skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
> You can't make progress by random wild stabs in the dark, philosophy, spiritual whatever, wild experiments. It doesn't work.

It must be hard for a young grad student to swallow the pill of human mortality and reconcile the disconnect that a lifetime of hard and rigorous science will merely move the needle. Fruits of their labor which might only be tasted centuries after their death. Of course, only through this sacrifice has the needle been moved so much that we have the things we have now. Something something shoulders of giants. Understanding this is a key part of accepting reality and becoming a mature adult, something it seems you've helped many people do, and something many people never do.

> The solution is simple. Fund science and be ok with failure

We also live in a society dictated by political and economic forces. These forces have no qualms rejecting reality and believing in eternal life. Will science ,which has an infinite number of directions to grow and is limited in speed by the rigor of its very nature, ever be fast enough to protect itself? Or is this science just for the sake of science until societal collapse occurs? To really save and protect the billions of lives, I think a new kind of societal advancement is needed outside of science. A vanguard force of sorts. Not political or economic in nature but also not scientific because it can not be bound by the speed of the field.

I think software as envisioned by some people long ago could have been this place. Of course, software has been co-opted by all three groups but I still think there is a chance. Restructure society, reign in political and economic forces, and allow science to do its thing for thousands of years to come.
From the Conclusions section:

> The main question we tried to answer is whether a significant shift away from
the US dollar as the dominant “hegemonic” currency is likely to occur in the
foreseeable future, and in which direction the monetary system might develop.
The key conclusion was that the fate of the US dollar as the currency hegemon
depends on a number of factors, with the degree to which US policy makers
would be able to maintain macroeconomic stability relative to other countries
of supreme importance. Only if stability is maintained will the US dollar
retain its position as the safe-haven currency of choice.

In heavily hedged terms, they conclude that the situation is currently stable and likely to remain so. My opinion is that there's good information in this document but the editing (mostly in the sense of structure and clarity) is quite poor, prone to using the very real complexity of the issues at hand as an excuse for weasel words, wishy-washiness, and desperation to please one's boss. In reading this document, I recommend that you keep in mind that the document is from late 2022 and Credit Suisse imploded in early 2023, so, as the document's authors might say, one suspects that it does not represent a level of intellectual rigor that one would prefer to see from a globally important bank.
Bootstrapping > VC
Even if you try to install it using a flash drive, it still asks you to connect to the internet to "verify" the installation.
https://sneak.berlin/20201204/on-trusting-macintosh-hardware... explains how it's ensured on the firmware level that you really connect with Apple servers.
The actual workload in ML model training is totally deferrable. It ought to be very compatible with intermittent power, and actually great for the renewable grid. The two solutions for intermittence are: buy batteries or buy so many solar panels that you still get enough power even when they are operating at like 30% efficiency. A workload that will pay big bucks for any excess power you’ve got will provide the needed ROI for the latter solution.

Unfortunately the chips are all to expensive so everybody wants to run them full-out all the time.
China, the West, and the Three-Body Problem
No speculation in the article or thread yet what Apple is doing with the WiFi stack that creates such a fragile coupling with its services.

Per iFixit, they’re using an obscure WiFi / Bluetooth module from USI in the new MacBook Pros:

https://www.ifixit.com/Guide/MacBook+Pro+14-Inch+Late+2023+M...

Possible they’ve gotten some “out of spec” capabilities wired in? Trying to imagine what for… Securely bridging local adhoc networks with the internet?
Curious, why would OpenGL break VSTs? (And yes, I get that AU is the preferred way over VST2 or even VST3, which is why most modern plugins are available in AU as well. I just don't see how OpenGL plays into this.)
urlib.parse is a pain. We really need something more like pathlib.Path.
I thought it's widely accepted that the Tesla stock price is heavily inflated relative to the company's actual performance and that Elon Musk is increasingly considered a liability as his vaporware marketing (e.g. the various blatantly misleading claims about the trajectory of FSD capabilities) was a major factor to the stock's growth in the past.
Have you ever needed to perform a reliable recursive directory copy between two drives on Windows? I have and it turned out to be a comically complicated task. Robocopy helps but als has its edge cases you need to handle. Also long path names become problematic (MAX_PATH etc).
Apple silicon is unfortunately still at a premium. I was shopping around for used M1 mac minis and a 16gb model (minimum acceptable imo) was like $500-600 second hand. You can get an 8th or 9th gen off lease computer for like $100-200 that is close enough to the m1, sometimes with 16gb already in there with the option to add in 128gb, multiple drive bays, pcie, etc.
There's no GPU acceleration is there?
In what sense is this an "HNism"?

Ever since blogs have had comments sections, the set of people who are too lazy to make their own blogs, have been holding forth (writing, essentially, their own blog posts) in other people's blogs' comment sections.

