skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Just google the Red Hill failure.

The Navy's careerist, bureaucratic incompetence is staggering. No better than Putin's generals who looted the military budget and crippled his army so they couldn't even beat a military a fraction of their size.
For implementing it yourself from scratch for learning it is a good idea to first step back and ask how much precision do you need and how fast does it need to be. Also are we talking about just integers, or do you also want fixed point and/or floating point?

If you don't need really huge numbers and you don't need it to be very fast and just need the add, subtract, multiply, and divide (with remainder) on integers there's a decent chance you can write something by just implementing the same algorithms you would use to do it by hand on paper. You

To make is easy to debug you could represent an arbitrary integer as an array of base 10 digits, least significant digit first. E.g., the number 123456 would be represented as [6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1].

Addition and subtraction are pretty straightforward in that representation. Multiplication is more complicated by just follow what you do when you hand multiply and you'll get it. Division is harder but for a project you are doing for learning purposes it is doable.

Once you've got those operations you can improve them by changing to a higher base. For example you might switch to base 1000. Then 123456 would be [456, 123]. Assuming the base is small enough that each digit fits in one machine word addition and subtraction are O(n) and multiplication and division as described above are O(n^2) where n is the number of digits in your operands (let's assume equal sized operands).

Switching from base 10 to base 1000 cuts the number of digits in your numbers by a factor of 3, speeding up addition and subtraction by a factor of 3 and multiplication and division by a factor of 9.

It usually is easy to go up to base whatever fits in half a machine word. For example on a 32-bit processor that would be base 65536. Digits then range from 0 through 65535 and and adding or multiplying a pair of digits will not overflow.

You can also go up to the full machine word for your base but that can be more work. So for a 32-bit machine that would be base 4294967295. You then have to deal with overflow which adds a small amount of extra logic for addition/subtraction. For multiplication you need a 32-bit x 32-bit => 64-bit operation. Many 32-bit processors do have that but it might not be exposed in whatever language you are using.

The above is all stuff you can probably do without any more theory than you can remember from elementary school. Taking it farther you probably want to do some reading. You can get a decent speedup on multiplication by using the Karatsuba algorithm, which speeds up multiplication from O(n^2) to O(n^1.58). Karatsuba is pretty easy and Wikipedia explains it adequately.

An extensive treatment of all of this is in Knuth volume 2. He covers everything from the "do it like you do by hand" up to whatever was state of the art at the time the book was written.
I wouldn't necessarily say you should go out and buy Knuth volume 2, but if you can borrow it from a library or someone you know take a look.
That's a hard ask given the actual training runs are multi-month, and have distinguished pretraining and refinement phases.
While I suspect this may be old news to a lot of the HN crowd, this article interesting information that a lot of people may not know.

I ran a website years ago that was targeted towards college students and would pretty consistently see many (hundreds) different UAs under the same IPv4 address due to NAT. Let alone proxies, VPNs, etc.

Yet every once and a while someone will suggest the idea of rate limiting based on IP so it's definitely not universal knowledge even among developers how common it is for multiple users to share the same IPv4.
Cosmodoc: An exhaustive teardown of a 1992 DOS game
The underlying theory is primary school math if you stay in a decimal fixed point format.

All you have to do is choose the number of decimals you want. Say, half the number of digits of the biggest number that fits your desired size. Half these digits will be for the integral part, the other half for the decimal part. For instance, if you want to store signed fixed point on 32 bits, the highest number in base 10 is 2 billion. That's 9 zeros for you. Say you pick 4 for the decimal part, just multiply your numbers by 10000.

So 1 is 10000. You can use all the regular operators you want on these numbers, just remember to x10000 when storing them, and /10000 when extracting from them. You're really just "computing on tenths of thousands" instead of "computing on ones".

This is obviously wasteful to do that in a decimal base, but it's also trivial, so unless you cannot afford to lose that many digits, stick with it.

