skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
I guess this extends to numbers split across multiple tokens too (especially in the somewhat odd way the OpenAI tokenizer does it). The model is having to work really hard to learn what a given sequence of number chunks means (e.g. chunks '123' '45' vs '123' '4'). It somehow need to realize that the embedding for '4' represents a single-digit number, but the embedding for '45' represents a two-digit number, and this then correspondingly changes the meaning of the preceding '123' token!

It would have made it easier for the model to grok numbers if, similar to the proposed alternative, if 1234 was tokenized as '1000' '200' '30' '4' for powers of 10 up to some reasonable limit (then maybe '1^' '2^' after this reasonable limit). This would let the model easily grok human-sized numbers and need to work harder to grok, say, 20-digit ones, just the same as we do. Some early curriculum training, while not necessary, could then help it to quickly learn which embeddings represent numbers which are d * 10^1 vs d * 10^2, etc.
Correlation implies reverse causation. Entrepreneurship is infectious! Hide your children or they 'll become like those silicon valley kids. At least until a vaccine is found
The problem is that the client team can - without notice - change their query patterns in a way that creates excess load when deployed.

When you use the "REST" / JSON-over-HTTP pattern which was more common in 2010, changes in query patterns necessarily involve the backend team, which means they are aware of the change & have an opportunity to get ahead of any performance impact.
We have similar issues in our codebases - but not just in GraphQL, but also in our PHP and Elixir code, and to some extent our Typescript stuff.

I think the "learning-on-the-go" symptom, where you can sometimes literally read down a file and watch some developer learn the language as they add more and more functions to the file with a gradual increase in skill (or, to put it less charitably, as they slowly get less bad at writing code) is probably a very common thing, and not just a GraphQL issue.
From a technical standpoint there’s probably no value as it would offer no benefit for the insane cost.

From an ethical standpoint probably impossible from the start.
I post sql queries to my backend then match them against the exact string. The lack of flexibility is on purpose.
So in retrospect your best option would have been accepting that job. From there you would have had a way easier time getting a better opportunity. Don't let another opportunity like that pass by.

Another thing I'd recommend is to start a project and publish it by yourself while you are looking for a job. You can then claim that you've been working on it for some time, that's a valid working experience, successfully or not
That's precisely my point. Because Chris runs it in production, it doesn't mean the project is production-ready for everyone. And the fact you ran into roadblocks, doesn't mean they are "mostly for hobby" or are "half-baked". Your initial comment lacked this nuance and rushed into generalizations, which I did my best to clarify.
> attempting stupid stunts

That ship has sailed, regardless of parental tracking. I feel very lucky I was still among the generations that could do stupid stuff and not immediately have ten cameras dump my personal live on YouTube or a livestream.
Ah but that's the beauty of GraphQL, a query can actually fetch data from several systems: the db, the cache, the search engine, etc. It's all abstracted away.

But let's say you have a timeout, and they have a retry, then suddenly, your server is now spammed by all the clients retry again and again a query that worked a week ago, but today is too heavy because of a tiny change nobody noticed.

And even if it's not the case, you can now break the client at any time because they decide to use a feature you gave them, but that you actually can't deal with right now.
Any perf improvements over 2.7?
Show HN: I made an iPhone app to show a real-time map of NYC Subway service
I previously made a web version of The Weekendest, but when I was laid off from my last job, I decided to take the free time I had to pick up Swift UI, and made a native iOS version of it.

The main draw of the app is that the map is dynamically generated based on the current subway routing, so when you open the app on weekends or overnight, you'll see lines correspond to where the trains are actually running, which is a very unique NYC problem.

