skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Getting Started with RAG in DSPy
Hello world, DSPy! I am SUPER excited to share a new video walking through the end-to-end of how to use DSPy to optimize the CIFAR-10 for LLM programs, RAG with FAQs!

This tutorial contains 4 major parts: (1) library installation, settings, and creating a dataset with dspy.Example objects, (2) LLM metrics, (3) The DSPy programming model, and (4) Optimization!!

We’ll initialize our RAG prompt off with a very simple `Please answer the question based on the context` prompt, and DSPy then optimizes a new description of the task more aligned with the domain of the FAQs, as well as input-output examples from few-shot learning! All guided by the judgement of our LLM metric!

If you’ve ever trained a neural network and had the joy of watching your loss function decrease with each epoch, you will enjoy compiling DSPy programs! I haven’t personally been as excited since training my first CIFAR-10 classifier with Keras!

It is such an exciting time to be learning about DSPy! I am super grateful to everyone on the DSPy team and members of the DSPy community both on Twitter/X and Discord, who have all helped tremendously in developing my understanding of the tool! We are just scratching the surface with DSPy and there is so much more to come! Here is the video, I hope you find it useful!

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CEuUG4Umfxs
> I think you're assuming renewable means infinite.

No, for the purpose of this dumb exercise of mine, I mean the resource we use for energy production is replenishable.

> It's not a fixed resource that we're depleting.

What I mean is that the Sun is going to exhaust its H supply. We just happen to harvest part of its output, but it's depleting itself whether we harvest it or not, so we might as well do it :shrug:.

So at our scale it looks like infinite but in the strictest sense it's a consumable that does not replenish.

Fundamentally that makes it not different from nuclear fuel (whether heavy fissile ones or hydrogen if we manage fusion someday) which as you mention are in ample supply, yet we consider them to not be renewable while the sun would be? The only difference is a) the Sun is (much) bigger thus will last (much) longer and b) we delegate fuel logistics and fusion reaction to the sun.

But then again, trees are not really renewable, they got to get energy from somewhere to grow... IOW they're essentially CHO-based solar batteries.

As I said, I was not trying to make any point, just being extremely pedantic about semantics for fun ;)

> the definition of renewable

> A renewable resource (also known as a flow resource) is a natural resource which will replenish to replace the portion depleted by usage and consumption, either through natural reproduction or other recurring processes in a finite amount of time in a human time scale. When the recovery rate of resources is unlikely to ever exceed a human time scale, these are called perpetual resources

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renewable_resource

Essentially the definition is focused on resource when it's really about time (esp. our extremely small time scale vs stellar scale). The resource in reality doesn't replenish, rather it's so huge that we can consider our usage of it well below rounding error. IOW from our very small "rounding error" human point of view it might as well be considered infinite.
I miss phones with curved backs. Thinner on the sides than in the middle, I mean. They were so much more comfortable to hold than today's square slabs.

https://www.tmonews.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/htc10side...
If the alternative it to ignore one of the biggest developing markets then yeah, maybe they should start trying to catch up. Unless you think GPU compute is a fad that's going to fizzle out?
"Adults who are married report being far happier than those in any other relationship status, according to a Gallup Poll published Friday."

The study includes people that can have relationships other than marriage.
Obviously every state is different, and all state labor departments do surely go after wage theft to some extent. But as an example, my state does not have a "department of labor" - too commie! Instead it's the Department of Economic Opportunity. So one might imagine how much effort they put into small-time wage disputes.
In criminal law, the guy who tries to shoot you but misses will get punished as well. Now whether this is a good parallel or not, your decision.
I mean, I also had to look up what CUDA stands for.
RTO doesn't change anything about that. It'll still be cheaper to hire in low cost areas.
Anecdote from the other side: my zwave devices just work for 8 years now, while there are times some zigbee devices just don’t respond. I suspect the zwave network is more stable because all routers are powered all the time, while I have lots of zigbee bulbs that are behind a real switch so they leave the network if I turn the lights off. There seems like to be no way in zigbee from preventing those devices to be used as routers.
An Antidote to Subscription Fatigue
I've been thinking to learn Rust for these use cases, but always get frustrated with the complexity.

