skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Counterintuitively, the less you specify the universe, the less you need to run it. What happens is your runtime bloats like crazy, exponentially or even beyond. But the TM itself becomes simpler and simpler as you remove constraints.

The TM to run all possible TMs is not complicated. Putting it together is an extended homework problem. Probably even easier to put together the lambda calculus expression to evaluate all possible lambda calculus expressions, or the equivalent in other TM-complete computation models. (We use TMs because they have some nice proof characteristics but we pay for those with the difficulty of "programming" them.) To say our universe is "certainly" in there is a difficult statement to prove, but all possible arbitrarily-precise simulations of it must be, even if an "arbitrarily precise" simulation functions with an arbitrarily-large lookup table of the random results of quantum interactions. The TM that runs all TMs isn't just running all the cute little TMs with 12 states that reverse a string or something. It runs all of them. Even the ones with Tree(Tree(3)) states in them. Even the ones with numbers of states that make Tree(Tree(3)) look tiny. And then the ones that make those look tiny, and so on.

It's just that the resources required to run this are effectively infinite, on the grounds that no universe could ever have enough resources to reach its own execution, let alone anything else.
We compared popular SMTP providers on deliverability, reliability, scalability, and more: find out the best provider to send transactional and marketing emails.
It happens everywhere to some extent.
Had it not been for the Android team being big Gradle fans, and it would be used as much as Grails nowadays.
Generally I hew to the htmx + alpine, as I'm a djangonaut but pure vanilla js without library would be excellent too. Because I otherwise like the choices of technologies you've used. Astro is cool and been meaning to tinker with it, stripe of course (though I'd argue you should incorporate getlago instead so people aren't vendor-locked to stripe / getlago you can still use stripe just helps adaptability in case stripe goes weird). Plausible analytics is nice, much better than GA imo. Sendgrid is what I'd normally reach for so that makes sense. Tailwind is what I use for css always so that's great too. So it really is just the lack of a vanilla JS (or lightwight js library like htmx/alpine, etc.) that would prevent my personal adoption of this saas. I know you're using Wasp or planning on using Wasp to implement e.g. authentication etc. which makes sense. But I can't help but wish there was a way to be backend agnostic (not easy I'm sure) such that I could use e.g. django. It would open up a lot more potential customers if you did want to e.g. provide commercial support to people who adopt this open-source saas. Anyway, best of luck eh and good work so far
https://investors.23andme.com/news-releases/news-release-det...
I've never heard of solipsism and so read a paragraph on wikipedia. I've wondered myself about sorta the same concept. Everything you could possibly know and understand can only come from your senses. I guess simulation theory is like the probability of a MITM attack on your senses...

/didn't read the article
> you cannot build a table on top of a relation

Of course you can; it is in the very definition of the Table which is a manifestation of a Relation. Relationships (which can also be mathematical Relations) across Tables/Views are a different thing.

> hence it being a subset.

No, all Relations are Tables but not all Tables are Relations because of ordering, duplicates, nulls.
So: You sign your message and then attach the public key and push that to a relay?

How would anyone reading that message know that this was actually signed by you and is your public key? There has to be a trusted exchange of the public key before or the relay could just spoof your message. Some messaging apps do a thing where you meet in person and scan the other persons QR code for example. Otherwise, you have to trust the relay. But as I understand it that is not the idea of it.

Again, if you sign a message with a list of pub keys, what if the relay disappears? How do you get around that problem at all without hosting your own relay?

About the relays disappearing, how will people find you on a new set of relays you choose unless they are reading from those already? Relays don't communicate with each other.

Other protocols like ActivityPub ultimately have the same problem. You have to host your own mastodon server to address these things.

I understand the signed message. But this is not P2P, the relay is the (untrusted) middleman. So how is that in any way different than just sending someone an email and signing it? Or publishing signed messages in any other place online? Is it about the convenience of very quickly being able to switch to another relay without a hassle?
Isn't the real lesson "pay for multi-year registration"? Or "make sure your have auto-renew on"? Or perhaps "add funds to your account to pay for critical services"? Or even "put a reminder in your diary a month ahead of time"?

I get how crap Namecheap are - but presumably they send out reminder emails?
Or computer science, at least when the code is also published.

(That said, performance measurements in most papers are complete junk. Most code written by academics is missing trivial, obvious optimisations which could completely change any comparative benchmarking results.)
I'm sure many of these tactics are already illegal. But at this point that's just a marketing expense for them. I'm certain that whatever their fine will be, ist's nothing compared to how many user they managed to convert to Edge with this strategy.
oh there is a point - easier layoffs
Upside-down, like a dead cockroach: https://www.behance.net/gallery/36272401/Dear-Apple-about-yo...
Same issue at enom for those domains. They have to be auto renewed by a date before the expiration date. Manual payment is not possible even before that date. If you miss it you can watch as the domain goes into redemption after the expiration date.
In the US, anyone can sue anyone for anything. If the check comes with a legal agreement, especially notarized, being made whole is easy. Worst case, they take the collateral (house, car) back and get to sell it again. And then there's the fines and jail time if the local prosecutor takes an interest. It's all downside for the aspiring thief.

