skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
> Language doesn't have to mean conscious internal monologue.

Agreed, but boy do I wish we had better words (ha!) for this.

Calling everything "language" even if someone internally has a more visual or tactile or some other kind of "internal grammar" really gives an unfortunate tilt to casual conversation.

For most people, in everyday discussion, "language" means words/text. I wish we had some term for "structured knowledge" that did not rely on the words/text analogy, since it can leave different-minded people feeling a bit sidelined.
I recall once google came on the scene I ditched altavista and never looked back. I was a teen but my recollection was that Google included the relevant paragraph of text from the page shown in in the search results whereas altavista showed one line that was often indecipherable gobbledygook - perhaps the page title matched a keyword - and it made it so much easier to scroll through ten results and identify the one that was the highest quality

Plus the no fast no clutter homepage for google compared to how many links can we fit in one screen for the portals
But there must be so many people that buy iPhones, iPads, and macBooks that don't then give Apple any recurring revenue too.
On the positive side, judging from the youtube videos I've been watching lately, law enforcement officers have an incredible ability to 'hallucinate' laws to enforce.
OptOutCode – A Privacy4Cars Universal Opt-Out Concept
The cargo a plane can carry isn't limited only by the volume of the interior, but also by the amount of weight that can be carried safely in the plane. Airlines try to balance the amount of dense and non-dense (a.k.a. volumetric) cargo to solve for the joint constraint by charging different prices for cargo depending on the greater of its weight cost vs. its volume cost.

Even if it turned out to be practical to double the volume of cargo you could carry, it seems unlikely that it would allow you to double the weight of the cargo, since the engines and the airframe have all been designed around the same set of engineering requirements. The best case scenario would be a decrease in the cost of volumetric cargo, with dense cargo staying the same.
I opened the submission https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=39752134 and it had the following banner: "Global Privacy Control detected. Want more privacy? Try
OptOutCode"

Does anyone have more information about this opt out code and what it is supposed to do?

EDIT: Just found this PDF on their site with some more information about it, but I'm still not too sure if I want to change my device name

https://optoutcode.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/FINAL-CPA-...
Isn’t garum a “fish dissolved in its own gut enzymes” kinda thing?

By the at measure - dissolving other organic stuff sort of makes sense as names go.
Despite all The Economists numerical manipulations, Democrat presidents have had a lot more job creation than Republican presidents. I'll bet it hurt them to write this article.
بياس
If you mean the original one I wouldn't argue, I had one of those and remember how heavy and chonky they were, and how they would instantly explode whenever dropped... The modern ones aren't like that and I suspect are actually far more robust despite the myths of old, because the density of modern feature phones are generally so low and the electronics are so much smaller with more room for casing that it's very hard for them to damage themselves. That's probably true of all feature phones, but the problem is most of them are painful to use because of terrible software, nokia's S30+ is far from ideal, but it's not absolute crap for basic functionality either.

That said, I wouldn't recommend the new 3310, because it's only 2G which isn't going to give you very good call quality or network coverage globally, better to go with any of the 4G S30+ based phones for longevity. Just avoid KaiOS because it defeats the purpose of a feature phone by trashing battery and giving you smartphone features, and apparently it's like the worst android preloaded dumpster fire you can imagine.

I'm probably going to replace mine with this one eventually:
https://www.hmd.com/en_gb/nokia-225-4g/specs?sku=16QENB01A06
بياس اي فوت بول
Upload a picture of food, calculate calorie consumption
This project allows users to upload images of food. Utilizing AI technology, it identifies the food in the images and displays the identified food along with the total calorie count.
If it is possible to target 2% inflation and 3% inflation, then it is possible to target 0%. We're not dealing with particularly complex ideas here.

And if we anchored the unit of measurement to some commodity - which appears to have been standard practice for most of human history, I might add - then we'd be able to get a pretty good estimate of relative real changes in prices. It'd be more accurate than the current system of targeting constant price changes.

