skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
To be fair, it burst onto the scene back in the "all you need is NoSQL...RDBMS is dead" era.

So it became one of those software dogma things and I remember having "debates" right here on HN, including around the necessity of transactions.

So it's kind of ironic to see people now chastising those who fell prey to the dogma. Full circle.
Since distributed blockchains / databases are distributed and therefore need partition tolerance by definition, that leaves consistency or availability for the shortfall in computation.

I'm guessing any "crypto-kinda-currency" is picking eventual consistency as a core mechanic. Think about the word EVENTUAL though.

If the core function of the crypto is a ledger, then it makes sense, it EVENTUALLY gets transacted, and in practical terms you take the faith in the distributed system from a flawless previous record in reconciliation, probably before the actual completion of the transaction.

Now, a distributed major blockchain has ... how many nodes? Thousands or more? That is a long time for reconciliation of the consistency, even with great dedicated internal networks. What? This is over a heterogenous global internet network? That implies EVENTUAL has some bad worst cases.

"Smart contracts" or "distributed trustless computation". Whatever, getting the value of calculation from a node and getting the value stored in the node is essentially the same thing in terms of determining an answer to a query.

It implies a horrendous performance, one you have little control over. I don't think Kubernetes is shaking in its boots.

It's interesting Aphyr never does any crypto analyses, although he makes his bones running a test suite. How do you test a scaled cryptocurrency?
Yeah, I put Instagram in a different category from Flickr even though Instagram used to major in photos more and Flickr had more of a community aspect once upon a time.

I still have a Flickr subscription but I definitely recognize that it's a pretty small-time operation and it wouldn't be a shock if it were to go away someday. I like it but I don't depend on it.
Huh? Replacing human labor with machine is evil? You wouldn't even able to post this comment without that happening, because computers wouldn't exists or we wouldn't have time for that because many of us would work on farms to produce enough food without the use of human-replacing technologies.

In a similar way as machines allowed to produce abundance of food with less labor, the voice AI combined with AI translation can make information more accesible for the world. Voice actors wouldn't be able to voice act all the useful information in the world, (especially for the more niche topics and for the smaller languages) because it wouldn't worth to pay them and humans are also slower to than machines. We are not far from almost realtime voice translation from any language to any other one.
Sure, we can do it with text-only translation, but voice makes it more accessible for lot of people. ( For example between 5–10% of the world has dislexya. )
External cues and analogies enhance sprint andjump performance in soccer players
> isolate it from capitalism?

...and subject it to... what? Capitalism is an economical system centred around private ownership of means of production and a market economy. There are other economical systems to choose from like (national and international) socialism, communism, feudalism and mercantilism. Would any of those do better than capitalism and if so, why? Socialism and communism have shown to fail miserably where it comes to protecting nature as can be witnessed from the devastation of nature in the former Soviet Union [1] and in Mao's China. Feudalism and mercantilism don't seem to offer much hope either. What, then?

I understand that it is popular to say that 'capitalism is bad' but I'd like to learn of the alternative which offers better outcomes.

[1] https://archive.org/details/destructionofnat0000koma
That's completely crazy, the backdoor is introduced through a very cryptic addition to the configure script. Just looking at the diff, it doesn't look malicious at all, it looks like build script gibberish.
Have you seen Pure ORM? It's an ORM that purely does object relational mapping.

You write SQL but instead of getting back flat and potentially-collided data, you get back pure objects which are properly structured.

https://github.com/craigmichaelmartin/pure-orm
> nice, maybe every number should have it's own similar page

Exactly, I feel the same. There is a saying that goes "If you look close enough you start making connections in random coincidences" or something.
Summary: "The upstream xz repository and the xz tarballs have been backdoored."

It is known to be in version 5.6.0 and 5.6.1, and the obfuscated code is found in the test directory.
Sure, and you should take reasonable precautions (including not penalizing "sick days" in various ways), but if kids go to school they're going to get sick.
Slightly unclear what's even being proposed here. One person just takes orders, and the other person makes drinks? Isn't that what happens normally?
Amazing, thank you!

