skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
I was a gamer in the 90s, chatted with id via IRC when they were developing Doom, loved Quake, but didn't get a 3d card until the Voodoo 3 came out and was lucky enough to be able to afford a Voodoo 3 3000 when it launched. I installed it, fired up Quake 2 and, exactly as you say, my mind was blown. Colored lighting, moving lights, smooth shading, etc. It was incredible. I've never experienced such a visceral reaction to a big leap in computing power before or since. I'll always remember that afternoon seeing what it could do. I was mesmerized.
So the school bus-system is not a major thing?
The simplest trick for detecting old ARM emulation - ISTR was used on some Gameboy Advance copy protection: store a booby-trap instruction at PC+4 (i.e. the very next one). A real ARM has a pipeline that reads PC+8, while decoding PC+4 and while executing at PC. So the newly-stored instruction should have no effect. An emulator (which didn't emulate the hardware pipeline) would execute it.

edit: described in more detail here, among other emulation-busting measures from 2004 https://mgba.io//2014/12/28/classic-nes/
>The “it” you are referring to here is math, or just the way networks work...power law distribution...

These are more observations around the dynamics of the current state. I think we all understand network effects and other factors involved in where we are.

But, there's no natural law that prescribes precisely the current state of affairs.
Have you tried doing the install on an ssd with a usb adaptor?

I haven't done this with Ventoy, but it has worked for me in the past on a couple of distros. There is something that is seen differently when it is thru USB, I believe but not sure.
As Ops person, they will swear someone will do it. I'll provide the hardware and it will run for a while. Then they will fire/not replace and my PagerDuty will go off constantly and I'll be stuck getting a new job.
In the common case:

Boot Ventoy application via GRUB/EFI

Ventoy EFI application scans the same drive it booted from with a vfat driver for disk images.

Ventoy then creates chainload grub commands for every image it finds.

You are presented a list of boot options, just like a normal grub boot.

Selecting an option chainloads a boot from that disk image.

There's devil in the details of course, but largely that's how it's working.
I recently stumbled across some other ways that random number generation can go wrong.

Suppose you want reproducible results from a seed, along with parallelism. Algorithmic random number generators are usually mutable and generate a sequence of results, limiting parallelism. Rather than a sequence, you want something tree-shaped where you can create an independent random stream for each child task. In higher-level API's, a jump or split operator can be useful.

Counter-based random number generators [1] seem pretty useful in that context. An immutable random number generator works like a hash algorithm that maps each input to an output that's difficult to predict. The problem with this is being careful to avoid using the same input twice. You can think of it as allocating random numbers from a very large address space in a reproducible way. How do you partition the address space, predictably, so that every address is used at most once, and nobody runs out?

Giving each child a unique ID and generating a stream from that is one way. If the tree is deeper, you'll want a unique seed for each path.

When a mutable random number generator is copied to a child task (or maybe just to an iterator), the same random numbers might be generated in two places. Avoiding this is the sort of thing that Rust's borrow checker can prevent - borrowing is okay, but you want to prevent multiple concurrent ownership.

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Counter-based_random_number_ge...
As long as all wheelchairs and prosthetics are absolutely below $8k, since this is disabled people we're talking about.
Only found out a couple of months ago but you can also boot virtual disk images! I had an old vhd file that I wanted to boot on real hardware and actually worked!
IMO gambling gets a bad reputation by people who only look at the expected value.

If you place a bet where the cost is low enough that it won’t make a qualitative difference to your life, and the possible (not expected) reward is such that it would make a qualitative difference in your life, then you might have maximized the probability of achieving that qualitative difference, despite lowering your expected value. This could be a reasonable strategy.

I don’t gamble but I see why people do it. The toxic element occurs when the reduction in expected wealth does become enough to produce a qualitative QOL change.
There is a "How Ventoy works" section.

