skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
This http://law2.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/galileo/dialog... appears to be an English translation of the fourth and final "day" in the Dialogue. Here's the last thing Simplicio says:

[begins]

You need not make any excuses; they are superfluous, and especially so to me, who, being accustomed to public debates, have heard disputants countless times not merely grow angry and get excited at each other, but even break out into insulting speech and sometimes come very close to blows.

As to the discourses we have held, and especially this last one concerning the reasons for the ebbing and flowing of the ocean, I am really not entirely convinced; but from such feeble ideas of the matter as I have formed, I admit that your thoughts seem to me more ingenious than many others I have heard. I do not therefore consider them true and conclusive; indeed, keeping always before my mind's eye a most solid doctrine that I once heard from a most eminent and learned person, and before which one must fall silent, I know that if asked whether God in His infinite power and wisdom could have conferred upon the watery element its observed reciprocating motion using some other means than moving its containing vessels, both of you would reply that He could have, and that He would have known how to do this in many ways which are unthinkable to our minds. From this I forthwith conclude that, this being so, it would be excessive boldness for anyone to limit and restrict the Divine power and wisdom to some particular fancy of his own.

[ends]

That doesn't seem like it's quite the same as what you're saying you read. Simplicio ends up professing a sort of pious agnosticism about what Galileo is talking about. I don't get any particular sense from this that we're meant to think "oh, hey, Simplicio is much smarter than we were giving him credit for being".

(I do not know enough about any pope's astronomical opinions to have a useful opinion on how closely Simplicio's professed positions match those of the pope, or how likely it is that Galileo was and/or seemed to be making fun of the pope. My highly inexpert impression was that Simplicio wasn't modelled on the pope specifically but on other people with whom Galileo had more of a grudge.)
For retail software yes, but distributing for next to nothing over the internet was also common (depending on the target group) 20 years ago.
Australia can deal with all energy needs with wind/solar. In 5 years Perovskite/Silicon solar cells will get to 35% efficiency, perhaps more, and Australia has huge useable areas with the needed insolation as well as temperate weather. lithium cells are not economic or suitable - they need to build Vanadium Flow cells. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanadium_redox_battery.
Flow cells are made with 2 liquid vats - one for charged liquid and the other for discharged. Operational parameters are vat size(how many megawatt-hours stored) and the charge/discharge cell between the vats which determines the rate at which used fluid is charged and charge fluid is discharged to the grid. Commercial Vanadium redox cells are made now and are being ramped up steadily.
So you need vat space for the time you need to store the power, and you need enough charge/discharge cells for the max rate of charge/discharge. And, of course, enough wind/solar to achieve load needed. Land is cheap in Australia and large cheap fields of vats and the needed conversion cells can be laid out as solar cell field first story - it is just a large building, and in that climate, could even be built outside with the right cladding, all piping can be surface runs as nothing in Australia will damage them, but I suppose fences against 'roos/rabbits/snakes ight come in handy.
Stats on operational Vanadium cells are out there, as this search shows.
https://www.google.com/search?q=Vanadium+redox+cells&rlz=1C1...
Commodity markets are essentially auctions. That's a completely different thing. I do think if we conducted retail sales using that model, it would be very damaging to most real people.
only works if you pay all cash - major supermarkets' data ingestion systems are linked up with credit card companies. it doesn't take a genius to correlate the data.

who made a $73.86 visa transaction at the maple st store at 6:23PM, then another transaction for $12.20 the next day at.. etc
Probably because you consider redundancy and emergency preparation important, sunlight is not guaranteed in event of supervolcanic eruption, asteroid impact, nuclear winter, and other similar events.
Show HN: I've been working on an AI driven reference manager for research papers
Been building this for around a year and a half now. Essentially acts as a reference manager similar to Zotero or Mendelay but has some AI niceties around it. I've also built a novel method for doing summarizations of research papers that isn't just calling the open AI API. Based on feedback it seems to generate better summaries than just upload the docs and asking for a summary to other tools like ChatGPT, Claude, Copilot etc.

