skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Yeah, but "publish or perish" is a thing in the West too. A lot of our academics also end up trying to fudge the numbers or cherry-pick the data to bring more significance to their work. Maybe they won't be outright disappeared into a labor camp if they don't, but their careers still depend on it. A thorough and sober analysis quietly refuting some flawed methodology is unlikely to get anywhere near the same amount of public attention compared to a sensationalist study with sometimes-true data optimally massaged for hype.

Wikipedia has a looooooong list of scientific misconduct incidents, many of them in the West: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_scientific_misconduct_...

I think a few years ago I read a metastudy on the prevalence of scientific misconduct in China vs the West, but I can't remember or find it right now :( But it's certainly not a problem unique to China.

Science in the West is heavily industry-driven, and the incentives are so muddy and often expressly designed to act against the public interest such that some local optimum could be pursued in the lead-up to some new product or service being capitalized. This sort of profit-first science is great for pursuing some things (fossil fuel developments, new cars, pharma, etc.) but not so good at dealing with difficult-to-monetize social ills (poverty and drug abuse, climate science, traffic and transit, nutrition, exercise, etc.). The monied interests are impossible to remove from the ocean of papers and severely lower the signal to noise ratio.

I don't know that China has any better answer to that, but their market system is somewhat different. Their scientists on the ground still have to feed themselves the same as ours do, but their overall societal incentives (and the forms of corruption it tends to breed) are still different.

It'll be interesting to see how all this plays out in the new few decades... (AI cold war?)
Why do you cheat? Genuinely asking, as I've stopped playing EFT due to rampant cheating.
The next few lines are:

> It is the user’s obligation to ensure that nonces don’t repeat within a session. In settings where this is infeasible, OCB should not be used.

But earlier in that section we have:

> […] The nonce doesn’t have to be random or secret or unpredictable. It does have to be something new with each message you encrypt. A counter value will work for a nonce, and that is what is recommended. […]

* https://www.cs.ucdavis.edu/~rogaway/ocb/ocb-faq.htm#nonce

So given that GCM uses a counter ("C"), and a counter is recommended for OCB, wouldn't it be simple enough to get the equivalent (?) security more efficiently?
assembler has tons of types. Bits, bytes, registers.
WebAIM Contrast Checker says the standard green/white and blue/white combos both fail by default, so you're sort of right, but, details...

> "green" #39ff5a (57,255,90) ...

This list of colors is both inaccurate and very inaccurate.

In fact, there is not one single green (or blue) color in iMessage, and anyone who says there is is mistaken.

1. The bubble colors show in a gradient from the bottom of the screen (newer messages have more contrast) to the top of the screen (older messages have less contrast). The standard green at the bottom for the newest message is measured with the macOS built-in digital color meter from a screenshot taken on my iPhone is [51,199,89]. The standard green at the top is [56,228,100].

2. The OP is just being foolish on the internet. Enabling the increased contrast accessibility mode in iOS settings turns the green at the bottom into a dark forest which very easily passes for anyone who actually needs it and isn't just talking out of their ass on the internet to bash iPhones without having used one.

> to be fair the text is also not "white"

macOS digital color meter says the text is white [255,255,255].
May contain highly carcinogenic substances
Perhaps, though fab advancements everywhere have slowed to a crawl. TSMC might not be significantly more advanced than what it is today when this fab comes online.

I believe we are rapidly approaching the end of miniaturization. Even now, node sizes are mostly fabricated just to keep advertising smaller numbers.
A 50 year old medication may halt the rise in syphilis and chlamydia
No. Extended-nonce constructions solve that problem by using the "large" nonce along with the original key to derive a new key. You then have the "small" nonce space plus the key space worth of random bits.
I have to disagree, I say Slackware is the best :)

But yes, Debian has influenced a lot of distros.
RecurrentGemma Now Available on Kaggle
Ask HN: Which websites no longer exist would you like to see back?
The parents point is more that for a functioning state, you need all of those things. If one of those things is at risk externally, bringing that one internal first makes sense.