I find Go is a great middle-ground though! And now there starts to be a few more bio-related tools and toolkits out there, including:

- https://github.com/vertgenlab/gonomics

- https://github.com/biogo/biogo

- https://github.com/pbenner/gonetics

- https://github.com/shenwei356/bio

... except from there being some really popular bio tools written in Go, like:

- https://github.com/shenwei356/seqkit

I think Go lost a bit of steam in bio after Rust started to take off, but it seems the field is growing to such an extent, and people are also starting to realize Rust isn't the answer to everything. I.e. it is fantastic for fast tools, but for replacing Python for all of the various ad hoc coding in biology ... nah, not so much. That's where I think Go shines.
Maybe, but I know of a case where a contractor for a fortune 500 company working in IT had I think some of his salary stolen (in Texas).

The company released the contract and he was put on the bench working for the contracting firm on their projects. They would pay him once per month. They fired him after a few months, not pay him is back pay.

He filed a claim with Texas, nothing was done. When he told me (a year or 2 later) I said he should file with the Federal Gov, but he did not want to.

So it can happen in office work too.
It's worth it to the tune of $50 billion per year with only $3 billion recovered
Two wrongs don't make a right in the eyes of the law I'm afraid. That said, there's been plenty of cases where the punishment for a crime was lessened due to the circumstances, like assault in self-defense. Dunno if that applies to theft vs wage theft though.

That said, it's not a crime if you don't get caught. This too goes both ways.
How did you build drawers without a planer or atleast a jointer? Did to buy pre surfaced wood or spend hours with a bench plane?
Completely agree. Which is why I dont think it is an iPhone killer or replacement.
AMD should have the funds to push both of these initiatives at once. If the ROCM team has political reasons to kill the competition, it is because they are scared it will succeed. I've seen this happen in big companies.

But management at AMD should be above petty team politics and fund both because at the company level they do not care which solution wins in the end.
That's a shame but I don't see how that's the US responsibility. This seems like a call for imperialism more than anything else. Let Mexico govern themselves please.
> America isn't unique in being diverse,

As a European who spent 3 years driving all around the western half of the US, I really wouldn't even call America very diverse. The climate changes more than the people. The difference between city and rural is bigger than the difference between north and south; rural people in Montana and Arizona just aren't that different.
Have a look at the latest commit and the level of change.

Effectively the internal commits while he was working for AMD aren't in the repo, but the squashed commit contains all of the changes.
I don't use OpenStreeMap because their data quality is poor.
What's the overlap between "people who choose to listen to NPR" and "gender essentialists"?
AMD is betting big on GPUs. They recently released the MI300, which has "2x transistors, 2.4x memory and 1.6x memory bandwidth more than the H100, the top-of-the-line artificial-intelligence chip made by Nvidia" (https://www.economist.com/business/2024/01/31/could-amd-brea...).

They very much plan to compete in this space, and hope to ship $3.5B of these chips in the next year. Small compared to Nvidia's revenues of $59B (includes both consumer and data centre), but AMD hopes to match them. It's too big a market to ignore, and they have the hardware chops to match Nvidia. What they lack is software, and it's unclear if they'll ever figure that out.
Lots of patent hate in the first few comments.

If we take the position that an inventor should be able to try and get profit from their invention how can we protect that without patent system?
Unless it changes, I can't see it killing the iPad. VR is very isolating. You normally are using it alone somewhere and if you aren't, people can't really interact with you outside of the helmet.

