skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
I would say that the first-order Cybernetics (as exemplified IMO in Ashby's book) is all about symbolic formalism for "circular loops in causality", and that Second-Order Cybernetics is a species of mysticism (I hasten to add that I don't mean that in a derogatory way. I'm a Mystic myself.)

You could imagine a spectrum from logic to cybernetics to philosophy to mysticism. It's all fine, just I believe that it's important to be clear where on the spectrum you're working. If you want to build machines that do things use Cybernetics and feedback/control theory, if you want to grok reality and self eat a mushroom and read "Gödel, Escher, Bach" or Tao Te Ching.

In re: "Laws of Form", yeah, he identifies the boundary or distinction between the mystic realm (non-form, non-distinct, non-dual) and symbolic logic, and then builds a lovely binary Boolean logic directly off of that. It's a tour de force.

The really interesting thing is that George Spencer-Brown figured out how to deal with circular logical systems by introducing the concept of imaginary Boolean values.

It's a formal system for symbolic logic, and you can indeed build a lovely and efficient SAT solver with it using Bricken's Basis. E.g.:
https://ariadne.systems/pub/~sforman/Thun/notebooks/Correcet...

(For reference, here's the LoF/Bricken formalism)

Arithmetic

(()) =
()() = ()

Calculus

A((B)) = AB
A() = ()
A(AB) = A(B)

(That third rule in the calculus, discovered by Bricken, is the kicker!)

cf. "The Markable Mark" George Burnett-Stuart
http://www.markability.net/
GBS (not GSB, they're two different people) has managed to extend the system to Predicate Logic as well!

William Bricken's home page:
https://wbricken.com/

His Iconic Math Page (a wonderland!)
https://iconicmath.com/

To sum up, we need symbolic formalism to communicate and build machines, otherwise we're just sort of reading poetry to each other, which can still be helpful, but in a different way than building machines. (And when I say machines in the context of Cybernetics I mean to include those made out of people! "Human use of Human Beings", eh?)

As an aside, there is a fascinating talk and book "My Stroke of Insight: A Brain Scientistʼs Personal Journey" by Dr. Jill Bolte Taylor:

> In it, she tells of her experience in 1996 of having a stroke in her left hemisphere and how the human brain creates our perception of reality and includes tips about how Dr. Taylor rebuilt her own brain from the inside out.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/My_Stroke_of_Insight

https://youtu.be/UyyjU8fzEYU (TED Talk)

When "Laws of Form" talks about the beginning of logic from the pre-logical non-distinct or non-distinguished realm, the "mark" that divides the world into A and Not-A, it turns out to be quite literal, purely biological: the brain does it. When the part of her brain that "does logic" was rendered inoperative due to the stoke she was having, she reports an inability to tell herself from the world around her accompanied by oceanic bliss...

Mysticism is real, you just can't talk about it. The very first chapter of the Tao Te Ching says it right off: the Tao that can be talked about is not the Tao.
Has someone ever tried both Rancher Desktop and OrbStack on macOS?

I love OrbStack but I never heard of Rancher Desktop before, maybe I should try it
Number of Pedestrians Killed by Drivers Remains Vexingly High
> What? That totally isn't true.

That's literally true. There's even a word for it: Aufstocken.

Are you saying Bürgergeld is too high? That the standard of a living wage should be lower than Bürgergeld currently is? How do you define a "living wage" then?

You say minimum wage is (too?) high, taxes are "drastically" too high and social spending is "drastically" too high. What does that mean? What tax rates per bracket would you find acceptable? How much lower should Bürgeld be or which group of current recipients should be excluded from it? Or what other social welfare programmes are you thinking of that should be cut?

It's easy to say that "social spending" is too high if you look at a context-free aggregate value. But what do you actually envision when you say that you think it should be "drastically" cut?
(This comment was posted before we changed the URL from https://cacm.acm.org/blogcacm/technical-marvels-part-3-the-y...)
I remember Google suggesting that everyone use common libraries hosted by a shared CDN and then suggesting de-ranking slow websites and I think that’s what led to widespread adoption of this pattern.

