skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
It is in fact quite reasonable if you know a bit of C obfuscation and some expectation about 8086 interpreters. First, indentations:

--64[
T=1[
O=32[
L=(X=*Y&7)&1,
o=X/2&1,
l
]=0,
t=(c=y)&7,
a=c/8&7,
Y
]>>6,
g=~-T?y:(n)y,
d=BX=y,
l
]

`a, b` will return `b` but evaluate `a` as a side effect, so anything preceding `,` can be (recursively) pulled out.

L=(X=*Y&7)&1,
o=X/2&1,
O=32[l]=0,
t=(c=y)&7,
a=c/8&7,
T=1[Y]>>6,
g=~-T?y:(n)y,
d=BX=y,
--64[l]

`a[b]` is semantically equivalent to `*(a + b)`, so it is unexpectedly commutative. Let's swap them all and add some spacing. Ah, also some assignment expressions have been reused as a part of other expressions, which I will also pull out:

X = *Y & 7,
L = X & 1,
o = X / 2 & 1,
O = l[32] = 0,
c = y,
t = c & 7,
a = c / 8 & 7,
T = Y[1] >> 6,
g = ~-T ? y : (n) y,
d = BX = y,
--l[64]

Now it should be much more clear that a large chunk of this code is instruction decoding. At this point we need to expand macros to make more sense out of it:

#define Z short
#define a(_)*(_*)&
#define y a(Z)Y[++O]
#define n char

It would need more reading to determine the exact meaning of `Y`, but given that its type is `unsigned char*`, it should be some sort of pointer, most likely the instruction pointer. The macro `y`, which expands to `*(short*)&Y[++O]`, increases `O` so it looks like reading from IP+0, IP+1, ... while not actually advancing the IP.

So the mysterious code can be now mostly decoded:

X = *Y & 7, // [IP+0] = ?????XXX
L = X & 1, // = ???????L
o = X / 2 & 1, // = ??????o?
O = l[32] = 0, // Reset `O` for further uses of `y`

c = y, // [IP+1] = yyyyyyyy
t = c & 7, // = ?????ttt
a = c / 8 & 7, // = ??aaa???
T = Y[1] >> 6, // = TT??????
g = ~-T ? y : (char) y, // Read [IP+2] and do something

d = BX = Y[++O], // [IP+3] = dddddddd
--l[64]

[IP+1] surely looks like the ModR/M byte, so you can guess that `g` is a displacement even if you don't know what the heck is `~-T` (equals to `T - 1` in twos' complement). [IP+0] is too generic to pick the exact instruction, but my guess is that this code is shared for a lot of similar opcodes to save the code footprint.
Please watch "The Undeclared War", on UK-Russia Cyberwar [fictional TV series] so the 2nd season gets produced.
The take away for me was that policy needs to change. Massachusetts prevents hard sea walls. Long term that seems like the only solution. Or people move away from living directly next to the ocean given that it is going to be a constant money sink for society so a small % of the population can enjoy a view and lifestyle unavailable to the people paying for it (presuming the state assists them in dumping more sand, or eventually constructing a sea wall).
Interestingly enough, in German and Polish the analogous expression is in fact "how does X look like?" So maybe it's an interference from those two languages? Or maybe it's even a relict of the older English expression, displaced in England by "what does X look like" after the Am/Br language split had happened.
I wonder what the logic is behind the hard structure ban. Is it only aesthetics, or is there some ecological reason?
Thank you for your work on SQLite and Fossil !! They are amazing.

Any chance of WAL2 being included as a standard journal_mode option in the near future? ..or BEGIN CONCURRENT ? :)
Was that before or after getting into philanthropy foundations? :-)
How does this sync the other way? If you delete or complete a reminder or change the description do you get duplicates or do your changes get clobbered? What about conflicts? Does it matter if you make the changes in obsidian or reminders?

