skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
It's not "any" economic good, it's any "fungible" economic good. The first line of your linked wikipedia article: In economics, a commodity is an economic good, usually a resource, that specifically has full or substantial _fungibility_: that is, the market treats instances of the good as equivalent or nearly so with _no regard to who produced them_. (Emphasis mine)

That's the definition everyone in economics uses and NVIDIA has never fit that definition. NVIDIA GPUs are not fungible. Intel and ATI GPUs are not replacements as far as AI is concerned. There are zero substitutions. They are not commodities, they are differentiated goods that no one else can produce.

> Having a monopoly doesn't mean the product itself isn't a commodity. De Beers has a monopoly on diamonds, but I'd expect diamonds to fit into most people's definition of a commodity.

Yes because the definition of a commodity is fungibility not the number of vendors. You can go online to Alibaba now and buy a bag of synthetic diamonds that are perfect replacement for mined diamonds. De Beers never really had a monopoly, they just controlled the market for consumer diamonds until the 80s.

NVIDIA has a monopoly because its product is not a commodity.
https://www.clearlypayments.com/blog/interchange-fees-by-cou...

"If your business wants to accept credit cards, you’ll need to pay a fee. Interchange makes up the bulk of that cost which merchants pay, roughly 75% it."

It makes sense that people are focusing on the interchange fees.

I have not found a single source that indicates European merchants have fees that are comparable in scale to their North American counterparts. If you want to make that argument, you should find an actual source.

> Do North American consumers/merchants pay less in processing fees overall than European/Asian counterparts or is it roughly 1-3% all over the world?

The answer seems to be the opposite. North American merchants pay more.
It doesn't "hallucinate." It provides incorrect output. That is all.
let p: Box<X> = Box::new(X { ... });

let x2 = X { ... };

// Moves x2 into the same memory as the first X.
// The first X is automatically dropped as part of this assignment.
// Also consumes x2 so x2 is not available any more.
*p = x2;

// Drops the X that was originally assigned to x2 and then moved into p.
drop(p);

// No need, nor is it possible, to destroy x2.
That's a wonderful nostalgia trip but the sounds are slightly different from what I recall. Perhaps the shape of my beige case caused different sounds.
Jeff heyday, in terms of media attention, was twenty years ago; you shouldn't blame people for not recognizing him.
May I suggest giving Trilium notes a try? It's like opensource obsidian plus typed notes plus self hostable sync plus a web frontend for places where you can't install it.
> Knowing what area the model is "looking at" is virtually meaningless if you don't know what it's looking at. We already knew it was looking at the brain so is it turtles all the way down?

Huh?

I’m not sure what you are saying here.

If there’s some subset of the pixels or whatever which the models predictions depend on more than the others, then, it depends on those more than it depends on the others.

Obviously it would be using the data it is given. That, doesn’t mean that looking into “what part of the data that it is given, is it using?” not meaningful.
The same companies that argue against rate limits also oppose rules that require the terms to be explained in writing in a way a high school dropout would understand (eg how much would you pay in total if you take 3/6/9/12 months to repay). And in a normal font size.
Came for this. Shovel sellers have a guaranteed ROI which is lower than the speculative high but far higher than the vast majority of returns to find gold.

NVIDIA make bank for every single failed AI venture, if they buy their chips.
This illustrates well that you don't need another productivity app - you just need a basic tool and discipline.

This also generalizes to other domains.
Maybe the VC owned ones.
Pretty insane for a "non-profit".

Yes, I know the non-profit owns the for-profit, but it's all clearly a cleverly (?) designed Trojan horse and smoke and mirrors to pump and dump like every other startup.
The steam wrapper is an optional step the developer can apply (and it does not come by default, and is even a little bit of a pain to setup). Many steam games do not do this, so they can be launched without steam open.

So it's essentially left up to the developer just as an extra protection measure.
I ran a BBS off an 80mb (huge!) drive with bad sticktion back in the day. Worked great because it never spun down by being on for the BBS, so mostly avoided clanging platters. It made a lot of unholy noises. Things kids today will never understand.
This is a recent uptick in enforcement actions.

