skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
This seems highly relevant: https://arxiv.org/abs/2406.01506

> In this paper, we study the two foundational questions in this area. First, how are categorical concepts, such as {'mammal', 'bird', 'reptile', 'fish'}, represented? Second, how are hierarchical relations between concepts encoded? For example, how is the fact that 'dog' is a kind of 'mammal' encoded? We show how to extend the linear representation hypothesis to answer these questions. We find a remarkably simple structure: simple categorical concepts are represented as simplices, hierarchically related concepts are orthogonal in a sense we make precise, and (in consequence) complex concepts are represented as polytopes constructed from direct sums of simplices, reflecting the hierarchical structure.

Basically, LLM's already partially encode information as semantic graphs internally.

With this it is less surprising that augmenting them with external knowledge graphs has a lower ROI.
Not terribly informed about the pressing process, but as I understand it, it is (or was) effectively a player-process in reverse.

A needle creates the groove(s), replete with bumps for sound, in a not-quite-set (slightly soft) master disc - and I _speculate_ those follow a specific path defined by the mastering tool.

In comparison, playback just drops the needle in the track, and it necessarily follows the extant spiral form.

Making the master of a multi-groove record I'm assuming would require recalibration of the groove-defining mechanism (doubtless carefully designed for conventional layout), once for each of the grooves you want to make, ensuring they each stay within the boundaries defined by the previous grooves.
HN is amazing:

Europe does something

> Aha it's bad why did they even try

Europe doesn't do anything

> Aha Europe always late, never innovate, Europe bad
You haven't used really hot black peppers then. Also I say black peppers but also people used cloves and bay leaves.

It is a different spice so yeah, it doesn't burn the tongue but just heats up your body.
> Imagine the most annoying possible client of our microservice. Suppose they want a new field, and they insist that it be named a certain way.

This shows a fundamental misunderstanding of what code is for, at least in a production setting. Code isn't a marble statue that's supposed to be safely guarded in a museum, it's a way to get things done. Sure, for a hobby project you can polish it and perfect it like a diamond, but for business needs, the end goal of code is to do The Thing. That annoying client is why you're getting a high salary, if they didn't have their annoying needs, you wouldn't have a job.
They are referring to the "blacks cannot swim" stereotype. Black kids are more likely to drown in pools and in these videos they appear more as well (see https://www.abc10.com/article/news/community/race-and-cultur...).
In Germany there are 3 companies, I heard in France 2 companies, I don't any in other parts of Europe but there are definitely but I suppose the European rocket start up pipeline is filled.

P. S. HN please tell me about your (European) nation's future rocket builder.
Interesting. What is a schizotype? What does that mean? Also, do you assess that negatively impacts your ability to make these kind of judgements? How does that label affect how you view you? :)
Germany never had an aircraft carrier, but the Navy still had land-based fighter squadrons:

https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marinefliegergeschwader_1

...not anymore though:

https://www.bundeswehr.de/de/organisation/marine/ausruestung...
definitely, I did not know how to code, but thanks to ChatGPT/Claude i have been able to create several websites with a lot of backend and API manipulation.

i still don't know how many things work, like some functions, and I struggle a lot when the code gets complicated - it starts to lose the overall picture. To address this, i have to start reading the code line by line to understand what's happening.

So far, I have used Node.js with Express in the backend mostly. My advice would be to go ahead and try it, don't be afraid, as it helps a lot. it makes you feel like you can build a lot of complicated stuff, though, I'm having a hard time finding ideas lately
>True, but the EU has tight rules about government subsidies (TFEU art. 107-109) which don't have equivalent in the US.

ESA member states contributed €2.815 billion for the development of Ariane 6. Industry contributed €400 million.

Additionally, the member states have agreed to subsidize the Ariane 6 to the tune of €340 million annually.
So I should introduce complexity in my application so in the future it might help me dupe potential investors if my startup is not going well? That’s a whole new take on pre-mature optimization. I’d rather not dupe investors, and would rather not introduce unnecessary complexity, instead I’d rather focus on actually delivering value so investors actually want to invest.
Yes, that is about right.

It is also about knowing when to mow the lawn. Generally, you shouldn't mow the lawn when it is too wet, as it is too heavy on your mower. You also want to avoid mowing it when it has been too sunny, as the grass will turn brown. That requires experience beyond buying a mower.
This is the third time I’ve been nerd sniped with something qntm related in a weeks time. I’ve never been more pleased haha.
You absolutely can if you add the context from correlations to Product and CX, brand tone and other bits of RAG.

You can study it all by graphing text extracts with NetworkX before you pay for an off-the-shelf LLM to provide a false sense of confidence.

The exercise will help you build the prompt regardless of what tech you use.
Ah thanks.

Watched a couple of videos. I made the mistake of focusing too much on kids playing with the head underwater and lingering on them. You really have to focus everywhere.

