skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
I think its bootless to try to define the "minimum possible" Kolmogorov complexity. Here's why:

1. Note, kolmogorov complexity is defined by the length of the shortest program which prints out the string. What counts is the number of instructions, and not the complexity of those instructions.

2. So say S is a very complex spring. We can always construct a turing machine which could print out S using a zero length program: it could just start in a state which prints out S when you turn it on, and then halts.

3. So there is no such thing as a turing machine which prints out every string shorter than any other turing machine prints it out, QED.

That's the bad news. The good news is we don't even need to do that. For any string S, say that M and N are any two universal turing machines. Without loss of generality, specify that KM(S) <= KN(S). Then there is always some C for which KM(S) <= KN(S) + C. The constant C being the length of the program required to emulate machine M on machine N.

We are used to abstracting out constant sums and constant factors like this. The strings we are dealing with (as a species) are growing in length exponentially--that's why we went from 8-bit, to 16bit, etc computers. So as the length of S goes to infinity, the difference between the its complexity for any two machines becomes negligible.
How is a try-with-resources not guaranteed? At least in Java, it is guaranteed to run - plus, you can get your closing/destructor logic wrong in RAII languages as well.
Google was benevolent, but DoubleClick was evil.

Slapping the Google name over the DoubleClick business model was the greatest swindle ever pulled, and people STILL don't see through it.
> Then they sold out.

Ah, finally someone recollects the original.

People look at me funny when I tell them it wasn't an Microsoft creation.
…that wasn’t the point? Keeping possessions safe is the responsibility of the possessor. If you keep them all in one place with no backups, you can lose them more easily.

And by the way, you don’t actually know the probability of a random person losing access to a Google account vs losing physical mediums, let alone how many of those cases were cases where their only photos were stored there. It’s obviously different from person to person, and maybe you can estimate that one is safer than the other in individual cases, but you can’t extrapolate that and say it applies in every person’s case. But the GP was referring to cases where it was implied the only copy was stored on the cloud.
The programs we check might not halt.
The record energy reported last year was 5.36 TeV per nucleon pair [1]. That sounds like a lot until you remember that a nucleon is a bag of quarks held together by gluons. Having two of these things collide spends the per-nucleon energy on all of them, and produces a magnificent mess of strongly interacting particles which is very hard to analyze.

So when the posted article says,

muons are fundamental particles that put all their energy into a collision, enabling a muon collider to compete with a hadron collider running at 10 times the energy. So the muon collider could be much smaller and, hence, cheaper. A 10-TeV muon collider could be had for $18 billion, advocates estimate.

it actually understates the case for a muon collider. It is not just more efficient, it's also cleaner, since muons, like electrons, don't do strong interactions.

[1] https://inspirehep.net/literature/2716566
Having watched this first hand, you won’t be treated the same. Maybe that’s a good thing, but people will assume you get to do whatever you want which, generally, shouldn’t be true.

It sets a strange precedent sometimes too if not well communicated and managed.
This is an exceptionally profound observation. IMO not having a strong ego helps and if it goes right, everyone benefits from this.
For the kind of software I write there are two cases: (1) the hot path for which I will always have custom allocators and avoid allocations and (2) everything else.

For (1) GC or not it doesn’t make a difference, I’ll opt-out. For (2) GC is really convenient and correct.
Agreed -- I've been putting in some significant effort to learn helix / break my nvim habits specifically because it's written in rust so I feel like I could hack on it / contribute back.
We're running out of the ability to make transistors smaller and closer together so beyond some major breakthrough I wouldnt expect Moore's law to continue nearly long enough to get to the point of running GPT4 on consumer hardware in the short term
The photo app seems to be solid.

Too bad the design and marketing is not quite there.
YouTube would have been fine. Golang is a programming language. Chrome is WebKit. It's not splitting hairs. The point I'm making is that google doesn't have the capability to take a product from the idea stage to the build stage to the launch stage.
Not quite. Specifically, assuming independent random tosses A and B sequences are equally likely. No objection here.

