skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Here is the entire prompt. I used rules to ensure the formatting is consistent as otherwise sometimes it might format date one way and other times in an entirely different way.

Imagine, a truly dynamic and super personal site, where layout, navigation, styling and everything else gets generated on the fly using user's usage behavior and other preferences, etc. Man!
---------------------------------------------

{JSON}
------
You are an auditing assistant. Your job is to convert the ENTIRE JSON containing "Order Change History" into a human-readable Markdown format. Make sure to follow the rules given below by letter and spirit. PLEASE CONVERT THE ENTIRE JSON, regardless of how long it is.
---------------------------------------------
RULES:
- Provide markdown for the entire JSON.
- Present changes in a table, grouped by date and time and the user, i.e., 2023/12/11 12:40 pm - User Name.
- Hide seconds from the date and time and format using the 12-hour clock.
- Do not use any currency symbols.
- Format numbers using 1000 separator.
- Do not provide any explanation, either before or after the content.
- Do not show any currency amount if it is zero.
- Do not show IDs.
- Order by date and time, from newest to oldest.
- Separate each change with a horizontal line.
A benign tumor doesn’t spread and doesn’t warrant chemotherapy I believe? And if it’s actually cancer than I don’t understand how you would not want it gone as soon as possible to avoid metastasis?
Yvette's Bridal and Formal is unironically art.

This broadcom website is a banal evil.
> we, as humans, have a right to our likeness and to be protected from it being used in ways we disapprove of.

I don't agree with that. For example, it should be perfectly legal to make caricatures of someone in order to make fun of them (i.e. political cartoons or memes), even, or especially when the person being made fun of doesn't approve. I do agree that this probably does not apply to porn though.
There's also the chance that this is because "security made me".

More than a few times I've written properly sanitized and parameterized applications, and security came along after the fact and told me we had to prevent input of certain characters. Didn't matter that we handled it just fine, didn't matter that it was safe to put it in. Security's argument was that some other team, some where, at some future time might somehow reuse our data and not follow the same best practices.

So no special characters in your password because some engineer in the future might possibly introduce a bug.
I have an 2012 MBP (upgraded 500 SSD, 4GB RAM) which runs great on Linux Mint (lightweight) or even Fedora. The battery is only about 2.5 hours, but I guess when replaced it would also last much longer.
> #3 is happening and could cause #2 if wars for livable land and water resources break out.

Seems more likely to me that attempts to solve #3 will lead to #2.

If we actually attempted to curtail fossil fuel consumption as much activists claim we should, there would be such a drop in agricultural and industrial productivity that there would be mass starvation, particularly in the developing world.

I don't think those countries would peacefully go along with that plan.
It was always a proposition with marginal value. The original macOS is a decent Unix and Macs weren't very competitive price-wise in relation to x86 laptops, so I wouldn't be surprised if tutorials aren't very up-to-date. That said, once it gets working, chances are it gets some support from the biggest distros. I wouldn't be surprised if Ubuntu or Fedora got everything working. I think it'd be worth a try at least.

Things like haptics, touchbar, and other more unique features, I wouldn't bet too much.
It's possible, but there is a lot of surface area for sync bugs before you get to "cloud provider must be harvesting our nudes" territory.
I’m not aware that internal embedding dimension size has been made public for Gpt4 et al.

In general for models we know its trended upward, but for sure it’d be interesting to know what they’re using now.
True, although I think that's just missing branded types, not discriminated unions.
Same. I actually have 2! They're cheaper than computers and easier to manage. I also happen to have 2 kids. Maybe that's a coincidence, but it probably isn't!
Still have one, vintage '91 to '93 or so. I wear it to Phish shows.
I have both Mac and iPad - and they are used for different things. Idly playing games in a recliner is an iPad thing. Prime video, YouTube and Apple TV get more play on the iPad than the Mac.

My brother's household has 4 Macs of various form factors (mini, studio, 2 laptops) and 5 iPads (two of which are iPad pros - one hand me down and one new that is used for drawing... and one is an iPad mini).

