skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Discount rates are actually much better too on the bigger instances. Therefore the "sticker price" that people compare on the public site is no where close to a fair comparison.

We technically aren't supposed to talk about pricing publically, but I'm just going to say that we run a few 8XL and 12Xl RDS instances and we pay ~40% off the sticker price.

If you switch to Aurora engine the pricing is absurdly complex (its basically impossible to determine without a simulation calculator) but AWS is even more aggressive with discounting on Aurora, not to mention there are some legit amazing feature benefits by switching.

I'm still in agreeance that you could do it cheaper yourself at a Data Center. But there are some serious tradeoffs made by doing it that way. One is complexity and it certainly requires several new hiring decisions. Those have their own tangible costs, but there are a huge amount of intangible costs as well like pure inconvenience, more people management, more hiring, split expertise, complexity to network systems, reduce elasticity of decisions, longer commitments, etc.. It's harder to put a price on that.

When you account for the discounts at this scale, I think the cost gap between the two solutions is much smaller and these inconveniences and complexities by rolling it yourself are sometimes worth bridging that smaller gap in cost in order to gain those efficiencies.
News companies reverse course on subscription in favor of flexible paywalls
> Zero Trust VPN

VPNs can be wonderful, and you can use use Tailscale or AWS VPN or OpenVPN or IPSEC and you can authenticate using Okta or GSuite or Auth0 or Keycloak or Authelia.

But since when is this Zero
Trust? It takes a somewhat unusual firewall scheme to make a VPN do anything that I would seriously construe as Zero Trust, and getting authz on top of that is a real PITA.
Same experience here. As a small organization, the quotes we got from cloud providers have always been prohibitively expensive compared to running things locally, even when we accounted for geographical redundancy, generous labor costs, etc. Plus, we get to keep know how and avoid lock-in, which are extremely important things in the long term.

Besides, running things locally can be refreshingly simple if you are just starting something and you don't need tons of extra stuff, which becomes accidental complexity between you, the problem, and a solution. This old post described that point quite well by comparing Unix to Taco Bell: http://widgetsandshit.com/teddziuba/2010/10/taco-bell-progra.... See HN discussion: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=10829512.

I am sure for some use-cases cloud services might be worth it, especially if you are a large organization and you get huge discounts. But I see lots of business types blindly advocating for clouds, without understanding costs and technical tradeoffs. Fortunately, the trend seems to be plateauing. I see an increasing demand for people with HPC, DB administration, and sysadmin skills.
This is a bit pessimistic.

Most STOC papers don't directly give an incredibly practical algorithm. But what they do give is insight, and that insight can often be used to improve the practical state of the art. And new bounds get you thinking; there's power in just knowing we can do better. It's like breaking the 4 minute mile -- a lot follows.

From a personal perspective: I quite like some of the techniques they use in the STOC'22 paper, and I have some ideas about how to turn that into a practical improvement for some of my data structures, which _do_ take into account CPU and cache because I'm that kind of geek. (To save you some googling, I'm one of the co-creators of the cuckoo filter, and of the techniques that underlie many practical implementations of cuckoo hashing, particularly those with concurrent access, and some other stuff. A lot of what I do in practical data structures-meets-systems comes from seeing what's happening in theory and finding ways to apply it, even though in doing so I often give up on the optimality bounds, the insights that come from the theory folks are the basis of it.)

Also, note that there are a few flavors of theory. A lot of US theory is quite on the math side of things, with a few exceptions (Mitz, quoted in the article, being one of them). But there's a very thriving applied algorithms community in the world, with a lot of energy in the area in both Europe and South America, and the stuff published in those venues -- again, often derived from or inspired by work such as this STOC paper -- is more immediately applicable.
Could the planet be warmer than we thought?
I prefer different strategy. I use C++ for encapsulated cases where it makes sense. I compile that C++ into DLLs, and consume these DLLs from C#.

C++ is safer than unsafe Rust. C++ was designed for usability of the unsafe code because the entire ecosystem is unsafe, and have been that way for decades. By now, the tooling is pretty good.

