skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
https://fastest.engineer
There is a right to be a fully participating member of society, and right now you pretty much have to own/use some sort of smartphone for that. An old IPhone is not high-class anymore but might still be usable.
My point is only that unless you are using a hygienic macro system the idea that you are manipulating code in your macro is a (often white) lie. Code has semantics, a meaning, and unless the object you manipulate carries those semantics with it (that is, the syntax objects of eg `syntax-case`) you're just manipulating some data which has a necessarily superficial relationship with the code itself. Picolisp resolves this by simple "eliminating" lexical scope, which means that code really is trivially related to its denotation since the semantics of variable binding really are just "whatever is currently bound to this variable." Scheme resolves this by having syntax-transformations instead of macros: functions which genuinely manipulate syntax objects which carry along with them, among other things, information about their lexical context. Common Lisp accepts that most of the issues arising from the distinction between code itself and its nude denotation can be worked around and provides the tools to do that, but in Common Lisp one still transforms the denotation of the code, not the code itself. From my point of view, if one is purely interested in the aesthetics of the situation, the Scheme approach is much more satisfactory. From a practical point of view, it doesn't seem to be particularly onerous to program in, although the macros in scheme seem to lack the immediate intelligibility of the Common Lisp ones.
The author mentioned AI, so of course it's exciting. /s
> It is the last "true lisp" that I am aware of -- it has an ultra-minimalist interpreter (hand-written in assembly, by the way) that actually represents programs as linked lists.

Strange, I thought many Lisp systems still have source level list-based interpreters. For Common Lisp I would think: SBCL (optional), CLISP, Allegro CL, LispWorks, ECL, ... They can also compile code. Compiling Lisp code was also already available in the first Lisp implementations and having a compiler was an explicit goal of the original implementors.

Let's use the LispWorks Listener (the REPL tool):

CL-USER 25 > (defun foo (bar) (break) (print (list :hello bar)))
FOO

CL-USER 26 > (foo 10)

Break.
1 (continue) Return from break.
2 (abort) Return to top loop level 0.

Type :b for backtrace or :c <option number> to proceed.
Type :bug-form "<subject>" for a bug report template or :? for other options.

CL-USER 27 : 1 > :bq

INVOKE-DEBUGGER <- BREAK <- FOO <- EVAL <- CAPI::CAPI-TOP-LEVEL-FUNCTION <- CAPI::INTERACTIVE-PANE-TOP-LOOP
<- MP::PROCESS-SG-FUNCTION

CL-USER 28 : 1 > :n
Call to INVOKE-DEBUGGER

CL-USER 29 : 1 > :n
Call to BREAK

CL-USER 30 : 1 > :n
Interpreted call to FOO

CL-USER 31 : 1 > :lambda
(LAMBDA (BAR) (DECLARE (SYSTEM::SOURCE-LEVEL #<EQ Hash Table{0} 81D03EFF03>)) (DECLARE (LAMBDA-NAME FOO)) (BREAK) (PRINT (LIST :HELLO BAR)))

The debugger output of the currently running function looks like a linked list to me. I could modify it destructively, if I wanted.

LispWorks has a list-level interpreter. One can also compile code.

Typically Lisp interpreters tend to be written in C, since that usually is more portable than Assembler.

> On the downside, this is all of course completely unchecked and pretty unsafe, and, to come back to the original point, you do not have such conveniences as lexical scoping.

I would expect from a typical Lisp interpreter (a source level list-based interpreter) that it does all kinds of runtime checks and also provides lexical scoping. If there is a clojure, then this closure would be a combination of some function and an environment. In standard Common Lisp there is no access to that environment, but I could look from an inspector into it:

CL-USER 54 > (defun example (a) (lambda () (break) (print a)))
EXAMPLE

CL-USER 55 > (example 10)
#<anonymous interpreted function 8020001A59>

CL-USER 56 > (describe *)

#<anonymous interpreted function 8020001A59> is a TYPE::INTERPRETED-FUNCTION
Code (LAMBDA NIL (BREAK) (PRINT A))
Environment ((A . 10) (#:SOURCE-LEVEL-ENVIRONMENT-MARKER FUNCTION NIL . #<EQ Hash Table{0} 81D03EFF03>) (#:FUNCTOR-MARKER LAMBDA (A) (DECLARE (SYSTEM::SOURCE-LEVEL #<EQ Hash Table{0} 81D03EFF03>)) (DECLARE (LAMBDA-NAME EXAMPLE)) (LAMBDA NIL (BREAK) (PRINT A))))

As we can see, the interpreted closure has code a list and an environment, where A = 10.
> History tells us that the institutions with laws, guns, judges and a monopoly on violence rules over "smart people" who just make phones.

