skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Show HN: Auto-optimizing deterministic LLM outputs using knowledge graphs
Hi,
We are building an open-source framework for loading and structuring LLM context to create accurate and explainable LLM answers using knowledge graphs and vector stores.

We built the tool with four main concepts in mind:

1. Loader -> uses dlt in the backend to load and structure the data

2. Cognify step -> creates a graph with summaries, labels and factoids that are interconnected across the documents and stored as a representation in the vector store

3. Optimizer -> Uses DSPy to optimize LLM queries, and we plan to extend it to most of the knobs we can turn, like chunking etc.

4. Search -> allows for searching using search types supported in graph stores (ex. Neo4j) or hybrid, BM25, or other search types available in vector stores.

We are quite early with the product but we would love to hear feedback on what we can improve.
Thanks! I haven't heard anything about this before.
These terms have a way of burning people out. I hesitate to use blockchain and A.I. in the same sentence because that's a sure sign the person doesn't have anything to say.
This looks very interesting, thanks for sharing.
> it's ridiculous to think the average person can afford to spend that much just to skip a line a couple times a year.

Well, sure, it's ridiculous to pay that much if you only travel a couple times a year. It's like how paying $700/year for airline lounge access is ridiculous if you only travel a couple times a year.

But $800 for a family of 4 is much closer to the average person than, say, using a private jet to skip security lines.
Considering the amount of images and video of real devastation wrought around the world in real wars, it's disappointing that the artists went for pseudo-saccharine neon "nice" devastation.
Thanks! Combined with the other link to the BMJ article, it's pretty concerning.
Typically “mixed reality” is used to mean mixing your vision with virtual content. Whereas, “augmented reality” has typically meant displaying a live video feed on a single screen.

They are two quite different experiences and use cases. Once both are common it would make sense to call both augmented reality but I haven’t heard any better terms for describing the difference to people yet.
TIL there are amazingly many articles online regarding the calorie content of an adult human body; at 125 000 kcal I get USD ~15 per person, making me suspect that they can easily be put to higher NPV use than their carcass value.

(I did not go so far as to search out tanning instructions for making gloves)
The War on Drugs is a failed strategy, but I don't know of another way to tackle the problem of drugs and geography, WRT the US.

Decriminalizing hard drugs has been a failed experiment in Oregon, where hard drug use shot up drastically.
The promise of Instruction per Second scaling forever did stop being super-exponential. Instead of CPU based Instructions per Second we have continued scaling compute with GPU based Floating-point Operations Per Second which don't exactly have a 1:1 equivalence with instructions but are close enough. Nvidia released the "first" GPU in 1999 so it's not too surprising that this guy wasn't thinking in those terms in 1998. That's why Kurzweil and Bostrom used FLOPS in their extrapolations. They also end up in the neighborhood of 2020s/2030s in their later predictions in the 2000s.

With that in mind we are currently at 1 billion GigaFLOPS for the largest super computer in 2023. And the trendline since the 90's has kept up with the prediction made in the post. Although we can't exactly say 1 GigaFLOPS = 1000 MIPS.

https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/supercomputer-power-flops...
I'm certainly not Gen Z or a Millenial, but I do not subscribe to the notion that solidity or the quality of life your parents have experiences is unachievable for today's generation any more.

There are tons of things that are much better in today's life when compared to a generation ago.

Everything always changes, but it's usually that some things get better and others get worse. On average, though, we're still on an upward slope, if you ask me.
Ask HN: Recommendations on books and docs on tech companies/people? (Repost)
Came across this amazing thread from a few years ago: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=17204467

And wanted to ask again to hear people's latest recommendations! I've read a number of the recommendations and found them fascinating.
that school shooter is rich af, and as much as everyone hates them, can lever that over the whole school.
US Army adds cognitive test to track new soldier brain health
Assuming 8 billion people in the world, your estimate predicts 4 million people in the world being digital nomads. I think that's at least an order of magnitude too high, but that's no more than a gut feeling.
I think your Reddit score should count towards it.
Political support for violence vs. diplomacy is certainly affecting investor returns in the weapons, fuel & logistics sector. Such 'bullets, oil & blood' portfolios (BOBs?) are likely to profit:

https://www.cnbc.com/2023/12/01/op-ed-war-is-a-good-time-for...

