skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
In the very, very early 1990's, I was on Prodigy, then later AOL. We were teens with lots of free time and being completely obsessed with Flight Simulator and aviation in general. One kid, Geoff, decided it would be fun to start a make believe airline. So, he was the "CEO" or whatever, and as I had extensive experiencing fiddling with aircraft "designs" in flight sim, I became the official aircraft designer. I think there were 3 or 4 of us, on the entire online community, doing this stuff at the time.

It quickly spread and got gained members, and eventually split into two over the usual online quibbles.

I am still amazed at the online virtual airline community and what's grown around it such as vatsim. It's one of the few things that I can say "I was there at the beginning!", and I'm super proud of it.
Show HN: Kalosm an embeddable framework for pre-trained models in Rust
Hi everyone, I'm happy to announce the release of Kalosm! [Kalosm](https://floneum.com/kalosm/) is a framework for embedded AI in rust.

## What is Kalosm?

Kalosm provides a simple interface for pre-trained language, audio, and image models models. To make it easy to use with these models in your application, Kalosm includes a set of integrations other systems like your database or documents.

```rust
use kalosm::language::*;

#[tokio::main]
async fn main() {
let mut model = Llama::new_chat();

let mut chat = Chat::builder(&mut model)
.with_system_prompt("The assistant will act like a pirate")
.build();

loop {
chat.add_message(prompt_input("\n> ").unwrap())
.await
.unwrap()
.to_std_out()
.await
.unwrap();
}

}
```

## What can you build with Kalosm?

Kalosm is designed to be a flexible and powerful tool for building AI into your applications. It is a great fit for any application that uses AI models to process sensitive information where local processing is important.

Here are a few examples of applications that are built with Kalosm:

- Floneum (https://floneum.com/): A local open source workflow editor and automation tool that uses Kalosm to provide natural language processing and other AI features.

- Kalosm Chat (https://github.com/floneum/kalosm-chat): A simple chat application that uses Kalosm to run quantized language models.

## Kalosm 0.2

The 0.2 release includes several new features and some performance improvements:

- Tasks and Agents

- Task Evaluation

- Prompt Auto-Tuning

- Regex Validation

- Surreal Database Integration

- RAG improvements

- Performance Improvements

- New Models

If you have any questions, feel free to ask them here, in the discord (https://discord.gg/dQdmhuB8q5) or on GitHub (https://github.com/floneum/floneum/tree/master/interfaces/ka...).

To get started with Kalosm, you can follow the quick start guide: https://floneum.com/kalosm/docs/
I never understood their desire to get into the automotive market as anything more than an electronics provider. It's an industry with very high barriers to entry, it's heavily regulated, and has geopolitical implications. Tesla got in on first mover advantage and a low interest rate environment. If I were an Apple shareholder I would have suggested they do practically anything else with the R&D cash.
> There is no universal algorithm for solving integral.

Not that I want to dispute this, but depending on what you meant, there is in fact such an algorithm: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Risch_algorithm

Though often it is not implemented because it is quite complex (its details covering two thick books) and many of the special cases it covers rarely crop up in the real world, so the effort isn't worth it.

The caveat of Risch's algorithm is that it only "works" if the function you are trying to integrate has an elementary antiderivative. Many of the problems that Mathematica can solve (but SymPy fails at) involved special (i.e. non-elementary) functions.
Think of it this way. If Google makes 300 billions per year scrapping 1 trillion webpages, how much money should it pay for each webpage it scraped?

There's a point in bulk scraping that the logistics of giving people real money for data makes no sense. The payout out be to small to waste time thinking about. And the fees of costs of paying anyone in the world would be higher than the actual amount being paid!

I'm not saying it's morally right, I'm saying the only way to be commercially successful is to try to get away with it.
If only Firefox on Android had keyboard shortcuts so that tablet + hardware keyboard would be a comfortable way to use Firefox. Argh.
Kernel avoids SIMD because it doesn't have a kernel keeping its registers coherent https://stackoverflow.com/a/46677815
You realize "deer recovery" means the deer has already been hunted and hit right? At best its in misery, at worst the misery ends in waste.
The Single-Node Kubernetes Showdown: minikube vs. kind vs. k3d
Just like from the surface of the Earth. The atmosphere doesn't really diminish the brightness that much.

