skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
That's arguably a lot better than the British ones:

- They give an safe, alternative action, which might not be obvious to some people.

- They state the authority by which the fine is issued (too small to read fully from the photograph, but something like "...Regulation 2003"). Interestingly, a historical railway sign preserved at Beamish has the name of the officer by whose authority the fine would have been issued at that time[1].

- The fine is given as 'up to' the maximum. As I understand it, the British fine is only £1000 if it can be proved that the violation was made wilfully, and non-wilful trespassing is usually (perhaps always?) only subject to a fine if done subsequent to having received a warning.

[1]: https://www.deviantart.com/rlkitterman/art/NER-Public-Warnin...
There was User Experience (UX) and then Developer Experience (DX). Now there could be Robot Experience (RX). I wonder which of the same principles would apply.
> so it's not really comparable to giving employees a raise

Employees can (and most often are) paid in those company shares as well, so no difference.
Don't buy a car that can't manually go into neutral. Ever.
I'm also with you! Just wanted to share my experience in case it helps as a data point.

Gates, Jobs, and Zuck all famously dropped out of college of course.

It's an interesting and tricky social dynamic matching within and between these somewhat distinct groups.
There are tons of international startups in YC including many successful ones. And YC has well over a decade of experience helping international founders navigate all the barriers including visa issues. Don't let this stop you!

Edit: I want to emphasize this. Being an international founder is not an obstacle for getting into YC. Hundreds of founders have done it, from all over the world. Probably thousands at this point.
Almost everything you said is correct. Photons do not have a reference frame, so time does not advance because for a photon there is no time coordinate system in the first place. It's not simply that photons don't experience time, it's that time and space don't exist for photons.

>They cannot change between emission and absorption, no matter the distance.

From the point of view of a photon, neither time or space exist. They have no reference frame at all. However, from an outside frame of reference that is travelling less than the speed of light, photons do change for example they get red shifted as they move through stronger gravitational fields.
Can you demonstrate that there is not an attribution in the Intel Management Engine documentation? ;)

Sneaky or not, that's the license Tanenbaum chose, and he has to live with it. Same deal here.

Anyway no, tanenbaum isn't mad, per-se, or at least not at intel. He's sniping back at Linus Kernel (remember the Torvalds-Tanenbaum debates? it was a thing) about how he was right after all about minix being the most-widely used OS in the world. It's not anger, it's gloating - it's not even really a letter that's meant for Intel at all.

https://www.cs.vu.nl/~ast/intel/

And again, that is the point of the entire BSD/MIT vs GPL debate - which went completely over Tanenbaum's head. BSD/MIT provides maximum freedom to the developer... sometimes including the freedom to deny freedoms to the user. He is critiquing Intel (obliquely) for doing the specific thing that makes this license desirable to these customers, and the specific thing Torvalds argued against.

Like it's a gloat, but about how his OS is more popular, but it also backhandedly shows why Linus Kernel was right. And the same is true here. Want attribution? Choose a license that requires it.
I find it really problematic that the "classic first program" in this book includes "import std;" as the very first line, and as far as I know not a single compiler with the possible exception of MSVC supports that out of the box.

Writing this on a debian machine, and trying "g++ --std=c++23 -fmodules-ts" does not work, and from https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/23 looks like the "paper" for this is P2465R3, for which clang++ 17 has "partial support". I apt installed clang++17, and it still didn't work, complaining "module 'std' not found"

I understand that "import std;" is a very new feature and not "finalized" or whatever, but this book is supposed to be for beginners to C++; I wonder how the average beginner would react to that?

(I found the same thing a year or two ago when reading "Tour of C++")
Not the person you’re replying too, but:

Foundational models (GPT-4, Llama 3 etc) effectively compress “some” human knowledge into its neural network weights so that it can generate outputs from inputs.

However, obviously it can’t compress ALL human knowledge for obvious time and cost reasons, but also on the basis that not all knowledge is publicly available (it’s either personal information such as your medical records or otherwise proprietary).

