skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
The long story short is you are technically correct but in practice things are a little different. There are 2 factors to consider here:

1. Model Capability

You are right that mechanically, input and output tokens in a standard decoder Transformer are "the same". A 32K context should mean you can have 1 input tokens and 32K output tokens (you actually get 1 bonus token), or 32K input tokens and 1 output token,

However, if you feed an LM "too much" of its own input (read: have too long an output length), it starts to go off the rails, empirically. The word "too much" is doing some work here: it's a balance of both (1) LLM labs having data that covers that many output tokens in an example and (2) LLMs labs having empirical tests to have confidence that the model won't reasonably go off the rails within some output limit. (Note, this isn't pretraining but the instruction tuning/RLHF after, so you don't just get examples for free)

In short, labs will often train a model targeting an output context length, and put out an offering based on that.

2. Infrastructure

While mathematically having the model read external input and its own output are the same, the infrastructure is wildly different. This is one of the first things you learn when deploying these models: you basically have a different stack for "encoding" and "decoding" (using those terms loosely. This is after all still a decoder only model). This means you need to set max lengths for both encoding and decoding separately.

So, after a long time of optimizing both the implementation and length hyperparameters (or just winging it), the lab will decide "we have a good implementation for up to 31K input and 1k output" and then go from there. If they wanted to change that, there's a bunch of infrastructure work involved. And because of the economies of batching, you want many inputs to have as close to the same lengths as possible, so you want to offer fewer configurations (some of this bucketing may be performed hidden from the user). Anyway, this is why it may become uneconomical to offer a model at a given length configuration (input or output) after some time.
Coinbase's quest to stay profitable throughout cycles
It's not a hypothetical: "professional" or "industrial" use is what most new Pis are used for.
Humanity is possibly racing to it's own destruction by making a buck along the way.

Humanity is possibly about to breed home appliances that pathfind our way to greater knowledge than we could ever have gotten to on our own.

AI might hit a wall and not progress for many years. Only time will tell...
> Marked as LEGACY in POSIX.1-2001. Removed in POSIX.1-2008.

In Linux you mean.
Appears so.
I always see people gush over this book, but is it still worth reading for someone that already has a ton of experience programming?
A similar phenomenon https://youtu.be/uGkLjfPWqeI
I'm not sure how your first question is germane; they don't owe taxes because there's a standard deduction and various credits (many of which are tools for social policy and aren't really related to expenses, e.g. the EITC or savers credit). That works quite differently from a system where you actually deduct your living expenses. Those deductions and credits generally have limits (so don't care what your actual expenses are), frequently don't require you to have any sort of documented expenses, and may only provide a partial offset against the expense. You also have the 0% bracket for capital gains being several times the standard deduction. Do rich people living off investments just automatically have 3x the living expenses of W2 earners?

On slavery, I'm not familiar with the EU, but of course we have it in the US. I thought it was common knowledge that slavery (i.e. forced labor) is one of the punishments we have for crimes? I see news articles from as recently as 2018 about prisoners being given solitary confinement for refusing to work (I'll leave you to look into the psychological and physical effects of that and decide whether it qualifies as torture).

Arguably, the way we do child support is slavery-adjacent as well; support orders are not based on the child's needs or the level of expenses pre-separation, but on the level of income. So if you were frugal (and e.g. planning to FIRE) before separation, suddenly you can have a very large liability until several years after they become an adult (including needing to pay for college even if you otherwise wouldn't have done so), essentially requiring decades of additional work. Falling to continue producing that income can result in imprisonment.
I've been able to start at A, E, L, or T, and your explanation makes sense.

I usually know a letter is near one of those four, but not if it is before or after, so if I am looking for P for example, I'll start with T for a bit, realize I've gone too far, and start over at L in hopes of finding it.
Yes, 50-50 in the old joke sense of "it will either happen or not happen".
Call-by-push-value. (1999) [pdf]
Those are already short enough, but if someone really wants to rename os to o, I won't mind.
I gotta give the economist credit for acknowledging that Trump has a clear lead. https://www.economist.com/united-states/2024/06/12/five-mont...