And C# is safer than safe rust due to the VM. Rust compiles to native code. Unlike C# rust requires unsafe to implement any non-trivial data structures.
[dupe] / Related:

Toyota cashes in on booming hybrid sales

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=39275897
From the FAQ: "Could local environmental organisms change the starter? Possibly. Some microbiologists did a study on how stable established strong and healthy starters are and they found that essentially, a strong starter out-competes other organisms in the environment and keeps its characteristics. This is what we have found with our starter. It continues with its characteristics since we have been providing it."
Migadu (you pay for volume, not per inbox/domain)
How is it incredibly difficult? I’ve seen this work very well.

Is your code handling different varieties of event states stored in your database?

Why implement this as a monolithic data source? Was it not possible to separate different states by additional queues?

Curious to hear the decision making process here. Maybe I can see it for low volume?
The only reason that natural gas prices in Australia have gone up in the past 10 years is that gas producers in the eastern states were able to start exporting gas as LNG.

As of 2023, Australia is the world's second largest LNG exporter (source: https://www.statista.com/statistics/1262074/global-lng-expor...) after the US (take that Russia!) and ahead of Qatar. Great for the gas exporting cartel but not so great for ordinary Australians in eastern states who now pay the same for gas as people in Tokyo. (And Aussies wonder why manufacturers keep leaving...)

Banning domestic gas usage for new homes (which the fools running Victoria, the state I live in, have done) will do nothing for emissions but will mean that the gas cartel can make even more money exporting LNG to Asia. Bravo!

The exception is Western Australia which is also a massive LNG exporter but has stricter domestic reservation requirements than the eastern states.

All of the above has been extensively documented at https://www.macrobusiness.com.au/ (source: https://www.google.com.au/search?q=site%3Ahttps%3A%2F%2Fwww....).
I got some of this years ago - was a pretty good starter, but I'm not sure it is really anything different from whatever starter your neighbor might have available. If you don't have a neighbor or friend with a starter, years ago there was a thread on HN about people making their own starters with good success.
Man. In addition to Skiff users, I feel really bad for the people working there, too. Imagine spending years of your life on one product, working hard every day to make it as good as it can be... all for it just to go “poof” one day so some executives and investors can get rich.

Might have been the plan all along, even. Sad
If you’re paying list price at scale you are doing it very wrong.
I’ve seen people cooling solar panels by using coreflute/Fluteboard at the back of a panel and circulating pool water through the channels. I think I saw this on Linus Tech Tips weirdly enough, not sure though
Shot on iPhone 15 Pro Max – Chinese New Year – Little Garlic – Apple [video]
> The vast, vast, vast majority of projects – and I expect 100% of web projects – use languages with incomplete type systems, making what you seek impossible.

…where, "what GP seeks" is…

> way for [library authors] to indicate that creating a zero-valued struct is a bug

I'd say that's a really low and practical bar, you really don't need Coq for that. Good old Python is enough, even without linters and type hints.

Of course it's very easy to create an equivalent of zero struct (object without __init__ called), but do you think it's possible to do it while not noticing that you are doing something unusual?
If it’s similar to the TBI issues I’m familiar with (myself and others I know) then the mental health is an actual area of focus for improvement.

You can kind of think of it as unloading your mental processes because the damage either took some offline or rewired them. By improving your mental state and gaining new tools you can compensate for that.

That’s a layman’s way of looking at it that’s probably very wrong to a neuro/psych professional, but I think it’s close enough to explain the basics.
Yeah, where I am, they simply added the requirement that stores have to charge at least five cents for any bag they give you.

It has greatly reduced the amount of single use bags without the undesirable side effect of thickening single use bags so that they can masquerade as reusable.
no.

not going to play this game further, sorry :) because eventually somebody will win.

i just checked, this vulnerability not published and i have no idea if it was quietly fixed and have no desire to try check it out
After death, you're aware that you've died
congrats to the team!
a little sad at the shutdown however, one of the few privacy focused products with good design and attention to detail
Seems unlikely given the expansion in standard of living in developing countries, the use of fossil fuels in ICE's .. and elsewhere outside of power generation in the EU.

