skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
> all AI models just corrupt knowledge they don't purify knowledge like humanity

You got to take a step back and look at LLMs like ChatGPT. With 180 million users and assuming 10,000 tokens per user per month, that's 1.8 trillion interactive tokens.

LLMs are given tasks, generate responses, and humans use those responses to achieve their goals. This process repeats over time, providing feedback to the LLM. This can scale to billions of iterations per month.

The fascinating part is that LLMs encounter a vast diversity of people and tasks, receiving supporting materials, private documents, and both implicit and explicit feedback. Occasionally, they even get real-world feedback when users return to iterate on previous interactions.

Taking a role of assistant LLMs are primed to learn from the outcomes of their actions, scaling across many people. Thus they can learn from our collective feedback signals over time.

Yes, that uses a lot of human in the loop, not just real world in the loop, but humans are also dependent on culture and society, I see no need for AI to be able to do it without society. I actually think that AGI will be a collective/network of humans and AI agents, this perspective fits right in. AI will be the knowledge and experience flywheel of humanity.
GPU_s_, ideally high-end ones, though.
> That's still focused exclusively on the time spent doing the task.

What do you think the sentence “acquiring it every time they want to do anything” means? Buying it from the store??
The free will debate usually falls into two camps. One holds that we have free will, period. The other holds that it’s some kind of illusion, period.

I believe that we have it but it is not some kind of context free limitless divine power. It’s constrained like all other real things.

Our free will is more like the ailerons on a plane. It can steer the plane. It cannot make the plane stop instantly or make 90 degree hard turns. It cannot stop another plane from running into you, or stop a bird strike, or rescue the plane if the wing falls off.

I think what I’m getting at is that as our technology for influencing each other advances we can never be sure exactly where we are in comparison to the strength of our own free will. At what point might we invent ways to influence each other that renders us mindless biological robots?
The gear advantage of a mid-drive rocks but I was quite surprised that I chewed through a rear cassette in under a year / about 1k miles -- a 250W motor + heavy cargo bike + kid passenger + a large and pretty strong rider exert an awful lot of force. And with the assist, I almost never use the larger cogs, so all the wear gets concentrated. (This compares to many, many thousand miles on my road bike.)

Still love the thing, though.
Kinda, but also not entirely.

One of the things OpenAI did to improve performance was to train an AI to determine how a human would rate an output, and use that to train the LLM itself. (Kinda like a GAN, now I think about it).

https://forum.effectivealtruism.org/posts/5mADSy8tNwtsmT3KG/...

But this process has probably gone as far as it can go, at least with current architectures for the parts, as per Amdahl's law.
They're not rooting for a schizophrenic murderer, they're rooting for an agent of chaos and antihero who represents their own alienation, frustration and hatred of "the system," a need for catharsis in a world that won't allow them praxis. That interpretation of the Joker has been around for a long time.

I mean, America was founded by people who thought the government should be risen up against and torn down with violence every other decade, just to keep things spicy. And that was the rich, white, Christian gentry that the American political system was created to empower and protect. Just imagine how women, non-Christians, non-white immigrants and black people, indigenous people, gay and transgendered people, and everyone else for whom that system has been at best callous and indifferent and at worse actively malicious feels.

A misanthropic hatred of society and its constructs is hard-coded into the American zeitgeist, by way of the sanctifying of revolutionary violence as a virtue by the Second Amendment and the ideals of the founders. "Hatred" in this sense has been the primary engine by which America has been forced, incrementally and often against its own instincts, to live up to its own ideals, and the more "free" America becomes, the more the hatred of America and its own hypocrisy and self-contradiction spreads. This is nothing new, it's always been there.
The uniqueness of COVID is stated in the article:

> Contrary to public belief, he warns, COVID is not like the flu. New variants evolve much faster, making annual shots inadequate. He believes that if things continue as they are, with new COVID variants emerging and reinfections happening rapidly, the majority of Americans may eventually grapple with some form of Long COVID.

> Let’s repeat that: At the current rate of infection, most Americans may get Long COVID.

Vaccines do not prevent transmission, and each reinfection increases your chances for Long COVID. Sure, your second infection might be like a cold, but the third could do you in for good. For the person next to you, it might be 4th/5th infection, etc. But either way, it's a risky gamble for most people to be making blindly, especially as time marches forward with no end game in sight.
The Sociological Study of Mental Illness: A Historical Perspective (2016)
Landmarks. It's similar to how directions are given in other countries with large urban areas and shaky addressing systems.

"Turn left at this coffee shop, right at the second church..."

