skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
I think it is because it requires significant cooperation. And by significant, I mean size, not the actual amount of action required by an individual.

This is an interesting problem to me and seems to be quite a prolific issue. I think it is because everyone feels like they are a tiny meaningless cog in a giant machine. But this confuses me. Even tiny cogs play an important role. Even if your function is redundant, that redundancy is built in for a reason. I hear the common sentiment "you're replaceable" and I think people take this to be "perfectly" fungible. But you may be a replaceable worker, but that also doesn't mean replacing you is easy. They usually gotta look for someone new, pay them more, and then train them (this is why I'm also really confused why companies won't increase existing workers' salaries against new hires. Because your current workers likely have significantly more utility than a new worker. You lose money by doing this. Not to mention essentially give away your work practices to competitors, weirdly leveling the playing field).

But it infuriates me when there are things that are universally hated, have relatively easy solutions, AND no one does anything. Be it a boss/manager who just says no to pressing a button that enables functionality where all the work has already been done and tested. Or simply voting in a new politician when everyone hates the current one. Or how 1 in 4 Americans dislike both Trump and Biden. How the early primary states will not even use their advantage to push towards a different candidate because we're playing this stupid game of chicken where people act like the primaries aren't actually the BEST time to vote or signal for a different candidate. I just don't get it...

And I've always been a fan of government directly participating in the market. (Even though I generally like weaker/smaller governments.) They can set a baseline. Gov is always participating, regardless, since they do regulations and all that, so I don't buy those arguments. But there are many more things becoming natural monopolies as advantage is provided by scale. A government actor essentially is able to set pseudo regulations by participating. USPS helps make FedEx and UPS better, but now they get so many cuts that UPS uses them as last mile deliverers despite operating in the region. Still, USPS ensures mail gets to people who would otherwise not be able to even get mail. I don't see why we don't have similar services from broadband and telecommunications. They are essential services these days. Plus, it would create a lot of good quality jobs as not only those people needed to maintain the systems but even all the contractors to do the initial buildouts.
https://www.windowscentral.com/hardware/computers-desktops/n... :

> "The reason why we took [NVLink] out was because we needed the we needed the I/Os for something else, and so, so we use the I/O area to cram in as much as much AI processing as we could," Huang confirmed and explained of NVLink's absence.

> For gamers, creators, and workstation users who want a multi-GPU setup with the latest RTX 4000 series, Nvidia is switching from NVLink as a bridge to the PCIe Gen 5 standard.

PCIe 5.0 x32 supports 128GB/s.

"PCIe 7.0 Draft 0.5 Spec: 512 GB/s over PCIe x16 On Track For 2025"
https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=39933959

> The HBM3E [RAM] Wikipedia article says 1.2TB/s (2024) https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=39938652

"Fiber-optic data transfer speeds hit a rapid 301 Tbps" (2024-03)
https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=39864107

HPE Cray Slingshot is a copper Ethernet HPC interconnect: https://www.nextplatform.com/2022/01/31/crays-slingshot-inte... ... "HPE Slingshot Makes The GPUs Do Control Plane Compute" https://www.nextplatform.com/2022/08/15/hpe-slingshot-makes-... :

> Here’s the gist. With normal GPU aware MPI software, inside the node the GPU vendors – the only two that matter today are Nvidia and AMD – have their own mechanisms for doing peer-to-peer communications between the GPUs – in this case NVLink and Infinity Fabric. For MPI data exchanges between GPUs located in different nodes, which is often required for running large simulations and models as well as for large AI training runs, MPI data movement is done through Remote Direct Memory Access methods, pioneered with InfiniBand adapters decades ago, which allow for the transfer of data between a GPU and a network interface card without the interaction of the host CPU’s network stack. [...]

> In a [recent paper], HPE showed off the new MPI offload method, making the distinction between the typical MPI communication that is GPU aware versus the stream triggered method that is GPU stream aware.