> "Continuing wars in Ukraine and Israel and Gaza, along with various simmering geopolitical hotspots around the world, could mean increased revenues for U.S. defense contractors, enhancing the allure of stocks in the aerospace and defense category."

However, the long-term problem in relying on military sales and LNG exports tu Europe for economic health is that these are not very productive activities, e.g. building a construction crane is going to have more positive downstream economic effects than building a tank will, as you can use it for infrastructure development, etc. This kind of behavior reflects investment capitalism's boom-bust cycle - a focus on short-term returns results in poor long-term planning, such as ending up in a permanent war situation out of economic necessity, which has never ended well in history.

Meanwhile, China's investment in high-speed rail and photovoltaics has made it the world leader in those sectors, so many countries will be turning to China for engineering & development work in the near future. Their state/private mixed socialism/capitalism model might also get new followers - it's demonstrably more stable and productive.
That CPU or battery puck for Apple Vision Pro, Magic Leap, and some others is a real killjoy. It makes it certain you won't be using fitness apps.
It is not. Your partner is discounted abd kids go free.
Map projections are fun but have limited relevance in the age of computers. Almost all on-screen interactive maps should use perspective projection, the only intuitive projection. (I feel like people dismiss perspective projection as not a "real" map projection, but it most definitely is.) If you need to judge relative sizes or distances or draw straight lines or whatever other things you might want from a map projection, software tools can help you do it more easily and more accurately.
> why is virtual reality associated with small screens and head tracking?

...because that's what it is? surely you understand that the difference between 3D, near-eye displays and traditional 2D screens warrants a different label
I have once performed citizen's arrest — I would not recommend doing this unless you want to visit the courthouse multiple times (as a witness, hopefully).
https://github.com/ROCm/ROCm/issues/2754

Wow and I thought that the latest generation of GPUs was better.
tldr: sprinkled a keyword around in the hopes that it "does something" to speed things up, tested it, got noisy results but no miraculous speedup.

I started skimming this article after a while, because it seemed to be going into the weeds of performance comparison without ever backing up to look at what the change might be doing. Which meant that I couldn't tell if I was going to be looking at the usual random noise of performance testing or something real.

For `final`, I'd want to at least see if it changing the generated code by replacing indirect vtable calls with direct or inlined calls. It might be that the compiler is already figuring it out and the keyword isn't doing anything. It might be that the compiler is changing code, but the target address was already well-predicted and it's perturbing code layout enough that it gets slower (or faster). There could be something interesting here, but I can't tell without at least a little assembly output (or perhaps a relevant portion of some intermediate representation, not that I would know which one to look at).

If it's not changing anything, then perhaps there could be an interesting investigation into the variance of performance testing in this scenario. If it's changing something, then there could be an interesting investigation into when that makes things faster vs slower. As it is, I can't tell what I should be looking for.
At the level that LLVM's LTO operates, no information about classes or objects is left, so LLVM itself can't really devirtualize C++ methods in most cases
> Increased past-day coffee consumption is driven by consumers ages 25+. The greatest increase is among consumers 60+, whose past-day consumption increased by 9% (from 67% to 73%). Consumers aged 25–39 and 40–59 both saw consumption rise by 4.5% (from 67% to 70% and from 66% to 69%, respectively). Consumption by 18–24-year-olds held steady at 47%.

This surprised me. I'd have thought that since, according to countless headlines, younger generations are drinking less alcohol that they'd be offsetting that with consumption of more coffee.
Me considering playing Aurora at work as long as I stay away from the map screen.
Ask HN: Is your Facebook feed chock full of AI images of mutilated children?
Because mine is.