It wouldn't be perfect, but the current policy is basically printing money and handing it out to asset owners - which is not only imperfect but wildly unfair, distorts markets in unhelpful ways and looks a lot like it is heading for a large financial collapse.
> institutional racism

are you absolutely certain that your thoughts are not being constrained by your language?
The "eCVT" in the Toyota hybrid system isn't a CVT at all, but rather a system that uses the electric motors with planetary gearsets to keep the engine operating as close to its optimal RPM as possible: https://youtu.be/O61WihMRdjM?si=hPoLm8EZnbiLH60h
That's an inductive bias, not an emergent property. The inductive bias of transformers is that they're good at integrating global context from different parts of a sequence without a particular bias towards recent time steps or localized regularities. And that happens to be a good fit for many (but not all) real-world sequence learning tasks.

The "emergent property" aspect is when LLMs are good at a task at scale X*3 but were incompetent at scale X.
For context: Alfred Nobel, who created the Nobel Prize, is the inventor of dynamite (earth shattering kaboom!) which ultimately funded the Prize.
I had no idea this was even a thing. I always just think “would this set make me $x happy to have?”

Of course, the answer is never “no” so I think I probably am not very bargain conscious when it comes to LEGO. And I may have a problem.
Private Islands, Inc
Whenever I read anything about rocketry and Europe I'm reminded of this quote:

> Let us say we had ten guaranteed launches per year in Europe and we had a rocket which we can use ten times—we would build exactly one rocket per year," he said. "That makes no sense. I cannot tell my teams: 'Goodbye, see you next year!' [0]

European "strategic autonomy" in a quote.

[0] https://arstechnica.com/science/2018/05/ariane-chief-seems-f...
> I also wonder what exactly is making the cooled potato tougher to digest.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retrogradation_(starch)
Indeed, they are mostly parroting that knowledge with some reasoning from combinations of those patterns. That counts for something. It’s not what we do, though. Or not all we do.

Humans can just sit around aimlessly toying with stuff, reading books, etc. They’ll figure out some of these patterns on their own. Whereas, we have to give these things a ton of highly-curated, pre-processed data made by human minds of all kinds. Then, it’s usually 800GB-4TB for the good ones. They’re appear to be not in our league yet as learning machines.

We’ll be able to assess it better as multimodal models come online. We can train them like infants, then children, on books, random observations through cameras, TV, people reading to them, supervised feedback… all the stuff we do with humans. Then see if and how they match up in performance.
You have to do tutorials. Actually, why isn't there a UI tutorial app which is basically just practice for all the different BS ways UI writers invent to do the same things? It should come pre-installed. Like a DuoLingo for user interfaces! Heck, make sure it covers as many common interface paradigms as possible!
Bet on Love: The Prediction Market Dating Show
Agreed - The ultra rich's wealth does not come from their wages.
To get into exact numbers, it starts to depend on what exactly is meant by "accessibility". For simplicity's sake, let's take supporting screen reading software. What % of the population uses a screenreader? If we assume that every blind user uses one, then the slice is about 2.4%.

According to CanIUse, that's a similar percentage to the share of users who use browsers that don't support Flexbox. Have you used Flexbox recently? If so, you've excluded a similar slice of your potential user base.

And, just like with ignoring flexbox, you can of course code around this. I've actually written SPAs with screen reader support, and it's a pain. Advocates will tell you that if you just follow the WAI-ARIA standard, it'll work seamlessly! But no -- in practice, each screen reader is like a mini-IE6; they all deviate from the standards in strange and unpredictable ways.
Proper nerd chic, that site. Love it!
> Lots of societies have collapsed before they could solve deflation.

Are there? What were these societies?

If I go to the deflation page on Wikipedia (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deflation) the preponderance of examples are places that are actually pretty nice to live and as far as I can see have uniformly not collapsed.
I have no idea what I just watched, but felt compelled to share the perplexity.

