skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
The US began withdrawing their $500/1000/5000/10000 notes in the 1960s as well; the last issues were nominally before WWII.

There was some discussion around the turn of the century that the introduction of the 200/500 Euro notes might impact the USD's status as the dominant "notes in a coffee can buried in the yard" store of wealth for the developing world, but it never went anywhere.

It is interesting that this seems to be a remarkable amount of faith in inflation being a managed slow-walk-- if you had Weimar-style inflation, any fixed limit would be blown through in weeks. Although, perhaps that's a secondary objective there-- if an economy with high paper-trail requirements starts to overheat, pinching the monitoring system might provide additional leverage.
It's actually how lisp plans to take over.. Enough implementations and before you know it you have enough lispers to eclipse all other programmers
3 is incredibly important for global businesses. You ever try using a Japanese website?

As for how "easy" the others are, the truth is that the options I provided will be easier to make, easier to maintain, and work better than your home grown solution once you need to account for multiple machines.
But that's the problem, even the mathematical operations in programming languages don't follow the established conventions of mathematics. And even mathematics overloads operators all the time to mean subtly different things. And even if it didn't, mathematics notation was optimized over centuries for terseness, not for readability, so optimizing programming languages for familiarity with mathematics is optimizing for the wrong thing anyway. We can do better than standard mathematic notation, and that "better" probably looks like "just use properly-named methods or functions that communicate their intent in plain English, not in forbidding moon-runes".
conflating that people used to pay video coin-ops fro games to similar to DLC is ridiculous.

The coins were paying for the games, the arcade rent, etc...

With home machines, you own the arcade - so you just buy the game once... dlc payments are nothing like coins for cabinets.
Yes, that a better version of what I meant...
Are you... a programmer by any chance?
The discussion of the error recovery strategy is pretty interesting. It seems very similar to me to monte carlo tree search, which kind of suggests using a value network to estimate which branches to prune
The second book is substantially better (dare I say, amazing), with a very interesting main character.

The third book has a horrible main character, the antagonist is more appealing, but the plot resolution brings you forward.
It's not listed in the prerequisites but this requires an openai account. If they are doing all the work, what exactly does the rest of this code do?
Cygwin also offers this through /dev/clipboard, bidirectional. You can do "cat /dev/clipboard > file.txt" as well as "ls > /dev/clipboard"
I didn't know this, thanks. I thought xattrs and ADS are synonymous. Do SquashFS, ext4, HFS+ and APFS have ADS then?

I am looking forward to write my own cross-platform app which would rely on attaching additional data and metatata to my files.

"need to be in kernelspace" does not sound very scary because a user app probably doesn't need to do this very job itself - isn't there usually an OS-native command-line tool which can be invoked to do it?
One small town near not too far away has its Main Street almost perfectly aligned with the path of totality -- just offset by a few hundred feet.

I'm absolutely sure that it is completely coincidental. And yet: It is also very alluring.
Partial Turing Test
We run simulations of others all the time, trying to predict what they do. One theory is that this was a driver of the evolution of intelligence - which also enabled us to simulate ourselves, giving us self-awareness.

For people will know well, we often have a definite idea of how they would react in situation - so that even when they have passed on, they still live, in some sense, within us. Perhaps in quite a real sense, they do, via the model/simulation we have of them.

Authors explicitly simulate characters, and some authors report their characters making their own decisions, and leading a life of their own, frustrating the author's plans for them.

So... a "partial Turing Test" would be for a computer to predict what a given person will do; and compare this with what another human, who knows them equally well, predicts they will do. The more accurate prediction of how that given person does respond, has a better model/simulation of that person.
If they actually break up apple and google, it’s going to cause so much chaos that it might actually kickstart the venture capital markets into high gear again.
What country, out of curiosity?

Mine used to issue PIV smartcards (I think; at least there was a PKCS#11 driver for it available), but discontinued it in favor of server-hosted “private keys” unlocked via SMS-OTP (I wish I was kidding).
If 10 people deciding to make a language invent different new syntaxes, they don't show up on the same radar at once.

