skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
LLVM/GCC target fixed ISA devices. Even GPUs can be represented in this paradigm of having a core set of instructions and registers for SIMD/SMT. What FPGA or random ASIC could LLVM front-end? How do you go from LLVM-IR to something that can live in an FPGA?

You can either do what most "high-level" or "new HDL" tools do which is emit some form of "RTL" (Verilog/VHDL) or you can stick a place-holder design in the FPGA and then your LLVM-IR is basically emitting instructions for an "overlay" type of design.

And if we are being pedantic you can use Verilog or VHDL to write a purely STRUCTURAL netlist which includes hard instantiating "basic building block" primatives. i.e. have your RTL instantiate an ISERDES or OSERDES block (which I suspect will mean something to you).

But even with a "netlist" based design in RTL you still have to technology map that into building blocks of your hardware and that whole process becomes so complex people have just migrated to writing "behavorial" RTL (or translating to it from some other language, i.e. Vivado HLS).

Lastly, Vivado does support EDIF netlists as do most FPGA tools (whether they advertise it or not) but if you don't have a way to do a technology mapping stage from your high-level RTL into building blocks (which is effectively part of the "synthesis" steps), then what did you accomplish?
Too long did not read. This advice is not helpful if you have schizophrenia.
The real problem isn’t the page load, it’s that it’s visible. If only one picture and a bit of text update, why does the whole screen have to blink?
> Software designed chip fabrication. Please someone make this happen in my lifetime.

That's already a thing. See, for instance, https://platform.efabless.com/shuttles/MPW-8

Most of it uses the same languages, and many of the same tools, as FPGA design.
Microsoft communicated the requirements openly

https://techcommunity.microsoft.com/t5/hardware-dev-center/n...
i sure do hope it's rolling papers
This was featured on an episode of Connections 3 way back in the long ago. Moral equivalent of thermal paper but with electricity.
>AI anime girl banner

Immediately no. This project immediately reads as a grift at worst, and at best simply unserious.
Phase changes will probably work well for structures that would otherwise be used for insulation anyway - in the case of this particular idea though, I think heat is moved in and out using another medium, air in this case, so a phase change would complicate things greatly (hard to bubble air through lava). But yeah, something like a phase changing fluid (gas <-> liquid) will probably work well, as it does in air conditioners right now.
Nice! This feels really useful. I'm surprised it hasn't been done before... or am I missing something?
> Often X really is something possible-but-difficult

If "I'll need a research team and five years" is actually a valid answer to X (eg: X="How do I determine if a given jpeg image contains a bird?", at least... uh, five years ago), then it's a valid answer for the purposes of answering both X and Y. The problem is people giving incorrect/non-answers like "you shouldn't do that", and then pretending they answered the question because they also gave a (presumed for the sake of argument to be correct) answer to some different question, Y.
Same. Though I’m lost knowing if this is an issue with the link/site, or if that’s the joke.
Generally when they cross the international date line - for example when traveling from Sydney to San Francisco, I can take off at midday and land at ~7am on the same day local time.
Gerald Levin Dead: Media Exec Behind Time Warner-AOL Merger Was 84
it's like all the current gaga over RAG and vector dbs when the real ones just use numpy to prototype
Author here. Yes, Jeremy Howard and fast.ai was one of the inspirations for this! I'd actually be curious what he thinks of the project if he ever sees it.
And not that it's contrary to the $1K price point but, I think, Apple's last event was filmed with iPhones albeit with a lot of expensive lighting and other gear/people.
It’s really small. I know c doesn’t translate to rust, but it would be a good template for someone doing that. You need the state in an os, and using threads as memory containers is a bad idea here. But you could certainly do the array thing or arc everything steal the interrupt notion from the embedded rust community, write a different async runtime and that would get you most of the way
Be careful not to conflate obscenity laws and pornography laws. Porn that isn't obscenity is protected by the First Amendment. Children are not allowed to access any porn. Obscenity (determined by the Miller test [1]) is by definition not protected by the First Amendment [2]. Both children and adults are not allowed to access obscenity. In the featured case, the Fifth Circuit decided that some sexual material can be obscenity in one context — when viewed/read by children — and not obscenity in another context — when viewed/read by adults. Whether obscenity precedent supports a concept of "obscene only when viewed by children", hypothetical regulations which rely on such a concept would still have to pass a test stricter than rational basis review [3] if they create hurdles to adults' access to speech which is "obscene only when viewed by children". The Fifth Circuit incorrectly applied the rational basis review standard to age verification; if the means of achieving a government interest impact (not necessarily target) a fundamental right (such as freedom of speech, which encompasses adults' freedom to access porn), then strict scrutiny [4] applies by default.

