skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
> If you still think it shouldn't count, then what's the rationale that sets it apart?

There's no discrimination involved. "Rich people pay more" is a pricing difference based on the identity of the customer. "Buy 300, get 100 free" is open to anyone.

Take the textbook example of what makes price discrimination difficult: the ability of rich people to use purchasing agents. At Bakery "Soak The Rich", that would be a desirable approach - you ask someone to buy your bread for you, they pay a low price, and then they turn the bread over to you.

At Bakery "Ask About Our Bulk Discounts", that approach would make no sense.

The other notable thing about bulk discounts is that they represent charging lower prices to customers with higher willingness to pay.

> It is literally a textbook example of price discrimination

I've confirmed that you're right about this. But the economics of bulk discounts are radically different from other forms of price discrimination, so all I can really say here is that they should be treated separately.

Principles of Economics says that "Quantity discounts are
often a successful way to price discriminate because customers' willingness to pay
for an additional unit declines as they buy more units", but this analysis has some flaws, most notably that bulk discounts do not take any account of how many units a customer already owns.

The book also notes that price discrimination cannot exist in a competitive market, which conflicts with the idea that bulk discounts are an example of price discrimination. This is because of the logistical differences you mention - while they don't necessarily exist everywhere, they do exist in most transactions (including with digital goods, where payment processing fees mean that selling 1 item 100 times is far more expensive than selling 100 items at once), and they can easily sustain bulk discounts in a competitive market.

> Even from a cynical perspective, that is incomplete, since it doesn't capture another purpose--which you mentioned in passing--of "better a little profit than no profit", where a lower price is offered to permit trades that would otherwise not occur.

But it's not incomplete. As I mentioned above, the lower price is still intended to allow for zero consumer surplus. The trade that occurs under the system of price discrimination, when it wouldn't have occurred without it, benefits the customer to only a negligible degree, and this is by design.
Thanks! Added to reading list.
Eight Years of GraphQL
Wi-Fi is nowhere near the effective resolution (forget the 6cm wavelength) you need and it's subject to all sorts of electro-magnetic artefacts. Stud finders.
Now, if they could do something about the ancient texture editor that's essentially the same since v1.
TNEF is a container/encapsulation format rather than a markup language. It can contain HTML as well as RTF and plain text.

Granted HTML rendering of email is full of quirks in Outlook
Me too (and yes, I'm old)
It is interesting that you cofounded two points from my point to assume that I meant the top 5% of earners in the US. No, I have see personal finance Q&A from all income levels where people have out of control spending. I think this is the norm in the US.
I think a good place to start is “anyone in the world who wants to learn and is hindered by their school and teachers”. Not “this must work in every American school from the start”.

A smart kid with a phone in Kenya should be able to have a shot. Wikipedia allows this. Khan Academy helps. This in the extreme is Khan Academy but potentially for every course a kid (or adult) could want, generated on demand from scratch if need be.

The next optimal study session generated for your current state of knowledge, energy level, learning goals, by the teaching agent who is provably the best at delivering that lesson for you, using the optimal mediums for your context. Video at home or in a class, audio when on a bus, printouts if you want. Add in spaced repetition and a few fun quizzes, gamify it. Let each person fulfil their potential unhindered by the resources of their school, parents or country.
Nerfstudio dev here! We have a splatfacto method in nerfstudio that provides a similar interface to our nerf methods.
> To do anything resembling terraforming, you'd need a whole lot more atmosphere.

Perhaps not that much. Apparently plants fare much better than animals in low pressure, withstanding down to 10kPa atmospheric pressure. See https://ntrs.nasa.gov/api/citations/20050182975/downloads/20...

IIRC, there is a rule of thumb the atmospheric pressure drops by about 10% every 1100m one goes up close to earth surface. 10kPa would then be the pressure on top of a mountain rising ~24km above sea level.

But I bet the moss wouldn't fare well in perchlorate soaked soil anyway.
The conversion from emoticons to wingding J's occurred at the server level. I've sent emails in Mutt through an exchange server that, when quoted back to me, had the ASCII smileys converted to J's.

Exchange converts all emails that go through it to HTML; it's wrapping the J in <font> tags to select Wingdings. Some Exchange installations do not provide plain-text copies of emails sent through them.
People take these kinds of things way too literally. There is no golden solution here. What gets repeated over and over continues to be true: teams should choose a system that works for them. And ideally that system is measurable, so the team can evaluate progress, improve its own performance, and align itself better with other teams and the business.

But in terms of scrum and points here's my take:

I've seen points work on some teams and not work so well on other teams. It's imperfect, but if you just accept that, you can make it work quite well.

The reason it's helpful to estimate complexity as opposed to time is that people with different experience levels would give different estimates based on their abilities. Complexity allows you to rally around a common understanding of a solution regardless of how fast one team member might be able to complete it versus another.