If they each make it a Lisp: oh no, how many Lisps do we need?
Yes, I’ve experienced it a few times as well. That doesn’t make it any less bizarre though.
Los Angeles is laying the groundwork for a better urban future
>> The C++ pointer-to-member is a fairly confusing concept. What it actually is is a pair - a pointer to the instance of the struct, and a pointer to a function in that struct.

> This isn't correct. C++ pointer to member's do not carry any instance information.

Mr. Bright's description is correct from the perspective of pointer-to-member's use, not when declared nor instantiated.

Given Mr. Bright's role in creating Zortech C, Zortech C++, amongst other compilers, and having used the two specifically mentioned personally, I believe he has a proven understanding of C/C++ compiler implementations.

Since one can interpret Mr. Bright's statement in the form of usage or definition, the former seems most applicable when viewed in the context of the remaining text.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_Mars
The metric the authors use confuses me.

Edit distance seems like a strange way to test if the model understands arithmetic ([1], Figure 3). I think `1+3=3` would be equally as correct as `1+1=9`?

Why not consider how far off the model is `abs(actual-expected)`? I wonder if there is an inflection point with that metric.

https://arxiv.org/abs/2206.07682
Isn’t there a PIN to protect these? Also, I’m assuming GP meant “not visually displaying as ID”, not “trying to swipe the PIV at a random computer”?
The goal is to protect your data from brute force not from yourself, it’s perfectly reasonable to have 2fa in your password manager, saying it’s 1fa is just fud
> and languages with more phonemes that have both a voiced and unvoiced version might be more difficult.

I had the understanding that English is unusually rich in phonemes that occur in both a voiced and unvoiced version. But as I've mentioned sidethread, this just isn't very significant as far as transcribing English goes.

English has an almost full series of stop and fricative phonemes that exhibit voicing contrasts:

- Bilabial, alveolar, and velar stops /p, b, t, d, k, g/, though the distinction between /t/ and /d/ disappears intervocalically in American English. [In practice, English speakers differentiate these phonemes more by the contrast of aspiration than by the contrast of voicing.]

- Interdental, labiodental, alveolar, palatal, but generally not velar, fricatives /θ, ð, f, v, s, z, ʃ, ʒ/, along with palatal affricates /tʃ, dʒ/.

- Nasals and approximants are always voiced.

Compare a language like Mandarin Chinese, where there are between zero and one pairs of phonemes that contrast by voicing (the sound represented by pinyin "r" may be a voiced fricative otherwise equivalent to "sh", or it may be an approximant; there is no contrasting voiceless approximant), or Spanish, where only the stops feature this contrast.

What are the languages that have more voicing contrasts than English does? It would almost be necessary for such a language to distinguish between voiced and unvoiced vowels. (Some quick research suggests that Icelandic at least has a comparable number of voicing contrasts, but it is not obviously more than English and appears to be actively shrinking.)

> tonal languages like Mandarin or Cantonese may be more difficult to decode if vocal cords aren’t vibrating

More difficult, yes, but in the sense that decoding may take more computation, not that the error rate will go up.

Again, we can already observe that e.g. Mandarin speakers do not have trouble understanding text that carries no information about tone, nor do they have trouble understanding songs, where lexical tone is overridden by the melody of the song.

(What happens here depends what you mean. If you want to decode speech into pinyin with tone marks omitted, the lack of ability to measure tones will fail to be a problem by definition. If you want to decode into Chinese characters, you'll need a robust model of the language, at which point lack of tones will also fail to be a problem - the language model will cover for it. If you want to decode into pinyin with tone marks, you won't be able to do that without using a language model.)
> Other times, he will understand but he just doesn't like your method, because he is working in an opposite direction. Or maybe your method is a direct competitor of his and yours work better, which incentivizes some people to block your work.

Oh you mean those phantom "off topic"/"out of scope" reviews.
I guess this is your lucky day, because you can already run it locally!