The real problem is that some of these mega-corporations can drag things out so long legally that the end result barely matters. :(
You are saying duopoly when it isn't one i.e. Apple has 30% share.

https://gs.statcounter.com/vendor-market-share/mobile/europe
> Is this about China, or the U.S.?

There is a global contraction in VC and Growth funding. This has over-impacted Tech and Biotech.

VC and Growth Funds are used as a diversification method by institutional investors (the actual moneymakers), and they've begun moving to other financial instruments now that interest rates are higher.

Finally, this is more China specific, but Western capital was always a significant player in the Chinese tech scene. It was investors like Tiger Global, SoftBank, Golden Gate Ventures, Sequoia, etc who were major market makers in the Chinese scene. They've all began divesting from the Chinese markets in the 2019-20 period when rules around Chinese dual-listings were shored up by Chinese and American regulators, making it hard for investors to make a return on Chinese investments.

All this has lead to a much more difficult tech market globally and I don't see it recovering anytime soon. This is the new normal - 2017-2022 was a fantasy time.

> Now, as growth stutters and share prices suffer — China’s top five publicly traded tech companies have collectively lost about $1.3tn in market value from their peak levels in 2021
> We have employees who prefer to enjoy life, who put life first and work second — I can understand not wanting to work hard, everyone makes different choices . . . so I can only say that you are not our brother, you are a passer-by,” Liu told attendees, according to a recording posted on social media. “We should not be working together”.

And people wonder why birthrates are collapsing.
What does it matter if he got paid?
Russia that knows that China and India will not accept a nuclear first use in an offensive war. More than that, nuking Ukraine would also the drive everyone else still dealing with Russia far far away, probably even Iran. Also, if Russia uses nukes to get a favourable deal, presumably involving conquering some parts of Ukraine, why would they nuke the land they plan to loot?
Out of React, Vue & Svelte I much prefer Svelte's approach since its the closest you can get to vanilla javascript. But I suppose we're getting pretty off topic at this point.
Your comment gets the cake. The guy just expressed surprise at how zoning works in California and he is absolutely right. Your comment sounds like you didn’t read through.
And then calling that C API, that Vulkan shader with a broken SPIR-V driver, the automated router firmware update done overnight, just brings down all the hard verification work, done in an external tool.
Hmmm, I've just been using apt and the dpkg-* tools (ie dpkg-query), and for my uses it's been fine. :)
From a broader future perspective I try to take into account that there might be a war between the west and east which would cut the west out of a lot of resources which in this specific perspective would be wise to have been accumulated until then.
In some cases a monopoly is needed or wanted, like in credit card cases you don't want a million credit card types that all work in different subsections. In such cases regulations are to prevent such companies from having too much influence and bottlenecking everything else with high prices or forcing their own other products. EU already did this with credit cards.
Some people have actually had good luck with Oracle Linux but that’s very much an individual (or corporate) choice to consider.

Aside from that, Rocky Linux also seems like a great choice for many: https://rockylinux.org/

Some also say that AlmaLinux is pretty good: https://almalinux.org/

Personally, I found RPM distros to be quite stable but have largely moved over to Ubuntu LTS for servers (technically Debian also has a LTS release, but it’s not as mainstream) and Linux Mint locally (largely Ubuntu without focus on snaps and the Cinnamon desktop is pleasant), it’s been working pretty well so far.

Then again, I run most software in Docker containers, so thankfully underlying OS changes usually aren’t too bad for me to deal with.
Looks like Red hat might be soon coming.
It sounds like the root cause is a damaged plist file.

The question there is, what damaged it? An update or a third party app?

