skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
> Is there any reason to use SML instead of OCaml in 2024?

* Many compilers and transpilers available. Don't like LunarML? Maybe try Poly/ML. Or MLton. Or MLKit. Or SML/NJ. Etc. All of the above are pretty much complete and production quality, and there are quite a few more.

* The language has a formal specification which means there's a document formally specifying what all the constructs in the language should do. In contrast, if you wanted to build your own OCaml compiler/transpiler/interpreter, you'd basically have to follow whatever the main OCaml implementation does, which changes from one version to the next, so you'd always be playing catch-up.

* The formal specification hasn't changed since 1997. This means that once written, your SML code should work the same forever. You no longer have to worry about your programs (or their dependencies) breaking when you upgrade to a new version of OCaml.

* Compared to OCaml, your single-threaded programs will usually run faster if you compile them with MLton, mostly due to whole-program optimization / monomorphization and unboxed native integers, reals and arrays.

* Some SML implementations have interesting extensions, which you can use (at the cost of being tied to that implementation). For example, MLKit supports memory regions (i.e. more efficient memory management in some cases). SML# (which is not related to .NET) supports seamless integration with SQL and other interesting features. Some implementations support multi-threading natively and/or different forms of parallelism. Most of them also support some form of FFI to interface with C or other languages.

* SML programs are easier to port to CakeML than any other language, since CakeML is mostly an SML subset. CakeML not only allows you to formally verify that your program is correct (or that it has certain desirable properties), but it also has a compiler that is formally proven to be correct, so your compiled CakeML programs are (mostly) guaranteed to be free of miscompilation bugs as well.
This is a hard question. It gets to questions of morals very quickly and it is very hard to debate people over morals. There is one side that thinks killing is an appropriate punishment for some crimes and another that doesn't. Little constructive debate can happen around this line. It is much like the abortion debate in this way.

As a practical matter, I personally believe it is almost impossible to implement a state sanctioned death penalty without executing innocent people. Moreover, life and death decisions are handed to people with political power which automatically corrupts their judgment.

I actually can sympathize with some of the positive cases for the death penalty. It has a strong theoretical appeal but I find it impossible to support practically when I think through the implications of any implementation.
Do you use llama 3 for your work?
Everybody is going to use hybrid schemes for the foreseeable future.
If it’s coevolution, why did they try to hire Scarlett Johansson? Why not just stick to their guns that it’s “the most attractive female voice”?
Does it require elevated privilges?
Best Non-English Novels
What would be even better, if it could also search my local repository of ebooks and pdfs. Most of the stuff I do, needs serious answers from books or papers I have already selected. Random webpages on the web don't cut it.

Citing the book section/page/paragraph would be magic.
text-wrap: balance
Logz.io's AI Chatbot Makes Your Observability Tools Smart(er)
A small claims court is relatively easy to do in the US, especially if you have all of the supporting documentation. You may just have to be patient.

If you had the foresight to use a credit card for the purchase, a better alternative is a chargeback. It has been incredibly easy to get my money back from Visa directly.
If I'm developing in a container, can you run containers on the device?
Anthropic Research Sheds Light on AI's 'Black Box'
I have never updated my ethernet switches. Ever.
Okay, thanks! Now next question which comes into my mind: is there info about the regex engine they are using? I would expect there is some (proprietary?) C++ library also used in other MS products or are they even using a FOSS licensed one?
You're right that there are qualifiers. Multiple murders is one of them, but there are others:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_Texas#Ca...

In this case, it's presumably because the (supposed) murder victim was under 15.
There is a surprisingly large component to business success that is not technical. I can absolutely see how AI can help decrease technical barriers for those willing to push on an idea and make solutions possible that wouldn't otherwise be available.

There is absolutely some truth to this.
maybe the authors should have used a larger context window in order to output their paper ;-)

I jest - a well contained and specified context is important for a paper.

But also, questions like "it would be interesting to also try this other thing" is how new papers get written.
if all the citizens can ask these questions, I think it will make a difference.

and of course, the follow-up questions. Like who.
s/blinding/blindly
Suddenly this Trevor Moore WKUK video makes a lot more sense:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0EIAN1YcEUI
I just built myself a tool similar to this to filter through the endless stream of papers on Arxiv. This is cool.
I haven’t finished the article yet, so I’m not sure if this is brought up. But I’m always amazed by how much government control there was in mobilizing the US economy for WW2. Factories were converted to producing war goods overnight. From Pearl Harbor to Japans surrender, the US produced less than 200 commercial cars! The amount of centralized government control during this period was astounding. It makes you wonder if that would be possible in the US today. Not just would the American people tolerate this kind of drastic change, but whether the modern economy and supply chains could support these kinds of sudden, drastic re-directs
Such a throwback. I need a Windows 2000 virtual machine now.
> At the time, dependency management solutions were pretty primitive to what we have today...