Carriers are still very important to US force projection and hypersonic missiles are really overblown. We also seem to be readily able to take out existing hypersonic ballistics.

Also a 5 year war with the US and China that starts with a multiple thousands of missles? That’s just going to be a nuclear exchange and last not very long at all if one sides detects any launch like that.
Oregon is relatively close to the Pacific coast...
North American Robot Orders Declined by 30% in 2023
You can be transparent yet private, with information you chose to share - similar philosophy as Apple.

This podcast gives further context: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nvY4f2HWMrQ

TLDR: "You underestimate the dark side"
To the parent and its sibling comments: There is no atomic or subatomic current that can explain ferromagnetism in any approximation.

You read some Wikipedia pages and Feynman lectures of physics. I'm a physicist who has done well over a decade of research in magnetic materials.

In understanding of ferromagnetism, many incorrect theories have been proposed. By connecting ferromagnetism to circulating currents (i.e, paramagnetism and diamagnetism), you just repeated the same mistake.

You're trying to bend the words to avoid being wrong. Physics is not philosophy or debate club. There is no approximation in physics in which electron is a ball with some radius, or its spin is due to a circulating current in physics. Any such explanation attempt fails spectacularly if you actually try to do the math (which gives an electron surface that is moving faster than speed of light, as Uhlenbeck/Goudsmit who proposed this incorrect idea quickly found out), so it doesn't even work as an approximation of any kind.

> Yet the concept of spin in quantum mechanics was originally developed using macroscopic rotations as an analogy,

Who developed this theory in quantum mechanics, where and when? Pauli, who first introduced it into quantum mechanics and the namesake of spin 1/2 matrices, insisted that it is purely quantum mechanical with no classical analogue. And regardless of who said what over 100 years ago, today, it is well understood that spin has nothing to with electric charges that move or rotate in space.

More importantly, the reason ferromagnetism develops in the first place is due to exchange interaction (as I wrote above) between magnetic moments, which is due to Pauli exclusion principle and also has nothing to do with movement of charges.

Furthermore, such magnetic moments (called magnetic impurities in that context) ruin the superconducting order by breaking the time-reversal symmetry, so trying to make a connection to ferromagnetism in the context of superconductivity is even worse.
This is kind of amusing because NP problems, by definition, must have a polynomial-length certification to a given solution that can be run in polynomial time.

The word "certification" can be read as "proof" without loss of meaning.

What you're asking is slightly different: whether the proof-checking problem in logic is NP. I don't know enough math to know for sure, but assuming that any proof can be found in polynomial time by a non-deterministic Turing machine and that such a proof is polynomial in length, then yes, the proof-checking problem is in NP. Alas, I think that all of that is moot because Turing and Church's answer in the negative to the Entscheidungsproblem [1].

It would help your understanding and everyone else's if you separated the search problem for a proof from the verification problem of a proof. Something is NP when you can provide verification that runs in polynomial time. The lesser spoken about second condition is that the search problem must be solved in polynomial time by a non-deterministic Turing machine. Problems which don't meet the second condition are generally only of theoretical value.

1. https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Entscheidungsproblem
> it's always a pain to figure out why a group chat is showing up green all of a sudden; you can't tell who brought the Android to the party.

Genuinely curious -- why do you feel it's necessary to figure that out at all?
I don't think its a template, I'm afraid! Its a webflow site though
> Why not get some easy cash while letting your customers display their vanity?

Because computer wheels and monitor stands are high-demand utilities, not jewelry or makeup.
>And yet here you are, worrying that you'll end up only slightly richer than people earning ~$1M per year.

onlyrealcuzzo is comparing 2 things:

* Being a founder and working mega hours and having no life (e.g. no spouse or kids) and having a decent chance of losing most of your money as the company fails.

