skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Can you explain why computers cannot simulate Turing machines and how that relates to the quote?

My reading is that the quote says "to reach agi, it's not enough to learn a sequence of steps in text, we will want the agi to be able to crystalize (compile) that sequence of steps into a program run without abstractions on its native system." Presumably because it's too slow to run it on top of an LLM.

Stretching further. I think humans do crystalize learning into things that look hardcoded, like muscle memory or reflexes, rather than talking themselves through everything.
The problems with "hardware" RAID are the proprietary disk formats and the need to buy multiple RAID cards in case one fails, as you may need to have the same vendor/version for it to be a straight swap and still keep all your data. There can also be issues with drivers, especially if the "hardware" RAID is partly implemented by the driver. I've had issues in the past with needing to put hardward RAID drivers into the initramfs of Linux boxes just so that they can boot.

With software RAID, you can just plug the disks into other servers without those kinds of problems.
Are you planning on offering a hosted ClickHouse service? After all, for analytical use cases latency doesn't matter so much, hence it would make sense even for companies in other continents to use your service.
Interesting actually and not a pricing model thats doomed.

Assume for 22Rs an hour (USD to INR roughly) you could go like 7-8kms within the city. If someone was to instead lease out the entire vehicle for the day (or 2 people for half day each), they could just be a ride share driver without having to invest in the vehicle costs. Electricity is not included so they would have to find EV spots (electricity is quite cheap in India) but for those that think this is very cheap, realise it's not actually very cheap and a good pricing model in fact. Good EV rickshaws can be had for under 3000$ which this pricing model can recover in under 2 years for each vehicle after which any income is basically a profit. The real challenge is in finding charging locations in India as of now but I totally see this working as the barrier to entry will reduce a lot for those looking to become a driver.
drop the array and quotes in the url to make it prettier :)
Tesla has lost a part of the market, maybe 20% or more. Elon has en extremely high public profile and part of the buying public (far from 100%) think negatively of him.

Why would the two phenomena not be connected?
Use generic hardware or build your own, and install an OS you can manage yourself
I find this the most plausible explanation by far:

* The highly professional outfit simply did not see teknoraver's commit to remove liblzma as standard dependency of systemd build scripts coming.

* The race was on between their compromised code and that commit. They had to win it, with as large a window as possible.

* This caused the amateuristic aspects: Haste.

* The performance regression is __not__ big. It's lucky Andres caught it at all. It's also not necessarily all that simple to remove it. It's not simply a bug in a loop or some such. If I was the xz team I'd have enough faith in all the work that was done to give it high odds that they'd get there before discovery. That they'd have time; months, even.

* The payload of the 'hack' contains fairly easy ways for the xz hackers to update the payload. They actually used it to remove a real issue where their hackery causes issues with valgrind that might lead to discovering it, and they also used it to release 5.6.1 which rewrites significant chunks; I've as yet not read, nor know of any analysis, as to why they changed so much. Point is, it's reasonable to think they had months, and therefore, months to find and fix issues that risk discovery.

* I really can't spell this out enough: WE GOT REALLY LUCKY / ANDRES GOT LUCKY. 9 times out of 10 this wouldn't have been found in time.

Extra info for those who don't know:

https://github.com/systemd/systemd/commit/3fc72d54132151c131...

That's a commit that changes how liblzma is a dependency of systemd. Not because the author of this commit knew anything was wrong with it. But, pretty much entirely by accident (although removing deps was part of the point of that commit), almost entirely eliminates the value of all those 2 years of hard work.

And that was with the finish line in sight for the xz hackers: On 24 feb 2024, the xz hackers release liblzma 5.6.0 which is the first fully operational compromised version. __12 days later systemd merges a commit that means it won't work__.

So now the race is on. Can they get 5.6.0 integrated into stable releases of major OSes _before_ teknoraver's commit that removes liblzma's status as direct dep of systemd?

