skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
theorg.com
zoominfo.com
repvue.com
For PyTorch, while I have not learned it myself yet but I am planning to learn it and I have heard that it is good course for it https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/learn-pytorch-for-deep-lea...
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Consider all the RAM along a network transmission. Maybe you’re using authenticated encryption, maybe your transfer has an internal or out of band checksum. Maybe not.
https://onlinetextcompare.com/pdf
lets you compare text between two pdf files locally within the browser
It’s been a very long time since I had any inside baseball, but I very much doubt that Hopper gear is in the hot inference path.

The precisions and mantissa/exponent ratios you want for inference are just different to a mixed-precision, fault tolerant, model and data parallel pipeline.

Hopper is for training mega-huge attention decoders: TF32, bfloat16, hot paths to the SRAM end of the cache hierarchy with cache coherency semantics that you can reason about. Parity gear for fault tolerance, it’s just a different game.
My definition is someone outright lying that gpt-2 was agi that should be regulated just so they could raise more money for the next round of training.
I'm intrigued by bits like Outside Margin Comments[1] - `$onMargin minCol 20 maxCol 45` - text before column 20 and after column 45 is treated as a comment - 1970s.

[1] https://www.gams.com/latest/docs/UG_GAMSPrograms.html#UG_GAM...
That's 402Tbps. I don't know why the title uses this weird "402M Mbps".
You'd like to think so, but I wonder what McVoy thinks about it all. After all, before that, he had Bitkeeper which was his business, which had the distinction and fame of being used for the Linux kernel project. Now, who even remembers BK?
> So, you can build complex algorithms to smear leap seconds into clocks at random intervals, or you can use a published database to adjust TAI time to human time.

That's a choice we have right now, today, and as far as I'm aware nobody chooses TAI for their systems. I think that says a lot.

> You're going to have to deal with the offset one way or another.

Most things don't really care. Oh the clock's off by 1.7 seconds, let's make an adjustment and check again tomorrow. Leap seconds are below the noise floor.
I agree with this advice once you get to a sufficiently high level -- like, working on research problems.

HOWEVER I think there's more nuance: there is tremendous value in having a baseline level of foundational knowledge in whatever domain you're in.

For instance, if someone hasn't learned math to an undergraduate level, and they try to sink their teeth into a math research problem, then they're probably going to spend all their time flailing around and being confused. Waste of time.

A better use of time would be for them to develop a baseline level of mathematical knowledge through a structured curriculum, and then take the leap once they've got their fundamentals down.

Same thing with machine learning. If you want to work on a research problem and you have your ML fundamentals down, then yeah, go ahead and jump right into the research problem. But if you don't even know how gradient descent works, or what an eigenvalue is, how to work with continuous probability distributions, etc., then you're woefully underprepared and you'd be better off just shoring up your foundations first.
It looks like that was an addendum that was added later and also benchmarked against the original C version
Well, Democritus' theory of matter was closer to the truth than that of Aristotle, despite both being substantially wrong. Perhaps science would have progressed faster if Democritus' ideas had persisted up to the Renaissance instead of Aristotle's.

That's all you can really say: ancient Greek philosophy in no way resembled modern science, but that doesn't mean that we can't give the ones who got closer than others any credit.
Redundancy and backup are not the same thing. RAID gets you redundancy but if you get pwnd, you get redundantly pwnd!

So you backup to elsewhere. Now you have two copies of your data. Cool. Now you probably can recover from a silly mistake from up to a week ago or whatever your retention period is. However, if you don't monitor your backups, you'll never notice certain snags such as ransomware. OK, that might be low risk for your home backups.

It's quite hard to get the balance right but I think that you might not be quite as protected as you think you are. Why not buy a cheap hard disk and clone all your data to it every three or six months and stash it somewhere?

I have a similar argument with a colleague of mine, to the point that I will probably buy a LTO multi head unit myself and some tapes.

RAID is not a backup, its a data integrity thing. It ensures that what you save now stays saved correctly into the future. It protects now. Backups protect the past.

Think long and hard about what might go wrong and take suitable steps. For you I think a simple, regular off line back up will work out quite well with minimal cost, for disaster recovery.
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I agree that this is the way to go. I'd also recommend the PBS kids video app as something you can let them navigate and explore without worry.
Huh? How exactly do you propose to emigrate anywhere (such as the US) without a job? You can't just show up in some country, get a bank account and an apartment, and start living life there. If you want to move to the US, you need corporate sponsorship there too, to get a work visa, which is the same in pretty much every developed nation. There are some ways around it, such as "investor's visas" (for very rich people), and spousal visas, but we're not talking about those kind of people. (Also, unlike the US with its EB5 investor visa, Japan doesn't have any such thing. There is a new "digital nomad" visa I think though, but it's very new and I don't know anything about it.)
> when the US was arming Pol Pot starting in 1979.