Case in point:

Sophos recently decided to mark a file used by Tableau as malicious that totally took our Tableau instance down. The file was a few years old and hadn’t changed in eons.

We had no idea why our Tableau server died at the time (or rather when we had to restart it to update the license) - it was only when our security manager informed me he’d seen the event in his Sophos console that it made sense.

Right up until then it had been assumed it was a Tableau issue.

Turned out it was a Sophos problem instead.

Not saying that this issue with the clock is a related issue, rather than it’s easy to blame the affected system when there may be other, external issues, to be looked at.
Think about it this way, yeah, Boeing is powerful and part of the MIC.

But if you're top dog, would you want your flunkies making bad guns (just an example) when your country is concerned about a potential war with a peer?

No, you'd put them in line.
People got sued last time they copied apple's rectangle
Everything search is the most befuddling one. The delta between Everything and the built-in Windows search can only be described as monumental. A vast gulf. They do not even deserve to be mentioned in the same sentence. Just fucking buy the thing and integrate it, what could they possibly be thinking?
See GDPR side effect of annoying banners everywhere even if I don't give a damn about my website visits information being processed, for how unintended consequences played out and made the web worse for everyone.

For DMA specifically, see Apple withholding Screen Mirroring (a feature I would enjoy tremendously) from EU for fear (IMHO quite reasonable) that the vaguely written DMA could be interpreted as requiring them to open mirroring to 3rd parties.

It's been just a few months and already DMA impacted my enjoyment of my devices, no?
There are tools available for direct formal analysis of the system as implemented (and not “just” a model of it).

With e.g. the C bounded model checker CBMC, your model language is also C. Frama-C is another approach (Hoare-like, axiomatic logic). Klee works on LLVM IR etc.

Stronger proponents would perhaps suggest extracting the implementation from the model etc., but you don’t have to drink all the koolaid at once to get many of the benefits.

And not all your software needs to be formalized either, to get many of the benefits.

I’ved succesfully used CBMC and Klee on C code for verifying important parts of embedded safety/mission critical software on resource constrained HW (i.e. no OS, static allocation, single to double digit kilobytes of RAM etc.)

Formal methods rock!
CEOs often justify their large pay packets by the massive responsibility they shoulder. I wonder if this would extend to going to prison.
> want to be pro-war, pro-profit, pro-death & destruction

Wat. I said Boeing is comprehensible and able to be held accountable. I also think they should, and will, be criminally charged, and that those charges carry material risk of bankruptcy. You, on the other hand, cast Boeing as a mythical beast unable to be comprehended much less checked.

We’re not discussing war and peace. But between those arguments, I’m not sure how you pull off this pivot.
The trick is to examine the packaging and see where they were manufactured, if they were made in Japan then you know they are from the Eneloop factory because that's the only AA/AAA manufacturer in Japan, and if they're made anywhere else then they are from some other mystery supplier. I think IKEA dual sources LADDA from Japan and China now so you have to check.
https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=16312317 - "A C89 compiler that produces executables that are also valid ASCII text files"

http://tom7.org/abc/

The paper for SIGBOVIK 2017 is both a text file and an executable.
The real info in this thread is in the flagged and dead comments that were removed by moderation "for your safety". To see those you need to be both logged in and have showdead set to "yes" in your settings.
Speak for yourself! I like buying F-18s off of eBay.
Force Spotify to actually implement the APIs they complain Apple doesn't provide for them.

They seem to hold off specifically to have something to complain about.
> Trump has been a businessman in New York City for decades and was never prosecuted criminally for anything until he entered politics.

Objection, nonresponsive.

> even CNN’s legal commentator Elie Honig called “unjustified.”

I had to look up Elie Honig, whose name didn't ring a bell.

Another fact: When NYC DA Alvin Bragg initially elected not to bring the charges against Trump, two of his prosecutors in charge of the investigation resigned. CNN's reporting indicated that the internal debate, among prosecutors in the DA's office, wasn't whether it'd be proper to bring charges — that much seemed to be largely agreed, at least by most of the prosecutors — but whether doing so would be a waste of time and taxpayer money, given the need for a unanimous jury verdict and the expected credibility attacks by Trump's lawyers against key prosecution witness Michael Cohen. [0].