Seriously. Promoted post after promoted post of nightmarish images of children with missing limbs or boils, usually Indian looking. The even more bizarre thing is that in every single one they are holding up a sign that says “Today is my birthday”.

Each has 100k+ likes and hearts and thousands of comments mostly saying “happy birthday”.

Are other people experiencing this AI apocalypse of their FB account?
> I don't know where to look to confirm that can current computers do 1 billion MIPS (Million Instructions per Second?) as predicted by this article?

An RTX 4090 has AI compute of up to 661 teraflops in FP16[1]. FLOPS and IPS are not interchangeable, but just for fun, that's 6.6 * 10^14 FLOPS, which is just short of 1 billion million (10^15).

1. https://www.tomshardware.com/features/nvidia-ada-lovelace-an...
Lolita: A tagless, dependently typed, self-aware programming language
Reminds me of when I was younger and creating games in whatever tools I could get my hands on. Made some hover-mouse maze games in PowerPoint
MongoDB change data capture: An in-depth guide
I think people should be able to tinker with internal combustion engines as well.
They are selling plenty of games. The issue though is that the Meta Quest consumer is cheap and would rather buy an MQ2 at a discount than an MQ3.
DDR5 has a 16n prefetch, so a single transfer from a 32-wide channel moves 64 bytes.
Competition doesn't do much when all production everywhere is already taken in preorders. It'll only change when there is surplus production.
I find that experts and enthusiasts are usually willing to spend more than the average person, but they often avoid products with high margins and are hard to convince with marketing. An e-bike expert won't buy a janky fire-hazard Alibaba white-label battery, but is also unlikely to buy a luxury brand with proprietary components.
Wow, 41 for the Navy. Just looked it up and they bumped it in 2022. Thats insane. Looking at the article it must have had a previous bump or my memory isn't recalling right. When I enlisted in 2012, the age limit was 32-ish with 35 for returning prior enlisted. I couldn't imagine being 40 and being almost 20 years older than other recruits. [1]

[1] https://www.navytimes.com/news/your-navy/2022/11/07/facing-d...
Never heard of them. Anything particularly interesting about this acquisition; they do many?
If we had lightweight reality augmenting glasses (as in not much more than a pair of reading glasses), I’d have that in a heartbeat depending on use.

But yeah, I’d personally not want much beyond that.

Of course, to each their own.
if you search for "prototype board for esp32" or "breadboard for esp32" you can find the same board the author used. You can also find ones with strips for each esp32 pin, instead of just a via and pad. And you can find solderless versions where the connections push in vertically (typically white with five holes connected perpendicular to the "valley" that a DIP chip would insert). And you can find "breakout boards" with sockets for the esp32 and pin headers and screw terminals for each pin.
> But why is virtual reality associated with small screens and head tracking?

Because this improves the quality of VR.

> Why wasn't Everquest on a CRT "virtual reality"?

It is an extremely limited form of VR.

> why isn't all that "artificial intelligence"?

It is an extremely limited form of AI.

> Why isn't my Subaru's cruise control and lane keeping technology "autopilot" or "self driving"?

It is an extremely limited form of "self driving". (To be more precise, it's Level 1 self autonomy.)

> Why isn't the elevator controller an "agent"

It is an extremely limited form of an agent.

> Why aren't my own servers "clouds"?

They are extremely limited forms of a cloud. (Though I would argue that a cloud needs to be provided by a third party.)

> I don't need the terminology explained, I'm just tired of it.

It sounds like you are refusing to understand how experiences fall somewhere on a spectrum. Is me and my friend tossing a ball around in my backyard "baseball"? What if we get 7 more friends and stand on a diamond and run around the bases? If I come back afterwards and say "we played baseball", even though it wasn't an MLB-regulated official game adjudicated by umpires, are you going to get really upset at me and say that I'm lying and I didn't really play "baseball"? The same principle applies to everything else you've listed here.
Yeah, I'm still using an 11 Pro. The phone works great, fills all my needs, and I've seen no compelling upgrade reason. $15/mo for service from Mint helps too, I'm no longer seeing a $70/mo bill and thinking that I should be "getting more for my money".

