skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Hmm, that's an interesting way of thinking about it. The way I see it, I trust XML less, because the sparser representation gives it more room to make a mistake: if you think of every token as an opportunity to be correct or wrong, the higher token count needed to represent content in XML gives the model a higher chance to get the output wrong (kinda like the birthday paradox).

(Plus, more output tokens is more expensive!)

e.g.

using the cl_100k tokenizer (what GPT4 uses), this JSON is 60 tokens:

{
"method": "GET",
"endpoint": "/api/model/details",
"headers": {
"Authorization": "Bearer YOUR_ACCESS_TOKEN",
"Content-Type": "application/json"
},
"queryParams": {
"model_id": "12345"
}
}

whereas this XML is 76 tokens:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<method>GET</method>
<endpoint>/api/model/details</endpoint>
<headers>
<Authorization>Bearer YOUR_ACCESS_TOKEN</Authorization>
<Content-Type>application/json</Content-Type>
</headers>
<queryParams>
<model_id>12345</model_id>
</queryParams>

You can check out the tokenization here by toggling "show tokens": https://www.promptfiddle.com/json-vs-xml-token-count-BtXe3
Considering the U.S. is likely to have a convicted felon as its next president, I don't agree with this characterization
A specification for adding human/machine readable meaning to commit messages
No Best Tool for the Job
Ex-OpenAI star Sutskever shoots for superintelligent AI with new company
Zinc activates thymus hormones, which is what you want for COVIDy infections
It there any online confirmation of this, that's more than speculation?
Looks super interesting
Whoops! Switched to "British Isles" -- update should be percolating now
Is it really not that clear?

> Download and install the latest open-source JDK. Oracle’s free, GPL-licensed, production-ready OpenJDK JDK 22 binaries for Linux, macOS, and Windows are available at jdk.java.net/22; Oracle’s commercially-licensed JDK 22 binaries, based on the same code, are here.

It's right on the landing page.
> Safe Superintelligence, Inc.

Will it be as "safe" as OpenAI is "open"?
I'm not sure Apple would know.

edit: I meant OpenAI gets the fine.
Yeah, a really popularly underappreciated thing, quite unfortunate.
Big discussion yesterday (1118 points, 23 hours ago, 999 comments) https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=40730156
> it’s not a matter of GPT not being capable of it but a matter of the instruction tuning training it out.

GPT training has made zero attempts to prevent curiosity or boredom or agency, I think your statement is either incorrect or misunderstood my point. There is a small amount of fine-tuning negative emotion and blatant misinformation responses away, but otherwise the Park et. al. “Generate Agents” paper is using a different architecture from GPT and specifically says that an LLM by itself is not capable of making believable plans (!), and they warn “We suggest that generative agents should never be a substitute for real human input in studies and design processes.” We have some idea about how to make AI permanently learn to autocomplete about things that weren’t in the training data, but GPT doesn’t have that yet, nor does any other AI to date.

> So long as the right letters come out, who cares what we label the pattern that generates them?

I guess I have to admit caring, and I’m curious why you imply you don’t. (I suspect you actually do care, and so does everyone, and this is why we’re all talking about it.) The difference between agency and convincing autocomplete is the difference between AGI and not AGI. It seems like the only relevant question to me. The answer to what we label the pattern generator is going to shape how we create and use AI from here out, it will define what rights AI has, and who gets credit for advances and blame for mistakes.

