skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
> How else could it do that?

Perhaps by having a dataset of symbols that corresponds to symbols that you similarly understand how they can be put together, as well by having a model for how to respond to inputs given some prompts.

You can fill a SQL database with different kinds of apples and their prices.

You can "ask" the price of a Golden Delicious apple, and the DBMS responds--intelligently, with the "right" answer given the question asked in semantic business language.

How could the DBMS do that, if it didn't "understand" the data?

The answer is, the machine system contained a system of symbols and a model for how to give you want you want. But the system didn't utilize any kind of first principles in its "understanding".

I hypothesize there is a "true sense of understanding" or "understanding before anything else" that machines can mimic but that--currently--only humans are good at (even with LLM advances). At least, I haven't seen any evidence to the contrary.

As an aside, if there really were an LLM that could understand, reason, "think" (so that it "understood" with an "inherent representation" to "encode an understanding of our world"), then it would, by all likelihood, be spouting some disruptive-seeming output (in the best sense possible--as in, output supportive of paradigm shifts from status quo positions in place for no reason other than momentum) across domains, and I'm just not seeing that. (Sure, the machine might be coerced to APPEAR to do such things, but that would be an illusion, and not doing it on its own--not true intelligence analysis.)
The mod that deleted some* comments (wasn't the one related to NixOS) wrote something, so through the public mod actions, think found the discussion you speak of. Was it** https://lobste.rs/s/0qvtim/open_letter_nixos_foundation? Not what expected based on your comment. Seems most didn't align with the open letter and even bring negative points that hadn't noticed when read it.

*Although comments no longer can see based on previous it was becoming a heated conversation.

**For comparison, open letter discussion in HN: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=40107370
Did using CentOS Stream screw you or you're just complaining for nothing?
I mean yes, god is a fantasy, but what are you talking about exactly?
The US market hasn't historically been that open. We started this country with tariffs as the only thing funding the government. All the free trade market stuff we have today was carefully negotiated via the WTO, and even then there is a huge bias in supporting allies (remember, when China opened up in the late 90s, it was antagonistic with Russia and actually a US ally since the the late 70s, that is all history now).
PINs and passwords on HSM keys like this are typically very secure as they will wipe themselves or at least lock themselves after a small number of failed attempts. For example if you only allow 5 failed attempts a 4 digit random PIN has a 0.05% chance of being guessed and a 6 digit PIN is 0.0005%.

So the only real risk is key extraction, hardware key extraction is always possible but likely incredibly expensive, so for most threat models it is not an issue. (Software key extraction or side channels is a different problem which may be easier but in theory is not possible.)
It gets weirder. In my state (Oregon) it's not even the government that is gathering the data, it's a third party that's authorized by the government. I assume the government gets that data, but I also assume that the 3rd party is happily allowed to correlated and package the data to sell how it sees it (that may not be fair, but there were no explicit statements of privacy safety on the sites...)

There are 3 companies that do it. Only one of them will do a non-GPS-based system, but it still requires a dongle plugged in and is limited to a small set of vehicles. I'm not really sure why.

To further complicate things, do I choose the Insurance dongle to save money on insurance, or the EV registration dongle, to save money on vehicle registration? AFAICT, they don't stack.
Show HN: A complete double-entry accounting system in PostgreSQL
I wanted to share an interesting experiment I've been working on: creating a double-entry accounting system entirely in a PostgreSQL database. It's inspired by plain-text accounting, especially Beancount, a fantastic project for plain-text double-entry accounting.

I've implemented most core accounting features as PostgreSQL functions, including multi-currency support, account balance calculations, and cost-basis calculations for lot matching, average cost, FIFO, or LIFO. It turns out it's easier to create a "database-based" accounting system than you'd think! The core idea is to use a custom PostgreSQL type called amount, which combines a numeric value with a currency and then write custom aggregation functions to sum amounts into balances (baskets of currencies) which can be used in other custom functions.

I also created two Python scripts: one to import Beancount files into the database and another to export the database back to a Beancount file. I've been using this system, called Beanpost, with my personal Beancount file, which has about four years of data and over 10,000 transactions across multiple currencies.

I started Beanpost for fun and to create a backend for a custom mobile-friendly web app using Beancount data. While a database isn't as immediately usable as a text file, the possibilities for integrating with other tools are broader.