The only reason I stopped using third-party hosted libraries was because it wasn’t worth the trouble. Using subresource integrity makes it safe but it was part of the trouble.
This looks great, will be giving it a shot today. Not to throw cold water on the release, but I have been look at different RAG platforms. Anyone have any insight into which is the flagship?

It really seems like document chunking is not a problem that can be solved well generically. And RAG really hinges on which documents get retrieved/the correct metadata.

Current approaches around this seem to be using a ReRanker, where we fetch a ton of information and prune it down. But still, document splitting, is tough. Especially when you start to add transcripts of video that can be a few hours long.
>Yes that is unfortunate. Safari had the option to toggle JavaScript via Shortcut until recently, but it was removed. The only browser I know which can easily toggle JavaScript now is Brave.

There's a Firefox Addon[0] for that.

[0] https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/javascript-to...
Fold-outs are the worst. I'm building a magazine encyclopedia and magazines are chock-full of weird inserts and fold-outs that never appear in any scans. I am trying to build an archive of all the physical magazines so that at some point people can go through and check them against the scans to see what's missing.

Scanning systems are set up generally to only scan "regular" media without any surprises.
This is great feedback! Will work on adding this soon.
All are pressure fed. A pump generates pressure. It's common to test engine components without pumps using high pressure vessels in lieu of pumps. The E Complex at Stennis Space Center specializes in this approach.
- ""Stranded in space" implies a lot of immanent danger that just doesn't seem to be there."

That's fair too.

(Just FYI: "immanent" is a really cool word, but I think you intended a less philosophical one, "imminent").

https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/immanent#English
Yea, most of tech is not human size anymore. Still, some things can be repurposed in high tech workshop with a lot of skill. For example Optical Pickup Unit from Blu ray for laser scanning microscope.
The CLI is the "light mode".
Please don't cross into personal attack, no matter how mistaken another commenter is or you feel they are.

https://news.ycombinator.com/newsguidelines.html
Researchers Prove Rabbit AI Breach by Sending Email to Us as Admin
What's the power consumption on that ?seems like its more expensive to run than a gpu, but if you're not doing it often i guess it's not worth upgrading.
Introducing tuition fees is also firmly on the "other side of the coin", for many people that I speak to. And for me personally, the Regulation of Investigatory Powers Act is a huge misstep with ongoing repercussions.

Like the other commenter, I think that his interventions in the NHS were potentially short-sighted and ultimately more damaging than they were worth. It feels to me that rigorous performance metrics and PFIs contributed - along with subsequent under-funding by Tory governments - to running it into the ground.

I will concede however that the minimum wage and Good Friday Agreement are big wins!
Isn't the US Supreme Court a great example of how fragile "legislating via court is"? We just had Roe v Wade revisited, whereas if it was a law introduced in congress it would have been far more difficult to remove. There was the chance all along to introduce it as a law, but "hey we have Roe vs Wade, we don't need to"
Very interesting! Makes me think of the barbed wire telephone networks -

https://www.atlasobscura.com/articles/barbed-wire-telephone-...
It’s good even if compared to Linux. Not perfect, but certainly not bad.
> in such cases where someone made you lets say give a OTP/password and got your money transferred out.

An easy prevention against this is to remind everyone to never, ever disclose personal details over the phone. Especially when someone else, even a loved one, solicits you for them. This was a problem pre-AI, it will get worse post-AI, but the general mistake is still avoidable. Teach people what to avoid and they will avoid it accordingly.
But ... "merit", you know, the (in theory) mechanism by which quality (ie. "non-worse") products gain market share, ergo increasing revenue? (Seriously wondering).-
I will admit that Pico 8 is probably the most fun dev environment I've found since Flash. It doesn't give me the same "anything is possible" feeling Flash did, but that might just be because I'm more jaded and not a child anymore (as my quickly receding hairline keeps reminding me of!).

