skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
OK, so sorry, I was misusing the terms.

I guess I'm looking at it from a GUI application programmer POV. That OpenGL or Vulkan are, themselves, immediate mode, doesn't matter all that much there. Drawing happens on the GPU, which wants to process large buffers without changing its state in between. An overview of all drawing operations (scene graph, proper use of the term retained mode) with batching and merging is needed to cater to that.
Examples: Qt QML scene graph, GTK4 GSK

> You can composite buffers

Compositing buffers is still drawing, though

> What would I consider immediate mode?

Basically, a canvas-type thing. You just scribble wherever whenever (limited by convention and correctness, of course) and what you don't touch stays like it is. Drawing happens on the CPU, which is fairly happy to do small operations at the drop of a hat. No need to remember any state for the benefit of the graphics API.
Examples: Qt QPainter, GTK < 4 using Cairo
It seems like writing about how someone else should take responsibility is blaming by this definition, since it comes from the outside?

Or maybe a vague exhortation to do better doesn't count.
Fair enough, I honestly don't know the field. The point is not to change software as much as domain/instance, really.
vBulletin is commercial software; Discourse is open source.

While I'd agree that Discourse isn't ideal, it's one of the better options available in the open source world.
So is this small bit of information any use for figuring out the general case?
We Aren't Achieving the Copilot Experience in Data Systems
Who is Brian Dunning and what do they know about the subject?
Not directly. Valetudo exists though, it's a custom firmware you can flash to a lot of different models that is privacy focused.
Was just looking at buying a new printer a few minutes ago. Do people have recommendations for printers free of all this HP-style nonsense?
Also reCAPTCHA’s error rate is through the roof now. My nephew was unable to open a Steam account because it was erroneously rejecting correct responses and, of course, there’s no way to report this which won’t be ignored unless you can raise a fuss on social media or know someone who works at Google.
Afaik, fatigue limit just doesn't apply to carbon fiber since it's a metallurgic term. So not having a fatigue limit means something completely different than with alumin(i)um.

Carbon fiber can take an infinite amount of repeated stress as long as it doesn't exceed the stress limit. Now the resin can deteriorate but that's a much slower process than metal fatigue afaik.
Loads of people with driver's licenses can barely operate a sedan. Passing a CDL exam and not constantly getting into accidents driving a massive truck is a completely different thing.

Loads of drivers fret parallel parking. Imagine the difficulty of moving a 54' trailer perfectly straight into a bay at the bottom of a narrow ramp and not crushing anything in comparison to regular parallel parking.
> baking in a lot of assumptions about the setting that fail to generalize

That’s the point! That’s the entire point!

Mathematicians want the most general, most abstract approach. They want to generalise to a wide range of problems and not be painted into any one specific example.

Physics theories have an opposite goal to this: the ideal theory ought to take no parameters, and produce “reality” as the one and only possible outcome. The ideal theory ought not generalise to un-physical models.

For example, the mathematics of general relativity have excess degrees of freedom that must be constrained through additional restrictions. Similar issues turn up almost anywhere matrices are used: they have too many degrees of freedom.

Geometric Algebra is typically a better fit for what actually goes on in physics.

For example, rotation matrices have precision issues, gimbal lock, and can’t be robustly interpolated. Rotations implemented using GA have none of these issues.
Why did we not build a Postgres extension?
At PeerDB, we are building a first-class data-movement tool for Postgres, initially focusing on a fast and cost-effective way to replicate data from Postgres to Data Warehouses. We initially started by building PeerDB as an extension, but later changed our direction to develop it as a standalone Postgres tool rather than an extension. I wanted share the framework that we used to decide against building PeerDB as an extension. It will be useful for any Postgres company or developer evaluating whether to build their product as a Postgres extension or not:

We asked ourselves 3 main questions:

Is the PostgreSQL dialect necessary for this use case? The use case in question involved data movement, and the PostgreSQL dialect wasn't designed for that purpose. We received similar feedback from users. They preferred a simple and intuitive UI over a collection of UDF functions for replicating data from Postgres. If we were building a database like Citus or Timescale, offering a PostgreSQL dialect would be much more sensible!