Would love to know what you think!
Regardless of your stance on nuclear energy, can we all agree that articles of the form of "Person X of Authority Y dismisses Z as unviable" is a non-headline? It's basically "Person of vaguely adjacent qualification has opinion". I see it everywhere and it's the "cures cancer (in vitro)" of engineering articles.
Exactly this. I was having a silly argument recently with someone that was trying to say Proton was just as good as DirectX/Windows, and it's really not even close in terms of support and stability, not to mention it only works with Steam initially.
As far as I can tell the symbol counts are not included when measuring the size of the output, I did say that but there is a lot of text :) Huffman, ANS, arithmetic coding, etc do not include the frequency counts as part of the size afaik, though of course that needs to be stored to decode, if not please link me.
Rejuvenated.

By no stress I mean, no deadlines, only recreational coding and building stuff, no going through documents, minimum of screen time, best none in the night hours, puzzles and stuff are great. Nothing work related at all. Recreation is the goal. The controlled sleep deprivation is for organs, synapses, receptors.

You go hiking, talk with people through the night, write on novels or blog posts, then you go hiking again. Or swimming, or relaxed skiing, surfing, nightly museum or gallery events and weekends are the perfect time for this kind of thing.

The goal is to "empty your storage" of certain hormones and transmitters and get the respective organs and receptors to their limits, which they will barely get to after just 48 h of wakefulness, but it will be enough for your brain to notice the difference when you wake up afterwards. 'Holy shit, this is what it is / what it was like' ...

It's like getting a drop out of the fountain of youth. The boost will return after normal days and healthy sleep but work/life are crazy and TV/ads put an insane amount of obvious, subliminal, subconscious stress on our brains that we aren't aware of and that builds up in specific spaces that, after some 'amount', kind of constantly put some threshold under pressure which annihilates the boost of even good sleep, which is why you should do it regularly.

A lot of people swear on sleep but check their cabinets or ask them for their stack and you'll know ...

Because you can look away but you can't control what's ON your peripheral and so you have to get your hormone and transmitter producing organs, and just as - or even more - importantly, *the respective receptors*, to the point where they can produce and enjoy proper doses again.

Some bad analogies: Stretching is great but you need to stretch beyond a point to really enjoy the state and the progress afterwards. The same goes for strength training, we call it progressive overload. Too much is bad, especially on drugs, pain killers and stuff, but just the right amount without any additional stress and it works sustainably well.

If you know the right kind of researchers, they can certainly go beyond stones are hard and this is what 99 peoples' blood work and 4000 survey participants say.
In the schools I'm familiar with, this isn't really a skill that's taught. The emphasis is on carrying out steps correctly on paper. Making a good estimate without showing work would definitely be frowned upon.
Obligatory FancyZones/PowerToys links if Komorebi doesn't suit your style:

https://github.com/microsoft/PowerToys?tab=readme-ov-file

https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/powertoys/fancyzon...

FancyZones is a Microsoft tiling window management utility from their PowerToys collection.
> and finding the LCD and GCD of fractions to read a tape measure in US customary units.

Well, that's what tolerances are for. I don't need a perfectly accurate answer. Just one that's within 1/32" or more likely 1/4" to 1/8".
Yes, please, go ahead and give me the 'context' that justifies attacking innocent civilians.
I would have expected most mental illness to be the result of a chemical imbalance and/or trauma (either physical or psychological). Also, this presupposes that by the time you are old enough to experience the world your brain isn't "malleable enough" to handle it which seems unlikely unless you're really sheltered from the vast majority of the world until your late 20s.
Yea IMO these LLMs seem more similar to a subconscious mind than a conscious mind. Jung would probably call it an "antinomy": it's goal is not to represent the truth, but to represent the totality of possible answers.
It’ll also help you from getting ripped off, whether that’s a cashier mistakenly giving you the wrong change or friends calculating a restaurant split in their favor, or a malicious business trying to screw you over (banks!).