Does complexity have some relationship to time? Absolutely. Everybody knows this. That doesn't mean that we should be using time instead.

So how can a team estimate accurately? You will hear from some people that their estimates were wildly off or that it's impossible to estimate a project or they felt pressure to under-estimate. If your estimate is too broad, you need to do the mental work of breaking it down into smaller chunks that are easier to estimate. If you feel under pressure to ship on an unrealistic schedule, that's not a points/scrum problem. But the "it's done when it's done" is also not realistic either.

The idea that the estimate has to be 100% spot on is also not true. Again, it's imperfect and that is ok. But you'll find that the better a team knows their codebase and knows the product, the better they'll get over time at estimating. But if the work is too vague, the team should push back until they have enough information to more accurately break things down. This process makes for better software, especially when the team does it together.

Another missing aspect I see a lot is having a feedback mechanism. If you as a team are discussing why a task took longer than the estimate, or track metrics over time, you can all get together and figure out where problems on the team are. For example: maybe there are too many bugs that are hindering product work? Why? Maybe you're moving too fast vis-a-vis the expected quality bar. Some sort of feedback mechanism (e.g. retros) is crucial - the team as a whole should aim to deliver what it says it would and understand why it couldn't.

The whole point of these things is that as a team you can deliver consistently not more speedily. Consistency comes before speed. The other important thing is having a way to continually improve. You want to use each sprint as a way to measure the team so it can get better.

When I've seen teams that did this well, they were dramatically more productive than the teams that didn't do it well.
Thanks for your correction
Thanks. I appreciate the thoughtful response, especially as so many others are also clamouring for comments regarding their specific cases.
Kindly keep the conspiracies in Reddit, at least until /dang lets everyone have a downvote button.
Thanks for sharing this, happy to answer any questions.
I hope it helps because right now copilot is really not good at Excel.
Zoho Mail is stable and good option to try
Huh. It looks goofy but it would sidestep the overloaded mm problem.
> The difficulty with Shakespeare isn't that it's in Elizabethan English, but that it's in poetry. The Russians and French have strong poetic cultures.

This is wrong; everyone loves poetry. We have plenty of major cultural productions mostly or entirely written in poetry; Jesus Christ Superstar isn't losing any audience members because of the fact that it doesn't use any prose.

> It's contemporaneous with the King James Bible, which is still widely read, without translation.

And this is wrong too; the King James Bible is widely read with the benefit of translation.
Yes it's hosted in the EU. Sorry about your slow upload speeds. I'm in Canada on the east coast and it's still decently fast for me. Although, the uploader can be optimized further (using multiple threads for each file rather than single thread per file), so they may or may not improve after that.

In the (possibly near) future, I do plan on scaling to the NA to give us better latency.
Prediction: the best AI teacher (or just teacher in general) will be the one that is able to emotionally read and guide/manipulate the student towards learning and self improvement.

If such an AI teacher style becomes widespread, this means that they have the potential to replace the parental relationship (in the same manner AI girlfriend/boyfriends threaten romantic relationships).

I see people talk about the dangers of the AI girlfriend/boyfriend, but not the dangers of introducing AI teachers to (especially young) kids. Nominal adults are already being affected by this (see Replika and company) and they are not even the "best".

If I wear my cynical hat for a second, I'm willing to bet that this parental replacement is a certainty, as an extension of the "screen" parenting that already exists. But this time, it might actually be helpful for the child so it will be socially acceptable and encouraged.
So does Bitcoin. These two companies provide exponentially more value per unit of electrical input
Being a doctor in Japan has too many requirements and has a strong network tied to schools with the "good old boys".

If they have English skills, many aim for America and other Anglophone nations. But ironically, the American Medical Association pushed for caps on schools and residencies like their Korean counterparts and it was rather humorous seeing trainee doctors complaining about this.
They often don't have the same opportunity but I'm glad we as grown adults are sitting here and judging a child on their dedication to academic rigor.
I don't know what point you're trying to make here, I'm sure if you translate and reverse translate a phrase in enough languages you can get some sort of synonym back.

You think 'Lauren Smiley' doesn't speak english and auto translated this article?
What's the point if it only works in a tiny walled garden?

I get Apple cares about privacy but the world is a lot bigger than Apple and when I still used their stuff I kept running into that fact.
Realising the promise of AI, freeing teachers from the drudgery of 'boring work' so they can take on a second job as a food-server, burger-flipper, shelf-stacker or Uber driver (at least until robotics and self-driving tech eliminate those jobs too).
Dense Vector and Sparse Vector and Fulltext and Tensor Reranker = Best for RAG?
$ man mr
MR(1)

NAME
mr, relink - restore directory entries

$ mr -fr / # restore a filesystem root after deleting it (recursively, forced restore)
16th Century Bookwheels, the E-Readers of the Renaissance
1. I mean axioms we take as fact when establishing a world view.

