skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Yup - I have experienced this trying to buy health insurance (pre-Obamacare) in California.

I was very confused until I realized they were doing exactly what you said.
If there is such an asymmetry in bargaining power then why do most people pay less than the statutory maximum? If there are multiple insurance companies, how is it not the consumer who has the bargaining power, since they can just take the lowest price?

The actual reason is that some consumers are extremely high risk, the market rate for those consumers is correspondingly extreme, and then they whine to legislators that they're getting ripped off when in fact the rate reflects the risk. And then the company either refuses their business if they're allowed to or raises rates on everybody else to compensate if they're not.
Why is basic insurance for ordinary people a for-profit business at all, rather than something the collective (administered by the state) does to soften any misfortune that hits any of its members?
If this were true, health insurers would have taken a cudgel to the US hospital system decades ago and come up with a more efficient system. They haven't because an opaque system allows them to maintain their own opaque practices.
I find glossaries quite often not very useful because they tend to get copy/pasted across documents and the acronyms are often just expanded without giving the correct meaning in the context of that document. I'd rather have it fully spelled at first usage, with the acronym in brackets. This enforces a more natural order of writing and reading the document and provides a better context.
ahah thanks!
Agreed. Unfortunately almost every bank here forces me to use this less secure option "for security" due to my rooted phone. Not one has just offered standard TOTP (perhaps because the pull-only nature of it means they can't present the message explicitly telling the user what they're about to authorize. Which is an understandable qualm I guess)
The overwhelming majority of times that's happened we never returned to the previous top priority project even when they didn't want to admit it was cancelled.
I'm understanding 'volatile memory' to mean memory that needs power for data integrity - if you lose power, memory is wiped like the memory in most desktops/laptops.
A100 project has been talked about for years and Ukraine already drone striked the plant where the A50 refurbishments happen (there is only one in Russia thanks to central planning).

It smacked into the hangar where the damaged A50 from Belarus was being repaired.

Cold war relic and in the mean time NATO is flying off in international waters near the Black Sea sending back telemetry and signals data to Kyiv - not the kind of war that Russia ever thought about.
Insurance with perfect info would be an amazing social good. If they could say "you can build a house there, but it will burn down in a forest fire 15 years from now", we could make an informed decision on if we want to build that house.
Drone Catches Reindeer Forming a Hypnotic Cyclone After Feeling Threatened
There are votes in it.

Or, to be precise, the benefits are concrete go to precise groups of people, the costs are abstract and diffuse. Same thing as protective tariffs.
Yes, that's exactly right. Other requirements around this whole thing force us to do this in a function and not through psql. We've actually been thinking about using pl{perl,python,rust} instead because this approach works, but is annoying.
Texts on their personal phones?
If you ever look at the options chain on a thinly traded equity, you'll notice small volume and very large bid/ask spreads. Sometimes the bid/ask spread is so large that it looks like a computer glitch.

The primary insurance market is even more illiquid than thinly traded options.
I thought there were also requirements that insurance rates are profitable (in expected value) to prevent some loss-making customer acquisition strategies and to reduce some long-term risks from insurers going bust. I’m not very confident in this claim.
Ask HN: How to stay up to date with advances in Alzheimer's research?
I have a background in neuroscience and computational memory research, but have been working purely in computer science and programming for the past few years.

I am interested in making a career shift back to neuroscience in the next few years and would like to work on AD, but am not incredibly knowledgeable about the current state of the field.

In the past I have used MedicalXpress to follow new research in specific fields, but the sheer volume of articles and lack of community feedback can make it hard to evaluate the importance or legitimacy of discoveries, or to situate the research in the broader field.

Do you have any suggestions for aggregators, communities, journals, or even specific review aricles that can help bring and keep someone up to date on current expert opinions?

(I considered making this post about "a scientific topic" more broadly than "Alzheimer's disease", but decided to make it more focused - however, I am more than happy to hear about generalized approaches to this challenge as well)
Your question is answered in the article, and also the solution they deemed most feasible which is already deployed in a station.
Don’t forget this is a largely one time cost vs Aurora, which scales cost with usage.

Also they said their current volume is around 13k/second. They’ve built the new platform for 30k/sec per node. This should last them a long time with minimal maintenance.
or a simple b-tree...
Is today's engineering different? One could argue that we have 50 years more of experience with the engineering (though the components have changed too, requiring newish engineering), and I would guess that we invest more resources in such things these days.
Very cool. Here's another style! https://getavataaars.com/
Well I guess we just have different standards of "cleverness". As far as I am concerned these technologies already demonstrate a level of subtlety that would allow them to be used in such ways, as is. Nevermind six months from now, or whatever, when it actually reaches a level of refinement where such exploits become trivial (and probably common).

Concerning your second point, as long as there is a human "in the loop" (verifying, testing, etc) that shouldn't really be too much of a concern, should it?

