skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Cryptography also has answers for some of this sort of thing. For example, you could use STARKs (Succinct Transparent Arguments of Knowledge) to create a proof that there exists a raw image I, and a signature S_I of I corresponding to the public key K (public input), and that H_O (public input) is a hash of an image O, and that O is the output of providing a specified transformation (cropping, JPEG compression) to I.

Then you give me O, I already know K (you tell me which manufacturer key to use, and I decide if I trust it), and the STARK proof. I validate the proof (including the public inputs K and H_O, which I recalculate from O myself), and if it validates I know that you have access to a signed image I that O is derived from in a well-defined way. You never have to disclose I to me. And with the advent of zkVMs, it isn't even necessarily that hard to do as long as you can tolerate the overhead of running the compression / cropping algorithm on a zkVM instead of real hardware, and don't mind the proof size (which is probably in the tens of megabytes at least).
Sure, it's just coffee, pens, paper, and 50,000,000,000€ particle accelerators! :)
It depends. Brake fluid absorbs moisture, which lowers its boiling point. You don't want it boiling from brake heat when you're really trying to stop. If you live somewhere humid then the whole reservoir can slowly absorb too much moisture and make the fluid unsafe.
That's like asking a startup founder "If you are so good at business, why are you earning less than me as an employee?".

The path to complex, high value outcomes is different than the path to simple, low value outcomes.
If you acquire the company, you assume it's debt, too. So that's a liability you assume, meaning you have to pay that on top of paying for the market cap of the company. You also get the cash, which is a reward for buying the company. So to buy the company and pay off all the debts.

Example:

- Company Stock is worth market cap of 2 billion.

- Company has 2 billion in debt.

- Company has 1 billion in cash.

2B (acquiring all the stock) + 2B (paying off all the debt) - 1B (cash in the bank) = 3B (enterprise value, aka the effective price to buy the company w/ no debt).

Some people call the enterprise value the true price of the company.
Yes. The gel aids the sound transmission so that it doesn’t have to travel through air and is designed to have the same impedance as skin.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8774352

https://www.animalultrasoundassociation.org/what-is-ultrasou...

Secondary effect is that it lubricates the probe when you move it on the skin.

And then it also gives you a good chill which is to notify your organs that they are about to be photographed.
> He’s made a career out of taking big risks with other people’s money

Quite a big statement about somebody that spent all his personal wealth to invest in Tesla and create SpaceX. Both companies in industries known to be startup unfriendly and places where he couldn't get much outside investment.

And before that, his first small startup, he reinvested that money into his second startup that then gave him the money to invest in Tesla/SpaceX.

By the time these companies got lots of outside investment they had proven their basic ability to operate. In case of SpaceX the flew Falcon 1 and had a contract for ISS resupply. In case of Tesla they had the Roadster working and had solid plans for Tesla Model S. And I think the investors in both companies were happy. Isn't this the whole point of startups?

You act like its easy to 'just get other peoples money and take big risks', and if that's all he did then maybe you would have an argument. But the whole point of why he is famous is that those investments turned into to major US companies.

> saved by absurd fed policies while also milking the government for every last nickel he can squeeze out of it

That's just factually incorrect.

In case of SpaceX they go ISS resupply contract, something that most people do not think is stupid. And they got it because they proved to be decent engineers and offered it at a low price, and the were successful. It was objectively one of the best contract NASA ever signed and you will find anybody on NASA who disagrees. Since then they have received many government contracts in addition to many private ones, non of those are stupid. Of all space companies in US history, SpaceX depends the least on the US government.

The first big federal help Tesla got was the investment in Model S production. All US automakers got money for 'next generation vehicle', Ford got way more then Tesla. GM was fully bailed out by the government at that time. And just FYI, when I last checked Ford had not paid back that money to the government. Tesla on the other hand paid that money back with interest ahead of schedule.

Beyond that the Fed did a bunch of stuff to encourage EV. Those policies helped all automakers, and often even foreign ones. One can argue that this actually hurts Tesla because it resulted in other automakers investing in EV not leaving the market open for Tesla to capture for longer.

Tesla received tax cuts and so on, but there Tesla is no different then any other company that does large manufacturing investments.

Encouraging EV is also not stupid. One can argue if its the best transportation policy (I don't think it is) but it isn't exactly stupid either.

And then who are you comparing them to? Against some idea perfect libertarian dream cooperation? If you compare them with actual real competitors, then making the argument that his companies are some government depended bloodsucker just doesn't hold up in the slightest.
Yep, the CLA only applies if you want to merge your changes into the project.
What I am saying that it is agreed that ultrasound does have an impact.

The failure in the provision of evidence, is with those that claim it is safe. Its not for me to prove it is harmful.

