fear.
The email threads which led to JavaScript modules (2009)
I was part of this discussion in 2009-2012, and was curious if it was still out there. It is!

It's fascinating to take dig stuff up like this and replay it, knowing what we know now.

Of course, everyone is using the new ES modules spec now, but it's hard to imagine how we would have got there without working through the ideas which led to CommonJS.

This started before Node.js, when we were playing around with the Narwhal runtime.

One really interesting concept which never got traction was creating a standard library for JavaScript.
Calling C from Rust can be quite simple. You just declare the external function and call it. For example, straight out of the Rust book https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch19-01-unsafe-rust.html#usin... :

extern "C" {
fn abs(input: i32) -> i32;
}

fn main() {
unsafe {
println!("Absolute value of -3 according to C: {}", abs(-3));
}
}

Now, if you have a complex library and don't want to write all of the declarations by hand, you can use a tool like bindgen to automatically generate those extern declarations from a C header file: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust-bindgen

There's an argument to be made that something like bindgen could be included in Rust, not requiring a third party dependency and setting up build.rs to invoke it, but that's not really the issue at hand in this article.

The issue is not the low-level bindings, but higher level wrappers that are more idiomatic in Rust. There's no way you're going to be able to have a general tool that can automatically do that from arbitrary C code.
Nah, observable universe is only 93B light years in "diameter" at the current "moment"
I do like this one. Related, I also like the series a few years later with Calvin and Susie haggling over how much it'd cost for him to eat a worm.

But these are personal preferences, not a list of an objective "best" comics. For example, a lot of folks really love the artwork of the dinosaurs, or space, or a lot of the other scenes that Watterson draws. They like being drawn into Calvin's imaginative world, and I totally understand that. But for me the "daydream" comics don't make it onto my list, and that's not to say they aren't great.
No, not really. If you compare proceedings of even the earliest AI and CS conferences it is clearly not the case.
> Biden who believes he's above the law. He has consistently bragged about it, for example, in flouting decisions saying he has no authority to forgive student loans.

Cool, then ding him. Presidential authority is absolutely uncomfortably vague. But this expands it; Cannon is saying, in essence, a prosecutor who the President can order around should be bringing this case.

Right now, Biden is above the law. He could declare martial law in D.C., field promote his son and then—as commander in chief—order him to execute the conservative members of the Supreme Court, pardon his son, pardon himself, resign and—under current law—be absolutely immune. Under current law, the President is more powerful than Rome’s consuls ever were [1].

[1] https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Senatus_consultum_ultimum
Does pi contain pi?
TBH I think Blueprints gets used because it is forced upon the UE developers.
I’m a little late to the conversation, but I’m using the Elixir version of TypeID[0] in my project. While the repo linked to above doesn’t provide any guidance on storing the TypeIDs, the Elixir version does this really well. You store the prefix in the your schema (model) code, but the underlying database column is simply a UUIDv7.

So when you call the new function, it will generate a UUIDv7, base32 encode it, and then prepend the prefix. Then at the database layer it will translate that to a UUIDv7 for storing and translate back to the string version when loading.

[0] https://github.com/sloanelybutsurely/typeid-elixir
If you are a GS-5 (typical entry level government roles, 5 rungs up from the actual bottom of the pay scale, since it's literally impossible to get applicants for a GS-1 role if you tried) and support a family of four you are currently at 2023 rates within 3 digits of income from the poverty line.

If we push it lower how are we not expecting that to require poverty? What legion of people in the US do you reckon even have "their own dimes" to spend on being full time volunteer public servants and can afford to serve from a sense of duty? Retirees?
That's not a debate I will take, as clearly the US is richer than the EU.

However... richer != better. In a similar way that a billionaire is certainly richer than half the country, but that doesn't mean its the direction we _want_.
"Their theory also suggests this is why there are many asteroid craters less than 700 million years old and only two that are dated older than that."

