skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Build an 8-bit computer from scratch https://eater.net/8bit/ https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLowKtXNTBypGqImE405J2...

Andreas Kling. OS hacking: Making the system boot with 256MB RAM https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rapB5s0W5uk

MIT 6.006 Introduction to Algorithms, Spring 2020 https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLUl4u3cNGP63EdVPNLG3T...

MIT 6.824: Distributed Systems https://www.youtube.com/@6.824

MIT 6.172 Performance Engineering of Software Systems, Fall 2018 https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLUl4u3cNGP63VIBQVWguX...

CalTech cs124 Operating Systems https://duckduckgo.com/?t=ffab&q=caltech+cs124&ia=web

try searching here at HN for recommendations https://hn.algolia.com
No new here... just an email capture page.
ASML dethrones Applied Materials, becomes largest fab tool maker
unlike the ancient analogues, probably not getting away with silencing the workers that build the bunkers.

that tiny, huge opening.
This is a really straightforward tool. Validating spf/dkim/dmarc by receiving an email strikes me as more effective than something that just looks at the DNS records. Thanks for sharing.
I actually find it interesting how many things we (which, in part, I mean I) got wrong about cloud computing early on. Various other things too.
It was a very narrow ruling regarding civil liability for wrongful death as it applies to the word “children”.

Some insurance companies tried to say that these families had no financial recourse from embryos being destroyed because a certain law did not apply since they were not children.

They explicitly state that this does not confer criminal liability due to different wording in the law. It also states that this does not negate waiver, estoppel or affirmative defenses. It also upholds the dismissal of the case due to lack of wantonness or negligence on the part of the defendants.

This is the media blowing something up for click bait. To answer your questions in order: None. No. No.
That's interesting -- the quote is very much attributed to Bezos. Did the quote actually come from Sam Walton, or merely the sentiment? Either way, it's clear that the Waltons were an inspiration to Bezos!
Fast and compact minimal perfect hash functions in C++
Those are less expensive and less dramatic than a typical NFL game. Rather understated, given our national culture.
Why is this distinction important? It's still something you fix by changing what programs the compiler accepts or rejects. Or were you trying to imply this is unfixable?
Nice. Now please finally give us iOS cloud backups before i break or loose my phone and years of conversations get evaporated.
Yeah, a sense. A guess. A gut feeling. Based on what exactly? I sure do get a sense of what will require less effort in the long run, or what will makes the user's life easier, or even what is likely to decrease the defect rate… but I dare 95% of programmers, even the subset active here on HN, to reliably assess the monetary impacts of those decisions within one order of magnitude, especially compared to the alternatives.

Not to mention the monetary impacts of decisions totally outside my control. I can tell the architect "you suggest A, but B is simpler to use and makes the API 3 times simpler at no loss of functionality", what's the point of estimating the impact of such a no-brainer when the architect answers is "you're correct, but we'll do it my way" (real story)? And how do you expect me to estimate the monetary impact of pointing out that their TPM provisioning is missing a verification step? That stuff happens inside the factory, a problem at this stage is unlikely anyways. And even if I could somehow divine my monetary impact, the best I can say now is "I did good work for this company, they didn't listen to me, and now they're going under". Not even kidding, they are going under. I just ended my gig there because I couldn't take it any more.

What are those wonderful places you worked at where you could estimate your impact with reasonable accuracy?
Sorry, thought it was a common term. Operational Excellence. All the effort and time it takes to keep a service online, on call included
You lose anonymity. You do not lose privacy, which is still secured by the message encryption.
Kagi Sidekick (alpha)
Yeah, great question. This is something that I have spent a lot of time thinking about. Honestly probably worth a whole blog post/PG-style essay at some point. Shipping and iterating at top speed is honestly paramount for a startup.

Probably the biggest thing we've done has been to focus on hiring for people that can and will move quickly, and building a company culture around that. Our team is very strong, works unusually hard, and ships quickly at all costs. For a startup, I would recommend hiring startuppy people rather than engineers with 20y experience at the magnificent 7.

