skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Missing Stair effect - ignoring a problem does make everything progressively worse for everyone because the problems pile up.
MacOS comes with curl but no wget by default. Sure you can easily install it with homebrew. But it would be nice to have wget functionality by default.
OK!

I work in financial services, a lot of customers want tools to support their creaking code bases.

What are the state of the art options, both commercial and open source?

What are the prospects for things like translating COBOL to Python or Java?
Good News: Dr Sapolsky has recently updated his intro video on depression.

it's here: https://youtu.be/fzUXcBTQXKM?si=JU-iOaP9SeFdB5qy
And all the USB-C series too! Good job.
I think of computers as our exocortex, even more than our symbiont.
Hey everyone, for quite some time I've had a strong belief that OpenAPI should become a standard for agentic AI. I believe it can open up AI innovation to new heights.

It still isn't adopted as much as it could've. But I'm working hard to make it reality. Not there yet, but happy to share my works so far.
Ask HN: Should I learn Awk or Perl? Or is that a bad question?
I find myself being totally lost on the command line when I need to do more complex stuff - a series of pipes between greps and cuts and the works. Recently, I finally took some time to try to learn some awk and it was life changing. I’ve been doing some awk puzzles, but it occurred to me that if I’ll be deliberately spending time learning a command line text processing tool, I may as well go the extra mile and learn perl, which I’ve heard is far more expressive than gawk.

I’m also noticing a lack of literature on Perl on the command line, I.e “perl -nae <some script>”.

Is awk just better for this use case?
Intelligence which can be produced biologically. It's a whacky idea but it might just work.
This article doesn’t show examples and doesn’t seem to link to the actual paper. I think it is https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal....

That doesn’t appear to have examples, either. The supplementary material has them, though (https://osf.io/7vbza/?view_only=6c08679d4b9a4c8892096eb76afa...).

I think the ChatGPT ones are on average better than the ones from the Onion.
I can't speak for other people. But for myself I'd rather have it as a --option than another command. I dislike tools that install a lot of different commands, it just gets harder to remember them all.
I really doubt that would happen. Got fails when it reaches Google scale repos. But most of the world isn't using such large repos anyway.

A replacement would be niche, only for the huge orgs, which is usually made by them anyway. For everyone else, git is good enough.
Every normie I know who has touched crypto ONLY got into it after it gained its scammy investor status. Prior to that it was basically only people like me…dudes running Linux etc, you know the type.
Appreciated, Slightly related: https://github.com/bashtools/JSONPath.sh
Jsonpath handling in Bash - very usable for huge files
> One stick was 11,000 years old and the other 12,000 years old, radiocarbon dating found.

so there were two sticks, at the same site/ritual, but one stick was a 1000 years older than the other?

does that mean the ancestors of the present day people were coming to this location for the ritual for a 1000 years? but then for some reason stopped?

This is so fascinating!
Don't share this information too far and wide, you might drive up the price for these in the second hand market, which will hurt us dirt-cheap-pc-gluts.

I cannot say no to cheap compute for some reason.
Great project! But I'm curious about how the frontend was implemented. What's the tech stack? For example, is it Next.js + Tailwind CSS?
My "NAS" and homeserver is an old Lenovo ThinkCentre mini PC with a large SSD inside. My "RAID" is an rclone cloud backup.
Might be a bit scuffed but it works really well, at least for me.
The video is by the mathematician Michel Talagrand.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michel_Talagrand

A surprising tip from his personal page.