You can sit in a meeting with an iPad or around other people with no issues.
Indeed, they definitely screwed that one up.
> Having no overtime for salaried employees

This is just the definition of "salaried employee".
Yeah they sure are extra super stupid. oNE Would think they could induce the stupid, but I've been hitting myself in the head with a fry pan all weekend and I still not the stupids!
Alternating Arms May Dramatically Boost the Effect of Covid-19 Vaccines
I have no idea what CUDA stands for, and I live just fine without knowing it.
This is heavily reducing the human experience. Even better technology and post-scarcity aren't magic solutions to all of the insanely weird evolutionary quirks/pitfalls/problems built into our monkey brains.

Having a planet of hyper long-lived people who never have to work hard, who are constantly fed without concern, fully dependent on advanced technology sounds like the context of a YA novel. In reality, none of us are hardwired for that kind of lifestyle. Hell, we're not even hardwired for this one. We're just messily and sloppily trying to hang on as we stumble forward. Core human conflicts and oppositions and disputes and wars and existential meltdowns and all of the other things our emergent survival consciousness deal with aren't going anywhere.
Going to the police is dangerous. Cops hurt people, both intentionally and unintentionally. Never ever talk to cops unless you are legally compelled to do so, and only then with a lawyer.

Getting the cops involved is like showing up with an assault rifle. Even if you intend that no one gets hurt, it's a a dangerous escalation.
This.

762 changed files with 252,017 additions and 39,027 deletions.

https://github.com/vosen/ZLUDA/commit/1b9ba2b2333746c5e2b05a...
Ask HN: How to get invoices from un-registered freelancers?
Most freelancers I know are not registered in their country for various reasons (example they come from countries where the figure of "freelancer" isn't even a legal thing yet). But our company needs legal invoices, which they cannot provide.

We're currently using a freelancing platform simply for this problem, which means he's losing 10% and I am paying an extra 5% just for this.

Any better solution?

Note: Paypal invoices don't count. They can send a paypal invoice but that has zero legal value if he's not a registered business entity (according to my accountant).
But with enough lobbying, it _could_ be legal!

(This to point out that most lobbies are to employers what unions are to employees)
IIRC (this could be old news) AMD GPUs are preferred in the supercomputer segment because they offer better flops/unit energy. However without a cuda-like you're missing out on the AI part of supercompute, which is increasing proportion.

The margins on supercompute-related sales are very high. Simplifying, but you can basically take a consumer chip, unlock a few things, add more memory capacity, relicense, and your margin goes up by a huge factor.
How is the US responsible for Mexicans raping other Mexicans? Is it our responsibility to stop all bad things from happening or just those that happen in Mexico? Should we have a police force on Mexican soil?
What stops you from using SwiftUI with Python?
I don't, sadly. The only coverage of this that was first-principles accessible was the course taught by Prof Stergios Romelioutis where I went to grad school.

You could do fine by reading some old books by Bar-Shalom. Any practical textbook like his would include all the "other stuff" about the EKF that helps you understand how nonperforming it often is.

But the actual derivation of the EKF is probably only one or two pages in such a textbook, which is a damn shame nobody includes it.

The background required is simply:

* Know the form of exponential family of PDFs (like Normal Gaussian)

* Bayes rule

* Recognize that to maximize f~= exp(-a), you have to minimize 'a'

* Know how to take derivative of matrix equation ('a', above)

* Solve it

* Use 'matrix inversion lemma' to transform solution to what KF/EKF provides.

Ah hell, I'll just write it up.
I guess waiting staff was always seen as a "gig economy" in the US. (Where I live, it's a salaried job, 3-6 months of notice from the employer and so on.)
As I wrote in the article, it was privately developed the past 2+ years while being contracted by AMD during that time... In a private GitHub repo. Now that he's able to make it public / open-source, he squashed all the changes into a clean new commit to make it public. The ZLUDA code from 3+ years ago was when he was experimenting with CUDA on Intel GPUs.
> at this rate the Earth will stop rotating in 50 billion years,

That's not what the link you posted says. It states that that's when the Earth-Moon system will be tidally locked, so that the Moon orbits the Earth at the same rate that the Earth rotates around its axis.

