skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
That isn't sufficient justification to force these tools into things that require some strict determinism. We've already seen cases of companies being forced to compensate users because their fancy AI toy was unpredictable and gave a user incorrect information: https://www.theguardian.com/world/2024/feb/16/air-canada-cha...

That was only customer service with little harm done, hammering these kinds of tools into medicine, defense or law is going to risk even worse consequences, and I fully expect people drawing false equivalences between animal intelligence and current generation AI will just attempt to dodge responsibility for their reprehensible decisions when they inevitably cause losses of life.

Lowering the stakes a bunch and coming back down to say, apps, if I have to talk to my phone to get it to do stuff that I used to just be able to do without having to hold a conversation with it, it'd be a clear downgrade. The reason Google Assistant and Siri on phones remained mostly just gimmicks is that it's just faster to search for something or enter an appointment manually than to ask for it to schedule it when you have a physical interface in your hand already. Forcing things like that might work out in the short term for our tech oligopolies, but it's only going to further increase the push for breaking them up.

As an example, I presented on the current state of LLMs to a group of non-techies at my workplace about how we could leverage LLMs to enhance our productivity, and the discussion with others who had tried them also concluded that they were simply too unpredictable to trust for anything where a human isn't immediately checking the output.

I fully expect that all these irresponsible false equivalencies will lead to software, and especially AI usage, being heavily regulated in the same way that construction or flight is.
> The performance regression is __not__ big. It's lucky Andres caught it at all. It's also not necessarily all that simple to remove it. It's not simply a bug in a loop or some such. If I was the xz team I'd have enough faith in all the work that was done to give it high odds that they'd get there before discovery. That they'd have time; months, even.

True in the contents of sshd logins it isn't that big, but ~500ms to get from _start() to main() isn't small either, compared to the normal cost of that phase of library startup. Their problem was that the sshd daemon fork+exec's itself to handle a connection, so they had to redo a lot of the work for each connection.

I suspect they started off with much smaller overhead and then it increased gradually, with every feature they added, just like it happens with many software projects. Here's the number of symbols being looked that a reversing effort has documented:
https://github.com/smx-smx/xzre/blame/ff3ba18a39bad272ff628b...
https://github.com/smx-smx/xzre/blob/ff3ba18a39bad272ff628bb...

Afaict all of this happens before there's any indication of the attacker's keys being presented - that's not visible to the fork+exec'd sshd until a lot later.

They needed to some of the work before main(), to redirect RSA_public_decrypt(). That'd have been some measurable overhead, but not close to 500ms. The rest of the startup could have been deferred until after RSA_public_decrypt() was presented with something looking like their key as part of the ssh certificate.
great idea! thAnks!
No C# environment?
>I'm not talking about just criminal negligence

But that was the topic of the discussion. Actually, the context was gross negligence rather then mere negligence, let alone just ordinary mistakes.
Too far away anyway.

We need to focus on solar and wind power, or we’re screwed.
It's odd how terrible these manufacturers are at security. Making hardware and firmware isn't exactly trivial yet security 101...nope
Please don't jump to conclusions. I would really encourage you to not respond If you do not understand how long term relationship and trust are built in tech or any other business.

Please don't be a troll.
Trudeau Unveils $1.8B Plan to Boost AI Sector in Canada
Ignoring the inconvenient real details, in favor of an imagined model without them. Classic surveillance industry!

Yeah, my uncle had a small herd of cows and they all had names.
> If this is proven to be a criminal act

So who committed the crime?

The exec who wanted to save money? Saving money is the prime directive. Why is it his fault that he was given bad advice by his engineers about it?

Did the engineers commit the crime? Does your computer software have no bugs in it? Arn't the testers and inspectors supposed to give the proper feedback?

Did the testers and inspectors commit the crime? Well, some of those testers and inspectors worked for Boeing, some worked for the FAA--and some worked for the people who bought the airplanes. If there was a serious problem, surely some of them would have spoken up...

Exactly who was the criminal? Who is guilty of "criminal neglect?"
I don't think it is bad at all. In my day, going to a community college/junior college was seen as a bad thing as in you didn't get into a university. As an adult, I think that was absolutely an image pushed by the universities. The same classes are offered at a fraction of the cost. If it is a choice between not going to college because of university cost, the same two year degree is available for a fraction of the price. I try to remove this stigma from any college bound age students that will let a boomer offer an opinion.

