skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
> I'm not sure if the appropriate direct sensors actually exist at low cost

In some cases the sensors do not exists, at least not at low cost.

Sensor life is also a problem.

Part of my plan was to have some parts that used long-lasting color-changing sensors with color detectors to read the colors, and the system would prompt me to change them occasionally. SeaChem's Ammonia Alert is an example. I could not find a cheap electronic sensor that would test ammonia levels in water that would work in my system.

Another part of my plan was to have replaceable sensors (if possible) so a fish breeder or reseller with 100 tanks could move a few hang-on-back water testers to one tank and see if one of them has a reading that disagrees with the majority, and swap or replace cheap sensors as required. Replaceable sensors are hard to waterproof, but it is possible. I do not know if we can hobbyist-proof replaceable waterproof sensors. The first version would probably have to be disposable.

> I do think you could basically make it automatically read physical dip-in test strips

The issue with automatically using dip-in test sticks is you do should not return the water from the dip-in test strip to the tank. You end up with a significant amount of wastewater and used test strips that the customer must empty, and then they must refill the test strips that are not supposed to be exposed to air or water. That kills the system's marketability.
> The masks I was wearing filter to about 0.3 micron

I might vaguely recall some masks claiming such filtration and failing miserably in my testing.

I would love to find such a mask that actually works. Can you please post a brand and model, or a link?

It's easy for anyone here to test them with the setup I described above.
you can use -C4 which is the same as -B4 and -A4. After, Before, Context.
Only after being exposed to (at least pictures and descriptions of) dozens if not hundreds of different types of animal and their different attributes. Literal decades of training time and carefully curated curriculum learning are required for a human to perform at what we consider ‘human level’.
These puzzles are fun and challenging in the same way that puzzles from video games like The Witness and Baba Is You are.

I bet you could use those puzzles as benchmarks as well.
A persons right to exist is not political.

There are however a bunch of things which is political like: Laws governing universal health care, laws governing minors rights to make decisions as minors, laws that makes distinctions between genders, cultural norms around bathrooms (which is mostly a stupid cost-cutting measure), and norms around cultural sports (which are fairly arbitrary).

Out of those, the first two should likely remain being political, while the two last ones should be resolved, and the middle one should just not exist.
It all depends on how you select the parts. I've ordered a set of 5 boards for $12 total including shipping and assembly.
Just throwing it out there, but from what I've seen of it Airtable compares favourably with Excel for the "ad hoc database" use case.
It looks like the $8.5B figure came from the Wall Street Journal, but: 1) it was profit, not revenue, 2) Apple disputed the margins, and 3) this was 2+ years ago using figures from 4+ years ago.

https://www.wsj.com/articles/apple-doesnt-make-videogames-bu...

Still... if that reporting is even in the ballpark it implies big gaming revenue for two companies that don't make any games.
Hi, Martin? I saw you speak at Ted Selker's NPUC conference at IBM Almaden while you were working at Netscape, and I'm old friends with your brother Paul from when he was at SGI, and I love the cool Graphica Obscura and data flow visual programming stuff he did. I remember Ted Nelson was kind of brusk with you at NPUC because he didn't approve of Netscape's approach to Hypertext of course, but it didn't seem personal, just his usual ranting about how he got it right and everybody else got it wrong. ;) So did both you and Paul work with Lynn Conway's student James Clark at PARC, Netscape and SGI, who Lynn taught VLSI design and who made the Geometry Engine, right? I'd love to hear any of your and Paul's stories from those amazing times of PARC, SGI, and Netscape, too!
For the context i tried this right after watching the video where Elon Musk says an AI trained to lie or be politically correct may have terrible decision making.

Just wanted to check what will happen when gemini-like systems will be embedded in decision making programs.
> When I moved out of computing into biochemistry and medicine, and now into climate, I found people take papers seriously, which is a pleasure.

