skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
> Are you confusing public keys with certificates?

No. If you include a key.pem file (private key) in your .zip on first upload, then the extension ID is derived from the public key which is derived from the private key. This is an RSA keypair, there is no certificate involved, and the process to generate the extensionID is well known (hex encoding of first 32 characters of the public key). [0] The chrome team signs the .crx file, so they need the private key to do it.

However, AFAICT, this is _optional_ (and also poorly documented, so probably also discouraged). You can choose not to submit your zip with a key.pem file, in which case I presume Google will use a more modern PKI approach on their backend. But they still don't give you the private key.

As an extension developer, the reason you want to upload the key.pem yourself is so you can know the extension ID before you publish it, which might be important if your extension contains code that references that ID (e.g. checking Origin of a postMessage is chrome-extension://{yourId}).

Disclaimer: I haven't published an extension, so this is based only on reverse engineering and reading the threads in the extension developers Google Group.

[0] https://itero.plasmo.com/tools/generate-keypairs
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Turn any website into an app with Chrome 124
This is exactly the point I was making. I personally don't care that this is how some people manage their chrome extensions. It's clever, and will help if the source suddenly changes. If there is a vulnerability in the version you've downloaded & keep installing, it'll never be fixed because no automatic updates. Plenty of examples of extension vulnerabilities in Chrome, but the stability of your plugins not auto updating is definitely appealing to avoid unexpected changes/behavior
Could you provide a single example to qualify your claim?
> Imagine saying something this wrong this confidently.

How is it wrong? Are you making a super-big deal that, say, TikTok has some US-registered LLC's or something?

What ultimately matters is who owns and controls it, and whose jurisdiction they're under.
> PS: Any idea why Microsoft 'needed' a special init system for WSL2 anyway? Full fat systemd systems boot in like 8 seconds anyway! WSL's imitators on macOS (e.g., Lima, Orbstack) work with regular Linux distros and just leave the init system intact.

My slightly educated guess would be on the point that in WSL2 distros, those do share the same running kernel, the same network stack and probably couple of other things under the hood (something about binfmt?).

From the product perspective, booting another instance (say I have Ubuntu 22.04 and 18.04 both available) in ~ 1 second, can be seen, and even proved with some A/B testing, as a huge advantage.

PS C:\Users\coolcold> wsl -t 'Ubuntu-18.04'
The operation completed successfully.
PS C:\Users\coolcold> wsl -l -v
NAME STATE VERSION
* Ubuntu-22.04 Running 2
Ubuntu-18.04 Stopped 2

PS C:\Users\coolcold> netsh wlan show interfaces|wsl -d 'Ubuntu-18.04' -- fgrep Mbps
Receive rate (Mbps) : 390
Transmit rate (Mbps) : 390

the call for `wsl` is almost instant even for stopped instance
also, put them next to the armrest like Mazda so you dont have to extend your arm to reach them
Don't even need a Baggu.
Single use bags aren't inherently single use, they are just cheap enough to throw away. No one prevents you from bringing a tight-packing lightweight "single use" bag back to the store to use again.
Wild, I was just thinking about how I wanted to do reflection on C structs using LuaJIT FFI for serialization.
Right, crucially cargo is in the box with your Rust compiler, you have to go out of your way to have just the actual Rust compiler but not cargo.

As with the lesson gofmt taught, you must supply the basic feature in the box. Humans are lazy, so if it doesn't come in the box only people who know they can't live without it will even bother, put it in the box and only people who can't live with it will remove it.
> The ‘network partitions are not optional’ interpretation of CAP is forgetting about the fact that non-distributed-systems are a thing.

Not only that, a weird network partition is highly rare and I have never seen it. In most of the cases, there is only one network and either the server is up and connected to "the" network or is not connected to the network. And I believe engineers have tendency to overengineer for this downtime and not thinking about much more probable ones.

I have asked many who says we need three nodes and three pods for each service minimum, and no one could answer why.
In this case, not necessarily. It's obviously designed to animate in a particular way. Why? Is it just for kicks, or is there a reason for it to animate as it's moving? Is it going to bounce back half-way through because the system realized you're not allowed to turn that thing on for example? I don't know, so I would wait for it to finish.

I admire the dedication to do this, but I find it superfluous when designing something I need to actually use. Great for a game, not so great for a page of checkbox thingies I need to set to the right values to make something else work correctly. I don't really want it to animate well, I want it to work fast and to be obvious what it does and how it works. It doesn't have to be pretty, unless being pretty helps make it more clear what's what.
but so many things work like this:

"global south" countries, i.e. former eruopean colonies have resources that get shipped to the industrialized north, things get industrially transformed and then sold back to the resource originating countries

this makes it easy to imagine that the food once grown using those pesticides may well get exported back to europe. so maybe it's eruopean corporations doing the pesticide importing, growing the food, exporting the food. that's why the blame is put in europe.

mining really does work like this, why not agriculture?
>After developing a loathing of political extremism of all sorts during the Spanish Civil War, Pujol decided to become a spy for Britain as a way to do something "for the good of humanity".