Let me know what you think!
I stayed in Portugal for a few months several years ago. Despite all of this I completely fell in love with the place and the people because I could still feel how it was few years ago, but I was also sad because it was too obvious where it was heading towards. People in Portugal have so much immaterial wealth which most of their visitors would never truly understand, yet they are made to believe they are poor.
I would love to have a version of Caddy written in Rust. I believe that this is going to happen some point in the future. Nginx has the best performance but not a good UX compared to caddy. Rewriting to Rust or C++ will make it the ultimate reverse proxy.
Weird times when moral relativism is saved for the rich and powerful instead of the poor and meek.
I don't know. There were recently some documents released on how OpenAI was soliciting companies to integrate their product recommendations more deeply into the training data. This is obvious a huge way to monetize chatgpt-like products. Rather than SEO optimized sites gathering the ad revenue with click bait and gamification, OpenAI will collect the revenue themselves.

At the end of this enshittification, users will be looking for other options. Imagine a salesman that is ignoring the elephant in the room to tell you that if you bought this brand of shoes, you would run faster instead of giving tips on the skills to learn to be a better runner.

Search is a great way to find high-quality references and non-hallucinated answers by tweaking the keywords slightly. A salesman-like LLM might be pushing products when you just need information. ChatGPT's authority is going to dwindle, and search is a good tool to find authoritative sources
The tweet specifically says "if he was going to run OpenAI full-time ..". Sounds like they were fine with him moonlighting other projects, Worldcoin, OpenAI as a non-profit, but if YC wasn't going to be his primary "full-time" focus then he would need to choose.

Feels entirely reasonable.
You get that kind of exaggeration here on HN all the time when the topic of salary comes up. People will casually say things like "Oh, most tech employees make $500K/year and drive Ferraris." or "Developers can easily make seven figures!" when they're actually just talking about a few specific senior FAANG developers they know who live exactly in the Bay Area and got their equity grants at just the right time...
Absolutely, I agree with you entirely. But I'm sure the state doesn't mind such indoctrination one bit.
They can and will tell future employers that you suck and aren’t eligible for rehire though. And you lose unemployment benefits
Liquid Haskell Through the Compilers
Seems like at that point exposing each query as an OpenAPI endpoint would achieve pretty much the same thing.

Then again having GraphQL as the definition for them is probably still not bad, I'll just have to write something that converts them to SQL::Abstract 2 trees once I get around to porting it to TS.
The establishment left has been replaced with /was always aspiring-middle class monetarist spokesmen.
Actual radical socialist policy needs to be normalized or we're heading for trouble
dude this is spin lol. yc fired him, it's OK.
You can do plenty of stupid stuff at a friend's home, in a forest, in a quiet street...

Unless you live in India/China, there are plenty of places where you can get privacy, and kids look for them.

Do you think they have sex in public?
What we are seeing here, and in many other cities across the world, reminds me of the Cantillon effect[1].

Basically, businesses which are in closer economic proximity are receiving the benefits of inflationary monetary policy sooner. This leads to higher wages for their employees, and higher profits for the B2B business partners, slowly spreading the new money out into the economy.

This seems to be leading to large gluts of artificially wealthy people in some areas, bidding up prices in their local economy, and then searching for areas to move into where the effect of the recently printed money hasn't taken hold yet.

The result of this would be a shift in those new economies to cater for the influx of new money coming from the newcomers, and away from dealing with locals who, for the most part, are yet to receive any of this money. And when they finally do begin to have wage increases, even more money has been created flowing at a greater rate to the newcomers.

[1]: https://www.adamsmith.org/blog/the-cantillion-effect
Your best bet on app security is to not create vector attacks. For example running your own auth system.

But if you just wanna learn the current "best practices", learning nextjs will put in the same position that most full stack and frontend programmers are currently (I hate nextjs and wouldn't get anywhere close to it tho)
Reading your comments gave me goose bumps. So many of these tourists treat the locals like a paid experience. It is disgusting
How I saved 100 GB of disk space on my Mac
Nice, thanks for the response, that is definitely an improvement.
It's really opinionated about it though. I still don't know how to stop it from trying to get certificates for specific hostnames. It seems to work with everything auto, or nothing at all.
I am not in the field right now, so I don't know. But deep in the bush of DRC, and Central African Republic probably.