"Exploring GPU Stream-Aware Message Passing
using Triggered Operations" (2022) https://arxiv.org/abs/2208.04817
https://scholar.google.com/scholar?cites=1354761056738606744...
* Wired ethernet is now usually slower than my 802.11. 802.11ax is 0.5-10Gbps in theory, and in practice, faster than gigabit ethernet.

* Fiber seems... overpriced. I'm not quite sure why. USB TOSlink is $3 on Aliexpress, as is the cable, so there's nothing fundamentally expensive there, except for being enterprisey. A lot more interconnect would make sense to have as optical.

* Wifi is increasing in speed. Wifi 8 is planned to hit 100Gbps. That's where the investment seems to be going.
it says in their docs that they recommend Vite https://vitejs.dev/

it goes like this.

1. you create a repo folder, you cd into it.

2. you create a client template using vite which can be plain typescript, or uses frameworks such as react or vue, at https://vitejs.dev/guide/

3. you cd in that client directory, you npm install, then you npm run dev, it should show you that it works at localhost:5173

4. you follow the instructions on your url, you do npm install @web3modal/wagmi @wagmi/core @wagmi/connectors viem

5. you follow the further instructions.

> It seems like this is for npm or yarn to pull from a remote repository maintained by @wagmi for instance. But then what?

you install the wagmi modules, then you import them in your js code, those code can run upon being loaded or upon user actions such as button clicks

> Do I just symlink to the node_modules directory somehow? Use browserify? Or these days I'd use webpack or whatever the cool kids are using these days?

no need for those. browserify is old school way of transpiling commonjs modules into browser-compatible modules. webpack is similar. vite replaces both webpack and browserify. vite also uses esbuild and swc under the hood which replaces babel.

> I totally get how node package management works ... for NODE. But all these client-side JS projects these days have docs that are clearly for the client-side but the ES2015 module examples they show seem to leave out all instructions for how to actually get the files there, as if it's obvious.

pretty much similar actually. except on client-side, you have src and dist folders. when you run "npm run build" vite will compile the src dir into dist dir. the outputs are the static files that you can serve with any http server such as npx serve, or caddy, or anything really.

> What gives? And finally, what exactly does "browserify" do these days, since I think Node supports both ES modules and and CJS modules? I also see sometimes UMD universal modules

vite supports both ecmascript modules and commonjs modules. but these days you'll just want to stick with ecmascript which makes your code consistently use import and export syntax, and you get the extra benefit of it working well with your vscode intellisense.

> In short, I'm a bit confused how to use package management properly with browsers in 2024: https://modern-web.dev/guides/going-buildless/es-modules/

if people want plain js there is unpkg.com and esm.sh way, but the vite route is the best for you as it's recommended and tested by the providers of your modules.

> And finally, if you answer this, can you spare a word about typescript? Do we still need to use Babel and Webpack together to transpile it to JS, and minify and tree-shake, or what?

I recommend typescript, as it gives you better type-safety and better intellisense, but it really depends. If you're new to it, it can slow you down at first. But as your project grows you'll eventually see the value of it. In vite there are options to scaffold your project in pure js or ts.
Earthquakes may not be primary driver of glacial lake outburst floods
What sort of qualifications? 99th percentile talent in subjects like organic chemistry, which are actually not used by 99% of doctors in the real world? Willingness to work themselves so long and hard that their judgement is usually substantially impaired?

And does the (my impression) widespread support for oh-so-rigorous qualifications for doctors reflect any real-world data about actual resulting quality of patient care? Or is it a way for prospective patients to vocalize a bunch of anxieties and emotions about medical care, plus a way for the doctors who've had to endure such treatment to say "all the noobs should have to suffer as much as I did"?
The combined education and experience needs to be the equivalent of a 4-year U.S. bachelor's degree and 3 years of professional experience count as 1 year of bachelor's degree education so 2 years of university education would require 6 years of professional experience.
There’s a number huge flaws in all that logic.

