skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
I gave my good faith understanding of what a tree is, but your comment made me think more about it, and to look it up.

From chapter two of the book "Algorithmic Graph Theory and Sage" [1]; it states the following concerning directedness:

"A directed tree is a digraph which would be a tree if the directions on the edges
were ignored." ... which is the correct definition from my understanding.

However, the authors go on to say:

"A rooted tree can be regarded as a directed tree since...Directed trees are pervasive in theoretical computer science, as they are useful structures for describing algorithms and relationships between objects in certain datasets."

So, colloquially (but perhaps not formally), one can refer to a directed, rooted, connected, acyclic graph as a tree.

Concerning weights, wolfram provides a definition of a strict graph [2] which specifies the unweighted qualifier (and undirected qualifier):

"A simple graph, also called a strict graph (Tutte 1998, p. 2), is an unweighted, undirected graph..."

The wolfram definition of a tree [3] includes the 'simple' qualifier:

Tree "is a simple, undirected, connected, acyclic graph..."

So, I would suggest formally, a tree cannot have weights (recall that weights are basically labels assigned to the edges).

Incidentally, I took down from the shelf my copy of The Art of Computer Programming (TAOCP) Volume One, and section 2.3 deals with trees exclusively. Donal Knuth asserts that trees are 'the most important nonlinear structures that arise in computer algorithms'. I skimmed the entire section and although he makes reference to weighted path lengths, I did not see any mention of weighted trees.

So, to my understanding, the original definition I proposed is valid, but I am very open to correction.

Concerning spanning trees and Huffman Coding - the tree are constructed from weighted graphs (not that the trees are weighted themselves). However, I understand where you are coming from, where again colloquially (but perhaps not formally), people often refer to and construct weighted trees.

At the beginning of Section 2.3.4 in TAOCP, Knuth makes the following important point concerning graph theory:

"Unfortunately, there will probably never be a standard terminology in this field, and so the author has followed the usual practice of comtemporary books on graph theory, namely to use words that are similar but not identical to the terms used in any other books on graph theory...the nomenclature used here is also biased towards computer applications".

So, in summary, my definition of a tree is open to debate :)

I am grateful for your question because in seeking out the answer, it has deepened my understanding of what a tree is.

[1] Algorithmic Graph Theory and Sage" by David Joyner, Minh Van Nguyen, David Phillip; Version 0.8-r1991;

[2] https://mathworld.wolfram.com/SimpleGraph.html

[3] https://mathworld.wolfram.com/Tree.html
Did he?? He expanded a bullet list of the different owners to fit a 12 minute video, started and ended the video with an ad, literally said he "didn't have too much to say about Golden Gate Capital", and shares the insight that "Red lobster just needs to get to a point financially where they can be themselves..." OK.
To save going down this rabbit hole again :-)

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=39262314

>https://listofdisks.com/
https://www.cpuscout.com/
https://diskprices.com/
https://gpuprices.us/
https://instances.vantage.sh/
https://tvpricesindex.com/
The next Wheel Reinvention Jam will be in September! We're just finalizing our plans for that jam and our smaller Visibility Jam in July. If you're interested in participating, then join the Handmade Network Discord server (link on our home page at https://handmade.network/).
Packet switching.
> I don’t know, it was presumably extremely stressful. Extremely stressful events or when a lot of people kill them themselves.

Or sometimes to attack the people who made their lives extremely stressful. Or someone who works for them. Or commit arson. But somehow that's not what we are observing
Refurbed drives, at least for Seagate, are terrible.
I found the "a single div" site to be interesting and great inspiration from time to time, so I shared it here. I feel like, it usually benefits the community if we see and discuss old projects from modern web development eyes.
A Convenient Ensembled Perplexity API
Going just by the title, does that mean searches with a warrant increased by 50%?

Close enough.

