skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
I'm not so concerned about keyless entry, it's keyless starts that I'm worried about. We've come a long way in preventing hot wiring, and this feels like a step back.

I was under the impression that you do in fact need to carry a key in order to start the car, it's just a key fob instead of a key. Is that inaccurate? Does it recognize your phone or something?

EDIT: Yeah, it looks like at least Tesla has a phone Bluetooth option [0]. I can definitely see the value there.

[0] https://www.tesla.com/ownersmanual/model3/en_us/GUID-E004FAB...
Perhaps, but only because most jobs done on computers today are by people who also have little if any math or programming ability. Change that and it's a different world to make those predictions in.
Does keeping the source code for the Death Star exhaust port controller firmware secret help create a robust planet destroyer less susceptible to attacks?
Building and Training Neural Networks in Emacs Lisp
Developing Game of Life on a TRS-80 in 2024
Show HN: Route your prompts to the best LLM
Hey HN, we've just finished building a dynamic router for LLMs, which takes each prompt and sends it to the most appropriate model and provider. We'd love to know what you think!

Here is a quick(ish) screen-recroding explaining how it works: https://youtu.be/ZpY6SIkBosE

Best results when training a custom router on your own prompt data: https://youtu.be/9JYqNbIEac0

The router balances user preferences for quality, speed and cost. The end result is higher quality and faster LLM responses at lower cost.

The quality for each candidate LLM is predicted ahead of time using a neural scoring function, which is a BERT-like architecture conditioned on the prompt and a latent representation of the LLM being scored. The different LLMs are queried across the batch dimension, with the neural scoring architecture taking a single latent representation of the LLM as input per forward pass. This makes the scoring function very modular to query for different LLM combinations. It is trained in a supervised manner on several open LLM datasets, using GPT4 as a judge. The cost and speed data is taken from our live benchmarks, updated every few hours across all continents. The final "loss function" is a linear combination of quality, cost, inter-token-latency and time-to-first-token, with the user effectively scaling the weighting factors of this linear combination.

Smaller LLMs are often good enough for simple prompts, but knowing exactly how and when they might break is difficult. Simple perturbations of the phrasing can cause smaller LLMs to fail catastrophically, making them hard to rely on. For example, Gemma-7B converts numbers to strings and returns the "largest" string when asking for the "largest" number in a set, but works fine when asking for the "highest" or "maximum".

The router is able to learn these quirky distributions, and ensure that the smaller, cheaper and faster LLMs are only used when there is high confidence that they will get the answer correct.

Pricing-wise, we charge the same rates as the backend providers we route to, without taking any margins. We also give $50 in free credits to all new signups.

The router can be used off-the-shelf, or it can be trained directly on your own data for improved performance.

What do people think? Could this be useful?

Feedback of all kinds is welcome!
Attention isn't necessarily always a good thing. Negative attention can cause people to decide to actively avoid that company and switch to a competitor. Just ask Firestone.
Amazing work ! Happy to see any effort towards PBT.
This kind of research is non-falsifiable and I think it's just a waste of these scientists' talents. You will hear never-ending theories of the Big Bang, black holes, and the end of the universe because all this research is non-falsifiable and just people playing with math and coming up with different ideas that humans find interesting, but will not affect your quality of life at all.

Science has to be falsifiable or else it's just a new type of faith.
Nice. Similar to asitop, but looks a little more feature full.
Afaik those laser mirror assemblies are fine tuned to the nano meter range and still they need to finetune for a few months on site to account for the environment where the machine will be operating.

All it takes is a bolt or some hardwired mechanism to render a 300 million dollar machine useless.
What would be your top choice for a post-Git VCS and why? I’m interested to try alternatives.
'They've grown back': How Russia surprised the West and rebuilt its force
Batteries? Motors? Electronics?

Even a basic EV is chock full of parts that I pay good money with legitimate retailers for.
Re: homeworld, it was one of the greatest games of the 1990s and I remain delighted that it received sequels and a refresh. I have nothing but fond memories of the series and still play it regularly
I saw "Tomfoolery," a Lehrer revue, in 1980 or 1981 in SF. The actor singing "The Elements" had a periodic table and a pointer. He identified every element in time and at tempo without missing a one. Impressive.
Once companies are held accountable for the weapons and whatever else the money they paid in ransom gets spent on, things will finally change. Until then, we use the word "victim" with too much lenience. The secondary victims, the ones getting bombed, or the ones that will be targeted and threatened with the nukes that just got paid for with the ransom money, shouldn't be left out of the equation as they have been thus far.