Take a look at the "Local Testing" section in the README of dispatch-py https://github.com/stealthrocket/dispatch-py?tab=readme-ov-f...

TLDR: python -m dispatch.test http://127.0.0.1:8000

This is just a mock implementation but it lets you test your code and experiment with the solution.
Even macOS supports them!
There are different ways to avoid this.

Nearly all of my 2FA are in Bitwarden, because it's just so damn convenient. But my Bitwarden itself uses YubiKey as 2FA.

Since I adopted this setup last year, it's been the best if both worlds for me.
If you have the power of a wish, why do you wish to make the world worse without such a common thing like spaces instead of wishing for the legacy APIs to have a better solution?
Is there any solid evidence that photographic memory exists?
Chicken-Fried Rice
What’s to say some of the stars in the sky aren’t massive computing devices disguised as a common star?
Garbage collection...
Kind of. You feed the LLM the input text for your prediction, you extract the activations of the final layer of the LLM (so the weights * the input of the previous layers), then use that activation vector, or embedding, as the input for a separate model. This separate model that uses the embedding can be any classifier or regression. A common use case for this is document classification.
The most import comment ^
Interesting, thank you! I would have expected Google Authenticator to somehow tangle the encryption keys used to the device it’s running on, but apparently it doesn’t if this works.
> PLA etc are just fine

Define "just fine". PLA microplastics can have strongly hormonal effects. In european perch, for example, they were even found to significantly alter social behavior.[0] MPs can cause tissue damage, oxidative stress, and changes in immune-related gene expression as well as antioxidant status in fish[1] and humans may experience oxidative stress, cytotoxicity, neurotoxicity, immune system disruption, and transfer of MPs to other tissues after being exposed to them.[1][2]

[0] https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S004896972...

[1] https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fenvs.2022.8272...

[2] https://www.undp.org/kosovo/blog/microplastics-human-health-...
Not only that, but what's the point in evaluating a language model on its ability to do arithmetic? It's like criticizing a talking dog because the C++ code it wrote was full of buffer-overflow bugs.

In reality, if you ask a good LLM to solve a math-related problem, it will write and run a Python program to return the answer. Sometimes this even works. Sometimes it returns garbage. And sometimes it realizes that its own answer isn't realistic and tries a different approach. Sometimes people claim this isn't a valid manifestation of intelligence.

Completely pointless study, unworthy of Wired or HN.
I owned zip folders for a while during the windows Vista days. I could have sworn the code was originally purchased, not written by someone at Microsoft. Honestly, it looked like it had been run through an obfuscator. I assumed that the original author had done that to ensure it was difficult for Microsoft to make changes/improvements.

I still have nightmares about that code. :)
That's a good point! I knew there was an edge case I was missing
Always been frustrated that this abstraction became so commonplace. It's not even like there's ever been a time in history where 'online' meant 'safe and reliable'. Marketing always wins out, I guess.
This guy claims Plummer is full of it: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=39812561
>If you do the latter you'd lose automatic updates.

Obtainium[1] will give you automatic updates from most sources, including Github/Gitlab/Codeberg and F-Droid repos. Especially relevant to this discussion, since Aegis 3.0 hasn't hit F-Droid yet, as at the writing of this comment.

[1] https://github.com/ImranR98/Obtainium
And also: https://meli-email.org/
Also the bread strikes in the late 70s.
TempleOS might not be well-known in the corporate world but it was definitely talked about quite a bit in the hobbyist OS community. Terry Davis was always sitting on the border between genius and insanity, and sadly crossed it and met an early demise.
I would love to see a list of all programming languages in a table with a list of all programming language features
Lots of Porsches tend to increase in value, some older models, spectacularly so.
How long can we teeter on the knife edge of global annihilation without someone pushing the wrong button?
Hacker News does not have a LaTeX compiler.
>> The pointer to instance part is the `this` pointer.

> What do you mean? The this pointer isn’t computed until you try to call the pointer-to-member-function.

Think of it from a compiler writer's perspective.