Ask yourself, how can a treatment that breaks kidney stones or burn tumours also be 'safe'? It may be that the impact is negligible, but that is not safe. In the womb especially, a slight impact may have a large effect on a growing foetus.

Ask yourself too, what level of radiation is safe? How much microwaving? Is any?

So am I fearmongering, or is this a valid concern? I think it is clearly a valid concern. I do not simply accept medical consensus over the reasoning of my own mind.

I can see use cases where the information that is provided by ultrasound is useful and outweighs the risk. I think that casual, repeated usage of ultrasound for pregnant women, for the 'gender reveal'/colour scans or whatever, with powerful machines, is ill advised though. I don't recommend anyone undertake any unnecessary medical procedures.

I also think that an adult that has awareness of the scope of a potential impact, can do what they want - its their choice to do as they want. I object to inflicting avoidable harm (albeit the harm might not be obvious) to individuals that cannot consent - eg infants, foetuses.

FWIW, I do have kids, and - to my regret - I did scan them before they were born. I wouldn't do it now, knowing what I do.
It's weird since DNS is one of the most rock solid systems we have, with redundancy at every level.

1. Clients query a list of servers (IPs) and handle failover when you don't quickly get a reply.

2. Most of those servers at the root and TLD level are actually anycasted from multiple locations globally, so you connect to the closest instance.

3. Those instances are often clusters of physical servers. The big ones have fully redundant networking, so any router or switch failing doesn't take it down. Some run different DNS server software on each physical server, so even software bugs won't take down the whole system.
But also "unintentional fall" from roofs is the reason that solar power has more deaths per energy produced than nuclear power.
Almost half the world is living with some neurological illness
This is a very bad term.

When I think about value and price, price is what I pay, value is what I get.

Enterprise value is not what you get - it's what you pay...
IMHO there's reason to believe that was what was discussed here plays a role in that decision: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=39592689 - namely NVidia trying to forbid such APIs.
> That seems unrelated to whether people need to be perfect to avoid security exposures. In fact, it would seem to be in contradiction.

It seems to me to be directly related when modern languages make certain types of mistake impossible, imperfect though the creators of those languages are.

> That's an entirely different argument, and depends on the semantics of "unsafe" and "foot guns".

No. It is literally the same argument. People are imperfect, and will make mistakes (that are possible to make.) In the case of C++, we have decades of evidence that people will make memory-safety mistakes over and over and over again.
The progress. Tesla's FSD, which is very publicly documented, is steadily getting better. There is no sign that the effect of throwing more compute and data at it will slow down.
Yes, I was confused about the same, maybe the terminology the author uses it's correct, but it looks more like an equation of enterprise price.
> But, how is that "better", if you want to invest in a company?

This is exactly out of the scope of the article. So if the question is what you should invest in this is probably not a good metric.

The question the article answers is how to most efficiently finance your own company. It would seem like Tesla has financed selling its own stock, indicating that they think they are overvalued, where Toyota has financed selling their own bonds, indicating that they think they are undervalued.

If you trust their own assessments and want a good deal, then you should probably invest in Toyota over Tesla.
Creating a GUI Application in Haskell
it is faster in just about every way. less memory, even the cpu instructions (which are usually not the problem) are faster. there's something fucky going on with code gen here. or it could also simply be the measurement procedure that is doing something weird like working with not properly cold or equally warmed up data or instruction caches.
Ask HN: What are the biggest challenges with RLHF for LLM training?
That’s a hilariously ignorant statement. Please do show me anything remotely similar to this from a traditional manufacturer:

https://twitter.com/TeslaPodcast/status/1769500530739421414

Hint: yea the headlines you saw were misleading
Replace value with price and will make sense.

enterprise price = market cap + borrowings - cash equivalents
Big list of file formats used in ML
Show HN: RubyPilot – Ruby/Rails resources aggregator
Only if you have multiple images of the same areas so that you can extract actual position. And there is no guarantee that multiple pictures of the same model have the same detail, much less in a manner that can be triangulated with accuracy. A lot of the photogrammetry algorithms discard points that don't match certain error-bars.

So yes, there might be a wooden frame in the middle of that window, but does it match the math on both angles of it? Doubt it.
This is (one reason why) I love k8s with cilium. I can set up a service to always go to the local service (or any other routing topology). It is great for any kind of dns or application cache.
> They are still types of businesses gravely affected by high property taxes and land value taxes

Don't conflate two very different things. A business is affected by land value taxes to the extent that it uses expensive land (that's the point). A business that takes up zero land, such as one that can be run from the same building you live in, ipso facto pays zero land value tax.
The Drama Kings of Tech
Where did I say that is the current state of its capabilities? My argument was about the future and the perspective on its skills.
> here is no demand for (paid) background removal anymore as every iPhone can do it nowadays.