How does building an extension affect the distribution strategy? Our target audience consists of Postgres users with either managed or self-managed deployments. If we were to create an extension, existing managed services like RDS might not easily support it, preventing managed service users from using PeerDB. We could develop a separate Postgres managed service that includes the PeerDB extension. However, this would pose a significant barrier for customers, as they would likely not prefer migrating their operational database just for an improved data-movement experience.

Does the technical debt of building and managing an extension justify the value it provides? As we were developing a data-movement tool interacting with multiple non-Postgres databases, we needed to choose a programming language that was both native and versatile in driver support. We selected Golang, as it offers more native support for both Postgres and Data Warehouses than C, C++, or Rust. Writing extensions in Go isn't straightforward. Indeed, we could have managed an external server (in Go) responsible for data movement and used GRPC for communication with that server from Postgres. However, this would involve managing multiple components and complicating the tech stack. Considering our answers to Questions 1 and 2, we thought it wasn't worth it.

To sum it up, deciding if a product should be a Postgres extension or its own thing really boils down to what you're trying to do. It's all about what works best for the job, how it fits with different types of users, and how much hassle it is to build and keep up.
Google continuing to forge ahead with the drug-dealer business model...

Seriously Google, are you trying to convince even yourselves that you are just IBM with slightly better food? I mean, this change just reeks of "we're out of ideas but the bean counters told us we need to find change in the couch somewhere".
Everyone is mentioning using 4090 and a smaller model, but I rarely see an analysis where the energy consumption is used.

I think Copilot is already highly subsidized by Microsoft.

Let's say you use Copilot around 30% of your daily work hours. How much kWh does an opensource 7B or 13B model use then in a month on one 4090?

EDIT:

I think for a 13B at 30% use per day it comes around 30$/no on energy bill.

So probably with a even more smaller but capable model can beat the Copilot monthly subscription.
You don't even need a HEPA filter. A lower grade filter will do fine as well for recirculating air: the idea is to reduce particles by passing the air of the room again and again through the filter. If you have a air source that has more particulate pollution than the sink a better filter makes more sense.
What? That image looks just like Bigfoot!
I think people focus on protectionism because that is the traditional tool to fight things like foreign government's unfair subsidy practices. However, you cant just have protectionism without fostering competition and innovation in order to succeed in creating a more competitive product/market. Example would be USA protectionism against Canada's bombardier. It only protected Boeing but didn't actually make Boeing make better planes, as we can see from all the recent issues.

So I think protectioism is fine as long as we properly setup an environment that allows for and encourages competition and innovation. However, that doesn't seem to be a path we are used to taking .
Should this not be part of "Show HN" ?

"Ask HN" is for questions to the community.
This is a bad way to measure things because SNAP benefit qualifications are measured by annual income and number of children.

Walmart could pay shelf-stockers $50/hr, but if they have 6 kids and work 20 hours a week, they would actually qualify for food stamps. Does that mean they're underpaid at $50/hr?
You and I are not having the same conversation. My perspective, which I think is, uh, quite well supported by the evidence, is that this was a drunken hip-hop dad joke where the "killing" reference is literally the lyrics to one of the more famous Tupac songs. Your perspective suggests that, had I made an image meme of Homer strangling Bart and labeled it the wrong way, I'd be "even jok[ing] about killing elected representatives".

Yes, I think you hold your point of view because it makes for a good story. Sorry that's patronizing.

Mostly this whole story is just very stupid and I'm embarrassed to be commenting on this thread at all, but I made the mistake of sticking my toes in it and now I can't resist well-actuallying.
Carbon is not only about weight. It has many interesting properties like dampening, stiffness in the right direction while being lean in another.