So, while you should be careful including the sun in a photo from a camera, it really depends on the focal length and aperture of the lens used. Lenses with long focal lengths will create a larger sun image on the sensor leading to greater heating. The camera should automatically shrink the aperture when the sun appears in frame to adjust the brightness, but if it doesn't and the aperture is sufficiently large then you could end up with enough heating on the sensor to damage it. With a very wide-angle lens like the one used for this video, it's not likely to be a problem.
NASA's asteroid-impacting DART mission changed shape of its target
Its base64. Its not an encryption.
The problem here is that, if you can see the adverse effects on the public, you're too late. So you need to anticipate them. That's not an easy thing to do.
They’re left of Putin so I dunno what you’re talking about.

Putin is a fascist dictator and Navalny wanted democratic rule.
I disagree. They wouldn’t be murderers any more than Americans are.

You should think deep why you assume they are simply killers and not people with dignity who have been wronged by the murderous governments of saud and the us. And you should be asking if we are the ones that can be rehabilitated.
What's the maximum voltage in a GoPro? In some ranges of air pressure, if the voltage is sufficiently high a discharge could occur, perhaps shorting out something temporarily.
This was said with source code and binaries in mind. Source code is easy to verify, modify and rebuild. Binaries are in practice non-modifiable, non-verifyable except for costly reverse engineering.

Large models don’t work like that.

The only practical way to modify (finetune, lora, merge) a model is using its binary form. A source dataset may be interesting, but it’s non-modifiable and non-reproducible in practice due to training costs. Rebuild process is usually non-deterministic, so “verify” is basically not an option.

So technically true, practically complicated. Open weights and open dataset would be better terms.
My favorite counter measure is to say I have to drop and run to a different meeting. Please send me an email with the relevant points and state what you want.
> If everything is done with arrays and indices (apparently from looking at the code: (https://gitlab.collabora.com/dwlsalmeida/for-upstream/-/blob...) it seems like Rust's borrow checker doesn't really help at all

That's the Rust "secret" in many high-performance computing applications, like games. You write everything using arenas and handles, which effectively side-steps the borrow checker. Everyone sane has been doing that for decades in C and C++.

Obviously Rust has far better guarantees in general, but the pervasive usage of this borrow checker anti-pattern suggests that perhaps we need a more comprehensive way to guarantee memory safety.
actually Kurtzweil predicted 2030... back in 95... and the way AI is advancing, many people who thought it'd be closer to 2050-2060 are now in the "next 5 years" camp, unless there's some major roadblock we don't see... google's recent genie ai is pretty astounding and might be the first steps towards an actual real metaverse type technology being able to create digital worlds on call, or on the fly...

Self-driving cars never got here, because the issue was much harder than people planned, but AGI will solve even that, AGI means an AI that can do 150% of what a human can do - and better, Super AGI can do it 1 million things above and beyond and things we can't even fathom, as well as iterate on its own code to perfect itself even more every day or week...
Make sense...still impressive to have x10 more objects floating around in less than half a century.
What is a "mathematically perfect" orbit?
Federal government can run itself fine as long as congresspeople aren't staging stunt shutdowns. They owned a controlling share in GM from 2009–2013 to bring the company out of bankruptcy. They own the Tennessee Valley Authority which operates no better or worse than other utility companies. The Alaskan sovereign wealth fund owns hundreds of companies and properties throughout the US.

There isn’t a meaningful difference in competence or bureaucracy between a too-big-to-fail company the size of Boeing and a large state institution. The difference would be in who can set the org-wide incentives and goals. Clearly shareholders aren't interested in safety being one of the goals.
This is already known as https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/anecdata
a lot of people died in germany, the ussr, and the us making those rockets work. and in exchange for that we planted a flag there and have a handful of rocks in a glass viewing box.

move fast and break things worked real well for the folks who got literally creamed while they were viewing the titanic.
It does not sound dumb. Ideas like this crossed my mind and I had even put a playlist together too.