SIGGRAPH had been around since 1974 and was well-known if you were doing anything graphics related--especially 3D. You couldn't help but trip over the algorithms you needed.

The genius was putting any of these algorithms meant for super-expensive 3D graphics hardware on a wimpy-ass 1990 PC.
Same! I haven’t come across anything like it yet.
Haven't written Swift ever but it seems very elegant language. In that spot, only go stands but go although simple but has very ugly corners such as error handling and a weird type system.

So yes for me, I might switch to Swift which seems very elegant and readable compared to some other options.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_C._Stone
I don’t understand the logic here, the land itself will be valuable regardless of whether or not there is a house there or an apartment building. The principal component of the cost of buying a house or a condo is the associated land cost. Building more density gives more people access to that land.

If your contention is that more housing is bad because it draws more economic activity which raises land values then that’s fair but this is the same as arguing for less freedom of movement. Essentially any nation that adopts your policy prescription is taking a step towards turning into the Soviet Union.

That may sound like hyperbole but that is the end result of NIMBYism and illiberal land use policy.
> How are they going to pay for all of that compute?

Hardware sales. Only the latest pro/max models will run these models, everyone else is going to have to upgrade.
Can you please stop posting in the flamewar style? You've been doing it a lot lately—not just in this thread:

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=40501414

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=40479386

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=40136616

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=40017777

This kind of thing is not ok here—it's not what HN is for, and destroys what it is for. If you wouldn't mind reviewing https://news.ycombinator.com/newsguidelines.html and sticking to the rules from now on, we'd appreciate it.
I’ve always found this kind of puzzle infuriating because it’s way underspecified. You’re not trying to find a pattern, you’re trying to guess what pattern the test writer would expect.
it's simple: Sprites!

even the most hardware-deficient gaming systems had them. The PC didn't.

Systems with hardware sprites include arcade video games of the 1970s and 1980s; game consoles including as the Atari VCS (1977), ColecoVision (1982), Famicom (1983), Genesis/Mega Drive (1988); and home computers such as the TI-99/4 (1979), Atari 8-bit computers (1979), Commodore 64 (1982), MSX (1983), Amiga (1985), and X68000 (1987). Hardware varies in the number of sprites supported, the size and colors of each sprite, and special effects such as scaling or reporting pixel-precise overlap.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sprite_(computer_graphics)

the pc had: VGA

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Video_Graphics_Array
This is great but I wish it had other storage options outside of Imgur. I use Dropshare on Mac and have it upload to my Nextcloud instance which also creates the share URL.
At least he was in a place with universal health care when it happened.
> Why do we trust human journalists exactly?

Humans are (not often enough in practice, but in principle) accountable. Look at Fox News and Alex Jones paying out over $1 billion for their lies about the election and Sandy Hook, respectively.
>discrimination was not tolerated by mgmt in the latter 90s

Talk is cheap.
Dupe of https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=40651203
My apologies as I was not clear. Copy or Save after crop, and arrows, numbers etc.

Thank you for pointing out that ShareX has an editor. I was aware that it has that feature but I do not remember the specifics on why I went back to Flameshot.

The lacking features of Flameshot is that once you move away from the editor, you can not go back and make alterations. Not that I am aware of anyway.
Ukraine Creates a New Branch of the Military: Unmanned Systems Forces
I had this as a kid when my mum used to tell be a bunch of stuff to remember at 7am before she left. Needless to say I rarely remembered having the conversation in the first place
I've been calling it sludge since it started to clog the internets all over the place (like cat photos but so much less cute or real). Slop works too though.
If we look at 1800s, and take any single year in terms of causalities, how would it compare to 2024? Would 2024 be closer to the top or bottom ten deadliest years of 1800s?
You're right that GPU is a misnomer these days. The top-end chips are for HPC and scientific computing in general. Good for training, inference, and non-AI applications such as molecular dynamics simulations. They can accelerate FFT and linear solvers. Their applications are broader than AI/ML. Useful for physics simulations.
*3001#12345#*

Put it in your dialer for detailed info. It used to be able to show real signal levels instead of bars once activated but now this is where we are. Need a little test kit to get the full info. May need to re-enter or reboot to exit the mode. Depends on the phone.

