skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
The far-reaching implication of Goodhart's Law[1] is that incentives are inherently hackable.

Let's say we follow your proposed incentives: how do we, as a company, prevent inmates from re-offending after release? Well, let's just not release any but the prisoners who are least likely to re-offend! No need to waste funds on expensive rehabilitation: just come up with an accurate means of estimating a convict's chances of re-offending, and accuse them of bad behavior so they never make parole. Problem solved!

And sure, I'm not expecting you to draft a whole incentive structure in an HN post, but any incentive structure that anyone could come up with is going to have holes like that.

Fundamentally, the problem is not that incentives are wrong, it's that some people are only incentivized by money, and no matter what conditions we put between them and money, it's not going to be the same as being incentivized by helping people. People who are only incentivized by money are not good people and we need to stop naively pretending that's fixable with tweaks to the incentive structure.

As long as there is money to be made in controlling human rights, the fox is in charge of the henhouse. We need to take money out of situations like this.

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goodhart%27s_law
Some other thoughts: how many popular open source projects only have 1-2 maintainers? I guess there is a way to do a search. I assume 5+ is safer, if they are of different humans.
But....I mean, for that 5-10%, we have to spend MORE THAN DOUBLE the energy we get from burning carbon....wouldn't we just be better of not burning the carbon?

It doesn't compute.

I mean, you get my point, right? That 5-10%, supposedly we couldn't get it from some renewable source....we could only get it from burning fossils fuels. So where is the energy going to come from to suck the CO2 back out of the air again? By hypothesis, we didn't have any more renewable energy to use. But you can't clean the air by burning fossils fuels--thermodynamics says that you will always release more C02 than you could recapture.
You might want to take another look at the calendar. WWII came to an end a long time ago.
Regarding issues with Safari, they recently made a change where in order to get WebRTC data channels, you no longer had to request get user media permissions. This was the case before. It's still the case on Safari Mobile right now. But you can just say, request mic access, establish the connection, and once it's established, you just drop the mic access. In my case, typically about one to two seconds. So there are indeed quirks on Safari.
A far more accurate title would be “Nine writers on their drug addictions and experiences,” because very little of this article has anything to do with ADHD or the legitimate therapeutic uses of Adderall.

Also telling that none of the writers reflected on how their behavior contributes to the absurd hoops people like me have to jump through to actually access the drug (when we can get it at all, anyways).

If you’ve got ADHD, don’t bother reading it. It’s just infuriating.
Weeelll, "freeway driving" depends on the freeway and time of day.

For too many freeways, for too much of the day, I can ride a bicycle at speeds greater than the surrounding traffic.

And in those conditions hybrids, and electric cars are perfect.
r/SkincareAddiction Out of all posts comments from 2023:

and: #1
skin: #23
acne: #55
because #97
actually #263
> I'm pointing out that classical (non-quantum) scratch-off lottery tickets can have the property you described.

No, if A always scratches the left, and B alternates between left and right, your classical trick of having some tickets with two winners and some with two losers won’t produce the correct win distributions for B’s choices.

The CHSH game is an attempt at explaining the experiment. The core of CHSH is a formula describing an expected distribution: `S = E(a, b) - E(a, b') + E(a', b) + E (a', b')`, where classical explanations can achieve an S with magnitude approaching 2. Experiments arriving at an S > 2 are said to support the quantum theory.
Those filesystems also don't trust their input and check bounds correctly. Mounting a malicious ext* partition can trigger code execution so it's never auto mounted and shouldn't be used on removable drives. This is a really weird limitation that the other common file systems don't have
JRR Tolkien knew Lang's work very well and Tolkien's essay On Fairy-stories was originally presented, in an earlier version, as the (annual?) Andrew Lang Lecture at the University of Saint Andrews in 1939.