* Working at FAANG and making a lot of money while not having to work too much.

onlyrealcuzzo is saying the second option is better.
In my understanding feral is a domesticated creature that has found it self adapting back to the wild, while a wild creature was never domesticated at all. How can pigeons be feral?
I almost left for an ultra early startup, still running on seed money.
They offered a typical SDE2-Senior salary + 1%. I was kind of offended. I'd be inventing their core technology (which didn't exist yet and which their CTO wasn't fit to do) and probably interviewing every engineer and growing them.

Even IF they achieved a 100-300M exit, after dilution I would be compensated at best par with a FANG Senior over about 5-7y.

I was pretty excited about joining and would have been all-in. So I asked for 2-3% and was denied. Looking back, I'm glad because even 3% isn't worth it. Not when the founders are taking 10x.
I guess i'm not sure why they would transport this in the middle of the day.

Seems like starting at 8pm would mean less snarl, less traffic to deal with, etc.
I joined a startup as an engineer about 30 years ago. I was one of the first employees and one of the last to get some 'founder stock'. I took a big risk (low initial salary and even lent them money to make payroll) but it paid off. When the company was purchased 8 years later I did fairly well. Not enough to retire wealthy, but well worth the risk I took. I am glad I did it, but it could have turned out to be a big mistake.

Everyone working for a startup might have a different story to tell. Some good. Some bad. Tread lightly if you wade into the startup waters. It CAN be very rewarding but it can also lead to nowhere.
diagraming is not note taking
mind mapping is not note taking

i dont think i will ever be sold on overly visual note taking tools

emacs org mode, is a unicorn, i dont know how they came up with it
or they stumbled upon it, but its the golden standard

we just need a decent emacs on mobile devices that is it
Don't worry. No one is bothering with it outside of the hobbist market because it needs an external SPI flash chip, which one cannot protect by programming fuses. Your code is left unprotected, the Chinese can easily clone your product and put millions of units on the market. The ESP chips are a better pick even with all the bugs involved. It's quite typical of the Chinese manufacturers to have like 30 models of some product and release a few new ones every few years. The ESP is no different.
Hard for me to see Google as the good guys in this RCS situation when Google Chat is separate from Messages and Google Voice is almost totally neglected.
It's kinda obvious from the context if you know that space, but yes, it's leaving out many explanations. It's not well written for random visitors.

Anyway, Obsidian is a knowledge-tool, using Markdown. It's for taking notes, collecting information and aims to support the user in building their network of knowledge. It's pretty powerful for a markdown-editor/manager, especially because it's supporting plugins, which is feeding a small community of developers bringing up all kind of ways to enhance Obsidian.

Obsidian is very popular and well known on this site, though attention for this space comes in waves, and I would say the big hype is over for the moment. So depending on what you read here, it's possible you just missed it.
The exact settings for those params is always more
Not surprised. These animals are fascinating. We're not even sure we have caught everything from their language; maybe it's not just sound-based, and the way they shake their trump and ears or they dance counts a lot as well. I've long wondered if some of them developed some religions or even if they've overcome this need, reserving it to humans only.

Another study already showed that some monkeys have vocal words to designate a tiger and an eagle and use that to make all the group go up or down in the tree depending where the threat comes from. Elephants being more complex animals also living in groups are quite likely to have an even more elaborated language.
Angel care sensor pad is just a piezoelectric disk and a couple of plastic plates. The real Angel Care box probably does DSP to pick out heartbeat or at least breaths, so it can raise the (frequently false) alarm if something goes wrong, presumably to trigger parent action that's fast enough to prevent a SIDS death. That's the theory anyway. In practice the false alarm rate is too high.