I'm sure some people don't like that way of thinking, but where else do you think one spends $22mil per "victim"? $30 billion a year buys a lot more than fancy clothes and yachts.
I think we already know that, it's just there's usually a tradeoff for these things. Subgroups with higher average IQs also have higher rates of psychiatric disorders etc... If society's healthy there'll be lots of opportunities for subgroups to niche down. If it's not, everyone will be chasing the same rabbit and the inherent unfairness is going to compound that problem.
Can agree. Did a pretty good PR and first comer advantage.
Giant transverse thermoelectric effect by adding magnetic materials
Feels really creepy and suspicious to me.

But does it feel intellectually interesting?
Tax the money when it is moved to an account out of the country. Every country should do this. A person who accumulates great wealth within a country should have to pay a large tax whenever they move that money out of the country.
Consent and Compensation: Resolving Generative AI's Copyright Crisis
At least 1k Damien Hirst artworks were painted years later than claimed
poor ergnomics? yes? but u know what's worse? setuid root executables.
when i add something to the server generated html, first of all i have to change the html template, then i have to add the field to the function/class that feeds the data into the template, and i have to add it to the database if it is not already there.

with a frontend framework i add it to the html template in the frontend, and i add it to the function/class that generates the json output. and again to the database if not already there.

as far as i can tell, that's the same amount of code that needs to be changed.

yes, there is one piece of extra code to generate json, but that is either a standard library or something you write once. either way, the json generator should not need to be changed.
Show HN: Refero – web and iOS design references for UX/UI research
Together with my partner, we are bootstraping a service that allows product designers (and actually startup founders) to find design references from real life product (web and iOS).

Why is this important and why does it even work? Every designer spends up to 6 hours a week (we've talked to over 100 of our users to make sure) looking at references on sites like Dribbble and Behance for sources of inspiration. Sometimes they just need to find payment form or specific dashboard, for example. And Refero solves this problem in the best way possible. Refero allows you to find iOS pages or web screens with the pattern or element the designer needs. Thus, it saves a lot of time.

We started our work almost 2 years ago. Without any funding, we spent all our weekends and any free time on it.
To date, we have collected more than 60,000 screens. All screens are in high quality with @x2 resolution and full size. We start every new feature by doing reference research with Refero, so we eat our dog food and really enjoy it.

Why am I posting this here? Of course, we are looking for new users. And I believe that here we can find many founders here who will benefit from our service. In fact, up to 5% of our customers are early stage founders. We offer a trial version without entering card details and all that bullshit.

Just give it a try: https://refero.design
If they only need heat, could they use nuclear waste?
>Tiny, independendant bedroom producers are BLOWING TF UP every single day becayse 5 seconds of their song becomes a tic tok meme.

That is a common trope pushed by platforms like TikTok & IG to encourage musicians to work on the platform. TikTok does not help musicians to grow in any way unless they are already very popular (over ~100k followers). If you become a popular artist on TikTok, they invite you to HQ where they assign you a client manager that gives you help in promoting your account, but it comes with a price. Social platforms captures the profit that a musician reaps from using the platform without paying royalties in most cases in reality. The music business now is a broken system of payola if you ask artists that weren't born rich.

TikTok is also on the way out as an option as well, as it is supposedly going to be banned in September this year.
Students are not lacking access to information, they're lacking motivation.
They bare some, but much less than the "developed" world
That would be a vulnerability of a naive, always on implementation. But I'd think that risk would be significantly mitigated if the self-destruct system has to be armed first.

e.g. China invades Taiwan, someone then immediately presses the "self-destruct enable" button, which cannot be disabled for a long period of time. If the invasion succeeds, someone transmits the self-destruct code. If it fails they don't, the machine stays intact, and someone gets to work disarming the self-destruct.

I think it's plausible such a device could be built. Just make it battery powered and tamper-proof fail-deadly except when the battery runs down. Size the battery for two or three times the time Taiwan could be expected to hold out against an invasion.
I used to agree with this point, but I actually changed my stance.

Once you hit a problem that an AI cannot solve, it's good to be at least aware of what's going on in the field. You don't necessarily have to remember every formula and every fact off the top of your head, but having an intuition on what facts and formulas there are and where they can be used is immensely helpful.

Imagine you're writing a program in an esoteric scripting language that Copilot doesn't understand, and you need to put a large array of events in order from oldest to newest. If you had to learn this sort of think before, you'll immediately have an intuition that this is called sorting, there are slow (n^2) sorting algorithms and faster (n log n) sorting algorithms and you want the latter, and that quicksort is probably a good candidate to start with. You don't necessarily have to be able to write quicksort by hand, you can look up an implementation online and port it to your weird proprietary language, but the intuition is important.
You go there and you see it.

For example - drug addicts wandering about in San Diego, tents cropping up everywhere, crazies shouting outside of Finsbury Park tube station, "travellers" fly tipping in the UK.