I find it plausible that they knew about teknoraver's commit _just before_ Feb 24th 2024 (when liblzma v5.6.0 was released, the first backdoored release), and rushed to release ASAP, before doing the testing you describe. Buoyed by their efforts to add ways to update the payload which they indeed used - March 8th (after teknoraver's commit was accepted) it was used to fix the valgrind issue.

So, no, I don't find this weird, and I don't think the amateurish aspects should be taken as some sort of indication that parts of the outfit were amateuristic. As long as it's plausible that the amateuristic aspects were simply due to time pressure, it sounds like a really bad idea to make assumptions in this regard.
Too bad humanity is a general partnership so we're all exposed to unlimited liability there.
Try it!

It's simple enough to instruct it to work step by step, showing it's work (as a type of memory - same way we'd use pencil and paper), so that each string transformation breaks down into a sequence of single replacement steps that it shows (input, rule applied, output).

Tokenization is not the issue. Just give it the string as a space separated list of letters such as "A B B A X Y".

The problem is getting it to work reliably, and for longer strings. The best I could do with Claude Haiku was to get it to apply three replacement rules successfully, then it just made a stupid mistake.

LLMs are just not built for tasks like this. A lack of short-term memory is one obvious issue, but seems almost impossible to mitigate with step-by-step instruction.
Not really a question, but just wanted to say I appreciate your work it is a great piece of software thank you for open sourcing it!
As it always goes: Monkey get shiny hammer. Monkey hit toes.
Unpacking Gan Jing World: ‘Wholesome’ video platform linked to Chinese movement
Goja: ECMAScript/JavaScript engine in pure Go
Total Eclipse (1988) announced for testing in ScummVM
What about summaries? Maybe LLMs are really good human approximates if you need to mashup two or more deterministically computed results into a coherent message. A RAG that pulls meta data about the system and takes as input some plain old computer output could ELI5 just about any result.

This is more "project this result onto a context -specific human like space of answers" than "compute it all in LLM"
My computers sometimes have to interact with larger networks and generic names 'worklaptop' would not be distinct enough to be good names. Except for toastermanager, I like this one in its own right.
These are extremely useful embedding models, and some are small enough to use in the frontend (with transformers.js) for on-device semantic search.

One issue I’ve run into is that they produce a very good ranking, but the actual cosine similarity scores appear to be meaningless. (E.g., “chocolate chip cookies” and “PLS6;YJBXSRF&/” could have a similarity of 0.8.) Consequently, I’ve had a hard time selecting sensible cutoff values to balance recall and precision. Has anyone found a good approach to this?
Glad you’re not my neighbor.
I'm not too familiar with SHARP but I've implemented SophiaH before, it is effectively mSGD but with the momentum being scaled by inverse of a separate hessian moment with some additional clipping. It works surprisingly well if you can afford the additional memory/compute.

It seems like SHARP directly incorporates the hessian directly into the SGD momentum, and increases the 'alpha' or momentum contribution over time.
Japan. First TLS+DNS felt like 3 seconds. Further loads are almost instant.
I think it's totally fine.
I'm a fullstack JavaScript developer. I'm not too fluent in Rust and Ruby. I would be more efficient poking and hacking a nodeJS codebase. If I treat the whole codebase as a black box there is no advantage for me in using an open source project.
A System for the Sixties: The RCA Studio II
Excellent point, lots and lots and lots and lots of physical objects are harmonic oscillators. That does have pretty fundamental grounding in physics.

I can think of lots of other places I'd use fourier analysis (at least qualitatively as with doing diffusion modeling in my head) but you're right that sinusoids are more physically "real" whereas being possible to represent in any basis set is more "valid" if that makes any sense.

