I kind of feel that we're talking at cross-purposes here. To me, whether the code is in a database, in-memory, serialised to a file isn't all that important as they're all just representations of the same AST. For me, the label "source code in database" is in comparison to "source code in linear files that need not have any inherent structure".

Also, perhaps my use of the phrase "experienced programmer" is being interpreted negatively. I'm not trying to imply that someone who has a lot of experience using a graphical programming language is less experienced, I'm using it as a shorthand for "experienced programmer of a traditional text-based language". I'll continue to do so for this reply too, because adding that caveat every time I use that shorthand makes the actual meaning I was trying to convey much harder to see.

As regards to the writing and seeing code as text comment, I meant that experienced programmers will probably find writing something like

sin(angle) * radius + offset

in a textual form the quickest way of expressing that idea, especially if their IDE supports auto-completion of variables. Most programmers generally also prefer to visualise their code the same way they wrote it, so presenting it back to them as text makes sense.

A novice programmer might prefer to see that as a graph of operator nodes because it guides them through the process. Even better if they can organise the nodes in the layout they want, as some people remember visually and can use the distinctive look of each area of "code" to navigate when zoomed out.

Certainly, in game development, I've seen fairly non-techy people create massive Blueprint graphs for Unreal this way, but they wouldn't consider themselves a programmer and were be scared by the prospect of a screenful of code that does the same thing. On the other hand, as someone who's used text to code for decades, I find Blueprints to be horrendously slow for me to understand when presented with someone else's "code" because there are far fewer "social code norms" being obeyed and people just do whatever makes sense to them.

I actually think in the above example of a short expression, the best solution for a novice programmer probably isn't even a graph, but actually closer to the text for an experienced programmer. Most people will have had exposure to formulas at school, so they might well prefer to see something closer to the traditional text form of the source code, but with tools to guide them to entering that like the "Insert Equation" that's been in Word for decades - so for instance, you might insert a divide symbol and then fill in the two boxes, etc.

The point is that both code as text and code as a graph can both be used to express the same AST at the end of the day, and people should be able to use whichever make most sense to them or makes them most productive. The tricky part then comes when people have chosen to format their code or layout their graph in a particular way that adds meaning and aids understanding of the graph / source code without actually affecting the AST. I'm specifically talking about formatting here rather than comments, which is a similar problem of how you you would build a code comment to a specific part of the tree in a graphical view, and likewise graphical views might have "visual sections" of the graph that don't necessarily map neatly to a linear sequence of source lines.