But damn the life guards seem good.
> My money is on they're not going to come out ahead in the race.

What race ? Having your own launcher is already a win in a fast changing world
OpenFirmware is similar level of complexity as UEFI, to be quite honest, and lacks certain mechanisms that were designed into ACPI (and inherited by UEFI) precisely to support multiple different operating systems without requiring the OS to be have specialty drivers for every little bit.

Sure, in the happy path, you can depend on OpenFirmware giving you parameters like locations and addresses and "this device is compatible with X so you can use its driver", but it still requires that you have the specific driver the device is compatible with, and a new hardware release was often incompatible with older versions of OSes because, unlike ACPI, you can't encode information like "Hey, I'm compatible with interface X version Y" => "here's limited functionality because your driver is not updated for interface X version Y+1 but the computer will work".

Instead you had special "hardware support releases" to get the OS to boot at all.

CoreBoot and uboot by itself provide even less support. They might have open source, but they provide effectively closed platform to the end user. UEFI is in practice less restrictive because I only have to program to the interface, and in absence of gross bugs, I can expect things to work - whether it's a boot-time driver to support my super-duper-special storage add-in card, or a custom OS that I want to be available for normal people to try out by running on their random home PC. Hell, if Linux kernel people didn't tell they would no longer accept "platform definition" patches, you probably still wouldn't have FDT used on ARM with uboot.
>Like all elements of all crimes charged, it has to be proven beyond a reasonable doubt.

What has to be proven?

That they got money and used it to fund the operation isn't in question.
What would the alternative be?

(Worth noting: Google Hangouts predates WebRTC. I think a case can be made that big data collection of real users machine performance in the real world was instrumental for hammering out the last mile issues in Hangouts, which informed WebRTC's design. I'm sure we would have gotten there eventually, my contention is it would have taken longer without concrete metrics about performance).
Ok, I see your point, however my read on it is that Haaretz shows a balanced view that is reflective of Israeli population. Bibi had a lot of issues, support was not a given, but I recall seeing both pro- and anti-hardline editorials and stances in articles over the last few years. As Bibi returned, its stance seemed to shift more to the left (as if in reaction). However, Haaretz's inclusion of more left-wing views I thought reflected the organic demographics of Israel, and demonstrated a credible, nuanced take.

What news would you suggest I read to get a more local viewpoint? :)
it's about maintaining political options - what happens when your peer denies your launches on their platform; what prevents ESA from launching 90% of their payloads on SpaceX for reduced cost, while maintaining alive a credible option ?
> There’s no useful attack that can be waged against your devices with knowledge of your wifi password.

Famous last words.

> The idea that your LAN is a security boundary is out of date by decades.

I'm sure there are plenty of device and software vendors that haven't gotten the news. And exploits exist - no reason to carelessly discard a defensive layer just because it isn't 100% perfect.
Lol, how delusional.

ArianeGroup literally just got 5 billion $ plus use of lots of tax payer subsidized infrastructure. That is 4 billion $ more then SpaceX ever got for development of Falcon 9.

Falcon 9 got an old shitty broken down launch sites they had rebuild, ArianeGroup got a whole new built launch site for free.

But feel free to live in fantasy land.

> It’s not a like for like comparison especially give SpaceX keeping its books private and giving no clear public indication of how reusable its rockets really are or their refurb cost.

Actual smart people and analyist firms have done a lot of work on this. And literally every single expert on the topic disagrees with you.

Its literally impossible to assume SpaceX is not saving money, because it would be insane for them to do 100+ launches if they couldn't do as cheaply as they claim.

> Given Musks history of creative accounting quoting their PR numbers, the ones they pitch congress, as facts is naive in the extreme.

No idea what you are talking about. All SpaceX contracts with the government a fixed cost. What they actually cost doesn't matter, if SpaceX can't deliver, they pay it themselves.

If the were constantly offering prices cheaper then they can do things for, they wouldn't exist.

Its amazing the brain power it takes to believe that SpaceX is losing money on launches, losing money on development contracts, and is developing Starlink and Starship and is losing money on Starlink operations. But somehow they still exist because 'mmhhh they raised money'.

Problem is we know how much money SpaceX raised, you can look it up. And we know what they get paid for their government contract. Their money raising isn't that crazy, in fact, its hard to believe that they have enough to work on Starlink and Starship at the same time. Other companies have spent far, more on things that are far less impressive.

But somehow they did both at the same time while also developing human launch. Increasing launch rates. And taking on a number of other fixed price development contracts. And somehow they still exist.

Anybody who actually studies these numbers come to the same conclusion. And those simply don't agree with you. Go and actually try to build a model and do the numbers yourself. You will prove yourself wrong. But of course you wont do that, because you were already to lazy to look up what all the space analysts already concluded.