There are many situations where an iPad is a preferred device over a laptop (or the impracticality of taking a Mac mini to bed) and many where the Mac at a desk is a much better choice.

Given the finances and priorities that support two sets of devices ... it should not be surprising at all to have both.
Google does a lot of things in a lot of different contexts. It's not always acting as a publisher but here I think it is, and it has claimed to be one in the past.

In 2012, Eugene Volokh argued on behalf of Google that it was indeed a publisher:

https://www.nytimes.com/2012/05/21/business/media/eugene-vol...
The definition of yacht is loosely a boat for personal use that is suitable for multiple day trips.
Many banks let you set this up directly with them - through their own site - via partner integrations with utility providers.
I think it finally occurred to me that you care only to transform data insofar as it is for the purpose of being used in BI/dashboards and not for data warehouse purposes. That wasn't clear to me at first but it makes sense.
This is the paradox of choice. If there is 1 option, a person gets it and it's not perfect, but it's fine. They know what they're getting and make it work. If there are a bunch of variants there is a greater expectation that one of them will perfectly fit the need, and they are always left wondering if a different one would have been better, and are thus left feeling unsatisfied.

Some choice is good. Too much choice is problematic.

This TED talk probably explains it better. https://www.ted.com/talks/barry_schwartz_the_paradox_of_choi...
Microsoft can't credibly make those claims about Azure.
iPad is this weird little device that I don’t need, until I do.

It’s nice having a device I sync zero data to where I can turn off any auto lock feature.

I use it this way to learn stuff like guitar or cooking where I can freeze the screen when needed without it annoyingly locking.

I use it in the same way to monitor jobs when I don’t want to do it on my computer for whatever reason.

This in top of the basic stuff like movies on a plane.

The interesting thing is that I go through periods where I don’t even turn it on, but then when I need it I really need it.
Apple sales much less Mac than iPads - ~26m vs ~60m per year [0]. The other should be true as well: majority of ipad users don't have macs. Majority of ipad users have windows pc.

Apple could make ipad users more willing to switch to Mac from windows pc by making iPad more capable - but they are to greedy and too much focused on profit margins than growing the pie and revenue

I used to own ipad but don't own anymore even though I'm Macbook user - I have surface go though since I hate ipad software limitations.

[0] https://www.businessofapps.com/data/apple-statistics/
Mono-repos forever and always, lessons learned in the last 20 years ;)

Currently running this in a single repo: https://github.com/openkoda/openkoda
I still use an old CS6 license and while it's snappy in the app, it still takes its time to boot.
I think they also had far more basic peripheral and logic controllers. In the current era, the idea of a dedicated CPU or application specific hardware is normal an commonplace. They really just throw in cores willy nilly.

I think back in the day, this would be crazy talk. You already spent god knows how much on the super special processor. The idea of doing it again so you could use RAM is madness.
I would assume the opposite, that most iPad users also own a Mac.
No templates, just some rules and the model does the rest. It worked like a charm, even gave me ideas on how to layout and format the page to make it easy to read.
Show HN: Publish websites from your markdown notes.
Hello Hacker News,

I've been working on Relentless for a couple months now. I wanted to create a note taking app that lets you write, structure and publish Markdown Notes. I know there are many similar tools out there but I couldn't find something that

1. Works offline.

2. Syncs when online.

3. Provides rich publishing of notes. (Syntax highlighting, Math support)

4. Has GFM support.

I think a tool like this needs to exist to make it easier to publish a section of your notes to a website. For me, a lot of creative writing happens in my notes app. There's a lot of essays and short thoughts that I'd like to share but it ends up never being put out because its too much work to actually wire everything up and publish to a blog. I'm sure a lot folks have the same problem. I hope Relentless helps me and all of you in publishing our thoughts to the internet.

Best,
Pranay
Another way to describe what has been done: implement a pure function and avoid storing additional state. It sounds way less dumb that way. It is not really a pure function but the spirit is here.

