skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Facial shape, size, and facial hair (as another commenter here already mentioned) can absolutely matter in mask fit and seal. This is a very common problem in CPAP masks, which use an inflated bladder to adjust to the face of shape. So I can't imagine this *not* being a problem in N95 masks which don't have a bladder but only an edge of slightly flexible material.

And if we're being pedantic, men typicall have ~10% larger lung capacity than women, which may well have an impact on mask performance as well.

So while the original commenter was factually incorrect, the concern doesn't seem terribly far fetched to me.
I didn’t notice that this was a bot comment until I’d already wasted an embarrassing amount of time reading it.
I am in BC, Canada which has similar things but yeah, in hindsight, I should have taken some time off, but it was a while ago now (7 years).
Good luck with this! Let us know how it goes.

Founders have leverage, because they started the company. If you don't like it, start your own and don't join someone else's.
> Not sure where in the world you are

US

> but any country with public healthcare (most of the first world)

You may not be familiar with US healthcare but the US both does and doesn't have public healthcare. It generally depends on which political party dominates the state gov.

> you [someone else] can do a sleep study free or low copayment.

How nice!

> A basic CPAP you can usually rent,

Not without a Rx.

> and you can switch off call home functions on all the ones I've seen.

That's cool but we're talking about something different - collecting data not blocking it. Specifically, the data collected by CPAP that's used to lower AHI.

CPAP makers like ResMed lock their data behind proprietary formats. The software that can read proprietary CPAP data is federally limited to Drs.
I'm a gringo and have driven all over NW Mexico: BCS/BCN and Sonora. So cities: Guaymas, Nogales, Puerto Peñasco, Mexicali, Tijuana, Ensenada, La Paz, Cabo, etc. With my wife and occasional daughter, we've city-hiked extensively CDMX, Querétaro, Guadalajara, Oaxaca, and by design not the wealthiest areas. Also by design we are happiest when we're the only gringos around, for instance in a restaurant. We all stick out prominently. I hiked across lower middle class Guadalajara and rode the new subway back to the centro and I had nothing but positive interactions the whole way.

In summary every one of these trips has been a positive experience with nary a rotten situation, although one has to be careful on the further reaches of the Metro de la Ciudad de México. Even then, behavior matters, and I've extricated us from a possibly escalatory situation by just acting like a native, no problemo.
Even done the early Sunday traffic ticket (in Guaymas) with a few hours cooling our heels at (not in) the police station before la mordita set us free. We were finally brought before el jefe, and had to listen to an impenetrable Sonoran dialect harangue (I couldn't pick out the numbers!). When he paused for a while, I respectfully fanned $150US or so of pesos in front of him, he picks the fine. About $80US. Not rotten though. Rotten is when you find yourself adjacent to near future health issues.

I read various Mexico news sites in Spanish and the facts are if you are a low status Mexicano not living close to a city center it seems occasionally quite gruesome. In the US our family has explored the deepest wildernesses by ourselves all over the country, and never had a problem[1]. In México I wouldn't dare do such a thing. I also wouldn't travel at night outside of the nice areas of city centers.

If you want to learn more about what it's like for the low status Mexicanos working extraordinarly hard to make a living in the rural areas of Mexico, I highly recommend the recent (poorly edited and overly verbose) book "Searching For Modern Mexico". He has a section focusing on the avocado industry situation, which is just awful. My heart goes out to those people.

We're all converging in Tijuana soon to spend a while in Ensenada, including snorkeling south of Ensenada not that far from where those poor surfers had the ultimate rotten experience. => give up the vehicle, walk out.

We love Mexico.