I do think that Flash was more fun for me just because it was "animation-first", instead of "programming first". It felt like I could easily make "real" cartoons, and then make a game out of it, instead of trying to bolt on a bunch of PNGs into a gaming framework. I know it wasn't for everyone, but for a kid like me, it was kind of magic.
Show HN: Send and split money between various payment apps
Hi HN! I am a 17-year old high school co-founder and I'm building an app that lets people effortlessly send and split payments between PayPal, Cash App, and Venmo (more platforms coming soon)! I initially came across this problem when I ran a Minecraft server with my friends in freshman year of high school. As our server size grew, we had to worry about how we were going to split the monthly bill. Some of my friends had PayPal, others only had Cash App, and ultimately, it was a hassle when collecting money from everyone. This led to me building PayBridge Technologies.

With PayBridge you can seamlessly transfer money between various payment apps without the hassle of multiple logins or steps. We also provide a centralized location where you can easily visualize who has paid you and with what payment method.

Right now transactions are slower (for verification purposes), but we are actively working on automating them to make them instant.

Start bridging today!

Quick demo of a transaction: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3BRBuEt6wdA
True, good points. But I would prefer that the land is then used for plant-based food for people instead of (as I recall) 60% for feeding the animals for meat export.
Meta:

>Downvoting a well made argument simply because you disagree with it leads to groupthink and a lack of discourse.

Agreed. I railed against this for several years, then the HN operators (pg himself IIRC) said downvoting for disagreement was right.

I absolutely agree with you, but the people running the site encourage using downvoting to show disagreement.
SCOTUS Rules That US Government Can Continue Talking to Social Media Companies
Someone who can show specific harm. Like, during COVID, the government was saying to do X. There were social media posts saying "X could harm you". The government asked the social media companies to suppress those posts. You did X and suffered harm. You have standing.
cdk8s + TypeScript is my favorite option.

Here's how I use it: https://github.com/shepherdjerred/homelab/tree/main/cdk8s

https://github.com/cdk8s-team/cdk8s
Are the hospitals allowed to charge for the organs somewhere? In most e.g. European and other public healthcare countries you can't really even buy the operation, let alone the organ.

But yes, having private organizations as middlemen is not good. That's why my organs will not be put to use when I die.
The soul of UNIX is to create a confused and in some cases unparseable text-based format from what was already structured data.
Yes! Maybe I’m always expecting the wrong thing with Podman Desktop, but I can’t ever get it to work the way I expect it to - on Windows or Mac.

Rancher Desktop, however, has been a breeze. Same with using Lima.[0]

With Lima:

limactrl create template://docker

[0] https://lima-vm.io/
Phil Hartman was a true artist. The Ronald Reagan SNL skit where he's planning with his White House staff and generals and he's on top of every detail while everyone else can't keep up with him, that skit is superb. It is the most flattering portrayal of a US president that SNL has ever done, even though he's talking about doing shady stuff like funding the Contras. It's flattering because when I saw it as a kid I really buy Hartman's performance that Reagan crushes his tasks.
Related. Others?

APL Demonstration (1975) [video] - https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=32118279 - July 2022 (1 comment)

APL Demonstration (1975) [video] - https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=21104698 - Sept 2019 (51 comments)

APL Demonstration From 1975 [video] - https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=7817593 - May 2014 (7 comments)

APL demonstration 1975 [video] - https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=6155639 - Aug 2013 (1 comment
Good intuition and thank you! :) Not sure if this is a good fit for you, but you could consider using the partitioning built into Postgres to split one large logical table with all your games into a "hot" partition containing the currently running games and a "cold" partition containing your finished games.

https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/ddl-partitioning.htm...
Battery prices are going down. Solar prices are going down. Wind prices are going down. Nuclear mostly is going sideways. This is also reflected by deployment, where renewables are on an exponential (logistic) curve and nuclear isn’t. Even in China, where nuclear is growing fastest, the curves look like this: https://www.evwind.es/2024/01/13/nuclear-energy-remains-far-...