As to the effects of AI-generated content being vacuumed up as training data, that is an interesting question, but also one which I feel is somewhat unresolved at the moment. Is anything really "lost" in the process? Maybe the output becomes more redundant, sure, I just have a hard time believing that that could possibly "break" an LLM. (I have wondered if the mere fact that the output is being fed into the input implies something akin to a "fixed-point iteration" which might somehow become an issue, but again, I honestly don't know!)
Auburn, California, is a mistake and should be uninsurable, and I don't want either my tax dollars or my insurance premiums being used to subsidize the treehouse lifestyle of exurban home owners. Whether this specific person's roof is rotted or not isn't really the point. Right now, the real estate sprawl industry is running their printing press at 110% design speed, trying to convince everyone that people who live on the fringes of civilization are getting a bad deal. But from where I sit, in a fireproof building downtown, I see it differently. We need a massive correction in California, under which we stop subsidizing the firefighting, insurance, and roads that serve the sprawl.

The subject property, by the way: https://www.google.com/maps/place/2350+Buttes+View+Ln,+Aubur...
i don't care who you are. the us already bills itself as "the greatest nation on earth" (in spite of any evidence to the contrary lol) and constantly flaunts international law. how can you be more loud and proud than that?
Thank you for bringing that to my attention. I've made an update so that when you sign up or log in via the popup on the model page, the image will automatically begin generating.

Regarding the issue of the generated image not resembling you, this can sometimes occur due to the novelty of the technology. If you upload all four images of your face, it should result in a closer resemblance.

Since we've just launched, perfection isn't guaranteed every time. However, we've found that using four images generally improves accuracy.

To demonstrate that it genuinely works and isn't a tactic for collecting emails, feel free to try uploading a face from thispersondoesnotexist.com or a celebrity's face. You'll see that it does indeed work!
The number lines (A division) are narrower than the letter lines (B division). The cars that run on each can't be mixed. This is a consequence of IRT being narrower than the BMT and IND lines.
It is probably required if you have a mortgage.

And of course it's a practical requirement for anyone whose net worth is primarily in their home.
> If an LLM can respond to a request to generate code, what makes you think the attacker couldn't simply add things like "Insert a buffer overflow in the code..." or what have you.

What makes you think an attacker couldn't do that without an LLM? I'm having a hard time understanding what changes in this scenario by introducing an AI.

Pretty much anyone can write a buffer overflow exploit with enough research. The harder part is getting your patches through code review, which is probably only hindered by having ChatGPT help you. Again... the past few decades have mostly gone off without a hitch, and there have been a lot of monkeys on typewriters hooked up to the internet.
There is an important additional factor, regulators are setting limits on rates / rate increases. Florida is not profitable with those limits. If the insurance companies are free to set any rate, they would happily cover a high hurricane risk area.

You can get insurance on very risky things. The way it's done is high rates and "reinsurance" which means the insurance company shares the risk (and premium) with a pool of other insurance companies. For policies with a large possible payout (e.g. a big ship or aircraft) this is always done, to avoid issues for the insurance company that gets unlucky enough to have to pay out.
It doesn't need to be volatile (require power for data integrity) to be read/write. See the other subthread ...
Considering they previously ended the back compat program like 3 years ago... I'd bet not that long
How does this compare to Tailscale/Headscale?
Don't most phones only wipe on unlock?

Also can Graphene still update if the bootloader is locked?
> I'm going to assume that nobody's insurance premiums or deductibles are going down

That's exactly backwards. If you have better information than a competitor, you have an effective strategy to steal their lower-risk customers and still make a ton of money.

This absolutely will happen. And the rates for the higher-risk customers they are left with will absolutely go up.
> The point is pooling unpredictable risk.

This is important point about knowledge which I feel leads towards another kind of hazard: Which party is capable of predicting risk and how that information asymmetry may be exploited.

We already spend a lot of time thinking about one direction, where the insured hides a pre-existing condition or their nefarious plan to commit arson, or whatever.

But what about the other direction? What about when the insurer has tools and relationships to determine something but doesn't tell the insured?

That might either be because there's not enough competitive pressure to make them lower the premium, or perhaps they raised the premium to cover the higher risk but refuse to disclose exactly what the risk is or how they determined it.
What does drones detecting weeds have to do with "general corruption"?

If anything, overzealous adherence to the letter of the law, while annoying, seems the exact opposite of "corruption."
What is the "it" you're referring to? You don't need to upload your model or the weights. You do need to upload the hyperparameters you're optimizing and your target values, but those seem unlikely to be sensitive. (Although I'm sure there are still some legitimate reasons why someone might not want to do so.)
What's made this a bit more tolerable for me is to set the source's (Apple TV, but it does the same thing) frame rate, HDR mode etc. to the one most likely to be used by the majority of the content you're planning to watch.