When confortable, consider moving to a binary base so that you don't waste as much digits.

Note that it is not _stricly_ mandatory to use fixed point numbers when doing financial computations. Floating point can work just fine, it all depends on what kind of number and computation you have to deal with.

Typically, the need for fixed point arises when

1) You work with really small and large numbers together, these are the most susceptible to be misrepresented as floating points. The best example is if you need to deal with exchange rates to convert between currencies that have widely different bases.

2) You need to chain a lot of operations, which could compound imprécision.

3) You need to store exact numbers of arbitrary precision (e.g. market data)
If we are this bad at predictable heat, we are screwed on unpredictable heat.

1,000 people died. These days, we are so numb to big numbers (Elon Must buys Twitter for $40 billion, and gets $56 billion stock from Tesla!) that it's easy to just gloss over that....

But if a hurricane hit New York, and 1,000 people died in time's Square, it would be declared a major disaster. 1,000 people dead means tens of thousands of people in sadness and mourning.
> Modern medicine has given us this incredible thing, and you’re really going to be like “Naw I don’t know about all that.”

I think that the only actual complaint I've ever heard against Prep is the costs being socialised and covered solely not by the user (ie insurance or public healthcare or whatever). It is (was?) not cheap!
I disagree with your point #2 as it is written. You want to keep you battery close to the temperature at which it is rated. Cycling below that also harms batteries and shortens their life. If you really want to geek out about that, I can recommend for example a talk [1] that was given last week (you can jump to slide 15). The presentation has nice electron microscopy images of the cracking this type of abuse causes in batteries.

[1] https://academy.covalentmetrology.com/wp-content/uploads/Bat...
In the case of prompting, a lot of the work is actually in shaping the context -- typically using data you already have from somewhere else. The prompt really doesn't care about the quoting and parsing would have been done beforehand when the content was acquired.

With respect to mitigating injections, when dealing with user entered prompt fragments, I don't think there's any templating engine that would be able to address this because it's not a standard format like SQL or JavaScript. Typically, we run the input prompt through another prompt first to test for validity of the prompt in the context of the flow and reject the prompt fragment if it's not valid for the context.

Not something a template engine is going to solve.
Would love a low-tech version of this which simply suspends the process and puts all mapped pages in swap (no persistence across reboot ofc). I think it could be used for scheduling large memory-bound jobs whose resource usage is not known in advance.
Ok, that doesn't really work either, because the Apple Intelligence stuff is done on-device.
Ryaltt
Is json a good file format for UI?
In absolute terms, cooler isn't always better.

For example, Tesla has a pre-heat function for their cars' batteries that can be used prior to charging.

https://www.tesla.com/ownersmanual/model3/en_us/GUID-F907200...
Some loads like this one are so heavy that you just can't defeat their inertia, hence why you go slowly and have a large escort. It couldn't be stopped that quickly just due to the nature of the load.

At some point if you're getting behind the wheel of a vehicle on the road, you have some responsibility yourself. If you're not looking where you're going at all and drive into the path of a heavily-escorted million-plus-pound load and it ends up crushing you because of the sheer physics of the situation, that's on you. There's a hundred other more likely ways to kill yourself on the road if you're not looking where you're going, that don't involve such unusual cargo.

And also, from looking at the photos of the scene, it looks like the driver may have turned quickly to attempt to avoid the crash, and the load continued on of its own inertia and overturned the entire rig, which is an issue caused by top-heavy torque that doesn't care how tightly the load is tied down at all.
If you're on a Mac, you can install the free version of AlDente:

https://github.com/AppHouseKitchen/AlDente-Charge-Limiter

I keep my MBA at 60% since it basically never goes for more than a couple hours within being plugged in.
Honest question: what are the plausible outcomes for an engineer who reports this kind of issue to the IG?