That makes sense. Also all the meteroids get washed away regularly.
I'm a graybeard, so my opinion may or may not have any resonance with the younger crowd. But I'll say this much:

I largely dropped out of and stopped participating with the OSS community years ago. I haven't stopped producing open source (in the generic sense) software and my belief that it's critically important remains undiminished.

But the community as a whole became rather unpleasant for me and so I disengaged. It internalized too much of the mindset and attitudes that plague SV.
huh i did not know this!

fair enough.

with that said, it doesn't really negate that:

The investigative team used classified cover sheets for that purpose, until the FBI ran out because there were so many classified documents, at which point the team began using blank sheets with handwritten notes indicating the classification level of the document(s) seized,” the prosecutors wrote.

it seems these cover sheets were used to cover the _actual_ classified information so that the photographs were not leaking info.

are you suggesting that since the FBI covered the actual classified docs at Mar-a-Lago with coversheets that should have negated the entire thing?

i suppose it is a moot point now anyway.
Dawn of the Distributed Age
Nice app.

Your explainer video is very well produced but it spends way too much time setting up a problem the viewer already understands. Half your video says nothing about your product. Ditch the cuteness, condense the setup down to 10 seconds, and get right to showing the product. It'll convert better because you're not wasting the viewer's time and memory with irrelevancies.
It's currently for English speakers trying to learn other languages. We'll probably add English as a target language at some point.
The Project Gutenberg license is longer than the actual story.
Indeed, thanks for the correction! However, it would probably be enough for any simulation to be good enough.
These simulators are fantastic, but I have yet to see a simulator that incorporates the interactions between pilots and air traffic control. One of the most difficult parts of being a pilot is applying decision making and problem-solving skills in a high-stakes environment. For pilots, a sizeable amount of safety discussions center around crew resource management because the human element of aviation can be just as challenging as dealing with bad weather or mechanical malfunctions.

Perhaps the integration of LLMs could help bolster the realism for simulators, allowing pilots to practice CRM. An LLM could also be used to simulate a co-pilot or flight attendant. Interesting.
> Are we seriously saying that in the 1800s those poor desperate people who had 12 kids and put most of them (the ones that even survived!)

This is the origin story of the contraceptive movement: either your population growth rate is contraception-limited, or it's death-limited. The latter is pretty horrific.

> If it really was about cost, we'd be seeing the upper middle class having children by the ton

The cost issue is even worse for everyone who isn't a rentier, because children need time, and the opportunity cost of that is higher the more you could be earning otherwise.

(hmm: "7 points by pjc50 18 minutes ago [flagged]" I see it's going to be one of those days)
I wonder the sweet point between BP and C++. One of my friends is making a commercial indie game in UE and he is doing everything in BP because he is an artist, so C++ is particularly daunting for him. He did complain about the spaghettis hell he eventually came upon, without anyway to solve it, but from the number of wishlistings (targeting 10K), I'd say it is probably going to be a successful game, judging by first indie game standard.
Of course I don't think guns are the only thing that can make someone a victim, but I don't think gun culture is helping anyone from being a victim. If you live your whole life afraid of being a victim of violent crime you are a victim whether or not anyone ever attacks you. That is a sad existence and it exists purely because of your fear based culture.

No, it won't be successful because America has shown time and time again it would rather watch classrooms of children be murdered than give up their guns. You'd rather have to think about mass shootings every time you go to the mall or church than give up any freedoms around your guns. You don't get over that kind of fear in a generation or two.
So, paraphrasing:

Any sufficiently complicated Ruby program contains an ad hoc, informally-specified, bug-ridden, slow implementation of half of Java
> Seriously, what percentage of people in OECD can do this?

Far more than those that actually do.
No, the important part of your claim is "It was regular papers before".

The TOP SECRET cover sheets cover TOP SECRET classified information, not "regular papers".

They were "super illegal" with or without the cover sheets.
Isnt women's share of child rearing at an all-time low in most of the western world? I cant help but wonder if the causality runs the other direction.
That is to say, as motherhood becomes less central to the concept of womanhood, fewer women build self models that include it.

