skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
I'm not sure I'd limit it to FSD. The CyberTruck has several very glaring flaws that would not have happened had someone at Tesla talked Elon into accepting just a bit of conventional wisdom from the automotive industry. Things like "provide a protective layer of paint over the sheetmetal of the vehicle's body to prevent rust."

The new Tesla Roadster and Semis for commercial customers are either way off their timetable or facing further production problems.

Fit and finish on some models remains subpar.

I don't think it's enough to sink the company in the near-term, particularly in the US, but it's proof that charisma and vision doesn't solve issues with industrial capacity.
> The cause is that CSV is popular and is popular because it is incompletely defined. (See also: HTML, RSS.)

This is a surprisingly deep thought. I'm going to need a couple of days to reflect on this...
Yep, as long as you use "--no-ff" to force a merge commit (and presumably edit the merge commit message instead of just using the default).

For viewing history you can use "git log --first-parent" to view only those merge commits, which should satisfy the people who love a linear history, without actually losing the intermediate commits.
Interesting. Though this is from two years ago, I imagine it would seem different today.

In some sense the fact that so many don't vote is a kind of solidarity with other Palestinians, though I think a misguided one.
https://archive.is/fkmCq
It reminds me there is still so much to explore, although the threshold for exploring is so high.

For context, I mean in comparison to earth. Consider that only 500+ years ago civilizations were discovering new land masses with unique flora and fauna. Discoveries that fundamentally changed the entire world as they knew out. Those sorts of discoveries are gone and that's rather depressing.

But that is virtually nothing compared to the wonders out there in space. Unfortunately much of it is destined to be barren, unlike earth, and travel is kind of an unsolvable problem at the moment and perhaps forever. But the potential is unfathomable.
Just getting HTML working would be mind-blowing on a Windows 1.0 machine, assuming you were running the typical hardware of the time.

From what I can tell, the 80286 was still a server-grade CPU in 1985, and most PCs were still running an 8086 or 8088, which maxed out at 1 MB of RAM. Just the HTML for the Wikipedia article on the 8086 [0] is nearly 224 kilobytes, nearly 1/4 of the RAM available.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intel_8086
It will do a sample, so usually much less than a table scan, but it can definitely take longer than for Parquet.
Thank you.

Great question - you have touched on the key difference between a labeling scheme and an encoding scheme for tree data structures.

As mentioned previously, the tree is an abstract data type, that is to say, a conceptual model that defines the nodes in a tree, and their relationships.

To be able to evaluate a expression that processes a tree, one needs a labeling scheme. The purpose of a labeling scheme is to assign unique labels to each node in the tree and these labels must facilitate node ordering, and often (but not always) a labeling scheme will permit the reconstruction of the tree structure.

However, no labeling scheme captures the node type, names or the content stored at the nodes. For that we need an encoding scheme. An encoding scheme is constructed upon a labeling scheme and augments it with the information necessary to fully represent the tree in a table-like data structure. In answer to your question, it also permits the full transformation from the table representation to the original tree structure.

Thus, it sounds like what you are looking for is an encoding scheme.

There are many different labeling schemes out there for tree structure data, and virtually all of them can be augmented with additional information to construct a complete encoding scheme. Concerning documented solutions - I have not been active in this space for a number of years, so off the bat - I don't have a recommended documented solution to point you too.

But to help, I will put a link to my PhD thesis [1] which gives a more in-depth understanding of labeling schemes and encoding schemes for tree structured data with an example of a simple implementation of an encoding scheme enabling the full transformation from the table representation to the original tree structure (pages 5-9) and a survey of the advantages and disadvantages of existing labeling schemes concerning their usefulness to be part of an encoding scheme you could use in your solution (see chapter 2)

Caveat 1: My thesis was written in the context of updating dynamic (XML) trees but it addresses the transformation between tree and table data structures.

Caveat 2: The thesis was written 11 years ago, but every now and then I have kept in touch with the latest developments in the area, and to my knowledge, there have been no major developments since.

I hope it helps.

[1]: https://doras.dcu.ie/19316/
I'm disappointed that the names aren't released already, but I'm glad that something's being done. Greenwashing is wildly annoying and always takes ages to investigate properly.
There are times when I'm out and about I can run a speed-test and I'll get 800 Mbps on 5G. But if I didn't run the test I'd neither know nor care.
I think a micro-kernel architecture would be better in many ways, security being just one of them. With GCC, it couldn't really be separated into logically distinct modules any more than it already is. All of the constituent parts essentially use the full functionality of the base compiler part, so there is little to be gained separating them. It's not as if the C compiler from GCC, could for instance, be written in such a way that it doesn't depend on GCC. GLibc is a large implementation, but the library itself doesn't necessarily need to be large. There are some very small libcs out there.

