skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
The authors have published this theory in Science, and this one is in Nature Communications. Probably any criticism we can come up with was provided during the review process.

I'm also unconvinced, but it is very difficult to criticize this theory fairly and from the internet at the moment.
Not unicode, 0x03

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Code_page_437#Character_set
Also shameless plug see $netw AI character token on uniswap :D
> I wish the AGA was more supportive of it rather than KGS.

Out of curiosity, why do you like OGS more? I find the UX of KGS to be way more intuitive.
You’re playing devil’s advocate so I won’t criticise :)

But I’ll add - cloud seeding might prevent heating, but it can’t prevent ocean acidification. Secondly, if one country or organisation came to dominate it, and the world settled into a rhythm of pumping more carbon dioxide into the atmosphere and artificially mitigating the heating effects… what happens if the political winds changed direction for even a few years? We’d potentially see centuries of heating in a short timespan.

Just look at Europe’s reliance on the US (through NATO) for protection and the efforts to become more independent now that a Trump presidency has opened their eyes to the risk that carries. Further fossil fuel burning would mean more and more geoengineering each year, putting control in the hands of fewer and fewer nations. One benefit of most suggested geoengineering efforts is that the particulates fall after a few years. If we came to depend on it (we shouldn’t!), that constant maintenance should terrify us.

It’s an imperfect, short-term solution that could sentence future generations to horrific consequences.
Yes and no. Latency across a stage is one reason why orchestras have conductors. An orchestra split across a stage can have enough latency between one side and another to cause chaos sans conductor. It takes noticeable time for sound to cross the stage.
As a lifelong musician, AI music has reached a level where it's able to write absolute bangers AND soulful music with feeling. Last weekend I listened to AI music all weekend long in absolute shock.

People will still want to go to concerts, but a lot of that music will either be written by, or inspired by AI.

This is one that I generated that has me convinced anyway. I made about 100 versions in different styles, but this makes my hair stand up.

https://app.suno.ai/song/77d97c83-8633-47d2-80b2-fe47952a6bc...

And a stoner rock banger:

https://app.suno.ai/song/2071317f-a5ba-4f1f-b77b-048d6ff03a9...

I mean, even if you don't think it's perfect, you re-record those and no one's going to know it's AI.
No one's thinking that far ahead because that would necessitate all this investment into AI having a greater return than just hype-driven valuation.

If the viability of what was sold as the applications of AI is true, then every person with a shred of foresight would be jumping in to make it happen.

So far, all we've gotten are mildly better replacements for auto-complete, search engines, and natural language processing for human-computer interfaces (all things already figured out in the 70s).

Either the people involved with the research and production of AI are myopic, lacking vision, or they understand -- whether consciously or unconsciously -- that what was sold cannot be done, and have simply resigned to fattening the hog for as long as they can before making their exits.

I'm of the opinion it's a mixture of both.
It’s still copyright infringement just like copying the latest Taylor swift album is.
Do you know how to talk to an LLM?
hehe, seems like it's making rounds again on the internet :)

doesn't make for a very good HN post unfortunately, it's really hard to describe this experience in a short title so most won't click on it
Watchflakes
I still have no idea what you're trying to say beyond vague insinuations.
Not to ruin your villain buzz, but a quick check shows that the same thing (zshell.dev ranks above zsh.org) is true of Bing and DDG also. It's probably closer to a root cause to say that zsh.org appears to be pretty pessimal from a search perspective, like it's being penalized for some reason. ohmyz.sh and the wikipedia page routinely rank at the top.
Another possible solution would be to simply... remove draws from the game. Instead of checkmating the goal becomes to capture the opponent's king.

Needless to say, no one likes this idea because it throws out of the window centuries of game theory. Endgames would be completely different. I'm not convinced it would be a less interesting game, though.
The Global Impact of Israeli "Defense" Technologies on Privacy and Human Rights
> "Buying Twitter is an accelerant to creating X, the everything app."

