skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Complex subject wildly open to interpretation. Backend can mean many different things depending upon who you talk to, for example:

* web server and services

* database

* dev ops and infrastructure

* applications that run from an OS terminal/shell

---

I would start by learning two things well:

1. Transmission

2. Automation

Transmission covers TCP/UDP, HTTP, WebSockets, and so forth. Its communication over the wire. You need to understand how this works in order to understand how the web works and how data enters the browser.

Automation is the only purpose of software. The better you get at this, (speed of execution, test automation coverage, lower failure rates, better documentation), the better programmer you are. WARNING WARNING: not everybody that writes software for a living really cares about software that works faster with less failure rate. Most software developers care about familiarity and simply completing their assigned tasks, so becoming a better developer does not at all equate to career performance/mobility.
Nice conspiracy lmao. As if users needed training to click away popups.
I find more convenient to generate the temporary emails right from the command line with something like this: https://github.com/sdushantha/tmpmail
> Its flexibility proved to be its weakness. New users confronted with so much flexibility were often overpowered by the steep learning curve required to use the program.

I wonder if Notion may suffer a similar fate?
In tech markets if your product/service is good, it very easily becomes a monopoly, because adoption is easy and there is no reason for users to stick with an inferior product.
Of course monopolies are still harmful. But that is beyond the point I am making. US tech companies aren't monopolies because of lack of regulation, but rather because they just have better products.
This research and the comments mentioning the need of being fast as hell connect with the human capacity of using the information. Just a hypothetical point: at some point only trading engines driven by AI could make a timely use of this source.
What if you have a software product you are selling to EU citizens?
He said creating tech companies. Not AI companies.
If the artists didn't own their own copyrights, there's a good chance that their stuff is available somewhere else by now. There are many companies out there that do nothing but put your music onto spotify and youtube for exposure; anything owned by a label is probably there.
You do not apply the highest fine on the first violation. GDPR is just some years enacted. Give it some time.
we’re talking about tech companies, see above.
Can this be optimized so training of larger variants is possible with a pair of 3090 or 4090?
"Our protocol is open source. Our code is open source. It’s well documented. Our implementations are open source. Our protocol is formally verified. We’re doing everything we can."

The signal protocols are well documented (https://signal.org/docs/). But their code and architecture? I'm not aware of any docs in that regard. For example, an overview of the code structure is missing. If I wanted to know how the database is encrypted in their apps, do I find an overview on that? Where is the architecture documented? Are the design choices documented anywhere?

You might say, "read the source". I did that a few times for certain parts of the code (in their Android app), and it has very few in-code comments.

Now of course it's perfectly fine for Signal to publish their code this way. People with the specific developer experience will still be able to find the code they're looking for after some searching. But the claim "the code is well documented" seems like quite a stretch to me. I'm pretty sure such docs do exists somewhere, otherwise onboarding new developers would be quite hard. But they're probably not published?

(If there _are_ public code docs, links would be appreciated.)
My personal favourite GIF-related explainer:

* "What's In A GIF": https://www.matthewflickinger.com/lab/whatsinagif/

It's a five part explanation that includes both great visualisations and bespoke analysis tools[2].

Here's a direct link to the section on LZW compression[0]:

* https://www.matthewflickinger.com/lab/whatsinagif/lzw_image_...

[0] Which somewhat confusingly credits "John Barkaus's LZW and GIF Explained" which actually turns out[1] to be... the text of "LZW and GIF explained----Steve Blackstock" via a news group post by John Barkaus (and is the text at OP's HN post URL).

[1] http://web.archive.org/web/20050217131148/http://www.danbbs....

[2] Including this fantastic example of visualizing individual sections of a multi-part binary file format, the UX/UI of which I think would be a great addition to a "hex viewer" application: https://www.matthewflickinger.com/lab/whatsinagif/gif_explor...
anything that can do a linear regression is AI these days
Overview of the AI Act: Aims to regulate AI applications to ensure they align with ethical standards and human rights. Emphasizes transparency, accountability, and the protection of fundamental rights.

