skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
OT, and the HN front page has moved on, but just in case someone is interested, and potentially in chatting... A year or so ago, I was exploring live-ish coding with small code fragments and extremely rich namespace manipulation. Sort of "PL is about naming"(so make that awesomely powerful) + "multi-phase collaborative-compilation extensible-language"(and give those namespaces control over everything). Context on steroids.

Perhaps think of javascript-like objects, but much less impoverished. With multiple inheritance prototyping. And fields that not just shadow, but can compose array/object values. And aliases, renames, deletions, set ops, etc, etc. Extremely succinct specification of namespace derivations and variants. Sort of a configuration system. "Object A is composed of interwoven parts of specifications B and C, and when creating variations on A, the contributions of those parts can be altered by name".

And the namespace then becomes the parse, compile, runtime, and dynamic scope contexts. For Maude-like localized control - "in this lexical context, I want integers absent, numbers to parse as Decimal, use this type system, be implemented using this library, with this allocator, ...". So a lexical scope can begin with `use C99;` or `use Python 3.11;`, and those are "simply" two unremarkable computation contexts. From past experience, it's nice to have a forcing factor of "ok, if we were merely implementing one language then mumble would be satisficing, but when doing n languages, we need to up our game by ...".

My next step was going to be putting together an illustrative demo using the great diversity of computations one might describe as say "2+2". Integers and float types, with diverse and not-always-contiguous bit layouts, cpu flags, finite rings, etc, etc. It ended up backburnered, but summer is coming, and this thread reminded me of it.
Ehhhhhh. I get the sentiment, but I think this really depends on what the "main" language is and how amenable it is to scripting.

Personally, I prefer writing shell scripts regardless of what the main language is in a given project. They're portable (more or less), and can e.g. detect missing dependencies and install them if necessary, which isn't possible with the main language if you're missing its compiler or interpreter.
The Great Rates Descent Will Be Nasty, Brutish and Long
As described (ie. only run when I say so), the GC is less overhead than ref counting because you're not even paying for the cost to free things.
Polanski is French citizen though and key figure in the French cultural circles, also he was well connected enough to be let go in the US in the first place multiple times .

While US would prosecute him if they could , they have not tried anywhere as hard to extradite him like they are doing with Assange .

Assange is not a UK citizen , UK has some of the weirdest privacy and human rights laws they are not fully part of EHCR anymore and actively trying to deport refugees to Rwanda , France is hardly in the same category as UK .

I wouldn’t characterize UK as country with strong human rights they are pretty exploitative (see how they treated windrush generation or the Gurkhas )
I was a photographer until late last year and there were many weeks I spent 40 hours+ in Photoshop and I don’t remember a single crash.

I’m on Windows, for what it’s worth.
Perhaps, but there are other indications that "deranged activists" are not in charge:

AI researcher Timnit Gebru resigns from Google
https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=25292386

Google to pause Gemini image generation of people after issues
https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=39465250

You and I may want a totally unfiltered AI tool, but I don't expect a company with billions of users of all ages and situations to release that tool without guardrails.
Unrelated, but is it my imagination or all string algorithms would benefit from UTF-32 over UTF-8?

UTF-32 always uses 32 bits per character, so you can easily paralelize it because you can easily tell where a character starts in a bit stream.

UTF-16 can have 16 or 32 bits, so if you have a sequence 2 characters of 16-32 bits, or in UTF-8's case, a sequence of 3 characters that are 8-16-16 bits, they won't fit neatly in a box. You can't just say char_ptr + 32 to land on the 32nd character, making it much harder to paralelize.
This is expected, right? It would be surprising if something as general as GPT-4V was trained on a diverse and nuanced set of radiology images, vs say, a traditional CNN trained and refined for particular detection of specific diseases. It feels akin to concluding that a picnic basket doesn't make a good fishing toolbox after all. Worse would be if someone in power was actually enthusiastically recommending plain GPT-V as a realistic solution for specialized vision tasks.
There's a perverse beauty to it - we've collectively beaten the biosphere into submission. Explored the unknowns, commodified everything.