I'm guessing there's a real possibility of it ending his career, at least as a member of the military.
This is fun and interesting:

https://developers.cloudflare.com/workers-ai/tutorials/build...
could you tell me a bit more about what you're doing?
Wonder how old that saying is, since the US is about 250 years old, China is really, really old and EU is only ~30 years old.
You can see some of that path on their website

2022: Announced $20m in VC funding,
April 2024: SpaceWERX contract for $1.7M,
June 2024: Starting to work agreements with NASA

So they are currently on step 2
How does this compare to Flux.ai? https://docs.flux.ai/tutorials/ai-for-hardware-design
The correlation between old hardware stuff and nostalgia is not always as rigid as people on HN tend to think. a lot of stuff like this is made by people born years after the source media(?) (I don't think this is though)
You are not reading the context correctly. The original point was that establishing colonies was very risky, to which whyever implied that colonialism was not a success story. But in fact it was extremely successful from a risk analysis point of view. Some nations chose to risk lives and it paid off quite well for them. The nuance of how the natives were treated is frankly irrelevant to this analysis, because we're asking "did the risk pay off", not "did they do anything wrong".
Cool. Can I take one without my identity and travel patterns being tracked? Like, suppose I want to get picked up from work and dropped off at my girlfriend's house in San Mateo. Something I might not want my soon-to-be-ex's lawyer to be able to subpoena. There's one of those machines onboard that are all over the place in supermarkets where I can feed bills right?

Or maybe not. Okay then, Luxor Cab it is. Cheaper, better conversation, more aggressive about squeezing through traffic, and doesn't violate my privacy.

I'm not against automated taxi services in principle. I'm just not interested if it's a package deal where I have to surrender my physical comings and goings to a scummy data broker like Google.
Not sure i am following the point here. OP mentioned that MacOS is still lagging a gaming OS. To which someone replied that MacOs is agreat game development platform.
I was just pointing out that being a good Os to develop game is very different to being a good OS to play/run games...
Make all your website spinners CD ROMs and play an audio of the spinning up sound.
> Productivity is ultimately the measure of the efficiency of human labor. The more productive workers are, the more free time they’ll have to do whatever it is they want to do to make themselves happy.

Due to the demands for constant economic growth increased productivity does not actually result in more free time, just more economic output.
There is a difference between acting dumb and being a know-it-all.

Someone recently left my team who was a rock star in his own mind. He claimed to know it all, and would go on and on about how everyone else should do their job. The reality was that he didn’t understand the complicities of the issues, any time a team was involved he would try to delegate everything away, anytime there was an issue he was the first to finger point, any time something was difficult he would quit while making excuses that it was not his fault, he only knew one language/framework and saw no reason why anything else would ever be needed/wanted… I could go on.

I’m sure he might sound great in an interview, as he loved to talk himself up and talk about how amazing he was and how stupid everyone else is. In the real world, he was a toxin within our team and no one was sad when he left.

I’m not sure how one would separate a true “rock star” from a delusional wannabe in an interview, other than having a well tuned BS meter.
Good point. Not sure why I thought I was asking some novel question.
Bugatti Reveals New $4.1M Hypercar Dubbed the Tourbillon
I loved this, and, like others, walked through it with my two kids (7,9). They have up at the last page but they seemed to enjoy the process nonetheless!

Good job, would love to see more.
Reminds me of this, an earlier expert-system method for CPU design, which was not used in subsequent designs for some reason: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VAX_9000#SID_Scalar_and_Vector...
Well, you have an anecdote from someone claiming to be from SA saying that’s culturally the perception. Here’s a summary of research [1] on the topic concluding similar reasons (among others):

> Several participants felt that they could stop taking PrEP when the need, as they saw it, had passed. Often this was to do with the nature of their current relationship, for example with a person regarded as unfaithful: “If I find someone that I will be in a relationship with and if he is not faithful, or I have started being unfaithful, then I will come back and get them.”