The essay is not only an incredible work itself, but has quite a bit to say about Lang, and remember Tolkien was a leading scholar as a day job. Tolkien writes, regarding the study of myth, "Philology has been dethroned from the high place it once had in this court of inquiry." My edition's editors, Verlyn Flieger and Douglas Anderson, flesh out that story:

"And Andrew Lang, as Tolkien well knew, was the man who pushed philology off its throne. Lang found and ruthlessly exposed the logical fallacies in using philological evidence to support the solar theory, turning for his own answers to another new discipline, anthropology. Lang and his supporters (like Muller he was not alone in the fight) proposed that rather than the degraded remnants of natural forces the problematic elements in the tales were the survivals of animal-worship and animistic magic. Lang's Darwinian assumption that fairy-stories were leftovers from the childhood of human development led to the corollary assumption that the tales were therefore leftover fare for human children, who would in the course of time, like the human race in general, mature into adulthood and put away childish things."

Another tidbit: Lang's Green Fairy Book was published the year Tolkien was born and it contains the story, "The Enchanted Ring". In it, the young protagonist is given a ring that makes them invisible but also very powerful, if they never make bad use of it ...

But such treasures of knowledge can lead us to trick ourselves: Tolkien probably didn't read the book that year (how precocious was the young JRR?) and Richard Wagner wrote Der Ring des Nibelungen - featuring a similar corrupting magic ring - before the Green Fairy Book came out. Tolkien despised Wagner, and likely all got their myths from somewhere prior.
There's quite a few reasons that could be illegal, especially if it's trying to avoid debt etc. Not saying that is the case here, but there is such a (very rampant) thing called corporate crime that could violate both the letter and the spirit of the law; the latter certainly warranting some investigation – if not a bit of outrage.
you must exist in a very narrow sect of society.
We have the tech today. Its just 1) too expensive, and 2) thermodynamics says it always will take more energy to suck the C02 out than we got from putting it there, so what's the point?
Top journalism school warns students to avoid 'microaggressions'
This wasn't caused by not reviewing the code of a dependency. This was a core maintainer of xz, who gradually gained trust and control of the project, and was then able to merge changes with little oversight. The failure was in the maintenance of xz, which would of course be much more difficult to catch in dependent projects. Which is why it's so impressive that it was spotted by an OpenSSH user. Not even OpenSSH maintainers noticed this, which points to a failure in their processes as well, to a lesser degree.

I do agree that it's unreasonable to review the code of the entire dependency tree, but reviewing own code thoroughly and direct dependencies casually should be the bare minimum we should expect maintainers to do.
I mean…Zuckerberg knew they can walk away legally, right?
that's truly a terrible metaphor. an ADD/ADHD diagnosis is not physiological. and neither myopia nor hyperopia are psychological.
> timezones, RTC, DNS resolution, providing getpwent/getgrent, inetd, VMs and containers, bootloader

How many of those are you actually required to use systemd for? At least for DNS, inetd, containers and bootloader I'm pretty sure I run a few different alternatives across my systems. I think major distros (running systemd) still ship with different dns and inetd, for containers its a lot more common to use a docker-like (probably docker or podman) than it is to use systemd-nspawn.

> oh and you also have to add significant complexity in other things (like the kernel!) to use it, like namespaces (which have been a frequent source of vulnerabilities)

Namespaces were implemented before systemd, have been used before systemd in widely used systems (for example LXC and many others). Namespaces and similar kernel features are not tied to systemd.
this is now possible in every IDE thanks to tree-sitter.
Yeah it was real. Conducted in 1948 by Peter N Witt, the experiment was funded by NASA.
You're right, but the jails in this particular case are public.
Because the engine isn’t the only thing being optimized. Suppose your options are 50 miles of effective plug in range and a 40% efficient engine or a 35% efficient engine and a 100 miles of plug in range. The second option might use a lot less gas.