Are you essentially arguing that you think humans are autocomplete and nothing more? If so, go back and read the link I posted about “GPT-4 Can’t Reason”, it has some informative analysis that draws real and concrete distinctions between LLMs and human reasoning. We can in fact prove that GPT’s capabilities are strictly a subset of people & animal reasoning abilities. None of this contradicts the idea that GPT can be a useful tool, nor that it can mimic some human behaviors. But the theme I’m seeing in the pro-AI arguments is a talking point that since we don’t fully understand human consciousness and can’t define it in such a way that excludes today’s AI, then GPT is probably AGI already. I’m not sure that logic fits your claim per se, but that logic is fallacious (regardless of whether the conclusion is true or false). That logic is seeking affirmation, attempting to bring humans down to digital neural network level, and it only shows that we haven’t drawn a line yet, it doesn’t get us any closer to whether there is a line. We’ve talked about a bunch of bits of evidence that a line does exist. The thing missing here is a serious attempt at proving the null hypothesis.
I know it's nitpicking but please anthropic give non business accounts API access.
I thought lead was added just before drinking, not for storage?
Setting more appropriate land taxes would be a good start, which is much easier then trying to figure out how to tax income. The harder part is reducing the tax liability based on the "public good" or "how benevolent" the organization is. Hard but not impossible. For example, a private golf club would pay higher taxes than a public golf course. Or a church that allows anyone in or has tons of community outreach to the neighborhood pays less or no taxes vs a church that has tons of requirements or hoops to jump through.
Healthcare is a slippery slope. Don’t tax hospitals, but tax pharmaceutical companies? Don’t tax pharmaceutical companies, but tax the income of doctors?

I think the point of the article is that it’s really hard to make these judgments and doing way with the whole system entirely makes the most sense, which seems reasonable to me.
I'd rather have a public camera in my bedroom than a recording of every conversation I've ever had with anyone stored and searchable by governments, police, and the inevitable dark scammer for all eternity.

That is not to say that cameras everywhere aren't dystopian. But their existence doesn't undermine the added danger of chat control.
Thanks for pointing this out! Switched to "British Isles" -- update should be percolating now
I think it's hard for people to reconcile $1000 10 minute doctor visits, and $10,000 IVs with tax free status.
Hear hear. But why not abolish the category completely?

> The U.S. needs a principled, rules-based approach to 1) distinguish between benevolent organizations and tax-exempt businesses,

There’s no reason why a food kitchen, museum, university, church or whatever can’t simply run at a loss in perpetuity (or until it can’t get any more donations). No decision on its tax status is needed.

Charities pay the same price for phone service, postage, salaries, rent etc. Yet we’d have a complex infrastructure for deciding if they should get a break on one line item, taxes. Sawing off that whole infrastructure would simplify things greatly.

I don’t mean to sound like some Libertarian here. It’s just that I’ve long considered the distinction between “non profit” and “for profit” crazy.
This exactly - the existing hypocrisy leads to religious organizations essentially being tax-exempt political organizations.
Electric Vehicles: Total Cost of Ownership Tool
What is the training cutoff for 3.5 Sonnet?
I'm always fascinated by these decisions. Having only worked at smaller companies, I've never been involved in moving an entire stack away from the current/primary language. The feature backlog coming from the business never, ever, includes items like "change programming languages". It's always filled with customer or business facing features. And when faced with tough deadlines, as the adage goes, the devil you know is better than the devil you don't.

I have worked on some legacy systems with languages like classic ASP and ColdFusion, and I would advocate against continuing to use them, only to ultimately be met with some feature request deadline. I know Roblox employs a ton of engineers (alright, more than a ton) but this decision couldn't have come lightly. How did this change come to be? Seems like it was a slow, organic, port of parts of their system over to Lua. What percentage of their engineering resources was spent working on this port, and will the gains made from switching to Lua outweigh the loss of productivity on the feature request backlog? Maybe they were blocked by JS and could only solve certain problems with Lua? Either way, this is very neat and makes me wonder what effect this will have on the job market, and if more large organizations going to follow suit and abandon JS in favor of Lua...
If I get your drift, I agree.

> instead of feeling the need to drag everyone else into the Sith spirit

You may like:

https://www.sirlin.net/articles/playing-to-win

(Note: I have some disagreements with that here and there in the context we're discussing.)
Looks nice, but I have some questions:
- I see that you store files. Do you expect people to migrate their files away from Google Drive (one of the most popular option for contractors and micro business) ?
- Do you support multiple currencies in the financial tracking?
- what do you bring to the table in terms of contractor management? This is a big thing for me as being rigorous and predictable when dealing with contractors I bring in for specific tasks is even more important than being rigorous for my internal processes. I would guess that many micro-business work with a network of contractors for the things that are not their core expertise.
- what's the eventual business model?
> or a carefully vetted and privacy-first cloud system that was designed by people far smarter than you to make sure that Apple could not get to your data.