Why would someone pick a title like that?
- Location: Denver, CO

- Remote: Yes (Open to hybrid)

- Seeking: Full-time

- Willing to relocate: NYC or SF

- Technologies: React/Vue/Angular, JavaScript/TypeScript, Tailwind/CSS, Vite/Webpack, Jest/Web Test Runner, Node.js

- Résumé/CV: https://abruno.net

- LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/brunotony

I’m a front-end engineer with over 15 years of experience creating scalable, accessible, and responsive experiences for the web. I’ve got a deep understanding and passion for leading complex long-term projects, advocating for processes and standards, and collaborating with multidisciplinary teams and stakeholders to create impactful solutions.

Currently, I’m focused on empowering teams, simplifying workflows, and delivering the highest quality features and products possible.
Treatments improved even prior to vaccine rollout. I didn't say it was 1% fatal for 0-59 cohort.
I am interested in the position and have applied for it. I have extensively worked with automation and API development. Please feel free to reach out to me at harshajoshi@nyu.edu
A bank foreclosing and auctioning to themselves at a fire sale price.

It really doesn't look arms length, but perhaps it will still be appraised at some higher price.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35441470/
Nothing there is called "Product Engineer". The only enumerated roles are:

Backend Engineer - Carrier Integrations Team

Full-Stack Software Engineer, Product Team
He's been frustrated with dating and women for a long time and there have been hints of that bullshit for a while. It's why I find it difficult to watch him anymore.
I dont think so because there was a middle man, Bridgeton Holdings. They were the the prior owner, and now their bank owns it.

IF you buy a house for $1M, default, and your bank buys it at open auction for $100k, I dont think that is a tax scam either.
Mark43 |Full-Time| Remote| USA or Canadian Candidates (No sponsorship but can consider TN)
Staff Engineer (Backend)|$180k - $270k|
Sr. BE Engineer|$145k - $200k|
Software Engineer|$125k - $160k|
Director of Product|$200k - $270K|

Mark43 builds mission critical software for Public Safety agencies. We provide cities like Boston, Seattle and Atlanta with software that allows them to dispatch first responders and capture critical data.

Our stack is Java, React, Typescript, Mysql, Kubernetes and AWS.

Find out more and apply at: https://mark43.com/careers/ Email jon (dot)dauch (at)mark43.com if interested
One argument here is that it cuts of Microsoft being able to declare that this is "vital OS functionality" when it obviously isn't.

What I'd like to see is regulation banning doing this. Given how many governments use Microsoft products including in sensitive applications, this should be an obvious demand.
Yes having good vitamin D levels is good, as low levels are associated with more severe CV-19 disease. Seems to be related to the fact that CV-19 is a blood and organ disease (that happens to have airborne transmission), micro-clotting is a big effect, and Vit-D has some anticoagulant effects.

But it will NOT prevent infection.

A properly fitted N95/N99 mask will. It takes about 700 viral particles (early strains) entering the airways to start an infection (obviously variance involved). Cutting out 95-99% of the particles you breath in an exposure event gives you 20X to 100X margin to prevent infection.

When good masks are generally used, those effects are multiplied together, as the contagious person's spreading of viruse particles is reduced by 20-100X, and your mask reduces that attenuated stream by another 20-100X.

These effects are why the R0 of all airborne diseases is cut when most people take measures. We can see this because while the spread of the more contagious CV-19 was reduced, entire strains of influenza went EXTINCT. Wiped out forever. They could thrive in an unmasked population, but died out when people even masked badly and inconsistently.
I suppose I should be unsurprised that you would pretend that's what it's about. Assume everybody's as selfish and disingenuous as you, yeah.
Would you expect them to do any better than they did with the trash cans?
This is so true and in touch with the reality. I felt like I read my emotions and frustrations through the words.
I use Brave, never seen an ad in ages
Arkell v. Pressdram: How to respond to a frivolous legal threat

https://news.lettersofnote.com/p/arkell-v-pressdram
As a teenager, I misread the title and borrowed it from the library. Imagine my disappointment and embarrassment when I realized that there was no mention of a human-moth hybrid at all.
If there's two things I've learned about chemistry from ExplosionsAndFire in YouTube it's

- Yellow is bad

- The 60s were awesome
I try to assume positive intent and continue to believe change is possible. I understand that hope is not a strategy.
This jitteryness is because the sample doesn't have antialiasing enabled (since it's pixel art) and the background scrolling is 0.1pixels per frame, which means every 10 frames it snaps 1 pixel. The scrolling is also updating on fixed amount per frame instead of looking at deltaTime, so if there are lags or small differences in frame time this might look choppy.