Comparing Palo Alto circa 1960 to Palo Alto circa 2020 is frankly bizarre. But if we’re using that logic why stop at 1960? Coulda had that land for almost nothing in 1700, so there was infinite inflation from 1700 to 1960! Gasp!

But what’s the result if we look at the price of a compute that a 1960 worker could buy vs a 2020 person? Let’s see a modern household has the equivalent to a very large number of 1960 mainframe computers, looks like their buying power has gone up infinitely!

Or lots in prime La neighborhoods, super affordable in 1860! That means people have lost so much purchasing power because they’re hard to afford now!
Well almost certainly never know but I’d love to know why the CRV was stopped there in that configuration.

Why not turn on hazards? Had it been there long at all? Did the electrical system fail or something preventing the hazards/brake lights/etc?
What would this person be doing for your company?
Not to distract from your point, but you mean topography, not topology.
This is exactly it, thanks!
Yeah the moderation is absolutely atrocious these days. I got flagged for quoting the IMF a few weeks ago lmao.
Perhaps so, but also, "Nvidia competitor suggests Nvidia should have done something that makes it easier to compete against them..." isn't exactly the revelation.
Lots of applied NLP tasks used to require paying annotators to compile a golden dataset and then train an efficient model on the dataset.

Now, if cost is little concern you can use zero shot prompting on an inefficient model. If cost is a concern, you can use GPT4 to create your golden dataset way faster and cheaper than human annotations, and then train your more efficient model.

Some example NLP tasks could be classifiers, sentiment, extracting data from documents. But I’d be curious which areas of NLP __weren’t__ disrupted by LLMs.
But I guess if they were taken from there and dropped somewhere in the northern hemisphere they would fail?
EC2s are provisioned with Terraform or if you want to bypass that, click-ops. Nothing custom is needed. You can define a small shell script that is known as userdata that runs when the EC2 boots. That's standard and used everywhere that EC2s are used.

If you want more customization - again not necessary - you can build via Packer. The thing is, you have to do that anyways with Docker or whatever your container runtime happens to be. Docker images need patches as well if you install dependencies like openssl, libpql, etc.

ArgoCD - ArgoCD is great but it's something that has to be separate managed and comes with a database, UI layer, etc. and it's own set of permissions. The whole point of ArgoCD is to have deployments specifically around GitOps for container-based applications. Unnecessary if you don't have K8s.

Load balancers are simpler with ALBs and route directly to the auto-scaling groups. Traeffik is something that you need to manage. Also, K8s typically requires the use of external load balancers to work in the cloud as it is which means there's a layer of complexity that was introduced. Typically, K8s through the External Load Balancer Controller will provision the LB and attach targets. So it adds complexity. Traeffik isn't free, you are paying for the compute in your cluster which has the overhead of the control plane.

Let's Encrypt is another layer of complexity that has to be managed. AWS has ACM which can dynamically create and renew your certifications without you having to do anything.

K8s as a cluster needs to be managed and introduces significant breaking API changes across minor versions (1.23-1.24, etc.). Postgres managed as a stateful application also breaks some of the benefits of K8s in that it needs to be managed as a StatefulSet rather than as a ReplicaSet which means you likely need different deployment mechanisms to avoid destroying it accidentally.

Ironically, this architecture doesn't need any customizations at all. You can provision it with a few modules in Terraform or you can click ops the entire thing. K8s on the other hand, requires pretty constant attention. You've now introduced the management of the cluster, the building of the image, management of ArgoCD, Traeffik as well as external load balancers.

Basically:
- Route53 for domain management

- ACM for cert management

- EC2s for LBs

- ASGs to manage EC2s

- Small shell script within userdata to configure the host vm

- RDS if you need a database

Avoiding the operational and actual costs of K8s.