How much parallelization is required? Any idea how fast a single channel could get with optical transport and photon-detecting transistors?

As an Elixir dev (where parallelization is relatively easy), I think there is a lot of potential for parallelization that isn't being used by most programs, but for serial algorithms where multi-core can't be used, I wonder what the ceiling will be.
Well, yes, and art did life, more generally.
Awk as a major systems programming language, revisited (2018)
Imo software engineers look to the ORM to abstract the declarative set-theory, blah blah of SQL back into the object model they’re familiar with. IMO that’s a dereliction of duty as a developer but it happens and ORMs have gotten pretty good of late. In the Java space the JOOQ team is doing really good work.

In my space of Python SQLalchemy has been the dominate ORM of choice and I hated it but without putting out a better product I have just decided to work around it or adapt.

But if I can I use raw SQL where possible.
That quote is him criticizing a certain shift in science and education he perceives, right? Not him advocating for that position.
Show HN: A modified, secure alternative to BPE
SecBPE is an innovative modification to Byte Pair Encoding (BPE) for tokenization, focusing on enhancing privacy and effectiveness. Discussions welcome. Thanks Karpathy.
I had to search for this post to find it after it suddenly disappeared.
That's right, thank you. I didn't realize it wasn't commonly used in this context, and completely forgot about its other meaning. :) Yes, ideally the concept of "protecting society from the offender re-offending" should be narrowly tailored to only prevent those offenses, and only if those offenses present risk to surrounding society.
I would retitle your post "Management consultants are doomed"
Mazda and Toyota formed an alliance to share technologies to fill gaps they each had. I'm guessing this is fruit of that partnership.
This potentially could be a full automated rootkit type breach right? Great - is any system with 5.6.1 possibly vulnerable?

Also super weird a contributor thought they could slip this in and not have it be noticed at some point. It may point to burning that person (aka, they go to jail) for whatever they achieved with this. (And whoever they are…)
The issue is caused by patches to add integration with systemd, so no, this won't affect SSH on a Mac.
Initial Reactions to Hume's Empathic AI Chatbot
I have never understood why the Volt Series Hybrid idea never took off. It is more efficient to turn gasoline into electricity and then drive the car with that than to directly connect the engine to the wheels. Is it perhaps that the cost involved is just too much more than a plugin hybrid to make the small extra fuel savings worth it?
We use Kysely[0], which is a nice balance. The code you write in Kysely translates 1:1 into SQL, which means there's very little perf left on the table, but we get an interface that's automatically typed, type safe, and works well with our js language tools.

[0]: https://kysely.dev/
Whilst true from a performance level, do appreciate there is a complexity cost with raw SQL given how it allows for inconsistent ways of working.

Coming from a Rails legacy app, these raw SQL "clever ideas" are where I found the most issues.
The example in the EnforcePlayerTurns section is kind of buggy. Make an attempt to place two Xs in a row in different cells, then place an O in a third cell - the second X you attempted to place will magically show up at the same time as that O.
Only tangentially related but can we all just take a moment to appreciate that a fundamentally decentralized technology such as podcasts can grow to be such a huge market? Certain things about podcasts are only really possible because of their decentralized nature:

- Skippable ads (if you use a client that locks this down, just change clients)

- Being able to host in one place and have that feed get placed on any number of aggregators such as Apple/Spotify/etc.

- Being able to change hosts if you're unhappy with price/quality/etc.

In case you're wondering how podcasts are decentralized, you can thank RSS. A technology that feels forgotten in some ways has single-handedly made this all possible.
My simple rule for databases is that if you are not actively querying on it, it doesn't need to be a separate table or column. Use the YAGNI rule here and you'll be better off. The classic example here is persons that have addresses and phone numbers. Most applications have no requirements to query on most of that: street name, postal code, phone number, etc. Less tables and columns mean simpler joins (or better, no joins at all). Any structured data that you don't query, just store it in json form in a blob and simplify your schema. Anything that actually requires complex querying, consider using a proper search engine. Or extract it to a dedicated field with some index on it that actually helps you querying effectively. The golden rule here is that if that query is connected to user input you probably need some notion of ranking, fuzzy searches, etc.

