skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
It is coherent e.g. if the "AI" is used as a tool to copy another's code.

> The fact that it’s mad-libs autocomplete instead of normal intellij auto-complete is totally irrelevant

Completely relevent if the former had and gave no permission and the latter did.
> not entirely positive

I don't know if he was responsible, but null-terminated strings has got to be one of the worst mistakes in computer history.

That said, how is the significance of C and Unix "overblown"?

I agree Jobs was brilliant at manipulating people, I don't agree that that should be celebrated.
Given how huge the A380 is, it is more likely to fly less than completely full, which increases the odds that you'll have vacant seat(s) next to you in economy class.

Also, if you want to go for a walk, the distance you are allowed to walk is a lot further.
That is what I always used to imagine as our monument, maybe the Fibonacci sequence via orbiting star shades. Or maybe that's too natural, maybe a binary sequence via orbiting star shades.

However, while I ain't no city-slickin' Kardashev Type II orbital mechanic, all those star shades might not be in a stable orbit over hundreds of millions of years. They might require some propulsion for station keeping. That sounds hard for anyone, across those time scales, especially as the star grows.

It might be "easier" for longevity, to terraform a Mercury type planet with unnatural chemicals, then smash a large off-plane comet into it, to create a band of non-star weird chemicals which would fall into the star and should last for millions of years, giving it a one-in-a-billion spectrograph?

edit: Come to think about it a bit more, I would argue that the latter solution is entirely within our technological grasp nearly today, as a pre-Kardashev scale civilization.
There's a few options, OpenAI's list of legal risks is extensive and horrifying.

* For the data sources, we know there's a lot of CSAM in there, and that OpenAI knowingly shipped this data to 3rd party companies to tag it. Time ran an article about their Kenyan parters, who quit on them because "Look at this image. If the image is CSAM, push the button" is a horrifying job.

* There's copyright. AI relies extensively on hiding the true scale of the copyright problem by filtering infringing content out of the AI responses. But the engineers of those systems know the dirty details. (It's dubious that such filtering would bring them back into compliance with fair use; LLMs are paraphrasing machines and copyright filters do not cope well with paraphrasing)

* Discrimination is a shitshow. LLMs discriminate as their dataset isn't reflective of reality, but of what and how we choose to record reality. And as Google's "Diverse Nazis" image generation shows, messing with prompts doesn't work to fix this. It'll be discrimination lawsuits either way. All major AI firms know of this problem, and internally investigate it to avoid gaffes like Google's.

In practice, the boring answer to the question is "all of the above and then some". A big problem for OpenAI is that these are massive problems, for which their engineers could be dragged into a courtroom to testify about.
Drive and intensity can also read as “young person willing to work 14 hours a day plus weekends” vs “older experienced person with a family and who is no longer as willing to sacrifice themselves and their family on the altar of work so some shareholder can make more $$.
Having witnessed how the hormones secreted by a dying liver can dramatically alter personalities, I was interested based on the title.

Unfortunately this research seems more to be a survey intended to promote various woo-woo theories. Don't get me wrong it would be revolutionary if true, to the point of discovering new physics and biology. Unfortunately the quality of the data fails to support any such conclusions, leading me to believe the authors are either extremely incompetent or not people to be taken seriously.
Another example: the hoarding of toilet paper after the pandemic lockdowns. Granted, this was panic writ very small, but it was panic nonetheless. Suddenly everyone was hoarding TP because everyone thought there wouldn't be any available, thus turning the TP shortage into a self-fulfilling prophecy.
Regular users know how to install an extension that interacts with the DOM, though
I guess Lufthansa is now a fairly small airline then? Years ago it was a big one. Of course I can remember flying Pan Am so doesn’t mean much.
> These are fallacies of the capitalist ideology - it creates scarcities

If capitalism causes scarcity, then surely socialism/communism is the true champion in this game. Scarcity of things that shouldn't be scarce in anyone's most wild imagination. Food, clothing, minor comforts like entertainment. Power, water, you name it.