What has fundamentally changed since then, in your opinion?
I'm glad the sole dev is able to support themselves by donations from this and now their paid Mac version. It's been an indispensable tool for batch audio tagging and the community is very helpful.
This has already been a thing since the late 80s.
Yes, words do evolve over time. Hack originally meant to cut with heavy blows, like with an axe. It then came to mean a clever and unexpected or unorthodox solution to a technical problem. It has since been generalized and adopted by the general population to mean a trick, shortcut, skill, or novel method used increase productivity.

The right diet is absolutely an effective way to increase productivity in life changing ways.
By not having to drive a tractor through it regularly maybe crops can also be planted closer together? Although, there's still the harvesting at the end at which point you'd lose those gains again.

> Driving a tractor through a field will crush a percentage of your crop

Even if there are "tracks" to account for the tractor's wheels? Nothing would have been planted there in the first place?
> If him showing no emotion was a factor in the conviction does that mean that you're not safe with the law if you have self control?

It means humans expect to see what they perceive to be human responses. 99% of people when faced with an accusation of murdering their own child will have an emotional response, not only is it not normal not to, its not admirable and is unhealthy. Its not called self control to not exhibit distress when you're accused of being a monster, that is a time where its very rational to show emotion.
A conversation with Justin Duke, founder of Buttondown
Old comment now but I'll reply anyway. I approve of what Trudeau did in that he temporarily stopped foreign buyers. But not only do I call bullshit on his reasoning I think foreign buyers of homes should never be allowed.

So ideally he shouldn't have to give this bullshit reason as they never should have been for sale on the global market in the first place.

That he would use this bullshit excuse tells me what type of person he is. But that's politicians.
Olympus OM-D E-M1: jank. It can only do a private ESSID created by the camera itself. There is an Android app from Olympus which works well enough if you just want to manually remote control the camera. Some people have found out parts of the protocol and have written open source tools to download images from the camera. Apparently that goes via HTTP, not HTTPS, so you have to place all your trust in the security of WPA.
Imagine, popups IRL, based on unlawful tracking of where you went, based on sensor info, from a sensor secretly printed onto your skin.
On iOS, Charles Proxy.
Thanks for sharing a human moment, honestly inspiring to contemplate. I have a few interview questions if you find the interest:

1. What was testing/safety/static checking culture like? I have experience within a NASA software contractor that spent a lot of time and stress on balancing classic “aerospace-y” engineering practices with the more modern ones out of SV, which are paradoxically both more and less rigorous than the old ways across different situations. In other words: in a project like this where “groundbreaking” is expected, how closely did you stick to tradition?

2. I’m dumb and just realized: did they pick Euclid because it’s in the EU??

E: 3. What’s it like to be “accomplished”? Like, more so than any random app ceo or sales consultant or whatever, you have now accomplished what would be many young people’s dream: to help build a spacecraft that’s advancing science significantly. I’m assuming all stress dissolves and any sacrifices resolve into being definitely worth it? Asking for a friend, of course.
The "proper" way of using ICQ from your phone was Jimm, an unofficial Java client. I was the cool kid with a patched Siemens phone, which could run native apps, so I used NatICQ.elf instead.
Circa 2000 or so, when AIM, MSN, Yahoo! and ICQ were all flourishing, Yahoo had already added offline messages. ICQ, I think also had them, though it was probably configurable, I recall the client having a half dozen screens of options. At that moment, neither MSN nor AIM had it yet. AIM eventually did add it, though I don't recall if it was added to AIM after ICQ de-merged from the AIM backend.
I forgot to mention the best part — a trick that modern GPUs can only pull off because of how they feed their DPEs:

Take a modern computer with a modern GPU, and plug the GPU into one 75Hz monitor and one 60Hz monitor. In your OS, arrange the resulting displays to be aligned horizontally. Start an (HW-accelerated) video playing. Now, place that video so it straddles the boundary between the two screens.

When you do this, each DPE will actually be demanding frames from the video draw-context on a different schedule; and so each DPE will actually be getting a snapshot copy of (its slice of) that buffer using a different time-weighted interpolation of two frames! But the result will look perfectly smooth and synchronized!

This synchronization would literally not be possible if the HW draw-context wasn't being snapshotted using each DPE's current rasterization/wire-encoding clock as an input.

