skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
These are frustrating.

I understand that it's too exceptionalist / nationalist to give the USA a special slot at the top, but ... If I'm on an English page registering for something run by an American company, there's really good odds that I'm in the USA.

Could we just do the top 3 by population, before switching to alphabetic? I'm willing to hit Down twice to get past India and China.
Some may only want encryption between their key custodian and the recipient or their custodian. Email without encryption cannot guarantee it won't be snooped on by any of the other parties involved in transporting it. In practice big providers may be able to ensure that, but email is federated so it's impractical to do that with every provider unless there's a standard.
Any study recommendations (beginner friendly to advanced) on this topic i.e. Probability/Randomness and Computation?

Google brings up Probability and Computing: Randomization and Probabilistic Techniques in Algorithms and Data Analysis by Eli Upfal and Michael Mitzenmacher but i can't find any beginner/introductory books/articles/videos.
Yea, I'm looking pretty wrong. I guess the word fits. I think the existence of a JIT and a pseudo-machine you can "code" to, inside a system which provides execution primitives and a memory model and some kind of IO, means to a world view outside that pseudo machine you're embedded inside it. So from the outside shell your run Hy by executing Hy inside Python. it's embedded.

Colour me wrong.
It's good practice to throw an exception from your own namespace if you're writing a library.

You don't want to expose an implementation detail like some specific exception as part of your public API and have to worry about breaking that later.

You could overload some built in exception but IMO that's not the best practice. You muddy your API and a caller has to wrap your exception if they want to bubble it up and catch it specifically, anyway.
I'll have to dig deeper into it to put together some sorbet.run code and identify which issues are the most serious. I'll share with the community group whenever I have things worth posting.

That said, in general, I often end up rewriting things a different way if something doesn't work, and the vast majority of the time that is good enough for me. But it takes time to find the one solution that doesn't create unacceptable bloat or complexity, and even then it is not as simple as I think it could be if there was another layer of polish to the Sorbet ergonomics (don't get me wrong, it's already in a good spot considering where Ruby was before that). Though someone actually complained to my boss that I spend too much time getting things working with Sorbet instead of "just shipping it", even though one of my main areas of responsibility is with architecture.

This is where having redundant features (multiple ways to accomplish the same thing) could be of some benefit, but I'll have to think about it some more with specifics. And I understand from looking through the repository that it's not an easy task to add features at all, so I'm thankful enough for what it is there as it has made my job much easier overall.

The main thing I struggle with regarding generics is the scenario where you must have separate type_template and type_member for class methods vs instance methods, and there are many use cases where these values are equal. But there is no way to tell sorbet that they are equal, requiring casts which makes the code less readable and often frustrating to write.

I also think that on a broader level, based on my searches, that the ruby community criticizes the idea of Sorbet for the reasons I mentioned in my previous comment. Adding more polish to the ergonomics, even when difficult or seemingly unreasonable, could do more for the branding of the project, which would lead to more community adoption, which would lead to better "just-works" type support with many common ruby libraries that are currently untyped. That could be a massive improvement to the status quo IMO. But it's hard to say because it could also end up not really moving the needle...

Appreciate all the work you've done! C++ isn't my strong point but someday I hope to find time to do a deep dive on the internals of the project.
Indeed, there is a reason for the saying "what comes around, goes around". In this case, a prestige project that the Saudis try to market themselves to the world as modern and green and ambitious, but they still are quite authoritarian in the end.
Designing a Tagged Union type in C++/Subspace (2022)
Bash's completion has caused me to waste a lot of time operating on the wrong file because it "knew" something was the only match based on the format when it really wasn't.

Didn't know about M-/ -- handy to have a solution that works on other people's systems.
Are there any good Blazor websites out there?

I'm not sure if I've ever encountered one in the wild, but to be fair I wasn't really looking.
I think that in general, "use solution A to problem X to solve problem Y instead" is, in principle, a valid patent - assuming that it's not obvious that solution A would help with problem Y. After all, patents are about "how do I solve problem Y", not about the general algorithms themselves.

However, the "it's not obvious" part is very important. Not working in the field, it's not at all clear to me if using DNS for data was an obvious idea in ~2000 for building a distributed DB or not.
I was told that by 1946 almost every French farmer from Normandy to the Ardennes had at least one Jerry Can.
Where exactly have they put forward a proposal? I checked on pornhub's FAQ and Press section, and on their parent company Aylo's site. I see nothing. What is the proposal they have? That we put some liability on sites and browser/OS vendors to implement RTA headers? Including non-commercial (e.g. FOSS) distributors? That seems like a much larger abridgement on speech, and without it, you could trivially work around the filter by e.g. running Konqueror off a flash drive.