I'm not sure where to take this next, but it's been a fun experiment, and I hope some of you find it intriguing. I'd love to hear any feedback or suggestions! Here's the link if you'd like to check it out:

https://github.com/gerdemb/beanpost
"With €150,000, it's possible for a young couple to have the home they've always dreamed of, in an area with good access and services"

Ahm ... is there a housing crisis in Europe as well? Because that price tag doesn't sound remarkably cheap to me.
> As far as I know, the most RAM you can get in a MacBook Pro (which is what you said you're shopping for) is 48G

Huh? They have options up to 128GB…

https://www.apple.com/shop/buy-mac/macbook-pro/14-inch-space...
Bitwarden, which you can self-host (I do this) seems to have at least partial support now, and I know they're working on improving it. However, I'm not sure if their client and server are both fully FOSS.
A-BiRD uses Raspberry Pi to identify different species singing at the same time
Crypto Mining Specific Breaker Panels
Or just plaster it.
Cannot find any “Sun filled” products for Philips. Are you sure they’re called that?
The front page is too full of reality TV, US news/sports, and garden variety human interest stories to fit this kind of thing in
css can do all of that natively
Compare GTK/Qt to raw xlib/wayland/win32/cocoa primitives - including the way that those toolkits abstract away the differences.

Or (as others have pointed out) the various `git` "porcelain" commands (checkout/add/commit/branch) compared to the primitive operations for dealing with various object types. Even just `git pull` as a combination of `git fetch` and `git merge`.

Or how a filesystem API of open/read/write/close/unlink is a very simple abstraction over block allocation and (in the old days) moving a disk head and waiting for the platter to spin under it in order to access the right sector. Not to mention the "directory" and "subdirectory" abstraction, instead of just having one giant table of inode numbers.

Edit: Or compare HTML with abstractions like "headings" and "paragraphs" to a raw typesetting language like troff or TeX.
Same goes for Chrome and Firefox on all platforms
Why aren't co-ops everywhere?
Awesome. Is there code?
Or you can just use a verified email as a username...
How I search in 2024
Or, you know, foundation.
The housing crisis is not universal. The last few decades saw a trend towards re-urbanization and re-centralization after the prior several decades favored flight from urban centers into sprawling suburbs.

That's culminated in excessive demand for housing in areas that are already heavily developed with existing structures and land-use, and pressure for demolition/reconstruction and rezoning for higher density, which is not easy to achieve.

Modular, manufactured, and kit homes are almost universally single family structures which don't do much for that problem. They have a place in ADU (accessory dwelling units) construction that marginally increases density in some neighborhoods or certain kinds of creative urban developments, but mostly just make it easier and cheaper to build out new land in those places that many currently don't see as desirable.

That said, in the big picture, continued innovation in that sector helps ready for the inevitable pendulum reversal as people recognize their urban centers as inaccessible and/or blighted and adopt a new vision of their own future. But that's not a "today" solution or really something that can be controlled very well at all.
Yeah, good years and bad years kind of a thing. People recover from bankruptcies.

I meant in the way of recovering his social image because this is brutal.
Now that Windows Explorer is tabbed, I find it impossible to use anything that requires me to manage multiple windows to simply move a file to another folder.
You can have multiple passkeys (using different devices or passkey providers) for a single site too. You don't need to fall back to another login mechanism.
Vision Pro is VR. It's just using the surrounding environment to build the virtual one. Something like HoloLens is true AR.
"Bullshit" doesn't work because it requires a psychological "intent to persuade," but LLMs are not capable of having intentions. People intentionally bullshit because they want to accomplish specific goals and adopt a cynical attitude towards the truth; LLMs incidentally bullshit because they aren't capable telling the difference between true and false.

Specifically: bullshitters know they are bullshitting and hence they are intentionally deceptive. They might not know whether their words are false, but they know that their confidence is undeserved and that "the right thing to do" is to confess their ignorance. But LLMs aren't even aware of their own ignorance. To them, "bullshitting" and "telling the truth" are precisely the same thing: the result of shallow token prediction, by a computer which does not actually understand human language.

That's why I prefer "confabulate" to "bullshit" - confabulation occurs when something is wrong with the brain, but bullshitting occurs when someone with a perfectly functioning brain takes a moral shortcut.
But you defined leftism as a subset of communism. Not the other way around
I had the same reaction, it gives you the feeling that the article itself is also AI
I used to wonder why studios had their own foley sound stage, musicians, photography and concept artists...

Then one takes a trip down the deep rabbit hole of modern copyright liabilities. Finds a web marketplace filled with potential copyright submarine lawsuits, DMCA take-downs waiting to happen (youtube contentID will eventually flag the work of that cheap asset pack off Unity marketplace), and draconian EULA.

People are often unaware resale/transfer of many production Asset licenses is prohibited even if you buy the old CD/DVD media sets, "royalty free" can also mean hidden per-user seat-fees and can't cover public performances of sheet-music that must be cleared with local performing arts organizations to make sure the original rights holders get paid.

What this means, is even if you pay for something 3rd party... you don't own the primary rights to the content. And there is usually a bunch of per-file legal conditions that are impossible to keep track of in a production environment.