TL;DR if fast deployment of low carbon sources is what you want, nuclear definitely is not the answer.
It needs write-ahead logging and better transaction isolation before it can be taken seriously for high transaction volume environments. Neat concept, though.
I still have a Mac Mini on my desk in my home office, regardless of the laptops. If I were into crunching 192 gigabytes of numbers at a time, I’d get myself a Mac Studio.

At least until someone makes an MI300A workstation.
That is wrong - while you need the insurance to be eligible, the governments finances most of the unemployment payout. It is a hybrid model.

The insurance premium is also entirely tax deductible and nowhere enough to cover the scheme - the scheme which is highly regulated, well, because the government pays for it.
Bridge recombination enables next-generation genome design
Ten years ago your concern might be valid but in 2024, given that most people in the developed economies have ample amount of 4g/5g data plans with generous RAM/storage on their mobile phones, it makes more sense to just send them the whole DB once.

This is the same spirit as Electron vs native. Of course native uses less ram and is efficient but its not noticeable by the end user (because they dont care how its built). So we let developers write desktop apps in HTML/JS and end users do not notice usually until they open up task manager

We have abundance of data, memory, storage that continually drops in cost. It makes a lot of sense to simply download the DB once and then access it locally with optional syncing.

This is the future because we can't count on mobile phones to continuously maintain connectivity especially with limited data plans. Far better to simply allocate % of your fixed data plan and decide which local first app to install on your phone.
Idgaf if they're round-tripping the equivalent to mars and back weekly, the fact of the matter is their tech cannot perform at the level of a human driver who's had their license for a week, by their own admission. No amount of argle-bargle changes that as the autonomy levels are very well-defined and Waymo self-reports as L4 under optimal conditions and no clear path to L5 in sight in the next decade. Let's not confuse a legislative fuckup on the part of cdot with actual technical prowess yeah?
>“Singaporean banks are the post-FATCA Swiss banks.”

What does that even mean?
Updating Clip to Prefer Descriptions over Captions
I feel like Haxe is more of a replacement for Flex and Flash. I like Haxe, I think it's pretty neat, but Flash was cool to me because of the animation and drawing tools that I could later add code to.

Flex was cool because it gave you a more traditional framework for making Flash apps (XML-based layouts and forms and remoting stuff), but I found it only about 1/8th as fun as Flash, because it felt more like "boring" programming, which is still fun, just not as fun to me as drawing cartoons.
And have them forcibly harvested, without payment, whilst you're not looking if you didn't read the small print when browsing a website! /s
does your calculation include the carbon needed for all the concrete in the nuclear plants? does your calculation include the carbon needed for mining and refining the uranium in the reactor? does your calculation include the carbon needed for all the plant operators to drive their ICE vehicles to the plant every day? does your calculation include the mining needed for long term storage?

Play enough games and throw no real numbers around and you can argue everything isn't renewable then. Are you really arguing that the lubrication needed for a turbine makes its overall carbon impact the same as natural gas or oil?

Also, good job showing your ignorance of the Texas grid. ERCOT isn't asking people to conserve electricity at the moment buddy. Real-time spot prices are $24.65/MWh. We're nowhere near the committed capacity. There's lots of electricity available. Maybe save your comments for things you actually understand?
The swirl isn't really an essential part of the rocket design, but ports for thermocouples (i.e, temperature sensors).
For basic dev container stuff, I switched to podman and I'll not go back to Docker. It works great and it being daemonless is just a cherry on top.
So, no, it's not obvious. Where I live that would be some combination of the county and the the town, given the Registrar of Deeds is a county position and things like property tax and liens are handled at the town level. And the county really just handles some legal matters and doesn't collect any taxes so that sort of means the state.

To quote a previous comment it's all a bit of a mess. "All" you need to do is revamp property record keeping across the US and title insurance would be less of a big deal.
After reading the article it seems to be on the right track. Banning markets for user data seems like a great first step.
Sipser is one of the best textbooks of all time from any field
I relate really strongly to this and your original reply. I worked as hard as I could and kept my head down for decades, I guess secretly hoping I’d be appreciated but never advocating or looking out for myself because I felt worthless and had a lot of self-hate. It wasn’t until I started therapy, especially EMDR and spravato, that I was able to identify and work on past traumas that were driving this behavior. Obviously I don’t know if that’s the case here, but if so I’d really recommend seeking treatment, because you deserve a peaceful and good life.
The literature is divided. I will point out most of the people you are sharing are not econometricists by trade. And these articles are mostly just saying that a lot of the cost is due to middlemen.