The implicit parameter when using a pointer-to-member function is the function pointer itself. The `this` (instance) pointer must be passed explicitly when invoking it (along with whatever other parameters the function requires).

Ergo:

>> The pointer to instance part is the `this` pointer.
Nearly 50% of US parents financially supporting adult children, study finds
> the entire JVM ecosystem to play with if I need it.

Do you ever need it?
Are you specifically looking for a free Kubernetes GUI?

If you’re open to commercial options, have a look at what Aptakube (https://aptakube.com) can do.

One feature that sets it apart from other UIs is connecting to multiple clusters simultaneously and seeing all resources in a single table.

Disclaimer: I’m the author
It saves a web page into a single file
Study: https://www.savings.com/insights/financial-support-for-adult...

Related: https://www.theguardian.com/money/2024/mar/22/parents-financ...
I've noticed this in my career. The lesson is to not "ship" something until you're proud of it. Sometimes that's easier said than done though.
I think we'd definitely have to rethink our toilets, though. Don't want your tail hanging in there while you're doing your business.
Raivo is a source-available ios app. It has exports, icloud sync and can generate a new QR code. Keychain is also not bad.
This will change if technology is developed which greatly extends human lifespans. Such technology is going to become necessary soon because of plummeting birth rates.
I don't want to get into too many details but basically it will be when I must leave the country. Having established a source of independent income would significantly affect my lifestyle back at home.
The Dragons Egg explores this in a fun way. Life on the surface of a neutron star.
Apple will hardly let it's users know they are using Google. They will name it like Siri ultra pro Max and say they built this.
>that I can think of - is that the models "discovered" how to do arithmetic in a general way.

I mean..yeah. Maybe i've simply misunderstood but It seems like you're presenting this as an outlandish idea but something like this is what Neural Networks regularly end up doing especially in the limit (as loss trends down to zero).

https://cprimozic.net/blog/reverse-engineering-a-small-neura...

https://www.alignmentforum.org/posts/N6WM6hs7RQMKDhYjB/a-mec...

Nobody is going to find any such set because time and time again, neural networks show us complete memorization is actually more difficult than just learning the distribution (even if imperfectly).
A common enemy to unite all of humanity will certainly provide economic development.
... The posession factor is the encrypted file that stores your secrets. It is in fact the same factor that Aegis uses, because it also uses an encrypted file to store your secrets. I'm not sure what you're expecting Aegis to do that is different from storing TOTP secrets in an encrypted file.
It's become clear that we aren't going to push forward the political solutions to this issue. Homes are going to get more expensive. Jobs will further concentrate in a select few more and more expensive cities. And the pedigree of one's education is going to matter more and more in securing a well-paying job.

Hopefully as future generations get supported by parents longer we can become more like Asian cultures where it's normal for adult children to live at home with parents. That decrease of demand on the housing market coupled with tighter family connection at a time when people are lonelier and more isolated than ever before could be a really good bandage over the fundamental problems our society has
> In C++ that is not the case which makes C++ pointer to members much more flexible.

Here's an article describing how to achieve the same effect in D:

https://www.digitalmars.com/articles/b68.html
Am I reading correctly that XWayland doesn't have the same problems? (The initial comment mentioning it seemed to say that XWayland was just as bad, but later comments seem to contradict that)
That actuarial figure is not releavant, and is deliberately misleading. Almost all of it is an estimate of the impact of suicides on families. Based on comparisons to countries with stronger gun control, it’s clear that the majority of these would substitute other methods, and even in the case of gun suicides, insurance policies generally do not pay for suicides.

Separately, how do you think this would help poor areas, where most guns are owned informally and would likely be uninsured, just as many drivers are?
LanguageTransfer: Free, High Quality Language Courses
Don't most enterprises already have something like this? Various bots and jobs that were programmed to run on a schedule and collect data / perform digital tasks in a company?
Who's to say that all of them aren't, including our own?
> Why do you assume we distroy ourselves?