One of our most counterintuitive/provocative/potentially wrong practices has been to deemphasize automated tests. I'll probably catch a lot of flak for this but I think that spending a bunch of extra time writing thorough tests for something that will change next week when we iterate and improve is a waste of time. In my experience you can make up for this with thorough manual testing by someone (e.g. founder, product owner) that really, really cares about the product and UX. This is part of the overall "do things that don't scale" ethos and as the product has matured we have started to evolve to a higher level of test coverage. tl;dr I recommend less time spent engineering tests pre-PMF.

Otherwise we generally follow established best practices. Review fast, ship fast, roll forward. Extreme ownership and responsibility to ICs. Use Dart for project management to save time ;)

Overall, I think the first thing is most important: build a team and a culture that moves uncomfortably and unusually fast and breaks things (then fixes them immediately).
This technology has the potential to do so much good. I feel like we should be getting updates from the Company itself and not the Billionaire owner on his social media site.
You’ve plainly accused the whole citizenry of the UK as co-conspirators of global ‘terror and calamity’, which is hardly a mature and empathetic perspective on history.

And your point about Stolen Generation still has nothing to do with British Colonialism?
Case is inverted with javascript disabled. I've never seen that before!
I used this data when I was a grad student, back when there wasn't a fee for it, so I'm mostly concerned students will get hit with charges that will make it so they can't buy groceries.

The website has the Internet Archive logo on it, and it looks like a public resource for researchers, and it used to be free to use.

The point of this is for the HTTP Archive to make it clear this is a paid product from Google Cloud, not a "public service".
Not on the same magnitude of cost but each time there's a new president, portraits in military installations and government offices are updated. Many states have their governor on their welcome signs on roads and at airports. Some cities even do it for their mayor. At least with the Monarchy, it's not a routine expense like it is with frequent elections.
Also it is a bizarre unit to break things up over. Actually, how do per-core programs account for things like SMT? What about Bulldozer? Can I get a discount license if I only run it on an “efficiency” core? And we won’t even get into GPUs…

What next? Let’s charge users based on how many instructions they have in flight for our application. These ILP cheaters have been mooching off the rest of us for ages!
Not sure, but I recently came across xorsat filters (https://eecs.ceas.uc.edu/~weaversa/XORSATFilters.pdf). It's not a great replacement for bloom filters in many use cases because they are not modifiable but have some other interesting properties:

1. They are very close to the information theoretic minimum needed to encode the information so are more space-efficient than bloom filters or cuckoo filters.

2. They have a natural way to store metadata (at the cost of additional space of course) so you can associate a few bits of metadata with each set bit at pretty reasonable space cost.
I believe not. I was part of a phase 1 clinical study for a vaccine, and I recall asking a question along these lines. They mentioned some medical care may be covered, but otherwise not. This was a few years ago so I could be mistaken.
The journal authors agree with you. The "most likely uninhabitable" conclusion is an invention of the popsci article's author.

The actual article's conclusion is basically "for there to be life on Titan, there needs to be more carbon in the ocean than would be transferred solely by surface impactors". It absolutely does not rule out the existence of those carbon source.
appreciate that! as a few mentioned here, there’s a lot of useful scraping tools/libraries to leverage these days. headless selenium no longer seems to make sense to me for most use cases
The real issue is how much of the cost is unwritten by private entities and what they might expect in return.
When you plug a hardware wallet into a computer it can't get the keys off the wallet. It can only ask the hardware wallet to sign a transaction, and the hardware wallet asks the user to confirm.

When you plug a thumbdrive with keys on it into a computer the computer can just take the keys.

It's the same as the difference between a YubiKey and a thumbdrive with GPG keys on it.
Sweet, let us know how it goes if you give it a try!
Having a "most recent login" doesn't prove someone is an active user. I use it about once every two days, am I also an active users? Compare that to WhatsApp which most people use multiple times a day or even multiple times per hour, and you get the picture of how popular or lack thereof Signal is by comparison.