I think that there are compelling reasons to use K8s:

- Lots of smaller services that need to interface with each other

- Product is deployed to multiple clouds or in a hybrid setting

- Infrastructure team has deep expertise in K8s
Okay, I was not quite sure if you were criticizing, rebuting, or what. Thanks for clarifying.
Wouldn't this partly be a sign of markets deciding what wait time is worth it? For non-emergency surgery, like cataracts or knee replaces cited in the data, people can live with the conditions. It looks like wait times are consistent, meaning the backup isn't growing steadily over time. I'm pretty sure that would mean different populations just have a different threshold for how long they're willing to wait. If it was a consistent imbalance between the number of surgeries needed and the medical capacity I would expect to see wait times grow over time.
That's right, selecting consular notification rather than change of status on the I-129 form can defer for a long while the start of H-1B status.
You can set up a home lab, in many places it is legal if you spend the money to set up a proper lab and register with local regulators.

But chemistry is very dangerous. You have to properly dispose of waste. Many precursors to drugs are poisonous, flammable, carcinogenic, or even explosive. Even trained chemists have lab accidents. Many chemists over a certain age are blind or deaf on one side.

You know who builds DIY chemical reactors? People cooking meth. It doesn't end well.
It's a bit of a strange article. It's kind a obvious that in the case where prices of different goods/services increase by different amounts, there is not a single metric that would reflect the price increase. Also it is clear if we're trying to make some kind of weighted mean, the weights will differ for different groups of people, reflecting different consuptions.

So depending on what we want to measure we'd chose different weights. If say for low income population interest rates play a bigger role (i.e. due credit card debt), than that may have significant weight.
You still have to buy the game, but other people may choose not to if they become aware that the player base is infested with cheaters. If it was a single-player game this would likely never have been an issue.
It’s not unavoidable. But it’s a black car stopped without lights in the middle of a freeway at night. It’s just a matter of time if no one intervenes (e.g. cops with flashing lights drawing attention).
Yes, a TN would allow for this.
Yes because something that will literally kill you if there aren’t standards is analogous to net neutrality.

But even if it were, it’s #199542 why HN commenters don’t understand what a “monopoly” is and why utilities that require physical infrastructure which are natural monopolies aren’t the same as cellular where there are three healthy competitors.
How would you even have the storage room for a video. Not doubting, but just crazy to think for me. It probably must be some very deeply compressed video that gets reconstructed from objects from the internal structure somehow and then perhaps constructed runtime, meaning it won't be the same everytime.
I like the aesthetic of BSDs in general, and what is nice about OpenBSD in particular is that it is opinionated, but the opinions are mostly on point.

Documentation is comprehensive, and configuration can be completely derived by reading man pages. The defaults are reasonable, and the documentation is useful for tweaking things.

Both pledge and unveil have made certain third party applications like Chrome significantly safer.

The OS is small and performs well on older hardware. I use it on my "throw away" travel laptop with full disk encryption backed by a USB key that I keep separate from the laptop when it is not in my immediate possession.

I also ported my personal website to OpenBSD. I use a variation of BCHS (https://learnbchs.org/) for dynamic content. I've tweaked this framework to use serialization barriers and LMDB instead of SQLite. I can use both pledge and unveil along with some DJB style application decomposition to get reasonable defense in depth while keeping the code easy enough for a newbie to understand.

Is it better than operating system X? Probably not, but really, that's not the point. It's small, well put together, well documented, and safe enough.

I run FreeBSD on my development server, mainly so I can take advantage of ZFS and better virtualization support. But, many of the virtual machines I run on my dev server are OpenBSD based.
1) these static built once and super glue in place are antithesis of the LEGO movie, I just find that amusing

2) these are barely LEGO constructs and much more click together models — there are so many custom pieces specific to this one design. It’s not like you start with 10k grey rectangular blocks and end with a millenium falcon — though I believe that was how old LEGO statues at the parks were built?
> "In practice, the amount of actual words that have the same first letter as the second letter is minuscule."