It's a factor, sure, but "biggest" .. not so much.
>By the time your db is big enough to cost an unreasonable amount on RDS, you’re likely a big enough team to have options.

By the time your db is big enough to cost an unreasonable amount on RDS, you've likely got so much momentum that getting off is nearly impossible as you bleed cash.

You can buy a used server and find colocation space and still be pennies on the dollar for even the smallest database. If you're doing more than prototyping, you're probably wasting money.
Hong Kong Is Self-Destructing
At the time the first ban was passed pressure from customers has already driven the creation of rapid decomposition plastic bags that would disintegrate under UV (likely creating micro plastics, but hey, who's perfect).

The industry was slowly self correcting. People were free to do what they want (what a nasty word "free"). And some people used paper, other plastic. Then the government started to "help". First they banned paper because "the trees" of course, leaving plastic only, then they "banned" the plastic. Which of course was never a ban, yet a tax that just really nailed the poor more than anyone else. (NICE BONUS!!).

So now you would pay .10 a bag. And who knows where that massive amount of money went! Another government compelled transfer of wealth from the poorest to the richest! (SUPER BONUS!!). And what did the environment get for all this devious underhanded corrupt dealing? Surely at least the goal was met! NO! Old mother nature got THICKER bags that likely will outlast the heat death of the universe (MEGA SUPER BONUS!).

OH but people were supposed to _bring_ bags, don't you see! It was the nasty "free" people at the end of the day that mucked it all up again! But it turns out reusing bags is really bad for your health! You would have to clean and disinfect the bags every time to prevent the spread of harmful mold, bacteria, and whatnot. Which in turn is far more wasteful and harmful to the environment than the reusable thin plastic.

So it seems the ultra thin fast decomposing bags were likely the best bet. Good luck reprogramming the public to buy that! But no no no, why stop a dumpster fire when you got it good and going, we're going to have YET ANOTHER GOVERNMENT LAW TO FIX THE FIRST TWO (three? Was it three?) GOVERNMENT LAWS!

This time they got it! This time for sure it's all going to go well.... or, perhaps, let's make a prediction now. We moved from 8lbs per year per person to 11lbs in just under 20 years thanks to these laws. Here's a prediction: this is not a logarithmic curve, this one's exponential baby! We're going to take it up to 20lbs/person in the next decade! Let's do this!
It's a step in the right direction towards diffusion of control. The corporate, SaaS alternatives are untenable. Full stop.
makes me wonder if "users don't care about privacy" is more true than i thought
See https://eli.thegreenplace.net/2018/go-and-algebraic-data-typ... for more background.
Maybe you kinda look like Harry Potter if you wear them.

Or Waldo (wherever he is).
Also known as "the price" for anyone who doesn't sit on massive gas deposits
Atlantic Ocean circulation nearing 'devastating' tipping point
Il mondo della sicurezza informatica è sempre in movimento, e una delle ultime minacce che sta attirando l'attenzione è il malware Raspberry Robin. Questo malware, noto anche come QNAP worm, è stato documentato per la prima volta nel 2021 ed è considerato una delle principali porte d'ingresso per altri carichi dannosi, compresi i ransomware.

Gli operatori di Raspberry Robin hanno recentemente adottato due nuovi exploit per ottenere l'elevazione dei privilegi sui dispositivi infetti. Questo significa che il malware sta diventando sempre più sofisticato, con la capacità di rendere più difficile la sua individuazione e analisi. Check Point ha segnalato che Raspberry Robin utilizza exploit come CVE-2020-1054 e CVE-2021-1732, e implementa anche tecniche anti-analisi e di offuscamento per evitare la rilevazione.