Like I said, a lot of people have Signal, but very few use it as their primary messenger on a regular basis, and more of a "it's just there in case one of those tech nerds who told me to install it decided to message me on"
Ah, I see. My bad for not drilling deeper and reading the underlying study. In my eyes neglecting the inner planet as source of carbon (only referring to the article here) is a rather large gap.

I am all for shooting some equipment up to Titan. Although I am not sure we have the technology and the will to commit resources to analyze Titan's oceans in detail, yet.
> 51% of Swedish population opposes conscription tooth and nail.

Uhh, what? Did you just make that up?

Funny how both the left party and the green party are for forced conscription in Sweden if there's such a strong opposition against it. You'd think they could get a lot of votes by campaigning against conscription? Which they don't...
I don't know jack about crypto but surely we shouldn't expect a distro provider to be vetting financial instruments?
How does signal know that account X is sending Bitcoin bullshit if the messages are encrypted? Also I see you have a Keybase account, Keybase doesn't use phone numbers, how do they solve "spam accounts" ?
Yeah, think you're right.. was reading the intro to the paper wrong. Just saw the acko visualization and was reminded your point

https://acko.net/blog/how-to-fold-a-julia-fractal/

Cheers!
LoRA Land: Fine-Tuned Open-Source LLMs That Outperform GPT-4
Thanks! I am really interested in this topic, and I think it's really promising. I've experimented with showing GPT-4 how Hyperdiv works via examples and was impressed by how well it was able to produce new apps, and even infer parts of the API I didn't show it. I want to experiment with feeding the entire API into an LLM.

In general I get the impression that this approach, of teaching an LLM a small self-contained API like Hyperdiv's, can work better/less hallucinatory compared to trying to build apps with very large APIs like the DOM API.
LoraLand: 25 fine-tuned Mistral-7B models that outperform GPT-4
Can you quote the relevant part? Because IIUC lifetime checks have nothing to do with the trait solver.

There's a new borrow checker however, but that's not going to fix this either
A simple reject policy is showing up as an error, despite validating fine with other DMARC checker apps like MX Toolbox,

The From domain (...) has an invalid DMARC record.
...
DMARC record found: v=DMARC1; p=reject;
The DMARC check result is permerror.

No explanation as to what permerror means.

It might also be useful if the tool attempted to circumvent DNS caching, so users can try tests in succession after updating.
‘ I’m writing this in the hope Canonical will fix its processes so reputation-damaging events like this don’t keep happening.’

That is such a poor attitude. Instead maybe hope that canonical may fix the lax vetting and security of their store, but to care directly about their reputation and not the user who was scammed due to their weak practices goes hand in hand with everything else I’ve seen from snap.
They missed the most realistic depiction, in Community:
https://youtu.be/z4FGzE4endQ?feature=shared&t=40s
Quote Investigator comes down pretty hard on the Bezos side and doesn't mention Walton. https://quoteinvestigator.com/2019/01/13/margin/
That is pretty clearly documented in the setup instructions.

https://github.com/HTTPArchive/httparchive.org/blob/main/doc...

There are multiple notes about cost. In particular, this one stands out.

> Note: The size of the tables you query are important because BigQuery is billed based on the number of processed data. There is 1TB of processed data included in the free tier, so running a full scan query on one of the larger tables can easily eat up your quota. This is where it becomes important to design queries that process only the data you wish to explore
https://archive.ph/StNCT
Reboot keeps the instance storage volumes. Restarting wipes them. Starting frequently migrates to new host. And the "restart" notices AWS sends are likely cause the host has a problem and need to migrate it.
the data is a public service. the platform allowing you to query it is not.

you can print at a public library. each page costs a small amount. the printer in that case is the service. and if you print out millions of pages, you may owe hundreds of thousands of dollars.

slow down a bit, lest you blow off your other foot.
The author is no longer CEO, though, and there are a lot of "I" statements in the post. Is it still accurate? Has the current CEO made any comment on it?
Yep, this is one of our most popular features. That's exactly our goal--catch problems like this ahead of time. We're actually also working on other stuff for automatic backlog refinement but not ready yet.

