skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Even if LLMs are thought of as Markov chains, there are still substantial unsolved scientific questions.

For a given prompt/"state", an LLM essentially computes the next-state probabilities. This is done by compressing language and storing particular patterns/distributions. To date, we still don't understand what statistics are stored by LLMs. Or even what stats might be necessary to produce natural-sounding language. (A canonical Markov chain only works with n-gram statistics, but we know these are insufficient.)

IMO figuring this out to a human-level understanding could be a major breakthrough in science. It would reveal a deeper structure to language. It may even help understand how our brains process language; we'll at least know one plausible algorithm. Prior to LLMs, many scholars assumed language was unique to the brain and could only poorly be "computed".
For JSON based REST APIs httpie is somewhat easier to use.
The native GPU video decoding (and CSS and canvas GPU acceleration) can work without problems, if only webGL gets deactivated, what this was about here.

But you can probably also use those to fingerprint, but probably not as precise.
This reminds me of the old text file format walkthroughs for video games. I fondly remember using the The Legend of Zelda: Wind Waker walkthrough hosted on IGN. Good times. :')
Another challenge is directory flattening. On a file system "a/b" and "a//b" are usually considered the same path. But on S3 the slash isn't a directory separator, so the paths are distinct. You need to be extra careful when building paths not to include double slashes.

Many tools end up handling this by showing a folder named "a" containing a folder named "" (empty string). This confuses users quite a bit. It's more than the inodes, it's how the tooling handles the abstraction.
“Wow this is fun and amazingly useful”

8 months later.

“I regret this decision, and a thousand curses on anyone who chooses to use this in a code base I have to work on”

I’ve been at the receiving end of this particular “feature” and it was awful. Your logic is splayed all over the place, and you’ll often get mystery errors, because someone else’s code makes some undocumented, un-typed assumption about the availability of some magically named variables. This is not a feature, this is bugs and misery in disguise.
Linux phones. Maybe upvoted before the HN hug of death. ?
The thing he wrote about Israel-Gaza that devolved into a tirade against American liberals seemed kind of tone-deaf against a backdrop of 30,000 civilian deaths. But also:

> it makes me wonder why they want to invest so much of their time and effort in publishing things that are unkind, superficial, and not contributing anything meaningful.

Nearly all of the time, money. The outrage machine pays. Looks like OP's associated with Singal, who's the king of stoking various social panics to get eyeballs on his work. Same as the Miles-Cheong playbook. It's the intellectual equivalent of churning out "<X> reacts to <Y>!" videos on YouTube for ad revenue.
I suppose such feedback could be used for reaching a fixpoint. Suppose you have a build system that reads targets to be built from stdin and outputs to stdout targets that are dependent on that target and must now be rebuilt. With an ouroboros, the build system will continue to run, even if the dependency graph is dynamically cyclical, until the fixpoint is reached and the build terminates.
> I can take a website seriously if they don't bother to remove placeholder text from their 'About Us'

Can't take a comment like this seriously when they can't even proofread their own comment...
And the "SOAP" part of the name is not helping either.
This sounds bad and can give edge to republicans as generally rightist people have more incidence of CF
> This is largely due to how inexperienced the FAA is with the manufacturing process and thus rely on the industry to self-regulate.

How does the FAA get experience manufacturing planes without manufacturing planes?

I'm not sure the people building the planes are the problem.

I'm pretty sure its the management trying to spend less money to build planes that's the problem
Bell Labs was a name when my dad was a lineman then did I’m not sure what in the Bay Area between Sacramento and SF. Management stuff I guess (I was young). But between him and my mother working for AT&T … it wasn’t bell labs but we had a terminal and modem at the house before those were common.

I may have done some exploring.

For me in my college years, it was Xerox Parc (well past the heyday of the mouse and such) working in image compression. Parc was still an entity.

Raw research is what I miss. No one really does it anymore.
Generating revenue through the creation of value via innovation is great; using dark ux patterns to extract revenue from a captive user base, not so much.

I think in cases like postman, people don’t like when features they previously had used for free suddenly comes with a price tag; rather than innovate and create new value that is worth paying for, some companies are opting to take away features user previously had. Yes, they own/control the software and want to make money , which fine, but they created a dissatisfying user experience as they tried to coercively move users into their cloud offering, wether they wanted to or not, and regardless if it provided user value. After they did that, they shouldn’t be surprise a portion of their user base decide to ditch the product and complain about the experience. This is compounded by the fact that they leveraged the contributions of an open source community, and at the same time there are other options freely available that aren’t locked into a proprietary cloud login.
The rot runs so much deeper than whichever scapegoats they want to pin it on. The story of Boeing is the story of modern American managerial culture. Excess all around. Excessive executive compensation. Excessive financialization. Excessive outsourcing. Excessive offshoring. Excessive returns to uneconomic activity. Excessive credentialism. Excessive lobbying.