[1] Uh... well there was that one time decades ago when we were hiking on a remote trail in the N. Georgia mountains and we got held up at gunpoint by a bandido in flip flops(!). I gave him the $2 in my wallet and we hiked back out of there pronto!.
The first iPhone was Apple's first attempt at a modern touch screen device too. I think the difference is mainly in the extreme amount of care for details Apple seems to have for everything user related.
Well yeah, but that’s mostly because the vaccine wasn’t approved until after their party came into power after the 2020 election, despite Trump’s attempts to rush out a vaccine before the election.
It's normally considered a bad salary in comparison to what you could be making. I won't speak for the poster but I left a ~$1m / year TC job ($300k base the rest RSUs) to join a startup. I have a good salary compared to the population at large but it's a fraction of what I could be making on the hope that my equity turns into something meaningful that makes up for it.
Did you write this? /s
No, it's not like this everywhere. Wow, 2010 to 2015 was an amazing time for me. I was in a new branch of an existing, profitable company, doing a greenfield project that created a new, profitable line of business, working with a small team, doing coding and design that implemented a solution that solved real problems for real people.

That job didn't start getting "why bother" until 2020 or so.

Companies are only good places to work until they're not. When they become not good places, it's time to move on. But there are still decent places, so keep looking.
> Compensation is based on what kind of job it is, not what sector it is in.

No, compensation is influenced by all three of sector, job type, and location (and a bunch of other things that aren't relevant to the discussion here), not job type alone.

It's funny that people here widely recognize that this is true of tech job types (that compensation is worse outside of tech hubs and outside of the tech industry), but you somehow don't realize that its true generally.

> Mushing the two together makes for a meaningless article

The article isn't mushing sector and job type together, its talking about sector and location (tech sector jobs in the Bay Area.) Bad reading comprehension confuses explicit reference to sector to some weird hybrid of sector and job type (or just the latter, as seen in your initial response before you migrated to the “mushing together” misreading), but the article is clear, explicit, and correct.

> If you want a tech salary, get a STEM education and apply for a tech job.

No one, and certainly not the article, is saying that non-tech jobs in the tech industry should expect similar pay to tech jobs in the industry (indeed, the article makes no normative argument at all); the article is reporting on a decline in pay affecting jobs in the tech industry in the Bay Area in a specified time period.
I think the reasoning is very simple. Everything that happens happens in space through time. Intelligent systems must solve problems where they observe what's happening in space over some amount of time, and then predict whats going to happen to space over some other amount of time.
Carbonite: Audit Trails for Elixir and PostgreSQL
For more information about what that means, see this playground [0] from the TypeScript docs. PL people often make a big deal about TypeScript's lack of soundness as though it was some kind of mistake, but it was very much an intentional choice given the trade-offs they were making at the time.

If Elixir can pull off soundness without compromising expressivity that will be a huge feat, and I'm excited to see it!

[0] https://www.typescriptlang.org/play/?strictFunctionTypes=fal...
If I hadn't found your comment I was going to say this is the best HN I've seen in months.
My 3M N95 masks have an one way exhale valve. I don't think it does much to reduce escapes.
Node Editor for Imgui
I'm not sure I see the connection between "oppressive personnel management" and "current tech stack". The two seem orthogonal to me.
> They drive prices up for the real product and invade the market with garbage.

that's not how supply and demand works...
Sesame Sustainability|Backend Software Engineer| Remote-friendly| Full-Time or Contract (to start)| https://jobs.polymer.co/sesame-sustainability/30699

At Sesame Sustainability we are developing simulation, optimization, and analysis software to accelerate cost-optimal decarbonization across heavy industry (responsible for over 40% of global emissions). Borne from research at the MIT Energy Initiative, our technology stack is tried, tested, and trusted by some of the largest players in energy and environment.
The thing is, extraordinary claims require extraordinary evidence. I have no reason to believe any of that is real.
That depends. Is "clone" a synonym for "compatible"?

If so, sure.

My concern is, I don't want to spend any time whatsoever messing with stuff like driver or architecture issues. Needing a few repositories for Debian packages is okay, but pushing it. I'm not here to configure a system; I'm here to work on a project I find fun or useful.