I guess I'm asking how fragile this is in practice.
more likely all the interns that were left in charge DID properly do what the AI had said...
I am not sure which program you are referring to, but I know of "EXIST," which is essentially funding for a team of four graduates, one of which has to be business-focused. The explicit goal is to use that time to write a business plan and find investors. That, at least, is a good program, in my opinion.
Alphacodium: State of the art code generation for code contests
the distinction between pandemic and endemic is political and typically related to “we don’t care to contain it”. It’s not related to immunity levels. The interesting thing is that it used to be citizens of poorer countries who would be fodder, now it’s also the richer ones which I think says something about the state of those countries and progress in general
No, kvass and other 'fizzy drinks' are not kombucha

They get their fermentation from the air, ferment much lower, and do not rely on the skoby to keep it all working. On some level there is similarities, but its not the same
Things which make sense to me:

1. Deregulate / reregulate to where residents are allowed to build a seawall instead of sacrificial dunes.

2. Bring in the Army Corp of Engineers to help with design, planning, and evaluation.

Things which don't make sense to me:

1. Blocking people from doing the work.

2. Funding the actual construction with state or federal dollars.

This is not an isolated problem. The Army Corp of Engineers should have the knowledge, skills, and abilities to plan this well. Assisting in projects like this is how you develop that skill set.
Microsoft commits to two more non-subscription Office editions
This money could be better spent in an ecosystem of fresh new players. Intel had many chances and they keep falling behind.
> Probably a vulnerability issue.

No? It’s a semantics decision.
Welcome to the eastern seaboard. Where I grew up, they use jettys--actually groins--to try and stop the sand from naturally migrating south so the army corps of engineering has to come out every few years and dredge.
Difficulty is of course subjective; I have 10+ years of functional programming experience but was completely new to Swift; the core functionality took less than a week of 4ish hours a day. Apple's EventKit API is very developer friendly and Markdown is a well known format so that made things easier. I'm not a frontend / UI tradie so spent another few days learning SwiftUI & making things look quality (and TBH I think that quality is not where I want it to be). So to answer your question... not really?
Not good at all, but a little better than expected. I use + in email addresses prominently and there are so many websites who don't even allow that...
> The best advice I been given: “when your problems seem overwhelming, get busy solving other people’s problems. …”

As someone in the midst of trying this I can tell you personally it’s not all it’s cracked up to be. I think I’m starting to realize that this person is beyond my capability to help and all the time I’ve wasted helping them could have been spent improving my own situation
>Sounds gross but actually many cultures still have fermented meat products

Aged steak - a famous Western delicacy - is partially rotten meat.
Work is getting outsourced to India. Most CS grads don’t know how a computer works. People get hired for reasons other than merit. And ChatGPT…
Most plausible explanation of all
An exercise for the esoteric programmer would be to make a sheet that turns Excel into an actual build system that can drive the build of a typical C program.
It'd be nice to hear what sober expectations were for the $500k dune. I'd guess the experts knew that one modest storm would remove it.

> Republican state senator Bruce Tarr was working to secure $1.5m in state funding to replenish the sand.

...so if $500k of sand was washed away in 3 days, how long will $1.5m worth of sand last?

> Tarr, noting that a more permanent seawall was not an option because hard structures like these are not allowed on Massachusetts beaches, said: “We’re managing a natural resource that protects a lot of interests.”

Interesting. Is Tarr a pro-regulation / pro-environmental-protection Republican?

And what would be the prospects for a hard structure, anyway? My impression is that hard reality for many parts of the U.S. Atlantic coastline is "With unlimited money, you can somewhat delay the inevitable".
Would love to see you add support for Logseq!
Meta previews 'Fediverse sharing' for Threads
> It is start and end of line.

You seem to have redefined “line” as “not a line”.

> The confusion

I’m sure redefining “line” as “nothing like what anyone reasonable would interpret as a line” will help a lot and right clear up the confusion.
Firefox 124 improved on Android and Macs plus adds keyboard navigation of PDFs
Google fined €250M in France for breaching intellectual property deal
I've used and read about many concentration inequalities in machine learning and other applied math disciplines (Hoeffdings, McDiarmid, etc).

Talagrands' results seem to generalize those, but I haven't had the chance to see them in the wild (yet).
"after securing $19.5 billion in federal grants and loans - and it hopes to secure another $25 billion in tax breaks."