First part is listing there open source dependencies

https://www.ventoy.net/en/doc_disk_layout.html

https://www.ventoy.net/en/doc_disk_layout_gpt.html

https://www.ventoy.net/en/doc_mbr_vs_gpt.html

...
> So should the government be reading every piece of mail too?

Essentially all governments have some mechanism to make it legal and possible for them to read any post in transit.

US postal inspectors need a warrant, which they can easily get. In the UK, once you post something in a post box, it becomes the temporary property of the crown (the state) until it is delivered, so they can read it when they want. They have to open it, of course, so you would know it happened.

The simple problem with encryption is that it replaces communications that are exposed to this authority with communications that can evade it.

Whether you are happy with it or not, it's absolutely true that inspecting post has thwarted serious crimes, so it's not surprising to see governments seeking to have the same powers. The fact that it's impossible to do safely doesn't necessarily make it an idiotic request. And the instantaneous nature of these communications means retention for some period of time is the only way inspection is even possible.

I am not sure we should blame governments for wanting to retain powers in a social contract we've been broadly happy for them to have for 150 years.

It's technologists' jobs to explain why easily-broken encryption is a bad idea.

In the UK that's really easy. You just say "imagine if the Prime Minister could read their own party's whatsapp group whenever they liked". And then they get it.
> Let's also note that Before Voodoo3, 3dfx had other board partners.

This is what killed them, they bought STB and couldn't actually afford to keep it all running.
No, no. Karma happens after death.

I guess the karma part is reference to the fact that the primary argument for his pay package is “we had a deal” and he has proven more than willing to violate any deal he wishes especially employment and compensation agreements. See the two dozen or so pending lawsuits from ex Twitter employees and executives regarding violated agreements.
A migration script for moving or mirroring repositories to a Forgejo instance
Ask HN: Good Facebook Classic clone (FOSS)?
TLDR: I want to run a small "basic Facebook blue/classic" (circa 2006-2009) clone for a private community. Can you suggest such a FOSS project to use?

MUCH MORE:

I thought it would be easy to find this in the FOSS world, but I came up short after looking around. There are hosted and commercial solutions, but I want true FOSS. Maybe I just missed it.

There's a spectrum from Mastodon down to "GNU social", but those are too complicated and too poor in terms of design, respectively (no offense, anyone).

To reiterate, all I really want is a basic Facebook classic clone that is maintained. Why do I find there are none? I thought this was (or used to be) a learning-programming weekend project, though would take more effort to make it more secure/scalable, etc.

I don't care about scaling beyond 1000 people. Basic PHP is ok. But it should have security patches regularly, so some group of people would have to care about it.

Can you clue me in? What is the closest project to this? The important features are not very numerous:

- post to own timeline (or "wall"), any kind of self-post/mini-blog as self profile

- any user can create groups (ideally site-public, private-access-but-listed, and secret)

- request addition to groups

- invite users to groups

- post text and/or image to groups, obviously

- instant messaging among users in the same window is ok

- group instant messaging (I think?)

There doesn't even need to be a mobile app. I don't even need audio or video support, though I guess those would be nice-to-have. Desktop web browsers only is ok. Ideally, I suppose that it would be responsive for mobile devices, but, honestly, that does not matter at all, given that our phones have desktop resolutions these days.

I could make one, but it would be easier in terms of security efforts to be part of a larger project. Thanks for ideas. I think this is a basic functionality. The design should be really good, though, and IMO pretty much a straight-up clone is the only way. No current FOSS seems to fit it any more (while keeping things simple and also checking all the boxes).

I am not worried about bots, moderation, and bad actors, because the site will be closed to our real-world group only, and the moderation by membership/admins will be sufficient.

THANK YOU.
Spectaculum Britannicum cui nomen est "Plebs" commendare volo.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Kjfft56qTy0
First off thats just reinforcing the grayness of the difference. Where exactly on which exact bell curve does gambling stop and insurance start?