Kind of if the earth slowed so that one "day" took the equivalent of 28 days now. The earth would be locked with one side always facing the moon, so there would be no tides, but it would still be rotating. Except it will end up be a longer "day" than that, because as energy is transferred to the Moon its orbit is raised, which slows it down.
> Assuming those people are being compensated for the elder care they provide, why is that selfish?

The thing is that an elderly person in care can never compensate those who take care of them, because they do not work and do not produce anything. They can only scam their caretakers by paying with fake fiat money that was allocated to the elderly before their care takers were even born.
I worked at Texas Roadhouse as a kid and this was the norm even for a chain.
I am currently a parent and still don’t understand it.

Why risk one medical bill ruining everyone’s life?

They aren’t that cute.
That's not cynical, it's simply truthful. It's also self-reported so perhaps the bond (?) of marriage contributes to exaggeration.

Futhermore, the system (if you will) is crafted and nudge to favor couples. That is there is intentional social friction against singles. For example, this Wednesday is Valentine's Day. That's not for singles. Applebees recently did that date night special thing. When restaurants have BOGO, again that disadvantages singles.

To frame it in more politically correct terms, singles suffer significantly more microaggession than couples do. The point is, the problem isn't being single per se, it's the environment in which that condition is forced to exist that's the problem.
"DEI with Chinese Characteristics"
What would be required to get a court to order Sable pay the legal fees Cloudflare incurred?
So weird, but so believable.
> Two wrongs don't make a right in the eyes of the law I'm afraid

Of course it doesn't. But you'd still think that the one theft couldn't be reprimanded by a court while the other was handwaved at the same time. What would be interesting wouldn't be if someone could get away with that (they couldn't, and shouldn't) but whether the fact that the matter was taken to court - presumably by the employer who was also guilty of a provable crime - led to any consequences for the employer.
I mean the newest iPhones have a programmable button on the side that will let you run a shortcut to launch any app you want to among other things…
WFH is great, until you realize that you are now competing with 10X the amount of applicants with radically different pay requirements.
They’re just voting with their (fat) wallets!
I use my mac docked and closed, so I hardly ever see the notch.

However I think Apple should be able to use some fancy engineering to keep the camera as hidden as possible in the edge of the screen surround. Or use multiple fibre optic points embedded in the screen along with those fancy neural processors to create an eye-to-eye webcam.
Yes, exactly.

And it’s underhanded and illegal when employers do it, because there’s an imbalance of power between employee and employee.

Unions exist to even out that balance of power. When employers engage in that kind of activity it further increases the imbalance of power.

For example, in this case, they were using that tactic to support their ability to steal from employees.
Orient it the same way as someone who could but doesn't.
> Life is composed of both happiness and tragedies, but tragedies by far outnumber the happiness. If I were to specify an exact number, perhaps somewhere in the vicinity of 9:1 tragedies:happiness.

> Some of the tragedies are also guaranteed and unavoidable from the moment you are born.

That's a grim perspective of life. For your personal life, do you think that the happiness you've experienced worth the tragedies that have happened to you? If so, don't you want another human (your child) to experience the same?

If it's not worth it, what makes you keep on living, then? (Assuming that you do.) Or do you wish that you had never been born in the first place?
So polyglot programing workflows via PTX targeting are equally supported?
Earth is a rock
One of the most important decisions a company can do, is to decide which markets they'll focus in and which they won't. This is even true for megacorps (see: Google and their parade of messups). There's just not enough time to be in all markets all at once.

So, again, it's not at all clear that AMD being in the compute GPU game is the automatic win for them in the future. There's plenty of companies that killed themselves trying to run after big profitable new fad markets (see: Nokia and Windows Phone, and many other cases).

So let's examine that - does AMD actually have a good shot of taking a significant chunk of market that will offset them not investing in some other market?
I'm sorry for your loss.

How many staff vs other attendees?