I've noticed over the years smart people have made great things, but often leave them in the hands of idiots. What does 'carefully vetted' mean.
Starlab Space adds Palantir as strategic partner on commercial space station
what do you mean underutilized? the utilization is not measured by how many pixels of the panel are taken by text and icons, but how useful the information in it is, no matter how small it might be. For me, it has the date, clock, and a few important icons. I use it to quickly toggle settings or access my calendar and notifications. it is VERY utilized
Exactly. E.g. decentralized DNS, title transfers to real property, etc.

It's still extremely useful as currency as well, though, precisely because it actually is digital currency, and allows direct person-to-person transactions via the internet without requiring a proprietary middleman. The previous commenter's complaint about how it doesn't solve anything if you get scammed is a bit off-target, because dealing with frauds and scams isn't a feature inherent in the currency itself -- it applies equally to any payment solution, especially cash and checks -- and is something we deal with via the legal system regardless of how funds are transferred.
If feasible, sure.

But I'd expect it's often cheaper to send up a new telescope than to repair an old one.
That's pretty neat.

I've used SDKMan's list for this purpose, https://sdkman.io/jdks .
Lichtenstein would agree.
One really nice use case for dithering that I've found is for building graphics for 8-bit (Pico-8 and Picotron) games and toys.

I made a ruby script that can take a graphic and scale it to whatever size, then it uses a closest color match to substitute colors for the _very_ limited Pico* palette and applies dithering to make it look attractive. I like Stenberg the most, but have played with Atkinson and am still feeling around a bit.
>I enjoy seeing strong opinions about software design articulated as core principles.

With you 100% on that.

And fully appreciate Kauler's opinion on ISOs too.
Sort of. Eastern District of Texas for quite a while was the busiest district for patent litigation, but it wasn't particularly a patent troll magnet. It was a patent litigation magnet in general.

You tended to hear more about the troll cases because "patent troll sues tech company" is way more likely to come up on tech sites than something like "wastewater control valve maker sues other wastewater valve maker over patent".
For 1/r^2, wouldn't curved spacetime mess that up? Not sure how you would calculate say a moon or other things in between.
I think you’re right, but it’s probably better to try and remove their exemption and then settle on this. They’ll scream either way because unethical hucksters will do anything to keep fleecing people.
Good point! I'll try to think about a better way to phrase this (happy to hear suggestions)
> The point here is that 99% of companies are not in that scenario

I‘d argue that is wrong for any decently sized ecommerce platform or production facility. Maybe not millions per hour, but enough to warrant redundancy. There’s many revnue and also redundancy levels between Google and your mom and pop restaurant menu.
Non-profit tax exemptness is good actually. It incentivizes charity over profit-seeking ventures. Changing this would increase taxes in the short term but be bad long term.
Has recycling done any net good at all? The old mantra of "Reduce, Reuse, Recycle" is in that order for a reason - Recycling was theoretically acknowledged as the "least bad" option. But in practice, I think many people viewed it as a get out of jail free card - consume whatever you want as long as you recycle the packaging.

Now it turns out that it was (mostly) a farce all along. Most recycling ends up in landfills, and the recycling process has terrible pollution side effects of its own. The shocking part of it to me is that it has taken us forty plus years for this to even approach mainstream conversation. The idea that "recycling is a sham" sounded like a conspiracy theory up until recently.

The level of effort that has been put into marketing recycling, just to enable ever-increasing consumerism is staggering.
Why is the Floyd-Steinberg error diffusion kernel so uneven? What's the output like if the error is distributed equally among the bottom-right pixels?