Also any emergency operation is launched with tens of thousands of US dollars in a backpack in order to get moving without waiting for infrastructure to come back up.

Using cash does not mean you are not keeping records. In fact with cash, double entry handwritten records in journals is all the more important.
I just tried this with a mug of coffee in an ultrasonic cleaner. Left it running for about 5 minutes with room temp water and ground coffee in the mug.

Compared afterwards to a mug left outside the ultrasonic cleaner. There was definitely more extraction in the ultrasonic cleaner, though the coffee was still fairly weak. Likely needs more time given that they are using a custom horn etc.
Of course theres additional drama and context. PG is retconning it to make himself look less incompetent and absent.
Tagging each paragraph is not a good approach. Instead, using LLM to generate a summary based on the clustering of paragraphs could be a good alternative. That's what RAPTOR(https://arxiv.org/html/2401.18059v1) has suggested.

Regarding to reranker, it's a pure dynamic solution, which is different with re-chunking which requires all data to be reindexed.

Comparing two paragraphs, in most cases, it's based on embedding, which means each paragraph will correspond to a single embedding. So comparing them does not take words into account. However, if you adopts a hybrid search which will use full text search as another kind of recall approach, it will take the words into ranking consideration, in that case, the scores are computed based on the TF/IDF metrics within the paragraph, which is an accumulated score of all hitted tokens.
The contacts list and job board are useful. The feed is utter trash and is dragging the rest of the platform down.
Taking Responsibility: Rheinmetall to Become "Champion Partner" to BVB
Does this partnership give new meaning to the line from "Olé, jetzt kommt Der BVB (Olé, here comes the BVB)" where they sing "Borussia trickst jeden Gegner aus (Borussia overcomes all opposition)"?

(will FC Köln get a BAE sponsorship next?)
You might like the Garmin Bounce:

https://www.garmin.com/en-US/p/714945#specs

It's a similar LTE-enabled smart watch with GPS for parental tracking and two-way text/voice messaging within the app, but from Garmin, which has a much better reputation for privacy - including a very positive review from the Mozilla Foundation: https://foundation.mozilla.org/en/privacynotincluded/garmin-.... I would trust Garmin with my son's data. He's 7, and has been wearing the plain digital Timex I got him for almost a year; when he's 8 or 9 we'll get him a Bounce.

If you really want the bare minimum, look at the Vivofit Junior:

https://www.garmin.com/en-US/p/711538

which doesn't have GPS or LTE, just an accelerometer and Bluetooth that it uses to gamify fitness and activity tracking and (with parental management through the linked app).

See also DCRainmaker's reviews of the Bounce:

https://www.dcrainmaker.com/2023/01/garmin-bounce-activity-t...

And the Vivofit Jr 2:

https://www.dcrainmaker.com/2017/09/garmin-vivofit-jr-2-revi...
When in doubt, we should always try to evaluate from the facts, they are more reliable than people, especially in this type of context.
I haven’t ever heard of worldcoin but ChatGPT has actually made it to the average person’s lexicon, and been covered in the NYTimes repeatedly. Surely some non jobs take more effort than others…
Who's Maggie and Ron? You mean Thatcher and Reagan? What did they do?
> Sex, meeting people outside of your social norms, attempting stupid stunts, and all that is part of growing

That’s an American cultural fallacy, like how Germans believe you’ll get sick if your kidneys get cold. Asian kids in America are strongly discouraged from doing these things (some do it anyway, but there’s measurable differences in aggregate behavior: https://www.guttmacher.org/sites/default/files/pdfs/tables/3...) and have vastly better outcomes than European American kids, especially in the bottom 20% of the income distribution. Similarly regimented communities like Mormons are also highly successful.