And then, out of our ultimate triumph of order, safety, and control of the natural world comes life! That we can't understand, control, or even necessarily get along with.

Full circle!
I have to say, you guys are all calculating things without any sort of deference to the nature of the soil underneath any of these piers or abutments. Also, you're both off on your other points as well. Sunshine Skyway has in no way been tested, and there are ways to "reinforce" earthen works so that they can handle more force so that you don't necessarily need 10 m.

You guys are doing amateur engineering. Firstly we don't even know what happened here yet. Secondly we don't know the nature of the problem we'd have to solve in protecting any span that would have been at that position. (How deep is the water? How far down to bedrock? Geological nature of the soil? etc etc etc)

It seems almost impossible for us as humans to just give the professionals some time and space to work so we can see what happened. I get that. I even engage in it at times. But you guys are stating things with certainty and almost indignation? Come on fellas.

Just say your peace and admit it's just a wild ass guess that's likely to be wrong in the end like the rest of our comments.

ETA: Thank you bmelton for owning that.
I am saying that GCs can do it as a GC engineer
In my experience csv has the fewest problems. Not that it has zero problems.
What locally hosted (on device, or on local network) LLMs does it support? I can only see mention of using cloud providers.
I'll certainly go give this a spin later as I use voice to text daily. My first few questions:

How's the dictation accuracy compare to Talons latest model, or Microsoft's new voice access? Or dragon? You've got a few comparisons already but nothing that I actually use.

What's the latency like?

At least for me a general voice editor isn't useful, give me something that can send text to wherever my mouse is pointing and that's useful. Then make sure it works with Microsoft's voice without borders, synergy, barrier, input director etc.

Oh and does it support a user dictionary?
Out-of-bounds access is not required for the pseudo-UAF we're talking about here. Deleting a node in the middle of a linked list will leave a "hole" in the backing Vec. You cannot shift the next elements down to fill the hole because that will invalidate all handles to them. If the backing Vec holds the nodes directly, as TFA's implementation does, then there is no way to mark the hole as a hole. So any bug where a different node's handle accidentally ends up accessing this hole instead will lead to that code observing a "freed" node.

One workaround is to make the backing Vec hold Option of Node instead so that deleting a node can set the hole to None, in which case the bug I described above has the opportunity to unwrap() and panic instead of silent UAF. Though you'll also need additional tracking for those holes so that you can fill them with new nodes later, at which point you'd be better off using a proper freelist / slab instead of a Vec anyway (as TFA also mentions).
Go read any first hand account of anyone who's spent time in solitary for more than a week and tell me that isn't torture. People go into solitary for years
So what is going to make Boom profitable?
Instead of comparing against some "average doctor", they used a few doctors as "source of truth"

> All images were evaluated by two senior surgical residents (K.R.A, H.S.) and a board-certified internal medicine physician (A.T.). ECGs and clinical photos of dermatologic conditions were additionally evaluated by a board-certified cardiac electrophysiologist (A.H.) and dermatologist (A.C.), respectively
What Every Developer Needs to Know About GitHub Branch Protection
I'm waiting for a build so I went fully down this trail. XD

A1) Yes it can be done with a 4090. (2a).

A2) 2 days. (4d/4e).

B) Up to you, author did both and settled on 50M which they got to 1300 ELO. (note: they also did subsequent work with the same model to increase perf without further training) (2a).

C) Mu: there's no limit as you can page in/out (3a, 3c), and its trivial to store in both RAM and VRAM. 30B fits in memory with 32 GB of RAM or VRAM. (3e)

Starting from:

1. article: https://adamkarvonen.github.io/machine_learning/2024/03/20/c...

2. second sentence links to post on training: https://adamkarvonen.github.io/machine_learning/2024/01/03/c....