Jack Welch is dead but if they wanted to try someone he’d be a great person to start with.
They're not exposing anything, they're advertising their services. It was also posted by one of their employees.

Funny how no one seems to notice that, and they're all praising the article.
.NET has gRPC reflection. https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/aspnet/core/grpc/test-tool...
We used Postman but it got forbidden in our org for that reason, so no more.

Can't say I really miss it. I personally prefer just using a jupyter notebook for these kinds of tasks. With a custom tool like this it becomes a dead end with the data. Maybe you want to decode it if it is on a binary format. Or you want to plot some basic stats?
OpenAI Pricing Calculator and Other LLMs
I've been building AI side projects lately and often compare prices of LLMs, so thought of using a calculator, most of the calculators I found were not updated so thought why not build one myself.

Open to feedback on how to make it more useful, let me know!
Also many Americans - including many here on HN - reflexively oppose regulation. That's one reason regulator's budgets are cut (and now GOP-appointed judges are hamstringing the 'administrative state). And then when a private business does something wrong, the same people ask, 'where are the regulators'?
Great to see most people are smart enough to not apply same model on all problems in their life.

Productivity tools better to be lean, simple, free & open source in some cases. This is one of those.

Of course, you can keep throwing money at bulky software continuously making things slower and more complicated, just because you never have to worry about money thanks to the VC money. I’m old enough to not buy that this is how startups
operate in general though.
I remember Scientific American running a similar story 10-15 years ago.

Can't comment on these individuals, but the phenomenon is real.
Coincidentally I ran into an issue just like this a week ago. A customer facing application failed because there was an object named “/foo/bar” (emphasis on the leading slash).

This created a prefix named “/“ which confused the hell out of the application.
I really hope they find something. Boeing is stupposed to represent America. Products represent the country you belong to and are support to incentivize trading. If we are not making good planes someone will gap fill that.
Even if that statement were correct what difference does it make if you're going to be in the ground in six months?
free with ads seems to be lasting business model
> Filesystem software, especially databases, can't be ported to Amazon S3

Hudi, Delta, iceberg bridge that gap now. Databricks built a company around it.

Don't try to do relational on object storage on your own. Use one of those libraries. It seems simple but it's not. Late arriving data, deletes, updates, primary key column values changing, etc.
We need AI accelerators with at least a dozen DDR5 memory channels.
>Ordered list of reasons I don't believe anything worthwhile will happen

----------------

You can still cut a few heads, the hydra has plenty.

What I'm wondering, could this lead to the government forcing Boeing to "be less profitable"?

At the end of the day that's the question.
The limitations of S3 (and all the cloud "file systems") are quite astonishing when you consider you're paying for it as a premium service.

Try to imagine your astonishment if a traditional storage vendor showed up and told you that their very expensive premium file system they had just sold you:

- can't store log files because it can't append
anything to an existing files
- can't copy files more than 5GB
- can't rename or move a file

When challenged on how you are supposed to make all your applications work
with limitations like that, they glibly told you "oh you're supposed to rewrite them all".
I've always preferred Insomnia over Postman. The interface fits me better. But now they also started requiring cloud login, so maybe I'll give Bruno a try if it degrades further
The EU Commission says [0] 3km is the average bike trip length in most European countries. They reference this other EU funded study [1] on replacing short car trips with walking and cycling, which says:

> The willingness to cycle over longer distances differs between countries, but in general we should not expect people to use a bike for transport on distances longer than 3-5 km.

Both are from before the e-bike boom. A 2019 Dutch study [2] says the average e-bike commute trip is ~8.5km, which indicates a rough doubling of the conventional bike range from 3-5km to 6-8km. Notably, commutes are significantly longer than all other ride types in the Dutch study, even with e-bikes.

[0] https://road-safety.transport.ec.europa.eu/eu-road-safety-po...

[1] https://safety.fhwa.dot.gov/ped_bike/docs/walcyng.pdf

[2] https://sci-hub.wf/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trd.2019.102202
Worth noting that POSIX sh only specifies that file descriptors up to 9 be supported, and many shells stick with this minimum.
Yes! Bruno supports importing postman collection’s
Linux phones, this is my life mission. Any jobs going?
Show HN: 1-qubit quantum circuit simulator with interactive bloch sphere
This has been a small labour of love for a few days. Just a fun idea I had to create a single qubit quantum circuit simulator with interactive 3D bloch sphere.