Biden’s only realistic shot is to sweep Michigan, Wisconsin and Pennsylvania. Biden is polling 4-8 points behind where he was in June in those states in 2020, and where Clinton was in 2016.
That's not what I'm saying at all and is a strawman.

Compare the exterior size, interior size, and weight of an 80s corolla and one today. You'll find the door panels are much thicker, the car weighs about 20% more, the exterior dimensions have grown slightly, and it feels more cramped inside.

Eg, it's not that we don't see small cars anymore. It's that small cars have gotten larger, heavier, and feel less spacious.
That tax is hugely not enough for how bad they are for society. It's not about convenience, it's about them literally killing people (through impacts and outsized tire microplasic contribution) and destroying our infrastructure at a rate much greater than small cars and (road wear is proportional to the FOURTH POWER of axle weight). Obviously people should just bike and use public transit, but we can start by taxing heavy/tall cars appropriately for their enormous negative impact.
That's interesting, because Kinro or キ-ン-ロ is an actual name in Japanese (or at least some Anime that I watch)
I think urgency and scarcity are different sides to the same coin.
New fabric makes urban heat islands more bearable
"With applications in clothing, construction and food storage, the new textile reduces heat from both the sun and thermal radiation from nearby buildings"
People have no incentive to go above and beyond. It's been made abundantly clear that employers do not care about employees. Elon just got paid $56,000,000,000, and they simultaneously laid off 10,000 employees. Every time you look up, another company is laying off workers. Workers are being replace by AI every day. Many jobs are pointless, and don't really do anything but feed an empty capitalist system. Inflation has affected everyone but the 1%. Houses are unaffordable. People are just mean in general. Why would anyone want to work?
MacOS asks when “Terminal” wants to access the Downloads or Documents or the Contacts, etc.

However it asks once, across all Terminal programs, for the entire lifetime. So if you’ve ever used “find ~/Documents -…”, then Maven can access it too.

My opinion about this is that we’ll progressively go towards a Dockerization of the builds, which is the only one that gives developers confidence about the sandboxing.

It should be required by SOC2/PII certifications, though. As in, I already think I’ve seen an insurance ask something like “Are accounting documents present on a machine where compilation is executed” or maybe it was “Is it possible to install new programs on machines where sensitive documents are managed?”
I'm not sure how that's any less childish/tortious interference. At the end of the day you're still unilaterally deciding to interfere with some company's website.
We are using benchmarking on our own eval sets, which makes it easier to measure the variance that I’ve found impossible to eliminate.
Epistemology is not new.
I don’t count on my fingers, but that, I do. I can think through to some subset of the order to find a target letter but it’s usually faster to just run through the song quickly in my head, from the beginning, so that’s what I do.

I mean, it’s like 4s worst-case to find the letter anyway. I can “sing” it in my head fast. Not something I really need to work on making faster.
In my area there are a few pawn shops who offer second hand DELL enterprise pcs, which is great for me because they struggle to sell them to the general public and I've gotten my hand on one or two for a steal.

I use one as a server, and another as a media center PC. My server has been going without issue for 5+ years now (granted, I'm not stressing it, its just for serving files and doing downloads).
It's a digital currency owned by nobody/everybody, needs no middleman, finite, no trust, the main crypto that other current value-prop projects trade through. There's a worth to that.

Stonks usually have a real value behind them BUT they're often traded at 40x their output. That's also speculation. Not to mention insider trading at the highest levels.
I can see a situation where multiple AI systems will be connected to simulate human intelligence so you can ask it any question and it will have an answer. It will also be able to outline a whole project into a plan that people can follow. In that sense, it will be smarter. That's a 100% chance. It's a way to easily access the world's knowledge. Search engines are on their way out. Google search will eventually be a relic.