I’ve been in a lot of bad signal areas proposing repeaters or diagnosing issues and used it.
Not to be confused with “T punch” — short for “petit punch” — a West Indian cocktail made of white rum and granulated sugar.
Somewhat unrelated, but given that anyone can vote anonymously, how is the TTS-Arena protecting itself against bots or even rings of humans gaming the system?
> Programmable NVIDIA GPUs are very inspiring to hardware geeks, proving that processors with an original, incompatible programming model can become widely used.

Got me laughing at the first line.
How does it compare to this recent Show HN, MARS5 [0]? Coqui is not maintained anymore so I'd be interested in what the SOTA is for open source TTS.

[0] https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=40616438
I've rarely seen cashiers use their mouse. The issue is training. And the terminal lands you directly in the guts of the computer. The mouse is safe because there's limited actions you can do with it. But people are OK with learning the keybindings for whatever game they want to play. What's distressing is when the software changes randomly after an update. Imagine retraining from Office 2003 to 2007 with the ribbon. Or windows 7 to Windows 8.
Lots of factors to consider when comparing across those time periods. Hedonic adjustment is huge, and mortgage interest rates averaged over 13%. I'd much (much) rather live in 2024 and make $200k than live in 1985 and make $60k.
Tell me more about how Threads is going to eat their lunch or was it going to be federated everything, or bluesky? Which one is it now?

I guess network effects don’t matter when the guy is charge says things you don’t like.
> More than a century ago, “words of one syllable” was a trend in publishing:

In a similar but much-more-approachable vein, XKCD's focus on simple words for Up Goer Five [0] which also spawned a book Thing Explainer [1].

[0] https://xkcd.com/1133/

[1] https://blog.xkcd.com/2015/05/13/new-book-thing-explainer/
You need to carefully select JLC basic parts. QSPI, XOSC, etc. can all be had without paying fees. I've ordered 5+ boards with RP2040s that have come out to "cheaper than Pico" prices.
https://swiftwasm.org

https://github.com/swiftwasm/swift

https://github.com/swiftwasm/WasmKit
The battle for AI really needs to be won with FOSS like it happened with Linux.

I can't imagine a future where AI is only controlled by the powerful and wealthy.

Honestly, we take many of the great things we have thanks to FOSS for granted and come to think of it, if those were to be invented today, they would be locked behind a subscription fee or entirely discontinued because VC's couldn't figure out how to make money from them.
Taiwan and Korea built capable semiconductor fab ecosystems because of their countries’ economic development position, not despite their precarious political position.

People need to understand fabs are both skilled labor and automation intensive. Apart from that there are supplier ecosystems that only exist in those regions. Korea and Taiwan needed to have globalized export economies. Their education standards and culture are a good fit for scale manufacturing, both still had conscription military service. The labor at the time 80-90’s and currently is still highly competitive for their skilled labor force.

EU semiconductor is not a joke but the tools and wafer size are not state of art. I know EUV machine is a product of EU, but that moonshot tool is something that can only come out of a long dev government subsidized program like CERN and the bosson. They aren’t exporting that tool into the EU too it’s going right to Asia.

The EU is full of high living standards and well educated people but the semiconductor production is mainly serving local consumption (or local companies supply chains, automotive parts). EU does research but that doesn’t translate to at scale fabs.

EU gets protective and wants to secure local supply for their own tool vendors and needs to understand that smaller local machine brands cannot compete with the majors for the run of mill machines. EUV is a different story that thing is anomaly and power to them for following up on it.

Also strong labor organizations don’t attract capital. And semiconductor cannot take the month of August off.