Mental arithmetic is vital to mental self defense.
AI is getting harder to build a tech business in because people are starting to see through the hype.
We added Cosmo platform support to WAMR[0], to enable our Hermit[1] compiler and runtime.

[0]: https://github.com/bytecodealliance/wasm-micro-runtime/tree/...

[1]: https://github.com/dylibso/hermit
Wow, a pragmatic user-benefiting feature being added to Windows? That's certainly a breath of fresh air.
> macOS does offer a nicer overall UX than Windows,

Eh, does it? I find it to be incredibly unintuitive, and so do many people I see try to use it with no prior PC experience.
> Given a message with two symbols in a 1:1 ratio, typical entropy encoders (Huffman, ANS, etc) would require 1 bit per symbol, with 0 representing one symbol and 1 representing the other.

If you make use of the same information required here (exact counts) and update the probability model as you go, the result becomes the same for arithmetic coding/ANS (e.g. even with Huffman, after all symbols of one kind are seen, the remaining symbol is encoded in 0 bits).
This seems like it would be helpful for you https://lgug2z.github.io/komorebi/example-configurations.htm...
There is both a quickstart guide[1] and a video walking through it step by step[2]. It takes less than 10 minutes of your time.

[1]: https://lgug2z.github.io/komorebi/installation.html

[2]: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H9-_c1egQ4g
Maybe those parents are also victims of fairytale indoctrination
That is just a bananas domain name.
If Apple stops servicing the EU…
…life will go on. No EU country will be “doomed” let alone “totally doomed”.
I prefer many Apple products over Android-based devices or, god forbid, any S(h)amsung crap, but the EU will continue to prosper without Apple Intelligence, iPhone Sharing or even iPhones and Macs at all. The EU is setting a precedent that every consumer would benefit from, especially if more countries would follow the lead.
Yes, the EC’s approach could be better, they’re stumbling forwards (cookie-dialogs, plastic-bottle tethered-caps,o insane E2E encryption-invalidating proposals etc etc) but I still believe the overall direction will ultimately be beneficial to many.
It’s funny that we all read forty pages of a “nobody” solving missing persons cases, and then we say “I would watch this miniseries if SOMEONE ELSE pitched it to Netflix.”

(Netflix employees have to pitch stories via agents, just like any “nobody” would, FWIW.)
I hope they stop teaching people to calculate. Then I'll start up my career in fraud and embezzlement.
Is it completely unwarranted, though? It seems most of the issues listed here are indeed memory safety bugs that are more difficult to pull off in memory-safe languages such as Rust: https://www.cvedetails.com/vulnerability-list/vendor_id-2153...
The number of people this effects seems like it must be pretty small. There's the subset of people that have more than one OS. There's the subset of those that use command line tools (this explicitly doesn't do GUIs). There's the subset of those that would even think about some convenience of downloading a single binary command-line tool for multiple-OSes rather than use (a) something compiled specifically for that OS or (b) using something specific to that OS (rmdir on windows, rm on linxu/mac).

I use git, I've never felt especially put out that it's a different executable on mac, windows, and linux (situation "a"). I also just use what's common for the OS I'm on since there's so may other differences (C:\foo/bar) vs (/foo/bar) etc... (situation b)
A better way to do this is plain old arithmetic encoding. It also effectively stores a real number of bits for each symbol which is where the savings here is coming from as you stated.