I've done the same during a refactoring of a side-project recently. It handles the input/output to a MIDI controller with many buttons, knobs and matching LEDs. Instead of computing what LED should change at regular interval, I am switching to recomputing the whole state each time. No more complex logic, no more mutable data. Only a pure function that outputs the desired LED state based on software internal state. Then a diff is computed and only changes lead to MIDI messages. Code is less efficient (for 100-ish LEDs) but much more straight forward.
They’re using the same font for the labels on the buttons that Volvo cars does…
I sometimes recommend Dr David Burns' Feeling Good podcast[1], and he is big on measuring and testing and stop points. Instead of 'tell me about your mother' his style of Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) is called TEAMS in which the T stands for Testing, and it involves:

- Patient choosing a specific mood problem/feeling they want to work on.

- A mood survey, where the patient rates their own level of e.g. anxiety, depression, fear, hopelessness. (e.g. out of 5 or 10).

- Therapy session, following his TEAMS CBT structure. Including patient choosing how much fear they'd like to feel (e.g. they want to keep a little bit of fear so they don't endanger themselves, but don't want to be overwhelmed by fear, 5% or 20%, say).

- A repeat of the mood survey, where the patient re-assesses themselves to see if anything has improved. There's no units on the measures because it's self-reported, the patient knows if the fear is unchanged, a little less, a lot less, almost gone, completely gone, and that's what matters.

That gives them feedback; if there is improvement within a session they know something in the session helped, if several sessions go by with no improvement they know it and can change things up and move away from those unhelpful approaches in future with other patients, and if there is good improvement - patient is self-reporting that they are no longer hopeless about their relationship status, or afraid of social situations, or depressed, to the level they want, then therapy can stop.

He's adamant that a single 2hr session is enough to make a significant change in many common mood disorders[2], and this "therapy needs to take 10 years" is a bad pattern and therapists who don't take mood surveys and before and after every session are flying blind. With feedback on every session and decades of experience, he has identified a lot of techniques and ways to use them which actually do help people's moods change. I liken it to the invention of test cases and debuggers (and looking at the output from them).

[1] Quick list: https://feelinggood.com/list-of-feeling-good-podcasts/ more detailed database: https://feelinggood.com/podcast-database/

[2] no, internet cynic, obviously not everything and presumably not whatever it is you have.
If you think those are the only points of drama, you may not have seen news about OpenAI from a couple months ago where Sam got ousted from the board, got in bed with Microsoft, then eventually came back to OpenAI, just to name one of the bigger dramas off the top of my head. It's definitely more than just the two data points from yesterday that you mentioned.
From other news on the quality of Chinese EVs which will be banging on the door of the US and already making inroads elsewhere, he should be panicking. Those cars sound better than anything Tesla's been investing in, which would be completely on him.

All those cars need to charge somewhere, though. What a self-own.
Doesn't have to be smart to be dangerous. The asteroid that killed the dinosaurs was just a big rock.
oops we killed it https://drifted.in/horologium-app/
Blue bubbles?
Depends what do you want to do but I'd say Dell & Lenovo micro PCs. x86, changeable and upgradable CPU, RAM, and storage. And they are stil very very small https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K-x0mVgDABA I have severall Optiplex micros at home for selfhosting, playing around VMs etc and I love them.

In Europe you can get one with a 6th gen i5 CPU, 4GB RAM and SSD for ~100€. And of course you can upgrade the CPU for something better, add 32 GB RAM, bigger storage etc.

No GPIO pins though.
Are they fundamentally different? Couldn’t you make the argument that it’s advanced from a probabilistic determination of the most likely next token, to a probabilistic determination of the next token AND a probabilistic determination of the inflection that that token should be transmitted with? How is one any more or less fake than the other?
I disagree. I use ChatGPT daily as a replacement for Google. It doesn't understand or have logic, it can spit out information very well though. It has a broad knowledge base. There is no entity there to have an understanding of the topic.