On the whole, I do not like monolithic software projects, but I can accept that they are necessary or beneficial in some cases. Systemd is simply a much bigger target than these other things because it is an especially bad example. It has many components which are only tentatively connected. It is also more fixable. Alternate init systems are used much more widely than something like Hurd to replace Linux. The laptop I'm typing this from runs GuixSD which ships without Systemd and I can hardly notice the difference. I doubt a different kernel architecture would provide such a seamless experience.
Bare chips are and have always been measured in bits

Even when you buy DRAM modules, the data sheets for the chips that are on it will cite capacities in bits.

The meaning of the 'b' in 'Gb' or 'GB' is case sensitive.
You are on the spot, it's almost impossible to lay somebody off who is like 50 y/o and has kids + has been with the company for quite a while.

Generally, workers rights here in Germany are quite good so as an employee life tends to be quite comfortable since you don't have to fear termination the moment the company isn't doing exceptionally well.
War Zone Surveillance Technology Is Hitting American Streets
An Ansible playbook is usually the main entrypoint, it consists of a list of plays. Each play has hosts and a list of tasks to run at them.

Because people wanted to reuse their code, the abstraction of roles was created. A role is something like „setup basic OS stuff“, „create this list of users“, „setup a Webserver“, „setup a database“. The association, which roles to run on which machine still happens in the playbook.
Oderint dum impotentes
Intel Russia reports zero revenue in 2023 – now only one employee remains
I’m not up to date on Russian business culture I admit. Outside of hearing about how you can pay off the police to avoid other protection schemes.

Can you give me an example of a prominent Russia based businessperson who is regularly at odds with the Kremlin?

The US has a few examples of billionaires who decide to take on the White House, sometimes even capturing it for themselves.
Illuminating Antiaromaticity
Full-Chain Membership Proofs (FCMP) – The Next Generation of Monero's Privacy
Yea, not sure i disagree with anything being said here. Though to me, transpiler just typically means it goes from one language i could write, to another i could write. I don't necessarily expect to enjoy reading or perhaps even understanding the JavaScript output from any lang that builds to JS, for example.
I've observed this sort of behavior frequently, is there a name for this phenomenon yet?

Something like "Assuming all concepts are universal to one's own peculiar definition"

Maybe "semantic egocentrism" could fit the bill?
Nestle Formula: Marketing vs. Breastfeeding
Oakland Hosts First Large-Scale Commercial Hydrogen Truck Stop
> The boss of Vastaamo, Ville Tapio, was also convicted of failing to protect his customers' sensitive data.

> Investigations found that the databases were vulnerable and open to the internet without proper protections.

> He was given a suspended three-month prison sentence last year.

> The company which was once a highly regarded and successful business in Finland collapsed after the hack.

Copy and pasted from the article.
I think the parent poster stated it pretty clearly: the problem they're trying to solve is how to keep the stock price floating at a multiple of what the business's actual fundamentals suggest it should be.

The problem is, while that worked well for a good 10 or 20 years, it seems that people are now starting to catch on to the scheme. But I'm not sure that means that you can just stop doing it. As someone elsewhere in the thread pointed out, dragging things out as much as you can is probably preferable to a sudden and brutal value correction for just about everyone with actual skin in the game.
Fantastic! we need a ruthless superpower to combat this nonsense
> They may temporarily cash their good name for profit but what are they going to do when consumers catch on.

The folks who gobble these companies up and streamline them for maximum profit don't care about the future. They only want to maximize the immediate value of their stake and cash out. The same dance keeps playing out.

Plus, if you inherit a perfectly functional Kitchen-aide stand mixer from Mema how are they ever going to sell more stand mixers which was the conclusion of the folks who bought Instapot and realized after the hype cycle died you just don't have a large recurring Instapot purchase market.
That would make sense if the initial reasoning wasn't that it violated the constitution. Neither executive orders nor laws can violate the constitution.
Semi has specific use cases where it's great, it's not necessarily economic for all use cases as of today though
Why did you choose to roll your own modules rather than do what's described in the comment you replied to, i.e. provide a Python layer for interacting with the rich set of available Ansible modules?

Not trying to be rude ofc, I'm sure you considered it and have a good reason – just curious as of what it is. An incredible project you put there, nonetheless:)
I agree it's a bit of a pipe dream. I'm more thinking of performance here, e.g. web services using Django. You could start off in dynamic/interpreted land and have a seamless transition to performant compiled land. Also lets you avoid premature optimisation since you can only optimise the hot paths.

Also types are self documenting to an extent. Could be helpful for a shared codebase. Again Python just now getting round to adding type definitions.

At the end of the day good tooling/ecosystem and sheer developer hours is more important than what I'm suggesting but it would be nice anyway. I dream about cool programming languages but I stick to boring for work.
HN discussion [0] (59 points, 4 days ago, 61 comments)

[0]: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=40172784
If you’re not going to go into the specifics of why then this is FUD. I’m calling it out because this FUD has been widespread across multiple discussion communities including this one.