Check out my blog post linked on the page for further introduction to quantum computing!
You say distributed.

What happens when a node holding a lock crashes? Or more generally, how do you handle network partitions?
I agree. Whenever I can choose between a webapp/Electron or a native app, I'll always go with the native app.
Notify can be triggered with stored procedures to send payloads related to changes to a table. It can be set up to send the id of a row that was inserted or updated, for example. (But WAL replication is usually better for this)
50% of people in EU does not.
People Problem and Platform Engineering
I love monodraw, I buyed it and use it for other developers to show complex functions. You can also ask GPT to render Unicode diagrams and past it in monodraw if you like.
I feel like I understand the lasting popularity of the humble FTP fileserver a bit better now. Thank you.
I think the only justice would be to see at least one major executive go to prison for several years.
A Letter from Ron Hassner to Students at UC Berkeley
The article just mentions them as being pre-historic pinups. Curiously the romans left us lots of phaluses but I don’t remember venuses being prevalent. Great cocktail material
One difference is that most (all?) consoles are sold at a loss and they survive on profits from games. Apple would do perfectly fine with no income from games while Xbox and PlayStation would be DOA.

Strictly my opinion, but I also believe that where Sony sends engineers to help developers that struggle (case in point, Helldivers 2 mass influx of gamers after it became a social media darling causing the servers to bog down), Apple would be more likely to use their massive data from iPhones to launch a direct competitor to any app that became a big hit rather than help them out (case in point, Spotify Vs. Apple Music and the other apps Apple tried to buy, and when denied, cloned).
No country pays unlimited amounts of public money for brand new drugs.
Once CEO asked me: "why are you spending months of your valuable time to create a tool to solve a thing, instead paying $10/month?"

"I know developers never pay, but why?"
And superchargers are already struggling just with Teslas charging, because there is not enough of them. So my point stands.
> The outrage machine pays

Thanks for pointing this out. I was assuming the author is publishing this stuff because he just likes sharing his opinions with the world. If there are more concrete incentives that's even worse.
Alaska Air's Midair Blowout: US Opens Criminal Investigation into Boeing
> Part of my clients’ clammed-up demeanors rests on a deluded notion that I won’t fight as hard for their cases unless I am infatuated by their innocence.

I mean, isn’t it very human ?

How to help the client avoid this thinking ? Even more so when you are defending people who have no knowledge of how the system even functions ?
From the NY Times coverage:

The company had been asked to produce any documentation it had related to the removal and re-installation of the panel. ... Boeing said it had conducted an extensive search but could not find a record of the information ...

“We likewise have shared with the N.T.S.B. what became our working hypothesis: that the documents required by our processes were not created when the door plug was opened,” the Boeing letter reads. “If that hypothesis is correct, there would be no documentation to produce.”

In the letter, Boeing also said that it had sent the N.T.S.B. all of the names of the individuals on the 737 door team on March 4, two days after it was requested.

How laughably shameless: Offer the lowest-level employees as sacrifices, while burning any connection up the chain to the rest of Boeing. If Trump wins, and Boeing pays what he asks, the government might blame those employees.

Watch for the leaks that begin to smear them - alcohol use, a history of (something bad), etc. A traditional way the powerful destroy the weak is to use far superior media resources to smear them. True or not, ordinary people can't fight a tide of disinformation about them.
I don’t think the web spec implemented by the browser specifies the order of every operation, only the algorithm. If safari and chrome devs implement the audio api based on the spec, there can still be minor floating point differences because of the way they implemented the same calculations. That’s why they can fingerprint your browser versions with this.
https://archive.ph/nDG51
Yeah there is a standard, CCS2, does it matter when station are broken, need stupid applications with unique credentials and sometimes does not even want to charge because some incompatibility issue?
ELI5: Why is Qatar wealthier than other oil nations?
That’s what it does, users on the same browser and same hardware should have identical fingerprints. It’s just one way of multiple to narrow down your fingerprint.
I don't really see how you become a quant on Wall Street before you finish the CS degree, they I think look at credentials a lot, can you at least give the name of the prop shop that hired you without a formal education? Did you have any good results in algorithmic competitions or math competitions in high school? And how did you learn programming without an actual computer? Did your parents buy you a computer when you were young?
>For decades, the idea that they were simply pornographic objects, designed primarily for the male gaze, has remained a popular explanation, alongside the view of the artworks as fertility figures.
I just find it an amusing way to talk, circumstantially. Since it places a sort of ironic lack of humility against the supposed humility and good-faith of another, and there's an interesting dynamic there. I have an extremely dry sense of humor that does get me intro trouble.