And

> On the basis of these findings, the authors suggest that take-up and continued use of PrEP is likely to remain subject to established social norms. These norms often relate to gender and they determine, for example, who decides what HIV prevention methods to use, and the extent to which a woman in a relationship might – or might not – be able to make and implement such choices.

Just because something seems logical to you, doesn’t mean that social norms and pressures don’t superseded it. In fact, we even see it in our own cultural with people believing vaccines cause autism, the whole belief that ivermectin cures COVID-19, or flat earthers. What’s really impressive though is you having such a problem with this idea despite overwhelming objective evidence to the contrary being available online and people telling you their lived experience on this very website and you significantly discount the very real possibility that people can be illogical in their strongly held beliefs even if it seems nonsensical to you. If you know nothing about a subject, you’re likely to believe what all your peers tell you which is how misinformation gets a foothold. This misinformation can even come from nowhere. The point is that if enough people believe it, they can get others to believe it to. That’s literally how human belief systems work where beliefs spring out of nothing.

[1] https://www.aidsmap.com/news/sep-2020/why-do-people-southern...
In Defense of Leetcode Interviews
This is the best feature imo. Never again will my time be drained by someone else’s failure to type their spaghetti.
I question some of the figures in this article. It’s hard to believe 1994 is “peak CD”. I’d have expected that to be 1998-9. The PS1 didn’t come out until 1995 and must have represented a huge boost to both CDs and drives sold.

The internet wasn’t a great CD replacement for most people until well after the DVD had already supplanted it.
Wooooooo! Goodbye Lyft and Uber. Honestly, I get a bag driver, use the AI for a while. Feels too sterile, switch back, get some interesting drivers. Waymo has everything going for it but good company. Love it.
Horrible. Why an SX?
Oh I thought it was maybe a bot
Is it just me, or is that just a wood mock-up? That was kinda disappointing to realize.

I look at the image of all those people and wonder: will they have additional "floors" in the real thing? Because all I see is the possibility of someone getting stranded in the middle in zero G, unable to reach a surface to push off of...
They have both. In the demos they were sending select complex tasks out to chatgpt with a large UI alert confirming the data was leaving Apple's walled garden.
Ok, a different question: How do we know that several orders of magnitude past the digits we've calculated so far, Pi (or e, or 2^1/2, or any irrational number) doesn't start repeating (or end), and turn out to be rational.

If an irrational number has to have infinite digits without repeating (or stopping), and we can't calculate infinite digits, how can we ever know that a number is actually irrational? What if it's just an absurdly specific rational number, and we just haven't gotten to the end?
It would seem to me that the majority of boards would be a lot more forgiving. Are you saying you wouldn't be impressed if it could do only say 70% of board designs completely?
Do you call being hacked with ransomware "surviving"?

Or being part of a nefarious botnet "surviving"?

Or accidentally installing keyloggers "surviving"?
Mastodon is great and you’re probably right that it’s as close as we will get.
You're conflating productivity and wealth, and wealth and happiness. These are, you'll forgive me for saying - very American fallacies. The productivity of a country says little to nothing about it's levels of relative and absolute poverty, social inequality, and capacity for social reproduction. Compare say Berlin - an historically 'depressed' city with a smaller economy than most German cities, with any first tier US cities. Free public kitas (similar to kindergarten), decent holiday leave, a significant amount of paid maternity / paternity leave, a large number of parks, excellent public transport, subsidised health care and (until very recently) affordable housing, make raising a family on a moderate wage possible. The overall potential for happiness and observable comfort and stress levels of the population are measurably different from a comparably sized American city where raising a family or living a normal adult life are compromised for a large percentage of the population by the absence of all or most of these things.

> Any society that opts out of seeking labor productivity will eventually see their wealth, living standards, and ultimately happiness decline. There is no way out of that trap.

I'd argue the reverse - any society that privileges productivity over social reproduction and liveable cities will never be able to tame violent crime, achieve real social mobility or provide a safe and enriching environment for a majority of its citizenry.
The replies to this show that it isn't just language models which struggle with the difference between correlation and causality!