Una delle caratteristiche più preoccupanti di Raspberry Robin è la sua capacità di utilizzare exploit per vulnerabilità appena divulgate, anche prima che vengano pubblicamente annunciate. Ciò dimostra il livello di minaccia significativo rappresentato da questo malware, che riesce ad approfittare delle vulnerabilità prima che molti organismi abbiano applicato le patch necessarie.

Un'altra novità riguarda la modalità di diffusione del malware. Ora Raspberry Robin utilizza file di archivio RAR truccati ospitati su Discord per ottenere l'accesso iniziale ai dispositivi delle vittime. Inoltre, è stata modificata la logica di movimento laterale, che ora utilizza PAExec.exe anziché PsExec.exe, e il metodo di comunicazione con i server di controllo e comando (C2) tramite indirizzi onion V3.

Questo continuo adattamento e sviluppo di Raspberry Robin evidenzia l'importanza di mantenere aggiornati i sistemi e adottare misure di sicurezza informatica rigorose per proteggere i dati e i dispositivi da attacchi malware sempre più sofisticati.

Se vuoi rimanere aggiornato sulle ultime minacce informatiche e le migliori pratiche di sicurezza, continua a seguirci su Twitter.
yeah but im glad they atleast let you export as markdown instead of just notion, at least i can use obsidian now
> Picking AWS over Google Cloud

I know this is an unpopular opinion but I think google cloud is amazing compared to AWS. I use google cloud run and it works like a dream. I have never found an easier way to get a docker container running in the cloud. The services all have sensible names, there are fewer more important services compared to the mess of AWS services, and the UI is more intuitive. The only downside I have found is the lack of community resulting in fewer tutorials, difficulty finding experienced hires, and fewer third party tools. I recommend trying it. I'd love to get the user base to an even dozen.

The reasoning the author cites is that AWS has more responsive customer service and maybe I am missing out but it would never even occur to me to speak to someone from a cloud provider. They mention having "regular cadence meetings with our AWS account manager" and I am not sure what could be discussed. I must be doing simper stuff.
Needs a TOC
Yes, that is called regulation.

It's the reason why they can't sell you food poisoned with lead in the supermarket.

"But but muh free market".
Sure, but if you're paying anywhere near list price for your on-prem hardware at scale you're also doing it wrong. I've never seen a scenario where Amazon discounts exceed what you would get from a hardware or software vendor at the same scale.
Now they call it DEI, the old shell game, new name, same thing.
This is a total fantasy. The amount of hype around these "guess the next word" games is so far beyond ridiculous at this stage I just don't know what to say.
While we're at it, std::atomic<std::shared_ptr<T>>

https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/memory/shared_ptr/atomic2
Class interests supersede national interests.
Hash tables are nice & all, and it's very convenient to use them,
BUT I really regret how they create propensity for junior developers to use them even in cases where they are not really needed and more memory-efficient (and perf too) data structure could be used.

Anecdotally, in my recent year of interviewing new candidates, I keep asking this simple question: come up with the most efficient data structure to store highly sparse data (say vector), that will need to be access only sequentially. E.g., we have a 1M int32 values vector, and only 10K values are non-zero.

90% of the candidates suggest using the hash table (especially if they prefer to use Python for the interview).

I then ask them to estimate (roughly) the size of the memory, required to store those 10K values.

Some say they need 10KB (they struggle to convert int32 to the count of bytes as well ;( ).
Some say 40KB (a bit better, but they forget about keys).
Less than 20% arrive to 80KB.
Very few suggest that it's something higher than 80KB...

Most struggle to account for the pointers that inevitably should be there if values are not allocated in contiguous memory. Most forget about the hashmap itself.

Fwiw, here's some primitive comparison of memory taken by Python's dict, list and numpy's array:

10000 values dict size: 500568

10000 values list size: 426516

10000 values array size: 80056

500KB/80KB - > 6x times overhead...
tuta dot com is free for personal, pretty good
At first I thought your "in general" statement was contradicting your preference for EC2 + ASG. I guess AWS is such a large part of my world that "in general" includes AWS instead of meaning everything but AWS.
(from https://python-fiddle.com/saved/lN9D7DOQl0bQ8sqnDA94?code=tr...)
When Waymo was known as the Google Self-Driving car project they were cavalier about safety, but became much more conservative after spinning out as Waymo under John Krafcik in 2017.