The Texas age verification law concerns porn in general, not just obscenity. Obstacles to adults' access to protected speech must pass strict scrutiny in most cases. Perhaps mandated age verification on porn sites could be interpreted as a "place" restriction to support intermediate scrutiny [5] rather than strict scrutiny, but I'm not sure that public decency laws governing physical spaces such as strip clubs are applicable to digital websites. If you enter a strip club then the staff will instantly have a visual estimate of whether you're an adult. If you go to a porn website with an age verification system then you might have to give the website or the verifying party much more information than your age.

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miller_test

[2] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_obscenity_law

[3] https://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/rational_basis_test

[4] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strict_scrutiny#Applicability

[5] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intermediate_scrutiny#Free_spe...
Experimental Weight-Loss Pill Twice as Effective as Ozempic, Trial Shows
The website is absolutely useless.. only option is to login.
Dewey Decimal is probably not actually appropriate but it would be nice to have a good and appropriate classification scheme be used.
I see it as a "levels of depth" kind of exercise.

The first level is to be exposed to some kind of summary. The second is to attempt to read and investigate the details. The third is to use a hands-on mechanism of engagement, which doesn't necessarily mean "write software" for software development, it means priming yourself to be involved, which could mean writing notes, creating art or attempting to teach what you just learned. All of those things create facets of understanding that aren't accessible in a passive context, and the more modes of that you access, the more likely it is that you have a good grasp on the knowledge.

My approach to developing has grown more consciously iterative as I've caught on to this. I copy things back and forth between paper and the screen manually, and I just spent an hour today designing some personal versioning/project organization(a micro-project for an audience of 1 - start by applying Syncthing's sync and versioning, then add a script that tracks and clones subdirectories in a CSV - add comments, auto-logging and tags to taste in the CSV format, edit that file manually for all fine adjustments, and you are good to go in under 100 lines).

I realized that I didn't need "version control" so much as "iteration control" - sometimes I have a branch that has ambiguous relationship to an existing repository because it's rewriting stuff or is a different kind of artifact from code. Writing a blogpost is very much that kind of thing since it refers to work you did do, but it isn't a code repository.
Was it just one specific item that was not appetizing looking and was very expensive (to keep unsuspecting kids/etc.) from accidentally buying it?

Were they concerned about getting nicked every time they refilled the machine?
Ironically, the font is too large for the table to fit on the screen, introducing horizontal scroll on this mobile page which I’m sure isn’t best practice. (I’m viewing this page on an iPhone 15)
https://news.ycombinator.com/user?id=DinaCoder99

Is this you as well? Is this even allowed?
The voice-ai-device startup Rabbit seems to have a lot of browser automation stuff in their research side, they're calling their stuff a Large Action Model: https://www.rabbit.tech/research
Maybe it’s your circle. Things are particularly bad for entry level devs right now, but I know a lot of people outside of tech, and the vast majority are employed and doing OK.
See also, typingmind.com

I guess we are stuck with this UI interface now, left tab, center chat.. blah blah blah.
I know you’re being mildly facetious, but profit doesn’t come from thin air (or does it?). If you spend $.30 to grow and ship bananas and charge $1, that $.70 difference is just a made up number by what you hope is a fair market. A dark pattern is just a way of maximizing that difference unethically.

I’ll ignore the clustering and trust structures that form naturally, but those are long-term dark patterns as well.
paul - really glad that you enjoyed the post and I appreciate that you appreciated me mentioning the talk! It's so good! It was great to get to revisit it and borrow from it so directly.

And that's a lovely easter egg! Had no idea that it was there. Agreed that it could use some more juice; yoink away :)
I'm a bonehead. I did buy saayn.ai but forgot to redirect it. Fixed now. Thanks for pointing it out.
Would unikernels be feasible for online judge platforms (e.g. codeforces, leetcode)? I was thinking something along the lines of: spawning a unikernel for each submission -> running a single file program -> streaming the output back to a server, all in <3s and potentially with multiple submissions running in parallel. I'm fairly new to this, so I'm not sure if that would be overkill.
70% is not that high these days -- there are institutions (normally non-university-affiliated research institutions like the Salk Institute that still apply for NIH and NSF grants) have overheads of 90%! It's important to realize that overheads aren't taken out of the grant given to the researcher, they are added to it. So if a researcher gets a $100K grant at institution with 70% overhead, the institution gets $170K.
It is absolutely a Boeing failure and not due to subcontractors/outsourcing as the clickbait title seems to imply.

If you parcel out parts of your job in something as critical as Airplane Construction, it is your responsibility to validate all specifications/testing/verification/etc. If you treat "Airplane Engineering" as mere "Embedded Engineering" you need to be put out of business.

The article explicitly says MCAS and "cockpit warning light not working" problems (which were the cause of the two crashes) were NOT outsourced.

