skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
> While commodities such as corn, wheat, coffee beans and chicken have gotten cheaper, prices for sugar, beef and french fries are still high or rising.

Are french fries a commodity?

For non-economists to try and understand the actual differences between rising supply costs vs. profit seeking (or "growth" by simply raising prices), weird metric mixing makes it harder.
HuggingFace launches open source AI assistant maker to rival OpenAI's custom GPT
Following as I am interested to hear what people propose.

This isn't a solution to your question but I used to change countries a lot and did the following:

UK number: for my whatsapp + OTPs for all my UK stuff

Local sim: for data, calls and texts (I kept my whatsapp number to my UK one initially but it got tiresome telling local people my international number so I ended up just moving my whatsapp to the local number each time and keeping my UK number on a Nokia burner phone for OTPs - it's pretty easy to switch number on whatsapp these days and ensuring everyone gets updated)

International numbers outside of UK & local: I used to have numbers for other countries via Skype e.g. US where a landline/local number was useful when applying for jobs

I never had any need for OTP on non-local/UK numbers, nor desired to use them for other stuff so it worked quite well for me but as mentioned doesn't offer much in relation to your question

Hope you find a solution
>The new, free product offering allows users of Hugging Chat, the startup’s open source alternative to OpenAI’s ChatGPT, to easily create their own customized AI chatbots with specific capabilities, similar both in functionality and intention to OpenAI’s custom GPT Builder
You've just defined the day where I build a fucking Faraday cage around my TV.

You don't understand the level of "Fuck these people and their invasive shit" that I'm will to go to.. lol
Is that even true? I feel like a lot of unhealthy foods are easy to eat with your hands, and a lot of healthy foods are hard to eat without a fork or a spoon
Getting it critical is a long way from the worst thing you can do with access to one or more SMR.

However, nobody is going to be using these things individually. You still need a steam turbine, and cooling tower etc. So the general assumption is people will be using 10+ of these things and the added complexity would be offset by economies of scale.
Until it was finally diagnosed in my 30s, my entire life had been a complete disaster. After starting treatment, I was finally able to start a career in programming, something that had been impossible for me despite trying repeatedly in the 15 years prior in any field at all (including programming).

ADHD is the worst thing that's ever happened to me.
This is the bit that always made me laugh:

At this point, the researchers also realized that the heat could inadvertently melt the adhesive cellophane and cause the flaming SPTs to suddenly eject from the toaster. Unfortunately, this did not occur.
Maybe it's legitimate, but this story got ramped off the front page of HN faster than I could send it to a few folks.
>"Using conventional techniques, this can take over a year, but Sheffield Forgemasters have reduced this to under a day using what is called Local Electron-Beam Welding (LEBW) to complete four thick, nuclear-grade welds.

LEBW is a revolutionary method to weld two pieces of metal together using a high-energy density fusion process centered on a high-powered electron gun operating in a local vacuum. This melts and fuses components to one another and allows for an efficiency of 95%, deep penetration, and a high depth-to-width ratio."

Never heard about this before... let's learn more about it!:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electron-beam_welding

Apparently you first need a vaccuum chamber to prevent energy dissipation... that sounds about right...

But then we find this interesting quote:

>"Magnetic lenses can shape the beam into a narrow cone and focus to a small diameter. This allows for a high power density on the surface to be welded."

Now that's super-cool!

(Or, well, super-hot -- as the case may be! :-) )

Then there's this:

>"The beam can then be redirected to meet the needs of applications beyond welding such as surface hardening, annealing, exact beam positioning, imaging, and engraving. Resolution of 0.1 mm can be achieved."

Now that is truly useful!

It seems like this would be an excellent technology for creating future space stations, spaceships and other deep-space vehicles, of one form or another...

Anyway, great article!
Just use breeder reactors.

Somebody repurposing the plutonium? No. Plutonium is not plutonium. For a bomb you need Pu-239. The more Pu-240 in your material the harder it is to slam the pieces together fast enough to avoid a premature chain reaction from robbing your bomb of most of it's power.