"If you are desperate to get my books and your library can't afford them, try to type the words "library genesis" in a search engine. I disagree with piracy, but this site saved me many trips to the library, which unfortunately does not carry electronic versions of older books."

http://michel.talagrand.net/
It does if the stopwatch is sinchronizing to prevent drifting, like most clocks do.
Nice! Thanks for the update!
There's a lot of places the file can get corrupted on its way to your drive. The memory of the NAS itself is only one of those. If you want any certainty you need to verify it after writing, so ECC RAM is not enough. And once you do set up that verification, you don't need the ECC RAM anymore.
Thanks, didn't have my coffee yet :)
I meant through cloud vendors. I heard about AWS Device Farm. But I haven't used it. Do you have any idea about if it's good?
I was wondering why on earth does it have anything to do with freedom. I never knew the US part of ISS has a separate name.
It is expensive. Perhaps if demand is high enough, the production becomes cheaper?
Nothing but endless cloudfare captchas here for me.

Removing cookies for the domain doesn't help, because (doh) I've never visited it before.
> I think people wildly underestimate how protectionist people - particularly educated software engineers and PhDs will get once an AI model directly impacts their source of wealth.

I don't know what power you imagine SWEs and PhDs posses, but the last time their employers flexed their power by firing them in droves (despite record profits); the employees sure seemed powerless, and society shrugged it off and/or expressed barely-concealed schadenfreude.
Thanks for sharing. Very nice and insightful.
Why are you developping?

Is it a hobby for passing time? For pleasure? For the beauty of the code?

Could be. But most of the time, you develop in order for the software to perfom a task someone needs.

And that should be your first focus: to develop something that brings value for its user, and develop it as efficiently as possible.
After all, what's the point of a software if nobody uses it?
So no, your job is not to create great software, your job is to bring value to users.

In my career, I've mostly seen the developers pleasuring themselves with overengineering, bloating code with features nobody needs, and writing lines to anticipate future developments that never came. Rather than the opposite.

So I think the challenge is to remain minimalistic, that's hard, and that's what the original post is about.
I like the crystalline stuff rather than the powdery stuff because when I mix creatine with a juice the powdery stuff tastes worse, probably because the crystals just float past your tongue and you barely taste it.

My fav way to take it is put a tablespoon of crystals in about 3 fingers of juice, swirl the cup with the wrist and sip, swirl and sip, swirl and sip, until its all gone.
To reformat your code for you. Quick two strokes should do it. I use Jetbrains and it’s select all -> alt ctrl L I think. Massive timesaver. Anything a computer can do to help coders good IDEs can do in the blink of an eye.
After years of building in public, I'm scared that you're right. But the problem is, my app is now live (benji.so), and it's publicly out there for people with VC money to start copying features from it ...
You just use the good old way of dealing with criminals: appropriate prosecution and sentencing.
The American con-man from the article, even if operating out of Moscow, will get it.
This sounds like something out of law school, where for some reason "direct evidence" is oddly treated as superior to "circumstantial evidence".

So, for instance, you could have a murder, and the prime suspect's fingerprints were found at the scene and on the murder weapon too. However, an eyewitness testifies that he saw the murder committed not by the prime suspect, but instead by furry space aliens who then departed in their UFO. We're supposed to believe the witness?

After all the knowledge we have now about how utterly unreliable and frankly worthless most human testimony is, you'd think our courts would stop treating it as worthy of a conviction.
I'm expecting to experience this any day now. I've experienced it before, seeing people make hundreds of millions of dollars on an idea I'd already built (and my employer had fumbled the marketing of) and was actively working to resurrect... but couldn't figure out how to "monetize."

Currently my problem is being a one-man band. I've realized I can't "just ship" a product that relies on a hand-rolled user-authorization scheme that I create with very little experience. So now I've interrupted my whole project to learn Supabase and oh yeah, containers... because I've never used those either and as far as I can tell I'd better use those for deployment and scalability.

And oh yeah, I had to learn SwiftUI (already knew Swift & iOS pretty well) to write the app... and also JavaScript/TypeScript and Deno for the back end. So now I'm entering year two and still trying to vacuum up knowledge fast enough to get this thing out the door before someone else announces it.

I've been thinking that I'd have to hire someone to consult on security and scaling as I finish up actual functionality. But the days go by...
My experience working in this industry is very different and devs do get recognition and sometimes bonuses (if certain goals are hit).