But besides all that... it's an investment spree, not a spending spree. They expect to make much more money off the back of those investments.
I run my own CardSAV/CalDAV server but as long as you have a DAV server (Fastmail gives one for eg), Reminders will happily sync against it.

I use it to sync my reminders/contacts/calendars across Thunderbird/Linux and iOS.

I can edit/update/delete items programmatically with ease without any Apple secret sauce.
hard structures increase erosion around it. maybe its something to do with that.
I didn't mean it literally. a "line in the sand" is an idiom.
"sea levels rise due to thermal expansion" ... It is a contributor but not the leading cause.

From here[1] (which I was able to find in 1 min)

"Both the International Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) and the US National Climate Assessment conclude that ice loss was the largest contributor to sea-level rise during the past few decades, and will contribute to rising sea levels for the century to come."

[1]https://sealevel.nasa.gov/understanding-sea-level/overview/
How many homes are we talking about here? Would it make more long term sense just to abandon them?
There's a difference between "Do you believe in [some sort or form of] God?" and "Do you regularly spend a significant part of your day doing what your God expects from you?"

To put that into perspective, imagine a Christian country with 40% of non-believers and 60% of monks (with the monks consistently reporting high levels of happiness). That would strongly remind of Israel. (To be clear, both Jewish and Muslim population is included in the latter.)
> Because even after disabling multi-line you are still dealing with line-based semantics when you use ^ or $

No, you're not, except for this weird corner case where `$` can match before the last `\n` in a string. It's not just any `\n` that non-multiline `$` can match before. It's when it's the last `\n` in the string. See:

>>> re.search('cat$', 'cat\n')
<re.Match object; span=(0, 3), match='cat'>
>>> re.search('cat$', 'cat\n\n')
>>>

This is weird behavior. I assume this is why RE2 didn't copy this. And it's certainly why I followed RE2 with Rust's regex crate. Non-multiline `$` should only match at the end of the string. It should not be line-aware. In regex engines like Python where it has the behavior above, it is only "partially" line-aware, and only in the sense that it treats the last `\n` as special.
fermented foods/beverages are more acidic and therefore should aid with digestion. In ancient Mesopotamia they drank beer with most meals, what if that wasnt only because it was safer than water, but also aided you to digest the foods you did eat, faster?
The market will take care of it and sweep those houses out to sea.
As I said, I get that. What I don't get is people paying for a shitty shady streaming service that's broken and insignificantly cheaper than e.g. Netflix.
anyone else find this style
of writing hard to follow?
Yeah, it's vital to be careful with these vitamins
Thanks -- that's my story.
They could definitely all be unconnected. It’s not that suspicious. I guess we’ll find out if they ever publish post mortems.
In Japan, you’d very likely get tetrapods.

It’s either aesthetic reasons or maybe they think they’re unnatural and can have consequences for other shorelines.

I wonder if compacted sand that’s pretty hard would work any better?

In a way, they got their money’s worth. Without that sand it’s likely some of those structures would have been damaged.
Remember to first punycode the domain part of an email address before trying to validate it, or it will not work with internationalized domain names.
> Bluetooth transceiver

> if you blast in/out the right 5GHz binary digital signal

These two things are not related.
It’s not outside the realms of possibility that the invention of fermented meats (which includes salami and other similar sausages) arose when humans decided to eat the intestines of hunted beasts, possibly well after they ate the more desirable portions.
I haven't had great luck with shortcut reminders. I always feel like there are cases it didn't trigger, then I don't trust it.
Yeah, having a non-proprietary data format is a huge plus. I wish the Obsidian code itself was open source.
I don't think ski instructors are safe from AI over the next ten years. It already seems quite feasable on indoor skiing treadmills (which are getting pretty popular for lessons), and would be enabled on actual slopes with some heads-up display and body sensors/cameras.
I really despise the EPA. They have moved beyond their original charter of protecting the environment to protecting the property of some rich people at the expense of others--including poor people. I bet there's places in Massachussets that has similar properties but are the 'right kind' of rich people so they get variances. And by right kind, I mean people who have generational wealth and not just wealth that was earned by years of hard work like most shore town home owners.
> and they are always far too slow to use in anything but toy projects

Or, not every project need the absolute best performance, sometimes good enough is simply good enough?
You're asking the wrong question. There is no baseline, no natural temperature. The "baseline" temperature has and will change over millions of years.

