skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
I can definitely clarify that further, but to restate it, there are new sources and new technologies that can allow us to meet the requirements for the transition.

For example, the Salton Sea contains enough lithium dissolved in brines underground to provide lithium to transition 100% of the USA car and truck fleet to electric (18 million metric tons of lithium carbonate = 375 million car batteries).

And they are able to tap this "unconventional resource" in a way that doesn't require the massive pools of evaporating waters like in the Atacama desert using a technology called "direct lithium extraction (DLE).". And guess what, they can all so it while generated geothermal heat :) That is a better process, that has positive co-products.

There is no shortage of lithium... and rare earths aren't rare, just dirty to process. Copper and graphite are the few transition resources that might be in a shortage, but when prices go up, so too does innovation, and we are seeing that with the production of synthetic graphite.

With nickel, the current global production is 3 million tonnes per annum (MTPA). Our minerals are 0.333% nickel, which is well below that ~1.3% that is normally required to make economic sense to extract from. Our mineral source has never been used for nickel to date (making it unconventional).

For our olivine minerals around 1 tonne has to be weathered to remove 1 tonne of carbon dioxide, which liberates produces 0.333% tonnes of nickel. We need to weather 300 tonnes of olivine for 1 tonne of nickel.

The proposed deep sea nodules in the article only have 1% nickel so you need 100 tonnes of them brought to the surface and then refined to get the nickel. For us the plants essentially do the major refining up from the 0.333% to 1%-2.5%, and are then processed to a bi-ore that is 15%-30% nickel, some of the richest nickel ore on the planet.

Carbon dioxide removal needs to be at gigatonne scale, so in pursuit of carbon removal, if we were weathering 1 gigatonne of olivine per year, we would produce 3 megatonnes of nickel as a "by-product." This means we would match the total global production today, while doing carbon removal our main objective...

And we have secured multiple gigatonnes of olivine already, and are not limited by this or land use. Humanity currently mines 30-50 billion tonnes of sand today and farms on the order of billions of hectares of acres, though for us today, we are focused on using natural serpentine soils.

Is that helpful for you?

https://www.energy.gov/eere/articles/us-department-energy-an...
https://blogs.gwu.edu/wagnerm/welcome/research/graphite_synt...
https://www.reuters.com/graphics/GLOBAL-ENVIRONMENT/SAND/ygd...
https://ourworldindata.org/land-use
https://www.fao.org/sustainability/news/detail/en/c/1274219/
Many many applications.

But cheap highspeed trains (floating on magnetic fields) come to mind as a means of easy transporation around the world.
I had talked to a dev who worked on one of the Fable games and he mentioned that he was only alloted x amount of the total memory available on the 360 which surprised me, since I was primarily a PC gamer I didnt think about how little memory the console had.

Fun reminder that we got to the moon on significantly less memory.
DNS is where the web would have been if browsers basically didn't force websites to support HTTPS.

The reasoning is that DNS is not important enough to go through the trouble of deploying DNSSEC. These days TLS is often cited as the reason DNSSEC is not needed.

At the same time we see a lot of interest in techniques to prevent cache poisoning and other spoofing attacks. Suddenly in those cases DNS is important.

If all DNS client software would drop UDP source port randomization and randomized IDs, then lots of people would be very upset. Because DNS security was more important than claimed.

DNS cookies are also an interesting case. They can stop most cache poisoning attacks. But from the google article, big DNS authoritatives do not deploy them.
The UK is in Europe and it is easy to found an LLC. In the UK for example, there is no capital requirement at all. That's a lot les than 25k€.
Yes, if some kings didn’t need the labor of their serfs, they would be gone in an instant. Middle class workers only have it so good now because the ruling class is strictly dependent on them for their empires. Once that goes out the window, we won’t be kept around in our positions of privilege since our labor has no value.