Devs are paid a premium, have generally much more relaxed work schedules than managers or any customer facing role.

If you screw over your health working in a toxic environment that’s on you IMO - as tech worker you probably have more opportunities to improve your working conditions than the vast majority of humans
in my case, I would never sell Benji to anyone else because my life literally depends on it. The business part is hard tho.
PassManagerWeb: A Password Manager Written in Django
it's not just you, people have different preferences and that's fine :D
Learned about porkbun.com for domain registration on HN, moved all my domains there, and have been very satisfied.
I am retired and I continue programming - I can't help it. It must be some sort of Sisyphean curse.
Hi all. Wow! I'm blow away by the wealth of responses this post has gotten. I truly appreciate all of you sharing that knowledge. I especially appreciate the separation of disciplines that have been explained.

I think I would probably fit more into the AI Engineer category since I would have to do a lot more study for AI research, but I do enjoy trying to use existing models and libraries to accomplish tasks. I can also create toy models myself (I actually built a ConvNet in PyTorch to detect popup dialogs on my screen and alert me), but I'm no where near good enough to create entirely new novel approaches or architectures.
Probably not. There will be better GPUs. It's like we did use all those Kepler K10 and K80 fifteen or so years ago, they were Ok for models with few millions of parameters, then Pascal and Volta arrived ten years ago with massive speed up and larger memory, allowing to train same size models 2-4 times faster, so you simply had to replace all Keplers. Then Turing happened making all P100 and V100 obsolete. Then A100, and now H100. Next L100 or whatever with just more on-board memory will make H100 obsolete quickly.
https://archive.is/MABmD

The actual firm website is https://quantumlightcapital.com/
The downside on that is that your original email address is still in there and good luck blocking mails to that.
I know the solution, and to find out yourself I just need your credit card number!
I can put a binary file in GIT repo especially small ones and ones that don't change - things that people want are "handling binary files well", whatever that means, but putting big binaries in GIT or a lot of binary files or versioning them is not the use case for GIT.
How does this design compare to using channels to send data to a dedicated handlers. When using channels i've found multiple issues:
(1) Web-shaped code that is often hard to follow along
(2) Requires to manually implement message types that can then be converted to network-sendable messages
(3) Requires to explicitly give a transmitter to interested/allowed entities
(4) You get a result if your channel message failed to transmit but NOT if your message failed to transmit over network

But besides that it's pretty convenient. Let's say you have a ws_handler channel, you just send your data through that and there is a dedicated handler somewhere that may or may not send that message if it's able to.
I'd rather have 2 devices with a single drive, each having its own copy of the data than one with a RAID 1.
US Ports Warn White House of 'Grave' Economic Risks with China Crane Tariff
You'd need first to convert it to portable SIMD intrinsics. There are several libraries.
Can you tell us HOW to setup a NAS so that it doesn't need ECC RAM?
I do mention that in the second paragraph. My understanding is that most [0] games don't get super-substantial updates making the game leaps and bounds better than it was in its initial state, the way continuously-developed software does. Am I wrong?

[0] Games like Minecraft, Stardew Valley, Terraria and online games being a minority.
UK weather is not being manipulated
0.1ms is hundreds of thousands of instructions on a modern phone...
> The protests in 2019 were very different. It looked crazy on television, but in person it actually wasn't very scary. I lived in a neighborhood with a lot of immigrants from Fujian province who got in a big brawl with protesters half a block from my flat.

Did you also live in North Point? I still remember the eerie vibes of the days after, almost every single shop was closed, and corners were guarded by certain people. A couple of days after, I went out for a walk, and came home to a standoff between protesters and riot police. I ended up going to Macau for a couple of days so to avoid the chaos.