So we build Retrieval Augmented Gen AI, where we retrieve additional knowledge that the model wouldn’t know about to help answer the query.

We found early on the LLMs are very effective at in-context learning (look at 1-shot, few-shot learning) and so if you can include the right reference material and/or private information, the foundational models can demonstrate that they’ve “learnt” something and answer far more effectively.

The challenge is how do you the right content to pass to the foundational model? One very effective way is to use vector search, which basically means:

Pass your query to an embedding model, get a vector back. Then use that vector to perform a cosine-similarity search on all of the private data you have, that you’ve previously also generated an embedding vector for.

The closest vectors are likely to be the most similar (and relevant) if the embedding model is able to generate very different vectors for sources that superficially, seemingly related topics but are actually very very different.

A good embedding model returns very different vectors for “University” and “Universe” but similar for “University” and “College”
Others have brought up good points about why this is a weak example.

Anyways, do you think ADL should be defined by its loose association with genocidal extremists like Itamar Ben-Gvir? Because that's the level of guilt-by-association that you are recommending here.
It probably feels like bait and switch for the folks that created or used lots of open source in the time period where there was less opportunity/temptation to move the license from GPL/BSD/MIT to something proprietary. In our minds, we attached some altruistic intent to those licenses. Things have changed now, of course.
Bigtreetech Previews Upgraded SBC and Computer Module Featuring Rockchip RK3566
Eventually a blimp
I'm prepared to change my stance on the matter the moment someone produces evidence that suggests other manufacturers have had instances of on-the-fly changes made on their production lines.
Those sample might be hard to process on the current form of Callisto. The instrument is priced at $125k. Your per sample cost comes down to $20 - $100 depending on the workflow.

For several workflows Volta provides reagents as well. So that will be your all in cost essentially.
Bookish, yeah, the look has aged well.

My intuition was that there are more overly-confident types who think they want to be a founder rather than those not confident enough to do it, but after reading some comments here maybe my intuition was off. Then there's people like me who became a founder out of survival lol I'm a founder whether or not I want to be, need a cohort for that! xD

Thanks for sharing the motivating insights!
Check out https://github.com/recursion-computing/starcel-panda3D for bleeding edge, but not refactored to be pythonic, Python OS development.
This is my biggest worry. I'd like to get some help building my stupid golf wiki (which I actually think is an extremely profitable long-term venture), but I'm desperately trying to build something that is good for golf, which is a space notoriously saturated with bad actors. I'm honestly even considering going in a not-for-profit direction eventually, so the idea of applying for a bit of VC money honestly hard to square, but the connections would be what's valuable.
> Language, rather than math, is often a superior modelling tool for domains where our understanding is inherently fuzzy due to uncertainty caused by a structural lack of data.

I'll reinterpret your comment charitably: given the current state of how well mathematics is understood, it may well be more effective to use language to reach people. Once someone "checks out" the effort at persuasion has failed. Our culture's lack of mathematical and logical fluency is a weakness.

But not all language follows the patterns of rationality, which are formalized with logic and quantified with mathematics. Both have mechanisms for dealing with uncertainty that are far superior to language.

I'm not discounting the power of language as a highly-compressed form of information exchange. But when we want to communicate rationality in a compressed way with language, we very often fool ourselves.
This is some absolutely crazy idea. I mean I'm in no position to analyze it critically but that is pretty mind blowing.
>But why do bigger models perform better?

No one really knows the answer to this question.

>Arguably because there's a larger state space that can be used to remember more contexts, which helps with both generalization and case-specific processing.

What I'm trying to say is that both models in either scenario are very over-parameterized and under-trained.

You say the answer is extra space ?
The smaller model has not used anywhere near the space it has. They both have extra space.