But the question posed is different: given a specific sequence, how likely it to have come from independent coin tosses? That is, how likely is it that Bob is cheating and his sequence was in fact not a sequence of a fair coin tosses.

And for this KC is a reasonable measure. My 2c.
With a Turing complete language, you can't know whether a given program eventually yields the string, or continues indefinitely
Wolfram’s Precision Eclipse website gives the wrong time for the eclipse at my location (23.7188, -105.6706).

It says, “Total Eclipse begins at 1:09:31 PM CST”:
https://precisioneclipse.com/Results/46/b7/46b7ed589f764aec....

In fact, C2 will be at 18:09 UT, which is 12:09 CST (-0600):
https://eclipsewise.com/solar/SEgmapx/2001-2100/SE2024Apr08T...

Can anyone confirm the correct time? I wonder if precisioneclipse.com isn't considering that Mexico abolished daylight savings since Oct 2022.
Ask HN: What is a good resource for journal entries?
I am looking too see how different scientists approached their work daily for perspective-purposes, to maybe give me ideas on what I could implement into my own workflow?
Entrepreneurship in semiconductors is its own world. Perhaps to a lesser degree, pharmaceuticals, but it’s a valid consideration that credentials and background help overcome barriers when needing to raise massive amounts of money to get started.
That's the company that bought Slashdot isn't it?
Don't let age stop you, people make a big deal out of age discrimination.

There is some, but there are good dev roles out there for those of us closer to the AARP card than the college ID ;).
This was a three judge panel with a Bush, Obama, and Trump appointee, who all agreed on the result.
This is true, and it’s also true when you’re a manager. You always need to manage up and down.
Right, but it can control the editor indirectly through that API surface, and the editor can write to the filesystem.

It's definitely more secure than running a non-sandboxed executable, but the entire point of a plugin is to have an effect on the editing process, and the entire point of the editor is to modify files on the filesystem. As long as that's true there's a casual mechanism for an untrusted plugin to do damage.
> I think the browser API of WebRTC requires the server to know the client's certificate as well

Yes, as it stands, the browser WebRTC API is designed around the idea that a p2p connection is being bootstrapped by connecting two of the leaves of a star topology to each-other. For this use-case, it's a pure optimization: the server starts off intermediating between peers; then at some point, the peers each figure out that the other one can do WebRTC, so the server introduces the peers to one-another (gives each peer the other peer's authoritative DTLS certificate hash), and the peers stop talking to the server and start talking to one-another instead.

I don't think this is any kind of equilibrium state, though. This is the way things are because because WebRTC evolved purely as an optimization for companies like Google and Facebook to avoid needing to deal with massive streaming-media traffic fan-in. In their cases, they already had multimedia chat platforms that used authoritative central backend servers intermediating media streams; and they just wanted to introduce a way for a browser to "upgrade" from talking to the backend, to talking to another browser. Like upgrading an HTTP flow into a Websocket flow.

But a lot of the work since then, on Data Channels, DTLS and so forth, has been at the behest of other companies (e.g. Ericsson) whose motivation isn't to decrease load on their massive video-chat backends, but rather to do other things, like enabling browsers to talk directly to e.g softphones or IP cameras, with both sides throwing packets directly at one-another without some kind of gateway in the way.

I fully expect that while you might not get browser STUN/TURN nodes in the near future, we will at least see something like browsers offering the option of mutual authentication of DTLS certificates through a specified X.509 CA set (where both peers have been issued client certificates signed by one of the CAs trusted in the set; and where the CA could very well be a self-signed private one unique to the service.)
> By this point I had a $70k bill. Things had been running for about a week.

Jesus. This is terrifying.
Trusting the GC with freeing externally observable resources will bring you some very painful bugs.