When my wife first moved to the U.S. from Korea I couldn't figure out why she was so insistent on using landmarks to navigate, but eventually learned this was the reason. When we went out to rural areas where I grew up, she would become completely lost because it's not generally as landmark dense and the mental system she had accumulated didn't work as well. That was when she finally had to learn the U.S. system.
I don't know where you are from, but in Canada there's a clear distinction between those 2 degres.
Jan 6th was done via what as near as I can tell are cult indoctrination and mass scale rabble rousing techniques as old as civilization. If newer tech like this was used it was to boost the effect.

I think it’s possible that the I AM cult was the template for some of it like Qanon. Look into the tail end of that cults saga when they tried to set up a march on DC to set up their cult leader as king. Flynn and a few others have made direct references to it such as Flynn’s weird I AM inspired prayers at Q events.

As Hubbard said… want to get rich and powerful, start a religion.
I think you might right about NVDA overplaying it’s hand here. One reason why nvidia has managed a monopoly is that the market they were in has never appealed to the really big players. With the current pricing that has changed. PyTorch already supports AMD and Arc GPU… not sure how seamlessly though.

I think SW is hardly ever a strong moat. Given the right incentive it’s a moat that can be bridged. In this case avoiding nvda tax is a huge incentive.
So is Llama3 the best right now for programming-related inquiries? Say, making my Elixir code adhere to OTP principles.
Who are you seeing being punished for criticising organisations? In general it’s extremely difficult for an organisation to sue an individual for defamation.
If you get the wrong brand of croissants you can still eat them safely. That's what's different, so different the analogy falls apart.

> This isn't even a new or unique thing when it comes to metals. Forged or missing bar codes/certificates are often used to smuggle very much real gold bars that were either stolen, sourced from a country that blocks trading gold with the destination, or have some other reason to be passed under the radar. That there's no proper trail to trace their origin doesn't somehow mean that it's not feasible to determine whether they are actually gold (and what grade of gold they are) or counterfeit bars made from other metals.

It's not new or unique, but it's especially hard or impossible to test these parts without melting everything down and completely remaking them.
As a neuroscientist, I can say that calling it "neurotargeting" vastly, vastly overstates the contribution of "neuro" to these ads. Advertising has had more than a century of practical experience in manipulating the human mind. fMRI studies have added approximately zero to this understanding.

Really, fMRI studies are their own form of neurotargeting, though aimed at ad buyers rather than ad consumers. Pretty colorful pictures of the brain convey the idea "Gosh, we're so smart and advanced and differentiated from those other ad agencies", even if those pretty pictures provided basically no new insights into how to sell anything.
Very clearly, you haven’t been to a NASCAR race or monster truck rally in at least a decade. Not many oligarchs. Lots of kids.
>Enfranchisement for women and racial minorities in the United States took centuries to codify, and these citizens are still disproportionately excluded from participating in elections

No acknowledgement whatsoever of poor people. Clearly this is a trash article.
Isn't the big problem that BM25 (and friends) will help you find (and rank) exact search terms (or stemmed varieties of that search term), whereas semantic search can typically find items out-of-dictionary but "close" semantically? SPLADE, on my reading of it, seems to do a "pre-materialization" of the out-of-dictionary part.
> The way it has been construed, the ATS empowers US courts to do whatever they want if some foreign conduct offends the sensibilities of some Americans.

I'm no expert, but this seems overbroad and even flat-out wrong.

1. Here's something from The New Republic [0] (certainly not a bastion of right-wing thought) earlier this week: "In recent history, as well, the U.S. has closed off some of the few venues through which victims of human rights violations committed by corporations can be heard in U.S. courts. In Kiobel v. Royal Dutch Petroleum [1], in 2012 [sic; 2013], the Supreme Court ruled that the Alien Tort Statute does not apply to human rights violations committed outside of the country, unless claimants can prove a strong connection to the United States."

2. From the Court's 9-0 decision in Kiobel:

<quote>

The question presented is whether and under what circumstances courts may recognize a cause of action under the Alien Tort Statute, for violations of the law of nations occurring within the territory of a sovereign other than the United States.

***

[N]othing in the text of the statute suggests that Congress intended causes of action recognized under it to have extraterritorial reach.

The ATS covers actions by aliens for violations of the law of nations, but that does not imply extraterritorial reach—such violations affecting aliens can occur either within or outside the United States.

Nor does the fact that the text reaches "any civil action" suggest application to torts committed abroad; it is well established that generic terms like "any" or "every" do not rebut the presumption against extraterritoriality.

</quote>

(Extra paragraphing added.)

3. Then a few years later in Jesner v. Arab Bank, PLC (2018) [2], the Court said, 5-4: "With the ATS [Alien Tort Statute], the First Congress provided a federal remedy for a narrow category of international-law violations committed by individuals. Whether, more than two centuries on, a similar remedy should be available against foreign corporations is similarly a decision that Congress must make." (Emphasis added.)