Better just keep repeating those anti-Musk talking points you found on twitter from people who wouldn't know what side of a rocket points up.
The main takeaway is that, unless you are trained for it (like lifeguards are) and actively looking for the signs, you will probably not spot someone drowning, even if they are right next to you.

Someone drowning isn't at all like pictured in movies. Those videos aim to dispel that, and maybe teach you some of the signs of someone drowning, and also that you should watch your kids closely when they're at the pool.
A good argument why the fines for this kind of behavior need to be orders of magnitude higher.
Girls in Tech shutting down due to lack of funding
We should differentiate between truly low functioning schizophrenics that are in active psychosis and people who developed psychotic features through years of drug abuse. One is born that way or organically develops the condition, the other makes hundreds of small decisions that lead to destructive consequences that society is left to confront. Both are worthy of compassion. But, the latter has responsibility for their own choices. They should be held to a higher standard of expectations, including managing their own medical path and showing up to appointments.

One thing this article avoids, and most other advocacy articles do also, is acknowledgement of the vast numbers of mentally ill people who do prioritise their own care and participate in a structured treatment. It's disrespectful and ableist to group the worst behaviours of people that abandon their own care for street drugs, with the condition itself. Those people need to be held responsible for those decisions.

Consequences for destructive behaviour are crucial for a functioning society. Even many low functioning people understand consequences. What we have done is slowly remove the consequences for multiple tiers of progressively worse behaviour.

I have seen many freakouts and assaults in large cities and have also seen them act right up to the threshold of a consequence. Then when police show up, suddenly they know exactly what to say to get out of it. That is not someone who doesn't understand what is happening.

Involuntary hospitalisation needs to remain a tool, even as a last resort, to prevent escalation of conditions and for the safety of the general public.
UEFI btw is late 1990s thing, with work starting because BIOS was unwieldy chimeara that didn't match anything in hardware, and supporting things like network booting by hooking into "boot BASIC program from Cassette" subroutine was problematic.
That was quite the read. It’s genuinely perplexing to see people defend the currently atrocious state of the ad world by comparing it to theft. So weird.
Your statement is technically correct, which everyone knows is the best kind of correct.
Are the US sending military payloads with non-US rockets?
Winning has become everything because the consequences of losing (or not competing) are increasingly harsh.
This reads almost as if the problem of strong AI were... human beings.
Yes, the nonconstexpr version does just that, unless I misunderstood your question. See also boost::spirit for a 'big' version of this
> Are the Europeans wworried that "between now and 2030s" the US will cut off their access to space?

Ariane Group is first and foremost a defense company owned by the French state, Germany and several other European countries.

Ariane group designs and manufactures French ICBMs. This is a significant part of its business.

The French government wants a sovereign means of putting heavy military satellites into orbit (twice the weight of the Hubble telescope).

The French state will never let its intelligence, early warning and nuclear deterrent depend on the United States.
What's New at State of the Map US 2024?
Time, the Silent Exploit: The Unseen Enemy in Every Codebase
do you imagine the ESAs some kind of private actor? its paid by the taxpayers whether it makes money or not
"[...] cause an average of 2 accidents per month if [...] people [...] weren't paying attention"
Show HN: I recently made free a web app in construction and gardening
Whether you're an experienced DIYer or a gardening enthusiast, I would greatly appreciate your feedback
Thanks for the idea! Yes constexpr std::vector feels like cheating
What are the cons?
In the event of another Trump presidency (or a successor in spirit) getting cut off for military purposes is probably more like expected, and in a post-NATO world Russia might get a lot more aggressive towards western Europe. That's probably what is behind most such time horizons right now, but even in the mid to long term, rocket tech will remain highly strategic (e.g. for nuclear weapon delivery), and capabilities like that need to be built up well before any conflict escalates.
I mean maybe what they do is not good, and also not doing anything is bad too?

I don't see the contradiction what you seem to be implying.

Just because something must be done, doesn't mean that anything done should be celebrated. One can still do the wrong thing, and people can comment on that.

Also HN is not a single entity. Even if you would see some contradiction between attitudes (which I don't see here) it could be still explained by the fact that many different people post on HN and they have different opinions, thoughts and values.
The Hadza get 15 to 20% of their calories from honey: https://globalhealth.duke.edu/news/what-can-hunter-gatherers...
Likely most of the old 4chan folks are HN aged today. I'm surprised nobody has made a modern imageboard app or something yet. Image storage/retrieval is so cheap now and you have all the chaos of multimodal AIs. I just loved the irc era of writing scripts for everything. Imagine that plus cheap AI editing.
What about non Linux operating systems? Those exist and Open Source software written for them, developed on them exists.
> Also, why not fine or ban products that cause problems rather than requiring certification.