I imagine it looks like a transition of the middle class to the lower class (with some going to a higher class with specialized technology roles as class traitors), and then the lower class, having had their labor invalidated, being put on UBI and being sucked like cattle by corporations, eroding their rights and sovereignty. With social media addiction, rampant disinformation, newer generations won’t even have the faculties to conceptualize their fate and resist. I also don’t think unrest could ever reach a boiling point in the US with how addicted, misinformed, and manipulated most of the population is.

Eventually, we see a complete unification of the wealthy with the state and we transition back into serfdom. People trapped in debt, dependent on the state for sustenance, except this time the state has no dependence on their labor. What happens next is your choice of dystopian horror fiction.
When you have hundreds of millions of people in a country, there's a lot of companies being opened on a daily basis, and the time wasted on bureaucracy quickly adds up to a dent in overall national productivity.
I moved from the UK to Germany in 1996 and back then the banking & payment was just sooo backwards. Some stores were incredibly anachronistic (Lerche springs to mind - since closed down)

Sorry to hear it's still the same.
For some historical antecedents...

Kent Beck and Erich Gamma in discussing JUnit in early 2000's proposed "pattern density" as a measure of a good object-oriented design.

But pattern density was criticized as embrittling. Because the same component was participating in multiple patterns, the component became impossible to change.

For perhaps these reasons, they removed the Composite and Command patterns from JUnit 4.
Why should minds be put in jails? Why should we segregate into like-minded and undesirables?

We're better than this.

I grew up with [x views, y political party], but because the early internet was open and accepting and not at all like this, I was able to see the broader world and wholly new perspectives. Now the bias is to shit on, shame, and block everyone. That's not going to build a better society.

The internet pioneers would be aghast at all of the "happy little" censorship happening today.

I've been banned from several subreddits for leaving comments in subreddits the moderators dislike. Removed completely by automation. They don't even realize my comments weren't in support of their favorite issue to hate on.

Censorship is wrong. Put blinders on your own feed all day long if you so choose, but stop trying to put cages on other people's minds and voices.
Tangential question for third-country nationals in Berlin (like me right now): Does the Berlin immigration office readily give EU Blue Cards to people in that arrangement, or do they say it's really a form of self-employment because you own the company you're working for? And do the public health insurance funds treat this as employment or self-employment for purposes of qualifying for public health insurance, for people who don't yet have that?

Of course, the immigration question wouldn't matter for other immigration situations like holding German or EU citizenship, German permanent residence or EU long-term permanent residence, family reunification permits, or anyone who actually gets explicit approval to be self-employed. And the health insurance question wouldn't matter for people switching from employment (with public health insurance) to self-employment.
Really cool to see other attempts at historically understanding Warsaw Pact and fUSSR tech industries.

Every other treatment I've ever seen for describing the Soviet computing and internet development has always just been a lazy "well it wasn't innovative like silicon valley" which, while not necessarily wrong, sounds more like awkward and insecure attempt at justifying our own processes, and also isn't all that descriptive or useful.

This isn't surprising because we still have a very heavy Cold War stink on history to do with the USSR and just continue to discover we were wrong about certain aspects of that experiment or didnt quite fully understand it without heavy ideological bias.
Any game developer could have told them early on that Kinect was next-to-useless, despite the technology being interesting.

Even operating simple menus was problematic. You could point, but had no buttons to click. It was never going to work beyond a few niche cases (dance games and simple minigames).
Evil staging and gauntlet programs, tools to increase your software reliability
What you do find in your country, just search it up on Distiller.com or the mobile app so you can compare the rating to the price as a rough ballpark.
It's not clear to me!
Edit: The comment below is incorrect. I'm leaving it for transparency, but I misread where the padding is being applied.

I could be missing something here, but I think this is vulnerable to DO'1985, a/k/a Desmedt-Odlyzko:

https://github.com/rpgp/rpgp/blob/8e67756ebce780c91b8c2ffc7d...