The remote parts of Sweden and Finland don't have these issues. Maybe a few kids doing donuts in the car park after hours because they're bored. That's it.
In my experience it always has, every single time.
I think we're past that. Setting aside politically hot topics like IQ, Height is genetically determined and makes a huge difference in life outcomes. Now it's all about what we do with that information.
The most practical/cheap option would probably be an old phone with parental locks and access to a streaming service. It'd be much more functional and cheaper than any dedicated screenless device, and it gives a kid much more autonomy. It's understandable to want to protect kids from predatory algorithms, but music streaming services are probably the least predatory out of all the "big" apps. Also they never stopped making cheap mp3 players, if you want to have complete control over their music discovery
Eventually everything becomes toml.

All jokes aside, I think the equivalent for this would be markdown not xml/csv/json/yaml.
Especially in a limited domain like grade school math, it seems entirely plausible that we can have models in very short order that ~never hallucinate. There's no external dependencies and the problem space is extremely well-defined and constrained. Much, much, much easier than making something like Chat-GPT never hallucinate
This article never mentions the existing access setup:

1. a really dense network of rights of way – almost entirely on privately-owned land https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rights_of_way_in_England_and_W...

2. open access to unimproved wild land: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freedom_to_roam#England_and_Wa...

The way this article reports the campaigners, you'd be forgiven for thinking that there are no existing rights of access in law, and for thinking that private ownership of land necessarily means absolute access restrictions.

This is not just a problem with this specific article; I've seen it numerous times, and it makes me think that this is a consistent pattern of this campaign; the campaigners are either wilfully ignoring the rights which already exist or are themselves woefully ignorant. Either way, they're doing the public a disservice by spreading what looks a lot like misinformation.
In rooted phones, or sideloaded since it no longer satisfies Play Store security rules, given that many Linux syscalls aren't officially supported on Android.
Counterpoint: I'm spending thousands on stuff like APIs to graph out data for my users and would like to be compensated.

The existing system could work with tweaks. I like metrics like time-on-page, load times, and "domain authority". With the right weights on the algorithm, real practical guidelines and a robust system of manual actions (hopefully as transparent as possible) I believe something like Google can last for as long as the internet does.
I forgot this point, but you are right. I use ChatGPT for all programming queries- as I don't want Google routing me to pop-up infested splogs.
Live House hearing on the use of AI in U.S. security and defense
What if you approached the school to pay for it? B2B > B2C, provide access using school keycards or similar. Like a coworking stipend at a remote for profit.
I suspect we may have different ideas of the use case here. To me Amber is not a language I would develop an application in. I would use it in the same places I currently write bash.

Given that, my production systems are likely a big target. None of my production systems have a JVM/JRE installed, and installing one just to run shell scripts would be (IMHO) a huge increase in attack surface for little to no gain. It would also bloat the hell out of my container images.

If I'm writing a GUI application or a web server or something, then I would agree JVM is more "portable." But if I just want a script that will run equally well on Ubuntu 18.04 and Fedora 40, and across all production machines regardless of what application stack is there (node.js, ruby, python, etc), and regardless of what version of node or python or ruby is installed, Amber feels highly portable to me.
GigaPath: Whole-Slide Foundation Model for Digital Pathology
Bothies are awesome:

https://www.mountainbothies.org.uk/

My favourite is probably Camasunary:

https://annestravelsandhikes.com/2018/02/16/a-walk-to-camasu...
"We try things. Occasionally they even work." —Rob Balder
"can sue you" is a very very important detail here. As I understand it, in the UK, the losing party in a suit pays legal expenses on both sides, which discourages "let's just shake them down" lawsuits. in the U.S. it's way too easy to get a contingency lawyer who knows anyone can sue someone else for anything and they'll have to settle for $$ just because it's cheaper than going to court to "win" against a weak complaint. I did some financial modeling on this years ago that gave a good prediction of when cases will settle in the U.S. tl;dr when the money given to the defense lawyer approaches the probable expectation of the loss you're trying to avoid.
Maybe I wasn't clear. First I described a somewhat common practice in corporate settings, which is ostensibly motivated by security policies. Then I described my personal preference, which I motivated with resource consumption and performance factors.

I did not say that the corporate practice is a good one, I just brought it up as an example to refute the suggestion that limited web browsers are incredibly unusual.
scale-ups, some well funded startups, big companies for some roles if you add up bonus, pension, other benefits.

Not too many options tbh, and you need a bit of luck, but there are some. It's hard to figure out from the job description so you usually need to do a bit of digging.

To keep in mind as well is that in Denmark the vast majority of jobs are not advertised. I know it happens everywhere but I never experienced anything that comes even close in other countries.

What used to be fairly popular is "consulting" at 2x+ salary. Almost zero risk due to high demand, this has changed somewhat.
Very cool, could see something like this being in a passive display.

Interestingly, this code is from 2012! I just assumed it was something new.
You could be seeing correlation and not causation. People with psych issues want to get better. Those that are intellectually curious tend to read up on underlying causes and possible solutions.