I also felt that as a foreigner it was rather difficult, protesters would assume you're on their side, until you slightly criticized some of their actions, then you were just labelled as misinformed, and "you wouldn't understand as a foreigner". So I mostly just stuck to myself and refrained from discussing it with locals.
To your third point - it looks as if the lines of mean values were averaged, this posts code would still be a clear winner.
Interesting idea, I like it. I am not profficient enough with mail servers to know how this could be done, but maybe a python script that just marks offending mails as spam would work as well.
"…we are led to believe…"

"That value materialized out of thin air."

Then, you are questioning the whole premise?
Except NTFS does not have "extended attributes" in Linux/Irix/HPFS sense.

Every FILE object in the database is ultimately (outside of some low level metadata) a map of Type-(optional Name)-Length-Value entries, of which file contents and what people think of as "extended attributes" are just random DATA type entries (empty DATA name marks the default to own when you do file I/O).

It's similar to ZFS (in default config) and Solaris UFS where a file is also a directory
Show HN: I made a email attachment scanner to avoid malware
I don't think it's about not knowing the abs function, more about the fact that the first derivative would be discontinuous and the second doesn't exist in 0. Variance had much nicer properties mathematically than absolute deviation.
Wanted to point out that Linesight, the final project described in the article, has since released a new update last month, and it now beats world records in about a dozen maps between official and user made ones: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cUojVsCJ51I
It's some really impressive stuff.
I have been down this road a couple of times:

https://taoofmac.com/space/blog/2023/02/18/1845 - Intel form factor equivalent
https://taoofmac.com/space/blog/2024/04/13/2100 - Ryzen mini-PC

…and yes, if it were today I’d likely go the all Ryzen route in a DeskMeet case, although the kind of mini-PCs you can get today will suffice for most people.
Hi, my name is Julian and i created a file checker for email attachments.

In my former 9-5 i worked as a it support engineer in a small to medium sized company. Our team was therfore also kinda responsible for security. We would get about 5 requests per day to check some sort of weird email attachment someone from the company received.

The problem was that we sometimes were not entirly sure if it contains malware or not and had no proper tools to check. Also, everybody from our team would handle a specific case differently - making it kinda dangerous.

Therefore i created Mailthreat. The user forwards the suspicious mail, the tool runs multiple checks on the files attached, then the sender gets back a result for the files.

Tell me what you think!
It's triple the price so I would hope it's lightyears ahead.

But if you're open to paying that much, well, I was considering that specific board along with some others, then I found an entire 12th gen Intel mini-PC for only 50% more and immediately changed my mind.
You may well be right. This from the ABC story linked above. They often misunderstand..

In short:Three data centres will be built in secret locations to host Australia's military secrets.
Given the tightness of airline seating and typical shoulder width for each gender, alternating male / female seating seems ideal space-wise.
Show HN: I made a split keyboard for large palms
I had an issue a few years ago - every ergonomic keyboard I tried had the switches too close to each other and my fingers were cramped in that small space.
Then I decided to create a keyboard which is suitable for larger hands and eliminates most of the wrist movement. 34 keys was the most optimized version
for achieving as little wrist movement as possible.
You can try the fitment for your palm IRL with the printable template on the website.
Maybe that depends on the job market you're working on. In some countries salaries are more affected by personal performance than in others.

My first job as a developer made me work around the clock, day and night, for a below average (nationwide compared) salary. And I got yelled at.

Since I didn't have enough work experience, my applications weren't responded to. There were no ways to improve conditions without changing jobs.
Totally agreed. It's like the hype around "social media" or "streaming services" or "video games". There's no chance of any of them going mainstream because of the fundamental human problem of people preferring to do things in real life.
Same reason I'm not buying another raspberry pi, I'd rather have solar panels and an old reliable pc running somewhere
Awk for sure! The pdf for the original awk book is somewhere around the web, i learned awk from that and it’s mostly still good. I heard they made a new edition some time ago? Really worth reading!