There is no concrete evidence the US armed the Khmer Rouge.

At best, there is some evidence that some of the non-lethal aid provided to rival groups might have made it to the Khmer Rouge, but that's a far cry from arming them.
(former - non-US - army airborne captain)

Round chutes (cupolas) are designed to get soldiers from the plane to the ground quickly.

Quickly enough to remain the least possible amount of time in the air where they are an easy target for any ground troop. (This is why soldiers are dropped from very low altitudes; 400m is usual, but some combat drops occurred at even lower altitudes)
But not too quickly that too many of the dropped soldiers end up unable to fight from the hardness of the landing. Please note that it is assumed that some will get hurt on the landing, and the calculus is designed to balance the risk in the air with the risk of the landing.

In contrast, rectangular chutes (wings) are designed to be dropped from higher than 900m, steered in the air, and to provide a very comfortable landing (as long as the surface of the wing is adequate for the suspended weight). They were also introduced for skydiving as a sport, and only later found some military use.
Is it legally a blade if it isn't sharp? I'd think the biggest danger would be similar to any toy, just poking someone's eye.
Could use the 2011 prefix.. not that the article is that old, but the law is.[0]

The Wolf Amendment is a law passed by the United States Congress in 2011, named after then–United States Representative Frank Wolf, that prohibits the United States National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) from using government funds to engage in direct, bilateral cooperation with the Chinese government and China-affiliated organizations from its activities without explicit authorization from the Federal Bureau of Investigation and the U.S. Congress.

Related Chang'e 6 lunar sample return mission returns with samples from moon's far side (234 points, 8 days ago, 121 comments) https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=40790057

[0]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wolf_Amendment
I was going to ask "why BCC" (BCC is super clunky) but you're way ahead of us. This is great work, thanks for posting it.
I'd love to hear more of this debugging story!
The photos make it look similar to other instances of mining runoff. How do they rule out runoff from current or past activities and attribute it so confidently to permafrost melting?
It's extremely easy with GTK these days too because libpeas has a luajit backend (along with SpiderMonkey, Python, and of course anything native) and they all are backed by GObject Introspection to call into the C libraries/app.
Performancewise this looks similar to https://gist.github.com/SvenKortekaas/60387b0428b1592e5c9ec0... , where the aluminum-case and baseboard were available for about 11USD for a time. (ex. shipping, OFC)

The fitting SBC was about the same price, the most expensive part was the high-efficiencý (GAN) wall-wart, and 2.5" Disk.

I know this, because I ordered this eons ago :-)

Still running somewhere, that thing. 24/7 since then, with some reboots, because updates...

Runs Armbian, if you like to, or anything else if you are willing to mess more.

Seems to be still on sale, according to https://www.friendlyelec.com/index.php?route=product/product...
Location: Any

Remote: Yes

Willing to relocate: Yes

Technologies:

1. virtualisation, cloud and large-scale distributed system design

2. database system architecture and design (postgres, mysql, redis, etc.)

3. user-centric, multi-platform, large-scale web business system architecture and design

4. decentralised systems, blockchain and web3 technologies, etc.

5. gnu/linux underlying technology, upper layer ecology and related development

6. has extensive theoretical and practical experience in cryptography and information security

7. the construction of artificial intelligence technology in the field of business and industry

8. Web3, Blockchain and cryptocurrency technology.

9. Familiar with AI / LLM / PyTorch / Transformer / PyTorch / TensorFlow / JAX, and have relevant technical R&D experience.

Email: xvac [AT] tuta [DOT] io
Where did you get the "there is no reality out there, it's all just human-created abstraction"? Which book exactly? Because I can't remember a single one claiming that. Maybe 'Simulacre et simulation' has a point that's close to this, but it's about consumption and signifiers, and certainly not about 'all'.

I don't think I remember anything from Lyotard about that, he talk mostly about legitimation and fragmentation. Weirdly, the only place I could see him talking about 'all just human-created abstraction' is in his criticism of metanarative (and in this case, replace 'all' by 'metanarative' and it's pretty close, but also very obvious).

Foucault isn't a postmodernist (he predate them), but he might have talked about that, I remember him talking about objective truth not existing, but it was in the context of words' meanings, and while a Canadian dumbshit took his words outside of its context, it's quite clear it's not about the physical world, but about meaning. Said Canadian proved him somewhat right by misquoting him on purpose. Also it's clear he lacked Wittgenstein's insights on how we describe reality , I would have loved to read Foucault with analytical philosophy insights.