If you get a chance to try, we'd love to hear how the duplicate detection stacks up against your expectations
Everything whimsical must be destroyed to facilitate deterritorialisation!
So many of these exploits boil down to "hardware wallets not providing enough/the right information".

The screen is tiny, and protocol devs don't usually put a lot of thought into making stuff easily human readable. Ideally a transaction can be fully understood and verified from the hardware wallet but we still have a ways to go.
> Also, this is not finally the feature Signal users actually want - not having to sign up for Signal with a phone number and using a username instead.

Agreed. I don't own a phone of any kind, and would love to use Signal, but alas I can't because you need a telephone number, or a level 65 Necromancer to do the magic to sign up without it.

* Magic: https://www.techbout.com/use-signal-without-phone-number-sim...
Great tool. Good comprehensive report. Keep up the great work. Hope it helps people.

Email is such an amazing mess. Love and hate in equal measures
I have a C2 myself, C3 was just my example, I imagine the OS is similar to your G3, but in anycase maybe it's worth updating the firmware? That can be done by USB. My C2 had some odd behavior relating to complaining there was no internet connectivity and other misc bugs before I did that. Now it's basically perfect and I won't touch the firmware again without a really good reason.
"I use it about once every two days, am I also an active users?"

Yes. I think your definition of "active user" is non-standard.
So? Let us know when we can finally register and use an account without giving you our mobile phone numbers.
> They likely saw a button like this in the "App Centre", which gave them some confidence in the application. [...] Furthermore the title of the Snapcraft web frontend says "Snaps are containerised software packages that are simple to create and install. They auto-update and are safe to run."

Sounds like assurances made by UX and Marketing, which engineering might've been able to tell them they can't make.

If it ends up costing them $490K plus legal fees, that's still a relatively inexpensive way to learn this lesson.
IANAL, but I wish they had put this bullet closer to the top, although I agree the logical flow does have it more appropriately at the bottom.

> Adults in any of these groups who are unwilling to share their identities will find themselves shunted onto a second-class internet alongside the young people who have been denied access to this information.

This is what I wish people would understand. It doesn't just protect kids from dangerous information. It flips the assumption of age on it's head.

You're no longer assumed to be an adult on the internet, you're assumed to be a child. If you want to be treated as an adult, you have to "show" your ID, and this is not a cashier selling beer at the gas station. This will include the least trustworthy data-hoarding internet marketers who don't give a damn about your privacy. They will view your ID verification as data that can be used for marketing campaigns and sold to other people. They will probably be glad if this law passes because of the cover it gives them to invade your privacy even more.
Look I love the http://motherfuckingwebsite.com and think it's hilarious and I totally agree with the underlying message, to cut out a lot of the shit and just keep the web simple sometimes, but is it really necessary to have absolutely no style whatsoever which makes reading this blog post an absolute chore. It's so off putting that I can't bring myself to read it. Anyone else or just me?
So, you gave someone your credit card number without understanding how or what they were going to charge you for?
Listen to the recent pinker mearsheimer debate. Pinker would be a good person to advocate for the triumph of enlightenment values and where else would those values be most evident than the academy, and yet Jewish students are made to cower in fear at the student mobs tolerated, if not in effect manufactured by the educators at the nations’ highest institutions, Harvard, Penn, MIT… I know people who were in forced out of grad school for not engaging in activism, let alone committing the ultimate sin, having heterodox views. Perhaps that’s less common in STEM, where politics are non-essential, but it’s de rigeur in social sciences and I’d imagine much of the humanities. It’s common knowledge in many circles that you’ll get different education at Claremont vs berkeley.
There it is.

You're not worried about indoctrination. You're worried you won't be able to be the one to indoctrinate.
There's a theory that life on Earth began at extremely cold temperatures, yes; below -100F.

https://www.discovermagazine.com/planet-earth/did-life-evolv...