Related: https://time.com/6694798/manifold-love-dating-markets/
I'll try living with a 28 hour day
Manual memory management vs garbage collection trades speed of allocation for speed of freeing memory. Freeing memory is expensive in a garbage collected language, but allocation is basically free.

Modern garbage collectors are very good and handle many common use cases rather efficiently, with minimal or zero pauses, such as freeing short-lived objects. Many GC operations are done in parallel threads without stopping the application (you just pay the CPU overhead cost).

Also JITs in both the CLR and the JVM perform optimizations such as escape analysis, which stack-allocate objects that never escape a function’s scope. These objects thus do not have to be GC’d.

So really with a GC’d language, you mostly have to worry about pauses and GC CPU overhead. Most GCs can be tuned for a predictable workload. (A bigger challenge for a GC is a variable workload.)
There's also many issues with just interpreting the results of the work.

Our best models can perform a previously unseen task with an average performance of 83% correct based solely on linguistic instructions (that is, **zero-shot learning**).

They used GPT-2 from HuggingFace. I'm unsure what data this model is trained on. If it is the original GPT-2 checkpoint then that data is unknown. I just refuse to let anyone casually claim "zero-shot" when the training data is unknown. GPT-2 was trained on 40GB of text data (which is A LOT! It includes 8 million documents and 45 million web pages). This may not be the crazy sizes we see today, but even then the community was concerned about accurately stating what was in distribution and out of distribution. You can't know if you don't know what it was trained on AND how it was trained (since the mathematics can also put pressure on certain things that may not be realized at first).

In addition to this, their efforts look to be mainly using clustering techniques. CLIP itself is a clustering algorithm. ANNs frequently do clustering as well, but you know, there's some black box nature to them (but not entirely opaque either).

It is very hard to draw causal conclusions when you use either of these two things. Not to mention the fact that causality itself is difficult given that different graphs can be indistinguishable.
I am sorry but this is a terrible write up. Because the gist of it all is 'do what you are good at and help people' but giving examples of billion dollar companies in 90% of the write up shows - but also look at these billionaires its so cool.

You could start a sewing business with few clients at most. Thats still a start up and will make you just as successful and happy and content and will help your local community and if you are good at it become bigger over time. This is how humanity has evolved. These big tech startups are a thing since the last 20 years maybe. But businesses have existed for centuries and they all start with small projects.

But this writeup focusses on these billionaires and tech startup culture so much that it misses to focus on the part - 'do your thing and it might not be programming'. Now being a founder of Y combinator might make you biased to look at only programming and tech companies but it's a shame because tech companies only show up as giants in share value. The tangible world of businesses is vastly bigger and includes millions of startups serving billions that such people will miss completely maybe because they don't have a website or a ticker in NASDAQ.

Such a sad hustle world we live in that we forget your local falafel vendor is also a startup who probably will expand to multiple falafel carts over time.
But how is this a “landmark moment”?

We’ve had computer aided drug design for the past 4 decades.

Nothing wrong with sharing the research. But calling an AI generated set of antibodies a “landmark moment” when they don’t do what we want antibodies to do is a bit… inappropriate?
> The scarce water of Dune is an exact analog of oil scarcity. CHOAM is OPEC.

I didn't realize that was the official line. I always thought spice was supposed to be a metaphor for oil rather than water. Especially since spice was only found on a single desert planet but the heroes came from a world covered with water. If water was supposed to represent oil and the heroes had any sense of basic economics, they would have just shipped tonnes of water from their homeworld. Or have gotten water from stellar ice or hydrogen.

One of the positive pro-technologies messages from the Dune series is that the spice monopoly is broken once synthetic spice is created. I viewed this as an optimistic future where synthetic carbon-negative hydrocarbons (or solar, wind, fusion, etc) would replace our dependency on oil pulled from the ground.
The Dixie Showgirl (1953)
Some hate speech is illegal in the US, it depends on if it’s calling for specific and immediate action or not.
I also have a hard time imagining Lego didn't inspire Minecraft and similar games, at least a little. An even more sustainable resource.
Lol hell yeah brother my local coffee shop regulars are well known for being the dredges of society.
Would that not depend upon how the website works?