Penalties for Non-Compliance: Companies face significant fines (up to €35 million or 7% of global revenue) for violating the Act, highlighting the EU's commitment to robust enforcement.

Risk-Based Approach: The Act categorizes AI applications based on their risk level:

Unacceptable Applications: Includes social scoring, predictive policing, and emotional recognition in sensitive areas.

High-Risk Systems: Includes autonomous vehicles, medical devices, and AI in finance and education, which require stringent evaluations.

Impact on U.S. Tech Giants: Companies like Google, Microsoft, and OpenAI must adapt to the EU's regulations, focusing on compliance with copyright rules, transparency in model training, and maintaining high cybersecurity standards.

Implementation Timeline: The Act has a phased implementation with a 12-month delay for initial compliance and a 36-month transition period for existing AI systems.

Effective Implementation: Emphasizes the need for clear guidelines, robust monitoring, and stakeholder collaboration to ensure the regulations are practical and beneficial.
Parent talked about tech companies, not "AI". If you mean companies focusing on generative AI, there's a few here, like Mistral.
I meant rar. Sorry heh
That list, with the exception of SAP, is everything but impressive when compared to US companies.

Even Oracle (remember them?) has a higher market cap than all of those companies combined.
> First there was a cookie law, to train people to give consent to anything that pops up without reading

People sitting in front of computers have been blindly clicking Yes to get work done for decades. I remember decades ago watching dumbfounded as people would click through Windows' orgasmic install dialogs (Yes, Yes, Yes, Finish) without ever reading or understanding what they were doing.
any recent company though?
ICQ was probably my first instant messaging. Even before I found IRC.

My older brother had a 5 digit number, and I remember knowing mine by heart at some point.

I also remember very early putting together like a mental map where different regions were on instant messaging. It became more clear as MSN Messenger was being rolled out that eastern europe stayed on ICQ and AOL while US and western Europe were being migrated over to MSN faster.
Shame, if you'd kept reading you would've been enlightened by the author's shocking discovery that modern computers can solve problems orders of magnitude faster than computers from the 60s or 90s. Just mind-blowing stuff, who'da think it
Were the Indians really unaware of lunar eclipse? People living in the nature probably were quite familiar with the phenomenon, so they couldn't predict it, but were not surprised when happened. This sounds like a made-up story from the time of Enlightenment illustrating the deification of Knowledge.
Apple Music does not require artists to upload lyrics, it’s optional. They just make it easier than Spotify where you need to submit through Musixmatch.
This is one of those things where I just don't understand what world people are living in, but it's always written in this bizarre passive voice where someone is just "the victim" of installing the Facebook app on their phone.

What is your experience of your phone and why are you so passive about it? You're getting unwanted notifications but, then, what, don't uninstall the app? Don't mute the app? Don't click "sign out"?
That one is also relevant, yeah.

Although, I did a mistake, I was thinking about all Richard Stevens books for networking, that go beyond plain TCP, UDP, IP.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/W._Richard_Stevens

Unfortunelly given their CS focus, they are kind of on the expensive side, I read most of them via libraries, or eventually getting my own copies.
It would be nice to know what it does before having to create an account to test it.
It's the “signature” (free text, but people use it for information, address, phone number, disclaimers and what not). It appears under the “tearline”, that consists of two dashes and a space (“-- ”).

On unix OSes it lives as the file ~/.signature, and many email clients will insert the contents of that file under the tearline in outgoing emails. E.g.: https://www.gnu.org/software/emacs/manual/html_node/emacs/Ma...
When bard launched for example it wasn't available to people living in Europe.

This is Google a large corporation with lots of resources.