>There is more 'money' in the capitalist west than what's needed to treat every single person living there.

Because the money is the abstraction of any valuable thing. Some billion-dollar-valuated company has an abstract value of a billion dollars... but that doesn't mean there is a billion dollars worth of food to feed the hungry, or a billion dollars worth of clothing to clothe the naked and ragged. Somehow though, this really drives the economically-illiterate into lunatic rages... the idea that there is a mechanism to measure the value of such things.

> You are talking literal nonsense. The most expensive healthcare with the worst results on the planet is in the US.

Sure, and you don't even understand why. If you wanted to make it cheap, you'd outlaw insurance and make everyone pay for their care out of pocket. Prices would crash within days, weeks at most. That sounds crazy to you though, because you don't understand economics very well.
Personally I think this is entirely the wrong direction for EVs. What a waste carrying such a huge battery around, and of course tire wear and pollution is now a recognized issue which is much worse for heavier vehicles.

Who drives 14h without a stop? And then when you stop, if there are ubiquitous chargers, you just charge at each stop.

So we really only need 150-200km range, if that, and should focus instead on standardizing chargers, and putting them 'on every street corner', ie making them cheap, and ubiquitous.
Even on an Intel Mac with a discrete GPU, fractional scaling is rarely a problem. I typically run my trashcan Mac Pro (low-end D300 GPUs) at 4K/1440p, and only a few problems come to mind:

• Microsoft Remote Desktop (with "Optimize for Retina displays" enabled and RDP host settings optimized for quality) is usable and looks good, but things that rapidly change large sections of the display, like dragging windows around, have noticeable lag. Though this lag is generally only reduced, not eliminated, at native resolutions, so changing modes in this case is rarely worthwhile, and the Windows applications I use most (Visual Studio, JetBrains Rider, and Windows Terminal) run well enough that I choose to work via 1440p-like Remote Desktop 99% of the time even when a local connection is only a KVM switch away.

• Playing back 60 FPS videos in mpv with high quality presets and scaling algorithms drops frames. Default settings and lower frame rate videos both work fine, and in light of Retina superscaling, the quality difference is negligible, so I change mpv settings rather than scaling settings in this case.

• While not a performance problem, displays from OSes designed with pixel-perfect rendering in mind (e.g., classic Mac OS, NeXTSTEP) look bad at higher-than-VGA resolutions. The only scenario where I typically switch to another scaling mode is when emulating these.
Luckily that doesn't exist. It's about equivalent to spinning up a Ghostbusters unit and letting it wither. You can argue that we'll be in trouble if we encounter ghosts, but on likelihood weighted basis there are much better uses of time.
ChatGPT is a terrible source of info of security related topics.
It's like when radio network devices claim "35 mile range" with a VHF link... but that was only possible because both of the transceivers were on top of mountains. Not a surprise but not useful information either.
I quite like and use Julia but wish there was a language mixing the best aspects of Julia and Swift (which I think can be done without many compromises, i.e. it would be a better language overall).

Some things I don't like about Julia:

- array.mean().round(digits=2) is more readable than round(mean(array), digits=2)

- Poor support for OOP (no, pure FP is not the optimal programming approach).
It goes up whenever you can't reach it
The plane can carry 45,000 gallons of fuel. 2.1 bucks a gallon. So probably 500 bucks of savings a flight since most flights arent full capacity. 130k flights in '23. So ez 65 million in savings a year.

Worth doing for the environment even if it's cost neutral probably.
You are misunderstanding my question. I am talking about Dyson swarm satellite, not about habitat with solar panels.
Those are mostly behaviors that violate others autonomy or otherwise do harm, and prohibiting those is what I meant by a social contract.

It’s really a pretty narrow spectrum of behaviors: killing, imprisoning, robbing, various types of bodily autonomy violation. There are some edge cases and human specific things in there but not a lot. Most of them have to do with sex which is a peculiarly human thing anyway. I don’t think we are getting creepy perv AIs (unless we train them on 4chan and Urban Dictionary).