Here's the (logically valid but with fictional soundness) example I came up with:

> The Elbonian people (A) are disproportionately tall (B).

> Tall people (B) are disproportionately successful at basketball (C).

> Elbonians (A) are disproportionately unsuccessful at basketball (¬C), because they don't play it.

Edit: in context, I consider a negative correlation to adequately demonstrate the principle, which is that it is invalid to apply implication across a pair of correlations. But if you would prefer, we can substitute this third clause:

> Elbonians (A) are precisely as successful at basketball as the rest of the general population, because despite their natural height, they have no cultural tradition of play, and therefore, tend not to do so.

Your call.
I agree with you, life had significant cogitation hundreds of millions of years before language.
Have you ever suggested that management/leadership should measure productivity by lines of document text written? They might better grok how that’s a bad idea. Especially since many of them much prefer to communicate in bullet-pointed slides than documents.
Considering that 1 Chernobyl scale accident per year would kill fewer people than global coal power does, I personally would be for it.
Smartphones might affect sleep, but not because of blue light
Apple throwing a tantrum like this doesn’t seem like a winning strategy. It’s a giant finger for devs and consumers in Europe.
Also plausible. When something gets reposted, repost previous popular comments. Farming technique popular on reddit.
This is awesome and I hope in-general that a lot more education is done this way, especially with complicated concepts. I wonder if this sort of interactive toy explanation is currently used in classrooms?
It's the other way around. They are worried they will be forced to open their privacy to third parties who could circumvent their privacy controls.
I need to run back-end code when the download link is clicked. Does this solution still hold?
The Democrats in America are highly conservative. Not as conservative as the Republicans, but still very conservative. We don't have a left and a right here, we have a hard right and a center right.
You asked "why would someone hide prep", you got one example. It is by no means an exhaustive list. For example, a big fear is being perceived as having HIV (since prep drugs are also part of HIV treatment).

If you do actually have interest in this topic you could read about it:

https://www.aidsmap.com/news/feb-2020/your-partner-not-angel...

"Men were able to initiate PrEP without discussing it with their partners, whereas some women said they needed to get permission. Discussions around starting PrEP could raise questions about trust and infidelity and act as a barrier to PrEP use."
Dang, joke fail again.

If I can do AI on a computer in my pocket then why are we investing all of this money building AI Factories?
Yeah and we regulate ourself straight into liveable working conditions, public healthcare, paid vacations, parental leaves and all other kinds of really really nasty communist nightmares
Why Scientists Are Intrigued by Air in Mars Sample Tubes
Simple ways to find exposed sensitive information
Some tools I use to actually follow this advice on various devices: I use Chargie devices (chargie.org - no affiliation) to control maximum charge level, and set thermal limits on smartphones and other small devices that can't limit charge internally with software. I also use a Peltier cooled phone holder and charger in the car (about $50 on Amazon), so it keeps the phone cool when charging and processing hard during navigation, and in direct sunlight. On Macbooks I use the free Al Dente app which lets me manage charge level. When I owned an e-Golf EV, I was able to set charge limits through the VW Car-Net app.
Chinese culture is thousands of years old but so is Indigenous American culture.

If we’re talking about modern nation states then China was either founded in 1912 (ROC) or 1949 (PRC), depending on who you ask.
The linked page doesn't link back to its parent page which has dozens more shape-in-shape packages.

https://erich-friedman.github.io/packing/
Seconding the StarRocks project, best performance out there and the community is great. Tons of support.
Apple announced many of the new features are not on-device. There are three categories:

1. On device

2. Private cloud compute (aka Apple’s servers)

3. OpenAI (but only if you approve each time it’s used)

This isn’t really a new thing - you could always tell that some of Apple’s AI features depending on remote servers by disconnecting from the internet, using Siri and seeing how much of it stopped working.