Ultimately, even CC0 may not necessarily protect you if the source makes the wrong judgement call on the original primary work. There is a similar argument about ML generated works as algorithms cannot own IP, and therefore cannot be transferred or licensed properly...

This is one of the primary reasons I financially support OSS related projects that do procedural textures/shaders that can be baked in 4k later.

It really sucks the fun out of building anything aesthetically beautiful for cheap... as your budget ends up mired in licensing fees even before 1 line of code is written..

I supported Polyhaven as they curated a truly unrestricted library of CC0 content, and offer it without any hidden fees/subscription BS for everyone.

Remember to have fun, =)
Is it a hate crime if you attack someone because you hate that they're rich?
Is it a hate crime if you attack someone because you hate blue shirts and he was wearing a blue shirt that day?

What exactly is a hate crime and how is it precisely defined such that it's more serious than crime in general?

If you punch someone in the face
vs
Punch them because they are a woman
vs
Punch them because they are white
vs
Punch them because they are black
vs
Punch them because they are gay
vs
Punch them because they are a nazi
vs
Punch them because they are a commie

Which of these is a hate crime and which is a "normal" crime. Which get punished more harshly and how to decide the motivation other than in the absolutely most obvious cases of the person confessing why they did it.
I believe this is just a product of US corporate tax laws and high interest rate but I would like to hear other takes on it. Corporations don't want to bring overseas profit home and be double taxed, so they borrow domestically using oversea cash as collateral. High interest rate and strong USD make it less attractive to hire in US.
The lock-in situation with passkeys seems far worse than with password managers, though. There is no "export" option for iCloud passkeys - despite being cloud-synced across your Apple devices.

If you decide to switch from an iPhone to an Android phone, you're looking at an arduous process of enrolling a new passkey for every single site.
> how to attack and solve nontrivial word problems.

Please no. Non-trivial problems that are expressed in natural language, sure: I'm in favour. But once you get past basic arithmetic, "word problems" are just algebra obfuscated with a prefabricated template. A non-trivial problem, written in natural language, will usually admit multiple solutions: cutting that down to something you can fit into a mark scheme, without making the problem convoluted or forced, is hard. Example:

> Jacob and Sally want to split a rectangular cake between them, but neither is very good at cutting. Jacob can cut precisely (wasting no cake), but will miss the middle by 10% of the distance to the edge of the cake. Sally can cut accurately (exactly in the middle), but will obliterate 10% of the cake in the process. (Neither Jacob nor Sally want to eat crumbs.) Who should cut the cake, and why?

This is a fun problem, but a rubbish exam question! Word problems completely sidestep this issue by starting with the algebra, and then replacing symbols with words until it's almost prose. For example, consider the Hannah's sweets problem (solution: http://www.murderousmaths.co.uk/hsweets.htm):

> There are n sweets in a bag. 6 of the sweets are orange. The rest of the sweets are yellow. Hannah takes at random a sweet from the bag. She eats the sweet. Hannah then takes at random another sweet from the bag. She eats the sweet. The probability that Hannah eats two orange sweets is 1/3. What is the value of n?

While nominally a "good" exam question, it only makes sense within a rigid and rigorous context that's quite alien to an untrained person's understanding of English prose. And it requires bold assumptions about the fundamental nature of statistics (see https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/statistics/) that go completely unstated. Understanding English and Maths aren't enough to answer this question: you also have to understand Maths Exams.
I'm certain the parent poster was describing a situation where the reckless driver could have used the passing lane on the left, but chose to pass on the right. Passing on the right is fine when the passing lane is blocked.
Building the walls of a concrete block house doesn't take much over 18 hours of labour either. You can't go up more than ~6 feet in a day because you need the bottom layers to gain strength before adding more on top, so you end up doing ~3 6 hour days.

This could be optimized further with things like block feeders/lifts to bring the blocks to the worker.
Really great list, I didn't know about most of these. `line-clamp` is finicky though, and often doesn't work the way I'd expect.
I don’t think any shop starting nowadays really wants to use nodejs on the backend.

I think most everyone is on go or python for BE work.

Just really frontend focused apps or heavy react shops are doing js on the backend.

EDIT: I think “use server” is a nextjs thing FWIW
Exactly. We're adults making fair exchanges for compensation (assuming you've entered into a fair agreement).

There's so many angsty takes in this thread, I'm actually pretty shocked.

Working "hard" is an investment in yourself. You don't always have to be soley running on the SCRUM treadmill - you can learn other things that are valuable to the business. Ideally you'll also be smart and chose wisely for things that set you up better career-wise too.