And this is a naive question, but could one construct a kernel that diffuses the error across all surrounding pixels, not just the bottom+right? I get that this will cause recursion difficulties as error bounces back-and-forth between neighboring pixels, but is that resolvable?
The benchmark is imagined as zero shot, so no tweaking.
Hours, not minutes. That is relevant for most businesses.
When I worked at companies with self-service plans, we'd direct them there and say that we can't provide provide them enterprise service for now, until their company grows or their budget grows. When we didn't have self-service, we were just polite and that's all we could do.
I don't think Apple in any official capacity helps these efforts. Lenovo on the other hand seems to support alternative OSes to some degree.
>give it a go on bare metal…

Ain't nothin like the real thing baby . . .
You can type the real name, import it with autocomplete, then rename the symbol (f2), which creates the alias.
BLE mesh and solar power should get your BoM cost below $20, but I don't see any way that you're going to hit a sub $1 price point. Assuming your mesh can cover the entire field (reasonable if you have one monitoring point every few plants), you can have one or a small handful of LTE-M basestation points to handle the data uplinks.

It's an interesting problem and I am sure reference designs already exist. Maybe talk to someone at Nordic.
Error diffusions are hard to be parallelized. They're also not stable, meaning moving pixel may look different in different frame. But they usually give best result for static images.
I wonder if this is enough to make the larger dev community to finally realize that .NET is more open-source than Java ecosystem?
The simple answer is 1) because physicists don't want to muck with general relativity which has had many successes across sub-galactic scales, so they are trying as hard as possible to jam a particle into the hole that's been observed when extending GR/Newton to galactic scales, 2) MOND is just an "effective theory" that seems to fit observations but doesn't really have a fully fleshed out theory explaining why this change to gravity happens; this "inelegance" rubs math-oriented physicsts the wrong way.

I've mentioned elsewhere here that astrophysicsts tend to prefer DM because they like particles and mathematical elegance, and astronomers are more open to MOND because they like theories with few parameters that make successful predictions (a reductive generalization, but broadly true I think). JWST has validated many MOND predictions, so I hope people open their minds a little more now, but as I said, neither theory is fully satisfactory in the end.

Edit: the author of this post is an astronomer that has been working in this field for a long time and he posted another article that reviews MOND and LCDM with some history:

https://tritonstation.com/2023/01/05/question-of-the-year-an...
And after GPT-5's release, what would be the plan for subsequent elections? This seems to be a temporary play in delaying AI regulation if public sentiment further becomes that AI can have a strong influence in the elections.
A gap between engineering and science in biotech
Development of Neffy, an Epinephrine Nasal Spray, for Allergic Reactions
I would rather they spend time on making their model smarter than cooking some gimmick to impress public or their shareholders
Although on a payoff note, it's not even the shiny new thing, it's almost a decade old. We really need a Python 2.7 style "no: we're done with this. Don't uplift your code as much as you deem necessary, but we're moving on. You've had a decade by now" event for Node.
That is not my experience at all. I have recently procured or discussed pricing terms for a few SaaS solutions on Enterprise tier and without exception the Enterprise pricing is a multiple per unit of the highest self service tier. Even after negotiating the price down.
> No, it's pointing out that "text and art generative models" are far less useful [1] than machines that would be just as little smarter at boring ordinary work, to relieve real normal people from drudgery.

That makes no sense. Is alphafold less useful than a minimum wage worker because alphafold can't do dishes? The past decades of machine learning have revealed that the visual-spatial capacities that are commonplace to humans are difficult to replicate artificially. This doesn't mean the things which AI can do well are necessarily less useful than the simple hand-eye coordination that are beyond their current means. Intelligence and usefulness isn't a single dimension.
Ha. Didn't see this post before I responded to your other one :-)
From reading the article, how is this more efficient? Doesn't any word counting algorithm have to iterate through all the characters and count spaces?

What makes this better than the standard algorithm of

wc = 0
prev = null
for ch in charStream:
if !isSpace(ch) and isSpace(prev):
wc += 1
prev = ch
This is great, of course I would only use this offline selfhosted if possible.