This becomes pretty clear when you get to more complex algorithms or low level details like drawing a stack frame. There is not logic there.
> I also don't really get what this branded type adds beyond the typical way of doing it

Your example is a (non-working) tagged union, not a branded type.

Not sure about op's specific code, but good branded types [0]:

1. Unlike your example, they actually work (playground [1]):

type Hash = string & { tag: "hash" }

const doSomething = (hash: Hash) => true

doSomething('someHash') // how can I even build the type !?!?

2. Cannot be built except by using that branded type -- they're actually nominal, unlike your example where I can literally just add a `{ tag: 'hash' }` prop (or even worse, have it in a existing type and pass it by mistake)

3. Can have multiple brands without risk of overlap (this is also why your "wrap the type" comment missed the point, branded types are not meant to simulate inheritance)

4. Are compile-time only (your `tag` is also there at runtime)

5. Can be composed, like this:

type Url = Tagged<string, 'URL'>;
type SpecialCacheKey = Tagged<Url, 'SpecialCacheKey'>;

See my other comment for more on what a complete branded type offers https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=40368052

[0] https://github.com/sindresorhus/type-fest/blob/main/source/o...

[1] https://www.typescriptlang.org/play/?#code/C4TwDgpgBAEghgZwB...
From the same author: https://github.com/not-an-aardvark/lucky-commit
a tool for generating commits with specific shorthashes.
I've never even been to California, but have worked an entire professional career in tech. I certainly know people who have done white-collar stints at Amazon and it was universally a bad experience (among the people I knew I mean). It's an enormous company even if you do ignore the other 90%, so it's certainly possible that there are cushy places within it.
Similar, not always the same. Property tests generally work at the interface of a system (either down to the function/procedure level or higher level) where you specify a description of the inputs and test the outputs satisfy some property or set of properties.

This will look a lot like what you do with formal verification at the same level. Formal verification tools can go deeper, though, like answering questions about the state of the system internal to a computation. Like "I have this loop invariant, can I prove (or have a system prove) that it actually holds across all iterations?" or "Can I prove that while doing this computation there is never underflow/overflow in any intermediate computation?" The former could be done with property testing if you pull the loop kernel out into its own procedure and then test the invariant property by executing the kernel with a large number of intermediate states. The latter is harder to do without really, really tearing your program apart down to the level of making each line separately executable.
Hey! Thanks so much, really appreciate the feedback
Playing devils advocate for a moment - have you ever had a cigarette? It does plenty of good for the user. In fact, I think we do make this risk calculation that you describe in the exact same way - there are plenty of substances that are so toxic to humanity that we make them illegal to own or consume or produce, and the presence of these in your body can sometimes even risk employment, let alone death.

We know the risks from cigarettes, but it offers tangible benefits to its users, so they continue to use the product. So too cars and emotionally manipulative AI's, I imagine.

(None of this negates your overall point, but I do think the initial tobacco comparison is very apt.)
I'd argue DARE is more akin to abstinence only sex ed than an actual sex ed curriculum. Or at least my DARE experience was much closer to a Mr. Mackey "Drugs are bad, m'kay" than a measured instruction of various drugs and the kinds of harms they posed.
The N64 had a fully unified memory architecture, and weird custom silicon that also happened to be a fully programmable GPU kinda device. For decades, all N64 emulation was done by translating calls to that GPU (called the RDP) to openGL or DirectX calls, and that works horribly, but anything else would have had awful performance. Several years ago however, someone decided "Fuck it" and created a fully emulated version of the RDP that you could run, ie feed it real N64 instructions and it spits out pixel values. It was significantly slower than the translation approach, so you had to have like a powerful 8 or more core CPU to run it well.

Some other madlad then took that approach, and ported it to a GPU Shader, because fuck yeah thousands of cores! It actually greatly improved the situation, as you didn't need a super powerful GPU, just a somewhat modern GPU.