Heck, I'm sure people were doing it on Usenet and all-subscribers-can-post mailing lists, too — using the "Reply" button on a message to mean "I want to create a new top-level discussion that quotes/references this existing discussion" rather than "I want to post something that the people already participating in this existing discussion will understand as contributing to that discussion."

In all these cases, the person doing this thinks that a comment/reply is better than a new top-level post, because
the statement they're making requires context, and that context is only provided by reading the posts the statement is replying to / commenting on.

Of course, this being the internet, there is a thing called a hyperlink that could be used to add context just as well... but what there is not, is any kind of established etiquette that encourages people to do that. (Remember at some point in elementary school, learning the etiquette around writing a letter? Why don't schools teach the equivalent for writing a blog post/comment? It'd be far more relevant these days...)

Also, for some reason, social networks all have "reply" / "quote" actions (intended for engaging with the post/comment, and so showing up as "reactions" to the post/comment, or with your reply nested under the post/comment, etc); but no social network AFAIK has a "go off on a tangent" action (which would give you a message composer for a new top-level post, pre-filled with a cited quote of the post you were just looking at, but without your post being linked to that post on the response-tree level.) Instead, you always have to manually dig out the URL of the thing you want to cite, and manually cite it in your new post. I wonder why...
Cost of ownership of an M3 MacBook Pro is like $300-400 a year. Even if you have the time, it's just not worth it anymore like it used to be.
Kiwi: A Language Designed for Clarity and Simplicity
Hello HN!

I am thrilled to introduce Kiwi, a dynamically-typed, multi-paradigm programming language.

The goal of Kiwi is to provide a language that is not only powerful and flexible but also intuitive and easy to learn, whether you're a seasoned programmer or just wanting to learn a new language.

Visit the Github repository to download Kiwi, access the full documentation, and explore examples!

Let's build something amazing!

The Kiwi Language Team
Emergent constraints on carbon budgets as a function of global warming
Public Opinion Book (1922)
There are a couple issues. One is rights. It might be prohibited by contract.

Also, there’s money left on the table. Server side inserted ad solutions are available and monetize better.
WSL still doesn't have the proper UNIX like experience of macOS.

And there is no decent equivalent to homebrew.
I feel the same way with phones. I pre-ordered a Nexus One the day it opened, installed a dozen custom ROMs, etc etc. Upgraded to a Nexus 4, 5. These days I use an iPhone. Don’t miss it, though I’m nostalgic for the excess free time!
Microsoft doesn't care that much about user-controllable hardware, not as much as they used to. Their partnerships with OEMs have grown very deep and they managed to push Pluton for any device that wants to be certified for W11. They could go a few steps past this in a few short years.
Indeed! Great books :)
I feel like it follows because they had first to overvalue “impressive sounding information” in order to decide it was worth lying about. Like someone being star struck by a snake oil salesman.
There are a few ultralight fingertip gaming mice on the market like the g-wolves HSK, Keychron, and Zaunkoenig that might work for you.
The Ada programming language is cursed with overlapping acronyms. GPS, ADA, SPARK, AWS. Seems it just got a little bit worse.
> Logic of optimizer is usually reasonable

I agree.
My problem is that SQLite, an embedded database, seems to have a better Planner/Optimizer than Postgres.

Is the development of Planner/Optimizer abandoned?

> my problem with it is that it relies on cost config parameters

And I don't have access to change it, as it's a PASS database...
Publicly available on Project Gutenberg: https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/6456
Startups might poof into smoke in a matter of months while your local plumbing company has been a family business for half a century and has no shortage of work.
Prone too at creating solutions to problems that do not exist.
Interesting to see all the CS names in the acknowledgements, including at least: Joseph Goguen, Les Lamport, Bob Wilensky, Lotfi Zadeh...
Tell HN: Recruitment Email Tracking
In case folks weren’t already aware, I wanted to mention that emails from recruiters can include email tracking technology such as pixel tracking and link tracking. I’ve been receiving more messages to my personal email address lately instead of from LinkedIn or other sources.

Most of the emails I’ve been receiving have links going to a link tracking server named znsrc.com. After doing some research this is part of a tracking service offered by gem (https://support.gem.com/hc/en-us/articles/5352598316567-Click-Tracking). Gem also sells the ability to provide the personal email of folks when given their LinkedIn profile. You may opt out from them selling your information here: https://www.gem.com/do-not-sell.
On a Modena phone, that would be through the App Lounge. According to https://doc.e.foundation/support-topics/app_lounge.html

"As we want to offer users a way to access apps without tracking, we have an option to sign in to App Lounge Anonymously. With this option, we are able to offer access to commercial applications without requiring a personal Google account: it means no tracking! This option gives only access to the free catalog."

That would work for me, but only if I know that BankID and my bank will support such a system, which I suspect they will not unless forced to by the government.
Apple and macOS is slowly becoming another Windows in terms of stability.