But I think it's more meant to demonstrate drawing parallax layers rather than subpixel scrolling.
You are not going to believe what they use to harvest and deliver wheat
HyDE apparently means “Hypothetical Document Embeddings”, which seems to be a kind of generative query expansion/pre-processing

https://arxiv.org/abs/2212.10496

https://github.com/texttron/hyde

From the abstract:

Given a query, HyDE first zero-shot instructs an instruction-following language model (e.g. InstructGPT) to generate a hypothetical document. The document captures relevance patterns but is unreal and may contain false details. Then, an unsupervised contrastively learned encoder~(e.g. Contriever) encodes the document into an embedding vector. This vector identifies a neighborhood in the corpus embedding space, where similar real documents are retrieved based on vector similarity. This second step ground the generated document to the actual corpus, with the encoder's dense bottleneck filtering out the incorrect details.
Yip, "AI powered" is the new "military grade encryption" tagline for any online service now.
> what's these supposed ideas that nobody else has come up with

No, I'm pretty sure a lot of people have came up with the ideas that I have, and irrespective of whether they watched sci-fi or not, as I did not.

I'm not even saying I'm smart or anything. I'm just saying people are capable of coming up with ideas without having anything to do with sci fi.
Revel in talks to snap up defunct Tesla charging sites
God forbid we gaze upon the visage of a scientist. It must be horribly jarring to read a textbook and see pictures of Einstein and Curie...
The "Fun" HR Manager
I completely bombed the interview with David Fullerton and I’m pretty sure that’s what killed my application. [His] question, which I’ve heard is a Facebook favorite, was “convert a decimal number to base negative 2”. This question, which is possible/doable in 40 minutes and more about the problem solving process than anything, is the dumbest fucking question I have ever had and I don’t care what anybody else thinks.

No need to be excessively polite in situations like these. A roll of the eyes, followed by some variant of: "Sorry, but is a bullshit question. I'm going to have to end the call / get going" is probably the most suitable response. Doesn't matter who's asking, how famous they are or what they've accomplished.

To be clear - negative bases have not only no known mathematical relevance, but essentially no mention in the literature outside of puzzle problems constructed specifically around them.

You're a programmer/engineer after all - not a dancing monkey.
There's another, much nicer, solution to the contiguous allocation problem: use a proper arena allocator. This is essentially the article's `std::deque` option, but without the downsides of "every node is the same size" or Microsoft's deque implementation.

You can get 90% of the way there by expanding the `vector`+`reserve` approach to keep a list of vectors, and allocate a new one whenever the previous one fills up. Replace the vectors with untyped byte buffers, and you can fill them with objects of different sizes.

This is quite reasonable to do even in Rust, e.g. with bumpalo: https://docs.rs/bumpalo/latest/bumpalo/.
No one gives away 20% of a company for advice. He gives them capital. Hopefully connections. And founders can take or leave the advice.

Anyway, he is a successful entrepreneur having built AngelList. Sure, maybe he isn’t Midas, but a single failure in a startup doesn’t make someone an idiot. But assuming you are referring to AirChat, it seems too early to call it a failure anyway.
The moment you run an uncommon configuration in Linux, you must search for fixes and get to rather deep configs in Linux... Windows usually just works with the same hardware.
You think you even need sata for a nas, or would an external bay with usbc be enough for spinning rust?
IRS or your county assessor? Does the IRS have anything to do with property taxes?
Yeah, that's a good point.

One way to look at private equity is that they are playing an arbitrage game between the perceived value of a brand and the actual worth of the products the brand produces.

In a world where people had better access to true, recent information, perceived brand value wouldn't lag actual product value as much and there would be less opportunity to exploit the arbitrage.
from TFA:

> the FBI conducted 57,094 searches of “US person” data under Section 702 of the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act last year — a 52 percent decrease from 2022.

maybe because... it's an accurate depiction of what happened?
I guess that depends on if it was an open auction and if the bank placed the top bid.