The right question is about the rate of change. If the temperature changes slowly, ecosystems adapt and migrate. If it changes quickly, they cannot.

Changing a degree or two over ~10,000 years appears to have happened relatively often. This causes some species loss, but in general the ecosystem thrives.

Changing a few degrees over hundreds of years is a leading theory of the cause of the Permian-Triassic extinction event, the largest extinction event since the oxygenation of the atmosphere.

Changing a few degrees over decades? We're going to find out.
Or eminent domain the properties nearby and make people move to someplace where they won't be washed out to sea like that sand was. Unlike the perpetual sand bill, it's a one-time cost for ME.
That sound like a fun project to try out. I may try that out. Thanks.
Salami, chorizo, pepperoni.. are all fermented meats
Regarding the second code snippet - I've never seen this language feature before. Obviously there are things sometimes called generators implemented as structures, where 'step' or 'next' is just a normal method, but is there a real world example of what is shown?
Which will be even more of an environmental tragedy than just letting them have a hard seawall.
The problem is that seawalls are very expensive and make the problem worse for your neighbors. If you build a sea wall, you break the natural process which replenishes sand on the adjacent beaches and they’ll shrink and disappear.

https://www.wbur.org/onpoint/2023/09/26/lessons-from-califor...

The real solution is to accept that anyone who bought in the last half century should have factored in the scientific evidence of climate change and not expect taxpayers to subsidize their failure to plan appropriately.

At this point, the window for easily dealing with the problem is long closed and we should be prepared to write off high-risk areas: give the current residents support for moving somewhere safe and turn the land into a preserve where we can let the local ecosystem recover. A lot of beaches around the world have involved clearing things like mangroves which improve storm resilience, too, so restoration would help everyone further from the shore.
Seems to me Rust + WASM is just a recreation of the Java Applet outside of Oracles control.

I guess they forgot Java is Open-Source and anyone can make a Applet plugin if they wish.

The main reason that is not happening is that the browser is dead.
How many dolos would 500k buy?

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dolos
CloudCarbonFootprint: Estimate energy use and carbon emissions from cloud usage
Saudi Arabia reportedly in talks with VCs to create mammoth $40B AI fund
- The satellite will accomplish this [precision] by having the usual main Earth-measuring techniques co-located on board [satelite navigation, interferometry, laser ..] When used together, the ESA expects to be able to correct for biases inherent in each technique.

- An updated International Terrestrial Reference Frame (ITRF) will have immediate benefits on satellite-based systems, impacting Galileo-enabled applications in fields like aviation, traffic management, autonomous vehicles, positioning and navigation

- The space agency added that meteorology, natural hazard prediction, monitoring climate change effects, land management and surveying – as well as the study of gravitational and non-gravitational forces as fields – would also see benefits.

- ...
Boeing for chips
So the idea is that a massive increase in productivity will reduce economic production?

Or is the idea that we will continue to organize our society around the ever more pointless concentration of wealth?
Well, it's about the order. In vanilla Minecraft client you see height as the second coordinate out of the three.
Huh, I'm not a native English speaker, but I changed it to "what does a Tree-sitter grammar look like". It does sound better.
According to this page[0], this is a project by Pieter Levels, which I immediately assumed because of the design.

That said, I don't think this project is updated very much, or has _any_ value because it doesn't disclose how the data is acquired, and how the rankings are distributed.

Additionally, there is no separate page for the airlines themselves, and instead they are direct links to the airline website.

In this context, the page might be useful for novelty purposes to learn about different airline names, but nothing more.

[0]: https://levels.io/projects/
> Interesting. Is Tarr a pro-regulation / pro-environmental-protection Republican?

It's not particularly surprising, I don't think?
According to that definition, if your specific time constraints are "between 10ms and 1000ms", wouldn't HTTP be sufficient?

Seems like your argument for if this is "realtime" or not depends on parameters not specific by either you or the project.
Maybe the dog[0] failed?