Not quite sure what the right word is on this one, but I agree "real" kind of suggests real oscillators underlying the phenomena. Square waves are less physical because of discontinuities in both the signal and derivative; nature really doesn't care for discontinuities.
Can you explain your idea? Your algorithm is correct by definition, but doing this naively would be very slow (even for 32bit number). At this point it would be much faster to just binsearch it.
Oh my point was NOT that LLMs can't simulate a Turing machine reliably. I was just replying to the tweet above. The main point of this (speculative) text is that GPTs can "evolve a general learner" inside them, but are unable to give enough computing power to it, since it will dispute dispute compute and space with billions of task-specific circuits. Also, even if it could, the "computer" on which learned procedures run (inside transformers) is too limited in many senses, but not being Turing complete isn't the main issue, just one of them.

Basically I'm saying that (on my view) GPTs is kinda growing an AGI procedure inside it, but that AGI is restricted by rigid computational constraints imposed by the GPT architecture. I think something slightly more flexible might be capable of filtering out the noise more efficiently and replicate what GPTs do with an absurdly small fraction of the cost.

So, to be very clear, the point has nothing to do with Turing completeness and more to do with the ultra-limited computation and expressivity granted to internally learned functions. It is a small distinction, but a non-Turing complete model can still be extremely expressive.
Thanks, on my list now.
> Why do you spend time talking to 5 different payment providers while still not billing even $1000 per month?

Presumably because "no one was interested" in taking their business?
Why are parts of the contract allowed to be in different size typeface in the first place? There should only be headings and body text, no other sizes.
This is actually one of my principal objections. A summary of a deterministic computation requires careful thought around how it is explained so that it is interpreted as intended. That requires understanding of the domain, understanding of the semantics of the data being presented and understanding the audience.

A failure in this particular space in an observability product we use leads people wildly astray. While the data is correct, the summary is definitely not because it does not have enough understanding of the context.
Sabu Disk
> The ball is just an imaginary object, like an uninitialized variable.

As someone who has been coding for 45 years, this is absolutely the best analogy describing aphantasia I've ever read. Obviously, it works only when talking to another coder, but that is better than nothing.
"No password = locked account" is today's default policy on most systems, for a reason.
C++ web app with Crow: early scalability results
Probably comes to residual value and interest rates. 180 month is low, but maybe doable with volume and if price of vehicles is very low.
Corporate negligence that results in significant damage to environment or public health must be criminalized with most severe punishment going to higher level decision makers, including some accountability for their superiors. If CEO knew and acted against public interests, then Board must be held accountable. If board knew and acted against public interests, then majority shareholders who voted for this board must be at least fined.
Thank you! The Lagrangian as projection of energy-momentum actually makes sense, unlike the "let's just subtract potential from kinetic. No reason, it just works" story. I'd been idly wondering that for a while (and this is as someone with a physics degree, though in astro, which is a good bit more applied).
Floating point reciprocal square root estimate (`frsqrte`) instructions are typically implemented as just such a table lookup, indexed by a few bits of the fraction and the LSB of the exponent.
The precision is typically limited to similar to bf16 (ARM, RISC-V) or fp16 (x86), so programs are expected to do a few Newton-Raphson iterations afterwards if they want more.
The wording of the rule change seems to imply that the games must be downloaded from the app (perhaps disallowing sideloading), which Apple would not allow for games that the app developer does not own the rights to.

This seems more catered towards a Sega, Namco, or similar “Retro Game Collection” service, versus a third-party “drop in your own ROMs” app.
Good point, the library I'm using just encodes the array in JSON but I may be able to switch to a comma separated list.
Major kudos to this library for supporting Matryoshka/nested/adaptive embeddings (https://huggingface.co/blog/matryoshka), which I needed to train a model recently
Sounds like an argument I had too :)
My experience starting out with PM2 was the same. You need a plugin for the log rotation, saving the default environment variables is confusing, and stale processes cause weird behavior.

You may already have your own in-app log rotation before adding PM2 so may want to avoid printing to stdout/stderr. For usage with docker you want pm2-runtime.
https://www.kapa.ai/ seems to be the most popular saas for developer tools & docs. I'm seeing it all over the place
We ought to change the law to stiff the money-seeking families of victims. So long as the pool was fenced or fully above ground (required a ladder to access)
I came to the opposite conclusion for the same reasons.