For perl… not sure. I learned a bit of perl in high school and never had a chance to use it, even at work where i occasionally see it being used from other people.
> how we multiply complex numbers is also IMHO not self-evident

Multiplication of complex number in the x + iy form treats them exactly like any other binomial factors, using the "FOIL" rule:

F O I L

(a + bi)(c + di) = ac + adi + bci + bdi^2

= ac + (ad + bc)i - bd

= ac - bd + (ad + bc)i

I don't know about self-evident; you pretty much have to do it that way. If you hand (a + bi)(c + di) to someone who knows basic algebra, but has no idea what i is, they will come up with the first FOIL expression above; after that, we have to know that i^2 is -1.

> nor in the geometric interpretation.

That isn't self-evident, but when you gemoetrically work out what the multiplication is doing, it's just "add the arguments (angles), multiply the moduli (distances from origin)".

Very simple!
All ethical considerations aside, I'm afraid that Martyr Trump would do more long term damage than actual living Trump.
Installing today!
I run one but I don't runn one - I've met the other Rowan
The image on the screen is 16K (16,384x16,384) driven by 25 synchronized 4K video servers. [1]

They have a dedicated camera with an amazing custom big sensor (77.5 mm x 75.6 mm with a 18024 x 17592 px resolution).

[1] https://theasc.com/articles/sphere-and-the-big-sky-camera
Jesus christ that’s awesome!
Why are we assuming we're topping out at a GPT-4 scale model?
It just makes no sense. If VMware is too expensive, people who need virtualization will switch to KVM (many big players already did). Using bare metal is a completely different use case.
Yeah I feel the same.

Interestingly, with the fact that the article is digital, surely we can leverage so many more different and interesting ways to present the information, but I feel like most prefer to just read the text.

I think it's because everyone reads a paper article in a different way. If you ask people how they read a magazine, you'll get as many responses as respondents. Some read back to front (I do that for some reason), some read articles from top to bottom, some scan through and look at the pictures and captions, then pulled quotes, then the main text. Some even read the paragraphs out of order and assembles it all afterwards.

Everyone consumes a body of text in a different way, and an article that jacks your scroll and does "fancy" stuff with the way you can access the content makes assumptions about how the reader prefers to consume the content, and this assumption is often very wrong for me personally.
> Internally, those two components were known as Finder_FE and Finder_BE (Frontend and Backend).

Interesting to see that apps were split into front and back end (indeed, I'm surprised even that the terms existed) back in 1999.
> The real value methinks is actually over the control of proprietary data used for training which is the single most important factor for model output quality.

Maybe. But we've barely scratched the surface of being more economical with data.

I remember back in the old days, there was lots of work on eg dropout and data augmentation etc. We haven't seen too much of that with the like of ChatGPT yet.

I'm also curious to see what the future of multimodal models holds: you can create almost arbitrarily amounts of extra data by pointing a webcam at the world, especially when combined with a robot, or letting your models also play StarCraft or Diplomacy against each other.
Essentially, attribute names directly specify the attribute type - so $SECURITY_DESCRIPTOR declared the entry in FILE attribute list to be a security descriptor. DATA attributes have another name field to handle multiple instances
Channels work fine if you are happy for your software to have an actor-like design.

But as you say, it comes with problems: Actors / channels can be disconnected for example. You also want to make sure they are bounded otherwise you don't have backpressure. Plus, they require copying so achieving high-throughput may be tricky.
This article describes one in a long, long series of experiments demonstrating that particles don’t exist and our intuition is simply wrong.

Imagine a gigantic, epic mountain of evidence tall enough to crush the resistance of even the most recalcitrant physicists. Particles are not real. Quantum fields are, which contain excitations, which because of conservation laws cannot simply disappear on their own and therefore in many common circumstances appear to persist and maintain an identity.

There’s our “particles”. But it isn’t hard at all to devise an experiment that breaks our intuition like a dried up stick.
> The advantage to virtualization is having an API that can be used to spin up new k8s nodes.

True, but I was surprised some companies offer metal as a service, e.g. OVH claims they can spin it up in 2 minutes: https://www.ovhcloud.com/en/bare-metal/