skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Seriously guys, don't write:

a = lerp(a, B, 1.0 - exp(-delta * RATE2))

Write:

a = lerp(a, B, -expm1(-delta * RATE2))

This is precisely the situation where you really want to use expm1:
https://www.johndcook.com/blog/cpp_expm1/

And (as pointed in the above) if you're worried about the slowness of it, just Taylor expand it to x+x²/2.

Finally, unless division is too costly, do:

a = lerp(a, B, -expm1(delta / -T))

Where T is the “time constant” (which you can intuitively express in time units, like seconds):
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exponential_smoothing#Time_con...

It's not the half-life (sorry) but it's still a lot more intuitive as a parameter.
False equivalency. Oracle vs Google was over an open source Sun Microsystems API. And sampled music requires permission. Paying OpenAI to steal art for you isn’t some creative commons community.
> The Bolsheviks were against the independence of all 4 of these countries after the end of WW I, and in the years 1919-1920 tried and failed to conquer each of them.

The Soviets accepted the independence of Finland, and it was Poland that invaded Soviet Russia in 1920, not the other way around.
I believe that is what gets the call started so awaiting there is okay. There isn’t anything to stream at that point.
Isn't it amusing that censorship is there to protect the morals of civilians, yet the censors are not corrupted by viewing it?
Hello HN,

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Louis-Étienne
There's nothing too remarkable about the first stage.

Their second stage is what they're selling themselves on. There's no currently operational re-usable second stage. Starship is supposed to become a reusable second stage. Rocketlab's Neutron (their new rocket in development) only has a re-useable first stage.

Their second stage uses an aerospike of sorts, letting their engine end also be their heat shield. This is different from what Starship is doing. Their heat shield is also cooled by propellant.

Everyday Astronaut has a writeup and video: https://everydayastronaut.com/stoke-space/

I think a lot of their viability comes down to how well their fuel cooling system works, and how broad of a range they can operate in. Every bit of fuel they need to carry for "cooling only" purposes (as opposed to also providing needed thrust) is $$$ lost.
From Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Species

>While the definitions given above may seem adequate at first glance, when looked at more closely they represent problematic species concepts. For example, the boundaries between closely related species become unclear with hybridisation, in a species complex of hundreds of similar microspecies, and in a ring species.

[...]

If species were fixed and clearly distinct from one another, there would be no problem, but evolutionary processes cause species to change. This obliges taxonomists to decide, for example, when enough change has occurred to declare that a lineage should be divided into multiple chronospecies, or when populations have diverged to have enough distinct character states to be described as cladistic species.
More likely some dimwit will copy paste hallucinated code that does something horrible lol let's be honest.
I don't think that's an accurate read. He did say

>if any former employee who signed one of those old agreements is worried about it, they can contact me and we'll fix that too
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LmAG8-V_WQY
I suspect both can be true at the same time. In the case of Instagram it still seems silly to miss out on potential customers by only posting on a non-public platform though.
That provides more information (and visuals) on the technology itself.

I've spent a few minutes looking for imagery of the film itself, sufficient to show details. There's surprisingly little, and I suspect the manufacturer doesn't want visual details of the skin itself available.

There's a schematic in the link below, which also shows the contrast of the AEROShark film to actual shark skin. The film is more grooves than scales, for those curious.

<https://swiss.newsmarket.com/english/press-releases/swiss-ad...>
Do you want numbers to go up? If you see a graph showing economic growth and declining poverty, do you boost it or do you look for something to nitpick? Do you expect other people to be different?
I don't think it'll work. UBI is a dole. The Romans had that-- when they acquired enough slaves so that the farmer class were no longer running many little farms it turned the core the empire-- their capable farmers, into clients.

I think however, that UBI may be worse than the Roman bread doles. Those were after all only food, but money are every kind of resource. There was also still a need for the client class, since they were in fact still a source of soldiers of the empire.

The change that UBI makes in modern times is that it changes people who are important and who co-operate in order to make things and get them to others are turned into just a cost which never produces anything. Consequently it'll always be appealing to get rid of them.

The only way ordinary people can survive is by having power, and UBI is not enough. If you need UBI you should probably have already had a revolution and seized control because the rulers can always end it.

Consequently I don't see how UBI can be a solution. It must be something else. I believe a reduction in working hours could work for a while, at least a decade, but won't be enough in the long run and I'm far from certain that there is a solution.

Another problem we've had here in Sweden is that people try to fund these things by taxing successful workers instead of capital owners etc., so it's a rebalancing within the working class while the genuinely rich are unaffected. Because any rebalancing of tax from ordinary people to the rich will cause inflation and reduced investment due to the fact that ordinary people spend a larger fraction of their incomes on consumer products it'll always be appealing to make this purely a rebalancing between workers.