[0] https://quoteinvestigator.com/2022/01/30/future-factory/
I try to follow that lifestyle and push my mom and dad to it, they both workout and exercise. I don't think they work their brain that much though. I've been pushing them to take a course or something like that.
...and if you can understand them then you clearly understand regex enough not to need ChatGPT to write them
Quantifying Contamination in Code Generation Capabilities of Language Models
Only 3 comments into a story about a UK problem and here's a comment blaming it on foreigners. Incredible.
Show HN: LLaMA Nuts and Bolts, A holistic way of understanding how LLMs run
Hi HN!

I’m so excited to show my latest open-source project here.

I know it’s in a very niche technical domain, but hope you will like my project. Because using Go on Machine Learning and Large Language Models is an interesting experience for me. Please check it out and I’d love to read your thoughts!

A holistic way of understanding how LLaMA and its components run in practice, with code and detailed documentation. "The nuts and bolts" (practical side instead of theoretical facts, pure implementation details) of required components, infrastructure, and mathematical operations without using external dependencies or libraries.

The goal is to make an experimental project that can perform inference on the LLaMa 2 7B-chat model completely outside of the Python ecosystem (using the Go language). Throughout this journey, the aim is to acquire knowledge and shed light on the abstracted internal layers of this technology.

This journey is an intentional journey of literally reinventing the wheel. While reading my journey in the documentation, you will see the details of how Large Language Models work, through the example of the LLaMa model.

If you are curious like me about how the LLMs (Large Language Models) and transformers work and have delved into conceptual explanations and schematic drawings in the sources but hunger for deeper understanding, then this project is perfect for you too!

You will not only find the details of the LLaMa architecture but will find explanations of a wide variety of related concepts in the documentation directory. From reading a Pickle, a PyTorch model, a Protobuf, and a SentencePiece tokenizer model files at byte-by-byte level, to internals of BFloat16 data type, implementation from scratch of a Tensor structure and mathematical operations including linear algebraic computations.

This project was initially started to learn what an LLM does behind by running and debugging it and was made for experimental and educational purposes only, not for production use.

I will be happy if you check out it and comments are welcome!

https://github.com/adalkiran/llama-nuts-and-bolts
There's no point being made about what is a "good thing" or a "bad thing", since that depends on the values of the people making the judgment. The point being made here is that having a lot of (religious, family, community) obligations fills one's life with a certain sense of worth, importance, meaning, and fulfillment — and makes them self-report as being happy, when asked by researchers. No judgments about what's good or bad.
Wish I was able to covert some files to "a forgotten file format"
Changing the erosion pattern in one place. What if the change causes higher levels of erosion in a natural reserve or less affluent area?
If you have a counter claim, especially one you can back up with as much facts as I did, please do so. Otherwise, please either stop straw manning or find some other place to do so.
Show HN: Allowing threads on GitHub PR Issue comments
A GitHub Action + GitHub App that transforms PR issue comments into file comments, allowing threads and the resolve conversation button. Also adding the option of creating PR Slack channels fully synced with PRs.

-> Feel free to try it out on this demo PR: https://github.com/pullpo-io/cli/pull/7
> a computer system generally as smart and capable as a median human

This implies:

1. a median human is somehow smart
2. a system that behaves like a human is desirable

For (1), I think it's highly debatable regarding the amount of dumb errors/mistakes I (and the average developer/sys admin) make daily, heck even hourly/minutely. Yesterday, I did commit a format string instead of a formatted string (aka: `"{foo}bar"` vs `f"{foo}bar"` in Python. That's not really smart.

For (2), do we want an autonomous system to mimic the weakest link in the security chain of an IT system? aka: the human. Do we want AIs that put passwords next to the computer screen? Or use `password123` because it's easier to remember?

My point is, we don't want AGI as smart as us, we want AGI smarter than us, and far more efficient that us. I don't want an AGI that forget the `f` in my example earlier.
Entire island states like Tuvalu face a similar fate and they have nowhere else to go... I know it's unrelated to this particular situation but the sea is the sea and doesn't care much about a costly sandy bump. Yes, the Netherlands managed to pull some tricks but the site is different and they used hard structures anyway.