On that note, it's 2024 and we still cannot unmap a mmapped file from Java in a timely manner. I really hope they do something about it.
This seems unnecessarily harsh.
Something approaching a personal CRM is a huge gap in the current market. Sunshine seems to be backing into that.
You don't need to "fire" anyone for AI to cause a significant impact. All AI needs to do is to allow companies postpone hiring more people.

I really don't understand why you are being so obtuse about this. Do you honestly think that you can make the argument that software development (as an industry) is somehow immune to automation?
Jajce, not Jacje. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jajce
yes this actually happens.
Plus, it is convenient to sync photos directly from mobile to the cloud without the need to set up syncing software or do periodic transfer/backup from mobile to PC.
I flinch whenever I see people talking about "being a CTO", because there's really no such thing. The title doesn't really mean anything. In startupland, three possible (and possibly overlapping) meanings of the title are:

1. The corporate officer title a founder that isn't the CEO gets because they're on the board, purely as recognition of their seniority ("why is this person on the board?" "because they're the CTO.")

2. The consolation prize a founder or early employee gets when the mature engineering organization takes away their commit privileges.

3. The fluffy title a founder or senior employee gets when they transition to a customer-facing role so that prospects are (ostensibly) impressed.

These are all situational and don't really describe a "role". Excepting case (1), I would be a little alarmed if a company I worked at asked me to assume a "CTO" role. Either way: having been a "CTO" says basically nothing at all about whether you're lateral to software developers.

Your question makes more sense if you consider the move from VP/Engineering to developer. Either way, you're completely fine from a signaling perspective, but you're especially OK if your title was "CTO" and not "VP/E". The last thing in the world you should want is a career trajectory defined by "CTO-hood". Yikes!
I downloaded IrfanView and ran "strings" on the exe file, and one of the strings in there is "Microsoft Visual C++ Runtime Library" - so that would point towards C++ (although it's not certain from that alone).
Otoh, Xlib's approach to networking is kind of wrong on so many levels.

> Calls that don't require a response from the X server are queued in a buffer to be sent as a batch of requests to the server. Those that require a response flush all the buffered requests and then block until the response is received. [1]

X11, the protocol is a distributed systems protocol, built on asynchronous message passing, that outputs to the screen as a side effect. Xlib hides the nature of the underlying protocol, and makes it very hard to pipeline things that should be pipelined for maximum performance. Xcb separates out sending a request and waiting for a response, so if you absolutely need the response before you continue, you can do that, but you can also request many things and then wait when you need them.

[1] https://www.x.org/wiki/guide/xlib-and-xcb/
I like Safari, but it does not want me to enable JavaScript per site.
But they grant cert in only a truly tiny percentage of all cases they get petitioned to hear, and the thing we're interested in looking at is the inter-circuit reversal differential.

I wish I could find more fine-grained statistics than what I know off the top of my head is available (StatPacks from ScotusBlog, but there seems to be no aggregation of them, just individual ones for like 25 years; Empirical Scotus, but I see no data available to play with, just posts). I also wish I were better at statistics.
The potential loss of Europe's largest transdisciplinary science conference
Feross: "constant stream of malware is uploaded to NPM, PyPI, and Go registries"
By subscribing to the latest of web tech, we now get nice on/off buttons and horizontal bars in select menus. So by comparison this stuff is light years ahead!
That's what my dad did. I remember it as confusing, the parts being marked like
SN7424
7411
with one of those numbers being the date code.
This is partly why ageism exists. The longer you have worked, the more obvious the failings of your superiors are. Older workers are harder to trick into working on some project that will fail/produce no business value.
Won't this just spur inflation?
There is another, more insidious, problem with trying to give a language agnostic definition: Different languages will have different symbols which are outputable.

If you have a Turing machine which can only print out binary digits, then it can't print out a chinese character, no matter how long the input program is.

Yeah, you can do something like unicode, and associate a binary string with each chinese character--but printing out that binary string is not printing out the chinese character. It's printing out a binary string.