There are kinds of check fraud people get away with it, but none of them involve legal names and an address to send a summons to.
You're fighting some pretty hard core straw men here. I haven't mentioned cardiovascular disease nor actually anything related to the good or the bad of consuming meat anywhere in my comment. HN is not the right place for flamebait.
Forget Something? You're Supposed to Do That
The original creator of Arthur C. Clarke.
That was the original idea behind .name. You buy firstname.lastname.name. When it wasn’t a huge success they got bored and it reverted to a regular tld.
Since it kept me up, I'll update..

Let's simplify and look at three balls, whose possible permutations are

1. rrr
2. rrg
3. rgr
4. rgg
5. grr
6. grg
7. ggr
8. ggg

There are two approaches that are intuitive and wrong, and then the right approach. Specifically it depends which question you're answering.

1. What are the odds when picking two random balls over and over from the same permutation.

- You might assume the odds of each ball are completely independent, making the odds of a first red n/100, and then a second red slightly lower at n-1/99. This is what happens when you pick two random balls over and over from the same permutation.

2. What are the odds when picking the first and second balls from a random permutation.

- You might assume that if you've selected a red ball first you must be in permutations 1-4, making the odds of a second red ball 50% (permutations 1-2). This is what happens when choosing the first (and second) ball in order from a random permutation.

3. What are the odds when picking a random ball from a random permutation.

- This is what we're actually being asked to do.

- In this case the odds of picking red first are proportional to the number of reds in the permutation. Specifically, picking red is guaranteed when in permutation 1, and 67% likely when in permutations 2,3, and 5, but only 33% likely when in scenarios 4, 6, and 7, and impossible in scenario 8. While it is equally likely to be in permutations 4 or 5, unlike scenario 2, you're more likely to choose a red ball when in 5 than 4, and in general, you're more likely to pick a red ball first when in a permutation that has more red balls to choose from. And because it does, the second draw is more likely to be red as well.

- Like in the Monty Hall problem, the color of the first ball is, while random, unintuitively not arbitrary, but rather an indication that there are more balls of that color to choose from in the urn, which gives you an advantage in knowing what the second draw will be.
I have a similar working theory.

This is a problem in many formal, detail-and-rule-obsessed cultures. Germany, like Japan, is lauded for its industrial engineering/manufacturing — but has the exact same hilarious obsession with government paperwork.

Meanwhile, more creative and permissive cultures — like say, Sweden (outsized influence on global fashion/culture/tech given its size), have far less paperwork.
Do any of them keep their word regarding renewal costs? The prices for the initial year always seem good and the next year is shown as something that's usually higher but still reasonable, but what stops them from continuing the trend and just jacking it up once you're invested and force you to either pay anything they want or lose the domain? All of the budget registrars seem shady enough to run that sort of racket, it's predatory pricing 101 after all.
It sounds like they're all (government officials) just trying to keep their obsolete jobs alive by clinging to old methods of doing things under the guise of it being more reliable. Dozens of people don't need to service a few customers for perfection. The opposite. That's too many cooks in the kitchen. They need fewer people and fewer processes. The more convoluted the process, the higher likelihood of screw ups.
There's also Dapr. https://dapr.io/
> Tong quickly admits that his claim to refute the simulation hypothesis is just “clickbait”—i.e., an excuse to talk about the fermion doubling problem—and that his “true” argument against the simulation hypothesis is simply that Elon Musk takes the hypothesis seriously (!).

I approve this troll.
The U.S. and China Want the Same Landing Spot for Upcoming Moon Missions
I’m in no way an introvert. Part of my day job until six months ago was flying around the country talking to people doing requirements analysis, supporting pre-sales, training, the business dinners after work small talk etc and of course some development.

But I also until last year “worked for a FAANG” remotely without having to leave my medium cost of living area and a year in, I was able to move to an even cheaper area with no state income tax where the local job market sucks for my specialty.

It’s a big tourist area.

As far as the company outsourcing somewhere cheaper, if after all of these years I’ve been in the industry all I can do is “codez real gud” and I’m that easily replaceable, I’ve done something remarkably wrong.
It's always been a worry of mine that I might have an issue with renewing some of the domains I really rely on, and that sorting out the problem might take longer than the amount of time I have left before it expires.

So one year, whenever a domain came up for renewal, I bought a two year renewal on it. And since then, I renew all my domains at the same time every year (first week of January, but you could do it any time) when there's between 1 and 2 years left on all of them. If there's ever a problem dealing with the renewal, I've got plenty of time to sort it out.