Waymo has not had any serious incidents and these days it seems they're doing what they can to remain low-key and avoid attracting negative attention to themselves. Like you said, when Cruise, Uber or Tesla behave recklessly, it can't help but bode poorly upon Waymo in the eyes of the public.

We can't directly compare what these companies have going on under the hood because it's all quite proprietary. Waymo nonetheless has been chipping away at the problem for longer and with more resources at their disposal than any competitor. Waymo's 'Driver' is far and away the most experienced. While I'm fully confident making that claim, there's no easy way to measure it or make an emprirical comparison to other drivers.

If you want to play this game and you aren't very experienced, you can fake it by being reckless. You can make it seem to investors that you're better than you are by putting hundreds of vehicles on the road. Investors want results. You have to be able to point to a line on a graph that goes up and to the right and say "look at all these new benchmarks we hit! More cars! More miles!"

Waymo is effectively patronized and will run at a loss for as long as they need to without any pressure to fake it until they either make it or break it. It's Larry and Sergey's pet project. It's the one they won't let go of. A single scandal can really mess things up.
If you have a mini-split, some of the remotes have a "follow me" feature, where it will go off the remote temperature instead of the indoor unit temperature (which is usually much higher since it's mounted close to the ceiling). Not sure if this applies to your situation. I found using the remote/follow me temperature worked better for me, since there are less fluctuations further away from the unit. But, you can't place it too far away or the IR on the remote doesn't work to report back the temp and control the indoor unit. It took some time to figure out, but now we leave it alone for the most part.
That is his website.
Fair for the people that live in EU, obviously.

"Fair" is not any less weasel than "free" in "free market". There's no free market when monopolistic corporations abuse their power.
No one wants to admit that DNA holds programming because it'll mean there's a Creator.

I have raised animals apart from their kind from birth. They know instinctively how to do things that cannot be taught or learned. How can two spiders for example know how to spin a web without every learning from another being?
Also, it was Google. I still would not wear something like that if it came from Google (or Meta, or any number of companies that make their money off our data).
> Or if you're parsing an uint8 into a type that logically must be between 1 and 100, what's the internal type that you parse it into that isn't a uint8?

Just for the sake of example, your internal representation might start from 0, and you just add 1 whenever you output it.

Your internal type might also not be a uint8. Eg in Python you would probably just use their default type for integers, which supports arbitrarily big numbers. (Not because you need arbitrarily big numbers, but just because that's the default.)
> You don't want to touch that complexity at all if you care about ultra low latency.

This is less about a given criterion (such as ultra low latency) than about an adequate global performance (multiple requirements: max latency, average latency, perceived interactive latency, throughput...) on a high-yield machine (more often than not the implication being that it simultaneously has many different and changing missions).
Did you mean downvote? I didn't even realize I did it. Don't really care either.
Nonsense. You can put excess energy into large electric hot water heater tanks and use it later.

It requires a minimal amount of "smarts" and is all standard plumbing.
I can only hope you're speaking from a "man in the ring" perspective.
More normal looking than the Meta/RayBan glasses?
I don’t know that this is good advice.

I shunned k8s for a long time because of the complexity, but the managed options are so much easier to use and deploy than pet servers that I can’t justify it any more. For anything other than truly trivial cases, IMO kubernetes or (or similar, like nomad) is easier than any alternative.

The stack I use is hosted Postgres and VKS from Vultr. It’s been rock solid for me, and the entire infrastructure can be stored in code.
Shell closes all of its hydrogen refuelling stations for cars in California
I recently introduced my wife to the process of creating a sourdough starter. We created our own over two weeks. I used the yeast and bacteria in the starter to jump start a crock of peppers that I'm fermenting to make hot sauce.
who needs a pick up that cant actually do pick up tasks like tow?