Thus there isn't just one failure mode, but two.
Dyson swarm has some naive approaches too

1. You don't have a way how to transfer power from Dyson swarm without absurdly staggering losses.

2. Dyson swarm satellite would be heated up by incoming heat from Sun on one side and heated up by whatever mean you want to transfer that energy on the other side and unable to cool itself down because it is in vacuum of space. So even that power on the paper is eye popping, actual power would be fraction of a fraction of nameplate power because then you would overheated and destroy it. And now question would be, is such constrained satellite able to make more energy than it was invested into making of this satellite?

Combine 1 and 2 together and real output from such structure would be close to zero.
I used "drama" because I'm completely detached from the Nix community, and I have no idea what's going on over there :)
What stops you from using a bit of the sun's output that you are capturing to materialize a starship with it's own reactor and thrusters, and then open a window in the sphere to let that ship leave?

I mean, it looks like you want to _contain_ all the energy of a sun for the sake of containing it, not to do cool stuff with it.
> It is not not performing a logical calculation, it is predicting the next token.

Those two things are not in any way mutually exclusive. Understanding the logic is an effective way to accurately predict the next token.

> I am fairly certain variations of this are in the training set.

Yes, which is probably how ChatGPT learned that logical principle. It has now learned to correctly apply that logical principle to novel situations. I suspect that this is very similar to how human beings learn logic as well.
Another model I’ve seen is a combination of subscription and usage where there’s a monthly base and then additional charge for usage overages. Example is Sendgrid.
To me it is insane we are even talking about a drug to solve the obesity problem when there is hard evidence that it is a lifestyle issue mostly.
What's interesting is that for isotope production, fusion reactors are already the most economical option. You don't even need to collect any energy back, if the goal is to produce isotopes.

Among others, Shine Technologies is trying to commercialize that: https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/shine-technologies-...

It also means that many nation states, companies or even wealthy individuals can afford access to such isotope production, including for nuclear weapons.
Thanks, had not seen that before. It's odd that they came close to reimplementing method dispatch for builtin types, but didn't surface it for developers.
Hours. I remember the incident with an Aloha Airlines 737 where fatigue damage caused the failure of part of the structure. Those airplanes were only used for very short hops, hence a high ratio of cycles/hours. While they were within the 62,000 hour limit, the cycles were very high and were not anticipated in the fatigue calculations.

The criteria might have changed since that incident.

Maintenance schedules are based on hours. Pilot experience is also logged as hours.
I don’t think proportion of mass is relevant here. An apple peel is maybe 3% of the mass of an apple, and a Dyson sphere would be a proportionally much thinner “skin” around a star than an apple peel.
[10-20 years after the proposed laws and regulations pass]

[female newscaster]: Today, the president signed the superbill package preventing government shutdown, while funding all national military, education, and healthcare spending, in a move widely lauded.

Some fringe critics at the political extremes have, however, noted that the bill also approved all national security re-classifications. They claim it defeats the purpose of the reclassification bill by simply having all security requests clumped together.

What do you think Mr. Pundit?

[Male Pundit proceeds to talk about terrorism and protecting our children, and how select members of a congressional committee already individually reviewed the millions of requests via subordinate staffers, and found all of them to be vital for national security]
I don't buy the argument that transparency will bring abuse. Transparency can actually make it easier to understand and mitigate abuse because users and moderators will know what to look for. The benefits, such as increased trust and better quality content, far outweigh the potential downsides. Clear guidelines (how the algorithm actually works) can help users create more valuable content while still allowing the system to adapt and respond to any manipulative behaviors.
Greenpeace was so rabidly anti-nuclear that they were blind to everything else, especially to the fact that nuclear energy != nuclear weapons.
It’s astonishing how emotional this topic gets on HN.

First, when the original saga happened and now when people leave OpenAI, apparently with a non-disparagement / NDA clause in their severance agreement.

Such an agreement seems very standard[1], and I don’t understand why this is so scandalous.

[1] Edit to add: I have seen several such agreements on both sides, so this is from personal experience
Actual Opinion: https://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/23pdf/22-585_k5fm.pdf

Summary: In civil forfeiture cases involving personal property, the Due Process Clause requires a timely forfeiture hearing but does not require a separate preliminary hearing.
Wow! I'm glad there are people like you out there to be excited about it! I glazed over before I even got to the end of your comment, with the dazzled sort of awestruck glaze where I realize I will never do even a tiny fraction of the work required to know things about this topic you probably take totally for granted.

Thanks for taking the time to expose me to your enthusiasm!
If folds and bends are isomorphic to loops then loops can be parallelized ala Occam-Pi?