Seveneves, by Neil Stephenson, discusses the human penchant for self-destruction much better then I can in an HN comment, it is worth a read. In short, though, we cannot, unfortunately, escape our humanity, and pretending we don’t take it with us wherever we go is wishful thinking. As a group, we are ruled by incredibly base instincts that no longer apply to our situation, but they still largely determine our trajectory.
Some alcohol is fairly high value, and easy to sell on the black market.
See https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=39812834 for a more complete explanation.
Rust-Written Coreutils 0.0.25 with Improved GNU Compatibility
The v0.0.25 release fixes various flags, adjusting various error messages to match the GNU style, Android CI improvements, and a variety of other bug fixes and compatibility enhancements. Currently 437 tests are passing, 50 are being skipped, and 117 are failing.
OneSignal (YC S11) Is Hiring Engineers to Build a Customer Engagement Platform
It’s possible that a sentience dependent on a colder chemistry could operate more slowly, too.
No, nothing like that. I wonder how that detection works?

I tried this and it took a shot of a "bot detected" screen:

shot-scraper https://news.com.au/

But when I used interactive mode I could take the screenshot - run this:

shot-scraper -i https://news.com.au/

It opens a Chrome window. Then hit "enter" in the CLI tool to take the screenshot.
The direction you're heading in sounds very similar to the arguments that may have been made pre-Snowden about mass-surveillance.
I was going to be cute and offer "-mbug fixes and performance improvements" but then I remembered that there was some repo posted a few months back where the github tree listed showed "(no message)" and I had no idea that was possible but yup <https://git-scm.com/docs/git-commit#Documentation/git-commit...>

$ git init
$ git commit --allow-empty-message --allow-empty -F /dev/null
But why would I want to do this instead of just having multiple lambdas that capture the same values by reference, or using shared_ptr and synchronization? I can see lifetimes of the data being an issue, but you shouldn't be calling std::visit in a way where that could cause a problem without synchronization anyway.
If you use the browser extension, then pages requiring login are no problem because you are already logged in.

The output compared to PDF is like night and day. It is high Fidelity versus low Fidelity. At this point now, I only use PDF if for some reason I need it
There's also a slice of marine sediment in there along Pass Rd, turned up as the volcano poked through. There are natural gas wells along it.

The Middle Mountain Foundation used to organize hikes in the mountains which were fantastic. Not sure if they still do.

Only a small part of the Buttes are publicly owned.
Hyprland builds using a pinned commit of wlroots instead of a tagged release because wlroots release schedule is too slow for Hyprland's development. [0]

This turns into a problem for maintainers because many distributions refuse to ship non tagged versions of software.

Hyprland used to depend on wlroots-git, but when it made the switch to use specific pinned commits instead, a lot more distributions started to package it [1], but some still refuse to do so such as Debian.

[0] https://github.com/hyprwm/hyprland/issues/302#issuecomment-1...

[1] https://gitlab.alpinelinux.org/alpine/aports/-/merge_request...
I'm fairly sure you know this already, but you just described the Fermi Paradox. [1] And the answer to this paradox is that there is no answer, though there are a million hypotheses.

[1] - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fermi_paradox
Apple do this with software that doesn't participate in an Apple Developer account.

It's complete bullshit, because the actual notarization service for Apple Developers DOES NOTHING ABOUT MALWARE AT ALL.

Yet they boldly claim, Chromium, for example is potentially MALWARE worded and presented in a way that suggests it probably is Malware.

Every single argument I've heard in some attempt to justify this is that it makes the Macos platform more secure. Except how that is achieved is anyone's guess, since there is no quality scanning whatsoever.

It's just another rent seeking move by a company that gives no sh!ts.
It takes whatever is in the Dom of the page you are viewing, and sticks it into a single HTML file that can be served later and will reproduce with high Fidelity the source page.

I use it to export an HTML file that I can stick in my logseq archive for later. So much better than just printing to a PDF!
It is disingenuous for you to refer to "Chinese law". The reality is that there is no rule of law or independent judiciary in China. The law is whatever order CCP officials issue.