One suggestion is be more clear about what it does in the Github description. People will star it and might search for it and if they search for invoice or financial they won't get this up.
They don't distribute profits to their members.

The only thing making them pay tax will do is create an accounting nuisance where they drive profits and thus taxes to zero.
This could occasionally be true, but in my experience it’s much more common that this is a signal that either the vendor’s internal processes are stuck in the early 2000s, or they are indeed going to run an arbitrary negotiation process to drive up prices.

I had one large, famous call center vendor who were running on a monolithic Java backend in their own data center, with a six-week implementation time for a completely vanilla configuration, and for which the simplest change required a professional services engagement. There is no technical reason the entire thing couldn’t have been done with self-service signup and configuration, and indeed that’s how their smaller, younger competitors do it.
Got it, thanks for the feedback!
Unfortunately non profit != charitable.

That’s what this article is all about. Separating charitable non profits from non charitable non profits and taxing the latter.
. . . for now.

"... The proposal will return to the drawing board, as the European Commission and the European Parliament continue to deliberate on the best way forward."

I am always fascinated by the hubris bureaucrats have.
How does the US DoD feel about this? It was my understanding the exact location of different fleets was something that wasn't public info
"Best I can do is tax you like you have socialized medicine[0], then force you to pay 2 - 4 fold what those other counties private systems cost to actually get care for most of your life." - Every politician in my entire life time

[0]https://data.oecd.org/healthres/health-spending.htm
> The median operating margins for hospitals is around 0% or some times negative. Injecting more costs into the system is only going to push prices further upward.

Maybe it's for the best.
My professor in college also referred us to read Kleene's book whenever we could, but the darn thing was (and still is) so hard to find.
Is there a viable alternative to current car tires?
I know someone in real estate who is advised by his wealth advisor to set up an apartment building that gives lower rents to wounded veterans in his small town.

That way it would be non-profit and he wouldn't have to pay property taxes and the one or two wounded veterans might get a good place to stay but he would be making bank with the other tenants
Same here, but I'm hoping it takes off for other people.

I get requests all the time from colleagues to have discussions via telephone instead of chat because they are bad at typing.
DJI drone ban passes in U.S. House – 'Countering CCP Drones Act'
Zeta Labs Launches JACE – First AI Agent Capable of Complex Task Completion
We've very recently been testing multiple dithering techniques for graphics we send as bitmaps to a TIJ printer that's used as a dynamic labeller.
Fwiw the github page for that proposal isn't linking to what seems to be the most recent discussion *. I thought type-annotations-as-comments was a no-brainer, but it seems messy. The Sept 2023 discussion shows that it is complicated by the current variety of annotation schemes (TypeScript is not the only one), and the parsing subtleties, which gave rise to unresolved questions about what is the basic motivation. bummer.

* https://github.com/tc39/notes/blob/main/meetings/2023-09/sep...
Just sum party votes and calculate amount of seats for each party on national level, then assign seats for each party based on regional results.
The trick there would be to actually incentivize charity instead of bloat and wallet fattening.
This is neat, but yeah, another fun challenge: have it build a letter/word/pixel art from random pieces, the best it can.
if you look at most npm packages, you can see that versions that do not support es modules are downloaded more. and it's been like this for years. an example package: https://www.npmjs.com/package/p-queue?activeTab=versions
Wait until you see where Apple News, Weather, and Stocks get their external data. Believe it or not, Safari even supports opening web pages not made by Apple and not even served from Apple servers!
Wired Confirms Perplexity Is Bypassing Efforts by Websites to Block Its Crawler
As far as I understand it, recycling metals has a very large net positive for energy spent (vs. mining and refining new ores). Plastic and paper pulp recycling has always been dubiously valuable.
that's our goal! We are lacking documentation and an easy setup right now (focusing on our hosted version first) - because that's how we will earn money in the end

Great feedback, I will update it asap!