Cultivating impulsiveness has its benefits. If you’re trying to build a world empire, maybe give your kids the freedom to succumb to the impulses of their underdeveloped brains. If you’re trying to maintain and perpetuate an orderly civilization, carefully regiment their behavior until they’re capable of controlling themselves.
Well Mercedes-Benz apparently has gradually improved lane keeping all the way into autonomous driving. The Drive Pilot system is only at level 3 while Waymo is up at level 4, but consumers can actually buy the Mercedes product today and use it nationwide. It will be interesting to see how far they can push it.
I don’t think that you actually mean anything by this. “Moral relativism” seems entirely irrelevant.
> 100% - but if nobody CAN pay (the asking price), nobody will be willing to pay it. And that's where positional goods matter, because effectively people are jostling for a place in a ranked queue. The prices are a function of "how much money are the people in the queue able and willing to raise and deploy". And so it's natural to have situations where incomes might only go up by 50%, but house prices can rise MUCH more if interest rates are low and the bulk of that extra income is discretionary.

If this is the case, then the best way to lower house prices would be to get rid of mortgages entirely? I don't think this would work of course. We would simply see more foreign investors who have access to mortgages.

> Bad here too, but most of the staff are immigrants or of immigrant background so I find it hard to blame that on migration, it'd be a lot worse if they turned the taps off. It's more to do with our population (native Brits and 1960s/70s immigrants) being elderly, unhealthy and generally decrepit, and a health service that tries to do too much. It excels at keeping people alive, but it sucks at keeping them healthy.

My point is that after lots of immigration, we still have a massive recruitment crisis in the NHS. It never really solved the problem, and worse still, there are now more people using these services.

> Not the case here, in a high-immigration area: they're actually closing primary schools because there aren't enough kids to fill them.

If immigrants are not having children in the UK, then that would lead towards another crisis of an ageing population. Again, I believe increased immigration is a temporary solution.

> They should walk or take the bus. I'm talking about stations that are at most a mile or so spread out and usually served by half a dozen bus routes, suburban zone 3 & 4 London. Wouldn't work further out where distances are longer.

Not everywhere is London. Where I live, there are no buses to the train station. People commute by car up to 30 minutes to catch the train.
No, you can make multiple passes across the data set. There's no reason that you have to use quadratic attention. I point to the shape of our own brains, which are limited in size. Yet, through multiple passes over information and random access, which we guide, we're able to process very large systems.
Making a tic-tac-toe game with ‘randomness’ using pure HTML and CSS
I suspect this is only transient. The number of tourists is very sensitive to flight prices which are incredibly low at the moment. Probably not sustainable for ever.
Hi HN, we're conducting a quick survey to understand how cloud databases are used in companies today. Your input could help us develop better solutions for current cloud challenges. Would love to hear your thoughts!
One factor is how costly (including time) the jursidiction's laws and judicial system makes it is to get rid of a tenant. A high paying tourist is far, far less likely to squat or otherwise be a long term problem.

I have a business partner who used to rent hotel rooms to long term guests stop because the government took 6+ months to remove non paying guests. So the solution was to simply forbid everyone from staying for more than the number of nights that qualifies a hotel guest as a tenant and hence tenants' rights.

In fact, this problem of the county government not adjudicating tenant-landlord cases quickly enough got so bad, that the city government passed an ordinance that forbade hotels from renting more than 15% of hotel rooms to long term guests that qualify as tenants, because the city itself no longer wanted to deal with squatters and the accompanying problems.
The last time that was tried it ended with people a lot poorer and cities run down - why would you expect a different outcome now?
> I'm totally fine with subscription apps, but the price has to be reasonable.

I'm fine with it if includes some monthly re-occurring service, like cloud storage/sync.

I purchased YNAB4 and I ran it just fine on my desktop. But YNAB5 went to subscription, and it included things like syncing multiple devices (which of course needs servers, which cost), but I have no need for that, and so I did not move to it. I'd much prefer I pay some one-time fee, and if I want syncing I can subscribe to just that.

I also understand that if I pay $x for Version Y, then if I want Version Z there may be an upgrade fee.
Can I call myself a data engineer if I don't know Python?
You’re framing the argument in a way that prevents you from empathising with the other side and understanding it. This has nothing to do with being “successful”, it has to do with being highly influential while doing things which harm others to befit yourself.