Ie. you'll get an even better result if you limit plain old arithetic coding to 1/70th probablility of each symbol (70 was stated as the non binary aligning example here) and just encode through using arithmetic encoding. Arithmetic encoding is blisteringly fast too.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arithmetic_coding

I'd also say it's not really cheating Shannon limits. It's just that a binary channel likes to align on base two boundaries. Arithmetic coding is the way to store optimally without needing to align on the boundaries. With arithmetic coding at worst you waste 7 bits at the end of the file as you align to 8bits to store.
the method described by this paper does not

> draw[ing] several samples and evaluating the entropy and/or disagreement between those draws

the method from the paper (as I understand it):

- samples multiple answers, (e.g. "music:0.8, musician:0.9, concert:0.7, actress:0.5, superbowl:0.6")

- groups them by semantic similarity and gives them an id ([music, musician, concert] -> MUSIC, [actress] -> ACTING, [superbowl] -> SPORTS), note that they just use an integer or something for the id

- sums the probability of those grouped answers and normalizes: (MUSIC:2.4, ACTING:0.5, SPORTS:0.6 -> MUSIC:0.686, SPORTS:0.171, ACTING:0.143)

They also go to pains in the paper to clearly define what they are trying to prevent, which is confabulations.

> We focus on a subset of hallucinations which we call ‘confabulations’ for which LLMs fluently make claims that are both wrong and arbitrary—by which we mean that the answer is sensitive to irrelevant details such as random seed.

Common misconceptions will still be strongly represented in the dataset. What this method does is it penalizes semantically isolated answers (answers dissimilar to other possible answers) with mediocre likelihood.

Now technically, this paper only compares the effectiveness of "detecting" the confabulation to other methods - it doesn't offer an improved sampling method which utilizes that detection. And of course, if it were used as part of a generation technique it is subject to the extreme penalty of 10xing the number of model generations required.

link to the code: https://github.com/jlko/semantic_uncertainty
The background here is that Peter Dutton, the conservative opposition leader in Australia, has recently announced a plan to switch to nuclear energy instead of renewables. However it isn't a serious policy. Instead it's just political cover to kick the climate change can down the road and allow the existing highly subsidised fossil fuel industry in Australia to continue operating for a few more decades.

For example here is Dutton just a few days ago using the old trope that taking action on climate change would destroy the economy https://www.theguardian.com/australia-news/live/2024/jun/12/...
I remember watching the Czech version of The Little Mermaid, not the Russian one.

It was just so intense, and obsessive.
The Rocket Company (2005)
Roc is built by folks who love Elm. They have no desire to replace Elm for web frontend.

IIUC, Roc is what you get if you stir together:

- I like Elm, and wish I could use it in other domains
- I have a bunch of ideas for where Elm could go, but I don't want to mess with Elm
- A really smart, incredibly thoughtful BDFN (benevolent dictator for now)
My knee jerk reaction to the title was a strong feeling that racist, sexist, and ageist tropes absolutely should be sanitized out of fairy tails. But this article discusses a different kind of sanitizing, and i feel more comfortable with its premise.
>> The "default price" is the one that people who are wealthy enough not to care about such savings will pay.

The interesting thing is most of the "wealthy" people I know are the most voracious coupon hunters and users. They also spend a majority of the time trying to find the best deal on quality stuff outside of groceries. If there is some high end item they want, THEN they are ok paying more for it like a Gucci bag or something similar in order to keep up the idea they are able to afford such things.

Great example is I've known two billionaires and there were exactly like this. One (he made his money in finance and owned a large bank) sent his kids to two different Ivy Leagues schools, but he made sure they both procured scholarships, both athletic and academic as well as leveraging his "legacy" status to get even more of a cut on tuition. He said for everyday items they do everything they can to be frugal. Anything he can find a way to get a discount, he will. Any relationships he can leverage to get a better deal on anything, he will. But all the artwork you saw in his house? He still confided in me he did, for the most part, pay full price for all of the stuff he had. It was one of a few things he was willing to pay full price on.

So if you didn't know about his habits as a part-time art dealer, you would simply assume since he's "wealthy" he pays full price for all the stuff he has. Nothing could be further from the truth.
If that were the case, you would expect the consequents of mental illness (most obviously suicide, but also violent crime) to have increased since 1900, around the time that sanitized fairy tales were popularized; and: they have not.
A community member put together this great overview[1] for people who are wondering why you'd want to use an automatic tiling window manager with programmatic layouts instead of FancyZones.