But will it be AGI? No. That's a close to 0% chance, not 0 but close in the next 20 years.
I would guess so, bit that feels really arbitrary (like the rest of the restrictions).
I got one recently that was £159 (1.4x the 8GB Pi 5 starter kit) for a 16GB i3-8109U (with 500GB SSD) and is just about 3x the volume of the Argon Neo 5 case for the Pi 5 (113 x 127 x 43mm vs 94 x 70 x 30mm).

Doesn't change the "[places] where a Pi will fit but these micro PCs won't" assertion but the pricing and sizing are not as egregious as you're suggesting.
The problem is that if you clone the Git repository, or view it on GitHub, you have no assurance that you're seeing the same code that the go command or the Go module proxy saw. The author of a malicious module could change the Git tag to point to a different, benign, commit after the Go module proxy stores the malicious copy. There are other tricks an attacker can play as well: https://github.com/golang/go/issues/66653

Ultimately, if you're doing a code audit, you have to compute the checksum of the code that you're looking at, and compare it against the entry in go.sum or the checksum database to make sure you're auditing the right copy.
I've seen people mention this lib before and I have a hard time understanding the use cases Nad how it's used.
I'd prefer to keep the current size and get longer battery life.
Hey, at least there’s Clojurescript.
Perplexity's ad hoc requests are still made by a crawler — whether you believe it or not. A web browser presents the content directly to the user. There may be extensions or features (reader mode) which modify the retrieved content in browser, but Perplexity's summarization feature does not present the content directly to the user in any way.

It honestly just feels like you have no critical thinking when it comes to LLM tech and want to pretend that an autonomous crawler that only retrieves a single page to process it isn't a crawler.

I have used, with permission of the site owner, a crawler to retrieve data from a single URL on a scheduled basis. It is fully automated data retrieval not intended for direct user consumption. THAT is what makes it a crawler. If the page from which I was retrieving the data was included in `/robots.txt`, the site owner would expect that an automated program would not pull the data. Recursiveness is not required to make a web robot. Unattended and/or disconnected requests do.
At that price point, the cost of the RJ-45 port is probably more than the cost of the 802.3 chip and I wonder if the cost of supporting that old chip on a contemporary device doesn't surpass the cost of the components for a nowadays standard 1 GB/s.
Not at the moment but the scanning feature is client-side only and does not rely on any external services. It uses jsQR[0] to handle parsing directly in the browser. One way to use it and be sure would be to load the page and disable the site's network connection using developer tools before giving camera access. Once done, allow camera permission, perform the scan then kill the page.

[0] https://github.com/cozmo/jsQR
> the dozens to thousands of gigabytes modern computers have

Hello time traveler, what year do you live in to have regular servers with “dozens of thousands” of GB…
The problem with Armbian is, while it's neatly packed and made with a lot of care, you lose board-specific capabilities, esp. in Rockchip systems.

Using Armbian for OrangePi 5B means losing hardware accelerated video encoding, AI acceleration, etc. But, I bought the board for these features.

I'd either use OrangePi's own, short living Debian image with all the features or an Armbian build which I won't be able to update cross-release but will be supported and developed, losing all the differentiating features of the board.

There's no winning here. This is why Raspberry Pi is winning.
A sense of humor?
Yes. But instead of taking my word for it why don’t you just start reading it and decide for yourself?
The issue seems to be one of terminology. The questions on the exam (and thus topic of the course) appear to be about technical competence at a handful of skills highly specific to the railroad industry. That's fine and valuable, but its not what most people would describe as "economics". I wouldn't expect the skills taught in an "economics" class to be concerned with the specific price of shipping a very particular bill of goods on a very specific line on a very particular railroad. I wouldn't expect "economics" to mean the fine grain details of the practical engineering challenges in laying out track. I would expect "economics" to mean some sort of underlying analysis of railroad pricing and capital expenditure practices.
Any notable highlights for a consumer of Numpy who rarely interfaces directly with it? Most of my work is pandas+scipy, with occasionally dropping into the specific numpy algorithm when required.