Tropic Haze (Yuzu) didn’t settle because all they were doing is writing an emulator. As others have pointed out, Nintendo had very strong reason to believe the Yuzu devs were engaged in outright and flagrant piracy. Among the allegations in Nintendo’s filing was that the devs (who publicly bragged about launch day support for new releases) were contributing the compatibility patches for new games prior to release.

Further, Tropic Haze didn’t lose the lawsuit in the sense that they went to court and had a judgement against them. They likely knew they were cooked and chose to settle.

For more on the legality of emulation in the US, review Sony vs Connectix.
Submission notes:

The submission was earlier titled: Arc Browser for Windows 1.0, now generally available which is confusing as you can see in the comment thread.

It's the 1.0 release of Arc Browser for Windows.
FSD is currently using neural-network style AI, and it's frankly amazing to use and watch and is massively useful.
Not when they get lost.
Under Finnish law he isn’t - his prior crimes were a long time ago (caught anyway), and largely afaict while he was a kid. Most countries don’t treat children as adults, and in many - as here - crimes committed as a child get cleared.

I get that if you’re used to the US criminal justice system you believe the goal is to punish people as long as possible - with a side order of slave labor and electoral disenfranchisement - but all of the statistics show that that policy has worse outcomes across the board. It has higher costs, higher rates of recidivism, and lower trust in the judicial system - which encourages an us vs them mentality that further increases crime rates. Not to mention that if a child spends a decade in prison they’re coming out the other end with little to know ability to earn a non-crime living afterwards.
Indeed. The issue is that of precision. I think it will never be possible to write nontrivial programs by describing them in anything like a conversational human language. I think this is true even if LLMs achieve some sort of godlike intelligence.

The problem is that human languages aren't intended to communicate that sort of precision. That's one of the largest reasons why very specialized technical professions (medicine, engineering, legal, etc.) heavily employ specialized jargon. It's necessary in order to make up for the deficiencies of natural human languages for these sorts of things.

In order to create a program, very high precision of descriptions are required. Programming languages can be viewed as a variety of such jargon. If you're doing it with (say) English, you'll always have to use it in a way that makes it no longer "conversational English".
I haven't gotten to this myself, but there's also UnderTheWire[0], which focuses on PowerShell.

[0] https://underthewire.tech
OpenTofu is already diverging from upstream but is relying on upstream providers so I'm not sure how to feel about it.
I bought an Analogue Pocket last November and already the buttons on the front are starting to wear out. The D-pad sometimes doesn't register a click and other times registers two clicks.

Nice device, but for $290 it should last longer IMHO.
I'd say the Gateway also does load balancing, actively checks if the target is still online. And possibly works seemless together with other Gateways, for example for rate limiting you might need several nodes to combine their metrics.

We use Kong open source gateway. Anything they had in version 0.9 was sufficient for our use case but they're a VC funded company so they keep adding more features, especially enterprise features (ignore the AI stuff in the latest version). Configuration can now be in a database, or in files, or updated via an API.
It's the same thing though - nobody is forced to accept their changes, you can fork at any time. Or stop using it, keep using gtk2, etc.
GAI Raspberry Pi cat detection and notification
No protection from bottom trawling for seamount chain in northern Pacific
I'd always take the old POSIX stuff over whatever gets bought by IBM next year.
Natural Number Game in Lean
cdktf is fantastic
> Bizarre take.

Bizarre in what way? If compilers are somehow different, then they mustn't target systems, as that's what your previous comment says transpilers do. Which leaves even your own classical definition to be contradictory, if they are somehow different. What does that leave?

> Yes.

But it seems you do not consider them different, which was the divergent path in the previous comment. But evaluating both the "if" and the "else" statement is rather illogical. The evaluation of both branches is what is truly bizarre here.
I'm stuck on that 6-day workweek thing. It's like admitting you don't want people to be good at their job! I get it that sometimes in a startup you need people willing to go into crunch time. But saying you are planning for every single week to be crunch time means you just suck at leadership and are obsessed with control.

And what's worse, it's for an automation company!

> Work on one of the most important problems in the field. Digital robots will unlock the next 100x productivity increase, and free humans from trillions of hours of soul-crushing work.

"We need you to put in 60 hour weeks to save people from soul-crushing work"

If you are the founder who posted this job listing and happen to be reading this post, you fundamentally need to change your attitude about your business. You are explicitly making a business culture of misunderstanding your customer base. If you don't appreciate the value of a life or personal time, do not run an automation company.
NP means, a solution can be found in polynomial time with a hypothetical non-deterministic Turing machine.

If your problem statement includes the number to be guessed, it's trivial and solvable in linear time without non-determinism.