There was a HN post about a hashicorp founder using Linux within a vm on their mbp. Might adopt that same approach, if I can find the og post.
The reason for suggesting that is because it wouldn't need tiny expensive custom delicate valves; connect the pinhole to a funnel which gets wider like the horns on this siren: https://stall.net/victorysiren/photo-pages/cars2/images/5SG-...

then you can use whatever large, cheap, widely spaced, easy to access, easy to maintain, valves you can find. The trade would be size, noise, and power, but the gain would be easy to build, mass produced parts, easy to repair, large and solid and relatively reliable.
Sure, nothing beats bootcamp but that is not strictly macos. Apple's GPTK released last year seems to have greatly advanced gaming compatibility. Probably lots of games still don't work but it looks promising and is getting better. Hope Apple can continue to put resources into that.
Hardware support, sure. Backwards compatibility is a double edged sword though. While it's awesome to have it's also the reason why parts of Windows feel so dated and inconsistent.
I wrote my first blog, would love to get your feedback on this. I have mentioned the original paper's link as well as my implementation of this paper in the blog. I hope it is informative and easy to understand.
"real browser" is doing a lot of work in your comment.

It's not doing nearly as much work as real browsers do!

After all what is a browser other than something that browses? What other characteristics make it "real"?

A real browser is a browser that aspires to be a web browser that can reasonably be used by a (let's say even fairly technical) user to browse the real web. That means handling handling outright adversarial inputs and my point is this is so central to a real browser, it seems it might be hard to retrofit in later.

I gave one example with the null thing, another one would be the section on how the JS API can break the assumptions made by the DOM parser - it similarly sounds like a bug that's really a bug class and a real browser would need a systemic/architecture fix for.
Basically two:

1) Synchronization: when you are rendering decorations in a different process that the window content, you never get frame perfect. You can't synchronize both processes for each frame.

2) When painting using two processes, you need two surfaces. You just doubled your VRAM usage and the amount of blitting you need to do.

Now, decorations are not only the window chrome itself, but parts of them are font rendering (Qt renders fonts a little bit differently than Gtk, you can see the differences) and popup menus (when right clicking on the window chrome). The menus are a difficult thing; they basically pull in the entire respective UI framework (theming, sizing, font rendering, ...). So you do not really have a choice of unified look with server-side decorations; you have choice with cluttered mess between apps using different frameworks, or cluttered mess inside apps using different framework than the one used to render decorations.

So, how the other operating systems do it? They won't allow you to connect directly to compositor in the first place. You _must_ use the platform library, be it Cocoa or Win32 in order to be able to get a surface that gets displayed. And since you are already linking these libraries, they will paint the decorations for you -- unless you override it. All that is client-side, in the address space of your application, in your message queue.

Now, Windows does have a server-side fallback, when you app is not processing the message queue. Then it will paint the system decorations, but since your app is not responding, any synchronization is passe anyway.

So how to solve this in Linux? You will have as many looks, as many apps decide that they do not want to play ball, that they are a special snowflake, that need to avoid the "bloat" of frameworks. The cluttered mess of different UI styles and the permanently broken state of everything is a price you are paying for them to be able to do exactly that.

Otherwise, you would be able to reduce the looks to two (Qt and Gtk). When things would go very well, Qt could do what it does on other platforms and use Gtk+ look. That's about the only way to get unified look.
I have a need to be able to run macos binaries and xcode from time to time, and it used to be non-trivial to run macos in a unsanctioned vm so I had a mac laptop around.

But these days you can spin up a qemu macos vm without too much effort and that's my virtual hackintosh.
One of things that really annoys me about Windows is that there doesn't seem to be a way to capture audio from a single application even though the audio mixer can clearly change the volume. But if you want to capture, it's only the final mix output for everything (so you better hope that there's no sudden notification sound from anything). Or you'd have to use a virtual sound card like VB's Cable/Voicemeteer, which requires the application to be able to select a specific soundcard.

Arguably this isn't relevant for audio production, but it does make capturing applications a huge pain. (And if I did miss something and there is a way to e.g., have OBS capture the audio of a specific Window/Application, I'm all ears!)
See the answer above: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=39728575
I recently gave it a try and it immediately prompted me to turn on travel mode after putting in the passcode (though, yes, that part was difficult).
>I've already broken both of them enough that I had to reinstall from scratch in the past (yes yes - it's supposed to be impossible I know)

Could you mention a bit about how they broke? I'm curious to see how that state looks, as from my perspective switching to a previous configuration seems to cover everything.
https://archive.ph/GAsxc
It was pretty smart of Apple to switch to a proprietary architecture. I can’t imagine MacOS running on standard Arm.
Either OP doesn't consider tinkering an enjoyable past-time activity or they've no free time to do something they enjoy. Both quite sad to be honest.
I was happy to see this because I've been looking for examples of real use cases.