Ideally I take the latest RaspberryOS and slap it in and it "just works".
The Curious Case of the Underselling Arena Tours
Announcing the Open Release of Stable Diffusion 3 Medium
If you read the scientific literature on masking (focused on a flu pandemic) from before the pandemic, there was actually a lot of uncertainty about whether masks would help the general public.

It's obvious that masks help if they're worn correctly, but the uncertainty was around the question of whether the general public would actually wear them properly. In hindsight, it seems obvious that mask-wearing should have been encouraged from day 1, but it somehow wasn't initially clear.

One problem, I think, might be the emphasis on controlled randomized trials (RCT) in medicine, which are not always appropriate. Think of running an RCT on whether parachutes prevent death when falling from planes. We understand the physical mechanism underlying parachutes, so we know mechanistically why they prevent death from falling. Covid is a respiratory virus. Masks physically filter the virus out of the air you breathe in and out. You don't need a study to know that if worn correctly, they will reduce transmission. The real question is how to teach and encourage the public to wear masks properly, not whether masks work in principle.
Another similarity is that 4-year-olds will often pick up words and phrases from people around them, and learn associations between those words and phrases without yet having learned their meanings or having any of their own experiences to relate them to.

So a young child might answer your question with a response that he heard other people say to a similar question, without actually understanding what he's saying. LLMs are basically this at a grand scale.
First impression when visiting orangepi.org with Firefox: "Hmm. We’re having trouble finding that site."

They don't have TLS enabled. Doesn't exactly promise much on the software side of the board either.
> humans do not need 10,000 examples to tell the difference between cats and dogs

Neither do machines. Lookup few-shot learning with things like CLIP.
How system requests work and how to add your own SysReq
I have worked at places where I felt manipulated and disrespected but also worked at places where it was the opposite. Personally I haven't had trouble with "stack ranking" but I saw OKRs make a startup that was already struggling to focus even more scatterbrained.
The single best prevention for viruses is an adequate amount of quality sleep.
> isn't this a product aimed at hackers and tinkerers?

Who told you that?
> In 2024 if your webapp can't open a settings page without internet connection it means your architecture is lame

Depends what you mean by a Settings page. Generally speaking, when it comes to web applications... any requests need to come from the server... or changes a user makes needs to go back to the server. Period. It if doesn't... it doesn't. Spit a user friendly message.

I have webapps that need to update user requests there and then, so their changes are exposed on other media/platforms. So, for me, a "settings page that can be used without internet connection" is pointless for my projects.

Again - what you want from a Settings page may have merit in your projects but they are a waste of energy for mine. Again, as I stated earlier, it is all about the problem you are trying to solve. What is lame architecture to you is additional bloat in mine.

In a number of scenarios, using htmx might not be the right approach. I could also say the same thing for React.

I have nothing further to add to this. As you mentioned, there could be more work for frontend devs. I doubt it is because of htmx fad being over... more likely it is some "cool toy" choo-choo train that replaces React.
This is an interesting comparison, as there was a NIOSH study in late 2020 (released in 2021)[1] that used equipment to measure procedure masks, surgical masks, proper disposable respirators (with exhalation valves, since that was the main focus of the study) and cloth face coverings and T-shirt fabric (latter two more representative of common DIY masks).

These were sealed shut onto the test equipment using wax (ie: perfect fitment, so best case scenario). They found a much higher penetration through the materials per se for cloth coverings and procedure masks.

> Particle penetration through the surgical mask ranged from 2% to 17%. Procedure masks were
most variable and ranged from 1% to 85%

> For the six cloth face coverings, the submicron particle penetration ranged from 24% to 92%.
For the two types of fabric from cotton t-shirts, submicron particle penetration ranged from 45%
to 91%. Although this sample size was small, these penetration percentages for the cloth face
coverings and fabric from cotton t-shirts are comparable to the 40% to 90% penetration found by
previous NIOSH testing of cloth face coverings and fabrics.