US has capital and plenty of cheap land and cheap labor but still more expensive than Asia standards. Depending on state non existent labor protections and competitive environment permits. Not great education standards. Excellent skilled immigration. But still not leading in semi production especially with the old guard just keep losing. Still strong #2 though. And the ecosystem is nowhere near as integrated as Seoul. Like would you leave your hame family and friends in Oregon to startup a next gen Fab in Phoenix? No way. Geography isn’t doing US favors there for dynamism.
I think people have a huge misunderstanding about what a wrongful termination is. Unless you're part of a union or work in the state of Montana, which most software developers do not, then you can be fired for any reason or no reason at all as long as it doesn't violate your civil rights or some kind of public policy exemption.
How is it solved using AI?

> Very few journalists are doing "boots on the ground" interviews

So at least a few are then? That's more boots than AI has
End of the beginning.
That's a fair point, and the 6s is a great piece of hardware imo. I just find it frustrating that after security updates stop for my mac, I can definitely keep using software that's always worked on it, supposing I have the executable and any third-party backend services are still running. On my old iPad 3, since the App Store is the central software distributor, more and more apps have been pulled off of it at the discretion of the publisher. It was never really that useful of a device to begin with, but to use the same software, I'd need to buy a new piece of hardware, despite new iPads offering practically nothing substantial in terms of added value (for me) since mine came out. They're nice I guess, but not hundreds or thousands of dollars nice when I likely wouldn't use them for anything different.
> IMO Swift 6 is a better Go and than Go, and a better Rust for app-dev type stuff, which seems to be what people want to use Rust for.

This is a great assessment. There are some shortcomings in go that I wish weren't and I'm kind surprised that people having decades of language design experience under their belt ended up designing go.

I'm looking for a way to generate server stubs from OpenAPI specs. If that, I'm all set with Vapor+OpenAPI and would retire go for my container adventures.
> Chomsky reminds us every time we let him: human children learn to understand and use language — an incredibly complex and nuanced domain, to say the least — with shockingly little data and often zero-to-none intentional instruction.

Chomsky's arguments about "poverty of the stimulus" rely on using non-probabistic grammars. Norvig discusses this here: https://norvig.com/chomsky.html

> In 1967, Gold's Theorem showed some theoretical limitations of logical deduction on formal mathematical languages. But this result has nothing to do with the task faced by learners of natural language. In any event, by 1969 we knew that probabilistic inference (over probabilistic context-free grammars) is not subject to those limitations (Horning showed that learning of PCFGs is possible).

If I recall correctly, human toddlers hear about 3-13 million spoken words per year, and the higher ranges are correlated with better performance in school. Which:

- Is a lot, in an absolute sense.

- But is still much less training data than LLMs require.

Adult learners moving between English and romance languages can get a pretty decent grasp of the language (C1 or C2 reading ability) with about 3 million words of reading. Which is obviously exploiting transfer learning and prior knowledge, because it's harder in a less related language.

So yeah, humans are impressive. But Chomsky doesn't really seem to have the theoretical toolkit to deal with probabilistic or statistical learning. And LLMs are closer to statistical learning than to Chomsky's formal models.
This will affect what I eat. I wonder what it will do for the plant-sourced UPF industry.
(not directed at parent specifically) Do you have to link againt musl? I have some C applications that I link into a static binary using the glibc-static package (in Fedora). Can the same be used with Rust?
LinkedIn has real-time p2pfeatures and they use webrtc for that.
I mean, everyone directly involved in the creation of a product should at least share the credit and share the blame. Software developers are not special robotic automatons without agency.
What are you using for syncing? I was looking into multiple CRDT solutions and wasn't sure what to use. In your package.json I couldn't find any specific CRDT or syncing library so I'm presuming you're syncing manually, how are you doing that and handling conflicts?
I don't doubt there are genuine performance reasons for some PIPs, but there are countless political reasons too. A direct report may make a manager look bad by knowing more than them, question their decisions, have favor in other parts of the organization, etc. Many managers can only succeed by extinguishing any dissent and hiring beholden loyalists.
There's a lot of complexity to software and you either learn how it works or find someone that does. And it's not a tangible item like a car, where you can intuit your way around.