Second, the one thats even more ambiguous is insurance from the perspective of the insurer. It's just gambling with a payment plan, that HOPEFULLY doesn't turn into a ponzi scheme.
Reddit is a good guerilla promotion platform. You just can't be overt about it. The stereotypical version is to change "look what I made" to "look what I found" and all the ad complaints go away.

You see this a lot in r/gaming where people post clips of games all day, but if you mention that you made the game in the clip, you get inane comments about how it's an ad.

That said, books are hard to market no matter what. There's no visual hook like you have with games and movies. You can't just guerilla-shill it like a SaaS.
> But what is that website about? They want my money? for what? It doesn't look like it's a legit NGO, let alone a European one.

People have wondered that for a while [1] [2], and so far no one has found out much about them.

[1] https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=23276430

[2] https://www.reddit.com/r/privacy/comments/gkq5s4/does_anyone...
I second that. I wrote a nes emulator twenty years ago because it was fun, and not for any practical purpose. I had no idea what I was doing, but I remember being in awe of the nes after reading the detailed hw spec ( found on zophars domain, doc by yoshi if memory serves me well ). I promptly decided to write an emulator in whatever language I was learning at that time.

The result was terrible, but I had tremendous fun!
> No need to update Ventoy when a new distro is released

> Most types of OS supported, 1200+ iso files tested ... 90%+ distros in distrowatch.com supported
Paywall -- needs an archive link.
If you mean, technically, I can't help you.

But for users:
You install Ventoy on your USB drive, and then you can drop ISO files in a folder. On startup, Ventoy opens and you can choose the ISO to boot.

This means you just have one bootable USB, and no more using tools to create bootable usb drives.
Idk why Wikipedia don't consider making dark mode the default and giving users an option of switching classic light mode manually. Figure that should make a significant dent for the effort involved. I remember putting it forward as a suggestion a few years ago.
Betting is taking on some defined risk with probability of payoff.

Insurance is offloading part of the risk to the third-party (Insurance underwriter).

For example I can bet on the roulette on the Black. I can also insure(hedge) against Zero by paying insurance premium (1/37 of my bet on Black).

that way I bet on Black and have 1:1 odds, and in case of Zero my insurance will pay out 37:1 completely paying back my bet on Black.

of course 1/37's of my bet will be gone most of the time and this is exactly the house edge in roulette.

in real-life you probably don't want to bet most of the times, but in some obscure low probability scenarios - you would want to offload that low probability event to insurance.

main difference is you expect insurance to pay out rarely, but in betting you expect to payout more regularly.
From my families experience, SSI is very hard to qualify for; it’s for when you have not worked long enough to pay into and qualify for SSDI, which is more lenient. I can imagine it’s rare comparatively; especially if you don’t associate with people who have never really had a job.
I think generally a lot of these types of problems were actually had by folks who grew out of single node systems and had a lot of interesting ideas to solve problems that were new in those domains, GIVEN they've already solved the stateful domain problems as well.

When you've never grown out of a single node domain but you do event driven "because scaling" or whatever, you've shot yourself in the foot amazingly hard.
The point is that you missed the point. Entirely.

I said none of the things you want me to "address".

Maybe re-read what I actually wrote and respond to that, if it's really a discussion you're seeking.
The EU Parliament also can’t propose legislation, only the EU Commission can. This reduces the elected MEP’s role to basically gatekeeping, allowing or denying legislative proposals formulated by th Commission, who have shown themselves to be utterly relentless in their pursuit of this particular issue. That dramatically changes the balance of power when you compare it with the US Congress.