2. It can’t be proven that they are time invariant, that’s what you take on belief.

3. That’s not what I’m referring to. I’m referring to the laws themselves suddenly changing, not the state of a given particle suddenly changing.

If you don’t understand point 3 there’s not much more to say. If you did you’d understand a lot of the other things you don’t at the moment, for instance what it might mean for a function to be differentiable but not constant. Contrast G changing over spacetime as can be described by a differentiable function vs a constant vs stepwise at the will of the creator.
This was a good feature. Thankfully it still exists in iOS. Just requires approval.
Story points seem to be a reaction to a process that doesn’t include the proper amount of time needed to actually make a proper estimate. They seem designed to obscure how long something will take to accomplish. I think people like this because estimating is really hard and obscuring is seen as the solution.

The alternative approach is to do more detailed estimates. In addition to any design work this can require time boxing a “spike” to better understand things. This approach works well for estimating but leaves the sprint uncommitted until the spikes are complete.
This was my club in university: https://daviswiki.org/Students_for_an_Orwellian_Society

I think that 20 years later it is much harder make effective satire, so I rarely do it now. More extreme positions are taken pretty regularly by folks online, so even people like you in my target audience are never sure if something is satirical or just extreme.
> Reading Shakespeare is like that, just… less so. Grammar, vocabulary, and idioms are all familiar enough that you can understand their meaning with just some helpful glosses

I found a version of the Canterbury Tales online that footnoted the lines. No one is going to pretend that Chaucer is comprehensible to modern speakers. But it was very charming to see that it wasn't necessary to indicate which words the footnotes for a line applied to. Enough of the line is obvious that it's clear what difficulty the footnote is helping you with as it explains the meaning of a word.

That wouldn't work in a more foreign text.
that really is the truth behind storypoints, somebody wants a way to create pressure. Which is also why storypoints are so bad because now you are pressuring everybody, even the good workers, despite only wanting pressure on a couple people. And on top of that you are wasting the time of the good workers with the whole story point estimation dance.
Alternative interpretation is that he knew it was wrong but stayed with the company anyway. That would also be concerning.
difficult to see whos involved, unless you look at PR's

https://github.com/eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee/eeeeeeee...
Well Brexit put the economy so far down the can that any growth quickly does double digit numbers obviously :)

And now Starmer wants to renegotiate again. Cue another 4 years of crying in the media about unfair treatment that was previously agreed to. The best thing about Brexit was not ever having to hear about it anymore.

Ps I don't blame the UK public but it's clear to me they've totally been played by the Tories in an all or nothing bid to keep their tax havens out of the EU. All the promises were total lies. Like the infamous NHS bus that was quickly scuttled after the vote. And they knew the exit deal they wanted was completely impossible under the EU constitution.

And I don't think we should renegotiate deals again unless the UK wants to come back (under the same conditions as all other members of course). We have enough headaches right now unfortunately.
Risotto in Italian cooking definitely uses buttoer. But, I already know what your reply will be: "Oh, that's Northern Italian cooking -- it doesn't count." Most normie readers don't care about that distinction.

Japanese izakayas frequently sell grilled items wrapped in foil that is swimming in butter. Again, I assume you will reply: "Oh, but that's not traditional Japanese cooking -- it doesn't count." Again, most normie readers don't care about that distinction.
There are many studies that have identified barriers that causes gender segregation. The most interesting aspect that I find in those studies is that the barriers are similar for both male and female dominated industries.

The biggest barrier of them all for both men and women is that young adults will look to similar aged and gendered peers when choosing career paths. Such choices generally provide a feeling of safety which provide protection against setbacks and doubt (something most student and later professionals generally face multiple times at some point in their life). This concept is a major aspect of gender equality paradox, which predict higher rate of gender segregation with fewer barriers.

The most effective way to get rid of those barriers is to create alternative forms of protection that give similar effects. Mentorship programs has shown to be very effective substitute for both women and men, but they are costly and do not fix the initial problem when young adults chooses career paths.

Sweden has public data on gender segregation, and they provide an additional risk factor of gender segregation. Career paths that has natural points for segregation has generally higher rate of gender segregation. Examples of those are teachers who can first segregate on age/educational level, and then further segregate on subject. An other is nurse, doctors and other health care specialists, who can later segregate further based on specialty. Give people multiple chances to self-segregate based on identity and they will do so.
Woops, fixed the original reply. Thanks.
I guess I'm excited that I got all this traction from HN ;)
Fixing the machine at the factory can be quite complex, but you might have a technician in and out in a day or two to get it done.

Assembling 5,000 identical widgets is not complex, but it might takes you weeks or months.