Derrida, I don't know tbh, I don't think anybody but himself understands him, but I do not remember him writing about anything but art or philosophy.
I think the sooner we accept we’ve lost an entire generation the sooner we can move to correct.
The on-cpu sample profiling is not a big deal for my use cases as I don't need the "perf" sampling to happen at 10kHz or anything (more like 10-1Hz, but always on).

But the sched_switch tracepoint is the hottest event, without stack sampling it's 200-500ns per event (on my Xeon 63xx CPUs), depending on what data is collected. I use #ifdefs to compile in only the fields that are actually used (smaller thread_state struct, fewer branches and instructions to decode & cache). Surprisingly when I collect kernel stack, the overhead jumps higher up compared to user stack (kstack goes from say 400ns to 3200ns, while ustack jumps to 2800ns per event or so).

I have done almost zero optimizations (and I figure using libbpf/BTF/CO-RE will help too). But I'm ok with these numbers for most of my workloads of interest, and since eBPF programs are not cast in stone, can do further reductions, like actually sampling stacks in the sched_switch probe on every 10th occurrence or something.

So in worst case, this full-visibility approach might not be usable as always-on instrumentation for some workloads (like some redis/memcached/mysql lookups doing 10M context switches/s on a big server), but even with such workloads, a temporary increase in instrumentation overhead might be ok, when there are known recurring problems to troubleshoot.
Surprisingly, still GTK 3 which means software rendering.

If they get it to GTK 4 and recent WebKit release they'll get a lot of DMA-BUF usage to bring many of those WebKit->GTK->Compositor copies to 1 (or in some offloading cases, zero).
Ask HN: How to run a mid-2012 retina MacBook Pro safely in 2024?
Question in title. I bought this computer from my iPhone while on a walk, while still watching the keynote (I think it was the first post-Steve keynote). It was so obviously the right choice. And I have used it for over a decade. Sadly, Catalina stopped getting updates a while ago, so ostensibly I should close the lid and forget it exists. But, man, it's a nice laptop. I mean, it's just delightful.

I see someone using one from time to time and I'm actually envious. I have pretty much every macbook since and I still like the original retina MacBook sooo much. How do I safely use this? Can I use it around the house in my little walled garden intranet? If I take it out of the house, is there some hotspot I can put between it and the world?
they make external HDD chassis that connect via USB. I don't have any experience with them so I can't comment on their reliability, but search for "ORICO 5 Bay USB to SATA Hard Drive Enclosure".
I get that it might treat people differently. This is what works for me, otherwise I wouldn’t be able to take it at all.
I actually don't think it's going to be that impactful. It often gets everything wrong. Today I asked ChatGPT questions about a game I used to play. It got it all wrong. I've recently asked questions about coding. A majority of it is also wrong. I've tried using it in a professional setting and it's also hit or miss.

I'm not saying AI is useless but it's certainly not the panacea that some say it is.
Sure but I already stated this in my original comment. He cannot use Apple despite it being much better designed to address his complaints.
Web developers are, front end engineers are not.
The word primarily is important in my comment; snitching on CPGB members and fellow travellers to the government does very much make you an anti-communist.
In raid1 all you need is a bit flip in RAM between writing to disks to cause a permanent error (one disk gets the flipped bit, the other does not).

Raid6 will repair single bit errors, assuming a bit wasn't flipped before/during the erasure code calculation when writing the data.
SaaS (shoveling as a service)
> How would you say someone should express such concerns without coming off as entitled?

> Or do you really think that if someone has such concerns, their only recourse is to start contributing to the project?

Yes, I think one way to not come off as entitled when being critical to volunteers is to also offer volunteer work yourself.

And it's most helpful to provide feedback directly to the developers through their preferred means of communication.

> Or do you think they're not valid concerns?

Irrelevant what I think here, that's kind of the point. That's just my opinion.

> That project of course being one of the most security-sensitive projects one could imagine.

Agreed that the project is important. However, this is irrelevant, too, unless you're bolstering your "valid concerns" argument.
> Brown was unanimously rated well-qualified by the American Bar Association.[23]

If the experts are fine with her, on what basis should we normies be concerned?
> "While this order is preliminary, the Court intends to rule on the ultimate merits of this action on or before August 30, 2024," she wrote.

> In its complaint, Ryan LLC accused the FTC of overstepping its statutory authority in declaring all noncompetes unfair and anticompetitive.

> Judge Brown agreed, writing, "The FTC lacks substantive rulemaking authority with respect to unfair methods of competition."