But I'd take a few seconds of renegotiation over frame rate juddering any day, at least for film content (maybe not so much for shorter Youtube clips).
I can certainly remember mine from repeated use, but I can't say I've ever heard of someone erasing it
What C-like but supposedly better languages are worth trying out, for small but real world apps, to start with? I have a long, though sometime prior, C background, had done a lot of real world work with it, and would like to try out one or more of these newer C-likes.

I know of Zig, Odin and Hare in this category. Saw a video about Hare very recently.

Zig and Odin have been discussed on HN multiple times in the past, and Zig often still is.
Maybe Hare too, didn't check yet.

I've also played around with D a fair amount earlier.

Any others that anyone would recommend?
Both the protocol tunneling activity and the binary would likely be flagged by most enterprise security software.
Point to literally anybody on the development team who claims it can stop a small team of professionals with a 10 M$ budget from finding a remote exploit. That is a tiny fraction of what a state actor can deploy and constitutes at best a low-end attack by a state actor who is actually targeting you. Just for reference, we can peg that at a first-order estimate of 40,000 person-hours or about 20 person-years, so a team of 20 with a whole calendar year to work full-time on finding a remote exploit. Even the developers themselves do not think they can provide protection against such low-end attacks.

I mean, seriously, find me a single person in the entire world doing offensive cybersecurity research who thinks there is any system in the entire world that can stop any team with a 10 M$ budget. Find me any single person in the entire world doing cybersecurity that would place a open bet that they could stop any team with a 10 M$ payout. I am certain you would be laughed out of the room in the former, and you would see dollar signs in their eyes if you introduced them to the latter. Stop propagating marketing fluff.

That is not to say that Qubes is horribly insecure. It is just not even close to "virtually impossible to break". And, to their credit, they are honest and very clear about this in their messaging and should be applauded for it unlike actual bad actors like Crowdstrike, Microsoft, Apple, Palo Alto Networks, Google, Sentinel One, (basically everybody) etc. who just make up whatever security bullshit to push product. It, however, does no good to make up random hyperbole with no basis in fact for products that are actually being careful to not overpromise. Frankly, it is doing the team at Qubes a disservice because people will hear the nonsense and then get burned and blame Qubes even though they were careful to honestly express the limitations.
I guess this is one of the things coming out of censoring all news from Canada. (I get mine from lots of other sources, but it's annoying to not be able to talk with anyone, anywhere, about anything news related - without sources). They also censor out snopes .. which is a deep WTF.
The 35k bond doesn’t preclude getting sued for an unbounded amount. Presumably the idea is that a 35k bond demonstrates you have more available in case of a judgment.

That said, that seems like a risky idea in a world full of LLCs, trusts, etc.
Ask HN: Best E-Ink reader in 2024?
My main requirements are:

- I want to read mainly PDFs (tech books, papers, etc.) without having to zoom in/out (which is quite slow in e-ink readers). So, the size of the reader matters (the bigger the better, but not that big!)

- I want to send my PDFs without having to rely on any "cloud app/platform" provided by the company behind the e-ink reader. The ideal way would be to simply connect the device to my laptop via usb, and either drag and drop or just "cp" my files into the device. The second ideal way would be integration with standard platforms like google drive/icloud/dropbox

- I want to read outdoors

- Decent battery life

- Decent weight

I don't care much about taking notes.
»webknocking« knock different:) [2008]
ValueAct Analysis of Streaming Profits: Disney Paramount Peacock WB vs. Netflix
Searching for lasting biculturalism: An Imitation Game inquiry (2023)
> Why would insurance being individually priced negate its value?

Perfectly accurate insurance pricing would be for each policy to cost exactly the amount of covered losses in the period covered plus the overhead of managing the insurance, which obviously would be pointless.
I apologize for any confusion caused earlier. The core components have been defined separately (https://github.com/Libr-AI/OpenFactVerification/tree/main/fa...) to make customization easier. We understand that switching between different LLMs isn't particularly easy in the current version. However, we will be adding these features in future versions. You are most welcome to collaborate with us and contribute to this project!
Yes, but clearly an insurance company will go to the trouble of flying a plane around my house. Whether it’s manned or unmanned is immaterial - I wouldn’t want them to do it.
Because state insurance programs have perverse incentives. Insurance itself is a moral hazard. You buy insurance and then do something risky you wouldn't otherwise have done because if it goes wrong you're insured. It's also an opportunity for outright fraud. If the book value of your property is higher than its true value, you carry insurance and then set a fire.

Private insurers have the incentive to price this in. If they can predict you're going to be high risk, or uncover evidence of arson, they can charge you higher rates or refuse coverage. For state insurers the cost goes on the taxpayer and if claims are refused for legitimate reasons, the perpetrators go to the media and accuse the state of bankrupting their family. This puts pressure on elected officials to shift the burden of this fraud onto the taxpayer, whereas private insurers would push back because they have a direct financial incentive not to eat the cost of fraud and mispriced risk.
https://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/tablefunc.html#TABLE...