Does anyone know of others?
Casual games on a site intended for businesses and professionals for job finding and contact management? Sounds like a good way to damage their brand.
I daily both macOS and Linux, and have for over a decade. I think Dolphin is significantly better than Finder.
That is if you have a completely new machine or have zerod out the disk.

If you are simply re-installing the OS then you can do it without internet.
Postgres' query planner is likely considering random vs sequential page costs, and preferring an index scan on created_at.

What are the current values of `random_page_cost` and `seq_page_cost`?

SHOW seq_page_cost;
SHOW random_page_cost;

The default is typically 4, and in practice with modern disks you should use a lower value closer to 1.
from around 2008 to 2012 I ran hackintosh, on desktop, it was great and fun in 2012 I bought a first MacBook. The good experience on the hackintosh made me get the MacBook. So I like to think hackintosh helped apple.
I can see $9000 as a fair price, but also expensive enough to buy one, scan it, and then CNC one of your own. I also wonder why it isn't coming out for two years, when they can already make them via CNC?
I think .so is an even whackier choice and people are rushing to it. Why notion.com redirects to notion.so is beyond me. Probably couldn't buy it and pay only for a redirect?
Good is relative. Windows 2000 never reset your preferences on an update of the OS.
I understand the point, I just disagree with your hypothesis. The automotive market was overwhelmingly dominated by a few massive players. Tesla pushed into that market with innovation, not mass marketing. Do they even have advertising now? Yet they have the top-selling model in the world in the Model Y.

Now, I would agree that Tesla wasn't lean. But the point of your comment as I understood it was that lean or not, in a world of saturated markets, you must have massive marketing. I think that's demonstrably not true, and gave examples where I think it's clear that innovation was more important than marketing.
Digital media costs library much more money than physical media.

In the US in the state of Wisconsin has a statewide digital library last time I was a resident there. That means all libraries share the digital library across the state. My experience was a incredible variety of content at the cost of somewhat longer wait times.

The same cannot be said of Minnesota. When inquiring why Minnesota does not have the same system when chatting with our local library it came down to publishers were no longer willing to have such an agreements. The library would love to have such a system in Minnesota but the publishers are against it. I wish there was a way we could bridge readers with their authors.

As a side note I don't quite understand the downside even with the Wisconsin system. For my understanding it was contracted per book for a length of time and also a fee per read.

https://www.wplc.info/wisconsins-digital-library-faq
A New Trace the Full MH370 Story So Far. [video]
Thanks, much appreciated.

Just saw they very recently approved some canabis oil drops for medicinal use here, so that might also be an option.
Associated problem: salespeople seem to be gullible when buying - they get taken in by slick salespeople. Given their skills you would think they could spot someone pulling the wool over their eyes. I haven't yet worked out whether it is just admiration for a good snow job or falling for some status game.
Apple released the last major revision of the cheese grater Mac Pro in 2010. If you wanted a Mac with exotic features like a new CPU and more than one internal hard drive in 2013~ then Hackintosh was the way to do it
Pizza Taste Test
It true that there is a new contract between EU and USA to allow accessing and storing data of EU-citizens in/from the USA. But that contract will probably be declared illegal by a court, just like the last times.
I would pay at least $100 to have MacOS running on an Android tablet.
A lot of plugins use OpenGL, it's just that simple :)
True, Windows will never be as locked down as macOS that only runs on Apple designed custom ARM hardware. I guess my skepticism comes from my expectation that my Windows computer should be able to run games (unlike my macbook which holds personal data and work), and remote attestation is going to be used first in anticheats.
It is mindboggling to me how often developers create project names without even trying to search for precedent names in their own domain/industry.

Calling this Ada is just ridiculous.
No, but a general rant at analysis software in general which seeks to maximise all resources.

I agree that database software likely does not behave so aggressively, but the terms I saw in the duckdb post triggered me to believe they were trending in that direction.
DigitalBridge Completes DataBank Recapitalization (2023)
Get AI-Powered Responses During Interviews
Realtime Interview Copilot is an open-source web app that helps you craft responses during interviews using real-time transcription and AI. It transcribes the conversation and generates relevant answers based on the transcribed text and your provided background information.

Key features:

- Real-time transcription with Deepgram

- AI-powered response generation with OpenAI

- Customizable interview background information

- Transcription editing

- Copilot and Summerizer modes

Built with React, TypeScript, Next.js, and Tailwind CSS.
ICBM boost phase only lasts about four minutes. Detection takes a minute or two. LEO orbit time is as low as 90 minutes, so you need at least 45 satellites orbiting the desired location to reach a single missile in time. This doesn't include orbit drift or account for the chances of the interceptor missing.
I'd love to see this in real-time rather than this sped up version. I suspect it's a little more reasonable to navigate when going slow enough.