Key points;

“Boeing was doing all kinds of things, everything you can imagine, to reduce cost, including moving work from Puget Sound, because we’d become very expensive here,” said Rick Ludtke, a former Boeing flight controls engineer laid off in 2017. “All that’s very understandable if you think of it from a business perspective. Slowly over time it appears that’s eroded the ability for Puget Sound designers to design.

Rabin, the former software engineer, recalled one manager saying at an all-hands meeting that Boeing didn’t need senior engineers because its products were mature. “I was shocked that in a room full of a couple hundred mostly senior engineers we were being told that we weren’t needed,” said Rabin, who was laid off in 2015.

“Engineering started becoming a commodity,” said Vance Hilderman, who co-founded a company called TekSci that supplied aerospace contract engineers and began losing work to overseas competitors in the early 2000s.

The last point is the most damning; Airplane Engineering cannot be commodity engineering.
Spreadsheet, tensor... same difference.
> LLVM/GCC target fixed ISA devices. Even GPUs can be represented in this paradigm of having a core set of instructions and registers for SIMD/SMT. What FPGA or random ASIC could LLVM front-end? How do you go from LLVM-IR to something that can live in an FPGA?

You completely missed my point, which was not that RTL and an ISA are comparable in any way but that many of the target codegen backends for both those compilers were contributed by the owners of the ISAs themselves. I said that in response to your claim that you need to own the whole stack to "change the status quo". You don't, you just (mighty big just) need to present a compelling enough value proposition in your stack for the device manufacturers to contribute the remainder of the stack.
This is a wild quote:

<<
Among the cool things that we will speed up:

2x faster GCD (compared to std::gcd)
8-15x faster binary search (compared to std::lower_bound)
5-10x faster segment trees (compared to Fenwick trees)
5x faster hash tables (compared to std::unordered_map)
2x faster popcount (compared to repeatedly calling popcnt)
35x faster parsing series of integers (compared to scanf)
?x faster sorting (compared to std::sort)
2x faster sum (compared to std::accumulate)
2-3x faster prefix sum (compared to naive implementation)
10x faster argmin (compared to naive implementation)
10x faster array searching (compared to std::find)
15x faster search tree (compared to std::set)
100x faster matrix multiplication (compared to “for-for-for”)
optimal word-size integer factorization (~0.4ms per 60-bit integer)
optimal Karatsuba Algorithm
optimal FFT

>>

If true, why haven't these appeared in the C++ STL?

EDIT: Formatting only
Yeah, measuring computation speed in meters per second is like measuring the weight of software dependencies in kilograms
Creator here. Thanks for posting this! Happy to answer questions or take suggestions and hope it helps folks better understand LLMs.

Next video will be on embeddings and hopefully done soon-ish.
Are California and Arizona "most places?" Most states allow homeowner electrical work.
Yeah but he needed a motor.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Minthorn_Murphy#Mile-a...
Pet peeve but why use green (associated with “good”) for the least desirable end of the scale?
Might be due to not having a shell inside the "container" severely limits the use of your previously-acquired observability and debugging skills.
The Prisoner 2 for the Apple ][ had a scene where you're at the psychiatrist in the hospital, and they give you a psychological test, and in the middle of it, the game pretends to break into AppleSoft with an error at the line number of your secret resignation code, and it tries to trick you into entering your secret number like "LIST <number>":

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Prisoner_(video_game)#Game...

>The game continually tries to trick the player into revealing the secret three-digit code. One of the most nefarious attempts (which occurs in Prisoner 2) is a simulated game crash that includes the error message "Syntax error in line ###", where the line number is the player's resignation code. This was a common error message in the Apple II's BASIC programming language, and the logical step for users of the time would be to review the erroneous line of code with the command "List ###" (again substituting the specific number in question). Typing the secret three-digit code at any time resulted in the game being lost, however, and that included typing such a BASIC command since, unknown to the player, the game was actually still running. Ironically, being able to list the program's code from within it was one way to solve and win the game by means of analyzing the program and deducing a solution. Yet such a solution was entirely within the spirit of the game, as its clues sometimes broke the fourth wall with an acknowledgement that a computer game was being played.

https://mocagh.org/miscgame/prisoner-alt-manual.pdf

<6>. If you think the program isn't working, try
again.
What you may at first believe to be an error may
not be the case. A trick might be played on you;
certain possessions must be gained or tasks
performed to get something to work, or the
computer may be waiting for you to press certain
keys or make certain responses. Don't be too
quick to assume an error, and remember that <CTRL
C> can get you out of any section of the program.
If you do discover an error of any kind, read the
Warranty.
"The Weil Conjectures" by Karen Olsson is an interesting read that connects Andre and Simone and the authors own experiences as a math major. I thought it did a good job capture the appeal of math, but it's definitely not about the conjectures or their proof.
This reminds me of Millionaire for the ZX Spectrum. It was also written in BASIC and hence easy to modify.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Millionaire_%28video_game%29
If deep learning algorithms are "autocomplete" then so is the human mind when it strings words together. No, that's not how it works.
It works if you drag and drop files from outside. But not like moving files within the platform for now. WIP
> Brilliant idea/URL.