2a. "A 50 million parameter GPT trained on 5 million games of chess learns to play at ~1300 Elo in one day on 4 RTX 3090 GPUs"

2b. "The 50M parameter model played at 1300 Elo with 99.8% of its moves being legal within one day of training"

3. re: most parameters 4090 can do:

3a. understanding is there is no limitation, in that, you don't _need_ to have every parameter in memory at all times, either during training or inference.

3b. google "are amount of parameters in llm limited by vram size"

3c. go to /r/LocalLLaMa link: https://www.reddit.com/r/LocalLLaMA/comments/15j0mvm/what_ar... (why? its a favorite of mine, believe its the closest you get to local training ppl talking in open space that's not discord)

3d. understanding in 3a is correct.

3e. "The model must fit in your RAM or VRAM, but you can split the model between them. With 32gb ram you could fit a 30b model"

4. 3090 vs. 4090 training speed

4a. google "rtx 3090 vs. 4090 llm training perf"

4b. wander through top reddit links. useful info, but a little too technical to share in a way that doesn't require explaining a lot.

4c. down the list: lamda labs link from october 2022: https://lambdalabs.com/blog/nvidia-rtx-4090-vs-rtx-3090-deep...

4d. 4090 is roughly 2x the perf on TransformerXL Large, the best match for transformers based large model, i.e. an LLM

4e. training took 4 3090-sdays for author. So 2 days.
Kicking off our Fediverse research – The Fediversalist Papers
Let me strengthen my brothers for a moment.

The church is not dying. False believers are leaving.

Loving Jesus but not obeying Jesus is called being a false believer.

In my church many people my age are being saved I'm 26 and it is all god.

People literally show up cause god told them to.

He is real and he is working. Gods not dead.

He is bigger than your unbelief and bigger than false red letter, liberal, social club, nice set of stories Christianity.

He doesn't need you, you need him.
> the RNG isn't initialized

Or used.

sk_identity is static over the lifetime of the device, so doesn't need new entropy.

sk_device is generated after pk_user is recieved, so can use HASH(sk_identity,pk_user) as entropy. This results in the same pk_device for every session with a given pk_user, which theoretically enables traffic analysis, but the security model implies traffic analysis is out-of-scope.

signature and enc_sig might need entropy as well, but can still use HASH(sk_identity,pk_user).
I have this one too. I'm always on a bridge that somehow has a big on/off ramp over the water and fall in off the ramp.
IBM also made Microsoft pay for the Xenon in the Xbox 360.
I mean, yes, everybody is pointing out about the mass of the container ship, but that's actually to the point of the above question and my question. Because the ship's size and weight are obvious. Were ships this size regularly passing by or under this bridge such that this scenario was effectively bound to happen given a ship failure and/or pilot error? That's my question. I'm not familiar with port activities, so it seems weird to have basically no secondary protection for that bridge with container ships of that size operating so close that they can hit it mere minutes after some failure.

Watching this video (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qJNRRdha1Xk) shows that the ship was incredibly close to the bridge in the first place, even prior to the supposed failure. It's a bit bewildering to me, with my current knowledge, that this scenario wasn't envisioned prior.
> That a ship with so much more destructive potential is allowed to operate without the same level of redundancy as a $90k Audi, is unconscionable.

Would you still believe this if it was demonstrated that the system lacking redundancy was - due to factors beyond the scope of this conversation - more safe by an order of magnitude than the steering system that includes redundancy but in a different medium?

Put differently: do you think the Space Shuttle should have had ejection seats? If yes, what about an Airbus A320 flying a normal commercial route?
I think people are really looking for some examples of scenarios where this might be a requirement and your time might be better spent providing one vs. fighting with them. Maybe something like an airgapped gov network with very specific approved and audited software?
There’s much more to it than you say.

The real problem is most GCs are built with a “throughput first” mindset and determinism is bolted on.