For the respirators with exhalation valves their finding was the particle penetration was <1% to 55% without any additional mitigation and under 5% when using the ECG pad mitigation strategy tested. Relevant since a common earlier critique (perhaps assumption) of valved respirators was they weren't as decent as even common masks for non-wearers.

[1] https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/2021-107/pdfs/2021-107.pdf
Payoff from AI projects is 'dismal', biz leaders complain
I think you missed the comment that GP was responding to. They were responding to a claim that if masks only protect the virus from escaping, then masks only protect the selfish population.
> the inexpensive “duckbill” N95 came out on top,

Inexpensive is not a word I'd use to describe a mask you need multiple of in a week and monthly replacements of thereafter. For a virus that affects the entire world, "developing" and "developed", it's not an easy sell.

But this rather harmless inference could've been promoted instead of the fake initial narrative of "masks are not that useful, save them for medical staff" that happened early on in the pandemic. Policymakers should never be gatekeeping information and acting like the public is too dumb to solve resulting supply-side issues.
If you're talking about chickens or pigs, sure. Cows though are raised in fields and only spend a short time being plumped up on feed lots.
we are apparently cursed to forever re-learn the lessons of reverend bayes on detection theory.

prostate cancer, airport terrorists, slop detection … you either design your system to handle the off-diagonal parts of the confusion matrix properly or you suffer the consequences.
Yeah, I am shocked people keep repeating this. We've seen LLMs easily writing mathematical proofs in the style of Shakespeare, come on.
Try startups. I never had a formal performance review on a small team.
Occam's razor is not just about simple rules. The original formulation is: "plurality should not be posited without necessity". Necessity here is empirical adequacy. A theory that posits an unbounded, exponential growth in states fails the simplicity test against an empirically adequate theory that posits bounded state.
This doesn't really match up with your original message. The issues raised on dem side were usually about the process/promises of rushing it, not any the vaccine itself. The specific worry is mentioned at the end of the article and it did come true - the myth of untested vaccine is still alive.

There's a big difference between anti-"Trump's rushed vaccine" and anti-"Trump rushing vaccine".
Does Gleam check types at compile-time?

And Elixir check types at run-time?

(If at run-time, would that mean it would slow down your entire app as a result?)
Ultimately, there are only so many ways you can paraphrase an article about a similar event.

If something occurs regularly, for example, a sports team winning, or a traffic accident is being reported in local news - then by now there would have been thousands of articles reporting on very similar events.

If you feed them all into this plagiarism tool, excluding specific dates and names, how many of them will come out flagged?

And frankly, there's nothing wrong with using AI to report on mundane events. What matters here isn't how high-brow or original the text is, what matters is the speed of reporting on the event and the factually accurate description.
So far, the most interesting part is "Link diagrams to let users drill down to details or browse related subjects". How do you do that? How does it actually look? The sign in process is prohibitively complicated, sorry.

Apart from this feature, looks like a glorified and confusing draw.io.
Going through those screenshots show just how stark the UI (not to mention UX) between iOS and Android was (is?). While I wouldn't relish going back to early iOS it still looks clean and polished vs the Android UI in the picture which is all sharp corners and UI that has no consistency or through-line.
The modern packager's security nightmare
Thanks, this is a fantastic talk. Long, but well worth it, especially if you work with Elixir
Yes, but they'd be fools not to, if it was so easy.
lol, thats the most anti-hacker comment I have ever seen.

Protected from tampering? What?! "Attempting to prevent tampering".
Suit yourself. Personally, I judge anyone who gets a smartphone out in public.
Where's the rest of the document?
Thank you. I did not realize old wars were so devastating in terms of lives lost, especially considering much smaller total population.

It’s incredible that modern governments, being so incompetent, corrupt, and dysfunctional, are still a lot better than how they were in the past.
Oh, and Discord invite is invalid.
Show HN: Cade – Create short fiction stories of 500 words and browse like TikTok
Hello Dear HN community,

I'm excited to introduce my app, Cade.