It’s not just the cost of batteries that’s a concern resulting in short plug in hybrid ranges. Weight is a real limiting factor when you also need a gas engine and large fuel tank.
In some parts of the world, we have already reached that stage. For example in the US, everyone has enough food, energy and entertainment. But guess what is one of the biggest source of discontent? Housing, which is indirectly tied to land via zoning laws. Capitalism or AGI cannot really solve the problem of limited desirable land and politics, unfortunately.
paint.net is one of the only pieces of software that I miss from Windows. After having started with Tux Paint, I found paint.net extremely intuitive and easy to use (very nice for making goofy memes in middle/high school, and quick/easy drawings). I think that even after not having used it for years I am still more productive in it than I am in, say, Photoshop or GIMP.
I found "aquarium cycling" to be pretty interesting.

To prepare aquariums filled with water for fish, the chemistry needs to be balanced.

First you put in water. Then you add drops of ammonia in the water for a few days. Somehow magically bacteria that consume ammonia and produce nitrites start populating the tank. Keep going and a second set of bacteria populate the tank, that convert nitrites to nitrates.

When those bacteria are present and stable (few weeks?) the fish can be introduced to the aquarium and they will survive.

There's a further step, adding plants, that can consume the nitrates (which are coincidentally in fertilizer)

This article made me think of this because fish produce ammonia, and without a way for an aquarium to remove it, they will die.
bash is how i remember. shift consumes an argument starting at $1.

this is how it works in all languages

same concept as << (bit wise left shift)
Network-manager gets uninstalled on apt full-upgrade
For profit prisons are an outright abomination.
xz is so pervasive, I just discovered on my Mac that the (affected?) version 5.6.1 made it into homebrew. The post in the linked article says that only Linux x86-64 systems are affected, but now I'm left scratching my head whether my Mac is also in trouble, just that we don't know it yet.
I would have said the same but it strikes me that, in these highly stressful times, people are less interested in fantasy and art.

That said, I agree about their value. The Lord of the Rings, written in a similar time, with fascism on the march behind a tide of propaganda and the resulting chaos and despair, is to me now uncovered as a gift from Tolkien for the future crisis. It is the perfect book, the perfect myth, for today. (Not the movies, the book.)
After a plane burns all its jet fuel to fly where it is going, we will have to expend even more than that much energy to suck the C02 out of the air again.

Flying will cost at least 2x as much as it does today.
Pretty much every common open source license I'm aware of includes some all caps disclaimer along the lines of "this software is provided as is without any kind of warranty etc etc" specifically for this purpose. To my knowledge it's held up well for the millions of software authors who have used it so far. I'm not a lawyer but I personally think that's enough to protect you. If you're also assigning the copyright to an LLC that you haven't "pierced the veil" of, then you have way more protection than the vast majority of OSS devs, all of whom are already well protected.
I don’t take it for Workplace Success. I take it for life primarily. I like that adderall helps me do laundry and plan trips and dates with my girlfriend. Without it I tend to stay “in the moment” and never look towards the future.
I am a student of a professor who was a student of Ross Anderson. I learned a lot from security engineering books and his papers, and I'm saddened to hear of his passing.
Where is this headline coming from? I haven't been following this case, and unfortunately, either my poor legal or technical comprehension prevents me from finding the points in this brief which substantiate the submission title.
Watch out, I would try to union bust all teenagers. I guess it might be ok since parents have seniority.
Unsurprisingly based on strict readings, and not spirit of the law (judges are human).

At the end of the day, it does not prevent the four freedoms unless you're trying to curtail the four freedoms to begin with, much like the GPL and its clauses against patent-based workarounds or tivoization.

And it is still a license, the only thing allowing anybody to do anything with that code. The suggested workaround attempts would never fly in court. Even separate legal entities would be deemed conspirators.

Full disclosure: IANAL, and I do not like the AGPL at all, personally favoring MIT license.
100%.

The HN crowd has come a long way from practically hero-worshipping Snowden to automatically assuming that 'state actor' must mean the countries marked evil by the US.
YouTube is mentioned a couple of times on page 2 where Zuckerberg is informed of the specifics of the program.
I went to a public university and walked pass/thru/around one of his works nearly every day on my way to classes for four years. It’s actually not a world as far removed as you might think.
Then this isn't for them
Which is itself a little counterintuitive as the arxiv papers they cite say models need to be pretrained from the ground up using 1- or 2-bit (or 1.58bit). It definitely adds some interesting data points for the open source community who are experimenting in every possible direction.
My understanding is that the attacker was the only maintainer of xz, that was trusted by upstream maintainers. They couldn't realistically check his work. The defence against this can't be "do better, volunteer maintainers". Maybe we could have better automated testing and analysis, but OSS is allergic to those.
Highly unlikely any non-technical folks ever learn about this, much less try to decipher what it does.