The details of how to build a deterministic GC are beyond the scope of a HN post lol
Data structures with circular references are so incredibly rare in practice. I've occasionally needed to use a graph (sometimes even a cyclic one), and petgraph with integer indexes works fine for that. Other than that, I've been writing Rust full-time for over 7 years and really not needed them.

The benefit is that for almost all code you get mutability xor aliasing, which I think is incredibly important to achieving correctness at scale.
Shine – photo sharing app from Marissa Mayer
Both are real. I worked in the public sector and only worked from home for a month. My wife works in winemaking and never took any time off work. Both of us due to our jobs were outside all the time. I got covid, and developed systemic inflammation affecting most body functions as well as symptoms consistent with Reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome. The changes to my memory, cognition, mood stability and personality were frightening. While driving home at the onset of symptoms I had a crippling headache, 150+ bpm heart rate, chest pain, and limb numbness. In the 30 minutes between leaving work and arriving home my handwriting completely changed, and my ability compose communication dropped from consulting on peer-reviewed technical papers to junior high at best. There is no doubt in my mind the effects of lockdown were immense and caused widespread intra- and inter-personal issues we haven’t come close to recovering from. But the physiological damage covid possesses the capacity to unleash on those as unfortunate as I was are equally real as well
After Appalachian hospitals merged, their ERs became much slower
You try to explain why you don't necessarily agree and in doing that you confirm everything the parent said. Very confusing.
Remember the judge of Epstein who boasted that he got murderers aquitted? That's the level of legal juggling you get in such cases.
official post: https://sunshine.com/introducing-shine/
Less annoying ChatGPT with custom instructions
Yes, I agree. But I don't think the path forward is to re-establish the security of root. Instead the path forward is to stop granting the full capabilities of the user to every program the user runs. In Android, for example, every app has its own user account. That is meaningful! I wish every desktop app were sandboxed by default, but it requires redesigning so many interfaces that you might as well think of it as a whole new platform.

Of course, such a platform basically exists: the web platform.

I think everything-is-a-web-site is the realistic way we get to secure desktops. I don't like it but it's hard to imagine anything else getting traction from here.
This feels like it was done for the clicks and not actual research. There are plenty of AI startups in the radiology game, GPT-4V isn't free - so why is that the one being tested?

Run research on models that are actually trained to solve these issues, that is relevant research

Just as an example, Viz.ai applied[1] and received FDA clearance/approval for their model in hospitals.

Have OpenAI ever submitted a request for use of GPT-4V? Whats next, try autopilot driving with GPT-4V?

[1] https://www.viz.ai/news/viz-ai-receives-fda-510k-clearance-f...
Check the competitors - why didn't Google grow as fast as Microsoft or Nvidia? So yeah, that's ineffective. Maybe you could have grown Google as much as Sundar because he was essentially sitting on a gold mine found by the Google founders.
Looks like a neat toy.

I'd rather them implement a full phone though, I'd be down for an alternative OS that isn't owned by Google or Apple.

Maybe that's the next step
I came for the speed, I stayed for the lack of `ConcurrentModificationException`s.

In all seriousness though, I'd say I only have 2 real projects that needed Rust's speed, and the rest I've done is because I bring the other type safety benefits Rust brings.
Costs, not salary. Overhead is usually 1.5x-3x salary and I was throwing in some profit for good measure. So the number I threw out is more in the 150 k$-300 k$ range, not the 500 k$ range like you are thinking.
off the archaic “whom”.

One easy fix is using the modern 'whomst' everywhere. It has the all the faux-sophistication of 'whom' (with some extra borrowed from 'amongst' and 'whilst') while being equitably wrong to everyone rather than special groups like whom-pedant toffs and who-everywhere anarchists.
There's a big cultural problem and there are several big technical problems.

Rust has a safety culture, and C++ does not. In Rust's safety culture it was obvious that std::mem::unintialized (an unsafe function) should be deprecated because it's more dangerous than it appears, it's actually hard to use it correctly. That's why today we have the MaybeUninit type. In C++ it was apparently equally obvious that std::span, a brand new type in C++ 20, should not have a safe index operation.