My point isn’t that there are no possible areas of conflict. My point is that I don’t think you need a huge amount of alignment if alignment implies sameness. You just need to deal with the points of conflict which do occur which are actually a very small and limited subset of available behaviors.

Humans have literally billions of customs and behaviors that don’t get anywhere near any of that stuff. You don’t need to even care about the vast majority of the behavior space.
Yeah when I lived there as a kid the joke was that Houston has three seasons - Summer, July and August!
You figure out how to put a fusion reactor on a spaceship without melting the whole thing into a blob of metal and use a particle accelerator as a super high isp engine.

Sci-fi but mostly in the ’not melting down’ part.
SubSpace was always just a lousy rip-off of XPilot anyway.
The main reason C and Unix became widespread IMHO is not because they were better than the alternatives, but rather because AT&T distributed them with source code at no cost, and their motivation for doing that was not altruistic, but rather the need to obey a judicial decree or an agreement made at the end of an anti-trust court case under which IBM and AT&T were ordered not to enter each other's markets. I.e., AT&T was prohibited from selling computer hardware and software, so when they accidentally found themselves to be owners of some software that some universities and research labs wanted to use, they gave it away.

C and Unix weren't and aren't bad, but they are overestimated in comments on this site a lot. They weren't masterpieces. The Mac was a masterpiece IMHO. Credit for the Mac goes to Xerox PARC and to Engelbart's lab at Stanford Research Institute, but also to Jobs for recognizing the value of the work and leading the first implementation of it available to a large fraction of the population.
Ideas are cheap. It’s all about “thinking about problems and trying to solve them”.
I would argue that default element-wise operations and 0 based indexing can lead to a lot of cognitive overhead vs the "more math-y" notation of MATLAB or Julia. And overloaded operators like block matrix notation or linear solves are much closer.

The type system in Julia is perhaps even better than MATLAB for some linear algebra operations (a Vector is always a Vector, a scalar is always a scalar). But the Python ecosystem is often far superior to both, and MATLAB has toolboxes which don't have equivalents in either other language. Julia has some uniquely strong package ecosystems (autodiff to some extent, differential equations, optimization), but far fewer.
When you give women literacy, opportunity, and bodily autonomy, population problems go away.
> (I don't know what to do if another change interrupts the first but it's a rare case and can probably be handled imperfectly.)

This kind of lerp trick, while imperfect, is useful in exactly these sort of situations. It allows you to smooth movement even if the target point is changing at at arbitrary intervals (note too that it works okay generalised to multiple dimensions). And the statelessness is very useful too - I don't think the feel is great and it's not very controllable, but being able to just add some damping to the movement without having to track animation states or anything like that is super useful.
I would suspect there's some truth in an orthogonal way. Any major surgery that eliminates continuous pain, even if it was not overwhelming, has the potential to alter the patient afterwards. I know I was a different person personality wise after surviving major cancer surgery.

That said, the musings in this article reads like rubbish.
> you still have to deal with Houston summers (April through October) when being outdoors for any length of time is miserable.

This is a minor exaggeration. Pollen aside, April is generally fairly pleasant. May is more dicey, but it isn't necessarily miserable. (I've managed to work from a coffee shop patio at least a couple days this month without having to call it quits in the early afternoon.) We can even have pleasant if humid days as late as early June IME.

But yes, summer can be rough. I generally say summer is 6 months when I'm speaking loosely to set context for someone who hasn't experienced it.
Apache NuttX RTOS on Sophgo SG2000 RISC-V SoC (Milk-V Duo S SBC)
… for now.

What happens after ten generations of selection for the ones who reproduced?

(This is also a major reason I think the current right wing fertility panic is mostly bullshit with the exception of maybe a few places with unusually low rates of reproduction.)
>What if someone builds a supermassive teapot in Earth's orbit and it breaks free and comes hurtling towards us?

Ok, that seems ridiculous and infeasible and nothing that has happened so far indicates that this is a real threat.