In particular, your lambda-calculus based turing machine cannot print out chinese characters. It therefore cannot be used to define a universal complexity for any string.
I'm an ex CTO. I ran the company as basically 2ic for 5 years before I quit.

Before I quit they offered me profit share which was stupid because profit can easily change.

I do not regret leaving at all from a mental health perspective. I was losing my friends, family and myself.

I do regret leaving because afterwards I'm just a loser developer, lumped in with the guy that moves the button left a bit, when before I was orchestrating tech strategies and winning.

I think I'd have been better off staying as CTO, not because "profit share" was attractive to me, when I had no say in expenses, but because I was good at making a business succesful. Sitting here pushing pixels and spreadsheets sucks.

Every situation is different though. The only lesson I learned was that every job is hard but in different ways. Going back to dev felt demeaning. Watching inexperienced sales people ignoring what matters to people buying services. Trying to have an opinion but being told in no uncertain terms they don't care because I'm a nerd and people don't buy from nerds.

Seriously it's been difficult going backwards. I think I would have been way happier still being in charge.
> It's managed!

Your cellular isn't? Maybe switch providers, T-Mobile doesn't make me go maintain cell towers.
Yes, putting aside the controversy, I agree that its sorely out of date and not very representative of modern images. I remember being amused when first seeing the paper with Fabio, but sadly it too is greyscale and of poor resolution.

Regarding many images being trained, I have mixed feelings. I think that the modern approach of having a solid corpus of images is important for quantitative analysis, but it's also nice to have a well-known common image to eyeball for a quick qualitative check.
In Java, the Epsilon GC is just that.
They also used social engineering to disable fuzzing which would have caught the discrepancy: https://github.com/google/oss-fuzz/pull/10667
I agree. I used Disco MR to do amazing things. Trivial to use, like anyone could be productive in under an hour.

Erasure codes are awesome, but so is just having 3 copies. When you have skin in the game, simplicity is the most important driver of good outcomes. Look at the dimensions that Netezza optimized, they saw a technological window and they took it. Right now we have workstations that can push 100GB/s from from flash. We are talking about being able to sort 1TB of data in 20 seconds (from flash) the same machine could do it from ram in 10.

https://github.com/discoproject/disco

I need to give Ray and Dask a try.

I don't know where to put this comment so I'll put it here. DeWitt and Stonebraker are right, but also wrong. Everyone is talking past each other there. Both are geniuses, this essay wasn't super strong.

If I was their editor, I would say, reframe it as MapReduce is an implementation detail, we also need these other things for this to be usable by the masses. Their point about indexes proves my point about talking past each other. If you are scanning the data basically once, building an index is a waste.
Just plain shell scripts has always worked for me.
To be fair to them there are still a few projects which are still hosted on SF, in some cases it's the only place you can find specific legacy projects.

So if their calculation was that all of open source would stay on their platform with them adding malware, they were wrong. But if the calculation was that a long tail of random small and semi-orphaned projects would stay there after the big popular projects had all migrated, providing them with essentially free revenue for a very long time, they were kind of right.
'Pure veg fleet': Indian food app Zomato sparked a caste, purity debate
Would you stop using GitHub as well. They recently move to a SPA models and I think search and readme links were broken for a few days because of history hijacking.
Rust does indeed have several repls (off the top of my head there's one called "evcxr", which I actually interviewed the author of[0])

But rust doesn't ship with a repl. There are repls probably for every language somewhere, even Java or C.

[0]: https://blog.abor.dev/p/evcxr
What's different is that using loadlin on MS-DOS was "lol, fuckin' newb" material (even though it was exquisitely functional and ridiculously easy to use), while the potentially very similar EFI system is a heralded as a champion.

I guess I am trying to express my annoyance with the Linux crowd's fickle nature over the years.
> OpenSSH certs are weird in that they include the signer's public key.