A successful company or individual who does right by its users or employers and puts them above personal gain is lauded. Maybe people would prefer to be successful entrepreneurs who retain human decency.

Your argument also makes it sound like HN is a hive mind who all think the same. It’s not. You’ll find just as many people defending that behaviour as you’ll find detractors.
what did it mean historically? in contemporary usage, it seems to be a synonym for "managed" (or more accurately, a meaningless sobriquet for PAAS that can be easily sold to the huddled masses of "full stack" boot camp grads)
Bad performance if you haven’t heard about HTTP caching. REST implies cacheabality.
That’s true, but a generally accepted fact of life employers have to cope with. They don’t have to cope with employees taking on another responsibility next to their existing job and family.
This was a nice overview, and I basically concur.

I want to add a few things.

Once you know your grinder, too high a max pressure is not so much of a problem, as choking a shot becomes a rare issue.

Consistently good Espresso is easier using a slightly coarse ground, but something needs to give, like texture or concentration.

Taken together, cheap machines can work well, although learning on them can be frustrating.

Use fresh roasts, and use them up quickly. Some days after opening a bag of not single dose frozen beans , many coffees lose their good aroma, and only the roast itself remains.
Thanks for the test.

They also use 100W of ultrasonic power: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S135041772... and a cursory search says this is the domain of more expensive ultrasonic cleaners (> 100$).
I'm surprised it took 6 years to discover these issues. The N+1 problem and auth/field privacy are obvious on practically any project.

In other news, bitcoin will never replace cash, most companies don't need k8s and AGI isn't 2 years away.
I worked on two projects using GraphQL and don't want to do it again. Both times the backend was a mess and the "design" or the lack thereof had all the signs of being written by "evangelists" who got bored or got fired leaving the new arrivals to sort out the mess. I'm sure GraphQL is the right fit for some problem domains, but most of the problems I deal with are happily solved with the help of a REST API.
When I went there in 2012, there was a fee each semester for dining hall silverware that goes missing. They assumed that you'd take $60 worth of silverware and plates.
Several years ago, I used to respond to conversations where people hated on Facebook by saying that Facebook had given us at least two great gifts — react and graphql. Since then, I've grown to realize that these might in fact be its two great curses.
If that is what you wish, then absolutely, publish everything. Where I question the morality is in private correspondence, a persons dairy and things which was explicitly never wanted to be published.

There are movies, music and books which the creators specifically withheld from the world. Who are we to determine otherwise. Again I see no issue in researchers combing over half-written books, discarded sheet music or personal notes. I just think we should be respectful and keep things that was deliberately hidden from the world private. If an author leaves a 90% finished book and say they don't want it published, having family or publishers to going ahead, finishing it or publishing it in its half-finished state anyway after the death or the author doesn't sit right with me.

That's not to say that something like Feynman letter to his wife isn't beautiful, it is, very much so. It was just not meant for us, it was meant for himself and a woman who would never read it.
And what if he had chosen both?

He got an ultimatum: choose to quit one or we’ll choose for you.

If you want to be super pedantic about it, then let’s just say that PG kicked him out, but Sam at least got a say in what he was being kicked out of.
If you want to be pedantic, some do offer REST or GROQ as well, which aren't much of an alternative anyway.
Integrated Rerankers, implemented RAPTOR, RAGFlow 0.7 released
Choosing RAG Options on Google Cloud
Google Cloud offers many different options to build Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) powered applications. This includes discrete components that comprise RAG solutions (embeddings, vector search, LLMs) but also includes options that combine multiple steps or even the entire RAG application in a single service. The best option for you will depend on factors such as your use case, engineering expertise, existing tech stack and future needs.

Let's start with a set of use cases and design a solution architecture using the most appropriate options. After that let's go through a detailed breakdown of the full list of services with the pros, cons and recommendations for when to use each.