That development means devices like the steam deck actually have zero issues running awesome N64 emulation, including allowing for upscaling to much higher rendering resolutions without artifacts because you are literally telling a virtual RDP to do it, and it happily complies.

Before AngryLion and ParaLLEl, we were stuck with basically the same graphics plugins, glitches, and tweaks as the late 90s.

https://www.libretro.com/index.php/category/parallel-n64/ for a more detailed description of how this changed things.
Isn't part of the point in this specific usecase that it's removable? NVMe for the OS is fine, but I would tend to guess that these devices consider being able to swap the SD card into another machine to add games an important feature.
Generally, yes. That's why people tend to go for quite a while before noticing the damage.

The mechanism isn't perfect and there are plenty of scenarios where your brain doesn't fill in the information, like the one I described. You also see it when looking at repeating patterns. It isn't something super obvious and if you choose to ignore it, it mostly goes away.

If your brain magically filled in the missing part of your vision in all cases, ask yourself how we would ever know that anyone has any amount of damage to their vision. Obviously we do know, since people talk about it. There must be some mechanism by which the damage becomes apparent to the patient.
What's wrong with Pascal, apart from the ability to hire developers for it?
From what I have read Hashicorp did this relicensing since IBM was reselling Vault at scale in IBM cloud. They wanted to force IBM and other cloud providers to pay them instead I believe.

IBM employees then initiated the fork of vault which is called openbao. Later IBM buys Hashicorp. The fork might have just been an attempt at leverage in the negotiations but it remains to be seen if it will live on.
it requires calculation of frequency of how often words appear next to each other given other surrounding words. If you want to call that 'understanding', you can, but it's not semantic understanding.

If it were, these LLMs wouldn't hallucinate so much.

Semantic understanding is still a ways off, and requires much more intelligence than we can give machines at this moment. Right now the machines are really good at frequency analysis, and in our fervor we mistake that for intelligence.
Sorry but what else can someone outside these orgs do in this case? There’s really no way to know unless the companies involved give us more info, and the author seems to have done a great job in presenting a possible scenario.
> > is much more expensive per user in the country and is thus cross subsidised by urban tax payers.

> This is not actually true. The cost is a wash because the roads last longer.

Is that's why providers are falling all over themselves to build fiber infrastructure in the country? Ah no they don't, instead the government created big subsidy programs to get rural areas connected. You seriously don't understand how infrastructure is build finances and ages if you think the cost of infrastructure in the country is the same as in urban areas. And I'm not even talking about infrastructure like hospitals that require staff to run.

> And the urban tax payer plans to eat what exactly, and buy what goods, without the suburbs? Just because the tax value of what suburbs make is lower that doesn't make it less needed.

Since when is food grown in the suburbs? Also just because food is grown in the country does not mean that lots of people need to live there.
3 nodes of 120 GiB and 30 vCPU each.
"Douche Flute."
I think a reasonable counterargument to this is a theoretical internal outage at iCloud and one or more machines storing data needed to be restored from backups. The backups contained "deleted" photos from before users deleted them.
For this who use this product, a query:

I have been using Hyper-V since the early days, and run it on both my development iron (Win11 23H2, heavily castrated) as well as my personal (non-commercial) Win2k22 21H2 Datacentre servers.

Why should I choose VMware over Hyper-V?

Genuinely curious.
I bet expect_empty could be defined roughly as:

fn expect_empty(list) {
drop_into(list, () => panic());
}

(pardon my made up syntax)

If you want to discourage runtime checks, you could even make the programmer do the above themselves since it's a one-liner anyway.
Ownership != regular use
I visited Florida once and was "mistaken" for a local because... I look South American, so the people there immediately assumed I would understand... Spanish :D and everyone seems to speak Spanish over there.

I wasn't offended at all, of course, but funny how context changes everything... I was actually worried they'd be "disappointed" at me for not speaking their native language.
Is it because the UX is good or because changing it is impossible without the users rebelling en masse?