It's like arguing a bigger drum is better because of extra space when all the water you plan to store will not take even half of your smaller drum
I’d also go as far as saying most of the value added to these open core projects is contributed by employees of the companies themselves. The fact that they do it out in the open with the possibility of someone else forking it is a plus, we shouldn’t want this to be solely proprietary. Hashicorp paid for a lot Terraform’s development for instance. Microsoft is paying top computer scientists to develop an editor
YC's in the business of high-growth startups. You don't have to know how to build a high-growth startup—YC partners are experts in teaching and helping founders to do that. But if you're sure you don't want a high-growth startup, that might mean it's not a good fit.

However, your question is trickier than it seems because so many major startups begin as 'toy' or 'niche': https://paulgraham.com/altair.html. If you make something people want, there are often ways for it to grow—and perhaps grow big—that aren't obvious at first. The Airbnb founders stuck for a long time with their 'airbed' idea before making the obvious-in-retrospect (but not at the time) leap to a much larger market.
Hi Dash!

The system uses a disposable plastic consumable that gets replaced after each run.

In terms of design trade offs, its not just a electrowetting system. It employs complex magnetic manipulation, thermal controls and other forms of sample manipulation. We had to work under these constraints.
The protocol would have to handle binding the network to the transport. MPTCP and SCTP both handle that via registering and un-register network layer endpoints. This parallel universe TCP would be the same in that regard.

(I did say I was oversimplifying...
okay so 419 is now psychedelic and 420 is weed. We are in for a long weekend.
~8GB RAM for a quantized version of 8B
Useless? I don't think so.
What about TOR, VPN and Proxy?
I'll take that as a "no". What would you recommend?
We can’t predict the weather more than 14 days into the future.

It seems like the opposite to me, it’s a no-brainer that predicting what will happen to an immensely complex system, and making all these assumptions about what will occur 50-100 years from now is going to be hotly debated.
The oil lobby pays the right wing, Musk does not. So they demonize Tesla and EVs and the left has joined them since a few years, to my disgust.

I used to be a die hard liberal, I only lately realized that liberal media and many liberals don't care two hoots about climate change. I used to defend them all the time. They've been publishing hit pieces and even fake news about Tesla just because they don't like Musk. They lost the moral high ground about fake news. Those are heavily upvoted on liberal social media like HN and Reddit. I don't like what Musk has been doing lately but I do care about the environment and don't hate Tesla and SpaceX like people on here. I was going to buy an EV even at a price premium but now I don't care. I'll buy a gas guzzler like the rest.

I am too old for climate change to affect me and it turns out the young ones don't care enough about it themselves. I used to be very liberal but seeing how Tesla is maligned on HN and Reddit changed me. I don't think I will vote red but I will never vote blue from now on. And then more liberals will wonder why the vote is so close come November.
My first internship was at a law firm just putting in their first Novell LAN. At my first real job, I put in the firm's first network, Novell of course. I was pleasantly surprised by how good the Novell network drivers were in Windows 95, indicating Microsoft knew where the enterprise market was.

I left a couple of years later when it was obvious the firm was going to move toward Windows NT for networking. It wasn't that I had anything against NT; the firm I went to work for already had NT in place. I just wanted to avoid the pain of converting 200+ users from one networking OS to another!
Rejected nine times.
> Saying consciousness is the result of quantum effects in microtubules explains nothing -- it is just a very tiny rug which one could imagine is hiding the truth, as all the larger scale hiding places have been inspected and found lacking.

It also doesn't conflict with physicalism. I think he's trying to argue that consciousness would need more than you can do with a classical computer, but it doesn't seem to imply that. Classical computers are made of hardware components that rely on quantum effects to work, but that doesn't make them "quantum computers".
Mind explaining a bit further for those who aren’t familiar with iGoogle?
An old project I worked on was badly bitten by using Quill. IMO the issue is that they didn't vet the limitations of the editor well enough compared to the project's requirements but the way the documents went on about the extensibility of the library did feel like it was going to cause harm.