So he joined up with the British Empire just as it began carrying out a genocide in Bengal in 1943. The centrist brain is incredible
Weaponized incompetence.
Improved Case-Insensitive File Handling Coming to Linux 6.9
Disagree on latency, for certain classes of applications it really matters. Latency can be caused by a myriad of things, but if that thing is your means for cut over, you haven't failed to respond, you've failed to respond in a timely way. The telco space has strict latency requirements. If you have a failure which results in erratic behaviour on the network due to the database taking time to handle a node failure you aren't in a good place, it has a financial impact.

There are databases that can provide high consistency and availability.
That's certainly part of it, but the introduction of Bitcoin ETFs has played a huge role in this run as well.

> On March 5, when Bitcoin reached a new all-time high, the BlackRock ETF (IBIT) saw a record inflow of $788.3 million in a single day. This meant that BlackRock had to buy over 11,000 Bitcoins, which likely brought Bitcoin to its new high.

https://finance.yahoo.com/news/blackrocks-bitcoin-etf-breaks...
> One thing I would say is don't be tempted by rack mounted server gear.

That depends on the server. Super Micro makes some rackmount servers that are shallow enough for a network cabinet/wall-mount rack and fairly low power. They also have a real OOB mgmt system, which can be really helpful. https://www.supermicro.com/en/products/system/iot/1u/sys-510...

I agree that typical deep-rackmount servers are more trouble than they are worth for a home lab.
Looks like banned here in Canada, too. But only since December 2022.

https://www.canada.ca/en/health-canada/services/publications...
Streaming HTML
The missing type in the Go standard library: Date
I use nix btw.

I totally agree. It (nix and nixos) is/are such a pain so often. But, wow... when you get things to work it is glorious.

Quickly and easily syncing system/user/application configurations across multiple devices is incredible. The declarative approach means that the often laborious effort it takes me to get things to work pays off when I finally figure it out and realize I never have to do that again - and since it's declarative, I now have a documented functional configuration/example to grow and expand from.

My current project is to learn Nix development environments by building "Linux from Scatch" from Nix. I am making progress slowly, but every success is cemented and replicatable.

LLMs definitely help distill the sparse/scattered documentation, but I am finding a good amount of grit is still required.

All in all, I am very much enjoying Nix and hope to utilize it more in my homelab.
Can Large Language Models Reason and Plan?
Supporting the interface of graphql from the backend though is usually not very easy - you usually end up with a half baked database implementation that wraps a better database
One (which is now shut down) was a teen who set up a patreon for it and took it down when it was pointed out to him why that might be a mistake.

This one is problematic too because, how many people are actually "creating" code for this?

It will take months to see what ends up happening with these forks.
No, it's a polite way of saying "this is a low effort, poorly thought out way of hand waving valid concerns," which I would now extend to this comment. Your point isn't remarkably different, or even different in any substantive way.
Very true and likely, but it doesn't change the fact that blockchain would be a potential solution to this problem.
Every C discussion on the net always gets derailed by Rust proselytising.

No other language community does this to other language discussion. Even C++ fanatics didn't do this back when C++ was being sold as a C replacement.

This is an entirely new and somewhat sad, phenomenon: the need for the rust community to derail any and all discussion about some other language reeks of a community that feels threatened.
Just use bsdtar, which will convert a tar archive to cpio: https://unix.stackexchange.com/a/581014

I have used it to convert docker images to Linux bootable initramfs archives for Rpi4.
Thanks a lot! I was just trying to highlight the cool work that browsers do under the hood, but which wasn't very well-known. So I'm really glad that folks enjoyed the talk. :)
Not to mention in this example no crime even yet occurred.

OP...you should definitely report this to the FBI.

If you try to hire a hitman, the FBI will definitely investigate even though no crime has been committed.
> ...or having to manually put the system back together after a Ubuntu dist upgrade explodes.

I avoid this by running Gentoo Linux on my Linux machines. I've heard people say good things about Arch, but I've never used it.

Ubuntu is just bad... I say this as someone who used Ubuntu for a few years waaay back when (and was _really_ pleased that I finally could recommend a reliably, easy-to-use Linux distro to nontechnical folks), but swore off of it after the second or third in-place upgrade (in a row) that left my system nonfunctional in ways that required the sysadmin knowledge I'd gained from going through the well-documented Gentoo setup process (and from tinkering over the years) to repair.