As far as I know RTA headers date back to IE6, and have gone mostly unimplemented (neither Firefox nor Chromium have any parental control options in their settings). It's actually hard to find any information about it. I only know about it from trying to find out how the old IE parental controls dialog was supposed to work. It's almost entirely undocumented anywhere.

This article[0] claims pornhub is in favor of mandating age verification, but at the "device level" whatever that means (likely it doesn't mean anything).

So what's been proposed? To which lawmakers have they presented these proposals? Have they just gone completely ignored? Where are their press releases urging people get their solution passed?

You said they placed large banners in certain states. Why not in all states? Or are they only placing banners after they've already had regulation passed against them?

The ruling from the 00s was based on technology at the time, and considered what seemed to be the least invasive way to feasibly do it. At that time, you could actually run a network-level filter. Conceivably your ISP could do it for you. That is almost impossible now, and will be completely impossible soon (except very coarse filters like geo-bans or protocol filters).

So your remaining options are (1) do nothing, (2) put requirements on companies/customers (and use geo-network filters for sites outside jurisdiction), or (3) put requirements on end-software/device providers (and porn companies). There is of course precedent for (3) (the V-Chip), but it's not even clear that that's less onerous than (2). Especially since in the meantime there's actually been an industry that's developed and can make id verification take a couple seconds. I can answer some questions without presenting any documents to satisfy bank KYC regulations; maybe some of the wording is overly vague but it seems existing commercial systems for id verification would fit the intent for "commercially reasonable" systems. As far as I understand, laws are supposed to be vague in the sense of saying things like "reasonable" in order to allow "reasonable" to change over time.

Note also that this new crop of laws seems to all be about commercial services. Mastodon, etc. are not in scope (unless your Mastodon instance is a commercial porn site). They also have the now-standard exceptions for things with literary/artistic/political/educational value. The "porn is speech" issue is tautologically handled by saying the laws only apply to the non-speech variety.

[0] https://www.cityweekly.net/utah/utahs-elected-leaders-push-n...
>All in all, I think it's up to us (as a society) to just be accepting of differing opinions. Everything is polarizing now and anyone outside the collective groupthink is ostracized

When has a society ever been accepting of different opinions, past a certain threshold? I can't think of any examples to be honest.

In the pre-internet past, it wasn't that much of a problem, because there wasn't much diversity, and highly differing opinions were isolated from each other because of geography. People only talked with other local people, who usually didn't travel much, and wider dissemination of ideas came from the press, which was controlled by a relatively small group of people and didn't just publish every person's opinion willy-nilly.

Now we're exposed to opinions from people all around the globe. We've never had to deal with this before.
https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=39721301
And now he's sold it to twitter and pocketed the cash.
I want to say how much this means to me that you wrote this. I feel hopeful again. Thank you.
Yea but the gateway can be compromised, so that is insecure
To my understanding Intel tried to move from x86 with Itanium. That's the consumers who wanted it to linger around.
Even Knuth uses the MIX assembly language for his hypothetical MIX CPU in The Art of Computer Programming, and those series of books are higher level than Compute Architecture courses.
They uploaded PGP key to open directory and then verified email, what is this as not an active decision?
"The light from the blast travels through the cosmos and makes it appear as if a new star—as bright as the North Star, according to NASA—has suddenly just popped up in our night sky for a few days."
"vaguely disgusting" has another dimension in the modern era. I read once that by contemporary standards human bodies are essentially hazardous waste and every graveyard is essentially a superfund site.
But you can do file association on the web https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/Progressive_web...
Use an LLM to automagically generate meaningful Git commit messages
Found the "should" statement at the end. I think more political takes should have a "should" statement. Maybe up top, even.

> All of this should scare you a bit.

I don't think the world benefits much from me being scared or worried about world war.

I have to tactically vote Democrat either way because the Republican party is off their rockers and maybe has been since before I was even born.

Beyond that, I don't think I have much influence over global politics - I'm pretty busy with my own life. I suppose I could change my own actions - Get some PV panels and batteries and a plug-in hybrid in case war changes the economics of energy and fuel production. Or simply because I already wanted those things for fun.

More Americans should vote Democrat with me.
An Engineering Experiment to Cool the Earth
Have you tried C# for those kinds of things? It's normally the same level of abstraction as Java, and has similarly mature ecosystem with stable APIs, but it also has unsigned types, unmanaged data and function pointers (with pointer arithmetic), unions, the equivalent of alloca etc for when you need to go low-level.
Wonder why he never replied…
But aren't there real architectures that are simple enough? Z80, MOS 6502, Pic, AVR?
Also, as always, a great potential for abuse :(
> Of course, Australia has a quietly privacy-phobic regulatory regime so we can guarantee [1] that Five Eyes countries and possibly others are reading emails sent through Fastmail.