That stigma was even more severe towards trade schools, but I think this is also an egregious label. It's like class warfare bad. Some people just want to know how to do a job to have a career. There is nothing wrong with that, and no shame should be attached in any way. In fact, I wish the concept of apprenticeships were still a thing. There are many very experienced workers that could give very good training to less experienced worker following their trade. I worked with a colorist that had 30+ years experience that had knowledge that is no longer taught but still relevant. I would never go to a school for that skill, but the experience was available and it gave me many more skills than I would have gotten otherwise.
According to everyone who is giving any numbers at all. The IDF also cites these same numbers.
Ossification. The same thing happens with laws and regulations. It moves the knowledge and activity from one of expertise and judgement to a ruleset. Changing a ruleset is hard because you have to play within the bounds of the other rules (which may include rules for changing rules).

The expertise in the ruleset also falls away over time as people become increasingly reliant on the software system. Eventually the software becomes the definition of the rules, and any changes to the rules have to be changes that someone today can figure out how to implement. If they can't implement it, the rules can't change.

Then you get a big-bang rewrite because everyone is frustrated (or they move to SAP, and are frustrated for other reasons). The rewrite neglects a bunch of edge cases already accounted for in the old system, it takes a decade to finally retire the old system (hopefully), and then in another decade they repeat the process because the expertise is, again, lost.
Fractal functions are pure, but don’t lend themselves well to memoization nor lookup tables.
Nothing gets sent to the cloud, everything is in your browser in IndexedDB. If you go to Inspect>Application>IndexedDB in the storage section you'll see exactly what gets saved and where
This looks great! However, a pet peeve of mine that I always share with my students is that ER diagrams do not have foreign keys. ER diagrams represent relationships with a diamond connected by lines to the related entities. It looks like what this is producing is not really an ER diagram.
> ("Insolvenzverschleppung" - the punishments are a little draconic)

The concept of declaring bankruptcy is well known in most western jurisdiction, as is the criminal practice of delaying bankruptcy. Believe it or not, in most of the developed world you can't just have a company go tits up and expect to go out of there scot-free.

> Durchgriffshaftung

I've never heard of this concept before, but from what I can gather it's a rarely applied legal practice that's defined by case law (case law is is pretty rare to encounter in Germany) and it essentially just sounds like what happens in the case of gross neglience / large scale fraud.
yep, this or as json
Yes, like many refactorings, rewriting a function as an immutable class with a method is not always a win. It depends on how you want to group a function’s parameters, whether that grouping has an intuitive name, and whether you might want to write other methods that take the same initial parameters. Sometimes grouping parameters using a record type is better, though you don’t get the nice syntax.

If currying isn’t built-in, you can emulate it. In TypeScript you need to do it explicitly, which means anticipating that it will be used, and whenever I try that, I later decide that it’s needlessly obscure and rewrite the code some other way.

Even with built-in currying, you still need to anticipate usage by changing the order of the parameters, based on which ones you expect the callers to have first. It’s less general than writing an inline function with exactly the parameters you need. TypeScript has nice syntax for defining tiny, one-off functions and I think that’s better than having currying.

One side-effect of having currying in a language is that it discourages naming things, and I think that’s often bad for readability. A chain of method calls gives you a lot of names to look up and a place to put documentation.
Yeah, I suppose that's true so long as your preconition of equity being more than the difference of mortgage+downpayment minus what you would have paid in rent.

For $1k rent vs $40k downpayment + a nice total monthly payment on a house of 1800, in 10 years rent would be 120-130k and home ownership 250k+. In 20yrs, a home would cost you 470k+ and assuming rent goes up by 500 in 10 yrs then by year 20, renting costs you 300k. Assuming repairs and maintenance don't cost over 100k in 10 yrs and 170k in 20 years, your equity is solid. But simply leaving that extra 800 mortgage cost (vs rent) in your bank with no interest gets you 92k in 10 yrs and 196k in 20 years.

The home equity according to my quick napkin math at best gets you 10kish more in 10 years and will be 20k+ less than savings in 20 years. Rent is unpredictable but so are insurance rates, natural disasters, the city/neighborhood driving down home prices for random reasons,etc...the element of risk is non-negligible.

Money invested or saved is also equity. Planning 20+ years ahead is crazy to me as well unless you have kids. To me, housing is not equity or investment. It is shelter and if the quality of live benefit near term is better or long term for kids would be better then it is worth it for that alone. The whole homes are equity thing is a scam to make people even more addicted to mortgage. People should be able to save and buy a house cash, that should be the norm and investing in houses should be illegal.
> Why then didn't we lower the speed limit to 45?

Great question. Why didn't we? How many people are you willing to kill to be able to drive at 65mph instead of 45 mph??
They mean it allows you to not point out who did the merge.

If the PR introduced a BUG or was a bad choice to merge it, you might not want to use an active form, because then you have to say who did it (for example, in a report), to protect them, or to not appear like you're pointing fingers. The passive voice allows you to state the fact that the commit was merged, without mentioning anybody.