But the idea that one would treat their employer as some kind of chump that deserves the minimal possible output they can extract from you? That sounds like a great way to pigeonhole yourself into a lacklustre and short career. Not to mention a really unfulfilling life. You spend so much time at work, why not try to find work you enjoy for an employer that isn't crap? I get that many jobs are soulless - but we're still in the drivers seat and we typically have a lot of choices (especially these days).
And Google will be developing Gemini further so rheu still be in the game
This is a good video about a real housing development (ie. not just a single demo house) that explains a lot of those infrastructure details: https://youtu.be/Y-4S7cdo3tY
https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2013/12/17/student-charge...
You're right, you can get an M3 Max MBP with 128GB, starting at $4700.

My main point is that if your objective is dipping your toe into this, you can do it with smaller models for far less. That is a really sweet machine, but for the amount of money involved you should be clear about what your needs are.
I'm someone with a serious medical condition where the official medical position boils down to "Quit your bitching about how you want real help and stop bothering us with ridiculous demands to do something effective. Politely and quietly die your slow, torturous death while revering and appreciating the monsters not really caring about your welfare."

So my view of modern medicine is a tad more jaded than yours and I guess this is where we agree to disagree.
Most of the 'gray tribe' stuff I remember was them being performatively over-upset with anyone left of Republicans, and mysteriously quiet about Republicans. A whole lot of 'both sides are the same' on drugs and war.

So basically, they were Republican kids from Republican families too embarressed to admit that to themselves or others.

For gay rights, see Log Cabin Republicans, out and proud gay Republicans, so basic acceptance of gay people having a right to exist doesn't make you automatically Blue.
Passkeys change nothing about account recovery. The same process for a forgotten password should be followed for a lost passkey.
You still can! :)

I have just embarked on this journey myself, recently. It is motivating to see others' work. Especially when they're not quite the same as what I'm doing.
> jeez, my parents would stick me in coach even if they were in F on the same flight, however long the flight was.

Clearly, they love you so much they were willing to ensure your resilience was forged from the steel of rough living. :-)
While at it: pure functional programming is very easy to grasp. You should just think about programming as of not tinkering with the state, not altering things, but as of producing outputs from inputs.

Say, analog electronics mostly works in the pure functional domain. An amplifier does not try to change the input signal. Instead, it produces a more powerful output signal, following the shape of the input signal. A tone generator in a musical instrument does not try to make a key on the keyboard vibrate. Instead it produces a sound signal according to the key pressed (which note and what velocity).

The simplest way to try practical pure functional programming is to connect a few Unix processes via pipes:

cat somefile.py | egrep '^def \w+' | wc -l

The above is a pure function compositon, as a map-reduce pipeline, in point-free style. (Yay, buzzwords.) It counts top-level functions in a Python file.

But how to achieve something like updating with that? By looping the output back to the input, and switching o the "next version" once it's computed. Conway's game of Life looks like an ultimate "update in place" thing. But it's purely functional, too: the new state of the map is completely computed based on the previous state if the map. Then the new map is seen as "the current map". Similarly, frames in a drawn animation do not change, but they are shown at the same place one after another, giving the impression of motion and change of "the same" picture.

In general, our Universe may be seen as a purely functional computation: its next state is a function of its past states, and the past is immutable.
Of course, that is how I knew the communists wrote those books.
I'm talking about infectious vectors. Hotdogs and other processes foods are generally paturized or cured. That could still be a vector for things like prions though.
That is like a surprising limitation! Any idea why?
The way you positioned the argument is helpful and conducive to a conversation. Just throwing out scenarios and expecting me to derive meaning isn't productive.
The print time needs to be added to the printer setup time. Something that big will have non-trivial effort to get on site and set up and then tear down after the print.

If that takes six days and the print takes a day then the printed house takes half the time of traditional framing. An improvement but not a revolution.

Concrete has additional issues though with weight being significant. Soil that can support a wood framed house can't necessarily support the same size concrete house. At least not without additional compaction. That just adds to pre-construction time and permitting.
article was nice to skim. I learned a few new things
If you can't compete, ban them!
The main problem is

* taking non-anonymous donations, making Nix seem like the extended arm of the military industrial complex

* DetSys being the de-facto nix consultancy due to employing the BDFL, not moving work done / guarantees given (installer, flake stability) back into the foundation and taking money from the same military industrial complex

FOSS is open to everyone and one can't stop people from using it; that doesn't mean the foundation (and it's de-facto corporate arm) need to openly become dependent on military contractors either.
Agree. I actually wanted to acquire a biometric signature to do something with it on iOS and was super bummed once I dug in to see how it works -- all Apple exposes is a function that returns true or false hahaha
The 18 hours doesn't include waiting for the people and materials to show up here, either. Or the time to build the printer.
This is also true for a lot of the "kits": they're not particularly inexpensive for the floorspace (especially considering the labor needed), and often require a lot of finish work to be livable. If you have the land, manufactured / modular can end up being more cost effective and considerably quicker.

These strike me as schemes to mark up materials moreso than honest efforts to provide affordable housing.