Either way, everything gets easier with a simple schema. Faster query and insert performance, easier to reason about when doing transactions, easier to maintain, etc.
Postgres is the one time I embrace lock-in, if the topic of switching to mysql or something else comes up it's a good thing if there'd be a prohibitive amount of work involved.
NixOS/Pkgs 23.11 unaffected, unstable contains backdoored implementations (5.6.0, 5.6.1) but their OpenSSH sshd does not seem to link against systemd/liblzma, and the backdoor doesn't get configured in (only happens on .deb/.rpm systems).
They have a pretty narrow power band (produce efficient max power at a small range of RPMs) which always somewhat limited their use for normal ICE cars, but is a pretty workable constraint for an electrical generator.

So you have compact size, good power to weight ratio, and power limitations that don't really matter for range extender purposes. Lots of potential.

I can't find the article right now, but I'd swear I remember discussion here a handful of months ago about a startup marketing a similar EV range extender engine design.
I agree that it's not objective journalism.

My point was not to suggest that their actions constituted good or ethical journalism. My point was that claiming to be a journalist doing an undercover sting is not going to get you any legal protections that would be afforded to police conducting an undercover operation.
This is my holy grail. All band all mode would be ideal. The Xiegu X6100 is a pretty decent close strike, and the Q900 looks solid as well, but I know I'm paying for more than just the components I would want which is a clean amp and tuner+maybe an antenna matcher in a box, just like you said, USB-C + power + transceiver + antenna out. Would be a game changer for POTA/SOTA as well as just sitting on the desk, even something small like 5 or 10 watts. I use a (tr)uSDX for my POTA/SOTA stuff on CW and SSB, and it's dinky but it definitely gets the job done -- surely something more PC-reliant wouldn't be too hard.
indeed, don't disagree. still toxic and more lucky than good (in the bill/jobs/musk) cases. don't even get me started on the non-technical CEOs. they suck even far worse.
As an AI layman, I am for some reason excited by the low-bit learning models.

Apple, now leaving behind the albatros that was the Apple car, could be the one to roll their own silicon and put an LLM in our back pockets.

Goodbye Siri, hello Seriously.
Probably british youths on holiday, they are pretty notorious. This demographic of american is just as bad but can only afford to get belligerent domestically in florida or south padre isle during spring break, much less afford a flight to europe.
Thank you! I could have been more explicit that I was aware of this but I was ideally trying to avoid manual code changes and/or manual gdb intervention if possible.
Why is this guy lying down and saying "Hothothot"?
Wrote this post to explain a hidden programming meme in Honkai: Star Rail.
I kinda doubt it. US chip sanctions have had a devastating impact on China historically; reducing the distribution of high-power compute can hamstring defense researchers pretty hard: https://web.archive.org/web/20161016023210/http://www.scmp.c...
Thank you! I wasn't aware of this.
I'm curious now. What is ifunc? (Had difficulty finding it through a search)
Just a couple of days before Google discontinues Google Podcasts
If incr is atomic, running incr k times will not be atomic.
If he can get so far while thinking only about tomorrow, he's the absolute genius. Can't even imagine what he could do if he thought a week in advance.
Yeah, now imagine they succeeded and it didn't cause any performance issues...

Can we even be sure no such successful attempt has already been made?
> The economy is so f*cked...

But...the economy is fine. The stock market at historic highs, unemployment at historic lows, growth is very high, and inflation is under control and moving even lower....

...the economy is just bad for you :-( And for me, your job search sounds just like mine.

But it's important not to get caught up in the trap that if it's bad for me, it's bad for the world. It's not.