I mean, he definitely took the first step into making that happen by changing the name even if everybody laughed at him for it.
Excellent point. I'm not sure which came first, intensive animal husbandry or grain-based agriculture. Maybe livestock was the basis for the state.
It's not like NATO did any major nation building in Afghanistan or Iraq, at least nowhere near close to post-WW2 Germany... so in that point he did keep his promise. The entire world lost out as a result of that - there is a direct link from the failures in Afghanistan and Iraq to the Russian invasion into Ukraine.
I'm not sure what you mean. Wouldn't we have the same level of outage with per-rack UPSes?
Twirlip of the Mists agrees.

https://scifi.stackexchange.com/questions/10039/what-is-the-...
The bottom of the video said, “The person in the driver’s seat is only there for legal reasons. He is not doing anything. The car is driving itself.”

In fact, the person was there to prevent the car from accidentally killing someone.
My favorite opportunity for Marine Cloud Brightening is in the shipping industry. If container ships had saltwater aerosolizers or new fuel additives, it should be possible to bring back the shiptracks—these are the low marine clouds that were recently diminished due new clean fuel standards [1]. Those standards are great but they inadvertently increased the warming effect of shipping by about a third [2]. Ouch.

Solar is doubling in capacity every ~2.5 years — roughly a 25% annual growth rate [3]. That means, in 30 years, we might have some 1500 terawatts of solar. That would dwarf current fossil fuel use. The point is that shouldn't avoid figuring out the science of climate management (geoengineering etc) because we are afraid people will just keep using fossil fuels. We need to get the heat balance undercontrol before 30 years go by.

[1] https://www.nasa.gov/missions/aqua/nasa-study-finds-evidence...

[2] https://www.cbc.ca/news/science/marine-clouds-climate-change...

[3] https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/installed-solar-pv-capaci...
You’re awfully convinced about something you can provide 0 evidence for.
> ideally generative

How have you seen this done well? In my experience, this usually ends up being some hello-world type simplicity that doesn't really represent the real world use corner cases.
I'm a meteorologist. Feel like sharing?
Do papers like these ever make the data they generate publically avalible or are we expected to pay the same api fees if we ever want to verify the work?
The accepted approach used to be that the direction of play mattered. Now the AI has told us that no, just get locally-even results in all corners and you're fine. I never would've guessed!
It really is with Python. There are simply too many containers and container-like concepts. Lists, arrays, sets, dicts...
The reason why it can't be abused the same way is because of the nature of the paired-one-way-encryption system.

A normal password is one-way encrypted. The algorithm makes it easy to turn an input string into encrypted gibberish, but virtually impossible to take encrypted gibberish and turn it into a suitable input string. Your password is run through this "hash" algorithm and stored. To prove your authenticity, you provide the password and the system encrypts it the same way. If the gibberish matches, you must have known the original password. The problem is that this is subject to several attacks, notably a dictionary attack where you just have a big long list of known passwords. The attack encrypts each one and see if you find one that generates the same gibberish. So, let's take the user generated password out of the loop.

The trick is that symmetrical, public-pair encryption creates two keys, such that:

* A key used to encrypt a string or sign a blob cannot be used to decrypt or verify it (one-way).
* A key's pair is the only one that can decrypt or verify a signature (symmetrical).
* A completely random initial value (aka password) starts the process, but after which is no longer relevant to use.

With this, we can create two keys: one we hold to ourselves (private) and one we hand out (public). When we want to authenticate, it goes something like:

Server: Here is a blob of data I generated and encrypted with your public key, prove to me you know what I did.
Client: Sure thing. (Decrypts blob with private key, wraps it with a private key signature, hands it back). Here ya' go!
Server: OH.. Nice. Only you could have decrypted it, and only you can sign the results that match the public key I have on file for you. You must be you.