In particular, in the presence of an insufficiently wide hash, the absence of padding here means that RSA signature validation is not secure under EUF-CMA. Matt Green has a great post on why and when EUF-CMA matters[1].

(This isn't necessarily this implementation's fault, since PGP seemingly (!) encourages the stripping of padding from signatures. But I can't find another source for whether this is actually encouraged by OpenPGP, or whether implementations just widely allow it.)

[1]: https://blog.cryptographyengineering.com/euf-cma-and-suf-cma...
I just finished implementing sha1collision detection, and it will be integrated into rpgp soon https://github.com/rpgp/rpgp/issues/293

This is the same algorithm used by git.

There are higher level implementations that use the dates on signatures to straight out reject sha1 material, but that gives only a limited protection.
> Does that mean that node apps shouldn’t do any computation on data, just move bytes between a file and a network socket? If I need my program to think, I wrote it wrong or in the wrong language?

This is a very uncharitable interpretation of Node's primary use case. I think it would be more accurate to say don't use Node if all of the following apply:

- Your task is CPU bound rather than IO bound (e.g. you're not waiting to insert or retrieve data from the database).

- Your task is highly parallel (some computations are sequential and linear).

You can't use worker threads because:

- You have too much data to bear the cost of message passing via the structured clone algorithm.

- You can't share memory and avoid structured cloning because your data can't be represented using an array buffer.

This is a far cry from the claim that Node can't handle problems that require "thinking". When you're on the JIT compiler's happy path Node can think pretty quickly actually. In practice, many high volume web servers are handling enough requests that there's more than enough jobs for each Node process to have exclusivity over its jobs, and you don't need to share work between processes. Each process or worker thread can be largely independent. Not every task is going to fall within those boundaries, but that's ok, Node doesn't have to fulfill every use case.
Ask HN: Would ChatGPT semantic token coloring give insight into its replies?
For example, it could highlight important tokens in the context window as it outputs each word in its reply.
Anecdote, not data, but I was actually confused where that tab went and blamed it on some poor new AI powered UI change, that was trying to guess what was useful for me. Turns out it was regulatory. Who knew?
It is. “Vorratsgesellschaft”
Notice how all the benefits they mention are for physicians and not for the patients. That's a pretty backwards approach to healthcare
You're probably confusing Fluoride which is actually quite difficult to remove, often needing expensive and complicated filtration such as Reverse Osmosis, with Chlorine which is trivial to remove with charcoal filtration.
> But you shouldn't ever have the right to unilaterally make that call for everyone.

In this hypothetical I'm only making the call for the people of my instance, not for everyone. Like I said, you'd be free to join other instances where people are willing to entertain your point of view.

The audacity of assuming that the server that I pay and care for should be a vehicle for content that I don't agree with is baffling to me. It's my house, my rules, simple as.
This piece of “journalism” isn’t fair either though. Should we shut down CNN too?
Not necessarily. Depends on the woman, depends on the man, and often on their reps.

More likely because it was an advertorial, both for the brand and the “models”.

Fun read.
But they do serve their clients. We don't shut down hospitals because one doctor misses a diagnosis.
I agree that gpg did not age well. If we compare it to a different project with similar history: curl, it's apparent that gpg chose wrong on several fronts. It should be a library first instead of a cli tool. Funny part is that even the library of gpg (gpgme) is internally calling the binary.

I've played around with designing a higher level library to OpenPGP once (https://pypi.org/project/pysequoia/) and personally I think it yields more readable, faster and secure code.
No, he hasn't changed his mind (93 closed issues over 8 years related to F-droid, many asking for F-Droid distribution: https://github.com/signalapp/Signal-Android/issues?q=is%3Ais... ). Signal distributes their own APK from their own site, but still does now allow F-Droid to distribute a version, or for any version built or distributed by anyone other than Signal to connect to the Signal servers. Imagine Jia Tan's build of XZ being the only one allowed, and you get the idea.
Tell me, how does the same story, reposted in three different places, conveying criticism about the source of the blocking, lead to phishing issues on three different domains?