Proper background removal of even remotely complex content is still in demand, especially on a large scale. I doubt you'd use an iPhone to work on >100 of images per second.
Injection4j: Reflectionless dependency injection / CDI for Java
Debt can be good when used as leverage.

As I understand it, the majority of debt of car companies is used to provide leases.

So e.g. GM borrows money at X% interest rate and gives credit to customers at X+Y%.

Y% is their profit. So the bigger the debt, the more additional profit they make.

This is also a ticking bomb because leverage generates more profit when times are good but increase losses when times are bad.

That Y% finances the risk that a customer will stop paying.

It also comes from GM being able to re-sell the car after the lease for more that it's worth ($PriceOfCar - $TotalLeasePayments).

When bad times come, like in 2008, those companies are hit with double whammy: people have less money, so more people abandon the lease. And also buy less cars so car prices drop so re-sell value drops.

So suddenly GM has losses and cannot afford the debt payments and that's how they go bankrupt.
Orleans will love being bundled with this
We rented one from here - https://www.hollandbikes.com/117-velo-transport

One challenge with cargo bikes is transport - They're not allowed on trains (understandably) and carrying one on a car roof is a pretty big undertaking. This guy documented how, though! https://docs.google.com/document/d/1UBGT_eE4q0dJZWZrOoBdM80b...
For me, the following works: day by day I was adjusting the nap length until I found a sweet spot. If the time is too short (30m), then I get woken up exactly when I'm falling asleep and that feels horrible. If the time is too long (60m), then I can't really wake up as I'm already in deep sleep. But, somewhere between those two there is a number which works really well. You just have to find yours.
“Our” may be the key word here. In other words, it may be political; they wanted the freedom to make changes to their original project without having to deal with PRs to the current maintainers.
Real World Problems vs. Futuristic Prophesying
It is kind of funny to think of things in that context, because it's absolutely true. This planet will eventually face another mass extinction event, like the countless to have come prior - and we're well overdue. We may yet escape that, yet eventually most of this entire solar system will be overcome by the sun as it cools and expands outward. And we may yet escape that. But then there's undoubtedly yet new discoveries we'll make to show how galaxies also eventually die. And then of course there's the issue of finally dealing with the universe itself. Though by that point, if history is any guide, we'll have long since discovered that even the universe itself is far from the final act in this peculiar game.
eric weinstein said that edward witten is the dark lord of string theory choking off any progress in theoretical physics.
"The study's limitations included its reliance on self-reported dietary information, which may be affected by participant's memory or recall and may not accurately assess typical eating patterns. Factors that may also play a role in health, outside of the daily duration of eating and cause of death, were not included in the analysis."

And this is the lesson today, always look for the details of those "studies", the average IQ of the graduate student today is about the same as the general population, everybody wants to publish, and so, most of what pass as science today is anything but it.

Frankly, this shouldn't even be here.
I agree that they are serious about privacy, though I'm not sure it means the same thing to them that it does to me. To me. Privacy includes not collecting data that isn't strictly needed to provide the feature. At their scale, perhaps they could reasonably argue that they need all the data about you in order to provide their service, so my standards don't necessarily indict them as reckless with data, but I do worry that the features they want to provide are increasingly including features that I don't necessarily want, but they still collect the data. In preparation for machine learning, I suspect they have justified storing enormous amounts of data from device usage that will help them. As a software engineer, I totally appreciate the importance of data for making decisions, but once you get in the mode of collecting analytics and usage data, you cross somewhat of a line of privacy. Companies like apple justify this by saying that Apple doesn't sell or release any of the data, it's purely used internally, and this is clearly 100 times better than the sellers of data, but it is still collecting invasive data in the first place.

I think ultimately the real Revelation will come when they either don't begin serious advertising, or they do.
> AMD would explain that ROCM is an abbreviation of the ROCm Software platform or something unspeakably stupid. And that your graphics card wasn't supported.

If even that. A few years ago they managed to break basic machine learning code on the few commonly-used consumer GPUs that were officially supported at the time, and it was only after several months of more or less radio silence on the bug report and several releases that they declared those GPUs were no longer officially supported and they'd be closing the bug report: https://github.com/ROCm/ROCm/issues/1265
If you're fast, you can sometimes even bypass some paywalled articles in reader mode, as some website pre-load their articles before they load a login/paywall screen on top of it.
I've thought about this a lot over the last 7 years. It's human nature to ignore or downplay inconvenient truths that are obstacles to getting what you want, or even to distort the truth for the same reasons. We all employ 'the ends justify the means' thinking to some extent, we make compromises including moral ones towards important goals. The stakes and pressures of politics bring these tendencies to the boil. I'm not excusing such behaviour, but just trying to understand it.

Nevertheless most people know what they are doing, and they know that such tactics are wrong and carry a cost. They still need to justify it to themselves,
still have limits they would not cross, and can still be genuinely contrite when they go too far.