It's a lot easier saying that automation is long-term good for the economy--when you are the one who is automating away somebody else's job.

But it is still true, and what we are facing has been faced by one group of workers or another since the dawn of the industrial age, and if they could figure it out, we'll eventually figure it out too.
The ones that get slammed the most that I've seen are probably the Brits, Russians, and Chinese. Apparently Brits are notorious for getting super drunk and fucking around. Russians are known as being really entitled and rude (and sometimes aggressive IIRC), and there's Chinese tourists also being rude and ignoring rules in huge packs.

The stereotype of American tourists is that they're ignorant and loud (and bad dressers), but also friendly, curious, great tippers (which makes Americans very popular among hospitality workers), and mostly rule-abiding. Though the bad ones are often REALLY bad.

Best reputation is the Japanese. Almost everyone says they're super polite and respectful.
This post coincides with a sudden major uptick in cancer related video recommendations on my YouTube feed. I wonder if other people are seeing the same thing.
Large corrupt corporations are only slightly better than organized crime.

What does organized crime do with inconvenient witnesses?
If I take pictures of someone and hang my home with AI-generated copies of those pictures, I’m not stealing their identity.
There are more bears than the land can sustain. Go to any tourist (or non tourist) spot in the mountains and they'll come down and steal from your garbage in town.

Look up Brasov. It's a reasonably large touristic town and it regularly gets bears at the periphery.
Show HN: Command-G – Copilot for Xcode made possible using Mac Accessibility API
Hi HN,

What started out as an impulse to build my own ChatGPT client turned into a full-blown coding assistant integrated with Xcode.

There’s more I’d like to add but here’s what it does so far:

- AI autocomplete

- LLM Chat

The code completion is comparable to other copilots on the market. Powered by Codeium.com’s generous free plan (no affiliation), I find it no better or worse than Github Copilot, in both latency and quality.

My favorite feature is Chat. It uses GPT-4 (adding Claude support as soon as I’m done writing this post.) If you summon CMD-G while inside Xcode, it automatically picks up which file you’re looking at and any code you’ve highlighted and inserts it into the LLM context. (Bonus: you can call CMD-G outside of Xcode to ask anything).

This is only possible because of the macOS Accessibility API. Xcode has a suffocatingly limited plugin framework called XcodeKit. Plugins are limited to manipulating the current source code buffer and cursor position. To work around this, Command-G uses the AX API to detect files by inspecting the Xcode application view hierarchy and to detect editor activity by listening to AX events.

To make this more clear, here’s how autocomplete is implemented:

First, the app subscribes to AX notifications from Xcode.

When notified of an edit, a request is sent to the Codeium API (direct, no middleman). After receiving a response, the code suggestion is presented to the user in an overlay.

When the user presses Tab to accept the suggestion, the app invokes the AX API to simulate activating the plugin from within Xcode.

Note: We could do without AX for this step but since developers can’t set default shortcuts for plugins, users would need to set the hotkey themselves. That ability is buried deep inside Xcode settings.

Finally, the plugin uses XcodeKit to apply the code suggestion.

If you spend time in Xcode, I hope you’ll try it: http://www.commandg.app
> Will you actually need to change between fundamentally different database technologies?

Yes, use sqlite locally for development and run PG in prod. Unit tests can now use the db and finish in milliseconds. You get unit tests that have the power of integration tests and don't have to ever stub out your db. I use Redislite for the same thing.

I'm of the opinion that SQLite is the musl of the SQL world. By deciding that you'll support it first-class you'll avoid the sharp edges of database specific behavior and extension hell and write better more maintainable code.

"Sorry we can't actually put that logic the database, SQLite doesn't support spooky action at a distance."
Do you have kids? If so, what ages?