It is clearly underplaying questionable behavior that has caused serious problems for a media outlet that were only fixed because this got attention.
Well let the magic hand of the market decide! I'm sure people will be flocking out any time now and advertising revenue will dry up!
Think of Myanmar

https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2022/09/myanmar-faceb...
It seems you want something like KEDA (https://keda.sh)
From a brief search, title insurance often costs around 0.1% of the purchase price of a property; it seems the Notars are collecting a monopoly rent in Germany.
Try Craigslist. There are literally thousands of sales jobs from starter to Advanced listed there every day
I remember there used to be so much excitement about Clojure - it certainly was the "tech du jour" for a long while, also on the HN front page. It was the "...in Rust" of its day.

But is it just me or has it gotten awfully quiet around Clojure? I mean, it is of course expected that no novelty can stay in the lime light forever. But what has become of all of the excitement?

My impression is that Clojure failed to live up to the hype, but has found its niche - but it is a rather small niche. In the end, despite its attempts to differentiate itself from Lisp pitfalls, it has gone the way of all Lisps: it's this cool, intellectually stimulating language that in practice almost nobody uses.

Is that view wrong? Please feel free to correct me, and sorry if this post is about Clojure in general and not specifically about its machine learning ecosystem.
Yeah unfortunately this implementation is wrong because the blur doesn't use pixel data from above the top of the screen which results in terrible flickering when you scroll.

Bit of a shame because the static effect is quite nice.
Why dictionary.com's word of the year is "hallucinate"
> Would absolutely believe space is a 30b industry in the US.

SpaceX did 4.6b a year in revenue in 2022 [1].

But this is besides the point, they grossly mis represent the GAO report they cite for the statistic[2] which says.

"The number of commercial launch and reentry operations carrying humans is a small proportion of the overall number of commercial space operations—about 10 percent in 2023—but it is growing."[2]

BusinessInsider's sloppy reporting turned it into

"Space launches still represent a small proportion of the commercial airspace — about 10% in 2023"

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SpaceX

[2] https://www.gao.gov/products/gao-24-106184
What you are describing -- a system where I have to maintain accounts on a number of separate networks that don't interoperate due to content control disagreements -- is an ecosystem of competing centralized systems, not a decentralized one, and that people who run their own servers are reportedly presumed evil and defederated either by default or at the drop of a hat is a visceral demonstration that this setup undermines most of the benefit you think you are getting by calling it "decentralized". The reality is that many of the people using Mastadon would be not just "happy enough" but "actively happier" (per all the clearly ridiculous controversy surrounding people doing the supposedly-evil work of building search engines or, heaven forbid, being able to quote-tweet without permission, lol... if you are going out of your way to prevent hyperlinks, something seriously wrong has happened) using a centralized competitor to Twitter that was merely run by someone they liked.
In most cases I would agree, but in this case they actually did do reputational damage. There are people asking the site owners why the site is considered insecure.
And it’s no longer available on Steam after Nintendo complained

https://www.pcgamer.com/after-being-kicked-off-steam-dolphin...
They’re supposed to not do things like https://www.amnesty.org/en/latest/news/2022/09/myanmar-faceb...
OK but how is it that other countries get by without them for founding LLCs? Are there countless scams going on in the UK surrounding limited company for example since you don't need a notary there?

There's often lots of post hoc justifications in Germany for "why it is that way" (and has to be that way). But nobody ever seems to stop and think: ok but the rest of the world seems to get by OK without these reams and reams of bullshit?