It's a great library provided you stick with its limitations (ie nothing too complicated with nested content). A "Why You Should NOT Use Quill?" type section on the website would probably go a long way
From your own link:

> In general, you can expect the lifespan of an EV's battery pack to be at least 10 years or 100,000 miles. Most will go much longer and further if you treat them right.

So I get what you're saying but when you're going to drive a car that will spend most of its life under your care at >100k miles the calculus gets a little different. And I really get the impression on HN that people are just unaware of how many people are driving old high mileage cars. My friends who would self describe as upper-middle class are driving a 2012 Impreza and a 2014 Civic.
Update: builds have finally been going through.
Per-game skins in the Delta classic video game emulator for iOS
$0.59 input, $0.79 output (https://wow.groq.com/)
What’s the acceptance rate, 1%, most with cofounders? So if you’re making a video by yourself it’s like 1/500 ?

Seems like a better use of time making a video and filling out the app once you have above average team and traction.
>In most parts of the country as built drawings are unusual for residential property anyway.

I was doing large transmission pipelines (i.e. NPS 24 to NPS 56), so I can't speak to residential, but I wouldn't be surprised if there was less attention paid to as-built drawings when the cost of damage/replacement wasn't in the millions of dollars.
> lower socioeconomic classes effectively have their time stolen

Personally I find the words “stolen” and “theft” is usually just political signalling when applied to time. The metaphor has some sense, but so does pirating as theft of copyrighted movies…

One significant waste of our precious “resource” is often paid for in money regardless of our socioeconomic status - the 40 hours doing shit we wouldn’t do if we didn’t get paid for it - and then often using the money to win regretful prizes. Capitalism deeply sucks but it sucks less than some other things humans have tried.

a huge amount of wasted time in wealthy countries is under our control: the classic example of TV. Or working harder to buy a bigger house we don’t really need. My poorer friends choose to waste their time as much as my richer friends do.
> why does open source need to "win"

Open source does not need to win.

But your ability to be in control of your computer needs to be preserved (restored?). A proprietary fridge cannot control your diet, while a proprietary App Store can control what software you install on YOUR phone (unless you live in EU, hello DMA!). The tail wagging the dog, so to speak. Proprietary software has also been shown to break user workflows or remove functions in an update while leaving users with no choice whatsoever.

One alternative to having open source win is to ensure software comes with a robust warranty and other assurances you expect from the things you buy (like the ability to resell it etc.). EU's CRA will make software vulnerabilities in WiFi routers covered by warranty, for example. But that's just a first step.

You can also ensure robust and interoperable data storage options. For example, https://obsidian.md/ stores all notes in Markdown, not holding the data hostage in case users will not like how future versions will work. GDPR actually has a provision for data portability (Art. 20), but it does not seem to have a requisite effect on the industry yet.

And until the above issues are solved, open source remains the best way to ensure that a software tail cannot be wagging your computer dog.
OpenSSF and OpenJS Issue Alert for Takeovers of Open Source Projects
NB: Title shortened from original "Open Source Security (OpenSSF) and OpenJS Foundations Issue Alert for Social Engineering Takeovers of Open Source Projects" to fit HN length guidelines.
>Customers will use 18A to dip their toes in the Intel waters with less critical chips that are not core to their business

Yeah...how many customers will use the most advanced tech for "less critical chips". The real question is not whether Intel's tech works...it's if they can mass produce it efficiently. 7nm worked just fine on a chip by chip basis...but they struggled for years on getting the yield and output to place where customers would want it.
Help us invent CSS&#160;Grid&#160;Level&#160;3, a.k.a. "Masonry" layout
Some of the best engineers are the ones not nitpicking on PRs. They are able to discern that the vast majority of issues are not worth nitpicking on.
The Schneier post is largely based on this original source, which was submitted to HN several days ago w/o much traction:

<https://openjsf.org/blog/openssf-openjs-alert-social-enginee...>

(I'm resubmitting it.)
What if everything were written in C? Or Python? Or Java?