Or perhaps I'm misunderstanding your comment? What do you mean exactly?
THIS IS AN OUTRAGE!

SOMEONE SHOULD KEEP AN ARCHIVE OF OUR PRECIOUS CULTURAL HERITAGE.

They could even keep in on the internet!

We could call it the "Internet Archive"

And with this amazing technology, there could even be a way we could go way back and look at things that were published before, right on the internet as well.

We could call it the "wayback machine"

Oh wait: http://web.archive.org/web/20220322003618/https://newspress....

Seriously though, three out of four times when I see someone crying "but our precious cultural heritage" it's something that has already been taken care of by archive.org, or that it would be trivial to have them help out with, instead of trying to force the hand of some corporate giant.

Did you know that archive.org even has a special legal exemption to ignore copyright law for archiving software?
"Beloved" doesn't necessarily mean good journalism. The type of rage-bait that includes trying to publicly shame a Native American child for painting his face in team colors and wearing a family headdress to a football game is likely to make you quite beloved among a certain crowd.
When one does quantization, it's done in blocks. Bitsandbytes uses a blocksize of 64 I think. W * scale + zero_point is needed for each group size of 8. So you need 2 numbers in fp16 for each 64 group of numbers. For BnB, you get 4.5bit approx since 64*4bit + 16bit + 16bit = 288/64 = 4.5. So 4bit is actually 4.5bit.

For HQQ 1bit, a group size of 8 needs 2 fp16 numbers (you mentioned 8bit for shift). So you need 8 * 1bit + 16bit + 8bit for each group ie 32bits for each group size of 8. Or 4bits per param.

I'm assuming the scale and zero_point are both moved to 8bit maybe so 8*1bit + 8bit + 8bit = 24bit / 8 = 3bits per param?

"This version offloads the meta-data to the CPU, so only the binary weights and the low-rank adapters are stored in the GPU memory.", so the 8+8 scale / zero_point moves to the CPU. So GPU memory 1bit, but CPU meta data is the rest - very smart!
IANAL, but BSD, MIT, and Apache licenses are quite clear that you aren't legally liable for anything.
Are you sure? I struggled for years to maintain a decent mark in french class. 2 months of duolingo for spanish and I was able to have conversations.

A grammar, written first approach is hard and boring but it does scale to 30 students for 1 teacher though.
Sounds like he liked apple, but didn't like the decisions management was making.

I suspect having Steve Jobs as an absolute authority might have eliminated this kind of stuff back when he was around.

I'll bet after SJ there was a lot of infighting, like the apple chaos before he came back after next.
Interesting. I used https://www.boe.ca.gov/news/2023/NR-23-04.htm
> is that it works only if you have ADHD

My understanding is that this is mostly a myth. Predictors of ADHD (and consider that a diagnosis can be highly inconsistent depending on the practitioner) don’t have a strong correlation with measures of productivity increase that compare treatment groups with/without Adderall.
What if it's obvious ahead of time what the prayers will be? I know a thrown ball will return to the ground before it happens. So it can just "answer" them 8 minutes ahead of time.
That's what it sounded like to me. I really hope I was missing some sarcasm.
> That brings us to the other problem: software specification. We can’t even know if software is correct if we don’t precisely define what correct means.