The problem with Germany is not that it is stuck in the 20th century and completely backwards, but that nobody seems to care that it is. Worse, if anything there seems to be a degree of pride among Germans of the "process". As soon as you criticise some piece of particular bullshit German bureaucracy (as opposed to bureaucracy in general, which generally you're permitted to criticise) then they start circling the wagons (often pointing to other countries where the situation is supposedly the same or worse). So it is never going to change.
How many people would follow links to that website if Facebook didn't exist? Fewer than of Facebook existed as accidentally banned them for one day.
I've heard similar Kafkaesque stories from German relatives of mine. And from what I gather, most digitalization efforts by state and federal government essentially resulted in digitizing existing bureaucratic procedures.
Many, many predictions about job losses came true. Jobs stop existing if they can be performed automated to a large extent, this has come true for many, many jobs over time. There is a great German video series about elderly people (in their 80s or even 90s) showing the trades they learned when they were young. They were doing stuff like carving troughs out of trees, making wooden wheels, operating water powered saws and similar stuffs. None of these jobs exist anymore.

In fact it is completely natural and healthy that there is a transformation in the job market, although it can easily be a tragedy for the individual.

>So far the employment numbers in the US are looking extremely good.

Voice actors are a tiny group. They don't really factor into nation wide statistics.
Wait, are you saying you actually believe they're building those trucks? I thought it was more or less acknowledged that would never happen.

If you believe this stuff you probably should put your money where your mouth is and buy some stock.
The best (but not necessarily good) answer I see is that ad supported social media can’t meet the minimum bar for effective moderation and be profitable, then it should be shut down as a nuisance. Not all business models have a right to exist.

Perhaps if free/ad was not workable we could see subscription services with better moderation. If not (people won’t pay), then it’s not actually worth that much to users so it’s fine to let it die.
Exactly. A more modern secure approach is to let the init system open the socket and pass it as an FD. This has some side benefits too (not even temporary root for daemon, less custom code, standard&declarative config, socket activation).

(Of course Unraid, being based on Slackware, has a legacy init system that doesn't support this scheme. But there are enough other options.)
I take one color print or photocopy of something displaying all the colors- once a week (or more frequently).
So, Facebook allowing content is bad, and Facebook not allowing content is also bad?
...and if China ends up accelerating worldwide EV adoption through their ambition at war-machine industry, it would be a net win for humanity.

Also, Elon Musk (with Starlink) is not a stranger to American military complex. I'm not convinced that I should get upset over Chinese carmakers getting "unfair" advantages, when America bends global trade rules all the time to protect its "national security."
That's a really interesting comparison. I think brunost has a lot of flavours that are nothing like Marmite - it's creamy, it's sweet, and it's a bit sour. But they are certainly similar in that they have a sort of concentratedness to them, and in that sensible people hate them.
<https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=39670657>
This isn't a standard floppy drive controller; it's a low-level device that allows you access the disk at the raw, magnetic domain kind of level. This means it can read or write all kinds of formats that are typically not accessible on standard floppy controllers like "variable speed" systems used on old 400/800KB Mac disks.
Those token highlighters work by using the token selection probability, which you can do already with the logprobs parameter to the API.

The old GPT-3 web UI had it and it was removed since it's not as valuable as you would think.
So you basically just made up a number to make it sound worse?
Obviously because something in the content triggered the phishing filter.
Show HN: My first tiny tech talk on React Developer Tools
The point stands. A government supported by fundamentalists has offered two state solutions.
> Is this needed because motherboards no longer include any floppy drive channels?

Yes, partially.

> I'm not yet grasping why Greaseweazle is better than a standard cheapy USB floppy drive.

1.) Support for non-standard formats.

2.) Ability to capture raw flux images, bypassing the limitations of actual floppy controllers, and allowing for weird formats to be preserved and written (ex. of flux images bypassing rare hardware restrictions: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vCU4xbHFb58&t=1538s)

3.) Can allow for drives with weird quirks.
Think so too. Time will show...
An alternate possibility is the LLM gives such bad advice that it causes irreparable harm to a patient and nobody can be held liable because the doctor didn’t issue the advice and neither did the company which produced the LLM.

I think someone will be liable; this has already been tested in at least one court with something less life-critical: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=39378235