Smaller firms will find it more convenient just block access to European citizens instead of keeping up with the legal gymnastics.
the first published error report of the project (Estimating the Reliability and Robustness of Research, ERROR), on
Wessel, J. (2018). Prepotent motor activity and inhibitory control demands in different variants of the go/no-go paradigm),
including an author response, can be found here:
https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/8gtz2
Isn’t it referred to as 2.5D ?
The technocrat thinks that the AI is that generalist and will impose it on you whether you want it or not:

"I didn't violate a red light. I wasn't even driving, the AI was!"

"The AI said you did, that's 50,000 yuan please."
Why can't consumers be allowed to choose for themselves what they want and what they don't want?

Why does the government need to decide everything?
Unity re-homed to the US. SAP is a company that inflicts itself upon the industry: it is truly garbage-tier software. Nokia is a pale shadow of what it once was. Larian, OK? They're a game studio. Spotify just annihilated its workforce.

Companies with any flex in Europe are shambolic things that prey (see SAP) on customers working in a highly-regulated industry.
I agree; also an EU citizen, working with AI. I think regulation can be a great forcing function for creating more effective, thoughtful, and overall better products.
Pāṇini: Catching the Ocean in a Cow's Hoofprint (2019)
I was bored enough to read some of those IRC logs. Nothing was about sex or "gender identity". It just looks like typical underground Interweb being a tough place for people who are or want to be famous.

I'm always wary with these one-sided "X was oppressed by meanies for no valid reason!" and using suicide as a way to enshrine it.
From your link:

> Unlike the two-body problem, the three-body problem has no general closed-form solution,[1] and it is impossible to write a standard equation that gives the exact movements of three bodies orbiting each other in space.

This seems like the opposite of your claim.
No doubt in the quality and time to market, however every single of these monopolistic companies have done monopolistic actions like bundling products, abusing their platforms, etc. After the initial success, their behavior matters.
Wow, the fact that "solar has scaled up faster than any other sources of electricity" is news to me, and very encouraging. Can anyone comment on the viability of solar in countries that are not so sunny? Rain, clouds, winter solstice etc.? At what latitude parallels does the cost/benefit curve start to decrease? Obviously solar is more viable near the equator.
What do you mean by FOSS Wi-Fi cards? Aren't there lots of open source drivers for Wi-Fi cards?
That wasn't part of the question, but since you ask.

https://mistral.ai/
what is your affiliation with Dataherald
EU regulates tech companies because they are foreign. Go see the EU regulation on ICE cars to see the stark difference.

Europeans like you need to realize that you have been fed a whole lot of moral superiority propaganda by pro-EU entities; none of which has any merit. Go look at how much they regulate Bayer to give but one example.
Scotomas are real. Get a new ophthalmologist.
This isn't my experience with eks + fargate

My theory is that they keep nodes booted up and ready and when kube-scheduler cannot assign node then Aws will just add this ready instance to your vpc and ask it to join your cluster.

From user perspective it looked like you always have available capacity on your cluster
Ask HN: How do I get an invite to Lobste.rs?
Recently, I found out about Lobste.rs. It's great, and I love its atmosphere. I hope to join and participate in the discussions, Could someone invite me? My email is shengtaohuang4@gmail.com.
On what are you basing your claims?
>Espressif Systems is a Chinese company and probably stole half the code in the firmware anyways.

So if an entity is Chinese we are sure they are thiefs.
That's called Facebook.
OMZ is definitely super slow, but there are a few competitors trying to speed start times up, with nice results (50% to 80% reduction).

For style just use starship.rs
I wish this meme would die whenever this topic is brought up. The EU is doing just fine in the tech industry, as sibling comments point out. What you might call excessive red tape and regulations, I see as much needed controls over an industry drunk on its own Kool-Aid, with little regard about the impact on its customers and society at large, often even maliciously so, fueled only by the promise of ever-increasing profits they made to their investors.

This opinion might be controversial on a forum run by a VC titan, but people in this industry need to realize that they're part of the problem.
Because companies have way more power than individuals?
> Games are just software engineering. Fun software engineering.