I am much more of an "upgrade when there is a X.1" release kind of guy, so my hat off to those who will bravely be testing the version on my behalf.
Weight might still have a place such as states and countries with hurricanes, tornados, and other windy storms
That's interesting.

From an English perspective katakana (a system for writing words foreign to Japan, which can't write English very well) seems broken, but I guess from what you say that it's probably effective for most languages
Nonsense post.

If you are not familiar with the area there is no way distinguish experts vs. imitators. In order words, imitators are not stupid: they are just not expert in the field.
You are thinking about the wrong order of magnitude.

The sun emits ~3e26 J/s [1].

The internet claims hydrogen fusion generates between ~5-6.5e14 J/kg [2][3].

The internet claims there are ~5 trillion tons of known Hydrogen reserves [4] which is ~5e15 kg. So, if we perfectly fused all known Hydrogen reserves, that would be ~3e30 J, or ~1,000 seconds (~16 minutes) of total Sun output.

The internet claims the Earth is ~260 ppm (~1/4000) Hydrogen by mass [4]. The Earth is ~6e24 kg. So, that is ~1.5e21 kg. So, if we perfectly fused all Hydrogen inside of Earth, that would be ~1e36 J or ~3e9 seconds (~100 years) of total Sun output.

Portable fusion, if possible, would be great for localized power. But if a civilization wants long term power at total solar output scales, then only known source is total solar output. Nothing else known has enough fuel to support that level of usage, let alone the challenge of actually fusing that much material.

[1] https://www.sws.bom.gov.au/Educational/2/1/12

[2] https://www.quora.com/How-much-energy-is-produced-by-the-fus...

[3] https://www.phys.ksu.edu/personal/wysin/astro/review9/p4.htm...

[4] https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abundance_of_the_chemical_el...
>Even if you have no right to be annoying, being annoying doesn't justify punching you in the face.

Being "annoying" however does justify you being escorted off the premises, which is probably closer to what's happening to those streaming sites than being "punched in the face".

>Even if you have no right to watch sportsball, watching sportsball doesn't justify shutting down the Internet.

Get a grip. Returning incorrect IPs for several known illegal stream websites is hardly "shutting down the Internet", any more than arresting a bunch of belligerent protesters is enacting a police state.
My edit shows what I meant. I wouldn't support requiring references, just preventing companies from having policies forbidding them. I've had manager who would have gladly written me a great recommendation but policies prevented it.

A ban on requesting them would also work.
You missed https://news.ycombinator.com/newsguidelines.html:

> If you flag, please don't also comment that you did.
True, I suppose my disagreement is that I believe it doesn't go far enough to explain how big of a deal it is, and how there _aren't_ ways to deal with it without substantial, subjective intervention from the forecasters.

I've worked on weighting code for online polls, they literally rely on dozens of hand picked decisions to stay "reasonable". These decisions aren't factored into the error bars, making them appear smaller.

And as far as the fundamental style predictions, how can you use a single GDP number when Fox tells its viewers one number and MSNBC tells its viewers another?

This article does describe a faithful statistical effort, but to me it doesn't emphasize the risk of a "black swan" event enough.
I was wondering why the 286 protected mode wasn't more popular. This sums it up pretty nicely https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protected_mode#The_286
Also consider Pug (formerly called Jade). It's a bit more verbose than Markdown, but it's really nice because you can skip closing tags (it's indent-based like Python), can use CSS selector syntax (same as Emmet e.g. `div#someId.someClass`), and you can paste in regular HTML and have that work as well.

There's also file includes, template syntax like loops/if-statements, inherited templates, inline Javascript syntax, "filters" for including Markdown and other languages, and much more
I have met many engineers with senior and expert engineer titles.

I can count on a single hand the number of ppl I considered experts in their field.