>Yes, but it would be so catastrophic to humanity, that we must take it seriously, regardless of how improbable it is!

This is the AGI debate, in my view. If we're picking different extremely improbable events to get worked up about, why stop at AI?
LuaJIT faster

I find it interesting that after all these year of little development on LuaJIT, and active development in Julia - that LuaJIT is still faster (while also being general purpose).

https://julialang.org/benchmarks/
Probability is only half of the expected value equation. When the outcome is excessive then you should care even if the probability is low as long as it is non-zero.
> some of the writing conventions, sentence structure, grammar, spelling etc is so terrible, I can’t believe it was actually peer reviewed.

The key problem is /peer/.

I.e. people no better :)
Show HN: Brawshot – Basic temporal denoise for videos in BRAW format
I wanted to record the aurora last weekend, but I only have a Blackmagic Design video camera which is clearly not made for this purpose. Recording a video of the night sky results in extreme noise to the point that you don't really see anything, so I wrote a tool to significantly reduce noise in such video recordings. Essentially it computes a moving average across video frames which significantly reduces the random sensor noise. This works because aurora changes very slowly, and it's roughly comparable to a long exposure time computed out of a video file where the individual frames have a very short exposure time. But unlike a photo camera with long exposure time, this produces a video at full frame rate again. The window size of the moving average has no influence on the computation time, so even large window sizes of e.g. 100 frames or more are no problem.

If you want to use this tool for artistic purposes, it will produce extreme motion blur depending on the window size you choose.

I am aware that tools like ffmpeg or the paid version of DaVinci Resolve have denoising features, but at least ffmpeg's denoising filters are extremely slow and memory intensive, and it's fun to implement this as fast GPU accelerated open source software for this non-standard use case anyway.

To use this tool, you'll need a Blackmagic Design camera which records in BRAW format (or you could hack the video decoder in the main.cpp file to decode some other source video file format).

If someone has a good idea how to remove the remaining noise pattern which seems to be inherent in the image sensor and very slowly changes over time, I'd be very interested!
>The only way ordinary people can survive is by having power, and UBI is not enough. If you need UBI you should probably have already had a revolution and seized control because the rulers can always end it.

The problem is not much that the rulers can end it, but that they'll continue it in perpetuity. Or if you wish, that they will only selectively end it, or threaten to end it, for some - as a punishment of disobedience.

UBI's allure from the point of view of those in power is it turns citizens into dependents. So people not working, and not having power, thus turning into "clients", is kind the whole point.

So, yeah, the version of UBI that doesn't have that drawback, is UBI in a society where the masses have seized the control and are actively exercizing it too (not eager to give it back).
The people who exercise and are obese are two distinct groups.
Is this a sarcasm?
There’s a cost/benefit ratio chart in that link from GP comment.

The ROI appears to be 2 years. Considering the application is relatively easy, this looks like a good deal for airlines.
It might even compound. Ie if because of the sharkskin you have to take less fuel onboard, then the plane will be lighter and you will consume even less fuel.
On long distance flights a significant portion of total plane weight is fuel.
Walking tends to affect digestion in ways other than raw calorie intake.
You're going to have a hell of a time getting very many objects out of a mold meant to hold concrete for an interesting lawn ornament. Especially when in the hands of a renter who's probably by definition never used the process.
You can simulate many users by scaling down your resources. Try the smallest box and max out one aspect and then try another.
After opening, yes, especially if it is all natural.
You can overload your own types to get a lot of those things (poor support for OOP is harder but you can sort of emulate it with traits). Overloading `getproperty` for the former case.

Of course it's not built in, which I understand is annoying if that's your preferred coding style. I personally am sad that really good traits aren't encoded in the language.
I have a theory that you are a board game family or you are not.

We were not a board game family, apart from the occasional attempt to get through Monopoly without my little sister flinging it onto the floor. My partner, however is from board game people. When we're with her family, there are dice and cards and tokens, words and numbers fly through the air, and I am utterly lost. I played Scrabble with her once. I used to think I was smart.
This is a nonsense statement.