I do question the "fun" part. Midnight crunches, unpaid overtime and - as far as I have read - some of the worst working conditions in all of software engineering. I pass.
GDPR led directly to many US local news sites blocking access to Europe, but that was at the start of the EU Commission's anti-tech turn. Back then the GDPR's percentage-of-global-revenue based fine was novel and shocking, now they're doing it for nearly everything.

In the mean time the costs of excluding the EU have been going down as RoW grows economically, whilst the fines generated by being in the market keep going up. And the perception has become in the US that GDPR wasn't a one-off motivated by genuinely different beliefs about privacy in Europe, it was just a politically and financially motivated grab at US firms from a government that has proven itself uninterested in enabling a competitive tech landscape, meaning engaging in compliance activities just invites yet more onerous regulation.

This is then doubled up by a second problem. The EU is an ideology and HN is full of "EU citizens" who deny this basic problem, but a lot of people have direct experience now of working on regulatory compliance for the EU and have come away baffled by rules that appear literally impossible to follow no matter what you do. Even the most obvious good faith attempts will be mysteriously revealed years later to have been illegal from the start, amongst a chorus of cheers from those who claimed that everyone should have always known that. Facebook being told "advertising is bad, don't do it" so they added an option to pay and get rid of ads, then being told "no that's illegal too" even as many German news companies do the exact same thing is a prototypical example of this. The search engine right to be forgotten that was unexpectedly discovered by judges in law that made no mention of it is another example, that one killed off any ability to compete with Google/Bing in the EU by creating huge compliance costs on day 1 of running any new search engine.

In highly competitive and fast moving markets executives in the US face a choice: allocate people to compliance activities to enable launches in the EU and quite possibly face crippling fines anyway, or allocate those same people to core tech R&D that enables you to keep your existing market position and grow faster everywhere else. The EU Commission works on the assumption that it's big enough that companies will tolerate any level of regulatory overhead in order to retain market access, but increasingly what we're seeing now is that this assumption is false, in the same way that it was false for China also in the past.
Your point would be better made if you gave any examples of such more effective, thoughtful and better products.
Parents are getting old, here's what to do
Thanks, this story would otherwise have been unreadable for me. Bit of a difference from the recent mastodon thread about writing a unix https://fosstodon.org/@drewdevault/112319697309218275

I wish people would stop using twitter as the prime host for these kinds of things.
The post is already a summary. This content not that much shorter than the article. Did you just plug the text into chatgpt to post it here? If so... why bother?
Copy-pasting comments is a terrible look: please don't do that here.
I used Gentoo for many many years, but at work where I didn't had powerful enough CPU I had to compromise and switched to Fedora, when you enable additional repos (eg. rpmsphere) software availability is pretty good, there is also copr so you can use one of community maintained repos.

They are not on the top with compiler optimizations (based on phoronix benchmarks) but are fairly close, probably because they tend to trade security for performance.

If you want things to just work I recommend using one of deb or rpm distributions as you can count that those will have official packages for anything you might need
FYI, last time I checked Signal's sqlite database was encrypted with SQLCipher [0]

Inside of the database the text is readable as plain text, unlike for example Bitwarden where the database itself is not encrypted but individual fields are.

[0] https://github.com/sqlcipher/sqlcipher
The fact that the whole Volkswagen affair was uncovered in the US is really telling. Had they created a stricter US version we would never know.
Reminded me of the Internet Beer Tap by Techinc, a hacker space in Amsterdam:

> Once upon a time, a lovely piece of Purple networking hardware got pushed into the obscene job of having to function in tapping the internet for law-enforcement purposes.
After liberating the quarter-million-dollar-networking-switch, we have taken it upon ourselves to offer it a worthy retirement plan that allows it to re-socialize itself.
The Internet Beer Tap became a fact.

https://wiki.techinc.nl/Internet_Beer_Tap
This is not my experience with GDPR. The short-term response of the ad tech industry has been to not change their ways, but to address this issue with disclaimers. This is where the cookie pop-ups and thoughtless consent interaction patterns come from.