The problem with post-truth politics is there is a class of politicians that don't care about the truth at all. They may not even believe there is a truth, and employ desensitising their followers to the existence of truth at all as a policy. They will demand their followers profess things they know for sure to be completely false, starting with relatively minor ones and working up to big ones, as a training tool and loyalty test to 'free' them from the constraint of truth. This is not at all a new tactic, it's what Orwell was warning about in 1984. If truth, or even reality are obstacles to your goals, they are the enemy.

One example - nationalists cannot accept climate change. You'd think there's be no reason why not, climate change affects them as much as anyone else and it harms the national interest. The issue is that if human generated climate change is a real problem, it cannot be tackled at the national level. It would require co-ordinated action internationally. That sort of co-ordination is anathema to nativist politics, so nationalists have to refute climate change as a globalist conspiracy. Reality is an obstacle to their goals, so reality must be fought or refuted. We see similar forces acting in the other direction though as well with internationalists. Everything has to be solved internationally.
Also some apps ignore simple refresh and only react to hard refresh (ctrl-f5 and alikes). Refresh is as unreliable as other methods from user pov.
That is not correct IMO. When a faculty is hired specifically in a given field the cost of the salary line is a few tens of million dollars.
Ronin: Free and Open Source Ruby Toolkit for Security Research and Development
Dupe and flagged https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=39749647
If only:

>Between 1870 and 1900 [1], America’s inflation-adjusted gross national product expanded by an unprecedented 233%. Though the population nearly doubled, real per capita GNP surged by 90%. Real wages of nonfarm employees grew by 53%, and life’s staples, such as food, clothing and shelter, became more plentiful and much cheaper. Food prices plummeted by 63% and the cost of textiles, fuel and home furnishings fell by 70%, 65% and 70%, respectively. The illiteracy rate fell by 46% and life expectancy rose 12.5%. Infant mortality declined by 17%. ... Had the Gilded Age suffered from monopolistic exploitation, as critics claim, output would have fallen and prices would have risen in the monopolized industries. In a 1985 study, economist Thomas DiLorenzo tested that hypothesis for steel, petroleum, railroads and other industries accused of being monopolistic during the debate on the Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890. He found that output in those industries actually increased by an average of 175% from 1880-90—seven times the growth rate of real GNP. On average, prices in the ostensibly monopolized industries fell three times as fast as the consumer price index.

[1] https://www.census.gov/library/publications/1975/compendia/h...
The enterprise value is the total value of the company: The value of all stocks and bonds in circulation (minus the cash, assuming you use that to pay out bonds).

Why is that a bad term?

I do appreciate that this does not ring will with a layman's interpretation of stocks on bonds. But think about it.

If you have a house that is worth 1M and take out a loan of that house at 500k, is it now only worth 500k? No, it is still worth 1M. And prospect buyers will need to buy that bond (unless you want to keep paying it off even though you don't own the house)
Worst polluted cities are in Asia – and 83 of them are in India
LaunchDarkly for Prompt Management
We are exploring many use cases for implement GenAI solutions and are building most of them inhouse so we are writing a lot of prompts across various teams in product and engineering.

I was trying to explore some best tools for managing and testing prompts for different use cases things i am looking for :

Must have :

UI where PM's can go and test prompts - here they should be able to test same prompt on different model and a high level overview of cost incurred across these model for the result.

SDK/api to fetch these prompts in code with versing and all for different use-cases.

Dynamic rules for A/B testing of prompts.

Good to have :
Maybe if the tool helps in crafting the prompts, create nested prompts workflows (chain of prompts) , etc.

Basically looking for Launchdarkly type solution for prompts where you can also create dynamic rules to load different prompt feature flag them based on user persona and teams.

Also interested in hearing how teams are managing or doing this is there a better way or something that I am missing?
I think the part I don't understand is why you think people suck. It doesn't seem like anyone sucks, actually, to me. And it seems that those who are lonely prefer human contact and are unable to have it rather than being released from sucky people. But perhaps the point is flying above my head.

I haven't played Diplomacy but I imagine the subterfuge and betrayal is similar to that in Neptune's Pride (a real-time game that occurs over a few weeks, I slept in 2h fits during that period while trying to keep my allegiances straight and took a friend to a pub and kept him occupied so he would fail an obligation he had to someone else). The cruelty and betrayal are part of the fun. And while it can get acrimonious in play, I can't see that lasting.
Star History Forum
And yet, Uber is loosing money for pretty much their whole existence.

I think we will get to robotaxis one day, most probably. I'm not sure though about the earnings power this will give to those companies.
Fake ass PR fluff and you fell for it. https://www.reddit.com/r/SelfDrivingCars/comments/19e8hjf/wh...
Sitcom for Side Channel Security
"In which the squamous cell carcinoma tumors grow by 20% in two months"