That said, I think a more influential cause than either factor is the increasing risk aversion and increasing expectations across the board, and especially when it comes to partnering, life choices, and having kids. Simply put, people arent taking as many risks, and marriage and children are increasingly viewed as risks.
Wilson's absence at the league of nations led to the punitive Treaty of Versailles.

As for Trump he does the Gish Gallop, spewing lies so fast you can't argue with him in good faith. He doesn't believe in democracy, and should have never been let near power, ever.
javascript: (() => { const id = window.location.href.match(/\d+$/g)[0]; window.open(`https://hn.algolia.com/?dateRange=all&page=0&prefix=false&query=story:${id}&sort=byDate&type=comment`)%20%20%20})();

bookmarklet shows you the latest story comments and you can usually tell where they belong or dig in to find out eg:

https://hn.algolia.com/?dateRange=all&page=0&prefix=false&qu...

reddit style comment threads: https://hacker-read-it.netlify.app/item/40965892

there is also chan style: https://hnchan.netlify.app/thread/40937119

cleaner hackerdaily tree style: https://hackerdaily.io/40955693/comments

flat style:
https://ditzes.com/item/40937119

There is also one I cannot find at the moment which let you click and open each comment thread in the right side of screen, that was very good.
edit: found it: https://hzn.jero.zone
> Almeida put up a slide with the equivalent of iget_locked() in Rust, which was called get_or_create_inode().

Seems like the answer is that it's reimplementing and doesn't use the same names.
It's bad wording. Not largest in magnitude, actually rather the factor of the smallest power of ten in the
Digital expansion of the number

Or, "rightmost known digit of pi after the decimal"
The problem is that security making things difficult results in employees resorting to workarounds like running rogue webservers to get their jobs done.

If IT security's KPIs are only things like "number of breaches" without any KPIs like "employee satisfaction", security will deteriorate.
Uh this looks a bit too egregious of an attempt at misrepresentation, or deception.

This is not research originating from a UC Berkeley graduate, just like Lex Fridman (real name Alexei Alexandrowitsch Fedotow) is not an MIT lecturer, was not a MIT student, but is actually from Drexel U but likes to fraudulently misrepresent himself as an MIT graduate lecturer in his profile descriptions.

This AO Labs guy is not a real lab but a lone foreign guy who applied to a small grant from UC Berkeley, which gave him the one-time small grant that expired a long time ago and they have rejected him for grant renewal. Therefore a reject.

His AO Labs does not have a community of 160+ researchers from Berkeley NYU Google, or you have to wonder how incompetent are the "160" that none of them can even make a functioning simple FAQ web page.

Interesting note from lakrikor1 from the other comment.

You can also look up his videos, which are long but manage to say nothing of substance. A lot of spoken nonsense that shows his lack of understanding on how animals and organisms actually think.
Advocating a new global constructed language to accomodate C's shortcomings seems like the wrong direction to be thinking.
steady on. you said

> It was regular papers before and made to look super illegal in the photo

it was "regular papers before" does not match with the evidence regarding the large amount of classified documents found, that had to be covered with coversheets so that classified information would not be leaked.
> Is the ruling that special counsels violate the Constitution, or just that this one did?

The Ethics in Government Act did expire in 1999 [1]. But I’d think that just means Smith reports to Garland and Biden, versus having the autonomy he had before.

[1] https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethics_in_Government_Act
In unindustrialized agriculture having a lot of children is a sound strategy. The first couple years they cost you food and time, but after that they are cheaper than employing workers, and they will even take care of you when you are too old to work the fields.

And without modern healthcare a lot of them will die. If you want to make sure one of them inherits the farm (and provides for you if you manage to become old) you need to have enough children to achieve this at an acceptable level of risk.
Heisenberg, not Heisenburg.
Thanks, the hallucinations of AI can be a feature here as they could add a fun twist to the conversation
Depends. Is he white and straight?
Past comments: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=28068725
I'm a complete Rust neophyte. I don't know any of the practices for writing portable Rust code. I'm at the point w/ Rust where I'm just acting like a cargo cult script kiddie (typing commands and hoping they work).