Technically the safe/ unsafe distinction being at the language level makes it hard to fake. You can say your C++ only uses your safe abstractions, but the language itself doesn't care, so without inspecting every part of it to check you're never more than one slip away from catastrophe.

Most importantly in this context, at the language level Rust is committed to this safety distinction. If you write code where Rust's compiler can't see why it's OK, the compiler rejects your program. C++ requires that a conforming compiler must instead accept programs unless it can show why they're wrong. These are two possible ways to cut the Gordion knot of Rice's Theorem, but they have very different consequences.
Please seek help from a suicide resource center - they can offer the kinds of help that will make a difference more than people on HN are able to offer.

I see 2 things that are good news here, the first is that you reached out to others for help, speaking purely statistically this is a good indicator that you are a survivor! The second good news is that much of the AI hype you're hearing is embellished for profit. Things feel really bleak because of where your head is at right now, and that can change!

Please go get help from the people waiting to give it to you, you can make it through even this!
"Google Search added a mail feature. Tell me why?"

Have people lost their mind?
People Can Sue Police for 'Negligent' Investigation, Wyoming Supreme Court Says
Related:

Rust data structures with circular references - https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=29207397 - Nov 2021 (42 comments)
Last week, a tweet went viral of a Claude user fighting with radiologists claiming the LLM found a tumor when the radiologists did not (most of the replies were rightfully dunking on it):

> A friend sent me MRI brain scan results and I put it through Claude.

> No other AI would provide a diagnosis, Claude did.

> Claude found an aggressive tumour.

> The radiologist report came back clean.

> I annoyed the radiologists until they re-checked. They did so with 3 radiologists and their own AI. Came back clean, so looks like Claude was wrong.

> But looks how convincing Claude sounds! We're still early...

https://twitter.com/misha_saul/status/1771019329737462232
Dementia Risk May Fall as Younger Generations Have Larger Brains
Apparently this container ship was only half loaded to capacity. And it seems likely that a container ship would hit it given the vicinity of such container ships. I'm generally confused on this matter.
This site can’t be reached(?)
"It has nothing to do with the intentions of the builder"

Why not? They did not have the intention to make the bridge resistant to such heavy loads, as that was not a use case at that time.

They had the intention to make a bridge to last as long as possible for the traffic at their time. And they surely succeded with this.

Now whether they also could have made a bridge that resists 18 wheelers for 1000 years, well, I don't know.
But the rise in depression is only amongst some people, not everyone uniformly. Yet nearly ~all teenagers use the internet and something that can be described as social media. So it'd be punishing the majority who can use something responsibly and even get enjoyment and benefit from it, for the lack of self control of a minority (who could easily just log off but won't).

All that assumes the link actually holds, indeed. The two articles in Reason are persuasive that it doesn't hold though. The social media discussion in that case is just a distraction that stops people figuring out the real causes.
I presume that was only visible when the region is Europe. But also the obligation expired in 2014. Weird.

> Microsoft's obligation to display the Browser Choice screen to Windows users expired in December 2014.
Have there been many studies like this one that have been judged blind?

I'd trust a study like this a little more if the human evaluators were presented with the output of GPT-4 mixed together with the output from human experts, such that they didn't know if the explanation they were evaluating came from a human or an LLM.

This would reduce the risk that participants in the study, consciously or subconsciously, marked down AI results because they knew them to be AI results.
I know it looks like startup blog spam, but as a co-founder of said startup, I actually learned something by reading it.
2x harbor pilots.

No tugs.

Harbor protocol was in effect.
I know this may seem pedantic, but to image that the cost of an additional screw or screw+engine at 100k for vessels like this is patently absurd. Just trying to offer some explanation if you're confused at the responses you're getting. Requiring such a thing would probably have a measurable impact on the global economy, even if all current vessels were grandfathered in and exempt.
sorry yes, thank you for the correction.