Meanwhile, TicketMaster/LiveNation/(scalping thing) has demonstrated a textbook consumer-harming monopoly for DECADES with impunity. DECADES.

And politicians and agencies wave hands over "inflation" while the four U.S. meat producers report 90% profit increases (after whining about a "labor shortage"). NINETY PERCENT increases.

Corporate toadies in Congress sit back and pretend that the Fed's feckless interest-rate hikes are all we can do. Disgusting.
"Hallucination" is a widely understood and accepted term in the LLM industry. If you want to change that, replying to my comment doesn't seem to be the most effective place to start. I don't know that it's the best term, but it seems better than re-explaining the issue in detail every time.

"Incorrect output" is broader, encompassing other failure modes. If you ask an LLM to respond in JSON with a list of common foods, and it instead writes a paragraph of text that contains a list of common foods, then that would not qualify as a "hallucination" by my understanding of the accepted definition, but it is still "incorrect output".
Why do you feel they deserve that? For making the Internet even more of a wasteland of automated junk?
Google also had a "Cores That Don't Count" paper on so-called "mercurial cores" https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=27378624
as well as a presentation https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QMF3rqhjYuM
Existing would be the bigger surprise. We've ruled out anything of Earth's mass out to distances of 100 AU and Jupiter's mass to 1000 AU, since those would be visible to telescopic searches and have measurable gravitational effects on known objects that we don't see from observation. It's almost certain that there's nothing that would meet the "clearing the neighborhood" definition of a planet. At most there would be more dwarf planets on the size order of Pluto and Eris and Quaoar, which are common, but those are each comparatively tiny, like 0.2% of Earth's mass.

The article says "78% of places have been searched"... but that's a really weirdly imprecise way of saying that. What are "places" here? Like, the sphere out to 100 AU is 78% of the volume out to 120 AU... but that makes no sense, the possible locations go out to 1000 AU or more.

There are indeed lots of claims of some evidence for another planet existing... but all those claims are different with no consensus, and it's largely fairly specious proposals trying to get some funding.
I don’t understand who the audience is for 4K up scales. I’ve never seen one that looks better than the original resolution, and any halfway decent screen will be able to match your content’s resolution and framerate. I consider myself a quality-enthusiast when it comes to media and I won’t touch something upscaled. Some stuff was meant to be seen in SD.
I think I'm on your side because it's possible for anyone to understand how interest works and make these judgements themselves.

But a lot of people just straight up don't understand interest (despite it being within their capabilities) and e.g. make minimum payments on their loans and complain when the balance goes up. A particularly egregious case (because the people in question are educated) is when people make minimum payments on student loans and don't seem to understand why the balance is increasing.
I think this is precisely why this topic is coming up now, the interest on the debt has spiked recently due to higher interest rates. It was bad in the past decade, but not too bad due to a low-interest rate environment, but unsustainable with a higher interest rate environment.
Capital One is buying Discover in a $35.3B deal
Investors are the ones fleecing everybody. They have turned startups into pump and dump schemes.
I’m not sure it requires studying, but it isn’t easy and it definetly requires practice.

You need to write incredibly detailed descriptions as to how the agents should behave, how they should reason and how they should use the tools available to them.

The language is quite esoteric, and every model behaves differently.
I think Coral has been taken to the wooden shed out back. Nothing new out of them for years sadly
I would not say that OpenAI is all that far ahead of the competition. I would not count Google out, and I would be willing to bet that OpenAI/Microsoft + Google will be the duopoly of the AI age.

At this point Gemini is as good as GPT4 (and anecdotally I think it's better at many coding assistance tasks, based on my experiments on the LMSys chatbot arena). Sora is getting a lot of press for text-to-video, but Google's Lumiere has already been out for a few weeks and produces pretty good results.

I have no doubt that OpenAI has been cooking things up. GPT-4 is an older model which others are only just catching up to now. They have an A+ team, a giant war chest, and a lot of momentum. But just because they have momentum does not mean that they have a moat.