For both bomb-making and fuel breeding the desired reaction is U-238 + n => U-239, decays to Np-239, decays to Pu-239. There is also the reaction Pu-239 + n => Pu-240. The power guys don't care, Pu-240 works fine. The bomb guys do care. Thus the power guys leave the fuel in the reactor until too much neutron poison builds up. The bomb guys leave the fuel in the reactor only a short time.
Which implies most humans calling any form of customer service should probably have a local audio recording, because otherwise you're in a lopsided witness situation. Don't want there to be a recording? That call just happened to not be recorded. Notably, this is getting difficult anyway with how easy it is to manufacture vocal data.
> accomplished anything meaningful in terms of enforcing actual norms of behavior?

Point being that the norm in question would be "not having the war".
https://www.afterbabel.com/
The limitation is the amount of model you can fit on your hardware, and also sometimes information about one domain can incorrectly introduce biases in another which are very hard to fix, so training on one domain only will produce much better results.
The repo also links to a non-paywalled version of the paper:

https://rdcu.be/dy2Go
Yep. I don't know anything about car theft outside of where I live (Seattle), so its not even generalizable to the rest of the states, and I'm commenting specifically on Kia Boyz car thefts...I'm sure Seattle has actual car thieves who are stealing cars to sell them off and not just cause general very visible chaos. Although statistics show most stolen cars are recovered here in Seattle:

https://www.seattle.gov/police/crime-prevention/vehicle-thef....

86%.

> The vast majority of auto thefts are committed by criminals looking for temporary transportation. Thus, most vehicles are recovered within a few weeks to a month and with relatively little damage. Very few vehicles are stolen for parts.

Nearby Vancouver, at least, tracks Seattle:

https://www.ufv.ca/media/assets/ccjr/reports-and-publication...

> It should be noted, however, that British Columbia also had the highest rate of recoveries of stolen cars (91 per cent) compared to the national average (73 per cent) (Fleming, Brantingham, & Brantingham, 1994).

That data might be outdated though.
Indeed, MacPorts has over 36,000. Homebrew doesn’t list an official number and I’m not at my computer to check myself, but the count was under 5,000 as of 2019: https://apple.stackexchange.com/questions/324084/how-can-i-d...
Fritos too!
There is work ongoing to animate gaussians:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C4IT1gnkaF0 D3GA: Drivable 3D Gaussian Avatars

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=q5hHZrRUV-k Animatable Gaussians: Learning Pose-dependent Gaussian Maps for High-fidelity Human Avatar Modeling
There's a really fun toy example of genetic algorithms that uses this compact representation of tictactoe gamestate (encoding each game into a concatenated list of ternary states, of which there are 19,682 possible values if completely unoptimized):

Consider a "genome" for a tictactoe player to be a 19,682-long array that holds "next moves" at each slot in the array. For any given gamestate, look up the player's next move via their genome.

Randomize genomes originally. Make tons of them. Compete w/ each other, then play around with all sorts of fun mating/mutation strategies for swapping different moves between genomes.

Fun to see a perfect tictactoe player evolve, super approachable toy example.
The board approached the Anthropic CEO (Dario Amodei) and proposed a merger with him as CEO. Possibly because he presents as safety conscious. He declined.
You might enjoy the binaural beats and ambient radio on https://ambiph.one as a free alternative (disclosure: it's my site). Not as science-y as brain.fm but it helps me a lot with focus
CFO: "Don't care; line went up."
This is a great example of how you can trade time for space. There’s no reason you couldn’t do the same thing for chess, except it would take, er, quite a bit of disk space…
zoom was successful before the pandemic. They grew, as did a lot of online services, but they were already established as a major player in that field by that time.
Kicking Ass with display:table (2014)
Viking Link, the 765 km HVDC (VSC-based) link rated at 1400 MW between England and Denmark has a rated loss at 3.7% [0].