Here I was speaking very literally, and yet by using phrases like 'far left' taken to be signalling something non-literal. In doing this I was splitting the audience into those looking for dogwhistles and those reading what i've said.

If someone replied having read what i'd said, i'd take quite a different tone. That someone reacted superficially, to supposed implications that didn't exist -- well, that doesnt great any obligation on me to be anything other than ironic.
Jamie O'Shea's Immaculate Telegraphy video series (2009) - "It's the ultimate salvagepunk experiment" --
https://www.tumblr.com/immaculatetelegraphy -- https://www.google.com/search?q=immaculate+telegraphy

But also Lewis Dartnell (The Knowledge: How to Rebuild our World from Scratch) https://www.wired.com/story/how-to-make-a-telegraph-from-scr... -- https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Knowledge:_How_to_Rebuil... -- "a great read, even if civilization does not collapse"
With a local LLM yes, using any of the public services like gemini or OpenAI PGT3.5 or 4, it's currently nearly impossible.

It used to be possible to prompt engineer 3.5 to not moralise on every single thing, but can't be done anymore
It feels to me that the virology and vaccination field is mind-numbingly complicated, so most so called hacker objections are from people not even remotely qualified to object, since they only think they understand. Study the field for a decade, then object. Those are the objections we should pay attention to.
> Boeing is stupposed to represent America. Products represent the country you belong to and are support to incentivize trading.

I've certainly never heard that. Boeing is a private entity and doesn't represent America; nobody voted for them or chose them, and they don't represent America any more than everyone else.

People voted for their representatives. Giving special status to these companies ends up giving them special power and treatment in order to facilitate their mission, instead of equality before the law.
Does Ketamine help in OCD recovery?
You're not giving Apple $1M. You're merely giving them a letter from a bank saying "We're $TrustworthyBank and we trust creativeSlumber enough to be willing to give them a $1M loan whenever they want, according to such and such terms".

By giving that letter to Apple, you're just telling Apple "I could give you $1M but I'm not going to, instead take this letter that says that I could give you $1M if you wanted to."

No actual money ever changes hands.
No worthwhile ideas. Why, what worthwhile ideas do you see that reminds you of my writings?
I currently have a commute of 15km and I definitely think it's too much to do every day, both directions, and am considering getting an s-pedelex for that reason. I would say 5km is the distance where it is really obviously a bike use case, and 10km is the threshold, for me personally.
Which gives you power again, not work. "gigawatt-hours per day" = gigawatt/24
> How does the FAA get experience manufacturing planes without manufacturing planes?

By hiring people who have worked in plane manufacturing.
> A sharp increase in the cost of living IS inflation, which is precisely what Milei is laser-focussed on ending.

Yeah. We're just used to the usual "local" inflation caused by the constant devaluation of the peso, where workers have to constantly fight to even maintain their purchasing power. Of course, they end up lagging slowly more and more.
But, if you measured the cost of living in US dollars up until December 2023, it was roughly the same.

This time, following the disregulation we had a sharp spike in the price of groceries, in dollars. It's a rise too steep for workers to even try to compensate in their salaries.

Worse than that, even if company owners wanted to compensate it (a starving population is not an effective work force), they just can't. People brought their spending to a bare minimum to even stay alive, so most businesses don't even have enough income to raise wages.

Some people think we're heading to a depression like the US had in 1930

> Argentina’s economy is largely a mirage fuelled by cycles of borrowing, default, and inflation. It will come crashing down sooner or later. I’m rather sceptical that Milei will manage to end the cycle, but I’ve yet to understand what the suggested alternative to trying is.

I agree. However, he's trying to stop the cycle by stopping the total cash flow. The risk is collapsing the entire country in the process.

> I agree that people are suffering in Argentina right now, and the blame for that largely rests on the shoulders of those responsible for decades of economic mismanagement. The only question is whether they will still be suffering in five / ten years or not. Argentina could be the Poland of 2035 - or it could be the Venezuela.

Some economist predict that in the next few months poverty will reach 70%. Unless they are totally wrong, even 50% doesn't leave you more than a few months of economic shock.
zig https://github.com/ziglang/zig
50% people in EU are living in apartments. That means that you are excluding 50% of potential buyers because it is more affordable for them to own gas car - cheaper and "charged" faster
Something doesn't work

Warning: mysqli_real_connect(): (HY000/2002): Connection refused in /var/www/html/wp-includes/class-wpdb.php on line 1987

Connection refused
Error establishing a database connection
Since the dataset is small enough so that it fits into the Linux kernel page cache, and since the benchmark is repeated for 5 consecutive times, first iteration of the benchmark will be bottlenecked by the disk I/O but the remaining 4 will not - e.g. all data will be in RAM (page-cache).