I'm fairly certain that any two people going to the same page at the same time on HN will see the same thing. What they see will mostly be determined by the age of a post/article along with up/down votes by end users. It would be difficult to argue that much is going on here beyond speech.

Yet a site like YouTube is different. It will display different content to different people based upon their history (and, likely, other factors). You don't even have to be logged into YouTube for this to happen. It is a lot more difficult to argue that this is a form of speech since the recommendations are most likely the product of some optimization algorithm. It certainly isn't the product of the direct input of other people.
GTC March 2024 Keynote with Nvidia CEO Jensen Huang [video]
There's a study that often gets shared around, purportedly "Debunking the Myth of the Young Entrepreneur", showing data that most successful startup founders start their companies in their mid-to-late 40s, including tech/social media companies.

It depends a lot on how you qualify and categorise founders, companies and "successful", but of course you can understand why it can be somewhat truthful: people in their 40s have had 2-3 decades to build up experience, networks and a track record, making it much easier to build a team and attract investors and initial customers. I'm sure almost all of these founders in their 40s have had at least some partial success in their past.

So it still affirms that it's best to start as young as possible, allowing time to experiment with ideas, markets, co-founders, etc. I've seen plenty of founders bounce from one-to-another-to-another startup from their 20s to their 40s, each one being vastly more successful than the last.

But as you point out there are still all kinds of opportunities to build new products to address needs that are overlooked by younger founders, so you should absolutely go for it if you're inspired.

I feel the same as you about being less interested in "unicorn"-scale success after 40; as you mature, have kids, experience illness in your family and become more observant of problems in different segments of society, you become much more focused on just providing well for your family and doing some good for the world than having to be some kind of all-conquering hero.

If you want to connect privately to talk more about what kind of company you want to build and how best to go about it, feel free to get in touch (email in bio).
For several years around 2010, I lived in the SF Bay Area for ~$1200/month. I had a (now long-lost) friend near Dolores Park, who maintained a rent-controlled 3 bedroom for $1200/month, which he then subletted the other two rooms.

Sometimes, I wonder if he's still there =P

So much happier to not be that impoverished, but I had a great time wheelin' & dealin' the /bayarea.
Haven't read this yet, but I did just read (and would certainly recommend) 'Building the Second Mind - 1956 and the Origins of Artificial Intelligence Computing'[1] by Rebecca Skinner of UC Berkeley.

[1] https://escholarship.org/uc/item/88q1j6z3
> The whole situation reminds me of the Steam uninstaller, where a single space had some remarkable results.

https://github.com/valvesoftware/steam-for-linux/issues/3671
Is This Desire?
Thanks, I got the book on Libby and I'm enjoying it so far :)
This is so peculiar. If the body plans to die then maybe you can interfere with it. eeveryone just assumes the body would live forever if it could but that would t agree with the value of sexual production.
> You might think you remember... when you were 18 months old, or that time you had chickenpox when you were 2—but you almost certainly don’t... People generally remember nothing from before age 3

I have distinct visual and auditory memories from when I was about 15 months old and going forward. I can still recall them in exact detail. These were not events anyone ever spoke of, to plant seeds as it were; it was many years later in my early teenage years when my parents were reminiscing about their first house in Texas that I recalled them to my parents and they were flabergasted. It had never occurred to me that not everyone (turns out most people, it seems) don't have memories going back that far.

Now, I don't think it makes me "special" — it's just something about how I remember things: very, very visually, kind of immersive "full screen" in my mind's eye.
And the comment I replied to came across as the typical “America bad” stereotype.