[0] https://www.viking-link.com/auction-faqs
> There's no such thing as a secure system

Nobody's demanding that auto manufacturers build a secure system, we are just expecting them to meet an incredibly low bar of security.

The manufacturers in question, unlike their peers, have failed to clear it.
Of all the very very very many things that Google models get wrong, not understanding nationality and skin tone distributions seems to be a very weird one to focus on.

Why are there three links to this question? And why are people so upset over it? Very odd, seems like it is mostly driven by political rage.
Arthur Mensch, the Mistral CEO, confirmed the leak. https://twitter.com/arthurmensch/status/1752737462663684344
I find the introductory sentence fascinating:

> Today I am here to tell you that the West is in danger; it is in danger because those who are supposed to defend the values of the West find themselves co-opted by a vision of the world that -- inexorably -- leads to socialism, and consequently to poverty.

Why is that fascinating? Because that's pretty much the gist of Hayek's best-seller The road to serfdom that he wrote in 1944 to warn the world about the misery that the New Deal and Welfare State was going to unleash upon the world.

Yes, you read that right: some reactionary dude leaning on edgy economics wrote a pamphlet in the 40s to warn us about what latter turned out to be the most prosperous period of economic growth the Western World has ever witnessed in history, and despite the incredible forecasting failure of Hayek's prophecy, for some reason it still sounds cool to some people…
This arrogant vacuum is going to get checked by society.
Well, as you are here, I would say, anything online :) Build side hustle for example :) Now you have enough time :)
this is absolutely impressive, but target is in no way representative of the avg. level of surveillance/LP tech in retail. they are notorious for being at the leading edge of technology and dedication. Their forensics actually did contract govt work at some point in time.
This is true about most diagnostic criteria, which is why medical students think they have all the illnesses before they get experience with people who actually have them. Its just very difficult to use words with sufficient precision to capture the bits that are, somehow, more obvious once experienced.
> Who the heck is PG&E

For many people this is the power company. If you want electricity, you go through them. Needing to use specific browsers to get basic services is an accessibility problem.
A traditional car key can be trivially duplicated at any hardware store. That's the difference. You can make as many spares as you want for a couple bucks a pop. No dependencies. No network.
I agree ;) tho I think it’s unfair to blame the Americans, the Brits brewed up capitalism as revenge for their weather
So, some tech like that is used in Banknotes, although the specifics are often covered under extremely strict NDAs. Companies that offer these NDAs around often offer product that watermarks in non-visible spectra, so you might infer they do something similar in the central banking space. It's a fairly patent-heavy field; I wouldn't be surprised if your work is covered at least in part by industry patents. If you have the patents still, I'd probably try and market them to companies like Kurz which have built large profitable businesses doing security layers for printed goods, among many other things.

As you note, inks are a big deal, and control of inks and the ink supply chain can be a big deal.

I put a bunch of money into Noteworthy a few years ago, which successfully embedded ARM chips into banknotes, the proposal being that you could at-note security with challenge/response over NFC. Noteworthy picked Bitcoin notes as a first product/demo tech. They work, it's very cool tech, and, shockingly, the chip embedding part of the tech stack isn't even the most expensive part of making a banknote.

I also invested in a company looking at drug supply chains in low-data areas, which just used SMS-based single authentication checks (great idea -- didn't pan out), a company embedding chips in sneakers (great idea -- this one works, but it's not clear if it matters for mid-tier large issuance sneakers), ...

I spent the most time with Noteworthy, and learned the banknote folks think of authentication in three tiers: individual (e.g. can you or a checkout person at a gas-station tell a note is fake), retail (e.g. can a bank teller tell a note is fake), and redacted, (e.g. can Treasury tell a note is fake). This multi-tier approach is practical and sensible to me; in brief, the farther up the chain, the more power you can bring to bear on determining a fake, and the longer you can take.