Doing a 'cargo build' on Windows 10 x64 running Rust 1.79 x86_64-pc-windows-msvc gives me an error "error[E0433]: failed to resolve: could not find `unix` in `os`" referencing "server\src\infra\configuration.rs:239:22". That, in turn, causes compilaton of line 240 to bomb out.

So, in true skiddie mode, I just commented out lines 239 - 242. Then it builds and runs fine.

Edit: I'll log an issue on Github, too.
A C variant that e.g. defined OOB access to segfault (or panic in this case) would be strictly safer while being fully compatible with all valid C code. Not that I'm advocating for such a C variant but your snide retort is simply wrong: there is plenty of room for making C safer without reinventing the wheel.
I would add (4) (Related to your 2)

OSS projects are probably getting bigger on average. Corporate-sponsored projects that tackle complex problems, as with a lot of current data science and AI, means that one-man projects are almost impossible to get off the ground. One-man projects have to be very lucky - get the right idea, the right time, and by a person who can do it (capability, time, personality)
That's really weird. Do those contracts mean that you are prohibited from contributing in your role in the company, or prohibited in your private life?

I've found the former to be reasonably common (and I don't object to that).

I've not encountered the latter at all, but then I also always make sure to negotiate away all the clauses that give my employer any claim over work I do on my own time with my own resources, or the ability to prohibit me from engaging in development on my own.
Thanks! I'm trying my hand on the 2d game engine myself. But I do hope I'm debt free so I can dive into other deep topics too.
> It's also pretty telling that every article that tries to explain how to safely copy or concat strings in C, like this one, only ever works with ASCII, no attempt whatsoever to handle UTF-8 and keep code points together, let alone grapheme clusters.

Can you expand on this? Why does it matter to keep code points and grapheme clusters together in the case of truncation? If you’re already truncating the string, then you can just copy as many bytes as possible. Then, later when you interpret that string, you’ll hit a malformed codepoint and ignore it. I guess what you might be getting at is that if you have a codepoint sequence, then you shouldn’t copy the bytes if they can’t all fit in the truncated string?

I feel like this is an edge case and not “the reason almost all C software has problems with non-English strings”. 99% of the time, copying up until the null byte is fine, whether or not the string is UTF-8 or ASCII. The reason most C software doesn’t work with non-English strings is because the developer never added support. The bytes are still there, they just need to be interpreted correctly in the UI portions of the code.
Now Back to Our Regularly Scheduled Programming Language
Yes - Rust has pretty slow compile times. It is perhaps my biggest gripe with it.

You might define java as having a robust type system, but I would rate Rust's as significantly better. Several things in Rust I miss when working in Java:

* Monomorphized types

* Sum type and product types. Think sealed classes in java, but with better ergonomics

* A really clever type system that prevents things like ConcurrentModificationException and data races (not dead-locks or race conditions generally though).

Though, IIUC, Rust made early decisions about module structure that have really hindered compile speed, not necessarily tied to the type system.

Another big factor that makes rust slow would be optimizations & slow system linkers; it doesn't have a JVM that can warm up to optimize stuff.

Source: work with both Rust and Java on a daily basis.

Edit: The way the type system works out in general makes me far less worried about making sweeping changes in a Rust codebase than in a Java codebase, but there are still logic bugs that I miss occasionally. Still, it moves quite a big bug finding from "run the program and see" to "make it pass typechecking", which is quite a bit faster than compiling; you can typecheck Rust without compiling it.
Discrete spacetime does not necessitate a regular and nicely ordered tesselation, it could be pure chaos or be non-geometric.

Before we thought that energy, mass and matter were completely continuous and that turned out to be wrong.
The Case of Father Jim Sichko
You'll have a 3-day trial after the registration. No card is required.
Sure, but you can spend 10B a year for a thousand years and you still won't be anywhere even approaching 10T in today money. We could just do both and it would cost the same, for all practical purposes.

In any case, if those power plants have a great ROI, they will get built very quickly without having to be publicly subsidized.