A carbon bike could be completely different from another. It’s like hiding springs in some part of the frame.

I may hear that some people don’t like the feeling of carbon. In fact, I prefer Aluminium. But my muscles prefer carbon because it filters a lot more vibrations.

So the article is both useless and completely ill-informed.
I feel like the “investing in the customer” part always seems the case with HP. The products never work properly unless you are willing to pay them more money or live with the extreme amount of bloatware in their PCs.
Given that the article starts off with a story about someone at the lower end of the economic spectrum being unable to afford a car, it seems borderline misleading to then discuss car affordability in terms of the average new or used car price. As you suggested, the fact that the average new car sale is $49k in no way prevents you personally from buying something like a Civic, Corolla, or Impreza and getting a perfectly good new car for half the price. It's not even like housing, where there are supply issues making things unaffordable. Car makers offer cheaper models and would presumably make more of them if more people demanded them.

Also while there is nothing wrong with spending $49k or more on a car, it's wild to me that this is the average new car sale price in the US considering the median household income is something like $75k. Spending an equivalent to 2/3 of your yearly income on a depreciating asset when there are perfectly reasonable cheaper alternatives does not seem reasonable as the rule rather than the exception. If you make a lot of money or like nice cars, sure, but as the case for the average buyer...wow.
I'm replying to the comment "I don't trust any corporation in any matter". But that is hard to do in practice. It would just take too much time for an individual to test every food they ever eat. Likewise I'm not going to take apart every product that is CE or CL certified to make sure it meets standards that I'm not even educated on.

I don't have blind faith, I have some faith that trusting the certification processes in most matters is more cost effective for me than to verify everything myself. Especially for lasers that have strictly defined classes based on power output. That sort of trust does take on some risk. But I'm content with that level of risk. Things seem much safer now than they did when I was a kid.
The only Outside Online articles that I don't regret clicking on are from Alex Hutchinson, who writes mostly about performance studies:

https://www.outsideonline.com/byline/alex-hutchinson/
> Govt meddling on social media platforms

And the government having unfettered knowledge of every site you visit - in particular the more salacious ones - is how we solve that? Surely that won't be used as a political cudgel to secure power at any point, nor will it ever be used to target specific demographics or accidentally get leaked.
The problem with CL is not that it does everything, but that it does everything with a mish-mash of inconsistent idioms, thick layers of jargon, and implementation-specific behavior in places where you wouldn't really expect, leading to a combination of implementation lock-in and dependence on 3rd-party libraries that is stronger than one might expect at first.

My (least) favorite example:

(nth needle haystack)
(aref haystack needle)

Ugh! But then again, what other language provides both AREF and ROW-MAJOR-AREF?

And of course CL tooling is just weird if you aren't used to it.

Quicklisp is amazing! But it has no CLI and doesn't use HTTPS for package downloads.

Swank and Slynk is amazing! But clients other than Slime and Sly are second-class citizens.

SBCL can generate a compiled binary, cool! But the routine is called "save-lisp-and-die".

ASDF expects you to either put all of your Common Lisp projects in a single directory, or hard-code project locations in a config file. Does Go still do that too?

Ancient alien technology for sure, but at least moderately damaged upon crash-landing. Ironically, the only piece of CL tooling that feels mostly not-weird is called Roswell.

Of course all of this stuff is completely free-as-in-beer and developed almost entirely by volunteers in their spare time. Hard to criticize: they built it, and I didn't. But there is definitely a cumulative oddball feeling to it.
From the above EFF article:

> First, a derivative work still has to be “substantially similar” to the original in order to be infringing. If the original is transformed or abridged or adapted to such an extent that this is no longer true, then it’s not a derivative work. A 10-line summary of a 15,000-line epic isn’t a derivative work, and neither are most summaries of books that people make in order to describe those copyrighted works to others.