Sales dont have to be at arms length. It is just that if they aren't, it opens price and sale process to scrutiny for self dealing. it doesnt mean that self dealing occurred.
I think silicon photonics are for directly connecting chips on board with other peripherals, in order to save energy and speed of light.
It could also be that are really good at hiring people who would have become great engineers no matter where they worked.
Most of the time when the word "tree" is used in this context, it is in reference to that DAG, not the printed version.

E.g. see the tree and tree-structure glossary entries in ANSI CL.

https://www.lispworks.com/documentation/lw61/CLHS/Body/26_gl...
I live in a tropical zone over 100F year round and use shade cloth to keep grass and plants green. Wonder if that could be used to cover big areas in the desert?
> but in many cases the increase in productivity loses strategically to the slower time to market.

I disagree that it always means slower time to market - if the individual is empowered and minimum process (no PMs, "grooming", estimates, etc) a sharp individual can run circles around a full team.
Your browser has a reader mode if you're offended by their design. You can also just delete the images in your console:

document.querySelectorAll("img").forEach(x => x.remove())
Blender Geometry nodes supports SDF modelling. It's just not a widely known or used technique. But it's super powerful.
If there was anything worth reading in magazines I'd also be mad if I had to scroll past 8 pages that were just pictures of Einstein standing in his field.
That game data is text, and that you reverse the game by hitting backspace are interesting ideas. I'm curious if there is any utility beyond novelty though. It's certainly very creative, I'll be thinking about it.
IANAL

just because they say it does not mean they can enforce it
Yup. The bankruptcy just transferred the right to exploit it from the mildly incompetent to expertly ruthless.
Lol - phones are now just advertisement machines and trackers.

I wonder when Linux Desktops follow?
This is a good listen.

https://freakonomics.com/podcast/do-you-know-who-owns-your-v...
And once you are done, services like Xometry allow you to print out the metal by having them source a printing vendor from their network.
It was always "effective enough relative to the safety risk of rare blood clots". There was never any attempt to suppress knowledge of blood clots, it was international news and widely acknowledged by everyone as a risk associated with the AZ vaccine.
Which is also what screws java as the runtime notices the false case is most common and so is willing to stall the pipeline when performance matters most.
He's got over 2 mill followers. And can't get a date? Interesting, he should just switch his subject a bit towards things that women like. He'll have women breaking down his door just to talk to him.
Oh wow they re-implemented WPF? Madness. I seem to recall not wanting to make WPF cross platform was one of the reasons visual studio on Apple is based on monodevelop.

I worked at a shop that wouldn't hesitate to spend the 20k in a second if they had to.
Perhaps I should have rephrased myself, then; Apple is a user-data sellout. They're a known collaborator with multiple state and municipal surveillance actors, and will gladly sacrifice user security in regions they consider valuable to their supply chain: https://support.apple.com/en-us/111754

Again, every time anyone brings attention to this there's always the same tired relativist apologism. It's bad when Microsoft does it, bad when Google does it, but when Apple has blood on their hands nobody acts like anything is wrong.
What black magic is this?
If you have face id and attention awareness enabled, the alarm will be silenced but still technically be going off if the phone thinks you looked at it.

Not sure if it's related to this TFA bug, but it's aggravating, to put it nicely.
> No one would be talking about foul play had he died of say a long term chronic condition, or cancer, or a natural disaster. The odds of dying under suspicious circumstances are inherently less than the odds of just dying in general.

This is an extremely important point, looking at most causes of death, they are things like Heart Disease, Alzheimer, Chancers, diabetes. Nobody would be accusing Boeing if that was the case. Comparing this to general chance of death will lead to vast overestimate.