GDPR was never about these pop-ups. It is about getting actual consent.

"By clicking on the button below, you consent with us and our 381 partners to do whatever the hell they want" may be legally acceptable in the US, but in the EU it isn't.

I know for a fact that lawyers and activists are currently challenging these patterns.

Using disclaimers to address GDPR is the short-term solution that was shaped by a US-led ad tech industry to address an EU law. I'd be surprised if 5 years from now these pop-ups are still the norm.
Yeah I know Mistral, good one. its almost the only one in AI though.
Great, we get to keep the jobs and not use products with spyware.
That's one of the more feature rich AI analytics assistants. (1)

Kudos for open sourcing. I think it's really difficult to build a business around that, but there are some successful examples in the space: metabase, airbyte, dbt, (maybe databricks?)

(1) https://github.com/Snowboard-Software/awesome-ai-analytics
You’re not wrong but Knuth’s programs have very few bugs and do a shitload.

“The reward for coding errors found in Knuth's TeX and Metafont programs (as distinguished from errors in Knuth's books) followed an audacious scheme inspired by the wheat and chessboard problem,[10] starting at $2.56, and doubling every year until it reached $327.68.”

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knuth_reward_check
Yep, probably the best way if you need to use ReplayGain unaware players.
>It waits for the index pin

you mean index hole?

>no holes

https://s3.amazonaws.com/com.c64os.resources/weblog/howdoes1...

so maybe no laser holes, but there IS a hole :-)
That is what happens when people don't learn to read answers to moving goal posts assertions.
I'll let the courts decide the legality of the artwork, I can't myself see any ethical problems. I agree with the parent that an AI-generated image is a lot better than a stock one and enhances the material as long as a human is able to validate that the image is appropriate for the context.

In this case, I'm glad that the image was included. I was about to close the tab but the image caught my attention, and I kept going.
> I absolutely would want the receiving outfit require that I visit my current outfit in person first to authorise such a transfer.

So, about that… The Medallion Signature Guarantee is often obtained from an entity not involved in the transfer. From [0] on my post:

> We do not provide medallion signature guarantees for assets you're transferring out of a Bank of America or Merrill account (guarantees are typically provided by a third party not involved in the transfer or by the firm receiving the assets).

In a way, that's a good thing: By the time you've initiated this transfer, the receiving entity should have done their KYC. And the losing entity probably would not want to take the cost of the liability. Having a third party—one who has had you as a customer for some time—is a good layer of security.
Still the best. And totally worth it. <3
They aren't the only one, there are plenty of other gold diggers trying to ride AI wave.

Just go to any European Startup event.
Great! As an avowed, committed Apple fanboy, this is great news. I just hope DHH doesn’t give up once he realizes he will get 10% of the likes when talking about Linux, compared with MacOS. Linux needs more companies to do this!
I actually was thinking about saying "maybe you can only do the one, not the other". I think it's naive to assume that any one country or association will regulate without regarding the effects on their economy and political position. Sad, but logical.

Doesn't make this piece of regulation bad. FWIW, I did applaud the US for going hard after VWs Diesel shenanigans.
> unfortunately Python's compiler cannot reliably determine whether any particular call is actually reference the current function, even if it appears to have the same name.

Interesting and unfortunate. Is this still the case in 2024?
The problem with that approach is it can leave you powerless to foreign governments in the long run.

Without airbus for example, the US would be able to impose all kinds of rules on Europe. The US could’ve said that any airline purchasing American commercial aircraft must adhere to the US travel ban list.
Because consumers can't decide what's good for them or society at large, if companies sell products designed to be as addicting as possible.

Following your logic, there should be no regulation in the tobacco and pharma industries either. Surely consumers can decide on their own what they want to put in their bodies. Advertisements don't lie, right?
Does a FOSS wifi driver for esp8266 already exist or is it in the making?
Yes, and my grandmother sprouting wheels would also invalidate the title of my blog post about needing to buy a bicycle.