Friends don't let friends use Ubuntu.
Oh man, I've tried using Ivy, but it's terrible. I tried typing '~/.c/r/r' to quickly get to my RetroArch config file, and I immediately got stuck in '~/.cache'. With Vertico it Just Works (R). Icomplete (whose vertical mode is part of Emacs now) can also do it, but I prefer Vertico's UX as the way Return and 'C-j' work in Icomplete is opposite to what I naturally expect and rebinding them doesn't work that well.
Same, moving the alpha cluster off-center drives me crazy not just in laptops, but also on desktop setups. It’s uncomfortable and awkward.

Not that people who like numpads shouldn’t also have the option, but it really should be an option. As a sibling comment notes, the Framework 16 does this but traditional laptops ought to do it too.

Larger laptops practically always have a numpad though. I think the last ~17” laptop I saw without one was the 17” MBP, which was discontinued over a decade ago.
It hadn't occurred to me that even a photo with the lens cap on still contains decent entropy, although it now seems somewhat obvious to me in hindsight after thinking about it.

I really enjoyed how this article covered a variety of different "hacker-spirit" things; real-world entropy into "digital-world" meaningful use cases, plus a whole extra "one more thing" timelock encryption example at the end.

As someone who uses Cloudflare Workers / Pages heavily these days whenever I can, it's quite fun to see both "how the sausage is made" as well as the culture (playfulness?) behind it. Kinda makes me want to go visit the Austin office since I'm local.

Kudos and thanks to the Cloudflare team for writing stuff like this up! One of the more enjoyable tech pieces I've read in the past couple of weeks, and I learned multiple things along the way.
I think I crossed some wires here, confusing encryption key with database (uuid) key. Let me try again.

Very briefly, a proper password store must not use plaintext. Rather it must use ( password + salt ) * hash.

Similarly, PII (name, MRN, etc) must also be salted and hashed.

What Translucent Databases adds is showing how to cleverly use those hashed values for common use cases. Like how to use hashed MRNs as indexes (keys) to other data such as lab results.

It takes some getting acquainted, but designing schemas will start being intuitive after a bit.
How about you take your crap to Truth Social or 4Chan now? And don't forget to take your meds, you need them.
I think, I don't know, that the modern day general understanding with that statement is "your partner finds this annoying."

I don't think it has anything to do with genders per se but is an old adage with any hobby.The historical implications do point to a bias in understanding of 'roles' but I'm more comfortable with the approach that instead of rephrasing old adages we become comfortable with the idea that our understanding of the specific adage has changed.

I think not changing the adage and instead focusing on the shift of understanding can also point to how much we grow as a society, and we can relish in our evolution of understanding as it pertains to historical beliefs.
I also met some nz government workers teaching ppl how to farm. They said most Mongolians weren’t interested in working with the dirt. Understandable given their long long history as nomads.
It looks like a helicopter.

It appears to generate lift using what they call rotors.

Seems like a multi-rotor helicopter.
Microsoft says Russian hackers breached its systems, accessed source code
Quick plug for the OpenStreetMap community, too. Online or in-person, there are so many active mapping groups. I started one in my city last year and it's been an awesome way to meet with like-minded folks and feel like we're making an impact on others' lives. Check out the OSM Community Index [0], or the (multilingual) Discourse [1], or feel free to reach out to me if you want to learn more about engaging with OSM!

[0] https://openstreetmap.community/

[1] https://community.openstreetmap.org/
Excellent website, I used it a lot when travelling in India.
Cloud Synced Chrome Sessions
Speed up PostgreSQL pgvector queries with indexes
Its just a matter of repetition. It will eventually click if you go back enough times (at least it did for me after like 4 tries). The biggest thing to getting your mind adjusted to the syntax is to understand that nix is just 1 big JSON blob. All the syntax is there to facilitate merging/updating that ball of JSON in a deterministic way.

You might try to generate your docker containers using nix as a first step. Not sure if it will be more approachable for you, but at least its 1 less new thing to adjust to.
There are indeed sometimes less than stellar comments, and some topics are more prone than others, those things are true. Yes people comment without reading sometimes, and yes people are contrarian sometimes. Sturgeon’s law apples independently to any group or site, regardless of the average quality there. But, it is clear the average quality on HN is much higher and not very comparable to Reddit.

That said, it’s not a good idea to make assumptions about behavior or why voting is happening, it lowers the overall quality of the discussion to state those assumptions or complain about comments, and it generally doesn’t work here to tersely acknowledge something to get upvotes. I don’t know what weaponizing downvotes means, but I haven’t seen much downvoting here that can’t be explained by comments being either wrong about something or rude about something.

In my experience, it does often help to patiently respond to contrarians without negative judgement and explain how and why you value good animation tricks, and what problems they solve. That will probably earn you upvotes much faster trying to repeat or agree with another comment.
> This is both a non-sequitur...