That’s a wildly unfair characterisation, and not in the slightest bit supported by your citation. The Assistance and Access Act which that article is talking about (though it doesn’t even name it!), although a dodgy piece of legislation in the opinion of most technologists, is completely irrelevant to Fastmail, because Fastmail doesn’t offer end-to-end encryption. Fastmail was always subject to the Telecommunications Act, which allows Australian police access with warrants, and Fastmail has always made no bones about the fact that it complies with legal warrants. But that’s nothing like what you’re describing.

(Disclosure: I was a Fastmail employee from 2017–2020.)
There is a reimplementation of xz here at least https://github.com/gendx/lzma-rs
Another poster I think put it better: what the patent is describing is essentially building a DNS system for data. Claim 1 describes how DNS forwarders work (the "client" is a DNS client, the "server" is a DNS forwarder, and the "data location server" is a DNS authoritative name server). Claim 10 then describes how a DNS recursive resolver works (the "client" is the rescursive resolver, and the "data location servers" are authoritative name servers). Claims 17 and 18 then essentially describe the full distributed DB that uses this DNS-like mechanism for retrieval.

The sub-claims are just covering minor variations of the implementation, and can safely be ignored in general in any patent.
Anybody would be forced to scale that back.
Ah very nice, thank you kind internet friend.
In any case there's little point to worrying about things you can't affect or change. No amount of worry will prevent a war.

I honestly think this is false. Americans have decided to turn their back on many issues going on outside their borders, especially Ukraine.

Russia invading large areas of Europe is definitely how World War 3 will start, Putin is pushing us closer to that place each day the US stalls giving Ukraine more aid. If there was a strong deterrent, Putin would back off, but he and Xi are watching this and getting ideas about conquest. There also seems to be quite a strong alliance and cooperation between N Korea, China, Russia and Iran forming. While we're not helping our friends and allies out, the enemy seems to be growing stronger and getting more organized.

Why let this threat continue to grow?

I'm really, really shocked about how much the USA is aiding Russia to succeed.
This is what HN is all about. This probably isn't your next big LLM project but its a wonderfully simple example that shows what is happening underneath the hood. Do you plan on writing up something like a blog post to go with it?
Shuffle is different, it is not a foundational SIMD instruction, it is actually a good example of an extension that can be added later as an add-on that does not require a complete code rewrite.

Whereas each of the MMX, SSE and AVX extensions was effectively a new instruction set, AND each had its own register set – 64, 128, 256 and 512 bit registers. Later generations (i.e. AVX2 and AVX-512) are better thought out, but, e.g. MMX – I do not think anyone uses it today, yet it is present in the silicon as the dead space.

Prior art existed long before – Cray had vector instructions first, so it is not like Intel had to invent them from scratch.
Simplicity. A real CPU is way more complicated than the toy cpus used.
Everyone has one, I just made a script to print all the files in the current folder to the terminal. I have .context-ignore files to exclude some patterns, similar to .gitignore The first file is a README.md that contains my initial description of what I am working on. At the end I type a new command. I copy & paste the text into chatGPT web interface.

I think I used it for 10-15 rounds of iteration on my latest project and it generated about 50% of the code of a web app with Python backend. Pretty sweet and costs nothing on top of the web subscription. The funny part is that I was using this AI coding tool to build another AI tool to manage a collection of prompts and demonstrations including automatic prompt evaluation, so I was using an AI tool to make another AI tool.
It's not about Miles VorKosigan.
Unfortunately I am having to support like 3 OSes.

4 if you count the Linux kernel of 2020 as distinct from the Linux kernel of 2024.

A userspace, in-process solution is very very appealing until everyone is on Linux of 2024+.
There is no contradiction, as (1) does not say that "each record is located on a (exactly one) single separate line". But it could be better phrased, like "two consecutive records are separated by...".

This is the "mathematical a", which does not mean "exactly one" but "at least one, and we don't care how many, we already did the interesting work". Like in "this problem has a solution".
Accessibility enhancement are not just meant for power users though. Some people depend on those.
I imagine a number of stolen works are hanging in powerful people's penthouse suites. None of their confidants are going to rat them out.
No one doubts that Chinese people work incredibly long hours. They do so because there’s been a strong link between input and output. The harder you work, the wealthier you get. That has been incredibly motivating … so far. In an economy that isn’t growing quite so fast, people might not see the same returns for their labour that they did between 2001-19. They might not work as hard.

That’s speculation though. What we do know is that the CCP is changing the way of managing the economy. Between 1992 and 2019 they leaned heavily on the private sector for growth. They would do anything they needed to help private enterprise succeed. That approach paid rich dividends, it’s obvious.

Xi Jinping is going a different way now though. He reckons he knows better than Deng, the architect of the Chinese economic miracle. His approach is to pick winners and losers. It may succeed because he’s picked good horses so far - EVs, solar panels, AI, semiconductors. And state led capitalism has had success in China, with major players like Huawei doing well despite major headwinds.