The input required for this could — in theory, at least — be synthesized in a pure-functional manner internal to the GPU's compute, by having a final VRAM-to-VRAM copy that is done by a compute-shader with some extra logic to map each pixel position to a simulated DPE's raster-clock time.

But just having a DPE that really does things that way — keeping a physical raster-cycle clock, a "narrow" (much smaller than screen-sized) ring-buffer, and a demand circuit that issues fill orders for the GPU to write lines or tiles into the ring buffer according to the clock — is cheaper even than not synchronizing at all; let alone to doing synchronization through extra VRAM (for the mastering buffer, and for a per-pixel draw-context centroid UV texture) + an extra compute-shader pass with a virtual raster clock.
Love C# but

public static implicit operator ClassA(ClassB b)

Is very verbose. There are probably worse offenders. C# devs also love to add access modifiers even when its not needed. For example, private for anything that is meant to be private or the suffix `Async` even though you don't have a sync version of a method.
Trust Google with the facts.
Those warnings are rarely given, and also warning someone that you're about to bomb their home and store and hospital and aid and aid workers, doesn't justify the crime of doing those things.

If all innocent civilians are equal, then it's not acceptable to kill 35,000 Palestinian ones to avenge <2,000 Israeli ones, or even to prevent another <2,000 future Israeli casualties. That math makes no sense from the outside perspective, unless one discriminates based on race, or otherwise believes Israel civilians are somehow more valuable than Palestinian civilians.

As for "sympathizers": someone disagreeing with you doesn't justify exploding them, either.
So what do you do when your plans change mid-trip, and you need to go somewhere else you've never been to and didn't know to look up directions for ahead of time?
I've got a top spec i9 MBP and my same-price M1 Max blows it out of the water, while being vastly cooler and lasting forever on battery.
Lol ignorance is now intentional disinformation
The most embarrassing part is that it started off by declaring that the science was against masks, and silencing all dissenters; then moved to declaring the effectiveness of masks, demanding their universal use, and silencing all dissenters.

The problem is with the official silencing, not with masks. You can't even figure out whether masks work when you can't trust any of the sources of information to not be some sort of partisan religious police. The hydroxychloroquine fraud being published in the Lancet is something that political, wedge issue science will never recover from. It was like an awful sequel to the Wakefield incident, and a one-two death blow to the general acceptance of vaccines writ large. Now people will just believe the studies that their political party tells them to believe.
I think "I remember when Google was a small a scrappy" doesn't seem to jive with a guy who joined Google the year it went public at a $23b valuation. But I guess looking back at that $23b from the helm of a $2.18t behemoth is like ringing that same bell at $23b reminiscing about Google was a small and scrappy, $242m...wait a second...

For all the comparisons Pichai gets for what he's doing to what Steve Ballmer did at MSFT, at least Ballmer was employee 30 and his war stories were from lived experience. Sundar walked in to a 6 figure job, free food, and the Googleplex and is talking like he was hot-swapping harddrives in the original garage.
Absolutely ironic that Google for years penalized websites that didn't have all that good "authority" when it came to topics like health and finance ('Your Money or Your Life' - YMYL), and now it ranks its own seriously harmful results right at the top of the page.
Sorry if I am dumb but...I was wondering if this in practice would theoretically be able to convert or render directly old games and graphics (provided the starting point is compatible) in such a "remastered" way.

In any case I am at the third read and I think I understood enough to say "wow, looks and feels great. Would play TES Arena like that."
> so of Apple's programming languages

So the whole part of your message about "even the FSF saying that free software should run on proprietary system" works when you want to criticize Hare, but not when looking at Apple proprietary software, right?

A language is just another piece of software, I don't see why you should apply different rules to a programming language than, e.g. to a serializing system like Protobuf. And I don't think Google actively supports swift-protobuf (https://github.com/apple/swift-protobuf).

Hare upstream just says "we are not interested in supporting non-free OSes, but we won't prevent you from doing it". It's your choice to not use Hare because of this, but it's their choice to not support macOS.
Well we certainly do agree that artillery will not be the primary weapon of choice in any naval war!

I do appreciate your point of view, but I maintain that in a lengthy land war with a near peer, missile stockpiles would run low and 4th gen fighters would be unable to contest enemy airspace. Of course, the caveat is that the US would very much like to avoid any such conflict via either diplomacy or a decisive first few weeks of combat. And the hope is that 5th gen fighters would evade air defenses. Even so, US doctrine calls for being capable of fighting prolonged land wars on multiple fronts.
I just logged in for the first time in over 25 years a few weeks ago. I found https://web.icq.com/ which does not require an email address: only the ID and password. And back then I used a single password for everything.