If the public key is stolen, it doesn't do the attacker any good. Anything it encrypts is only good for you, and anything that it signs can only be verified by you. In theory, the attacker could get you to authenticate with them and that would show you are you. But, your password manager generates a new key for every site and authenticates with the key it knows. Even if the attacker uses one of your keys, it doesn't work unless it is for the site in question, meaning a man-in-the-middle attack. But, this isn't about stopping that. That is what DNS certificates are for. Passkey prevents having anyone but you ever knowing what the password was.
Just finding the highest scoring word won’t make you all that good. If you played the highest scoring play available to you each turn you wouldn’t be that strong of a player. Maybe around top 200-500 or so in the US I would guess? And it’d be a super exploitable strategy by a decent player.

The reason is that you need to apply some rules, like when to trade vs. making a play, balancing consonants and vowels for future plays, what parts of the board are too dangerous to make certain plays in, etc. It’s because of the distribution of unplayed tiles, the high-scoring spots on the board, and the 50-point bonus for using all of your tiles.

Because of that, generally, you’ll do better by building towards a 50-point bonus play every 3 or 4 turns than by maxing your score on each turn.

I’d be curious about letting a human player play with the assistance of the best bot available and seeing how much better that would make them. I guess part of the issue though is that in a 13 play game maybe 3 plays are meaningfully difficult. So it’d take awhile to see if the human is improving on the bot or not.
The amount of toiling they could do without dying was calorically limited. Having lethargy induced by a shortage of food doesn’t necessarily mean a preferable lifestyle.
Phew so glad we've fixed that war problem. Sadly defence spending is a bit like vaccinations.
I'd add support for f16, f32, and add sliders for thresholding. Basically what software like RenderDoc does to visualise GPU buffers.

Name suggestion: pixelunk - pixel spelunking
If France were to be at war with a nation knocking on our borders, our policy nowadays is to fire a nuclear-tipped ASMPA missile as a warning shot. We do not rely on our conventional forces or anyone else to safeguard our sovereignty should it escalate to that.

Our army and arms industry have suffered heavy cuts for thirty years after the end of the Cold War, prioritizing quality over quantity, but we've kept what we call a modèle d'armée complet, or an army with a complete set of capabilities, alongside the arms industry to sustain it. Said arms industry after spending decades surviving on frugal orders is now in the process of scaling up production substantially. It takes time, but we've already tripled production of Caesar self-propelled artillery with another doubling in sight for example.

If push comes to shove, we might take some time to wake up from our slumber, but we're French. Picking a fight with the Gallic rooster is usually a bad decision.
This website is basically:

https://getyarn.io/yarn-clip/7642cb5d-2298-485f-aa5c-7bc0abf...
There's a whole lot more direct link between the appeasement of Russia at the 2008 NATO summit to the invasions of Georgia (2008) and Ukraine (2014), but I suppose Iraq and Afghanistan are distantly relevant.
Stable LM 2 12B
Add about two zeros to what the West collectively can build.
Really I feel like HN is the worst for discussion. Look at all these long empty comments. There’s nothing of substance here.
Geoengineering from a political engineering website: politico.com. We are scientistic.
If I had to wager a guess, the upcoming Robotaxi event will amount to “we’re shipping this in 2028,” and when that deadline comes and goes, the scapegoat will be government regulations.
Histograms for Probability Density Estimation: A Primer
Question, apologize if slightly off-topic, it's something I'd like to use this project for: Is there an example of how to train GPT-2 on time series, in particular with covariates?

As my understanding of LLM goes at a basic level it's predicting the next token from previous tokens, which sounds directionally similar to time series (perhaps letting aside periodicity).
Some other instruction sets in some JSON: https://github.com/asmjit/asmjit/tree/master/db
What about the Psalms? Was David gaga over some bloodthirsty god or was he singing his heart out for a God worthy of Love?
What makes it useful to you?
I'd like to think he took the name from my llm.f90 project https://github.com/rbitr/llm.f90

It was originally based off of Karpathy's llama2.c but I renamed it when I added support for other architectures.

Probable a coincidence :)
Ahh takes me back!