The algorithm I do use: Over a configurable number of samples, find maximum and minimum reading. Add the difference to an accumulator. Repeat. Once a minute, retrieve the accumulator and reset to zero. With 1-minute binning, it would be too slow to raise a "not breathing" alarm - but it's perfectly fine for post-analysis. I've used it for years, and can tell with a glance at the graph how bad the night was.
There are two "dual front bumped" pieces that are in the position of the bishop today.

There is one piece next to the king that has the same structure, except no bit on the top signifying the crown.

That set is hand carved out of deer bone - this isn't a super-high quality set (compare with https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lewis_chessmen )

Another set with a similar abstract design - https://www.thehistoricgamesshop.co.uk/early-medieval-chess.... - https://sites.create-cdn.net/siteimages/33/6/5/336500/18/8/3...

> This example of 11th or 12th century chess pieces from Scandinavia, now in the Germanisches Nationalmuseum Nuremberg, shows two kings and a smaller, though similar, queen at the back right. On the left hand side are four rooks, and at the front four knights. There are two bishops between the knights and the two kings.

The pieces between the knights and the kings again have a design that makes me think of breasts again.

However, setting aside that those are bishops / elephants (with tusks), the knights at issue are without decoration have the triangular shaped heads sticking forward.

Here is an Iranian set: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shatranj#/media/File:Chess_Set...

You can see the horse like shape of the knight and two breast-suggestive elephant pieces.

https://thomasguild.blogspot.com/2013/10/byzantine-chess.htm... is a byzantine set. https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg...

> The separate chess pieces of the Sandomierz chess set. All have double/triple decorative lines at the bottom and belong to one playing set. First row: pawn (top view), bishop/elephant (side view), king (overview), counsellor (side view). Second row: king (side view), knight (front view), pawn (overview) and rook (side view). All images of this chess set are from the Sandomierz museum website.

The bishop/elephant again shows the tusks. The second row knight doesn't show the triangular shaped head as well though. You will see that the counsellor (Byzantine doesn't have the queen) is similar to that of the king, without the crown.
People forget that Pennsylvania is the birthplace of industrial petroleum extraction. There are abandoned wellheads all over, many of which exist in no records anywhere, and which are often in the middle of dense forest that has grown up since they were drilled. PA was also logged extensively for charcoal, timber, and fuel for locomotives. A forester once told me that nearly the entire state burned over during the peak of deforestation at the beginning of the 20th century.
I don't think you were ridiculous. In fact, I agree with you. I was sarcastically pointing out that whenever apple adopts some well understood technology the fanboys always gush over how innovative it is now that apple is doing it.
The notion of a nonce here is the same as that in GCM. GCM nonces aren't secret and don't need to be unpredictable; in fact, because the nonce space is so small, a common engineering recommendation is to use a durable counter.
If I'd try to describe/categorize it, I'd call it a local, ?most often? single-user, scriptable and plugginable wiki-software.

I use it for taking notes, keeping a journal, TODO-list, and to bookmark/annotate stuff. Basically my own personal "knowledge base".

Technology-wise it saves notes as markdown, optionally with a yaml-style frontmatter, built on/with javascript, and exposes a bunch of APIs making it very extensible.

A strength/weakness with it is that it exposes the end-user to all this power, and does not enforce much in the way of ways of working, so you get to define for yourself how you go about using it.

I have mostly settled on workflows that works for me, but it also seems, if I am being completely honest, like there is always some little tweaking/refactoring going on.
What is your detection hit/miss rate? What happens when you miss something?

Seems like this is going to become a cat and mouse game similar to evading AV.
That's more or less the definition of AI app for the moment, no? If it's not using an LLM[0] for whatever magic trick it's offering then it's not really an AI app. And if it mediates input/output between the user and the LLM then it's an LLM wrapper.

Every software product is a wrapper of sorts and necessarily masks the some functionality of the ingredients it's made from in order to provide a productive interface.

[0] I know there are other kinds of AI but that's not what people mean when they say AI app now, for better or worse.
Not never. E.g. all the capital we as founders put in the business before we raised our seed round was converted into Series Seed Preferred shares at the same rights as angels / seed VC. Small portion of total equity but still.
Thanks!