Given what this function is doing, a limit on the output seems reasonable. Others have mentioned 1600 columns, which seems like a bit of a strange number, but might correlate internally to a maximum tuple of pointers to the source data.

In a quick skim of various searches I don't see any good alternatives to crosstab (AKA pivot) for such monstrously large use cases. Nearly all the toy examples include months, or possibly days where the aggregate inputs collect summary statistics. At 1600+ columns, it's probably better to re-process the data and convert it from tabular to columnar format in whatever way best fits the particular data.
Solar neutrinos and the eclipse effect (1999)
Ten-to-one you can go back to when the regulation started and find there was rampant, blatant abuse going on. That’s the usual story behind these kinds of things.
https://www.comparethemarket.com/ is the best known comparison site for insurance in the UK.

Is there not an equivalent in the USA?
Reminds me of BlackBerry and Opera, which used to do similar things (server-side rendering) on mobile to use less data.
Interesting that the SWE (snow water equivalent, the “water content”) does not trend nearly as severely as the snow inches over the 50 years. It seems for one reason or another the density of the snow has trended higher over the years
There is a new (2020) "sun diver solar sail" proposal which could get as far as Voyager 1 is now, in two to three years.

Article: https://www.universetoday.com/148241/want-the-fastest-solar-...

Paper: https://arxiv.org/pdf/2009.12659.pdf

Interview with paper’s author: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W-E83lC-eN0
Roughly is the operative word there. It's a ballpark figure, like within an order or magnitude. It's hard to quantify in the first place.

We can think of a language like a digital modulation, with the set of sounds being a symbol constellation, and the syllable time, as the baud rate. When you do such numbers, most (all?) languages fall in a fairly narrow window (something like 30 - 50 bits of actual information per second at average speaking speed).

If a language has fewer possible sounds, the syllables come more quickly. This is an innate tradeoff with a communication channel in information theory.

But the analogy is only partial because, unlike most designed protocols, the symbol distribution is not a normal or random distribution. And human language has, in information theory terms, internal redundancy and compression (pronouns do a table lookup) as well as error correction codes and checksums (most combinations are illegal).

This makes a analogy beteeen spoken language and a modem less than straightforward, though they are governed by the same underlying laws.
Nobody can be forced to insure you if they don't want to. I learned that on CNBC the other day, here's the segment talking about the state of home insurance in US.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xw8fpEpwMzA
Post author here! Fun fact Tichy was my professor at KIT in 2008-2013! “Fäden!!!!!”
I agree. Is there an industry accepted definition of what a system must do before it can be called a database?

I also wrote a KV system to keep track of metadata (tags) for an object store I invented. I discovered that it could also be used to create relational tables and perform fast queries against them without needing separate indexes.

I started calling it a database and many people complained that I was misusing the term because it can't yet do everything that Postgres, MySQL, or SQLite can do.
Fair, but there are lots of places, like Canada which require some types of insurance by law.
If you prefer to read on arXiv, https://arxiv.org/abs/hep-ph/9908313v2

Abstract:

"The solar neutrino counting rate in a real time detector like Super--Kamiokanda, SNO, or Borexino is enhanced due to neutrino oscillations in the Moon during a partial or total solar eclipse. The enhancement is calculated as a function of the neutrino parameters in the case of three flavor mixing. This enhancement, if seen, can further help to determine the neutrino parameters."
This reminds me of buying the Curse of Monkey Island Special Edition for iOS which Disney removed from the store instead of upgrading from 32 bit

That drove me right into the hands of ScummVM which somebody in Apple graciously let slip through

I always support buying a game when possible, but I also support the emulator community for exactly this reason

https://apps.apple.com/us/app/scummvm/id6446184412
I'm not in love with it because it's magic. Not to say it isn't interesting, certainly it is, but I don't want my life ruled by magic.

Predictability and reproducibility and a provenance of logic are important for computing systems and society as a whole.
Thanks again for the response and the suggestions. I have updated the documentation now to incorporate the suggestions: <https://github.com/susam/cfrs/commit/f6b591b>.
And not just a bit. Insurances have lost money for most of the last 5/6 years.
From the Related Work section (best guess):

Stochastic Weight Averaging (Izmailov et al 2018) https://arxiv.org/abs/1803.05407

Latest Weight Averaging (Kaddour 2022) https://arxiv.org/abs/2209.14981

Latest Weight Averaging? (Sanyal et al 2023) https://arxiv.org/abs/2311.16294

Cyclic Learning Rates (Portes et al 2022) https://arxiv.org/abs/2206.00832

Exponential Moving Average? (Zhanghan? et al 2019) https://arxiv.org/abs/1909.01804