We'd have massive consistency across the software industry and yet that would be an absolutely terrible idea.
How to Make a CPU [video]
Actively bombing people, as Israel is doing, is far more than intimidation. In my view they're committing a genocide. But how does this make the other not intimidation? If you weren't implying that the other doesn't qualify as intimidation, then your comment makes zero sense.
Older model S cars have horrible intermittent wipers.

Turn them on, and invariably slow intermittent, becomes slow continuous, becomes annoying fast continuous. Really really just needed manual intermittent.
> - Ban exception propagation altogether: in Kotlin, wrap the computation in 'runCatching' to get a Result<T>; or in Java, use result4j [1] which provides similar functionality.

‘runCatching’ was never intended for user code. It was made for internal use in coroutines machinery and when community complained they made it public. But it is still a half-baked API that is better to avoid (catching CancellationException, doesn’t compose well in general).

The whole runCatching/billions of Result<T> copies are worse than Go’s “if err !=“.

Unless JetBrains rolls out language support for something like Rust’s Result, exceptions are superior and Kotlin community would better off embracing them instead of trying to be different for the sake of being different.

https://web.mit.edu/rust-lang_v1.25/arch/amd64_ubuntu1404/sh...
I'm pretty shocked with this. I grew up in the UK during this time and the trust in doctors was absolute. We were all plebs and were told what to do, no questions. We all complied. Yes sir, no sir, three bags full sir.

As someone who previously trusted "people of science" and the scientific method, I've come to realize that my assumptions were misplaced. The shenanigans of the COVID period, government censorship etc.

I find it exceeding hard to trust anyone is competent in anything. The overpriced general contractor that take shortcuts and have to pay someone else to redo work, medical people that prescribe medication/procedures based on a script (e.g. prescriptions of Ozempic).

I tend to go down the path of treating people respectfully and then quite rapidly, it goes down to they just start saying stuff that doesn't make sense (logically) and just want me to accept it.

This sounds ridiculous but FFS. My tech/analytical, data-driven approach to solve problems seems to be a better model that anyone I deal with.

Hopefully it's not Occam's razor that AITA.
strtok() is like a hot art student, smoking a cigarette. I think I've got to it once.
Unfortunately the rust game engine idea (as much as it kills me to say this) is a perfect example of not YC material. Every VC, whether early stage or late stage, must fund companies that have a chance of growing by 5% every week. It’s remarkably hard to start anything that can maintain that growth. https://paulgraham.com/growth.html is worth internalizing.

But there’s a second caveat here: YC invests in people, not in ideas. From pg himself: https://www.ycombinator.com/blog/the-reddits

> Their idea was bad though. And since we thought then that we were funding ideas rather than founders, we rejected them. But we felt bad about it. Jessica was sad that we'd rejected the muffins. And it seemed wrong to me to turn down the people we'd been inspired to start YC to fund.

So it might be worth applying with a particularly bad idea. Or at least it used to be; I have no idea whether YC ever encourages strong founders with a bad idea to re-apply with a better one, or if you get any feedback from the partners that they almost accepted you but rejected because of the idea. (One of my neat memories as a 19yo is getting a thoughtful email from pg saying we almost made it to the interview with an idea that was essentially “blackboard sucks; make better school software," but the biggest factors against us were my age and the fact that selling to schools was about as hard as selling to governments back in 2008.)
And then 4/20... and that's just a coincidence?

It's enough to make one a bit paranoid even without partaking.

Edit: I just went and re ordered Albert Hofman's book LSD my problem child. Its been a long time but I remember it as being informative!
Discussion:[0](65 points, 3 days ago, 25 comments)

[0]: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=40059892
tesla also has floor mat issues (that it has tried to cover up)
I think it's a good time to Apple open its closed garden to allow sideloading.

It's 2024 and people should have the right to use their device as they would like to.

Any sort of restriction is a censorship too. Doesn't matter if it comes from governments or companies.