I did a career change from particle physics to bioengineering and neuroscience ( and now AI/ML for EE applications with bioreactors, but that's another story).

There's not a lot of recent texts really. US based academia in the last few years has been really bad, as the replication crisis turned into a dry cough; I.E. make up data all you want, no one will care.

So, I'd go back to the classics like Kandel ( https://www.amazon.com/Principles-Neural-Science-Fifth-Kande...) for the neuro side. Bioengineering really doesn't have any canonical texts yet as the field is do disparate and new still. For the only bio side, really any used text book will do, as the basics are really wide spread at this point. You can dig into good text books here: https://www.lesswrong.com/posts/xg3hXCYQPJkwHyik2/the-best-t...

I'd really recommend reading Darwin though. Going way back to the literal foundation really helps set the stage, mentally, and bring you back to what is really going on with relation to the wider human condition.

Just about any review article more than 10 years old is also going to be pretty good. I'd stay way from review articles less than 5 years old though, as things change and retractions come out.

I'll warn you though, the concepts and mental models that you've built up on the Engineering side are not really going to help you with the bio side. Yes, the study habits will help. But bio is really really complicated. You can't abstract the cow into a meter sphere of water. In bio, you really do care about that cell on the medial side of the fourth mesenchymal layer of the second stomach of the cow. You are going to have to get comfortable memorizing pathways and strange names for a few years before all the pieces will even start fitting together. Again, bio is something that's been surviving, ripping, and gouging, for ~4 billion years. She don't have time to stop and let us know what is up.
It should be pretty clear after a two decades that it is a war on islam aligned unfriendly governments.

The US largely doesn't take internal Christian terror seriously.

And we certainly don't take rural whites acting recklessly with guns to be anything but the free expression of inalienable rights.
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In Europe, either there is a dining room or there is a dining table in the living room. This has been the case since well before "1990"...
Pigeons are domesticated doves. Humans have used them for meat and, if memory serves, communication for a long time.

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feral_pigeon
Can confirm. The single-family town-home I just bought (built in 1997) has no dining room. Our dining table will be in a corner of the kitchen, what used to be called the breakfast nook. We'll be able to comfortably seat about six, but, lord help us if we ever decide we need to squeeze in a buffet or a hutch! What use do millennials have for fancy china, anyway?
It's the definition of types as set of values.
Then you have set operations on these types that are lade available.
That translates into subtyping considerations.

Cf. Castagna's et.al. For semantic subtyping.
That’s a fake account - gwern’s real account is at https://x.com/gwern. It’s usually protected, but he occasionally processes his follow requests.
Silicon Valley's Fanciest Stolen Bikes Are Getting Trafficked by One Mastermind
Calm Company Fund Is Taking a Break
We have been using https://github.com/rushter/selectolax as a faster alternative to BeautifulSoup with html5lib because many malformed webpages in the wild don't work with lxml.
It's useful to frame the event from the perspective of the users who were angry with the inclusion of the feature. AI is *everywhere* right now and the fatigue is getting to people. Many products are adding AI features that are genuinely useless and are only there for marketing purposes. Many products are putting their AI features front and center at the expense of their core competency etc.

People who responded with anger ("ragebait-hateporn") at this feel pressured on all sides by this AI hype cycle (not saying all AI features are hype, just that we are in a hype cycle where many are useless). It's getting frustrating and tired. For many it feels like the crypto hype cycle again.

It's easy to understand how "great, now even my terminal is putting AI features in?!" is the response, especially with a tool as beloved as iTerm, and as "close to the machine" as a terminal is. It's one thing for Notion to put AI things in, it's another for the interface where I regularly type sudo to do massive operations across my machine.
> ... and 280 feet long, stretching longer than a football field.

Was this written by an AI? A football field is 360 feet long.