I'd be willing to wager that the top-of-the-line foundational models are going to converge and become indistinguishable for almost all tasks. Even the open foundation models (e.g. Mixtral) are getting really good. Foundation models are not moats.

The players that have moats are Microsoft (with deep enterprise software & B2B expertise, allowing them to sell AI-powered software & ward off competition from upstarts) and Google (where their decade of investment into custom silicon allows them to train & run inference for cheaper than anyone else, by far).
even though most of the listings are quite clear that you need to connect two ports at each end of the connection.

That one even sells them in pairs, but it certainly doesn't help that actual 3-port switches are also available in a similar form factor.
Which is still just downstream from VSCode and suffers as a result (eg Remote stuff not available officially for example).

PS I do use VScodium, and am glad it's there as an alternative and a developing ecosystem of extensions.. I still always feel the shadow of MS when using it. Kindof like using Chromium as opposed to Chrome.

Second edit: I mainly use another editor but sometimes VSCode things are nice so VSCodium is there for me
For 24 bits?
Ah I got it to work for two movies :)
They also call a lot of things antisemitic because they are antisemitic. The notion that Israel is an ethnically Euro-American colony is antisemitic (and racist), erasing the MENA origins of a plurality of its citizens. The notion that Jewish Americans are untrustworthy interlocutors because they have duel loyalties is antisemitic. Calls to "decolonize" Israel and to "globalize the Intifadah" are straightforward appeals to ethnic violence on civilians, just as "Palestinians had a right to self-defense against colonizers" is a straightforward excusal of an atrocity. This stuff is all over the place. Just today, the Harvard Faculty SJP chapter posted an old racist SNCC poster depicting a hand with a Star of David puppeteering two Black men.

Nobody can deny that the concept of "antisemitism" is weaponized against critics of Israel. But at the same time, nobody can deny that many critics of Israel, or out ignorance or animus, weaponize antisemitism against Israel.
Meh, people seem to have an inflated view of Prettier. I find that it's at best ok, but has produced enough frustrating errors that I just turn it off.
The article tries to make the point that they sound like nonsense buzzwords, but I believe there is some actual depth there.

I would be interested whether or not you agree with that central point?
Yes, the British government was happy to sell it to Arizona businessman and developer Robert McCulloch. He had to actually make a slight deviation of the Colorado River in order for it to go under the bridge in its new location. To accomplish that feat he hired some Texas lawyers who personally knew President Johnson, and they all went to the White House to convince Johnson to approve the adjustment to the river course.

Johnson at first didn't want to do it, he said it wouldn't be right to deviate a major river for a real estate developer's project. One of the lawyers said that he wouldn't have to make such exceptions for anyone's sake, just for anytime that an American bought London Bridge and brought it to the US. Johnson was convinced and McCulloch got his way.
For what it's worth, the threat model for Chrome extensions is not the same as that of arbitrary websites. You can probably reasonably accomplish some things in extensions that are untenable on web pages.
You can count on humanity to have learned nothing from the last war.
It's not about being corrupt, it is about doing the lazy thing in order to fight spam. No one ever got fired for suggesting New York Times or Better Housekeeping.

To me it feels like a big brand website hardly needs to try in order to rank #1 even without doing a bunch of SEO.
On the other hand the Switch is the best platform to make money on as an indie game developer.
Exeter Under Ideology
The Hardest Program I've Ever Written: A code formatter
More than 5%?
It's important to remember that any compression gains must include the size of the decompressor which, I assume, will include an enormous diffusion model.
I'm talking about "personal" reasons like you work for the company behind link #2 and not because #2 is actually better than #1.
> I've had enough negative experiences with Valve Support

That's surprising to me, but your reaction is understandable. GOG's business model also caters exactly to the type of fan and scenario I was talking about in my top-level comment. For example, GOG has Daggerfall, an early TES game from Bethesda [1].

> from GOG or anything-other-than-Valve

How do you organize your games for launch? I've heard of people using Steam as their main UI, but it seems you probably use another option to browse and launch.