And of course the Court has gotten much more conservative and pro-business since 2013 and 2018 ....

[0] https://newrepublic.com/article/182589/chiquita-colombia-dea...

[1] https://scholar.google.com/scholar_case?case=622061642165784...

[2] https://scholar.google.com/scholar_case?case=157429310963466...
Network Scenarios Cheatsheet
One thing this explains is why ASan has false negatives. It's a great tool, but the typical comment that it fully mitigates memory safety issues is just not true (even assuming your tests actually trigger the memory safety bugs, which unlike eg code coverage there's no knowing if you achieved or not)
A critical property of active neurodefense is denial of emotion sensing to the adversary. This means no iris sub-second response data, facial expressions, or heart rate via cameras and wifi radar sensing via local AI/ML inference. Use an OS which keeps sensor data on-device, via some kind of security enclave.
Piggy backing on this, image sensors using CSI are quite common. I don't know if anyone has this application, but theoretically if you wanted more than a few (I think even higher end processors cap out at 4) video streams in comes.... FPGAs. Maybe the newer Qualcomm XR chipsets can deal with that but an FPGA seems more attainable.
As captured in the classic Neal Stephenson and George Jewsbury novel (released under the pen name Stephen Bury) “Interface”.

Democracy hasn’t functioned as it was “intended” for, well, ever. It was never alive to be killed, which makes this useless handwringing.
I've historically never been complaining and it's really bad for carreer development, you end up in dead ends which nobody wants to do and not rewarded for it.

While it's a useful skill for your personal life, it's not really working in a company.
The reference section at the end is pure gold.
The physical one, which is more reliable to boot because it's emulating the actual USB-DVD/USB-HD/USB-flash interfaces when you use it.

https://www.iodd.shop/IODD-ST400-USB-30-External-Encrypted-H...

I love using my IODD in "dual-mode" with Clonezilla. It exposes a USB-DVD drive with an emulated Clonezilla DVD in it as well as its' HDD storage so I can dump an image right to the hard drive.

(Bonus points: I can then have Clonezilla bundle me a clonezilla-iso package of my captured image, and save it back into the ISO folder to boot from later!)
“rare planetary alignment occurring once every 175 years” according to https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voyager_program
Measure a Machine's Heart
Syzygy imo largely failed to be adopted because microcontrollers (& app processors) haven't improved all that much. We are barely seeing a lane or two of pcie 2 appear.

I am just aghast at how slow so much of the computing world moves. Cortex A53 is twelve years old, & still rampantly abundant & the go to option, or it's barely improved at all A55. We still see lots of A7's too for lower power, only barely beginning to be replaced by A32. The M7 has been a significant boost but the M3/4 are enduring. ADC/DAC have gotten a bit better for microcontrollers, but we are so far away from bandwidth & connectivity being competed on, being competitive.

This was a more hopeful future.
In the US the term supermarket is synonymous with grocery store. There will never be a point where an American supermarket will have half of it's products made in China.

That being said almost all of the non-grocery products in the U.S. are already made elsewhere with cheap labor, i.e. Asia, Latin and South America, etc.
Voyager 1 is expected to shut down around 2025 because its power source, the Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generators (RTGs), is running out of juice. These RTGs have been gradually losing power since the spacecraft was launched in 1977. As the power drops, Voyager will have to turn off its scientific instruments and other systems, eventually going silent after an amazing run.
But the people who built those production lines are still in china (and a few other places). In a case of a wider trade war with china, where are the people who built eg. foxconn? Are there enough US apple employees with skills to recreate production in US?

High end custom stuff, sure... but at the end of the day, you need cheap shoes for millions of people to wear every day, and not a lot of those are made in US.

I live in a small eu country and here, the chinese (hisense) bought one of our companies, just to be able to do the final assembly stage of electronics, to stick the "made in eu" sticker on.. everything else is done elswehere, including that companies original products. And we used to be a former socialist country that produced everything, from cars to computers, tvs, etc.... now we don't have enough basic electricians and plumbers for household work, before even thinking about building any kind of massive production facilities. Even kids want to be influencers, not assembly line workers (and we have to import those too).
It seems like a fair statement from the reporter. Unless they know definitively whether the driver is cited or not then the outcome is unclear.

That said I hope there are repercussions for the driver
Probably, but the court that I think would be most likely to rule against it is the ECHR (i.e. the EC court).