Yes, the registrar gets to keep (on average) 18 months worth of registration fees on account, as it were, but for me it's worth the peace of mind.
We can safely assume MIT has a much higher quality output than King Abdulaziz University back in Jeddah.

In general, State Flagships and Ivy Leagues+Ivy Tier Privates are largely comparable research output wise.

The GP is right about prestige minimizing bad practices. Look at how diluted Northeastern's brand has become by trying to artificially inflating their prestige [1]

[1] - https://www.bostonmagazine.com/news/2014/08/26/how-northeast...
> For example Nokia had Copy & Paste years before Apple. But it was shit

To be fair iOS copy and paste is still shit today, selecting and copying/pasting is really one of the worst experiences on iOS.
It also unfortunately doesn't support a lot of tlds. I have to use different registrars for that.

As far as I remember, the standard average price for a .com back then was like $10 and route 53 was $12. Wasn't a big problem considering how robust the dns panel was compared to everything else at the time.
Who's going to replicate an experiment that takes a $5 billion particle accelerator?

For that matter, who's going to replicate a condensed matter experiment for which a grad student took three years to build the apparatus at a cost of $250,000?

Peer review is an absolute joke. In principle researchers could publish their data sets and reviewers could see if they could replicate the analysis but they don't do it because they know if they tried they'd get different answers, see

https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-023-03177-1
its the worst i've seen since 2000
marvelous, sad game

I remember being frustrated/saddened enough to dive into source code to find optimal strategy, and I found that even with this knowledge game kept my interest:

- each "year"(second) each death reason rolls its probability. If civ survives, there's also per year chance of developing tech on its own. It's optimal to advance tech asap

- technologies and a couple of lategame events change these probabilities - usually by removing small chance of early reason and adding new higher chance for later reason. It's mostly optimal to develop techs in clusters that cancel most of each other out and advance self-tech chance.

- tech tree roughly separates into 3 ages: early (up to and including sailing), middle (up to and excluding "modern times" with biology, transistors and newspapers) and late

early tech has (1)writing+math+astronomy techs that don't give additional death chance in any combo, but increase tech chance - research first (2)agri+fish+tools and fire+construction, metal+sailing that have higher death chance when you have all but 1 or 2 of them than if you have full cluster - focus if self-tech triggers (also agri and fish before tools) (3)architecture->plumbing decreases death chance - focus

middle tech doesn't change death chance, so you have a breather

late tech is most deadly - (1)taxonomy->germ->genetics tech branch has great death decrease on 2nd step, but last one gives high chance of bioweapon death (so don't. you'll fear self-tech doing it too); (2)exploding nukes event increases world war death chance, world peace event decreases it; (3)Ai is great danger but necessary - do it as late as possible (iirc there's like 1/3 chance of death on these last 1-2 steps)

When you learn all the numbers it becomes a great "tension - breather - tension" game, but still not with that high of a winrate. Nearby supernova death having a chance all the way through is kinda funny

---

fun fact - I learned math behind Markov Chains just solve this game. Civs have like 1e-12 or 1e-15 chance of survival on their own, iirc (it was something very small, I don't remember now)
The difference is, I can customize my mail reader to my preferences. I can use macros to streamline my repetitive work with it. Neither is easily done with forges.
No offence to them of course, but they already took the lower hanging fruit. It's hard to come up with fundamental axioms and laws when they have already been found. And there are definitely people around that have the same potential.
Quality has been tested against every other service and matches or outperforms them.

Many of the current users are native speakers, and every day I work with them to get it better accustomed to what they're expecting

I put a live demo on the site though - I encourage you to verify this yourself!
Mortgage companies typically require home insurance (and often pay it themselves from an escrow account so they can be sure it's up to date). It would surprise me if renter's insurance was generally required. Even if I have a nominal permanent address, I may not actually have a lease or spend much time there (if any).

The basic point is that most people in the US will want some permanent address where they can get mail etc. and is where they live from the perspective of official government documents. But they may not actually live there (and aren't required to).
I just went through a rough case this week where one of my employees was overemployed FT by three companies and pushing commits to these throughout the workday. When confronted he denied it despite overwhelming evidence, gaslighted me by painting me as untrusting and used that as an excuse to quit. This new problem is only possible with remote work.
YYYY/MM/DD is in order of size. Y > M > D makes some kind of sense.
My hamsters live longer than 15 clicks :)
as long as the probability of being in a simulation is > 0 and then given enough time it's pretty much guaranteed.
So it's probably best to consider it for unit and "small scale" aggregated functional testing then? This is actually the first time I've come across it. It seems like it would be good to consider it for new projects or new features but would be quite an ask to retrofit it on legacy code that wasn't already well "unit tested"?
The direct-debit form for my daughters school fees had the option for the school submitting the information via MO (Magneto-Optical) (along with paper, floppy, dvd and data transfer) https://bitbang.social/@kalleboo/111821793740460988

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magneto-optical_drive
Ask HN: Why would my Apple Id password no longer work?
My Apple Id password no longer seems to work. I tried to install an app on my iPhone, I'm asked for my app store password, which is rejected, twice.