OpenSSH signatures in general contain signer's public key, which I personally think it's not weird but rather cool since it allows verifying the signature without out of the band key delivery (like in OpenPGP). The authentication of the public key is a separate subject but at least some basic checks can be done with an OpenSSH signature only.
Indeed—never heard proper normalization described as "over engineering" before.
Here in SE Canada my 85 year-old uncle has a land line phone and it's been there forever it was there when his mom my grandmother lived there for 65 years.

Hurricane Fiona hit my region and all the phones eventually died cellphones, new landline "voip" (I guess?) but not my uncle's phone. It was the old style wired directly to the exchange a few blocks away.

I lost power for nearly two weeks he didn't. My home land line is the newer type not the old style so the modem had no power. My cellphone lasted a few days but the cell towers ran out of fuel for the generators.

I was completely isolated communication-wise for about a week and a half. If I had the old land line type I would have had a phone.
I was thinking like, don't make any more request if the limit is transgressed. So the limit could be surpassed by the last request.

Otherwise I guess the limit could be in the tcp layer too.

And the limit would not care about breaking sites. So I guess it would only be aimed at technical users on mobile where bytes count. Unless it is easy to "continue" without serverside state breaking.
hm, that might be happening to me, I'm an IC right now

I make it pretty clear during hiring that I don't have aspirations beyond IC anymore. Been there done that kind of vibes, I like to build. I say my value add is that I can add a vote for whatever policy or method would improve an org, people seem to like that.

But I'm currently on a team where leadership is doing everything outside of the sprint cycle, random demos in the middle of the week that nobody ever heard of before that day and so we must have all these features ready for right then, so I asked - I thought - a light question in the middle of the standup "are we using the sprint cycle?" because we have 2 week sprints and standups. and that was the.biggest.deal I've ever seen, all the leadership was convulsing amongst each other because they all have to show face to each other, instead of addressing their incompetence. "We- we- we'll take this offline!"

the meeting offline never happens. leadership can't be reached throughout the day. and the other IC's I do talk to (who don't know I've been in other non-IC roles before) act like I asked the biggest boat rocking question ever and I'm putting a target on myself.

To me, thats funny because the biggest boat rocking question would have been "why don't you do a demo from the staging branch that you're supposed to merge from dev in a schedule that's parallel and independent of the sprint" "why don't we have a staging branch, do you know what you're doing?" "why are you merging our pull requests in any order, not knowing the code base, and then yelling at us when there are merge conflicts, we should be reviewing each other's PRs"

Its actually a tolerable position,

but maybe there is a reality that I do have other jobs and maybe more comfortable about my prospects than other ICs there, and also have management experience that is impossible to hide.
> Will this be perceived as a stupid career move or will people understand?

Most people in tech know everyone who founds a startup immediately grants themselves a grand-sounding title, it's traditional.

Nobody will think it strange if a 22-year old startup CTO with 4 reports switches to being an IC at a big corporation.
Why not use real dogs?
They are really good at this.
Nuclear deterrence was perfectly capable with fission bombs
glad I didn't merge it ...
The Volt is a series/parallel hybrid. It has situations where the motor is directly connected to the wheels. The BMW i3 does has a series only set up, but that’s probably because it also has a BEV only version.
This was great. Thanks for sharing it.

I have a friend that is a retired music exec. I shared it with him. It's likely he worked with her, at some point.
(CTO coach here) Several of my clients have gone that way. Though I would ask people to just write code. Look at DHH, you define the CTO role and you can delegate stuff, not go to meetings and write some code.
How would Meta/Facebook accomplished this without reading Amazon's communication with its customers?

You have at least two parties in any conversation, I don't see where Youtube or Amazon consented, nevertheless, the recording was being done by Meta/Facebook, which was a third-party to the communication.

There are both Federal and State laws against the sort of wire-tapping that Facebook/Meta performed.