In 2009 I wrote a lib to auto-generate Ruby bindings for Vala code. It gave a very pleasant API to create native extensions for Ruby, if you were happy using glib.

https://github.com/danlucraft/valar
It seems the issue is the metric used for performance is incorrect, along with the compensation for the hard/big projects.
Thanks for the article. Benji Edwards's earlier article was the first time I really became aware of Vector's existence. There are noticeably fewer mentions of the company in Freiberger and Swaine's Fire in the Valley (1984) than, say, Cromemco, and far fewer than IMSAI.
But this was what literally happened. All routers today support NAT and most of them actively use it. Isn't it a magical form of extended IPv4 address space? Could have been easily done in less band-aid fashion instead of chasing IPv6.
> Breaking compatibility on Windows has always ended up badly for Microsoft, as it goes against the culture they themselves created on the PC.

I would say it was less of a culture and much more of a marketing/lock-in strategy that worked extremely well for decades. Firstly by being the most popular windowing environment that still ran MS-DOS apps, then being the only windowing game in town when they rug-pulled OS/2. That consolidation enabled Office to become dominant and that compatibility took over as the cudgel to keep the world locked to Windows.

Microsoft, for the first time, is betting against their own OS with the web version of Office. I can rent Office on a monthly basis and run whatever OS I please to access it (mostly). But if I no longer absolutely have to have an Intel based Windows machine that lock-in has to shift to Office online.

What processor you have will be irrelevent to them, they'll dump native app development as soon as they can because it's no longer part of their bulwark of defences, it's now an encircling trap they need to break out of.
Looking forward to your patches!
You are doing that right now though because you want attention, don’t you see how ironic your comment is? You’re the noise.
because most of Electric Clojure's commercial users and prospects are European startups (I am the founder)
There are many situations when this is for all practical purposes impossible.

For example a King vs King endgame. Even really weak players will never accidentally put their king next to the opponent.
De-Nazification effectively stopped once the US realised that Germany would be more useful as an ally against the Soviet Union, so in the first years of the new state you had former Nazis in important positions. It really was the next generation of Germans who, in the 60s, demanded more thorough denazification.
You can't know if it's correct until the customer tells you it is.

If they don't use it, it doesn't matter if you did a good job.

Just get something in front of them. Then work to improve.
What is the use case for this? Is the idea that it can automatically turn a package into a portable package, effectively? Or is it so you can install multiple versions of the same software without conflict between them?
French military doctrine: We will Nuke you as a warning. If that doesn't get the message across, we will empty our nuclear arsenal until all of your miserable cities are rubble and your farmlands are glass.
I’ve experienced it.

But only at companies that don’t give a shit about test coverage %. The percent kills the purpose of the tests, which is certainty.
"To be fair, that was almost true."

No, it was not even close to "almost true" except for hype from the various hypesters.

Waymo currently operates in TWO areas, not three. Phoenix and San Fran are not "fairly difficult." Come to Michigan in the winter for difficult. Come to Denver in the winter. Waymo has (wisely) selected areas that are either very simple in layout, that have sympathetic governments, or both. And what other competitors are out there with "strong technology"?

Robotaxis are a novelty. Just like the monorail at Disneyland.
at least as described, would not be sufficient to remove draws from the game - but would remove stalemates
There’s also active downvote bots that search for phrases like GOP and flag them immediately… watch.
[dupe]

Proper link: https://www.npr.org/2024/04/07/1241841908/apple-pay-phone-cr...

More discussion: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=39969547
Your typical company, even if it has hundreds of racks, usually at the scale and workloads needed at Google, where you can plug off the racks and not really notice it.
Built a social media app where you can write post in a Notion like rich text editor in 6 nights. BNA offers a suite of user-friendly tools to ignite creativity and make knowledge sharing accessible to everyone. Your feedback is highly valued don't hesitate to share it with me.
I am a bit fascinated[1] by the "verified" version, as it fetches from the same URL twice. First I found it inefficient, but since they are doing these request for every zsh startup an extraneous request is probably not seen as a performance problem. Then I realised that the data they verify the hash of is not the same copy of the data that they load: An attacker controlling the server at the curl'ed URL could serve a different file on the second request, which in turn reminded me of a blog post describing how to detect `curl | bash` server side[2][3].