A reply could hardly be more ironic than this, even if you were trying.

Dang is well aware of my unusual perspective, and he too is not a fan afaict, but tends to "not be able to understand" simple unusually literal language when I explain.
That becomes clear when management says that hitting all of your goals actually means you weren't ambitious enough.
link: https://www.x-cmd.com
"I'm not that into Pokémon" works for pretty much anything.
Guy might be most reponsible for holding up Japanese soft power during the 90s
I actually did just that and setup my homelab with my "old" laptop [1].

[1] https://thin.computer/index.php/2024/03/08/self-hosting-my-s...
What's the difference with "absolute enable right click and copy"?

(https://chromewebstore.google.com/detail/absolute-enable-rig...)
And airliner engines, the old 737 for example, are even lower. That's why only ground crew approaches the aircraft, and that only after the engines stopped.
Tiktok is distributed exclusively through US-controlled app stores. If they've broken the law, tell the app stores to remove the app. Problem solved.
Replace with "partner" or "spouse"? Why is that not good enough?
This, and then you get to have a Mac Studio.

I have one, where I selected an M1 Ultra and 128G RAM to facilitate just this sort of thing. But in practice, I'm spending much more time using it to edit 4K video, and as a recording studio/to develop audio plugins on, and to livestream while doing these things.

Turns out it's good at these things, and since I have the LLAMA 70b language model at home and can run it directly unquantized (not at blinding speed, of course, but it'll run just fine), I'm naturally interested in learning how to fine tune it :)
I’m going through the NixOS journey right now, and it’s a combination of easier than I thought, but also more frustrating than it should be.

Getting a basic system going seemed about as easy as Arch (if you consider Arch easy). But adding flakes and home manager to the mix is where things have run off the rails a bit for me.

I think a lot of the steepness of the learning curve comes from trying to go all in on flakes/home manager up front, and a lot of the online discussions and quick starts being oriented towards this goal. I’ve since scaled back my aspirations a bit and I’m focusing on just understand core NixOS with a monolithic config file until it makes more sense to my brain.

If you haven’t get, check out vimjoyer’s channel on YouTube. His content has been the most helpful for me by far, and it got me a basic setup going that I’m now iterating on. What I do love is that I feel like I can iterate with confidence. I have no idea what I’m doing for the most part but I know I can get myself back to a working state.

I think it will be worth the time investment in the long run, but yeah, it’s been a bit weird and the lack of a canonical approach makes it hard to break into the ecosystem.
Somewhere on this site is a developer who thinks this is a good idea. Or whose boss thinks this is a good idea.

I'd love to hear a defense of this practice.
Let’s be honest how aware were British citizens of events in Bengal under wartime censorship?
Comparing 5 ways to implement Multihead Attention in PyTorch
imagine thinking lookup tables are innovative
I'm as far from an ordinary user as most readers here, but I have come to expect technology to suck these days. Because it mostly tends to. I suppose that whether or not a person thinks something sucks depends on what they value. Our industry often values things that are at odds with what users value, and make engineering tradeoffs that reflect that.
Meinolf Schneider in his Esprit and Oxyd games on the Atari ST used some creative sound chip programming in the 1980s to play arbitrary samples, also without a DAC. I found the source code for that published somewhere years later.

https://www.myabandonware.com/search/q/oxyd
StreetComplete is fabulous, and another surveying app worth mentioning is Every Door [0] which is specifically focused on updating business and other POI details.

[0] https://every-door.app/
Apache helicopters have a fixed wing. Granted their primary purpose is arms deployment, but it is shaped like a wing and everything, so it must provide _some_ lift (albeit small).
My personal experience with Apple Silicon and machine learning in comparison with Nvidia is that the libraries are often missing various features on Apple, leading to headaches when trying to use various libraries and tools. Apple is working to bridge the gap and I am excited for the gap to be closed because the memory bandwidth on big M2 and M3 machines is monstrous.
> Actually I think you should re-read my comment.

Ok, done. Still didn't see anything beyond assertions based on nothing but your own preference, and countering things I said without any support.

> Oh, sorry, I didn't realise I was talking to the world expert on button animations. So do users prefer quadratic or exponential smoothing on their switches?

Of course I didn't say I was the world expert in button animation, but I'm far beyond the age where I feel compelled to pretend random developers' uninformed opinions on design are as useful as mine. Lots of developers get really mad when people point out that that their software development expertise doesn't make them experts in all other fields, but that's a you problem.
Why not make the replacement term: "even reasonable people wouldn't object"?
The same reason stanley cups got super popular for a bit. Herd mentality and lack of regulation.

This is kind of the main use case for crypto. Fear and Greed
yeah was expecting/hoping for an electronics/hardware "lab" setup