I don't see the value of that scenario. Who is saving face?
Between timers and motions sensors, I'm pretty much fully covered. There just isn't a reason for me to turn something on or off when I'm away.
x86 is not the same, the courts forced the release of x86 architecture to AMD during an antitrust lawsuit
Understanding business strategy helps developers prioritize projects
There are been a lot of fuss about that in the UK time trial scene with rider mounting 3d printed parts behind their arms and calves to lower their drag.
I used to run ZHA on my Home Assistant setup, and switched to Z2M a couple years ago.

At the time it had a longer list of supported devices, and the UI for configuring them was better. It felt kind of “dirty” to layer in yet another protocol (MQTT) between the Zigbee side and the HA side, but it’s worked great.

It could very well be that ZHA today is the same or even better than Z2M, but at the time I made the switchover, there was some device that I couldn’t use with ZHA that Z2M supported.
I don't think you can generalize it like that. It really depends whether the complexity is necessary or not, and that's context-dependent.

If the implementation is too simple, it may have issues that impact its reliability. For example, code may be using simple linear search instead of fancier data structures/algorithms, and have issues with handling larger inputs or have accidentally-quadratic code paths. Or may updating data files without the complexity of atomic writes or inter-process locking, and corrupt its data if it's unexpectedly killed/restarted.

Implementations that are too simple may be less secure, e.g. lack features for precise access controls, or sandboxing. Simple parsers can become a vulnerability (e.g. request smuggling attacks from underestimating complexity of edge cases in HTTP and URLs).

Too-simple tools may just push complexity and security risks elsewhere. There's an endless supply of simple templating engines that make it too easy to introduce XSS vulnerabilities.
It's a lie which I'm frankly astonished so many people fall for. Put yourself in the shoes of the profit maximizing firm for once: Why would you pay dollars per hour for bespoke human cognition when store brand costs pennies of electricity and works [almost as well/just as well/even better]?
If you work, you deserve a living wage. Tipped labor sucks for a host of reasons, but even if you pick a "bad" restaurant you should still get enough money from your work to live.
One thing that clicked for me is that two uncertain distribution of measurements (a high variance in the distribution) makes a “more certain” measurement (a narrower distribution). Use this more certain measurement and combine it with the next measurement, then rinse and repeat and boom, you have a Kalman filter.
With the most recent card being their one year old flagship ($1k) consumer GPU...

Meanwhile CUDA supports anything with Nvidia stamped on it before it's even released. They'll even go as far as doing things like adding support for new GPUs/compute families to older CUDA versions (see Hopper/Ada and CUDA 11.8).

You can go out and buy any Nvidia GPU the day of release, take it home, plug it in, and everything just works. This is what people expect.

AMD seems to have no clue that this level of usability is what it will take to actually compete with Nvidia and it's a real shame - their hardware is great.
In fact I'm a 30-something man who lives in a multi-generational household (with my parents). I'm under the impression that it's not considered an attractive quality.
> That is a post-hoc fallacy, implying LG sold poorly because it stuck with these design choices

No, clearly saying that LG tried all the OP was asking, but there wasn't enough of a market for it, so OP is obviously in the non-sufficiently profitable minority.
Libcount: HyperLogLog++ Implementation in C/C++
> If we take the position that an inventor

But most software patents aren't inventions; they're just brain farts with money behind them. They might not be trolls, but they went to the toilet, had some random idea I had 20000 times in my life already, but they patent it genuinely thinking it's anything original.

There are many none trolls, like the famous Amazon one-click buy one; everyone in web dev invented that in the 90s by themselves; they patented it. How is it worth protecting?

If you did invent and put the time and effort, how about selling your products; if someone else does it better, that's life. Especially in software; the pain is in the development and finishing, not the invention. The idea is absolutely worthless, outside this broken patent system.
This being HackerNews, I would have expected most people here work for a company that is aiming to disrupt the status quo through technology.
Because it blows up the whole discussion doesnt it? I think this whole thing is a form of nerdy pseudoscience.
Cisco wields axe again as results season swings around
> but that house as much smaller than the typical house today.

I can't remember the last time I saw a dining room in a new house, anecdotally.