Here is an extremely recent study by one of the most famous econometricists out there:

https://www.nber.org/papers/w32606#fromrss
I’ve had many friends who were into right-wing politics who got attracted to Amway. For instance a childhood friend in the 1980s had parents who were trying to get vouchers or a tax break for sending kids to private school and we’d go visit people who lived at Hampton beach and would drive down to Massachusetts to picket abortion clinics. They tried to get my parents to join Amway.

Another friend was a leader in the College Republicans in the early 1990s and a member of the John Birch society. He “drew circles” to show me how many people got a cut when I bought a $7 tube of toothpaste and concluded with “How does Amway deliver a great product at a low price? [taps presentation board with stick] By eliminating the middleman!”

Amway has always targeted this demographic and I’d say it has the ideological function of vaporizing private enterprise and pushing the idea that anybody can pull themselves up by their bootstraps but the reality is that it is more unequal than the economy as a whole because only a tiny fraction of people can make a profit in Amway.

There are other MLMs, particularly those who recruit women, who have different appeals.
I use web hooks now and they work really well for asynchronous situations. Spinning up a base app in node to do this is super simple and much easier to maintain than doing it in a kafka message bus.

Nice to see so many developers owning up to the "resume building" and being pragmatic about solving human/business problems versus technology for the sake of it.
Yeah -- if you knew whose fence you were connected to then you could identify the line and to whom you would be ringing when you connected your phone to it.
The analogy is that there are things that can't be sold and bought. Which is for many people starting to be an incomprehensible concept because of the totalitarian market ideology of our time.
1. I don't see how a zoonotic vs lab leak origin should really impact containment efforts. If it had been a lab leak and Chinese officials knew, I don't see how or why they would have been more open to outside help.

2. The first death from the virus was in January and it was less than 2 weeks later the first confirmed case was in the US. I think we forget how fast this thing went from novel pneumonia in Wuhan to potential world-wide pandemic. Maybe a head start on shutting down the borders would have delayed things a bit, but there would have been zero appetite to shut down everything in January 2020.

3. There absolutely were conspiracy theories that undermined efforts to contain Covid. E.G. the vaccine heralded end times and was the mark of the beast, or people would start dropping dead from the vaccine and it was part of the Great Reset etc. Or that the bans on gatherings were intended to stop religion, Covid didn't even really exist and it was part of a plan to institute a new world order, etc.
I'd like to know this too. A quick: "take these docs as input, ingest and save, now sit there providing an API to get results" service guide.
OpenSource-AI: Drop-in replacement for OpenAI using open-source models
Hi guys -

We built an open-source AI SDK (Python & JavaScript)that provides a drop-in replacement for OpenAI’s chat completion endpoint.

Let us know what you think so we can make switching as easy as possible and get more folks on open-source.

If you haven't seen us here before, we're PostgresML, an open-source MLOps platform built on Postgres. We bring ML to your data(base) rather than the other way around. We're incredibly passionate about keeping AI truly open. So we needed a way for our customers to easily move off of OpenAI's closed models. Especially now that there are better performing models, anyways.

You can check out the doc linked or the blog post from when we first released it, but here's the git diff:

- from openai import OpenAI + from pgml import OpenSource AI

- client = OpenAI(openai_api_key=openai_api_key) + client = OpenSourceAI(database_url=database_url)

messages = [{"role": "system", "content" : "You are a helpful assistant"}, {"role": "user", "content" : "What is 1+1?"}]

- response = client.chat.completions.create(..) + response = client.chat_completions_create(..)

- return response.choices[0].message.content + return response["choices"][0]["message"]["content"]