I will say, that while I've read a lot of these sorts of books, they've mainly helped me identify my predispositions in temperament, my blind spots, etc. If you really press a therapist on the question, they will tell you that the only real way to 'treat' this is having loving and stable friends and romantic partners. I imagine being religious can help as it grants you easy access to a welcoming community, and frankly 'god' is the ultimate parental figure for those that believe.
That's like saying that your happy someone person who plagiarized your work got famous because you live on in their "trained output"
The new stuff is always simple
Impressive! You should give yourself more credit as it takes more than just internet and patience to teach yourself enough to get into college.

I am also excited for society. However I am worried as well. While an AI tutor who is able to understand the child's current knowledge and gear the lessons toward what will make the most sense will be very powerful, it could also be used for brainwashing, propaganda, misinformation, etc. While we've invented a better way to transfer knowledge, we haven't removed the human desire to control information.
Would this be because the beach is deemed public, not private with a right to access it? To allow someone to sue a landowner on the beach would be confirming it is privately owned by the landowner, no?
I like how the website is as easy to read as a glossy magazine brochure in a gloomy cave entrance on an overcast day.
I should also note that I’m looking forward to CLOG being ready as an in-browser IDE for Common Lisp soon. It’s a really neat open source tool for developers if you haven’t heard of it yet:
https://github.com/rabbibotton/clog
There may be "no money in EdTech" but that doesn't mean there can't be impactful products for it.

Students don't want to pay for Google but every student still uses it.

Some students will want to waste time if given access to more tools like AI agents, but the motivated ones will use it to their advantage. Even if it's wrong sometimes, it's right a lot, perfect for rubber ducking, and almost always gives answers that are at least interesting or point you in a useful direction.

As for "GPT-4" fabricating things, I remember in school how I wrote essays and was given A's despite citing NYT and Wikipedia. Fabrications exist all over the place. If anything, hallucinations might give more examples as to how to be skeptical of any source and look for direct sources as much as possible.

In college I went to office hours and there was 30 minute line to talk to the TAs. AI agents respond instantly. These things are going to overall transform education for the better.
If NASA's real goal is to have a reliable second-source provider, and their endless futzing around with Boeing is incompatible with that (due to limited NASA staffing, politics, or whatever) - then keeping Boeing's feet to the fire does carry high costs for NASA.
Why so many packages? Does it mean that all of them have some critical flaw, and are so hard to fix (for some reason) that everyone just starts from scratch instead of fixing an existing one?
Tesla Sold 1.2M Cars Without a Key FSD Chip Since Q4 2021
It's not even really benefits of guns are outweighed by people doing murders. All countries pretty much have some gun availability. In the UK where I am you can get a shotgun without huge problems for example. Also all countries have restrictions - even in the US I don't think you are allowed to stock up on M777 howitzers and ammo (British gun by the way). It's about having sane regulation.
> (under the hood, all of those are just a C-style union bundled with a tag field which identifies the active content of the union)

Crucially that's not necessarily what's going on in Rust and (assuming it lands) won't be the actual implementation of C++ std::optional<T&> specialisation.

Instead the language can decide from the value which type it has. This is where Rust's Guaranteed Niche Optimisation kicks in. If we've promised the compiler that type T's values don't occupy the space needed fully, the GNO promises that sum types consisting of T plus one other value are the same size as T was. There is no "tag field".

In practice, the compiler can provide optimisations beyond the Guarantee. For example the compiler can see that OwnedFd (a file descriptor) has a niche so Option<OwnedFd> is the same size as OwnedFd (ie the same size as a C integer, typically 4 bytes), but it can also see that char has a huge niche. Many of the 32 bits aren't needed to store a 21-bit Unicode scalar value, so (although the guarantee doesn't apply) a sum type of a char and six hundred other named possibilities is the same size as just the char was.

Ah, I see you mention this at the end, I think it's worth highlighting much earlier, that the "tag" isn't actually a mechanically necessary part of such a type.
Audio engineering and signal processing. It’s incredible what you can do. From shaping a waveform that sounds just like a snare drum to geolocating SATCOM jammers by detecting signals below the noise floor of common satellite broadcasts. It’s all just different branches of the same application.
> no human teacher would be able to achieve this.

They would, but only if you were rich enough to afford a personal tutor. There's plenty of scientific evidence that students who have one learn a lot faster than those stuck in a classroom. With AI, you can probably get most of the benefits of a personal tutor for a fraction of the price.
> We didn't just stop teaching children how to read the second that text-to-speech stuff came about

TTS from visual input isn't good enough to be an example of that yet. It's good, but not that good.

> we didn't stop teaching basic arithmetic the second that calculators were invented and we didn't stop teaching algebra the second that Wolfram Alpha was released.

And yet, my A-level exams 22 years ago required me to have a graphic calculator.