It's only Titan's surface that is at -292F, anyway, The theory is that life, if it exists, would be present in the subsurface ocean, which would be significantly warmer.
Byron’s been a character in some fun fiction: https://the-true-tropes.fandom.com/wiki/Lord_Byron

My favorites are “The Stress of Her Regard” by Tim Powers and “The Difference Engine” (he appears only tangentially) (but still, damn, what a book).

And of course “Arcadia,” an uncommonly beautiful play by Tom Stoppard.
If only there were some kind of system or network of long-standing institutions with a deep commitment to paper-trails and accountability that was overseen by some kind of community-managed regulation to control this type of thing.
Full text of the new version of the bill can be found here: https://www.blumenthal.senate.gov/imo/media/doc/21424kosabil...

I am reading though the bill right now and do not have quite the same takeaway that the EFF is promoting. Sec 102 specifically exempts platforms from limiting "any minor from deliberately and independently searching for, or specifically requesting, content". This seems to neuter a lot of the pushback that the bill will prevent youth from searching for sexual health, minority status, LGBTQ+ information.

I think a lot of platforms are upset that they won't be able to push this type of content algorithmically (see the prevalence of "mental-health-tok", "5 signs that you have ADHD" videos) but I am *very* skeptical that this type of content is healthy for anyone. I think it drives a ton of engagement which large platforms don't want to lose.

My main beef with KOSA is that a bunch of the meat of the rules and enforcement (Sec 106 - Sec 109) is completely punted on. Lots of "Not later than 18 months after the enactment of this act" the FTC will "issue guidance" or create rules for various things. It seems like Congress doesn't quite know what they want to regulate, but they want someone (who isn't them) to do so.
You're missing the purpose of the cache. At least for this argument it's mostly for network responses.

HDD was 10ms, which was noticeable for cached network request that needs to go back out on the wire. This was also bottle necked by IOPS, after 100-150 IOPS you were done. You could do a bit better with raid, but not the 2-3 orders of magnitude you really needed to be an effective cache. So it just couldn't work as a serious cache, the next step up was RAM. This is the operational environment which redis and such memory caches evolved.

40 us latency is fine for caching. Even the high load 500-600us latency is fine for the network request cache purpose. You can buy individual drives with > 1 million read IOPS. Plenty for a good cache. HDD couldn't fit the bill for the above reasons. RAM is faster, no question, but the lower latency of the RAM over the SSD isn't really helping performance here as the network latency is dominating.

Rails conference 2023 has a talk that mentions this. They moved from a memory based cache system to an SSD based cache system. The Redis RAM based system latency was 0.8ms and the SSD based system was 1.2ms for some known system. Which is fine. It saves you a couple of orders of magnitude on cost and you can do much much larger and more aggressive caching with the extra space.

Often times these RAM caching servers are a network hop away anyway, or at least a loopback TCP request. Making the question of comparing SSD latency to RAM totally irrelevant.
We moved to running Clickhouse on EKS with EBS volumes for storage. It can better survive instances going down. I didn't work on it so don't how much slower it is. Lowering the management burden was big priority.
It made a lot more sense back in the day. Then a slot of things switched to per-socket.
John Oliver offers to pay Clarence Thomas $1M a year if he quits Supreme Court
> So sad to see, that it's only available for new customers.

I'm sure it'll roll out to existing customers too.
New Construction Photos from Saudi Arabia's NEOM/the Line
> But luckily we got LWM, and that means we have only been 10xed.

If I remember the paper correctly, it was something about a 4M context in there. So not 10x, but 2.5x.

> What is really insane is that, we have had LLAMA2 for over a year now, and nobody else figured out how to get this result from it, despite it being around so long.

This isn't true. For now, the task of extending context to 10M tokens is brute-forced by money (increased HW requirements for training and inference and increased training time are also a financial domain). And for now, there simply is no leapfrogging solution for open source or commercial models, which will decrease the costs by orders of magnitude.