Because of this shift in approach you can’t extrapolate from the success of 2001-19 and say China’s future success is inevitable.
Questions:

1. What is the size of the install required to get C# to run on a computer without Windows or MacOS installed

2. What is the size of the install for this C# library

Just curious
The workshop I used had a dozen plus false pops due to people cutting wet wood or similar issues. None of the blades were worth saving due to significant warping or damage.

I guess we’re just living in different worlds.
I might be misinterpreting the blurb above, but isn't this a JavaScript implementation of a Markov Chain [1]?

[1] https://towardsdatascience.com/text-generation-with-markov-c...
I've never lost my Sony buds but the battery in one doesn't charge anymore
Very, very impressive. It will be very interesting to see how much of crystal is supported, of IO and fibers and gc etc.
The whole idea of a linear city is daft. A circle is way more efficient at getting around. The dimensions of the Line are, of course, silly as well.
> Using figures from 2019, the study looked at the direct cost of car crashes—everything from the price of emergency response, medical expenses, court fees, congestion, the cost of property damage, you name it. NHTSA found that the total hit to the economy in just that one year was $340 billion.

> The NHTSA study also looked at broader quality of life costs—things like what happens when a family’s primary breadwinner is killed, or when someone has to adjust to a life-altering injury. Adding those impacts brought the total cost of societal harm from motor vehicle crashes to $1.4 trillion.

There are 228 million drivers in the US. Assuming no cost to administer the insurance, just the first figure is:

340 billion / 228.2 million = $1,490/year/driver

and the 2nd figure is 1.4 trillion / 228.2 million = $6,135/year/driver

Essentially, drivers would need to, on average, pay $511/month to completely cover the damages caused in auto crashes. And that's per driver, so a household with 2 drivers would chip in $1022/mo.
How are you supposed to not infringe on patents that were not granted yet?
We used an on-paper PDP-11 :/
and who owns the satellites ?
It always pains me to say, but when processing tabular data from sources I don't personally control, I prefer xlsx format. It's usually well supported by most export processes (in contrast to e.g. the LibreOffice equivalent) and I never had problems finding a library that can parse it. And you never have to solve the "anything goes" CSV problems you're talking about.
Gall's Law holds true

> A complex system that works is invariably found to have evolved from a simple system that worked. A complex system designed from scratch never works and cannot be patched up to make it work. You have to start over with a working simple system.
The one feature of an HP Elitebook that could perhaps be called ”Elite” is that they come with smart card readers built in. USB-readers also exist.
My favorite painting is by my wife’s grandmother’s childhood neighbor who only showed one painting in her life (circa 1963). I’m sure that an art critic would tear it to pieces, but to me it’s beautiful. I feel lucky to have it in my house. It’s starting to deteriorate and I need to find somebody to restore it, but I don’t want to entrust it to anybody I can afford.
> these long exposure photos aren’t quite what the human eye sees; it’s more like green tinted moonlight

Awesome that it can be done at all but sounds like the images give an exaggerated impression of the glow.
FTA: “However, it has long attracted scepticism and criticism, not least after the reported execution of several members of the Howeitat tribe who had protested over plans to construct on their ancestral lands.”

I also see a link to https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2020/may/04/i... to the left of that text on that page
Interesting. Given that '180 is assigned to InfoBlox and '170 is assigned to Econnectix like the other 2 patents, I believe that '170 is more likely to be the patent they actually used in the suit, and the verdict form has a typo.
The web had such a size that a catalog like Yahoo or Moz could cover a significant part of it. (I remember how Netscape was released, and how cool it was compared to Mosaic.)
Not saying the US model is the best, but having a fascist state like China would be worse. To quote Churchill: democracy is the worst form of government – except for all the others that have been tried.
Yuck, that RFC 4180 actually quotes Postel's poorly considered "law" and recommends that it be followed. Why have a RFC then. If you're going to be liberal in what you accept, then the RFC is just a suggestion.

Plus it's not just defining CSV but actually a CSV MIME format (what?) and thus insists that since CSV is MIME wire data, it must use CR-LF line breaks, rather than assume that data can be converted to an operating system's text file format, and native line breaks.

You'd think that CSV could be defined without reference to MIME whatsoever, using abstract line breaks; and that it's a no-brainer that since it is text, it can be MIME-encoded as a plain text type.
If UNIX means "a certified unix that isn't MacOS" the answer is 0 bytes (actually more like 0/0 bytes).
As I read it, that's their point. They're responding to people who are asking them "why don't you do PGP?" (like Proton does), and their answer is a pretty well-reasoned "because that doesn't make much sense - it doesn't mitigate against any actual threats".

Which kinda begs the question about what Proton thinks they're doing by implementing PGP on behalf of their users...?