However, mindfulness and being present is a huge part of the practice. You get a lot more out of something if you are able to be more present during the boring parts than your consciousness leaving.
That's an operator. A map to the quotient.
I don't think it's fair that this is being downvoted. It's a valid take, even if one disagrees with it. Let's break down the original quote a bit:

> On the mountain the limestone shelves and climbs in ragged escarpments

There is a mountain with limestone. We are thrown by "shelves" because this is an unusual verb, making us feel uneasy. "Climbs" gives a personal sense to the mountain. Both imply, to me, a laborious nature to the scene. I behold in my mind's eye a mountain with true weight and scale, not just "a mountain".

> among the clutching roots of hickories, oaks and tulip poplars

"Clutching". Do trees clutch? Certainly they do. Do we think of them as clutching? Clutching implies an active and focused activity, as opposed to the normal sense in which we view trees as simply being "rooted" in an established way. "Clutching" is often momentary or done in an emergency/needed situation, so we immediately get a sense that these trees are on odd angles with an odd look to compensate for that.

> which even here brace themselves against the precarious declination

The trees are in a "precarious" situation. Are trees in danger? Sure. Though to me there is also a hint of personhood being implied here. Can plants be in danger? Sure. Who cares? Well, plants care. They accommodate the elements just like we do. Are plants different than us? Are we different than plants? Just what is "danger" in nature, as for us humans danger is very much tied with personhood. Is there a personhood in nature or behind nature?

> allowed them by the chance drop of a seed.

Ah, and then here we are amid all this "drama" of the tree on the hill when we remember it all began by the "chance dropping of a seed". How did all of these seed come from chance? Does that render it pointless? Is it pointless? How to chance and meaning interplay?

I'm not going to answer of the questions posed (though I have some personal beliefs/answers), but these are just the questions it all brings to mind.

To me McCarthy's writing brings the universe's embedded sense of deep meaning/purpose to the forefront and forces the reader to answer: does this matter? McCarthy does not provide an answer.
Perhaps more interesting than the ostensible subject of this article is the casual acceptance of planet-scale geoengineering as a likely near- to mid-term occurrence and starting to think through some potentially unanticipated side-effects.
To use, not to collect. And thermodynamics appears to say you can't just store it.

A stellar mass black hole might be an interesting "cold end" in this regard… if you can find or make one, but to do that you'd need to start with a Dyson swarm.
Your argument doesn't make that much sense to me when Kelvins, while 0=absolute 0, have the same magnitude as a degree Celsius. I.e. they're still based on water phase changes at 1 atm.
Sorry, I think you are thinking of something else. Maybe a railroad crossing (:-))

Joking aside, the https://www.waveform.com/tools/bufferbloat test looks to see if the networking software is working correctly by putting a large load on the network, and then seeing if other streams are affectec by the overload.

The example on the https://libreqos.io/ home page is of
* good software delivering 9 and 23 milliseconds down/up latency at full load
* bad software delivering 106 and 517 milleseconds latency under load.

It is, in effect, a test for software failure under load
Given what Klarna is, which is basically low friction financing taking advantage of people with bad impulse control^1, I suspect the LLM will do fine because like... what are you really doing here, as a Klarna customer service person anyway?

I'd imagine the lions share of their calls/chats consist of one of the following scenarios:

- Yes you do actually have to pay this payment

- Yes we can arrange to pay off the full balance immediately

- Some kind of potential fraud

- A problem with the ordered item, which gets redirected to the seller immediately

[1]: This is not a judgement on the people, to be clear. I think shit like Klarna is frankly disgusting and blatantly taking advantage of people susceptible to impulsive purchases.
with skimmed cards bought in disguise for cash from a local hotel receptionist, of course...

satoshi understood well that the centralised state-backed global payment systems are the strongest rivals to the true independence of a human being, so invention of bitcoin was an obvious move
Some of the new Suunto watches are bragging with 60 days battery life (with solar probably), but still. I only managed to get a little over two weeks out of mine.
The gasses get so hot they give off a lot of black body radiation. Heat shield is mostly beat up with infrared.