Now that I think about it, it feels exactly like it felt when I paid off my first car. The phone even cost nearly as much as that beater cost me in my youth.
We had a shorted phone battery go off into our workshop. It wasn't fun and we had to evacuate and vent the place for an hour. The smoke is awful. It's best to have a metal bucket of water and a metal shovel to throw the thing inside the bucket and take it outdoors. Easy outdoor access is needed. Using other non igniting chemistries like LiFePo shall mitigate the dangers. LiIon/Poly is too dangerous, to the point that it will get banned as soon as there is a safer replacement.
It is, but the mockups weren't too special. Multiple other students did something similar.
But if "each 4-8 person team continues to act if they are an independent businesses", then (by definition) these small teams act on the market.

Why would they prefer the closed market over the global free market?

On the global free market they are not constrained to 8 employees, they can have 9 or more.
I've collated a list of AI conferences happening during Jan-Jun 2024 across the globe. Hope this is helpful: https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/15jyJP1TbuWenzBD0OahZ...
the article covered that.

> Another approach is adding a receipt-scanning gate at self-checkout areas, which Safeway has done at multiple locations in California, in addition to shutting down self-checkout entirely in some stores.
> AI isn’t going anywhere, that’s for sure. The rapid rate of technical development seen throughout 2023, evident in this report, shows that AI will only keep evolving and closing the gap between humans and technology.

Reminds me of the rapid rate of technical development seen in so many projects in the past that pushed people to conclude that "it evidently will keep evolving and closing the gap" (one example: the Tesla autopilot?). Yet they didn't.

Are AIs getting better at calling bullshit on those extrapolations?
But he is in Canada. The wages suck, real estate is insane, taxes are high.
I agree that Github has rights to parse any uploaded code, and any code with a license that would allow a human to study and learn from it does, in my opinion, also allow a machine to study and learn from it.

Granted, the machine has to learn to not directly plagiarize in the same manner humans are not allowed to when they use acquired knowledge - unless the license allows it of course - but the act of studying material that is allowed to be read cannot be considered harmful.
Its Android with a VR quick action bar and app launcher grid. You can select an immersive skybox "desktop" or a use passthrough. There's not much to show seeing as the passthrough is still fairly new. There are no built in 3d widgets or anything atm so there's really not much to show besides apps.

Anyway, this seems like a licensing deal announcement, not a big software release.
I think gamification is a reflection of the whole edutainment push in the mid nineties which puts a leaderboard on the whole, "collect all the gold stars" that was popular in the mid 80s.
I wonder if there is a limit to this strategy? How many LLMs would it have taken Epstein to release for HN to forgive him?
"inline" is confusing in C++, as it is not really about inlining. Its purpose is to allow multiple definitions of the same function. It is useful when you have a function defined in a header file, because if included in several source files, it will be present in multiple object files, and without "inline" the linker will complain of multiple definitions.

It is also an optimization hint, but AFAIK, modern compiler ignore it.
> Increasingly, however, a solid way of living is becoming out of reach as many are drowning in insecurity since the pandemic. Millennials and Gen Zs in particular cannot afford to buy homes and in many cities struggle to afford rent. In response, consumers are reevaluating their “solid” aspirations and turning toward

Suggestion: "... an end to billionaires".
Ask HN: How to Translate Your App?
Hi, I have a SaaS software that needs to be translated in +5 languages. Do you have experience in building and maintaining translation files?

We don't know if in 2024 we need to keep the translation in the source code, use translation software(like Weglot), or build something custom.

What's your experience?
> I sure hope you're happy with exactly 3 2d apps (all equally sized) lined up in a row in a fixed location, because that's all you're getting.

To be fair that is all I really want. Regardless, its still a privacy nightmare which makes it a no-go for me, combined with the fact that the most powerful ("productivity") app I can expect to run on it would be something like excel which makes me not really need anymore than 1 window, at which point its no better than a regular laptop.