[0] https://www.cnn.com/2022/03/06/politics/trump-manhattan-dist...
In the short term that would impact their stock price way too much; I don't think they would pull that trigger.

In the long term this stance will become untenable if other regions come to the same conclusions. Anti-competition investigations against Apple are currently running in:

- US (https://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/justice-department-sues-apple...)

- UK (https://www.gov.uk/cma-cases/investigation-into-apple-appsto...)

- Japan (https://english.kyodonews.net/news/2024/06/bc2d7f45d456-japa...)

Australia (https://www.accc.gov.au/media-release/new-competition-laws-n...) and India (https://www.reuters.com/technology/google-amazon-apple-lobby...) will follow soon.
The Chomskyan idea that has been "debunked" or at least has little credibility as a theory of language, is his syntax models. Syntactic Structures was a formidable influence on linguistics, but it (and the models that follow from it) do not connect well to the way "the brain" processes language. One of the underlying ideas behind Universal Grammar, namely that parts of language acquisition and processing have a biological base, is not debunked.

That both Chomsky and AI proponents can rub people the wrong way, doesn't help the debate, indeed.
That's what I don't understand: what price can't I discover? Things like: how much Netflix costs, or how much something on Amazon costs, or how much a NYT subscription costs? I'm struggling to think of an example of what you're saying.
In the States, "Ladies Night" has traditionally required a skirt for free entrance but presumably hasn't discriminated against kilts or sarongs.
It may be perceived that showing the right advertisements or showing pictures of cats isn't mission critical, and even just a toy. However, when massive amounts of personal information is being collected and shared by such applications I would say they're pretty important.
>Nobody I know wants to do the same for electric vehicles, they are simply too dangerous.

No offense but this is just wrong

https://www.reuters.com/business/autos-transportation/dead-e...
Printing CSS doesn't get enough love. The ability to easily create a PDF for later, or to simply print the blog post on a piece of paper to read it outdoors is something I value.

Also, I'm confused about some points. For example, is progress meter really necessary? I mean, isn't the scrollbar a good indicator for the progress?
if i am curious about something and want to learn, i don't want to need to sift through jokes and sarcastic comments. i find joy in learning and people can still be informative and use humor.
I think Kernel is the other side of the extreme from Picolisp, since it wants all objects to be first class but wishes to maintain lexical scope information for all of them. I think this is hard because in a certain sense the names of things in a program have no natural correspondence to the meaning of the program from the point of view of a compiler writer in particular. Code calculates a value using values or changes the state of memory or however you want to conceive of it. The names one used to tell the compiler how to do that don't have any obvious relation to the transformation and keeping them around so that the programmer can meta-program is complex and makes the generated code slower. In a way, Common Lisp and Scheme seem like two distinct local maxima, out of which I prefer the latter. Kernel is neat though.
Trees require a lot more memory indirections than hashmaps, which makes them slower to traverse. They require a lot more interior pointers, which makes them bigger. It’s easy for a hashmap to beat a tree.
Your very last example kinda supports the thesis up there, considering how it's been going.
Exploring Android Command Line Tools (2020) [pdf]
That at least sounds like it's plausibly for safety reasons, don't go splashing water around the thing plugged into a live socket.

It's much weirder when Apple makes the same design decision for a mouse.
Answers seem to imply the downvotes are for a naïve rather than alternate viewpoint.
Not only that, but evaluate which things actually need to be """smart""". People literally scream at their super smart electronics because it doesn't flip the light switch which would've taken you 2 seconds by hand and wouldn't have sent thousands of bytes over the internet

Edit: I also agree that a clock is a rather bad example (obviously depends on your clock)
OP mostly likely means "weed" like "pest" or "annoyance", i.e. a category of undesirable plants that tend to appear unbidden along with desirable plants. The distinction isn't biological, it's just that when you create a space for growing then things that grow won't all be what you want.

(The term "weed" for marijuana is just a joke derived from that sense of the word.)
Let me guess, conspiracy theories?
disclaimer: cranberryturkey is the author of that framework
Same experience for me.