"John/Jil merged the pull request"

vs

"The pull request was merged" - you can chose whether you want to include "by John/Jil" or not.
The point is that the parents who are paying for their kids to go to these schools have already put aside the money in a 529 or other account, and if their kids get admitted, there is no question of cost to put their kids a step ahead. Given this, exclusive universities know that they can charge prices that are relatively extreme, as they don't have any financial, moral or legal obligation to not do so. The question of cost compared to earnings that you raised is immaterial for these students, as the students will bear none of the cost.
I don't mean to be snarky in any way. I think this is actually great development.

But isn't this just good old inversion of control, modularity with maybe some inspiration from Functional Programming. Or even more generally, good Software architecture and engineering?

Anyway, I'm very happy to see this, the more code is architected this way, the better for all our industry.
Actually, PCI Compliance is largely a solved problem. Use something like https://verygoodsecurity.com and wrap the proxy around Lago and your self hosting will qualify you for the easiest PCI compliance tier.

(Disclosure: I founded Very Good Security & was the CEO for 8 years).
I honestly don't know, but the fact that they give updates for 10 years is impressive compared to everyone else.

I bought one in fall 2012 and it got the DSM 7.0 update on 2022 or 2023; even though the UI is really really slow, it gives me a lot of confidence that they know what they're doing.
And the same is happening for AI. It’s destined to blow up spectacularly down the road.
The "9 interviews" quote irks me so badly: you're telling me that a modern company can have a "bad hire" actually causing any damage? What are code reviews, retros, and standups for?

I think current tech interviews (with unpaid take home exercises, live coding, tech quizzes, etc.), are just a really inefficient and ironically lazy way to decide who to hire.

A company could temp-hire 3 different people (anyone who applied and could talk about their past projects), pay them for 1 month and you evaluate them then. At the end of the month, you decide who to keep.

You might fail to pick a great candidate or maybe not but at least you give people a fair chance to get assessed in the job and not on a little dance everyone needs to do just to get into the door, which just wastes everyone's time.

That also allows the candidate to show how they truly are, both skills, learning a new workflow and culturally. Right now, it's just a matter of performance and luck.

/rant
> I'd gladly throw my credit card at it

https://github.com/maharmstone/btrfs?tab=readme-ov-file#dona...
It's probably not about avoiding extra instructions/performance, but making the range of the result more useful and avoiding overflow. Or in other words, the entire instruction may be useless if you don't do these things.
I'd be the first one to read about that and share it :)

And thank you, I'll try to set it up for one of our projects and see what happens!
> It must put limited liability out of reach of so many people.

That's the entire point. The concept that any idiot can start an LLC with no
collateral (which the 25k are) is completely, absolutely, mind bogglingly bonkers to us Germans. Sounds like a scam imo.
>LLMs can't do anything reliable AFIK

Are you speaking just out of anecdotal experiences? Try something simple like +1 to an integer. Or swapping an ascii character. Neural nets are layers of function approximations, and plenty of those weights were trained beyond the precision needed to map the entire set of syntactically correct inputs to the correct output, for a given well-written traditional function. Remember to set the temperature to 0 (deterministic). Of course, as you ask more complex things you quickly dip below the threshold of perfection. But to say they can't do anything reliably isn't true.
Or camelCASE really.
Why did that need limited liability though? In Germany you'd just become an entrepreneur with a simpler company type without limited liability.
So the system is self correcting after favoring academia for high pay? Let's see what happens but this sounds like it's going to improve some things for a change.
Right.

$54 million?

Yeah, no.

I bet you could go to Lowes or Home Depot and get the necessary materials for a couple of thousand bucks at most, and probably get the installation done for maybe $5k (or say $10k given the insane prices in NYC).

Then hire a few guys at (being generous) $100k a year to open and close the gates manually when the train reached the station and had stopped completely. Say 10 guys, so a million bucks a year.

At the quoted $54 million you could fund this low-tech setup for 54 years.
I'll look into it, thanks for the suggestion
I own a Gakken GMC-4 microcomputer, which appears to be a remake of the FX-System. It's a fun little 4-bit computer with a hex keypad for input. For output, there's 7 LEDs, 1 7 segment digit lcd, and a speaker.

It has 16 instructions, one of which is an escape code to a further 16 built-in IO routines. It has 96 4-bit words of actual memory plus some memory mapped registers. Loads and stores can only target the data segment, the top 16 words in memory; it has one 4-bit wide index register that allows indexed access as well.