The statistics generated about the works entered as input, do not resemble the original works. Nor can those statistics on their own reproduce the original work. At most they are brief mathematical summaries of the work. And it's only after combining those stats with the stats of billions of other works (which is its own creative process to determine the best statistical methodologies to achieve that combination) that anything intelligble can be produced in the output stage.
> Our in-depth investigation preliminarily showed that the acquisition of iRobot would have enabled Amazon to foreclose iRobot’s rivals by restricting or degrading access to the Amazon Stores

Seems like the EC just declared that Amazon is no longer allowed to make any acquisitions of companies that make products. At the very least they left a pretty high bar for Amazon to get over for any future acquisitions.
The classic on the early electrical manufacturers is "The electrical manufacturers 1875-1900".[1] This is the Harvard Business School take on Edison. The business plan for his first power plant is in there. (He way underestimated the payback period, but it was only a few years, so it worked out.) There's also "Men and Volts"[2], a history of the early days of General Electric. Which, I think, is where this article got their info on tungsten.

The big corporate labs were part of far larger manufacturing companies. It's not clear that a standalone lab can function in the same way.

[1] https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.4159/harvard.97806...

[2] https://archive.org/details/menandvoltsstory00hammrich
Child porn.
Pilot errors also have underlying causes. Was the pilot properly trained for the particular situation that arose? How is the safety culture of the airline? Did some aspect of the airplane design make that mistake more likely, or hinder the possibility of recovery? Was the pilot tired or not well and should not be flying in the first place? There’s a thousand questions like that which can and should be asked in a proper investigation. Hopefully, they were.

(I have been binge reading my way through Admiral Cloudberg’s blog on medium lately. Perhaps not to be recommended for you, as reading about a hundred fatal plane crashes may be too emotionally painful.)
iirc many bots use Firefox UA string as their own.
> average predicted likelihood is frequently illogical

What is being pointed out is that is not illogical when you fully understand it.

I will let you bet me that Taylor Swift is not the current president of the United States. For every $1 you bet, I will return $1.05 to you*. You can bet as much as you like and as often as you want - my email address is in my profile.

* 10% transaction fee applies
Or that we've been lumping multiple different types of cognitive decline as a single disease.
I don’t personally use printers too much, but about five years ago I got a laser printer and never looked back. Apart from the low cost to entry, I can’t figure why anyone would want to use inkjet printers. Total cost of ownership is much lower and reliability far exceeds inkjets.
You can use the usage and cost data Dashdive collects to identify cost spikes or ongoing inefficiencies (e.g. this particular feature is using more vCPU than should be necessary). But we won't do any automatic cost cutting for you (some products allow you to buy reserved instances or rightsize from directly within their app).
If it's any help, SICP is the wrong place to start for actually learning Scheme as a practical language. It's for learning about "the structure and interpretation of computer programs", which is not the same thing as "writing useful computer programs".
When my friends would meet up in the 80's-90's, quite a bit of Nintendo happened. Is it really that different? The proportion of video games should eventually drop (not to zero), in favor of (if you're lucky) talking and whatever music bothers you the most.
Datacenter costs are weird. The first big cost is having a datacenter. However once you have the space, power, cooling and that part makes sense, then the actual hardware going into it can have a pretty decent premium and still be highly competitive with AWS. It will also depend heavily on what you are doing and producing, if the answer to that is a large amount of data, and it needs to transit out of AWS, suddenly the cost of a pretty large datacenter is really cheap in comparison. AWS egress fees have a markup that will make your accountants panic. From a hardware standpoint, once you need GPU compute or large amounts of RAM, the prices get pretty dumb as well.
Calif. tech founders are charging thousands of dollars a call, & getting buyers
Again you're beating about the bush and refusing to address direct questions. As I said, you come across as dishonest.
I'm still not sure of what the Janet value proposition is compared to an R7RS Scheme. Not that it shouldn't exist! I just don't quite get the use case either.
Brother laser printers.
The implied probability of Brexit a few days before was around 25%. The implied probability of Trump beating Clinton a few days before was around 20%.