I'm at a loss what's going on. I also notice that iCloud and AppleId sites are very slow to load, and many times do not load properly at all.

Does anyone have any idea what's going on? It is that the password is checked online or something, and that check is failing for some network reasons? Is there a way to see it on my Macbook?

Just seems like it is too hard to understand why some Apple stuff can be so unreliable.
idk maybe you fall in that category too. if you're a climber i'm sure a stranger has looked at you with disgust and thought, "i can't believe that alternative frat bro climber exists."
It is all relative. Different skills are in demand at different times.

What is the unemployment level in your particular skill set or desired profession?

Smart and ambitious people, always have their resume up to date, and are looking. Although this is good advise I do not follow it as I am always delusional and think my current job is the best and no need to look.

My biggest regret looking back, was not changing jobs early when I first started. With 2 years in, I would recommend you look, but be selective.

Remember, you are, from an employer perspective, significantly better if you currently have a job, as opposed to unemployed. So be wary of possible layoffs.
For a business with only a few domains, but using AWS for any other services, the convenience of having them in Route 53 is worth the small additional cost.

Our most recent renewal cost $12.
MS has been a front for the US’ three letter organizations for over a decade now.

Telemetry requested by the Feds. Online accounts requested by the Feds. Edge integration into the OS requested by the Feds.

Don’t listen to what these orgs have to say. Just watch what they do and see who it benefits.

Like Colombo used to say: Follow the money.
i am not 100% sure, but i think this one was the same one I browsed in a waiting room once and it was pretty cool -> https://www.siliconvalleysmarts.com/silicon-valley-book
Most of my career has been at startups, but I'm at a fairly large enterprise now. Agile is very different here. It's much more rigid. Every team has an agile coach, there are rules that must be followed, there are limits on who can make decisions about certain things, we do every sprint ceremony ever conceived every sprint, all pods must follow the exact same process. There's no flexibility and little acknowledgment of the original Manifesto principles (e.g. people over process). With an implementation like this, I can see why enterprises can fail to gain as much benefit from agile as promised.
Why the biggest EV maker is getting into shipping
The Northern Lights Make Music
Yes. It is brutal. Any position posted is swarmed with applicants. You’ll need some serious networking to get in the door. And even then, there’s already a line of equally capable people vying for the same roll.
Same thing with people working at McDonalds producing burgers that make people fat, unhealthy and give them heart attacks. It's the economy we live in. You're lucky if your job doesn't actively destroy society, nature, health or whatever else there is. Basically every job has side-effects. You build housing for the poor? Well, nature isn't going to be happy with you pouring concrete everywhere.
No it isn't.
Only if you think simulation theory only applies to YOU.
If you think you are the only one in the simulation, sure, it might be solipsism.

But that is not generally what simulation theory is speculating about.

Same with people miss-interpreting various ideas as Nihilism. Sure, if you take it from a vary narrow point of your own view, it might be.

In both cases, the people are generally not looking at the subject correctly.
"Old Smokers": Astronomers discover previously unknown type of star
First Bird Flu Deaths Reported in Antarctic Penguins
Very hyperbolic take. I agree there is serious competition elsewhere, but "dead company walking" is far from true.
The direct "immutable" equivalent of the bug code (purely based on my experience with .NET Core immutable collections) would have the setX methods return a new immutable datetime with the field set as requested. So just "use an immutable type" wouldn't fix this bug.

"Change the code completely so you supply all 3 components at the same time" obviously fixes the bug, but that doesn't require an immutable type.
[dupe]

Some more discussion: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=39196390
It's not like you have a choice, unless you deliberately want to work with tools that aren't best in class.
> Do many in academia advocate that?

That was my impression whenever paid review was mentioned. Nonetheless, it is also possible that more who dislike the idea were not voicing themselves.
Is it expected that the questions will not be in English?

> Erzähl mir von einem Mal, als du ein schwieriges Netzwerkproblem gelöst hast: Wie bist du vorgegangen?
Google has a better university ranking[1], with more experience in withstanding this kind of manipulation and no need to conform to expectations that Ivy League universities must be at the top.

[1]: https://www.google.com/search?q=university
I mean if a group of people has the same opinion, possibly instead of criticising the group of people, if you think there is a counterpoint to be made, just make the counterpoint:0
Bodily maps of musical sensations across cultures
I guess it depends on your definition of privacy but if you're thinking about end-to-end encryption then there's nothing like that in ActivityPub. Admins of the receiver and the sender can see all messages including direct messages. They are not visible to the broader public though.