And it worked! All my old online friends from my childhood were there, my profile message, etc. While most were offline, a few showed up as online and I quickly messaged them!

But my excitement died down as no one responded. Were their accounts hijacked? Is that status invalid? I have no idea. But I was disappointed. It's still cool the service is up all this time.
The search was providing the results as you want. Then you trigger the ChatGPT mode. It wasn't there and you intentionally wanted the ChatGPT experience by pushing another button. How hard is it to understand that for smart HN crowds?
I can definitely say there's a downside. I sometimes take the bus home, but it can get chilly at night. Previously, I would fire up a little python script that saturate all the cores, to warm my lap. My old Intel was plenty warm to keep me from getting too uncomfortable. I can't even feel my M2 through my pants, and sticking it into my shirt makes me look like an idiot.
The paginator was one of the sources of stress in that project, it actually had me walk away from the keyboard and think about it a lot before deciding how to do it.

Non-negative numbers are the index of the page starting at 0 and -1 is an ellipsis. This particular system in written in Python with Flask, I am using this CSS

https://getbootstrap.com/docs/5.3/components/pagination/

so 12 gets rewritten to

<li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="?skip=12">12</a></li>

As you point out this is the kind of code that has devilish complexity in the corner cases (benefits from having tests) but is also easy to test (no need for mocks, callback engineering, etc.) Some other examples like this are almost any kind of string parsing where off-by-one and other silly errors are so easy to make and where tests are so easy to write.

Now you could also test the function that writes the HTML for "12" and it is pretty easy to do but the gain is small and it is also un-DRY because if you want to change the appearance of your HTML you have to change the test. (Granted, a good set of unit tests could prove that it's hard to sneak an HTML/JS injection in.)

In the early 2000s there was a huge controversy over Mock Objects in Java testing. Back then you had to write your own Mocks so it was a lot of work which could be just as error prone as your own code. At the time it was also easy to get into test induced design deformation sneaking your mocks into code.

10 years or so later there was Mockito and also advances in dependency injection that made mocks ergonomic in Java in most cases.
The ICJ can issue warrants for individuals, and the many signatories are then obliged to arrest those people should they travel. Even Kissinger had to take care where he changed planes.
There were differences between BSD and SYSV signal handling that were problematic in writing portable applications.

https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/009604499/functions/bs...

It's important to remember that code in a signal handler must be re-enterant. "Nonreentrant functions are generally unsafe to call from a signal handler."

https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man7/signal-safety.7.html
WAF = Web Application Firewall
Also the Grand Canyon, which attracts much more people than the Boston Marathon:

However, a 6-year study reported that exercise-associated hyponatremia, dehydration, and heat exhaustion occurred at nearly the same rate, prompting re-examination of emergency protocols. Most exercise-associated hyponatremia cases at the Grand Canyon occur among summer hikers to the inner Canyon and are often misdiagnosed as exertional heat illness due to overlapping signs and symptoms.

https://journals.lww.com/cjasn/fulltext/2024/05000/exercise_...

Hyponatremia is especially dangerous because a common response is to drink even more water, which makes the condition even worse. The National Park Service changed all their hiking advice to explicitly recommend "salty snacks" and "sports drinks".
Ask HN: Is ChatGPT Down?
I'm unable to load the ChatGPT web app login page from both my phone and desktop.

Not much in the DOM, just a <form> element and 2 sibling <script> elements.

Console logs show 2 identical errors:

> Refused to execute a script because its hash, its nonce, or 'unsafe-inline' does not appear in the script-src directive of the Content Security Policy.

Status page currently says things are ok, though some instability in recent days: https://status.openai.com
I'd guess it's that I'm approaching the question like a lawyer, which, while appropriate for legal questions, often reads as obtuse.
> A year ago everyone was trashing Google for being ahead for years on the science of AI, but completely failing to productize it. "OpenAI is going to eat Google's search business for lunch", was the prevailing narrative. This is what people said they wanted!

People say a lot of shit. Doesn't mean you should put your poorly performing Q&A AI to provide people with outright false answers, I'm pretty sure no one asked for that.

After all, Google is running their own products, and when they make shitty choices, I think it's perfectly fair to question how they can make so bad decisions, no matter if I personally might have said "Google is failing to productize LLMs properly" or whatever.
One should learn Emacs because the bash readline editor uses Emacs key bindings by default. You will be more efficient on every computer you ever ssh into if you know ctrl-a, ctrl-k, ctrl-y etc etc.

If you are uninterested in doing the work necessary to get the other benefits that Emacs can give you, you can stop at the tutorial and use VS Code for programming.
Shoot before the other guy does. Bonus points if your politics align with the Governor.