You have to imagine the Commission uses this power to set the legislative priorities (and hence the re-election chances for MEPs). Imagine if the only way to pass some legislation of vital importance to you constituents was to bargain with the Commission so they would propose it? Presumably they’d get a lot of their legislative priorities passed even if no voter really wanted them.
That's great! I submitted another story for a Python library

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=40619672

I think CodeCarbon (the python library) might have a better method for estimating carbon usage. They seem to be digging it up on a per-power station basis. Would love to see the join forces.
That needs some conditions:

* original Fisher-Yates is slow; Knuth's variation is what makes it fast

* Fisher-Yates relies on "generate integer in range", which is often implemented badly (with bias, or with unnecessary slowness). See the PCG blog for the best-known solution.

https://www.pcg-random.org/posts/bounded-rands.html
From the README (I'm not the author):

Important

sqlite-vec is a work-in-progress and not ready for general usage! I plan to launch a "beta" version in the next month or so. Watch this repo for updates, and read this blog post for more info.
That's so interesting, I'm surprised I never knew that.

Also the GBA went on to sell 81 million units. Pretty good evidence emulation doesn't kill consoles.
> But, then what are effective measures, in terms of time and cost?

The first question I would ask is rather: is what they propose effective? Probably not. Real criminals (those you mention) wont have any problem breaking the law a bit more than what they already do and use non-backdoored encryption.

Therefore, is such proposed mass surveillance and backdooring going to do anything against big crime? Probably not.
distcc?
Quo Vadis by Henryk Sienkiewicz
I think they are on different sides of 50% probability. Insurance helps mitigate a low-probability risk. Gambling provides a low-probability chance of a big reward.

Socially the presence of a small number of really destitute people is a problem, so we moralize the process to prevent it as “bad.” The presence of a small number of really rich people is, like, neutral or negative, so we don’t moralize the a thing they produces them as good.

It is a bit weird that we don’t moralize the rich as good in this case, given that we often do do that. Not sure what’s up there. Maybe gambling is uncomfortable because produces rich that aren’t seen as deserving somehow.
> Gambling is all about risking it all.

There are also plenty of people who can maintain control of their finances in the face of internal gambling biases and manipulation from the other parties (like casinos.) I don't gamble, but I do believe that most gamblers are in the middle of the extremes.

You could overcommit to insurance products/premiums, but I think there's more regulation there and less of an addictive aspect -- which is why we don't really hear about it.
Works fine on both my 2019 i9 MacBook Pro and M2 MBP.
The list of contradictions and logical inconsistencies was so long it took them a while to work their way up to women's souls.
Why even a little plaintext matters?
> Insurance is different from gambling because if you pay and things go well, things go well. If you pay and things go badly, things go a lot less badly.

Counter: your belief about insurance is inverted from reality because your notion of what constitutes winning vs losing at insurance is backwards.

You lose at insurance by not having any circumstances that lead to payout. You win at insurance by having it actually do something for you. Dying is losing at life, but it's winning at life insurance.

Buying insurance is very literally betting that something expensive/bad will happen sooner rather than later or never, where the expected payout exceeds the expected cost to you. Selling insurance is betting the opposite, while, exactly like a casino, making sure that the sum of inflow stays greater than the sum of outflow.

> Gambling is all about risking it all. It's an activity that sits at the extremes of the bell curve. You win it all, you lose it all. Insurance on the other hand is a small price you pay that

This ignores the fact that many (most?) personal insurances are paid over and over and over and over again, because when you stop paying they stop paying too, and they all always cost more than they expect to pay. Every month you pay for health insurance and you don't get sick, that amount you spent is lost. Every time you insure an electrical appliance that doesn't break, the money you spent is lost. This is exactly like any other gambling loss. You gloss over that part by saying "but you have your health and that's good", which is absolutely true, but perversely not what you paid for.
Long time fans seem to think either 2, 4, or 6 is the best. The series has changed a lot over its run and different people like different things.

(I personally prefer 4, because I don’t like one-unit-per-tile and because I feel like 4 had the best mods)
I would express it differently.

With insurance, you are guarantee to lose. To insure against a 10K risk, you have to pay 20K. 50% of your premium goes towards staff, advertising, profit, etc.

But you reduce variance.
>Where exactly on which exact bell curve does gambling stop and insurance start?

I don't think it has to come from me that the world isn't black and white.