But I much prefer to host something locally and give my family access than letting them suffer the whims of big tech.
You could e.g. not work in startup culture but work in Research, Tertiary education or for the government.

I decided to work in the not for profit sector for a far lower salary than FAANG and I have never regretted it. I am told by government employees the paperwork can be obscene, but you actually do sometimes get things done. it depends which agency.
Within apple’s lockdown mode you can disable 2G.
Related: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=40651715
I believe with black walnuts the juglone, which isn't present in oak galls, is responsible for much of the color. You should be careful with juglone. It can cause skin irritation. Apparently people do make ink from it.
If you’re changing your name and identity, don’t have a network, and can’t put any previous experience on your CV, I think that would absolutely qualify as a career restart today, even if you’re in the same broad industry and using many of the same skills.
I don’t know why anyone would find this surprising. Ultra processed foods are practically devoid of any meaningful nutrition. It’s not the calories We need to worry about, but the lack of vitamins and minerals that power the enzymes in our body that we need to worry about.

Edit to add: I guess people are down voting this because they’re misinterpreting what I’m saying. I’m not saying that you can eat all the calories you want, but you can’t metabolize calories if you don’t have the nutrition that powers the enzymes for the metabolism of the calories.
>YAML isn't programming language...
C is programming language, put all your cicd logic in c.
Please don't take word for it. It's easily verifiable historical fact.
They have second order effects, usually wrt competition.

Tesla might not be your favorite car, but it has created robust competition in EVs, and made the incumbent car manufacturers have to compete.

Someday if you need internet in your cabin or RV, starlink made it easier even if you don't use them.
My understanding is the labor, inverters, batteries (in that order) are the bottlenecks on price per kWh.
Ah, very cool. Thanks for the link and write up
I'm thankful that the paper clearly defines exactly what UPF food is, with a reference, which is something sorely lacking from popular media on the topic:

> UPF, the fourth group of the Nova classification system, are industrial formulations made by deconstructing whole foods into chemical constituents, altering and then recombining them with additives into products that are alternatives to the other three Nova groups and freshly prepared dishes and meals based on them.12 While these three Nova groups (unprocessed/minimally processed foods, culinary ingredients, and processed foods) include foods commonly found in traditional diets worldwide, some of which are associated with health and longevity, UPF is identified as a distinct group that poses health risks.

Its the Nova classification, something that I have previously only noticed in comments on news articles, rather than in the news articles themselves.
It's a delayed evaluation, as I understand it?
Norma Hussey: A new hope; for the subject and for the symbolic (2018) [video]
I think most people want to find things to laugh at him about because his extraordinary achievements fill them with a subconscious shame.

"My life may be mediocre by comparison but at least I dont ....like Elon"
What kind of "bigger labs" have attempted it and how much was their training budget?

It's rather surprising to me that neural nets that can learn to win at Go or Chess can't learn to solve these sorts of tasks. Intuitively would have expected that using a framework generating thousands of playground tasks similar to the public training tasks, a reinforcement learning solution would have been able to do far better than the actual SOTA. Of course the training budget for this could very well be higher than the actual ARC-AGI prize amount...
But...it is literally safer today than at any other time in the world previously (during human habitation). You might just have become more jaded or cautious over these years, as it is also well-established that younger people tend to be less cautious than older people.
It was a public announcement. https://openai.com/index/openai-and-apple-announce-partnersh...

OpenAI models run on Azure infrastructure. Apple is just a client and will be paying Microsoft via OpenAI to run it.

Apple also has their own models running on their own infrastructure. I'm not saying that Microsoft or OpenAI has anything to do with that.
Longterm AU resident, used to watch. It got "meh" -they fall back on tropes.
Eat (edit: whole foods) like your grandparents, don't smoke tobacco, exercise.