If it does not include the number to be guessed, then the process of "verifying the solution" has no access to this info by definition too, and it is not possible to verify the solution at all!?

Apart from that, the verifiability of a solution in polynomial time on a deterministic Turing machine is a necessary consequence of a problem being in NP, but the reverse direction does not apply without additional conditions, IIRC.

If you want to say anything interesting about related problems in regard to complexity theory, you'll have to introduce an "oracle".

As far as my knowledge goes, even this doesn't make the problem of "guess an unknown number" without further qualification more interesting.

Maybe it would be a good exercise to apply these ideas to binary search for an unknown number, with the answer (greater, smaller, correct) as an oracle. Of course the number must be computable, which doesn't preclude it from being transcendental. Another interesting rabbit hole :)

It looks as if you exclude any numbers with an infinite decimal representation by allowing an oracle that says "yes" or "no" to a guess — but of course numbers can also be defined using different means, e.g. convergent sum series etc — and we both know that Pi is finite, right?

A formula that can calculate Pi to an arbitrary precision is a finite and complete representation of Pi, just not as a sequence of digits.

Digging further into this would lead away from CS and into Maths, particularly there are old and new discussions about the "existance" of transcendental numbers (irrational would suffice, too). This is a part of our shared scientific basics, at least in any math-adjacent field.

Googling "Nicolas Bourbaki" is at least as interesting as the complexity theory zoo :)

But probably I'm going over my head here since I don't know much about complexity theory apart from faint CS course memories about Cook's theorem.
What I want to know: if they had submitted the mask for testing, would it have passed?

I agree there should be a fine given that "N95" refers to masks that have actually passed NIOSH testing, but I think it interesting to know if the mask worked.

If the masks worked, there was never a risk to public health.
This definitely sounds more like it and I am happy to be this week's example of why non-lawyers shouldn't speculate about what a particular crime is or is not :)
I don't know how it is relevant what Apple did on other products, especially "pre-iPhone".

The point is that TODAY the PC line and the iPad line of Apple are quite notable silo'ed to very specific usage-patterns.

There is no technical reason for that, but the distinct commercial reason that there is nothing to gain in terms of revenue or profit by combining the two products into one.

They both sell fine and at great margin separately, there is little to gain by building an iPad Pro that is 2000 USD and supports the use-cases of both a 600 USD iPad and a 1600 USD MacBook respectively.

Quite bluntly: You want the iPad to be convenient in a workflow as far as possible, and then SUCK really bad in a way only a fully synchronized Macbook can fix.
Because they come in lower cost and target smaller businesses who need a ERP. SAP is far too expensive in cost and labor for businesses at that scale.

Those smaller businesses and the ERP grow up together.
Some people can't be rehabilitated
The question is, which RISC-V? You're providing a single kernel for phone-like things, so probably RV64I as a base. MAFD is pretty much required for running a Java VM. Q, no. C, are you shipping for Si-Five or Qualcomm? J/T/P/V would be useful, but does the kernel need it? H is needed for Android phones these days but not watches. S, no idea.

The explanation makes sense to me; let the dust settle and have real hardware shipping before defining the base feature set in a generic kernel image.
I agree; that's the "client-server legacy" that I mentioned in GP.

It's unfortunately not widely known that Puppet can be run just like you describe, over SSH (or, for e.g. running in a Docker container, can be invoked as a one-shot "puppet apply" against a local configuration file like pyinfra's "local" transport): https://www.puppet.com/docs/bolt/latest/bolt.html. Doing that requires no background daemons, puppetmasters, cert-signing hell, inventory management PuppetDB/Foreman stacks, or any of that stuff: you run a command which SSHes to a remote/local machine and applies changes based on instructions written in Puppet-lang or one-off scripts. The remote end is entirely self-hosting; it doesn't rely on anything being running on the remote host (Bolt will install the "puppet-agent" package to bootstrap itself, but in this context that package is inert and is used equivalently to a library when you run tasks).

I'm with you that the agent-based approach is far from the best way to go these days. I'm just bummed that we're throwing the baby out with the bathwater: I wish Puppet-the-language and Puppet-the-server-management-tool weren't so often dismissed along with the Puppet-as-inventory-system or Puppet-as-daemonized-continuous-compliance-engine.
No worries, it's very important for us to stay compatible with the provider ecosystem.
I want to know how much they made selling them? If they made $30m, and they get fined $1.2, that isn't really much deterrent...
I don't know that it's going to matter too much, in the end? There's a plethora of other "metadata" surrounding a patient's encounter with the therapist that isn't therapy notes, enough such that you can probably infer a good deal of what might be in the notes from the metadata. E.g., things like their reason for even engaging the therapist in the first place is probably basically the thesis for most of the session & notes. Enough to extort the person, I think.
Or were the filter elements already submitted for N95 rating and Razer thought that the rating was transitive rather than having to get the entire apparatus certified.