I think the same dynamics are there in a lot of consumer goods -- and the upshot is that, at least in the states with consumer goods, people mostly want to / need to trust their supply chains; it's very rare anyone is going to even take a picture of something with their phone to check its authenticity.
What kind of "drugs" are you alluding to?
They are an electric provider in the United States. I last dealt with them while in California.
Kindergarten Quantum Mechanics [pdf]
What does tech pay in Australia? AU$80/hour = AU$160K/year which I think is ~US$110K/year. Big Tech TC starts at about $200K/year for straight out of college and quickly goes up to around $450K/year by mid-career. Plus you don't need to do physical labor or risk your health hauling stuff.

I think construction is an underrated profession by a lot of folks in the U.S, but it doesn't really compare to software for effort vs. reward. It's a favorable alternative for folks who would otherwise work retail or push paper around in non-tech office jobs.
AI behavior guardrails should be public
I guess Firefox just isn't hexavalent enough for PG&E.
I don't doubt that you find it difficult, I am just saying that I never had any problems migrating to Swift 5. That's why I offered help, and because I am genuinely curious what it was that you found so overwhelming.
My amateur take on this:

This paper makes me think of the underlying premise of perceptrons -- the universal approximation theorem -- which states that a neural network of simple perceptrons can be combined to approximate most any mathematical equation with reasonable accuracy. At least, I hope that's a reasonable approximation of what it says. :)

Even though real-life biological neurons are much more complex (and some can perform complex operations like XOR operations in a single node), a regular perception cannot produce XOR by itself.

But combine a bunch of perceptrons together across a few layers, and you can not only perform XOR with a neural network, but pretty much any mathematical equation.

This paper makes me think that they're attempting to go the reverse direction with it -- after training a neural network to model a quadratic formula or something -- can we then go backwards and approximate the neural network's behavior with a discrete math equation?

This is a fascinating idea, and if it works, would send us a LONG way towards building interpretable AI!
Sorry I had very little spare time to write that comment and communicated pourly what I had in mind. Let me rephrase it:

When I hear arguments against legalized abortion from religious people their argumentation is basing that women will "have to perform it" what is of course very false.

They are ignoring fact that because something is legal it only means that people can do it but they are still able to decide that it's against their belives and resign from doing that procedure.

In my country they passed laws that forbid such procedures unconditionally even if that means that women might not survive it.
So we had cases when women and unborn died because they could not remove deformed unborn.
I thought the point of the article (actual working implementations) was fairly obvious, and I'm sorry to see people miss it!
You can't make a local model do that. eg force the answer to begin with "Yes" or use control vectors so it agrees with it.
Using raw median income is pointless when comparing work life quality. GDP PPP is simply a better measure though imperfect.

AMD sold their fabs for a variety of reasons including loss of design leadership to Intel Core designs, huge debt load from overpaying (at the time) for ATI, loss of node leadership, financial strain that almost led to full bankruptcy, trend towards fab cost needing multiple customers to profit, and a focus on chip design.

Further more, your point about chip nodes racing towards the bottom does not support why Intel chose to keep its fabs and won until they got stuck on 14nm.

It’s weird how you describe advanced chip manufacturing as a commodity when there is only one company in the world capable of producing 3nm chips at scale and make a profit. Furthermore, TSMC is worth more than AMD, Intel, and ARM combined. Up until recently, it was the most valuable company in the semiconductor industry before the Nvidia run.

The logical conclusion is that advanced chip design takes a tremendous amount of skill and is not a commodity. Arguably, chip design is more of a commodity in 2024 since many vendors are capable of producing fast CPUs, GPUs, NPUs, SoCs, network chips, etc.
And one of the core questions to be answered when prescribing how and when the government can restrict your rights is "which is the worse outcome for society as a whole?"

The question of abortion really crystallizes this question perfectly for me: Which is worse? That a small number of people use infanticide in lieu of pro-active birth control? Or that a small number of people are forced to carry a nonviable pregnancy to term (even at the cost of their own life), or carry and raise a reminder of their rape (up to and including providing visitation/custody to their rapist)?