>It's just gambling with a payment plan

If it's all so gray, why couldn't you say "gambling is just a riskier insurance" then? You only consider one of the two possible directions, namely the one that puts insurance under a bad light.
Neither of those sentences cite a source. The papal bull notes, "our predecessor of immortal memory, Pius IX, solemnly proclaimed the dogma of the loving Mother of God's Immaculate Conception."

Pope Pius IX died in 1878. Did he proclaim that Mary was born without sin but she still didn't have a soul?

So, how many errors do we have to find in the paper before we just dismiss the paper as nonsense?
They have a working VT240 which supports the Sixel, ReGIS, and Tektronix graphics protocols. They also have partially working VK100, which is a bit like a VT100 with some graphics support (I think just ReGIS). They don't have a working VT125 as far as I know.
See https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ventoy#How_does_Ventoy_work, TLDR when you pick an ISO, it sets up a virtual device which emulates a regular bootable device, pointing to the contents in the ISO.
You assume an anti-piracy attempt when GP, from my reading, made no such statement. More of a mystery, but who cares because the problem hardware wasn’t what they shipped on.
Using an Intel 8080 no less.

We squeezed computing out of the mainframe and into the terminal.
There was also a French Canadian version of this show called "Octo-puce".

https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Octo-puce
https://www.eventstore.com/case-studies/insureon

I can attest to this case study being 100% true. Our platform has been using EventStore as our primary database for 9 years going strong, and I'm still very happy with it. The key thing is that it needs to be done right from the very beginning; you can't do major architecture reworks later on and you need an architect who really knows what they're doing. Also, you can't half-ass it; event sourcing, CQRS, etc all had to embraced the entire time, no shortcuts.

I will say though, the biggest downside is that scaling is difficult since you can't always rely on snapshots of data, sometimes you need to event source the entire model and that can get data heavy. If you're standing up a new projector, you could be going through tens of millions of events before it is caught up which requires planning. It is incredible though being able to have every single state change ever made on the platform available, the data guys love it and it makes troubleshooting way easier since there's no secrets on what happened. The biggest con is that most people don't really understand it intuitively, since it's a very different way of doing things, which is why so many companies end up fucking it up.
It hardly makes a difference on LCD monitors. See also blackle

Edit (25 minutes later): a phone screen seems to use about 1W more on a white background than a very dark one from what I could quickly find on mobile (https://www.xda-developers.com/amoled-black-vs-gray-dark-mod...). 5 billion people seem to use phones for some 4.4h/day (https://backlinko.com/smartphone-usage-statistics). Assuming 70% uses OLED worldwide (probably much less, but I can't quickly find a source for this) and 50% of the time is spent on reading text (not tiktok videos or whatever, where you can't use dark theme), that's 2.8 TWh per year. About 178'000 TWh of energy are used by the world per year (https://ourworldindata.org/energy-production-consumption).

So this should save 0.002% in this best-case scenario where every text-based application switches to nearly black backgrounds and most people have OLED screens and people actually use their device for text at least as much as for media consumption.

Is that worth it? Maybe, but perhaps not as effective as not loading megabytes of JavaScript on every page, not downloading ads and tracking on every page, and funding low-carbon electricity generation needed for your systems. Wikipedia already is pretty good on the first two afaik, the latter I can't easily tell beyond saying in 2019 they're doing a "best effort" in buying green-labeled electricity and making an inventory of other emissions like plane travel (https://wikimediafoundation.org/news/2019/09/19/how-the-wiki...)
It's time to stop calculating carbon and start taxing it.
The same thing that happens with every level of technology that eventually becomes ubiquitous enough to be considered a household appliance. How many people understand the internal workings of a combustion engine, how a telephone works, or how a microwave heats up their food?

Here's what happens, society chugs along just fine until a catastrophic event like an EMP which effectively drops them back into the Stone Age, except even worse because many people have jobs with skill sets that don't really serve a purpose outside of the modern capitalistic economy.