Docker/kubernetes is fine for things that make money, but for small personal projects it is far too much complexity and I dumped it. pm2 gets the job done with less effort overall.
There are many makers of small, low-cost electric trucks.
Here's a review of one.[1] Search Alibaba for "small electric truck".
The SF bay area even has a startup, Telo, making them.

Helixx, interestingly, is a UK startup.

The subscription service thing is kind of weird. That means you need the infrastructure of a car rental company - parking lots, repair shops, staff.

[1] https://electrek.co/2022/07/25/electric-mini-truck-how-its-h...
Debug/sanitized builds are for unit tests.

What about just compiling and running your program after you make a change or get a crash?

Crashes in production happen with optimized builds. You need to be able to inspect the core and figure out what happened from there, as usually you can't reproduce the scenario.

Right... What's your point? This scenario doesn't overlap with regular iterations. Normal workflow and a crash after a program is distributed are two separate things.
Do you mean the protocol, or just port 22?
The neat thing is that LLMs can run on non-Turing-complete hardware.
Printf-tac-toe: tic-tac-toe in a single call to printf
Skald: Against the Black Priory – Launch Data Reveal Trailer [video]
>Which makes sense to me. If an LLM is giving you a mixture of "hallucinations" and correct answers, the correct answers will similar and the hallucinations will hopefully be chaotic

Not my experience. I had multiple LLMs hallucinate hard when asked same question multiple times. The only way to break the cycle is to follow everything with questions demanding clarifications. "are you sure?" "this is wrong, correct the answer".
How are you planning on enforcing that given:

1) bankruptcy is a thing, and

2) that period exceeds the lifespan of not only those responsible, but also any kids they might have conceived in extreme old age, and people can just… choose not work for (or invest in) a company that's been stuck with a long-term obligation.

I can see how it would be possible to make criminal liability stick on all members of a chain of command, corporate or otherwise, responsible for some decision. I can't see how setting a multi-lifetime punishment could possibly work.
It’s not a stripe alternative.

Billing, invoicing, payments, entitlements, subscriptions.

All different things.
The case of the exception that a catch (...) didn't catch – The Old New Thing
Nobel Prize in economics now he says he got it wrong on globalization
So… does anyone have any recommendations for some good emulators that we could reasonably expect to see on the app store?
After using this for a few hours today, my review is mixed. When it gets it right, it's a huge productivity booster, particularly writing out predictable unit tests, or mapping new pieces of data through several layers of code.

I did experience quite a few ide lockups though, particularly when doing cut / paste operations, and it also got things wrong pretty often where the traditional auto complete probably would've worked better.

On balance I'll keep using it, and hope that it gets continued efforts to improve it over the next few releases.

I also hope that it remains fully local, and if it isn't already starts taking advantage of my beefy Nvidia GPU - I didn't check but the freezes make me suspect it might be running on CPU
First Results from DESI Make Most Precise Measurement of Expanding Universe
Linked in is playing with twitch like video.

Zoom is adding in email.

Years ago I worked for a bank. You know what happens if you set up bill pay with a bank? You're unlikely to end that relationship. Because who the fuck wants to do all that work to move.

Your labor, your suffering (cause setting up bill pay sucks) is an egress fee.

If you have GitHub acting as anything other than your public facing code repo you're locking yourself into the platform. Bug tracking, code review, CI pipelines, GitHub features that are going to keep you from moving quickly if you need to change providers.
> Otherwise you’re effectively making companies illegal.

It's more like making illegal behaviour by companies to be illegal.

There's a disconnect where behaviour that would result in jail time for people, doesn't result in jail time if performed by companies and that seems wrong to me. If an individual poisons a water supply, they're not going to be getting just a fine.
Huge OpenWRT fan I’d almost even be tempted to deploy an OpenWRT device somehow as a NAS over any prebuilt consumer device.

It’s build it yourself (and get what you pay for) or buy junk and similarly roll the dice.