Titles are not given based on expertise but how many years of experience you have and how many ppl you know.
The overarching point is "don't take care of your tools". So downloading 500 MB of dependencies and then letting them rot is a great example.
I think a little piece of that idiom is left out for the sake of making it a good sound bite. An expert can explain something to an eager listener. Would you be able to explain something you're an expert in to a patient lay person who actually listened and tried to ask the best questions they could?

It is an entirely different skill to educate someone with your expertise when you don't get their feedback (tv, radio, youtube) or when they don't want to learn (classroom teacher, office politics around bean counters). Those are two kinds of education and they are important skills all on their own but are in no way tied to other kinds of technical expertise.

If we were both working on a project that needed your and my expertise. If I understood that you had different sensibilities about social norms. If I respected those while asking questions about parts of your explanation I didn't understand. Would you be able to explain a detailed topic to me?
If I remember correctly, in Ben Rich's book he mentioned that LA's water in the summertime was chlorinated enough that the titanium welds on the early A-12 would sometimes fail because of a chemical reaction they didn't anticipate - they were embrittled because they were flushed with that water, I think?
> Shok Jok. That name could pass for a Mandarin or Cantonese name.

These sounds do not exist in Mandarin. This would never be, or sound like, a Mandarin name. And no mention is made of tones, which are critical in Mandarin.

The article already smelled of a bovid's feces, but at this point I actually saw the bullshit.
It is going to be very close and decided by key swing states , as has typically been the case. It will not be at all like 2008 or 2012 or 1996. This is why forecasting models are not that useful ,as the swing states are such big and unknown variables. It's like "I have 95% confidence that either candidate will get 48-52% of popular vote." great, real helpful .
RISC OS is still around and just got Wi-Fi. It'll run on some models of Raspberry Pi.
I know a manger at my company that provided a reference and was reprimanded for it. They even told him I'd he ever does it again, he's fired. I heard of at least one other manager who was actually fired.
I think the context here is when you signed up for a trial and you have a sales person emailing you every single day, and by the end of the week they start using the "I can only guarantee this price" bullshit. It's just an aggressive sales person trying to pressure you.

I don't know what companies you are working in, but if the service is deemed valuable enough really nobody cares about money as long as it's in the ballpark of what similar services costs. And When it comes to time, yes all projects starts with "we gonna start using this this week" but we also know it takes a year to roll out even the most basic tool in a medium sized organization so a couple of weeks here and there doesn't really make a difference either.

All that matters is if the tool seems to solve your problems – and the price is not significantly different from the competitors and having a sales person bugging you every single day telling you you need to make the decision now because otherwise who knows what might happen to the price – honestly they can just go ** themselves. I make the decision when I'm ready, and if they are deciding to significantly jack up the price in between that period they are just making themself less trustworthy.
And most importantly, languages.
I find myself constantly wishing for an unified online marketplace, or unified comparison website for consumer products or reviews.

Different SKUs for each country. It's just a nightmare to try and buy something in Europe
Actually, the new Armbian releases do have GPU support (I mention that in my piece).
But non PHEVs still have higher fuel economy than conventional ICE cars? Hybrid cars are more fuel efficient not only through the fact you can plug them in. They also get efficiency gains through regenerative braking and more efficient engine cycles[1], none of which requires plugging in to work.

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atkinson_cycle
What? You think the meeting was unnecessary? Well, you're the only one who disagrees with the outcome. Sounds like you're not being a team player. Let's have a meeting with HR tomorrow.
Blood biomarker profiles and longevity: comparison of centenarians and non-cent
There are no comments in either of them.
What do you like about Phoenix? I've never used Rails, but I've tried Django which was inspired by Rails and hated it.

However, I'm interested in Erlang/Elixir, so I'd like to hear what the upsides of Phoenix are.
But ultimately we have to test and release things to see what works and what doesn't. Very many usecases don't require perfect accuracy.