Yet it’s heavily upvoted?
Basically what you want to look at is "Modern monetary theory".
Why does anyone think this type of scientific inquiry should be pursued at all.
What happens if you code base begins to be split between classes and they refer to each other.

How do you tackle the issue where you might needlessly copy file over and over again to provide Mixtral context
There are a million metrics that can be used for fingerprinting, the notion of avoiding language detection because fingerprinting seems a bit weak - it’s pretty hard to fingerprint me if I’m not willing to fumble your site to configure my language, and I assume for non English speakers hard locking browser resolution to 1920x1080 to prevent resolution fingerprinting would presumably be a more usable limitation.

Edit: and ‘a user might not be the owner of the computer and therefore the accept language might be wrong‘ sounds like a UI problem that a ‘file -> set language’ workflow would solve.
Our company, biotech, doesn't want arbitrary extensions grabbing email out of our servers. BCC the CRM is the only way.

Big companies have different departments. You could have a deal with department X at TargetCo and department Y. Generally those are different people (and emails) at each of those departments. So you associate email to the deal based on what email it's copied to.

Just use emails to link to deals. Forget about company.

Company association is useful. But it needs to be a historical association. Example Jonny works at MSFT now. But used to work at FB. Jonny could help you win a deal with FB even if he doesn't work there now.
This is a myth oft-repeated on HN. US freight rail does cheaply transport a lot of tonnage, but it is a shadow of its former self, after a half-century of digesting the investments of the past. It's squeezed out efficiency by running longer and slower trains (that exceed the length of the rail sidings!) transporting bulk goods on predictable schedules between fixed points (like grain and coal), while slashing routes and reducing maintenance. It ships a lot of freight, but it does not do so effectively, quickly, nor safely, or flexibly.
Kilim was the first for Java iirc.

Interesting point regarding scheduler and the interruptibility of FFI calls. Just thinking about it I don't see how this can be addressed. So definitely interested in learning here: what is the remedy to your criticism here beyond "document behavior"?
5 years ago I did a similar analysis of price per part because I remember there being a big controversy around the price of the new Star Destroyer set. I analyzed price per piece but also price per gram, estimated in a few different ways. I was surprised to see that price per gram was stable through the 2010s on an inflation-adjusted basis and that it went down fairly significantly over the 1990s.

I did this before I learned how to finish projects, so it's been sitting in a private repo the whole time :)

I just made the repo public. Perhaps the author or someone else can make use of it: https://github.com/iechevarria/lego-price-analysis/

The plots and code are in this file: https://github.com/iechevarria/lego-price-analysis/blob/mast...
crispr also makes mistakes. The kind that lead to cancer, disability and death. It’s not a magic wand. Being able to do something in cell culture is interesting but very far away from a therapy.
There was another comment about how the $100M is for the rocket and not the satellites, but I'm here to point out that Aerojet Rocketdyne is charging something like $100M to refurbish existing RS-25 engines from the Shuttle era for Artemis, per engine. In case it's not clear, that's not $100M to build the engine, it's already built and tested, it's $100M to "refurbish."
YMMV

The happiest entrepreneurs I know got advanced degrees, had a solid career, developed plenty of contacts, then launched something in their 30s or 40s with substantially less risk than taking a punt on knowing what problems were worth solving while at University, or taking a punt on finding the right person to start a company with while at University, or taking a punt on having the wide range of skills required to actually make a company work without ever having any work experience.

This is the sort of hype that drew me in when I was younger and I think it's damaging. The real way to start Google is to be smart, hard working and incredibly lucky. IMHO the best way to start a company is to be smart, hard working and patient.
Being really rich is awesome. There's never a downside to having more money. That's the whole point of money: the more the better.
Show HN: Emoji Mix Generator by AI
Select any two emojis, and AI will generate a new emoji for you. Inspired by Emoji Kitchen and the emoji open-source model contributed by @fofr on Replicate.
Welcome aboard! Looking forward to any feedback you might have.