[1] https://www.gog.com/en/game/the_elder_scrolls_chapter_ii_dag...
But I am quite happy with it I don’t have to waste my time typing. I don’t have to waste my time improving my raw typing speed.

I do solid touch typing 60WPM writing plain text. With code completion and linting it easily goes twice as fast writing code.
Could you please stop posting unsubstantive comments and flamebait? As you know, it's not what this site is for, and destroys what it is for.

I seem to have noticed your comments having taken a downtick in this direction lately. That's a bad sign. If you could please recalibrate in the direction of higher quality, that would be good.

https://news.ycombinator.com/newsguidelines.html`
Care to share some topics where the things are moving towards?
I understand diffusion, GaNs and Mamba is in vogue these days, but those are different logical architecture. I am unsure where the next level ML physical architecture research is moving towards.
C1 has a huge base in NoVa, and everyone I've known to work there seem to enjoy it.

As a customer though you're right, Discover is leaps and bounds better than Capital One. Walmart of all people is suing them for their terrible customer service, and that speaks volumes. I will cancel my Discover cards if this goes through.
Germany has no wilderness. "Nature kills you" is a concept that basically doesn't exist in Germany. As a healthy adult, "getting lost" is a minor annoyance, not genuine danger.

See for yourself: Open Google Maps, zoom in on a random spot, pick a random direction, and tell me how far you have to walk until you'll find a pub or a road that will lead you to one. Repeat as often as you want.

The first spot I got was 60 meters from the nearest forest path, the longest you could walk in a straight line without finding a forest path was 400 meters, and the nearest pub was 500 meters as the crow flies.

The second was much worse: 80 meters, 800 meters, 1.6 km for the same three metrics. Third: 10m, 230m, 1.2km. 4th: 140m, 800m, 600m 5th: 55m, 380m, 2.2km unless you count the Kebap place 1.8km away. You will be hearing the Autobahn the whole time.

The weather is also much less extreme. 41° C (106° F) seems to be the current heat record (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_extreme_temperatures_i...), but this is extreme, newsworthy heat, not common. Most of the time in most of Germany you can expect -10 to +35° C (from nighttime in Winter to daytime in Summer).

In summer, basically, t-shirt, shorts with 10 EUR in cash for the beer in a pocket, and sandals with socks will probably be all you need to survive. Everything else (water bottle, a way to navigate) are optional comfort items.
Will This Function Block?
> used the Mac Notes app

But then it's not Vim.

That was a little tongue in cheek, but seriously, I need Vim when I write/edit text. Currently have a todo.txt that's on iCloud.
Can’t that be amortized across all videos (e.g. if YouTube had a decompressor they downloaded once)?
Since software disproves the utility of authoritarian restraints on intellectual labor, you should only expect the defenders of patents to be incapable when it comes to physiology. Only animals with dysfunctional genetics would advocate for restrictions on vectors of progress. Naturally as a result of evolution summoning its own enemies following the destruction that years of evolution and growth orchestrates.
Ahh classic Google, killing everything that made it the thing it is today (or maybe better put, yesterday)
> First of all, like what? What high-quality signals are there that can't be gamed?

Probably the ones the author refer to would be a good start.

>And second of all, what if they do, but users still don't click on it because they don't recognize the name of the site? Is Google supposed to be giving users results that they don't want to click on?

It's an interesting question, but the premise of your question is even more interesting: that serving shitty web results is somehow what a search engine is meant to be doing, because that's what users "want". I'm very skeptical of it.
No, the general income tax is 22%. You add the higher tax bracket to that. Then it's the social insurance on top.
Also, Vim and Emacs use modes to allow users to either write the text in the file itself or to enter commands for the editor. Modes are terrible to use, and thanks to people like Larry Tesler, we haven’t had modes in any new software since the 1980’s, and nearly all of humanity is blissfully unaware of what modes even are and will never be exposed to them. Instead of using keyboard shortcuts via modes, we today have keyboard shortcuts like Ctrl+C and Ctrl+V which are easy to use.