There's a reason this is so controversial, and its because people (rightly) can't agree on which outcome society must necessarily be an accessory to.
PG&E is Pacific Gas and Electric. It provides utility services to tens of millions of people. They’re one of, if not the biggest single utility companies in the country.

It’s not like MomNPop, LLC.
I read this view as: it’s fine to steal a car without an immobilizer. That’s an insane take (and why we can’t have nice things).

Meanwhile other modern countries (albeit with much stricter law enforcement and a more unified value system) can operate with 0.1% of the equivalent crime and that’s not what we aspire to. Instead we want to blame the manufacturer who must have certainly enticed antisocial, destructive behavior. What an awful and poisonous worldview.
that's perfect, isn't it? btw, I just fixed it. I'm sorry about that, we've hit some limits but now I increased it and we are good to go
"Don't worry, though... Regardless of your browser choice, we'll still hijack 'alt+back_arrow' to show you supported browsers instead of navigating to the previous page."

That'll teach me to try to eat leftover bbq with my primary hand while using the other to browse HN over lunch.
It's ridiculous both iOS and Android largely have no way to record calls/try to prevent it, especially when some of us live in jurisdictions where we are well within our legal rights do to that very thing.
I've lived all over the US. Why are utility company websites SO BAD? All of them are terrible.
Eh it's been a decline approaching about 3% and staying around there for years now.
The people posting and upvoting likely see it as the possible start of a trend.
... One of the largest utility companies in the US and part of the S&P500?
Hi! This is such an exciting release. Congratulations!

I work on Ollama and used the provided GGUF files to quantize the model. As mentioned by a few people here, the 4-bit integer quantized models (which Ollama defaults to) seem to have strange output with non-existent words and funny use of whitespace.

Do you have a link /reference as to how the models were converted to GGUF format? And is it expected that quantizing the models might cause this issue?

Thanks so much!
for me the issue us flipper team itself, not a device. they are ruzzianz, buying this device directly or indirectly supports criminal regime
I just tried that prompt and it told me it couldn't generate that image. I get that response a lot.
PG&E is a huge utility company in northern california.
I have to say, Germany doesn't surprise me too much there. The culture in general is in favor of strict rule of law and heavy regulation. I don't mean that disparagingly at all to be clear, that isn't my cup of tea but I don't live there and really don't mind at all how another culture or society prefers to run things.

Switzerland surprises me a bit there though. Presumably the people approved that, I had a Swiss friend while living in the Netherlands and was surprised by how frequently they vote on seemingly minor regulations. I very much appreciate it honestly, both as a much more democratic system and as a way of making sure the government is both slower moving and checked by the people. I have to assume the Swiss voted to allow such a regulation, curious if you know more about how that was actually legislated though.
Target is known for having forensics labs (which they sometimes loan out to law enforcement) and sophisticated surveillance.

https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/2006/01/29/r...

https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2017/04/csi-w...
Boeing ousts 737 MAX chief
> I pay

You just showed up body, I ain't talking about you.

> I'll be expecting that check in the mail.

Please do so. And keep standing up. So you won't fall asleep and miss it.
> It's really perplexing that no one including the Chinese are trying to disrupt this industry

No point.

1) Low volumes

These things never really go obsolete and the replacement rates are abysmal.

2) Race to the bottom

Once you disrupt it, everybody sees that you disrupted it, and everybody clones you and piles in.

Customer support is the only differentiator. To fund that, you have to charge north of $10K per unit--generally north of $25K.

Tektronix found this out the hard way with their real time spectrum analyzers. It was a nice disruption at the $5K point. Lots of people bought them. Then demand dropped like a rock because everybody who needed one bought one. And because the revenue crashed Tektronix laid off the development group--who are also the same people you need for advanced customer support.
> The training token count is tripled (6T vs. Llama2's 2T)

Damn, 6T? That's a lot!

Given that this model seems to roughly match Mistral (according to the numbers from Google), this makes me think we have saturated the 7B parameter space, and couldn't possibly make it much better unless new techniques are discovered.
How to Use NotebookLM (Google's New AI Tool) [video]