When the gases decompress they'll be a lot cooler, just like your AC.
https://ciechanow.ski/mechanical-watch/
It sounds a little similar to what some people experience in a sensory deprivation chamber. Some report seeing fantastic sights and sounds. Others like me, not so much. Felt like every other bout of insomnia.
> Copyright also happens to be opt-out. You have to explicitly say “this is not copyrighted” for copyright to stop applying.

This isn't possible under US copyright law. You can say "this is not copyrighted" all you want, but it's still copyrighted. The closest you can get to voluntarily putting something in the public domain is to refuse to take enforcement actions against violations of your copyright.
I have ChatGPT4, I have no idea what arrow you are talking about. Could you be more specific? I see now arrow on any of my previous messages or current ones.
To add on to the other replies, the thing missing there and in most (all?) cloud hosting services is a way to say "Never charge me more than X, no matter what." I think it is the thing that stops many a hobby project from starting.
Others have already made the same point in this thread. See my response here: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=39539508
You couldn't say that on Twitter? I'm skeptical. Did you try? If so, what happened? If you didn't try, you don't really know.
I used GPT to generate a sprite sheet, but getting the transparent backgrounds takes a little manual elbow grease.

Looking forward to an AI model that can cleanly remove backgrounds and jaggies from an image.
I've been using Linux for a loooong time. Sure, you notice trends, but it's still not clear cut what goes where. On my current system, /lib and /usr/lib both link to /lib64. So I guess the distinction between the three wasn't clear to someone else, either. Some configs are in /etc, some are in /var. Some third party stuff puts bins in /opt.
> it sounds like your organization has leadership problems

That's like saying "sounds like the Sun is going to rise tomorrow again". Most companies have leadership problems, it's kind of ingrained in Homo Sapiens to fight for a cozy position and then become a gatekeeper of their own mediocrity, to the detriment of their rulers.
Why would a random non-computer person know or care about that kind of internal detail? It's like asking people about random files in system32.
I think those 20 million would be better off having 10 years advance notice so they can wrap up their career, retool etc. I think they’d agree too.

The beauty of this is that they can decide for themselves with their votes and actions, but I think they’d take up pitchforks and arms if that 10 million were fired in a years time. I wouldn’t even blame them.
Yes. What they uncovered seems to be the fact that after boiling, even a 1-layer, relatively coarse filter (like a coffee filter) will get rid of them.

I'd like to understand if there's an advantage to boiling if I already use a filtered water pitcher (Brita or similar).
> You'll find various explanations, but the most compelling to me is "because you probably can't see what's behind the lit-up deer when you shoot very well". Good way to risk hitting something/someone.

Seems... dubious. If you can't see behind the deer while it's lit up, you certainly can't see what's behind it in pitch darkness. Presumably the eyeshine of other animals, or the reflective clothing / panicked shouts of another person behind the deer, would all stand out more in bright lighting.

> It was here, it seems.

Are you sure about that? There was no law per se against using drones to recover deer, so they had to cobble together 4 vaguely relevant statutes. And even the judge reprimanded the legislature for having such confusing, ambiguous laws on the books.

I believe this is still under appeal, so it may ultimately resolve in favor of the drone operator...
Niklaus Wirth, software developer who saw power in simplicity, dies at 89
Your point is as nonsensical as the user agent strings themselves.

It's not copy protection. It may change the structure and content of the page that is sent but that is not copy protection.
> if I try to translate that mental model on-the-fly into an explanation for others, it typically comes out as an incoherent jumble of loosely related phrases

In software engineering, I've found that this is very common. And if I look at what successful senior engineers have in common, it's that they've mastered a way to present complex technical information in a way that's easily understood. It's a super power.
> Happy Hour is static surge pricing.