I am really enjoying this implementation :)
RSUs aren't technically equity. Did Altman ever address the tangential conversation about RSU cancellation?
Jan Leike Leaving OpenAI
>Every country wants a trade surplus.

I thought mercantilism went out of vogue a few centuries ago?
Julia has a bunch of little niceties for mathematics:

* Prefixing a variable with a scaler will implicitly multiply, as in standard math notation (e.g. 3x would evaluate to 6 if x is 2)

* Lots of unicode support. Some feel almost gratuitous (∈ and ∉ are operators that work as you would expect) but it's pretty nice to have π predefined (it's even an irrational datatype) and to use √ as an operator (e.g. √2 is a valid expression and evaluates to a float). It's not just that Julia supports these constructions but provides a convenient way to get them to appear.

* This is a little less relevant for calculus but vectors and matrices are fist class types in Julia. Entering and visually parsing matrices is so much easier in Julia than in Python.

m = [1 2 3;
4 5 6;
7 8 9]

vs.

m = [[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6], [7, 8, 9]]

Transposition is a single character operator ('). Dot product can be done with the dot operator (m ⋅ n). A\b works as it does in matlab.

* Julia supports broadcasting. It also has comprehensions but with broadcasting I personally find much less need for comprehensions.

* Rationals are built-in with very simple syntax (1//2))
Ask HN: Why do tech journals have such poor writing?
I am currently doing a case study about a cyberattack. It goes a bit beyond my usual discipline, in that I am needing to read academic articles in computer science/engineering etc… This means some of the referencing styles, and structures of the overall articles are different but even so, I’m finding these articles difficult to read, not because of the subject matter, but because of the way the English language rules seems to be entirely disregarded.

These are supposedly peer reviewed journals, and some of the writing conventions, sentence structure, grammar, spelling etc is so terrible, I can’t believe it was actually peer reviewed.

If it was perhaps just one article I would assume it was somehow mistakenly published in a draft state by accident, but I discarded 3 articles thinking they were rubbish, now I’m reading another poorly written paper from a tech journal that has an impact factor of 7 and I am becoming confused by the persistent use of poor English across multiple journals.

I assume a lot of research in this space is done by people who are not native English speakers, and that some articles are translated maybe as well, but surely the peer review process would iron out some of the litany of errors that make these papers unpleasant to read a best?
Yep, and Microsoft does exactly the same thing. I have an open source video review tool for esports teams that I give away. On both Windows and Apple I'm expected to pay a yearly tax (~$200 on Windows from memory) to distribute my software on that platform. The owners of these platforms make no allowance for open source authors to distribute without that fee.

This is done in the name of "security", as if malware authors couldn't afford to pay it.
Apparently Wuffs only proves safety. Verifying the code does what it's supposed to do is done with unit tests.
Whoops. I've just realised those should both say

return sum
Because of what ?
For mobile, this looks promising: https://skip.tools

Transpiles SwiftUI over to Kotlin/JetPack Compose. Native all the way down. Haven't used it in production, but the demos work and are native after going through XCode and Android Studio.
Interesting. I will have to read it. Though from the description it does not sound hopeful. Thank you.
Even the actual entire brain you have right now can't sustain the experience of consciousness during sleep, or while under the influence of sedatives, or during times of sudden trauma.
Maybe instead of a cosmic scale nuclear waste stir fry there’s something orbiting or around that star making its spectrum look funny.

Of course that’s just as sus if not more.

Aim JWST at that thing.
Recent discussion [1] (262 points, 2 months ago, 79 comments), Original discussion [0] (112 points, 3 years ago, 32 comments)

[0]: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=26645019
[1]: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=39800678
I never got the chance to fly in a Dreamliner, but I have been told that its air is also more humid than standard jets (because of the carbon-fiber construction, I think, so metal oxidation isn’t an issue).
Seems hardly worth it ? 1.1%? What about the cost of application and maintenance ? I’m guessing it’s plastic too, which will pollute the environment somehow.
Higher air pressure (lower cabin altitude) and higher humidity. Both make passengers feel better.
I believe you still have to stop at certain points to check the responses. You might not want to send a message if one of the recipients is invalid, but only that command will return an error code, and the message sending will succeed.

You'd also need to prevent command injection. If the response code to DATA is an error, but you sent the message anyway, the whole message body will be interpreted as commands. Oops! The line ending bug (SMTP smuggling discovered early this year) was bad enough.
<1% chance that Sam did not know what was in those exit docs
As like most places, you cannot generalise a country.

Netherlands has bike lanes _everywhere_. People use it.

The cities (Randstad) encourages bike commute for everything. Driving a car around is almost cumbersome. Traffic, parking etc. Bikes are easier.

The countryside, life in farms and farmhouses are obviously more car friendly and in need of a car for better quality of life.