> Through a statement Wednesday evening, the FTC said its authority is supported by both statute and precedent.

I’m not entirely against this outcome. Things that have big impact or are controversial or are visible enough to warrant public discussion should just be acted on by congressional legislation rather than assumed executive authority.

That said I think noncompetes and similar restrictions on employees are too broad and go too far in practice. They are essentially anti competitive. Still, the main problem for competition is the size and capital of incumbent mega corporations, and not JUST their noncompetes. The FTC needs to do something about that.
My side projects tend to be small and not see the light of day, but for the last year I've been experimenting with daily microtasks. Each month I work out a list of 10-15 bite-sized tasks I want to do daily (sometimes rest days for exercise). Most of them are 5 minute minimum tasks and some are goal-oriented. A little off topic, but one nice thing about the monthly cycle of daily tasks is that I can adjust based on the previous month (maybe a certain task wasn't worthwhile to me or maybe I need to update the task) and it feels kind of like new years resolutions but achievable because of the shorter time scale.

The one I thought I would hate the most was forcing myself to work on a side project for 5 minutes a day because the bar is so low I wasn't sure I'd be able to meaningfully make an impact on a project. To my surprise, it's actually kind of pleasant. Obviously if you want to ship your project in X days it's not really feasible, but I'd be happy to release anything at all even if it takes months or years. Some days I spend the time planning, researching, or reading documentation (something I usually don't do thoroughly because I'm trying to ship something asap). Other days I'll actually write some code or create some content. Often times, I spend much more than 5 minutes on it, but it's comforting to know that it's okay to stop after 5 and do the other things I want.

As other mentioned, being diligent about keeping track of where you left off is important; otherwise you start doubling back which feels wasteful.

My issue/feature/todo tracking is mostly in an Obsidian Markdown file and in my daily notes where I might put more minute TODOs or scratch notes.

For timing tasks, I use a Time Timer, my phone timer, and the Windows 11 focus timer depending on what's closest to me at the time. The Time Timer is kind of neat because you can turn off the beeping sound so even after 5 minutes passes, you can keep going without being interrupted by the timer or feeling anxious about it.
I recall Marvin Minsky saying that 1 GigaFlops would suffice for doing most of what humans do. Current AI is addiction to more data, more compute but no smarts. At least they gave us cheap compute, soon the right people will figure out how to produce real AI, not this travesty.
>What nonsense? I see lots of Stockholm syndrome from Windows users who like to invent issues with other OS'.

Agreed, I always push back on nonsense from Windows users as well as Linux users. Like I mentioned in my original comment, his main complaints could be solved by Apple but he is stuck with a poorly designed OS given the nature of his work. Linux would not be an improvement as it would still present him with a litany of problems for him to complain about. His main concern would be addressed with the top of the line M series GPU.
Its a stick in the ground. People might have tripped over thousands of them, and millions lost to the elements and time. This find was only noticed because someone with the right specialized knowledge was looking in a specific location for artifacts, bothered to test the stick, and managed to link it to an obscure document written 150 years earlier, itself amazing that this particular ritual from this particular region was documented, unlike the unknown but huge number that were not. It is surprising we find this sort of thing at all. They might have cooked their lunch with a 35,000 year old stick without realizing it.
So efforts would be better served in training materials and perhaps software (clients and such) that is easier to use then what is current present today. Am I taking your response correctly?
Snac2 – A simple, minimalistic ActivityPub instance written in portable C
It's a bit weird to claim that "quantum", autonomous cars, and crypto are "underestimated". If anything they've been overhyped and totally failed to deliver actual value.
Tell the rest of HN why it is failing
I use ChatGPT copilot etc to reduce my cognitive load and get a lot of things done quicker so I also have more time to fuck around. You're out of your goddamn mind if you think I'm going to increase my output for the mere chance that maybe I'll get an above inflation raise in a year. "We gave our devs a magic 10% productivity boost machine, but their output hasn't increased? I guess the machine doesn't work..." It's amusing how out of touch you are.
This is a good point, you can indeed argue that "there's a single company with the right to ignore the license terms" is correct. Thank you for elaborating, I added a note to my comment.

I'm still not sure whether it really matters in light of the Apache license, but I don't feel qualified to argue about that.

I guess the straw-man I was arguing against was that some people think you transfer your copyright to Google (you don't), but that's different from what you claimed.
I recently installed Linux Mint on a Mac Book Pro.

So far the only problem I encountered is unability to easily configure the keyboard to emit function key codes when pressing the function keys. I am sure there are more things like that. The trackpad works fine.