Complexity and wall time occasionally move the same way on the graph (generally with wall time climbing much faster than our view of complexity), but they’re not necessarily or always so.

I tend to explain “complexity” more in terms of “at what skill level of employee would we stop seeing substantial gains in quality/speed/maintainability/etc when we assign this work out”.

Something that a senior could do substantially better/faster than an intermediate is “high” complexity. Something that the intermediate could do substantially better/faster than the junior is “medium” complexity.

Adding some fields to a form is low complexity—an intermediate or senior won’t do a substantially different job than the junior—but doing 10 fields versus 100 fields will change the amount of time it takes quite a bit. Architecting a new service will see gains to senior and beyond and is high complexity but may not actually take all that long.

Ultimately, this boils down to “how many decisions remain to be made”. Most tasks can be made lower complexity by making those decisions in detail. “Rearchitect this module” becomes medium complexity when someone turns that into “rearchitect this module following X pattern” and low when someone turns it into “move methods A, B, C into new class X and split method D into E and F along this line”.

This view of complexity doesn’t directly drive wall time, but _does_ very directly impact the variability of that estimate. The more decisions remaining and the more unknowns up front, the wider the range of possible outcomes. Reducing the complexity will reduce the range of estimates.
I don't unless I'm traveling but eating a couple modestly portioned meals a week which, yes, you can do in the US, is healthy enough as part of a basket of options. And often better than whipping up a lot of things you can make with 15 minutes of effort from the grocery store.
I can't find a way around the paywall :(
> Lighting is built on Bitcoin

So, your 1% figure was Bitcoin in general, not Lightning, and you intentionally used the wrong value to be misleading.

> Using Lightning encourages Bitcoin, and in fact requires doing transactions on the base Bitcoin chain

...which is irrelevant to the fact that you intentionally used extremely misleading language in order to deceive readers into thinking that the same technology that powers L402 consumes 0.5% of the world's energy.

> In fact, if Lightning-based Web micropayments caught on, it would drive the base transaction volume over the hard cap that's imposed by the current Bitcoin protocol.

What does "caught on" mean? Show us the math, because you clearly can't be trusted to be truthful.

> And it turns out that Bitcoin's energy usage responds not to the transaction volume, but to the total available miner income: transaction fees plus total block rewards. Rewards still dominate. Driving the transaction volume up is at best not going to reduce them, but the bigger issue is giving the Bitcoin chain a reason to exist.

I don't see any problems with any of this.
Has anyone actually seen this feature in action? Looking at packet traces, I can't seem to get it to work. I'm still seeing DNS queries and HTTP in the clear.

(I don't use iCloud Private Relay.)
If you think EAs are simple calendar monkeys, that's a bit out of touch.

And Outlook has done this for a couple of years, now. No AI required.
I hear this "cheap oil" thing a lot in food pseudo-science Internet writing. What exactly is "cheap oil"? And, is there any peer reviewed evidence for your claims about how you feel after eating "cheap oil"? If this effect is so drastic, then, surely, it must affect others, and would be an interesting and worthy research topic.
the EU is much more aggressive at banning and censoring websites though. I can't recall the last time I ran into a website in the US that's blocked at the provider level (private moderation like e.g. Youtube is a different story). Maybe Tiktok is the most famous, but it's still around and available afaik. But in the EU, ran into "the government has decided this information is bad for you" all the time, with a nice notice from the internet provider. My hunch is that under various pretexts both societies will continue to drift towards more censorship and less privacy, perhaps with some temporary local differences.
> Goodness, child.

> Perhaps that says something about your mindset.

This is extremely inappropriate for HN and clearly against the guidelines. Please don't do it.
Asynchronicity and the Tartarus of Node.js
More or less; it was about as serious as your median Elon product tweet the last decade, or median coin nonsense.

Half-baked idea that obviously the models would need to be tuned for different languages / for specific knowledge, therefore countries would pay to do that.

There were many ideas like that, none of them panned out, hence the defenestration. All love for the guy, he did a very, very good thing. It's just meaningless to invoke it here, not only because it's completely off-topic, if anything that's already the play as the EU champion, and because the Stability gentleman was just thinking out loud, nothing more.
Huh, and I'm here running llama 3 locally (and claude.ai for less complex stuff), asking well formatted and specific questions and still adjusting the output before implementing it.

Besides I need .sh scripts not just cli completion.

But this reminds me of warp. Gonna have to give it a spin in the morning.
Agreed - I find it a very nice way to effectively send a "Thanks" email internally without cluttering the recipient's inbox with "Thanks" emails... but this only makes sense to me for internal mails/workflows.
I am but a mere vessel to my neural network overlords
This appears to be the original paper: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S00489...

Sadly it's not on SciHub so I can't evaluate just how badly this awful blogspam mangles the paper.