US schools have changed, a lot, in the last 30 years. Many schools now are pressure cookers on both the teachers and peer levels. So some kids stay up very late and some go on antidepressants. On the other side are schools where no one cares about academics, and the bar for good grades is no mischief. Which is also not a great school for any kid.
In a hybrid vehicle, the gas engine can be run mostly as a generator, which makes it possible to further optimize it for a very specific load. It's possible that such an updated+tuned Wankel could be a great fit for certain applications where space and weight are at a premium.

They can simulate lots of it but to get real answers, they have to build the engine and see how it holds up.

Also Mazda is a small-ish manufacturer at the Japanese scale. Since Wankels are part of their identity they could decide to build a car with it even though the downsides wouldn't make sense for a "rational" brand like Toyota. It can give them that creative freedom that help make desirable cars and keep Mazda relevant.
Thanks to autoconf, we're now used to build scripts looking like gibberish. A perfect place to hide a backdoor.
Ask HN: What are your favourite programming shortcuts
My favourites are in VS Code:

Navigate back: Alt + left

Navigate forward: Alt + right

Switch tabs: CTRL + Page up/down

Split tabs: CTRL + ALT + left/right
> Red Hat assigned this issue CVE-2024-3094.

Does that mean this affects RHEL and Fedora?
Memds: An in-progress Redis clone in Rust and protobufs
Previously: [0] (139 points, 29 minutes ago, 15 comments and growing)

[0]: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=39865810
> The 1978 state ballot initiative Proposition 13 benefited many California homeowners by setting limits on property tax increases. But the measure had a cataclysmic effect on tax-supported institutions like the school district... “Proposition 13 was the beginning of the end,” school district associate superintendent for business services Robert Golton told Jones. “If I had been in a time machine for the past four or five years, I would be unable to believe what has transpired in the state.”

Who will deliver us from this meddlesome law?

It's insane to me that the now-adult students still oppose the journalist. They were victims of this law. Whatever they are saving on their taxes now, they lose in a lifetime of benefits - money and otherwise - from a better personal education and a better educated community.

And here they are, shitting on someone who tried an innovative way to repeal it, in the service of the very students she covered, because of some meaningless drama. Because their emotions were insufficiently validated.

The most fascinating thing about her journalism is that, by 2024, she has exposed the students as the antagonists. They only care about themselves. Then, and now.
Living in Romania is not that bad if you make enough money but living there with the median income is complicated that's why many of us are living abroad.

Quality of life has increased dramatically since the 90s though.
So many security companies publishing daily generic blog posts about "serious supply chain compromises" in various distros on packages with 0 downloads, and yet it takes a developer debugging performance issues to find an actual compromise.

I worked in the software supply chain field and cannot resist feeling the entire point of that industry is to make companies pay for a security certificate so you can shift the blame onto someone else when things go wrong.
What do you understand by capitalism?

Is it people delivering products and services, asking for whatever price the market is willing to give, such that they can make ends meet?

I'm from Romania and I've always been fascinated by privileged westerners complaining of capitalism, when capitalism is the entire reason for why you're privileged. That, plus the hard fact that our communists didn't give a shit about preserving nature or brown bears. Actually, our former dictator was going bear hunting, one if his favorite pass times, and wasn't satisfied without a killing spree with dozens of bears as victims. There are videos of it available. And nobody could do shit about it, because we had no rule of law. For the rule of law, you actually need capitalism, but many of you haven't lived the collective trauma that we did, so that kind of lesson tends to be lost in time.
Looks like Arch Linux shipped both compromised versions - and 5.6.1-2 is out to hopefully resolve it.
New deep learning models: Fewer neurons, more intelligence[2020]
My college advisor gifted me a copy when I graduated, and I passed it along to one of the best students that I had. Great book.
My point was not to say that their actions were defensible.

My point was that journalists don't just get to say "I'm going undercover" and all of sudden enjoy legal protections, the way an undercover police operation would.

So just because the members of the group claimed that they were conductive investigative journalism does not mean that they can't be criminally prosecuted for their actions.
JOOQ is awesome, doesn't try to do too much. Also tried to use Exposed from Kotlin, but it's way too young, support only simple data types.