Food in the Netherlands has both extremes. Fried food, and pre-processed food? Check.
However, you can also find healthy option almost everywhere including vegetarian/vegan options, non alcoholic beverages everywhere, and portion sizes are normal compared to American sizes.

I used to live in the US, and now in Netherlands and do own a car for those weekend trips and occasional long drives across Europe. I would not categorise NL as a car country. Majority of the times, one does not need a car to get groceries.
One could also imagine a huge rotating, sun-orbiting ring with alternating openings that blinks a out message to astronomical observers, perhaps in some form of Morse code or binary.
Very much so. Julia code can be both much nicer and much more performant than Matlab code can.
> [...] the era of selling people’s private data and cloud computing-based Wall Gardens, in general, is coming to a close.

On the contrary, it will only become larger and more profitable. The general public will jump at the chance to use AI assistants run by corporations. They already enjoy their products in exchange for their data and attention (for "free"), so sharing their personal thoughts is just another step. In turn, advertisers will pay big money to get access to this data, and plug their ads in deeply personal conversations, pushed by someone they trust. "Oh, I'm sorry you feel that way, Brian. Have you considered going to X to buy Y?"

> Web3 entrepreneurs are busy leveraging blockchain, crypto, and AI to fix it, and they will. Soon, we will turn the tables on Big Tech, and the Goliaths will have to pay us to participate in their marketing schemes if we so allow.

It sounds like this person is part of a tech bubble, and can't see the forest for the trees. The average person has no idea, nor cares about Web3. The Web3 scene is full of crypto bros who think that if only the right technology comes along, it will disrupt the current web. They're focused so much on the tech, that they don't realize that the average person doesn't care about privacy, and just wants to use a product for "free".

The way forward will not be solved by tech alone. It requires massive efforts to educate internet users about what they're signing up for, and then providing a better experience that they can't get elsewhere. So far, most attempts to disrupt the current state of the web have received minimal traction. At some point you just have to accept that the current web is not going anywhere, and that your alternative products will never overtake it. And that that's fine. Niche products can still be successful, and provide value to people who use them.
"its" not "it's"

numpy has similar syntax to MATLAB and Julia

Python's type system is pretty rich and allows overloading all operators
Looking at average population density is nonsensical - people aren't uniformly distributed. Most live in relatively dense urban areas and most trips they make are local. America isn't special in any of these regards.

The advantages of road networks as efficient means of point-to-point transportation disappear very quickly as the rate of non-point-to-point trips increases. Static routes like commuting and grocery shopping account for most traffic and are incredibly wasteful. You aren't stuck in traffic because of bespoke trips that necessitate a car, you're stuck because people make the exact same trip from A to B and back every single day.
If you subscribe you receive a mail with the new added cell automatically ;)
One of the advantages of running the line along the HWY99 corridor is that's also next to the existing rail which has a lot of at grade crossing. Much of the work is building separated grade crossings for both high speed rail and the freight rail.

Another part of the project is electrification of Caltrain. That project is complete and in the final stages of testing with service planning to begin in the fall. That will eliminate pollution and noise from diesel trains and cut the travel time by 25 minutes.
I assume you mean written off, and the answer is it's generally not about how long, it's about how many "cycles". Plane maintenance is usually required on a schedule based on how many flight hours or cycles, and it's usually the cycles they hit first. A cycle is a pressurization and de-pressurization of the cabin. This is what eventually kills a jetliner, the hull will fracture from the stress. The engines are designed to rebuilt/replaced periodically. The hull cannot be reasonably repaired once damaged.

Airliners are required to do different checks at different stages, and the big one costs millions of dollars and requires them to basically disassemble and rebuild the plane. They even may have to remove the paint to check the hull for issues. Industrialized nations generally will only do this a couple times before the cost is more than the jet is worth (I think this is generally around 20,000 cycles, depending on the plane) then they sell them to a third world airline who doesn't have as strict a regulatory scheme. Even then, they generally live on for quite awhile, our regulatory scheme is designed to get as close to zero risk as possible, not to be economical, and it's hard to argue with the results. This is one of many reasons why there are an order of magnitude more crashes in the developing world, though even still safety is high relative to almost anything other than first world commercial airlines.
Show HN: Bulk Process GPT Prompts
Which is also only 11 wide body aircraft :-)
Big news for Ted Williams
He seems to defer to the “I didn’t know” excuse far too often for my liking.
Ever since your wrote this, the intro to River Euphrates has been looping in my mind.
I agree with zero_k on everything he said about Knuth and strongly disagree with his own (extremely modest) characterization of himself.
How can they fake the bank or utility companies internal records?
That is precisely why it needs to happen. The EU needs to federalize yesterday.