I'm a TS/JS expert and have been writing JS for 25 years. I have never had as much trouble with inheriting bad code as I have with React, especially after Hooks. It's absolutely insane. It's worse than PHP ever was because at least PHP had no transpilation, tree-shaking, packaging system, or source maps that could go wrong.

I remember an issue where your code would break if certain unrelated lines of code were in the wrong order (despite being semantically identical in JS), but there was no warning or error at the time. I forget the details now, but it was so frustrating that I gave up on React for new projects.
Symbian Developers - quick question, if anyone here remembers. I think I saw something in their API docs a long time ago, that had some sort of pointer compression thing for linked lists, which look interesting at the time. It wasn't XOR linked lists, it was something else IIRC. Please can anyone shed some light on this?
>We saw the same rhetoric on Holmes and Bankman-Fried. Once they were charged [...] It’s a lazy learned helplessness that’s always potentially right because it feeds into a type of cynicism

The gp's key argument for Boeing is based on the "Too Big To Fail" idea. I.e. Boeing's deep relationship with the government.

So far in this subthread, nobody has actually engaged with that specific part of his argument. Mentioning Theranos Holmes and FTX SBF who are _not_ deeply intertwined with the government like Boeing isn't really a counter to that.

The cynicism comes from previous "too big to fail" situations such as 2008 Financial Crisis and nobody from Goldman Sachs, etc going to prison for fraud. Fines and financial settlements as punishments -- yes. But jail time for those bank executives -- no.

It points to a subtle part of gp's comment I think replies are overlooking which is "corporation" vs "employees":

- Boeing Inc the corporate entity may be criminally charged and found guilty. The corporation then pays a punitive fine or settlement. (The proverbial "financial slap on the wrist.")

vs

- actual Boeing employees are found guilty and sent to jail. Gp's "this will go nowhere" frustration is based on this scenario which history has shown to be very unlikely to happen.
React has terrible performance
> wasn't aware one died of a staph infection

You could…correct your comment.
When the markup is external, this is quite common: e.g. shipping, taxes, etc.
https://web.archive.org/web/20240319182434/https://frenck.de...
Oh this is a great list. Thank you. A few things on here that I'm now going to spend the day bringing to my site. I like how you explicitly called out a few things Gwern does. I love that site but hadn't examined closely _why_.

Here is a few additional things not on your list that I love and have implemented on my blog:

- Plain text versions of all posts. Change the file extension on any page on my site from ".html" to ".txt" to view it as plain text (https://breckyunits.com/intelligence.txt). Makes it easy to copy/paste a whole post into an email or Reddit submission

- View source links at the bottom of every page. Every post is 1 file tracked by git, and I put a "View source" link at the bottom of each page. Even the static pages are also one file, and also have a View Source link.

- Clientside full text search - https://breckyunits.com/search.html.

- CSV export. In addition to RSS, you can download my site as CSV (https://breckyunits.com/posts.csv).

- Keyboard nav. Use the left/right arrow keys to navigate through pages on my site.

- Helpful 404s. If you mistype a url, the 404 page compares it to working urls and shows you the closest match. All done using clientside JS (no web server needed). For example: https://breckyunits.com/pcr.html

- Download entire site and read offline. Everything is designed to work fine locally and you can download the whole thing as a zip. (The link is at the bottom of every page)

- Printable. Everything is designed to look decent printed. Nav elements are hidden via CSS when you go to print. I haven't added automatic generation of PDFS yet, but that is on my todo.
Funnily enough, years ago, I migrated from Debian as my daily driver to (at the time) "Fedora Core" on my desktop.

My first question was "what's the replacement for aptitude", and people pointed me to "yum shell". It was not as good, but I got used to it, and went with it.

If you run "aptitude" on debian, without any argument, you end up in a TUI, you can use it to install or remove packages from your system, and then see the "preview" of the change, and apply/cancel the change. The same way people use "yum shell".

I'm used to new "dnf shell", so I don't miss aptitude anymore, but I think aptitude is what you're looking for.
No part of the discussion was even about this. What kind of statement is this to even make? Bizarre.
The gradual increase in regulation and the corresponding size of the government has everything to do with communism. How do you think we have reached 40% in marginal income tax rates?