I believe that the government would have lost if this had been brought to the ECHR.
Yeah I get it, but it's ten utterances vs four.
Well, if you intend to contribute to a game engine written in C++, it is of course of advantage if you can program in C++. But there are also game engines written in Go and other garbage collected languages (see e.g. https://www.dragonflydb.io/game-dev/engines/golang). There are also games written in Go. By the end of the day it's mostly a question of preference. As of Figma, as far as I understand it runs as Wasm; so essentially it can be written in any language which can compile to Wasm (which includes Go).
This is what Harari and others have been warning for a while. Once you build profiles for everyone, you can craft stimuli that controls their behavior and in that way rule them.
I wonder if in an application you could branch on something more abstract than tokens. While there might by 50k token branches and 1k of reasonable likelihood, those actually probably cluster into a few themes you could branch off of. For example “he ordered a …” [burger, hot dog, sandwich: food] or [coke, coffee, water: drinks] or [tennis racket, bowling ball, etc: goods].
You can historically prove a misdeed, but how do you prove atonement other than a prison sentence ? Even then, how does that prove change ?
Following "easily defeated" with "teaching everyone" gave me an audible chuckle.
> To better understand neurotargeting and its ongoing threats to democracy, we spoke with one of the foremost experts on the subject: Emma Briant, a journalism professor at Monash University and a leading scholar of propaganda studies.

Actually, this sounds instead of the best way to understand the subject, the best way to get a very narrow and biased view and fear mongering view. Basically, this is someone whose whole career is dependent on convincing people that there is a problem whether or not there is.
Can’t really assess the quality of a pay walled article, but HUAWEI non capability to meet security criteria is something that was proven by someone very close to me (high school buddy working as a secirity specialist for counterspionage agency in Italy)
This evidence was mostly used as leverage to lower unit of piece cost by the government for low risk devices, whatever you get by my factual experience is up to you
https://archive.ph/5gGTR
It's been nearly 8 years now and the elite class still seems reluctant to come to grips with the fact that they lost an election to a boorish gameshow host not because of foreign adversaries or clever marketing but because many people not in their social circle decided they preferred him to another political dynasty that didn't appear to represent their interests -- and in fact made it a point to openly despise these voters publicly by calling them deplorable. It isn't rocket science.
NASA extends Starliner stay at ISS for additional testing
Has Tesla actually stated that in a clear manner? They seem a bit cagey about such data.
Very interesting article!

I'm curious if anyone in the field can comment how this compares to other targeted cancer therapies.

That is, the way these drugs are created is essentially one "end" of the drug binds to a protein that is specific to cancer cells. That end is attached to some radiogenic nuclide that is then taken up by the cancer cell which damages DNA and then causes cell death.

It's seems to me, as a layman, that the hard part would be designing the "targeting" end of the drug, but I would think that there would be a whole host of agents/poisons that you could attach to that targeting end that would damage the cancer cell. The article talks at length about the practical manufacturing complexities of getting the radioactive substance attached to the targeting molecule an delivering it in a timely fashion. So my question is, why is using a radioactive agent here better than using some cytotoxic chemical agent? Seems to me like using some chemical poison would be easier to manufacture and deliver than radiation.

I have no experience in this field so just curious.
Could or did it already and we are living the aftermath nowadays?
> Looking like our planet might prove this one to be pretty close to accurate at least in our case

Sorry, but modern Doomerism needs at least a dozen more orders of magnitude on its confidence that we'll all die before it can claim any part in Fermi's paradox.
"neurotargetting" is just advertising.

I think the authors overlook a more serious turn of politics in the past 50 years: politicians have monotonically been hoarding powers in the name of safety , technocracy or simply "trust us bro". This leaves the voting population unaccountable for their own choices, since none of their bad choices was allowed to affect them negatively. This made people vote increasingly with Pathos, aware that there will be no real consequences, or they will become a burden for the next generation.
The submit button is not working
It would destroy coding boot camps and outsourcing but many people already pursue B.S. degrees in Computer Science or Computer Engineering. If the laws changed to require a 5 year paid apprenticeship that allowed you to skip the college degree I don't think too many people entering the field would be upset so long as we planned and accounted for the transition (like a path towards accreditation for currently employed software developers since no accredited "masters" exist to pair under right now).

I think another issue is that there's no feasible inspection process or liability management. We have crap like SOC2 and PCI compliance but they're so dependent on self reporting that they mean little practice. Mountains of spaghetti code accumulated over decades are not inspectable like a building is. Software salary costs are already very high and this would push it even further up. It would eliminate offshoring/outsourcing as an option from businesses and they would lobby hard against it. Uncertified software products from other countries would need import controls, and all other sorts of issues that don't exist in our unregulated environment right now

It's also hard to imagine what sort of massive software failure would be required to spur regulatory change that we haven't already experienced and collectively shrugged and did nothing about.