TIL that modes are obviously terrible and I should feel bad for learning how to use Vim’s modes effectively
> Does anyone think the patent system is possibly worth saving?

I think the original idea is worth saving. That is, they should incentivize people to publish details about inventions that otherwise would remain trade secrets. I'm glad the inventor of Portland cement filed a patent, for example -- they did get an 20-year monopoly, but for over a century since then, the rest of us have benefited from a publicly known formula and process for the manufacture of Portland cement.

Congress should write a law that reforms patents: (1) require them to be effectively how-to manuals: descriptive and complete enough to manufacture the thing from raw materials given the patent's instructions alone, and written in plain language (not legalese) easily readable by other technicians in the given field; (2) outlaw software patents, and (3) phase out patents granted since 2007 within 18 months unless they pass a re-review where they have to clear (1) and (2).
We spend so much on mitigating the risks associated with aging. The COVID lockdowns were mostly done to spare the elderly from infection due to the orders of magnitude greater infection fatality rate they were subject to, and the lockdowns cost tens of trillions of dollars in the aggregate.

We should spend considerably more on slowing and reversing aging itself. It's the source of most health hazards.
I always sanitized my DTF inputs, as my last tests failed.
Why are the top comments in this thread all personal anecdotes? Is this reddit now?
>If it were that simple, someone would have had success at scale by now

A lot of code in that article doesn't use mempools, and furthermore, just because a double free exists doesn't mean that its always exploitable. And if its exploitable, it doesn't mean that you can gain a shell or even exfil data, sometimes it means you can just crash the program.

Fundamentally, if you write a wrapper around memory management that keeps track of allocated resources, much in the same way how rust includes some runtime code during compilation for memory safety, you gain the same functionality.
I know very few people who would pay for a search engine

If Google Search continues its downward trajectory, people will start to pay for Kagi or some other similar search engine. 10-20$ per month for unlimited search is nothing, at least in the western world.

We just haven’t reached that point yet
Or the VR space will be like today's average podcast, low quality content filled with ads.
Yes, absolutely, it's just important to keep in mind when thinking of these decompressors as "magic". If every laptop shipped with a copy of Wikipedia, then you could compress Wikipedia, and any text that looks similar to Wikipedia, really well.
Insider Trading Law After Salman
Take them to whatever the Swedish equivalent of the small claims court is. You are in the EU, the court will have a field day.
Maybe you can predict emergent abilities post hoc, but I recall no one predicting beforehand that, for example, a pure language model could do translation simply be giving a prompt that said “translate to French”
> and the number of sectors per track can vary even between two sides of the same platter at the same radial distance

Wouldn't that cause all sorts of issues with SMR drives?
I prefer https://github.com/asottile/reorder-python-imports over isort because isort has over 100 configuration options.
Are you looking for a magic pill? There is nothing constant except change.

It's not about experience at all - it's about supply and demand. If there were not many decent doctors needed, they would be on the street in the same way.
Related:

Meta quickly detects silent data corruptions at scale - https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=30905636 - April 2022 (95 comments)

Silent Data Corruptions at Scale - https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=27484866 - June 2021 (12 comments)
I think there is a real difference: in the static case, the compiler can just recurse into the type definition at any point, compute fully-baked sizes and offsets, and cache them for the rest of the compilation. But in the dynamic case, you end up with the novel dataflow of types that depend on runtime values, and more machinery is necessary to track those dependencies.

Of course, this runtime tracking has always been necessary for C99 VLA support, but I can easily see how it would be surprising for someone not deeply familiar with VLAs, especially given how the naive mental model of "T array[n]; is just syntax sugar for T *array = alloca(n * sizeof(T));" is sufficient for almost all of their uses in existing code. (In any case, it's obviously not "creating an object on the heap" that's the unusual part here!)
Discussed at the time:

Discovering Hard Disk Physical Geometry Through Microbenchmarking - https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=21492345 - Nov 2019 (18 comments)