[1]: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0LCbS_gm0RA
Here's a simpler example, 2 symbols 1:1 ratio, Shannon would say the entropy is 1 bit per symbol, so this needs 2 bits: 01 or 10 encode both permutations.

However I can also just store 1 or 0 to indicate what's stored in the first position, using only a single bit, and the next value is inferred.
I recall a quote from Mr. Gaiman:

“Fairy tales are more than true: not because they tell us that dragons exist, but because they tell us that dragons can be beaten.” ― Neil Gaiman, Coraline
OP is describing a form of psychological trauma.
What Happened to Acid Rain?
(Not mobile friendly)

https://typequicker.com

Very early stages but a typing app that will focus on very thorough analysis of user typing habits (per character timing, which character transitions take longest, etc)

Many typing apps out there but most just measure basic typing speeds. I want to do very thorough analysis on typing habits and target user weaknesses
For most children of history I dont believe this was a real problem, my father for instance was a farm hand herding goats and picking olives at 5 years old - there was no time for an idyllic childhood.
>It’s free to buy an umbrella and then return it when it stops raining. Is that less ethical than surge pricing? It’s based on the same premise; their need for an umbrella now makes the umbrella worthless so they regret the decision.

That's easily solvable with a clause in the return policy like "no returns if the product is used". AFAIK electronics retailers have added similar clauses because people were buying TVs for the superbowl and then returning them afterwards. More likely though, a place that sells umbrellas, especially in tourist areas would have a "no refund" policy.
You can use objects and other things as keys for a Set or Map. As far as I know you can't do that for objects.

const s = new Set();

const a = {}, b = {};

s.add(a);

s.has(a); // true

s.has(b); // false

const o = {};

o[a] = true;

o[a]; // true

o[b]; // true, cause its cast to a string like "[object Object]"

I've also seen Map perform faster than using an object as a Map.
To me this just means the workers need to be able to negotiate for either a standard or driver-selected minimum shift duration for billing purposes, just like most independent contractors can achieve by negotiating the terms of their contracts when finding clients. Every time I hire a moving company the hourly rate bills a contractual minimum number of hours per job regardless of actual time needed. Nothing about this concept is incompatible with flexible gig work.

I realize that individual drivers have far less power in setting the terms of the relationships with Uber and Lyft than individual moving companies have over their client relationships, so drivers’ negotiations here will require either union-style collective action or advocacy for changes to NYC’s rules here.
I second this. I wrote a post around this idea of non chronological blog archiving https://olano.dev/blog/web-anthologists
My mom read Grimms to me when I was a kid. I loved it. We also read D'Aulaires' Book of Greek Myths, which I remember being pretty wild.
I spent years having a negative opinion of that same "new math nonsense"; my only experience with it being viral examples of its worst excesses. But then I had kids in elementary school and saw it up close every day. It was weird and frustrating to me as a child of the 80s, but eventually I came to see that it was teaching approaches to problem solving that I was intuitively using myself. There's still rote memorization involved, but that's not the primary focus. As a result, I think it's better positioned my kids than I was at their age.
I'm reminded of the Pizzatool from Sun Microsystems

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=22925091

110 points by zdw on April 21, 2020 | hide | past | favorite | 71 comments

https://donhopkins.medium.com/the-story-of-sun-microsystems-...
I have inherited my Grandfather's pocket slide rule.
I made the opposite mistake when I first moved to the US (: the bottle of chili powder sat in my pantry for years, being used for the very occasional pot of chili.
Public CDNs Are Useless and Dangerous (2021)
i think calling those things different types of intelligence is dumb. those are just skills.
It was less that they wanted to do layoffs and more that they tried to force him to layoff people with no warning, no discussion, no questions allowed and to take full and complete responsibility for said layoffs that he had no knowledge of or any say in.
Can you elaborate on the immune system ? Doesn’t heat destroy every celles responsible for the immune system ?
the notepad clones didn't require a storage engine. they saved files using the OS storage API