Because certifying upfront is cheaper than trying to find products that cause problems in the field, do lots of testing and find somebody and recall all the other products that are in the field
Despite my writing the article I agree
> what happens when your peer denies your launches on their platform

Strongly agree—Europe needs an indigenous launch option. Ariane 6 is not it, and I’m sceptical ArianeSpace can ever deliver it.
This is not even close to being true.

Vulcan rocket has already launch and cost the same as Ariane 6 without subsidy. They have a credible reuse program called SMART. Vulcan uses advanced stage engines.

BlueOrigin, for all their diddling and money wasting, is gone launch pretty soon with a rocket that is way more advanced in literally every way.

RocketLab has been executing quickly and their next generation Neutron rocket will be on the market literally a decade before any reusable offering from Arianespace. Their engine development is working on a staged rocket engine far more advanced then ESA next generation engine. Development on that engine is progressing much, much faster and is cheaper.

Relativity's Terran R rocket is deep in development. Lots of component testing and fully built engines being tested. Their Terran R will also hit market many, many years ahead of whatever Ariane Next is gone.

And in fact, while all these people working on next generation system, there isn't even the glimmer of political agreement about development of a next generation European system.

Either you are just lying or you have not actually studied the launch market at all.

> All while being independent from the whims of one single individual, ensuring independent launch capabilities for national security reasons.

Yeah really sucks for the US to have 5 very aggressive competitive companies coming online. Much better to have monopoly that requires 5 billion $ to get the most basic rocket upgrade ever to fly.
Ow a 'Null' License Plate Landed One Hacker in Ticket Hell
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miura_5
Interesting. Sounds like John von Neumann, who was famous for this.
This is really cool!

For people who don't want to go full scale sim and prefer a bit of a lighter interpretation of working with signalling screens, I can recommend Rail Route (https://store.steampowered.com/app/1124180/Rail_Route/).
SteamDeck uses gamescope which, outside of defaulting to provide XWayland as the actual API to applications, uses special Vulkan extension to essentially remove compositor from the pipeline other than things like performance overlay, making DXVK and others render as close to direct to scan out as possible.
Thanks, that's a good way to remember that.
Same here. It's not even the difference in sweetness, it's just the disgusting aftertaste that lingers forever. I've never gotten how people can drink Coke Zero voluntarily. Too bad they only sell caffeine-free Coke Zero and not the caffeine-free regular where I live, so I gave it another chance not long ago, but noped out after the first sip. It's undrinkable.

Though I prefer actual sugar, some low-sugar drinks use stevia, which doesn't have the same drinking-chemical-runoff taste of aspartame.
Gosling: Anonymous, secure and private P2P functionality with Tor onion services
Interesting. I guess this isn't so impossible then. Still, it seems they would need a very strong will in the company, up to Sundar Pichai, to really commit to switch over Android to Fuchsia. Which likely requires a large and years-long developer effort until the switch can be made in a reasonably seamless manner. But the management will likely ask whether the advantages (better security?) are worth such an investment.
In this world full of smartphones, this feels especially true: towards your kids or loved one.

The best tricks I know of are:

- Place your phone some place other than your pocket.

- And use it exclusively there: at a place where it is more directly obvious to tour sourroundings that you are occupied. Such as in a separate room or a specific corner less within sight from where the kids are playing.

- Get an Apple Watch or other device that only steal your attention for a brief moment. This will give you the comfort of knowing what’s going on, such as a colleague in need of assistance, without the lure or acting upon it at the cost of losing attention on what’s in front of you.
Cool! Been wanting something like this for years. Been around 20 years.

Been wanting a schema-based JSON checker also. I wonder if that's somewhere too...
I like imageboards. I think it's partly nostalgia for me too. They remind me of the tolerance and freedom that was present on the early internet. Everything in contrast feels so heavily moderated or censored. Forums can be good too, but it's so hard to find good forums these days, and they tend to have quite a bit of moderation compared to imageboards so it's not the same.

In my opinion imageboards are dying. They used to be much better when they were more popular. I've also noticed that they're increasingly getting infested with spam and scams these days too. The golden age of imageboards was definitely ~15 years ago. Their appeal has largely been displaced by social media and sites like Reddit.
I think most winners these days are cheaters because it makes sense to cheat. Living life as a 'free' honest person nowadays is almost as bad as being in jail... So of course, given less than a 50% chance of going to jail, most people will happily cheat through their lives and think the risk is a fair trade-off.

Heck, some might think it's a fair trade-off even if you get caught. Just ask Elizabeth Holmes and her millionaire husband.
Why do you need those features for a published long document? Do the editing and collaboration in an ugly platform, but publish in something more readable?
How do you behave when someone has an email hosted on a custom domain name? Do you perform some checks to figure out if the service they’re using is up to your standard? And what if I didn’t trust your ProtonMail address? Would you be willing to switch to something else?
GRC's – The Quiet Canine – Mission Statement
At least once or twice so far this year, for me.