It’s not a terrible difficult value proposition to explain but there’s always the person in the room that knows just enough to not know this is something you do not introduce on your corporate network; you leave it home tucked away behind a firewall
This is actually a space I’m exploring. Would love to chat about your use case if you’re interested. Shoot me an email at chris. Domain name revenuehq.com.
Micro-Dollars for Financial Calculations Without Floating Point Inaccuracies
With the caveat that some emulators need BIOS files or decryption keys pulled from the original system, and you can't redistribute those even if you only intend to run free homebrew games.
ClangQL: A tool to run SQL-like query on C/C++ Code
Show HN: I open-sourced the in-memory PostgreSQL I built at work for E2E tests
Hey HN! For a few months, I've been building an in-memory version of Postgres at work. It has full feature parity with production databases.

The cool thing about it is that you don't need any external processes or proxies. If your platform can run WASM (Node.js, browser, etc.), it can probably run pgmock. Creating a new database with mock data is as simple as creating a JavaScript object.

It's a bit different from the amazing pglite [1] (which inspired me to open-source pgmock in the first place). pgmock runs an x86 emulator with the original Postgres inside, while pglite compiles a Postgres fork to native WASM directly and is hence much faster and more lightweight. However, it only supports single-user mode and a select few extensions, so you can't connect to it with normal Postgres clients (which is quite crucial for E2E testing).

Theoretically, it could be modified to run any Docker image on WebAssembly platforms. Anything specific you'd like to see?

Happy hacking!

[1] https://github.com/electric-sql/pglite
TextQuery: Run SQL on Your CSV Files
Hey, I'm not sure if this is the right place to post youtube videos, but maybe you find it useful.
or pull out of the market...
I don't have much experience with embeddings...

Could someone more knowledgeable suggest when it would make sense to use the SentenceTransformers library vs for instance relying on the OpenAI API to get embeddings for a sentence?
“The Helixx vehicle platform can take up to six 2 kWh LFP (Lithium iron Phosphate (LFP) battery packs for a total capacity of 12 kWh and a range of 200 km (124 miles). If that's not enough for a taxi shift or a delivery run, it's just a matter of swapping batteries to be productive again. Charging times become irrelevant.”

The amount of charging time it takes to get your Tesla 120 miles of range might be comparable to the time it takes to swap these batteries. Fast charging is pretty fast once you’re plugged in, it’s the other stuff (finding the charger, waiting in line, etc.) that takes most of the time, and presumably that would be the same in this system.

Also EV mile ratings are possibly achievable, but due to battery life longevity concerns, you generally keep the battery between 20-80%, so the actual effective range is 60% of what’s rated. I’m assuming whoever is swapping these batteries doesn’t want you taking them to 0 and isn’t giving them to you at 100 because they don’t want them rapidly degrading.

Rapid charging and more battery seems to just be more efficient in every way than battery swapping.
Could you please briefly explain the indispensibility argument? (this being the first time I've run across the term; although if it's some philosophical thing I'm afraid I'm only interested in it as far as I'd be in the theological creation of the universe*)

My view of the relation between maths and physics is set out in
https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=39220159 , and because we go from physics to maths (f) and then back from maths to physics (f^-1), we can conjugate with any g,g^-1 pair, meaning that on the maths side we might as well mod out by isomorphics (only care about the partial order of equivalence classes of the preorder of structures)

(Similarly, we should find that we only care about the equivalence class [singular] of isomorphic realities [plural]?)

---

* this is not to say that I'm not interested; see https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=39886966

Assuming a God who creates Creations, do we wind up with a best possible (principal) Creation? all possible (perhaps trivially so) Creations? if there is a set of Creations created, are they directed? Theologically, what happens if we have an infinite number of finite Creations, each an appropriate approximation, and we pass to their supremum?
> arbitrary restriction of supply as the primary source of housing costs

Lack of supply only matters because of the excess demand. That's where the real issue is. But it's harder to fix the demand side, so we pretend that the problem is supply side.