I'm waiting for the Simula One, or maybe XReal Air support for linux

EDIT: To be clear, the kind of apps I'd want to be running (what I run on my regular laptop) that I doubt would be available on Meta OS include things like: Godot, Blender, VSCode, terminal windows, probably a bunch of other stuff but those are the main ones
Ah, we have separate bike lanes on the major streets where cars are allowed 50 km/h, but on the streets where we don't have them the speed is limited to 30 km/h either by law or by congestion.
whats to stop people from tampering with the cart, then?
What I find incredible about the progress of computing power is that there isn't anything that actually makes Moore's law a given. Engineers keep discovering advances in materials science and manufacturing that enable advancements on such a consistent pace. Is this a fluke? Luck? What enables this?
I don't think it's in the same way. I see "we licensed some software to ASUS, Lenovo and Microsoft (and may license to others - serious inquiries only)", not "we are releasing something under a free software license".
I don't know how many actually did it. But a lot of the ATC Navy I knew planned that after their service they would just go civilian side. So I imagine it is substantial. Although, there is no telling, at least anecdotally from my experience how many actually follow through, or did 10 years of ATC in the Navy and decided to say 'screw that.'
Which should be administered to all candidates for public office as well.
Hey, the original Myst was made in HyperCard!
Email search is poor. It's not important enough to me to switch, but it's almost surprising when a search returns the emails I'm looking for.

Calendar is too separate from email, especially in the apps. I can't accept invites from other services, or if I do, they don't show up in Calendar. I forget, because I gave up on using it within days.

Pass is terrific, so far. Transition to it was easy- much better than some commercial offerings that have been around a lot longer. Password generation options are top notch.
How many cycles could this actually save? I would assume the latency to actually get data from DDR is only a small part of the whole round-trip in a L1 miss. Actual savings much smaller than 30%.
How to freeze a memory: putting worms on ice stops them forgetting
They take publicly accessible code and learn to predict good token strings from it to solve related or unrelated problems. I am not convinced this is not morally right.

What they are not doing, as far as I can tell, at least not intentionally, is just copying code and removing the license and attribution. Even if you don't see the AI output as legitimately "creative", it's certainly transforming and remixing existing solutions in ways that are transformative enough not to be just copies of anything except the most bog standard boilerplate, which is usually not a copyright issue.

People seem upset because there is money to be made, if there was no money involved I don't think anyone would see any issue here.

It's not about the greater good, and I don't mean to be an apologist, but I just legitimately don't see a problem with doing it, or how it's not fair use. It really does seem like fair use to me.
Depends on what you do with dug out oil instead of making plastic. If you do almost anything else it's worse than making plastic and landfilling it neatly at the end of useful life.
What's the cost/benefit of developing and using these robots? If it's just to make our lives easier, I'd put that in the Cost category, as well, because we will use up resources in our free time, too, and there are a lot of us.
This is what I was waiting for too. Especially with the large regression on Clang/Ubuntu. Maybe he uncovered a Clang/LLVM codegen bug, but you’d need to compare the generated assembly to know.
> Grapes stand perfectly drought and sunny conditions. The plant is famous for growing where no other crops would.

Grapes cannot resist any weather conditions, obviously. Otherwise there would be grapes growing anywhere in the planet [1]

> I wouldn't discard other raisins for that layoff.

Which ones you think and why should they be distorting the reality when they could be applying the layoff only based on financial results? [2]

[1] https://phys.org/news/2021-09-uphill-spain-wine-growers-clim...

[2] https://www.eleconomista.es/retail-consumo/noticias/12780583...
Ah! Ok, thanks for the reply!
If your runtime environment has dynamic linking, then the LTO pass can't always be sure that a subclass won't be introduced later that overrides the method.
Not really as the canal is overfull so anyone in shipping has incentive to see if they can make this work for some shipments now.
Where VR shines, in my opinion, is in fitness. Where the goal is ultimately to move around in a gamified way. That's effectively how I use my Quest 2 and I'm not alone. Recently I've been trying to increase my table tennis skills.