Cade is an app for literature where users can read and create super short fiction stories with a maximum of 500 words(min 300), browse them like TikTok (swiping up-down) and read with a Tap gesture, like an Instagram Story. It’s free on the App Store, with no sign up required (for reading).

My goal with Cade is to create an immersive literary experience tailor-made for the iPhone, rather than adapting traditional literature formats to fit the constraints of a smartphone.

Here's how I approached the problem:

* Recognizing our frequent and brief interactions with our phones, I opted for concise stories that can be enjoyed in just a few minutes.

* I drew inspiration from the straightforward and popular browsing experience of TikTok, the Instagram Story format, and other popular e-readers, favoring a tap and swipe gestures over traditional scrolling.

* By setting a limit of 500 words, Cade poses both a challenge for experienced writers and an opportunity for aspiring authors who don't need to embark on a full 200-page novel to share their work.

Lastly, but not least, I'd like to build a community of writers and readers, across the world, that can enjoy some literature on the go, in an interface that’s free from distracting ads and algorithms.

I built Cade entirely, from concept to development and design.

I hope you enjoy it and can provide some suggestions on how to improve it!

Thanks a lot,
Luca Columbu
No. A bicycle is a vehicle.
The other masks actually didn't work though.

Only disposable paper surgical masks (actually disposed of after single use!) worked (if the definition of worked was "reduced the transmission of at least droplets when coughing"), or real masks like KN95 or N95 certainly worked.

Those cloth masks that were reused every day did far more harm then good, especially if they were not washed. They did nothing against the pressure race of a cough, and most transmissibility was via aerosol anyway, not droplets.

The politics simply distorted the science, like when we saw Executive staff wearing logoed blue cloth masks more as a fashion statement than any real science, while subjecting the wearer to reduced air flow, exacerbating things like asthma or cardiac issues, and trapping some virus and random bacteria in a cess pool of saliva in a cloth mask that got saturated within minutes.

It's a real shame that people who knew better didn't say, "these masks work and these other masks are worse than no mask at all."

Politics took over and both sides were trapped by the nuance, and the result is a stain on the history of science and public health.
It's a twitter competitor from facebook.
Before the pandemic, I picked them up for $5 regularly at our local friendly computer store. They even had 0w's for $5 as a gimmick (they were supposed to be $10) with purchase limit of 2 or 5 (can't remember). I'd just pick up a couple every time I went to that store. I've got a sandwich bag full of them now.

I think it was very much the supply chain snags of pandemic that made them get weird high prices everywhere.
Ask HN: Could an AI world government result in a world without wars?
Maybe countries would agree to give up some control in exchange for permanent peace and prosperity via a fair AI world government?
UUID's are for when an auto-incrementing ID can't be used, usually due to scale (if you will be inserting millions of records per second from millions of clients).

However, postgres isn't suited to such scale (something like spanner IS).

Therefore, you probably shouldn't be using UUID's with postgres.

The other reason for UUID's is because the system is badly architected and , for example, the client gets to choose their own ID which are written into a DB. Such systems generally are best avoided.
I think the big secret is that a lot of these big shot investors just aren’t particularly savvy. They just have money and a willingness to fall for a story.
> This platform is so undesirable that you’ll literally lose dates over it.

Sounds like a feature. Seriously.
Orange juice crisis hits consumers in Japan
BMGF is a family office that invests in pharmaceutical companies. They also lobby the WHO on pharma issues. It's a giant conflict of interest.
Launch is Ok, What's the sunset date?
I never get why people think this does exist. If it did, wouldn’t every company be obliged to get out of the business they’re in and start doing what would be most profitable right now? Obviously that would be absurd.
1) The common stock that employees get via options is the last in line for the pot of gold.

2) There's plenty of bullshit that can be used to cheat an employee out of their options. One example here [1].

[1] https://techcrunch.com/2011/06/26/skypes-worthless-employee-...