I think the lesson of this small aspect of the "zi" tale is that one should strive to have a single source of truth (a single copy of the data served at the URL), and that in security contexts one needs to be very precise with exactly which guarantees have been established for which data at which point in time: it is surprisingly easy to implicitely add an assumption like "GET requests returning 200 OK behave like pure functions".

[1]: Though this might just be me piling on the mockery of their project, for my own amusement and schadenfreude.

[2]: https://www.idontplaydarts.com/2016/04/detecting-curl-pipe-b..., alternatively https://web.archive.org/web/20240406132938/https://www.idont..., discussed here e.g. https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=11532599 (122 comments)

[3]: I am not sure if zsh behaves like bash in this case, as in: Does zsh only read part its input before it starts executing commands?
IBM 705 Electronic Data Processing Machine (EDPM) (1955) [pdf]
If the data is continuous, use kernel density estimation (KDE) instead of histograms to visualize the probability density, since KDE will give a smoother fit. A similar idea is to fit a mixture of normals -- there are numerous R packages for this and sklearn.mixture.GaussianMixture in SciPy.
> in lockstep with the audiences realization

Perfect wording! I tell people the hardest problem, in my work, is getting people to see there is a problem. The crazy workarounds that people will come up with, to avoid the root issue, are really incredible.
I've rarely had a task assigned to me that was well-defined enough to even know if I completed it. Usually there is good intentions, but the people above you just don't have time to dig into the details of what it is they think they are assigning to you. This also means that they can't really check up on you too well, either. The trick is to just dig in, do some research, do stuff (ideally stuff that genuinely needs doing, that you can accomplish, and is related to the "task" you have been given), and report on it confidently. Eventually people will consider you an expert on that issue/area and will defer to you about what needs to be done. Once you hit this point, you can make a list of "nice to haves" in this area, throw them on the backlog, and declare yourself done. If you're recognized as the main expert on that subject, it will be tough for people to argue with you.
Directed energy weapons are still in their early days, they're not powerful enough to just shrug off all sorts of potential countermeasures the way a solid chunk of metal hitting the target does.
Help us out? I really would like to hear your advice / thoughts / experience in private. Please find me via email (no getting making this public unfortunately)!
Ideally you want to prepare for war _before_ the war actually starts.

The perception doesn't come from a paranoid nation, but the fact that a neighbor is actually at war and the invader keep telling that after that it will be your turn.
Prototype could pave the way for constant energy all the time – from space
Similar to how it has been done with phone numbers. I saw this done in Brazil for example. You add a digit to the front and put all existing address on 0.*. Short number dials are assumed to be 0.*. Update OS and hardware. Then you allocate across the new digit much later as time goes on.

The thing with phone infrastructure though is that it is centralized. So may happen in a reasonably coordinated rollout. Global internet is a lot more distributed so it would take a very long time.

The open question is, would it take longer than IP6 has? Maybe not. Part of the reason I didn't care to use it early was because of the long addresses. If we could get a five byte address written in hex it would be somewhat user friendly.
You’re right :) I misread your comment as saying there was no scenario where we should resort to it, and I meant to raise the question of if there could be one day.
That's the opening line of Anna Karenina.

https://www.gutenberg.org/cache/epub/1399/pg1399-images.html...
Their first paper on rice theory was cited like 2000 times, so you can check if anybody debunked this theory. I haven't.

I was also surprised to see that this theory has been published in reputable journals (like Science and Nature Communications). So, odds are that critics haven't made strong arguments on this theory so far.
The day I bought 8 "broken" Wii Us (2020)
Not recommended but these bad boys make a lot of things work, and cause a lot of damage!
https://m.media-amazon.com/images/I/61A5WvzcgsL._AC_UL960_QL...