However if we have software that is mostly correct, and if the bugs are unpredictable and specific to particular implementations, we can still find bugs without a specification by using differential testing: using two or more separate implementations, identify inputs on which their behavior differs. (This requires the software be deterministic.) Places where they differ will not tell us which of the two is wrong, but that can be determined manually once the discrepancy is found.
This just simply isn’t going to be an efficient, cost effective, or maintainable solution relative to alternatives. We’re also not going to have solar roads for the same reason. Sure take moonshots, but they should make sense from first principles.
Jonathan Blow on Burning Out [video]
The best solution I've read for this is for companies to ensure you put your job on LinkedIn.
Wayland is just an IPC protocol, so it imposes little. In practice compositors use mostly hardware agnostic Linux APIs. The driver needs to support things like KMS, DRM, GBM, etc.
This is a poorly phased question without any real details. What kind of system? Linux? Windows? BSD? Amiga? OS2?

Generally people use ssh for Linux systems and RDP for Windows. But your question lacks so much detail, I have to assume with Linux you want command line only and with windows you want a gui.
The dopamine hits from updating stuff should come to an end, it should be thought of as adding potentially new bugs or exploits, unless the update fixes a CVE. Also Github needs to remove the green colors and checkmarks in PR's to prevent these dopamine traps from overriding any critical thinking
We need mandatory prison terms for large scale environmental damage. And heavy fines for smaller scale damage, enough to bankrupt.
I’ve long thought that those “this new version fixes bugs and improves user experience” patch notes that Meta et al copy and paste on every release shouldn’t be permitted.
Not sure how things are these days, but it used to be the case that power fluctuations could kill an rpi's sd card. So yeah, you could mitigate with a great power supply and a good surge protector, but in practice I found it hard to figure out which power supplies to actually trust.

For my own deployments, I ended up doing read only boot from SD card, making use of a ram disk for temporary files, and hosting the actual os on a USB stick, which was much better shielded from power issues. Worked great, never had issues, but the setup was pretty non standard.
Or, they can do like they do in Arkansas and PIT the car at 130 mph.
I don't understand why this is being pursued when there's already duty limits for how long drivers can be on the road anyway. Surely the money would be better spent on chargers at truck stops, no?
Some additional notes about cassette tapes:

There was no fundamental limit to how many minutes of audio could be put on a tape, but longer tapes were necessarily thinner and more fragile. Commercially-produced read-only tapes would be however long was needed for their content.

Yes, CD players existed in the 90s. But why would you bother with one, when all your music is on tape? Even if you have one, your car is probably tape-only, and those audio-jack-to-tape converters were finicky, so you want to get music on tape.

If your tape player was fancy, it would be able to automatically start playing the back side. But this sometimes caused problems if you stopped it in the middle of the back side then wanted to start it again.

It was really annoying when you listened to an audiobook and somebody had left the tape in the middle. At least this was easier than VHS since playing the back side of the tape would take care of most of the "be kind, rewind".
Dozens of documents from across the company reveal that Zuckerberg had
spoken to the company’s head of security, its then-CTO, and others about the risks and rewards of
the IAAP program—which involved the interception and decryption of secure analytics traffic
from Snapchat, YouTube, and Amazon for competitive reasons—and would personally make a
decision about whether to continue it

It seems as though none of these people got a reply email, even though they all were looking for his response.
I hate square.

I had to give my email address to a store when I bought furniture.

Then they started spamming my email address with receipts from unrelated merchants when I used that credit card.

I emailed them to stop, delete my account, etc. to no avail.

After that I just didn't want to use that credit card anymore with them.
Its a good idea. I'm surprised there aren't trackers on all cars already, like a 21st century license plate. I thought toll passes would do this, but looking at the size of the sensors over interstates it isn't so easy.
Thanks! I assume it's referencing this sentence and surrounding info:
> "Dozens of documents from across the company reveal that Zuckerberg had spoken to the company’s head of security, its then-CTO, and others about the risks and rewards of the IAAP program—which involved the interception and decryption of secure analytics traffic
from Snapchat, YouTube, and Amazon for competitive reasons—and would personally make a
decision about whether to continue it."

I'm not sure where it jumps to "wiretapping" (just from a layperson's standpoint). The image I had in my head was Meta tapping the phones or devices of Amazon and Youtube employees which was probably a silly interpretation of the title.