Every poll performed on Ukrainians shows that a clear majority doesn't want elections right now, and Ukrainian law permits this during wartime. The logistical challenges are insurmountable particularly when one things about local elections. People are displaced all across the country and to other countries, soldiers that are fighting on the front lines cannot just rotate simply to be able to cast their votes without creating unnecessary chaos and risks, there's the legitimate threat of bomb attacks on polling places.

The UK didn't hold elections during WWII despite being vastly more secure on their island than Ukrainians are.
Go Browser Package
I find it interesting that after all these years of HN, commenters still ignore the main topic of the OP (a calculus book) to focus on the language it's written in
Facebook definitely makes more sense to me. It only stops me if I try to go browse back through all their photos or something. I can look at posts and any of their… I dunno how Facebook works, but featured or whatever images, for menus or current sales or what have you, no problem. Insta stops me if I try to scroll past the first screenfull of content, and doesn’t have as much info available outside of posts (most of which I can’t see)

I have avoided a place with only insta, simply because i couldn’t see anything I needed to.
If I am not using named arguments I find myself using the pipe operator a lot. I also find it more readable.

array |> mean |> round

For scenarios with named arguments there is a little not so cleaner workaround

array |> mean |> x->round(x, digits=2)
##detects sarcasm 100% of the time
def IsSarcasm(text):
return True
Not sure what counts as hoarding. I've always bought it in bulk and prefer to have at least a 6 months supply, even 12 months seems reasonable. It does not spoil, I can buy when it's on sale, and it's relatively compact and stacks well without wasting storage space.

Though, I suppose there were people who were buying it when they did not expect to use it personally. Fuck those people.
> Comments are not for extended discussion; this conversation has been moved to chat.

I honestly don't mind this, it makes sense. Comments aren't for extended discussion, so move them to the place that is, e.g. chat. But, it's really it's quite obnoxious when they subsequently delete the chatroom!

Internet Archive rescued the top comments[1], but you can't click the button to see all of them. Even so, there is some useful context here. User `dobey` points out:

> Setting $PATH for the non-root user would not affect the environment for root where the packages are being installed. It is more likely the binary was copied to a directory which is already in root's $PATH instead.

OP confirms this:

> Just one little side note - I did not edit $PATH, I just symlinked dwarf fortress to /usr/local/bin. Otherwise this seems correct. Well done and thanks much!

An open question for me is whether this was user error on the OP's part, or a fundamental flaw in the design of UNIX and/or apt.

---

1: https://web.archive.org/web/20170818234302/https://askubuntu...
Not exactly. Time does run more slowly near a strong gravitational source, and if you are near the event horizon of a stellar–mass black hole this effect can be extreme. However, the larger the black hole is, the flatter the space around it. Furthermore, “near” is relative. A Birch world would be built around a black hole which is approximately a light–year in diameter. The structure would be “near” the black hole’s event horizon in relative terms but in absolute terms it would still be pretty far away, perhaps a quarter of a light year. Expect a time dilation of just 2:1, meaning that for every year on the Birch world two years pass for the rest of the universe.

It might seem like this costs you a lot, since it halves the amount of time you can live near your black hole. However, the lifetime of that black hole will be somewhere between 10¹⁰⁰ and 10¹⁰⁶ years, which is pretty insane even if you only get to use half of them. Furthermore, this is many orders of magnitude longer than the lifetime of a galaxy, so your civilization could potentially outlive everything else in the universe. Large stars burn out the quickest, but with black holes it is the other way around: small black holes evaporate the soonest. You might think that storing hydrogen in brown dwarf planets for use in fusion reactors would power a civilization for a long time, but fusion reactors are surprisingly inefficient. A civilization built around a rotating supermassive black hole can take advantage of the Penrose process to extract more usable energy from the same mass than the fusion reactors would.
No because Matlab is never going away from the industry. Same for Python/matplotlib btw.