You have to compare to causes of death that are sudden, where the person was healthy enough to testify in court just a few weeks ago.
This bans the use of alternative youtube clients, but not the creation of such clients.
AUS Authorities Push for Encryption Backdoors After Internet Censorship Attempt
https://web.archive.org/web/20240502171047/https://www.nytim...
Yes, that's what I've seen too. But, it's clearly wrong and exploitive since there is no company without the people.
That's not why I changed the current URL. As for Twitter links in general - it's a mess right now. A lot of significant content only exists in that form, so I wouldn't go so far as to say they're discouraged; but it's good to check if a better / more accessible source with the same information is available.
That sounds nice, but many diseases,including COVID19 have a phase where the person is very contagious BEFORE they get symptoms.

Even with millions of deaths, we were incredibly lucky that CV-19 had only a ~2% case/fatality rate. Many other diseases are far higher, including the Avian Flu H5N1 at over 50% in humans.

Being healthy is a false sense of security (i.e., you don't know what you are talking about and are spreading ignorance). For example the group the 1918 Flu pandemic killed most was yoing healthy males (incl my wife's GGP). Why? Because it caused a huge immune system response called a cytokine storm, and the most healthy males had the strongest immune response, and it killed them (yes, our biological system has a few bugs).

The entire job of diseases is to overcome healthy subjects and spread despite this.

Stop spreading ignorant wishful thinking.
Java is indeed a great technology.

JavaFX, however, seems to have many unfixed bugs, even though it's actively maintained.

How do you overcome the obstacles when developing and deploying your JavaFX application[s], so it's working well for you?
I don't know what it would look like, but I'm excited at the prospect of grand strategy games like Paradox's CK2, EU4, etc with LLMs. They already heavily use random events so it'd be cool to make those more dynamic, multiple stages etc.
What do people mean when they refer to ads on Windows? I’ve used Windows from 3.1 to 11 on PC, and NT 4 to 2022 on server, and I’ve never seen an ad.

Granted I’ve only ever used local logins or locally hosted Active Directory, so is this a thing when you use a Microsoft login or what?
What you're saying mostly makes sense to me, but there's one big edge-case that I care about.

For my own applications I like to have my staff-level admin access work independently of external providers. I don't want to run into a situation where my Google account (or some other SSO service) has been accidentally banned by a weird machine learning algorithm hiccup and now I can't sign into my own service's dashboard to sort out problems.

Admin accounts are also exactly the kind of thing that I want to have my own 2FA for - so passkeys are ideal for them.

So yeah, Passkeys for retail users is something I'll outsource to an IdP, but I'm still very interested in them for my own "staff-level" administrative accounts.
Norway's intention homicide rate is six times greater than Singapore's.
Serious question, why not just use kubernetes instead of Nomad?

The only “kinda cool”, thing I saw with Nomad is that it can “orchestrate” binary files, not just containers.

That said, putting binaries in containers isn’t very difficult.
Closest I can recall is Arthur C. Clarke's "3001: The Final Odyssey". People strapped on wings, flapped their arms, and that was enough to fly.

Alternatively, in "Rendesvousz With Rama", he envisioned a human-powered flying bike. IIRC, a foldable sports bike with wings and a propeller.
This logic made a lot of sense to me standalone, but further down the thread I read <https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=40242476>:

> YouTube claims he violated their API terms of service and he [Louis] explains that GrayJay doesn't use the API so they never agreed or accepted those terms.

The point (of the person you replied to, too, presumably) is not that they don't have an agreement with Google, but that they're not violating these specific terms (as claimed by Google) because that's not what they signed up for. They run a channel, not an API client. (My understanding of their words, not saying I can judge the legal merit of this.)

Not that it seems like a (at least short term) beneficial move to get this type of cross with the platform that can probably terminate your account at their sole discretion, but I'm happy he's trying to get Youtube content more liberated. For instance, you can mark your videos as having a creative commons license, but that means nothing because it's not like it spawns a download button for the users to exercise their granted license. Anyone besides the uploader still has to violate YT's ToS (which I'm sure forbids these third-party video downloaders) in order to get at that creative commons video data
That’s why I said the denominator is important. If you hit a home run on your first at bat it doesn’t mean you can bat 1000 the whole season.

On the other hand, the more variables you add the more variance you’ll get. Actuarial tables use deaths per 100k. To my knowledge there haven’t been 100k Boeing whistleblowers.