Thanks! There's a truth to the name beyond just the play on the transformers paper. Definitely have thought about how many SaaS apps could be a spreadsheet and vice versa and often use them to create mini-apps (often via apps script).
Thanks - I was looking in the wrong place in the docs.
...except for all the others.

Use Claude in Safari and the browser completely locks up after a single response.
I guess since I am linking to weather dot gov will just give their API a try. If anyone has suggestions, I am open since there are so many….
https://www.weather.gov/documentation/services-web-api
There is consensus and robust evidence around the basic principles (e.g obesity). The effect size of the remaining details in those debates is negligible anyway.
> logging, observability, printf-debugging (just kidding) to your unikernel, you basically have a full OS anyway.

I mean -- isn't that all the good stuff?

Like -- I boot this thing and I don't really have a filesystem in the way we know it. First of all, that's confusing (I say this as a ZFS devotee). Second, I have no idea why this is acting crazy in production, or in testing, compared to the Linux version? Etc., etc.
Hey there, I helped design the Python library.

The `stream` context manager actually does expose an async iterator (in the async client), so you could instead do this for the simple case:

with client.beta.threads.runs.create_and_stream(…) as stream:
async for text in stream.text_deltas:
print(text, end="", flush=True)

which I think is roughly what you want.

Perhaps the docs should be updated to highlight this simple case earlier.

We are also considering expanding this design, and perhaps replacing the callbacks, like so:

with client.beta.threads.runs.create_and_stream(…) as stream:
async for event in stream.all_events:
if event.type == 'text_delta':
print(event.delta.value, end='')
elif event.type == 'run_step_delta':
event.snapshot.id
event.delta.step_details...

which I think is also more in line with what you expect. (you could also `match event: case TextDelta: …`).

Note that the context manager is required because otherwise there's no way to tell if you `break` out of the loop (or otherwise stop listening to the stream) which means we can't close the request (and you both keep burning tokens and leak resources in your app).
When we had our home reconstructed three years ago, the architect exported the plans in BIM format from the software he used. I used Blender with BlenderBIM to arrange virtual tours with my wife to get a better (immersive?) view of how the different rooms will look after the planned changes. The result wasn't perfect, which I attribute to my very limited experience with Blender and some minor flaws around the export/import process (e.g. doors and windows were missing, some walls had the wrong dimensions). I fixed some of the problems manually in Blender after the import in a few minutes. All in all, the plugin did the job very well, and helped us make some decisions. I would gladly recommend it for a similar use case.

EDIT: removed typo
> I can't see this one lasting long with Right to Repair legislation happening

I can't see them lasting together either, but that's because I don't see serious Right to Repair legislation happening.
Phase change heat storage is well established techology. It's in the product you buy when you want to have building scale latent heat storage. I've even seen a company trying their luck at the business model of selling heat in twenty foot equivalents, e.g. for building sites. So it's safe to assume that they knew about this option. But there's also the square-cube-law, at some point it will be cheaper to insulate a larger volume of the cheaper material than a smaller volume of a material that requires less volume per unit of energy at the heat range you aim at. It's well possible that this line is between building-scale and grid-scale storage.
Why wouldn’t you use a standard container based approach like Docker?
Yes, if your goal is to use unikernels. But if your goal is to pick the best solution for this application, there isn't an obvious advantage for unikernels.
It's not in the same category, Alpine is just a regular Linux distribution on the userspace side, and you have a traditional big generic kernel with your app running in userspace.
The fact that my experience with nix has historically been _so_ difficult, I fear even something that claims to make it "easier" will not be able to deliver -- my aversion has everything to do with nix, and little do with any product which claims to improve it. Consider it guilt by association.

For me, it doesn't simply need to be easier, it needs to be usable. I lack confidence a product which is an abstraction layer is going to solve that for me, because I have a personal inability to understand the underlying system.
Interesting to me because this is very likely to drive Linux support and usage in Mainland China!
Windows is unlikely to ever support LoongArch.

Had a very enlightening discussion with the authors as well, kudos to them for an amazing article!
Hi dai! It's great that you were able to create and publish your work so quickly. If you feel more comfortable keeping it unlisted, that's absolutely fine. The most important thing is that you're happy with your creation. If you ever decide to share it publicly in the future, you can always do so later on.
This seems designed to run inside virtual machines so there's a similar flavour. But I guess if you are running containers inside VMs you could substract one layer by reimplementing your application into a OS component.
Well, yeah, other than that :-)
Sugar isn't fulfilling, and usually it makes you want more. If you want a snack that fills you up, try something with fat (meat, peanut butter, etc).