It's a fun challenge to do something interesting in that constrained environment, but since there's no non-volatile storage of any kind, you have to tediously key in (admittedly necessarily short) programs each time it's powered up.
But then how do you know who’s actually learning?
Thank you, I have but I think I could improve it a lot. I'll put it to my reading list, thanks Jamie!
He addresses this in the tweet comments (it's the most common comment) and says it holds true even with byte (letter) level tokenization.
So you sold all your apple products last week?
They had a full downtime after all.
I personally gave up on e-ink and moved to an iPad mini. My Kobo could not handle large textbooks and pdf’s and would frequently crash or not render diagrams. Zero regrets since switching to the iPad.
It might be tough, but even 25 years ago, my worst case (in Norway) to get a US bank account was to find one that'd let me have the paperwork notarized at the US consulate. The next step up in difficulty was flying to the US and open it in person. It still limits your choice, but last time I was involved in it it was easier (we found a bank that had a branch in the country my then cofounder was in)
oh, I am getting an

> Something went wrong! Try reloading the page. If the problem persists, please update your web browser to the latest version.

error?
As explained in the article, if you don't have 25k€ of capital, then you open an Einzelunternehmen (sole proprietorship), not a GmbH (LLC). It's a much simpler process.
There aren’t that many. Some electronics devices (stimulators) and a particular model of stapes implant. There are some old aneurysm clips and heart valves too, but I’ve never encounter them and the patients may not be alive anymore.

Tricky inplants can usually be scanned in the right conditions (setup, hardware and people).

There are low field magnets coming along that that will improve access further, though the testing of various implants will take time.

I’m an MR tech.
Given the domination of Germany and France in EU, thank the universe it didn't.

Signed, a citizen of an EU state where you can create a company by digitally signing one form and paying the equivalent of $300.
First of all the demand is not infinite. (It might be ludicrously huge, let's say 300 million people want to live next to Central Park with a view, but it's perfectly tractable numerically. And of course we see the prices on billionaire's row, but we also know that as new comparable units are put on the market prices fall. Microeconomics works! See the linked studies here for data and the derived models https://www.noahpinion.blog/p/market-rate-housing-will-make-... )

Second, the current problem is that there's a huge amount of pent-up demand, people want to live in cities (because that's where the jobs are, and statistically also a few of their friends/acquaintances too), but even cities reached the sprawl limit and they would need to increase density, but boomers are having none of that.
We can name these hypothetical objects Recursive Neural Networks.
Books on Lock Picking
Right - it is a meaningless expectation (I used the word intuition), although I'm not sure that probabilistic outputs is the issue here. It's really the fact that without short-term memory it's difficult to keep track of what you are doing (flipping back and forth between rules and problem being worked on, figure out the rule pair prefix in the string, etc). A combination of step-by-step output (pseudo memory) and hoping the model will attend to that is best you can do, but it's not enough in many cases.

Best measure of how far these models are from AGI, is what is architecturally missing (I'd say more than just scaffolding), although that also depends on how you define both AGI and intelligence itself. Still, I think examples like this are indicative of where we are right now - the model can neither do, nor be taught to do, the task, nor realize that it has failed (and then learn from the mistake). There is a lot missing.
Hard disagree. High level executives are ultimately responsible for everything that happens, and must suffer the consequences - I really want to see C-levels regularly being sent to jail for the crimes comitted by the companies they led - but the low-level employees that actually performed the dangerous/illegal/immoral acts aren't magically innocent because someone higher up ordered them so ("just following orders" is not a valid defence).

Example at Boeing: the CEO and all related high level execs that fostered a culture of bean counting and cutting corners to save costs are guilty and liable for deaths. The actual people that designed a deadly system, those who approved it; similarly, those that forgot to put in bolts holding critical stuff together... they are guilty too. They knowingly endangered human lives.
Not sure if its a sufficient explanation, but I like what I've heard from Cal Newport about this. More and more self-service IT systems were able to replace a lot of jobs. But the result is that now you are responsible for doing things via IT systems that were previously outsourced to somebody else. E.g., you're booking your own travel instead of using a travel agent. In some sense, things are more efficient because we don't need travel agents. But also, things are less efficient because now you just have to do this task yourself. Do this across dozens or hundreds of discretely tasks and fields, and you end up with a society where everybody is doing everything themselves in a web browser instead of having some expert or professional to do it for them. So less individual time and focus is spent on your own area of expertise, and more is spent trying to figure out any number of confusing IT systems built to replace a "less efficient" human system.
We use PM2 in a docker container since we got a memory leak and PM2 has a memory limiter option that allows us to kill and restart a process when it uses too much memory. If we let it grow the response time starts to drop due to GC taking longer and longer.
Aaaaand it’s gone.
7-year-old raises nearly $10k for mother's headstone with lemonade stand
Cool! I can see I probably used your library one place or another in one of my many torrents usages :P
Tesla kind of cheats to get those numbers, since they don't do model years. If you did that with other cars, the model Y wouldn't come close.
Mixing these would be pretty cool. Further reduced compute for MoE while keeping the performance.
And conversely, short domains like Google’s own g.co are less secure!