Neither the time value of money nor the cost of trading explain these dislocations.
> They assume it is because of Copilot. They do not demonstrate this.

True.

It does, however, correspond with my observations of devs at my workplace. Those who have been using copilot (and the like) have had fairly obvious drops in the quality of their work.
Lol, a bit scathing but mostly fair from my experience. I haven't used Lisps a lot but I'm a pretty big Emacs user and I've played around with the languages your mentioned and I feel somewhat the same.

I'll just add that the ideas and many libraries around Racket are super cool. There's really a bunch of documentation and tutorials for a lot of things, it's fun.
Personally I was testing with TogetherAI because I don't have the specs for a local 70b. Using quantized versions helps (Ollama's downloads 4-bit by default, you can get down to 2), but it would still require a higher-end Mac. Highly recommend Together, it runs quite quickly and is $0.9/million tokens
Wait, Google wants to be paid for having other people train their AI?
> I don't get why people buy inkjets at all. You can get laser or CISS.

Because not all inkjets are crap. I have an HP Deskjet 4515 Ink Advantage. This thing doesn't dry out, prints out beautiful text and photos. Even though the color inks are not pigment, they do not fade out in 5 years.

The inks are cheap, last a long time, and that thing works with everything from macOS to CUPS to driverless (AirPrint, Driverless CUPS, etc.).

Bottom of the barrel printers are always bad, regardless of technology. What you want is high-end home, or entry level SoHo printers with proper network support, replaceable rollers (in lasers) and good firmware.

These devices are not cheap, and most of them are not sold with razor and blades model. You pay a good money for the hardware, and that thing lives on for more than a decade with top notch reliability.

I'd buy original cartridges to my printers everyday, because a good printer is worthy of the investment, and there's something called ink/toner quality. It's not colored water (or simple black dust) to begin with.

These companies do not have ink/toner labs for no reason.
Tru enough. Of course God 720p can look better than bad 1080p (overcompressed stream). And one's vision and distance from the display.

In my living room I barely notice the difference between fhd/1080p and qhd/4k on a 65" screen at 10' distance.
Question: reCAPTCHA prevents automated browsing but does it allow Google through?
Right, but in order to lose your bag, it has to first pass through the TSA. I doubt a bag would make it all the way Unclaimed Baggage with the locks intact.
You mean like how hospitals were told to stop overworking their residents by the goverment, and told the residents to fake their timecards?

The industry shifted to electronic logbooks and while there was initial resistance, truckers quickly learned they could just pull fuses, or cover GPS antennas...and that police officers would look at paper logbooks but didn't have the equipment or interest to pull electronic logs.

Truckers in the US do whatever they please, and the rest of us pay the price when they crash and kill others or dump toxic crap everywhere.
To try to put it into words:

We don't actually know the mix-rate of what's in the urn. It's possible we just pulled the only red ball and all the others are green... However the fact that our first n=1 sample happened to be red (and not something else) gives a small (and varying) amount of confidence towards red-heavier mixes rather than the red-scarce ones.

We can use that to figure out which mixes are slightly more-likely to be in there (based on our tiny amount of data after assuming they begin equally-likely) and then for each of those determine "if it's mix X, then what are the odds of our next draw", and combine the two layers of probability.

In this case, the bias towards presuming the mix is fundamentally reddish outweighs the presumption of "removing one red makes the greens the majority."
I'd also suggesting reading some of /dev/lawyer's blog posts, though I'm cooking and can't pull up anything in particular ATM.
An experimental investigation on concrete blocks using Ferrock (2023)
Well yes or there would be nothing to block.
Another one is "nosocomial" - (disease) originating in a hospital
Unfortunately I have no first hand experience with bisync mode. Only use rclone for pushing backups to clouds where it shines.