Happy Hour is incentive pricing to try to get customers to come in earlier than normal.
When self-driving cars didn't materialize by 2020... I was thinking there's no way that prediction that 50% of jobs disappearing by the 2020's was going to become reality, then chatGPT showed up, and all the other generative AI's that already are replacing artists, designers, call center employees, etc... it's inevitable that we continue down this road, because that's what we do. There's no way we just say, whelp, i think we're done with AI, what's next ? ... Sticking your head in the sand hoping for something better, doesn't change the reality.
you're in luck! that's such a frequently asked question that kahan has written several papers about it, and there's a wikipedia page too: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Signed_zero
Off one hype train and onto the next.

In all honesty, I think local, LLM driven Siri would be a complete game changer and their efforts are much better spent here.
There are plenty of great free resources, and the official one should always be something you're at least somewhat familiar with:

https://www.faa.gov/air_traffic/publications/atpubs/aim_html...

But if you're willing to spend a little money for some organized material, this is a good reference:

https://pilotworkshop.com/products/vfr-communication/

If you're not ready for VATSIM:

https://arsim.ai/

A good progression could be something like:

- study FAR/AIM and the above Pilot Workshops books for some specific scenarios
- sit in a chair and pretend you're doing radio comms for those same scenarios, and just practice saying out loud your parts as if you were really in that situation
- run through the scenarios with ARSim (this helps you get used to parsing the incoming info)
- https://www.liveatc.net/ - listen to real world conversations, and try to anticipate what info will be given and what responses will be expected
- VATSIM and/or https://www.pilotedge.net/
- get up in the air and talk to real ATC

If you do the above steps, by the time you get to the last one, you might fumble it a little at first but otherwise you'll do ok, and you'll be head and shoulders over many, many other pilots out there.
How did you get started? Also what is the average length of your stories? Do you focus on a specific genre?

I've been interested in writing for ages but I'm such a perfectionist.
Yup, any astrological phenomenon seems to attract clouds here. The red arrows too.
I generally agree, the only problem, especially for libraries, is that copyleft licenses tend to be incompatible. So e.g. you can't transfer code between GPL2-only and GPL3-only projects.
I'm a big proponent of choosing the right tool for the job at hand. On the other hand, I'm a big opponent of throwing stones because of emotions.

C/C++ can be made memory safe. You need to use a couple of data structures and need to be a little bit more vigilant and make periodic tests. If the developers can't bother to learn them, that's fine.

However, saying something is impossible and being adamant about that without research is harmful as it is. I sometimes say things about Rust, people correct me, and I learn. Some people see the evidence contrary to their beliefs and get triggered because they were wrong in the first place. This is what I'm bothered about.

I don't use C or C++ only. I'm not against Rust either. I'm against positioning of Rust and C/C++ from Rust community's perspective. That's all.

Lastly, I'm not a proponent of reckless coding either. Totally contrary. I take pride in writing robust code. However, I want to be able to write code which breaks on purpose to see what hardware does, to understand the failure modes or gotchas of the architecture I'm running on.
The app is great but honestly I'm impressed with the home page! Can you go into more details on how you made the home page? What did you use to make the screenshots, and are you using any tools to generate the HTML/CSS/etc?
This reminds me a little of the original idea of a new winfs for longhorn from Microsoft except this seems like something that may become useful someday. Some interesting ideas...though shared object dependencies may be a problem...though I didn't take a very close look at they handle this. Perhaps all shared resources go into a specific location? Or perhaps everything is statically compiled? dunno ... anyway there is a reason behind our lovely file system mess. Kind of reminds me of https://www.joelonsoftware.com/2000/04/06/things-you-should-... though in open source land you definitely can take a risk like this.
> Why is "growing" always the goal? Why not go on sustaining?

We're talking about a nascent field. Sustaining means holding the status quo while others lap you in capability and cost.