In the enable1.txt wordlist of 172,823 English words, there are 126 starting with a double letter, and those are largely the variations of oohs, aahs, oomphs, oozes, aardvarks, eels, eerinesses, and oodles of oocytes, oolites, oophytes and oologists near oomiaks.
This is a new explainer by pannenkoek2012, the video game researcher best known for his discussion of "parallel universes" in Super Mario 64. He rarely publishes for general audiences these days, and the description says this video took him 10 months to make.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pannenkoek2012 https://knowyourmeme.com/memes/05x-a-presses-but-first-we-ne...
For some reason that video's genius reminds me this, https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=b6LKNTJN3Ug
i like this take. people like being heard, but people don't like putting in the time to really weigh on things, let alone being accountable.
I guess they are taking example from the LLMs.. I would call it censorship though
In disagreeing with the phrase "traitorous slavers" used as a pejorative, you've decided to nitpick the less-important part.
> people stop using Facebook in that condition.

You've failed to understand the example. Nobody would have to change ISPs to use Facebook because Facebook paid off the ISPs for some form of exclusivity. It is Facebook's competitors who would struggle wity user acquisition because not only do you have to convince users to change ISPs to use your competing platform, but you have to convince all your frienda and family to switch too if you wanna be able to call them.

> It sounds completely unrealistic

You are incredibly naive then. This sort of thing regularly happens all around the you. Kickbacks, exclusivity and companies colluding for competitive advantage is commonplace, not unrealistic.
> Today Palo Alto, Menlo Park, and other super zips are exclusively [A slight exaggeration] $500k incomes and up. In the 1960 census records you will find these good neighborhoods occupied with plumbers, painters and other blue collar workers.

This was unfortunately a deliberate consequence of the dot com boom, not something that happened in previous tech booms. Until around 2000 Palo Alto actually had a lower median income than some surrounding towns due to a policy of promoting section 8 housing, some SRO residences for the homeless etc. Those prior booms didn't suck in as many outsiders and mostly were nerds making fun tech (think of the mac). NYT amusingly published an article were they said how weird the SV was because people who drove mercedes cars still shopped at Costco rather than at "proper" shops appropriate to their "station".

Dot com sucked in a bunch of people who came only for the money ("I'm starting a company -- need a tech cofounder" is the complete opposite of those days when it was "I'm starting a company -- we're big enough that we need some business people"). Then we started to have fancy restaurants and pretentiously-named magazines about how to spend your money.

And then in 2000 the real estate people got control of the city council. The SROs were turned into boutique hotels and the city was re-organzied for the lucky.

PA used to be a town where the Grateful Dead, Jefferson Airplane, and the like got started. Harold and Maude was (partially) filmed here. But such things are now inconceivable.
> If you consider it to refer to the supply chain attack, well, OpenBSD is too minor a platform for anyone to consider it worthwhile trying to invest in the long supply chain attack for the OS.

I agree that OpenBSD is a minor sized target, but I recall these bits from back in the day.

EDIT: accusations from ~2010 about actions ~2000

"FBI accused of planting backdoor in OpenBSD IPSEC stack" [0]

"A Chapter from the FBI's History with OpenBSD and an OpenSSH Vuln (twitter.com/rooneymcnibnug) 127 points by signa11 on July 21, 2019" | 23 comments [1]

"Theo de Raadt summarizes the OpenBSD IPSec "backdoor" situation"[2]

and HN discussion "36 points by there on Dec 21, 2010 | 47 comments [3]

[0] https://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2010/12/fbi-a...

[1] https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=20489904

[2] http://marc.info/?l=openbsd-tech&m=129296046123471&w=2

[3] https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=2029175
Please don't cross into name-calling or personal attack, no matter how bad another comment is or you feel it is.

https://news.ycombinator.com/newsguidelines.html
How much of your $9.99 does a content creator actually receive? I much prefer to block ads, and donate or buy merch from the creators who I follow with intention. I reckon that the $20 or so that they receive directly vastly outweighs the amount they would get from ads or a Premium sub, even after several years of dedicated viewership.
Please don't cross into name-calling, no matter how bad another comment is or you feel it is.

Your post would be fine with just the second sentence.

https://news.ycombinator.com/newsguidelines.html
China is giving Russia significant support to expand weapons manufacturing