skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
Ask HN: Why is supervised AI used in aerospace, healthcare or military?
Is the usage of AI/ML just a gimmick in aerospace, healthcare, military and other fields where safety and reliability is of paramount importance?

I don't seem to get the hype around *(semi-/self-)supervised* AI/ML being framed as the superior solution to the "classical" way of solving problems (classical = unsupervised, without any data, which boils down to human-designed (not only) optimization algorithms), especially in fields like aerospace, healthcare and military, where there are stringent requirements on security & reliability, and where a single mistake introduced e.g. by a poorly trained (semi-/self-)supervised NN (neural network) could result in injury.

I see NNs as a way of approximating functions, but with (semi-/self-)supervised NNs, how can we ensure that the trained NN is a faithful approximation of the (sometimes intractable) ground-truth function *on the whole input domain* (I guess this can only be checked by brute force)?

I can only see the benefit of using (semi-/self-)supervised NNs in such security-demanding fields as healthcare, when we want to "bootstrap" classical methods, e.g. we could use an NN to suggest a better initial guess for a classical optimization-based algorithm, which could allow the classical method to finish the optimization problem faster. If the NN would output an inaccurate or invalid guess, the algorithm would gracefully degrade. It would still solve the problem, although potentially much slower.

Another benefit of (semi-/self-)supervised NNs I see, is when there are no classical methods for solving a given problem to begin with, like classification of objects in images. But how can we trust (or better say detect) the case when an NN provides an incorrect output, so that we can prevent a disaster during heart surgery, missle interception or rocket landing?

Sure, even the classical methods of solving problems can fail when encountered with input data that the author of the classical algorithm did not think about, but with (semi-/self-)supervised NNs, the risk seems to be greater due to no way of knowing if our training set contains enough examples to cover *all* of the input space (or at least without knowing whether it generalizes over the whole input domain despite a limited dataset).

Are there any successful, *safe* and reliable usages of (semi-/self-)supervised NNs in aerospace, healthcare, and defense industries? How can engineers working in those fields sleep well if they use (semi-/self-)supervised NNs in their codebase? Do they "just" use enormous training datasets and hope for the best (which does not solve the problem, as can be seen with Tesla's autopilot incidents)?

P.S. I do not mean these questions in a bad way, I just want to understand how NNs fit into the worldview/philosophy of the engineers working in those demanding fields, where human life is at stakes.
Exactly, or at least have more tiers of pricing based on the time of day. I visited another state and was pleasantly surprised to see four time windows that shift based on season. In Southern California, there are only 2, and I doubt most customers have even been transitioned to a TOU plan. So dumb.
USCIS is the one that approved it? Surely they know more about the situation than a blog post.
Are you talking about the Netanyahu quote at the end of the article only?

Otherwise there isn't a direct rape claim in there, but a witnessed missed period which they say could be due to rape or the witness also says it could be due to the harsh conditions (malnutrition is a real cause of it in some cases; Washington Post has reported on worries of refeeding syndrome in some of the released hostages so some were severely malnurished). I found an article with longer excerpts of the testimony and the dolls on a string quote was about inappropriate clothing provided and claims of abuse but the testimony excerpts there also didn't directly allege rape. Is the full transcript of the hearing out there somewhere?
So you trade one vendor lockin for another. Nothing lost.
What's the difference between an FLI and an FFI?
class action suits don’t contribute to case law?
It's definitely a lot of work to build these systems (but also fun if you are competitive and like math/cs puzzles). While the margins are thin in stat arb, the absolute profits are not and risk-adjusted (but not time-adjusted) returns quite good.
> We are far from AGI

Do you mind expanding on this? What do you see as the biggest things that make that milestone > 5 years away?

Not trolling, just genuinely curious -- I'm a distributed systems engineer (read: dinosaur) who's been stuck in a dead-end job without much time to learn about all this new AI stuff. From a distance, it really looks like a time of rapid and compounding growth curves.

Relatedly, it also does look -- again, naively and from a distance -- like an "AI is going to eat the world" moment, in the sense that current AI systems seem good enough to apply to a whole host of use cases. It seems like there's money sitting around just waiting to be picked up in all different industries by startups who'll train domain-specific models using current AI technologies.
Scientists design a two-legged robot powered by muscle tissue
Did they assume they would win?
Yeap, I would say the first 72 hours of any fast are the roughest for me. Electrolights and sparking water made the big difference for me. Green tea earlier in the day helped too as caffeine curbs some hunger.

Overall I’ve only been able to do longer fasts when OOO as my cognitive motivation is so low the first few days. Keeping just with tv shows / exercise / nerding out also makes a big difference when OOO and not noticing being hungry cause of work stress and reflexively wanting a snack as motivation to do more work.
I think, in context I could guess the meaning of "Not here to fuck spiders" in Australian English.

But I don't think I could guess the meaning of "0800" in Brazilian Portuguese...

:-)
Libredirect is the tool I typically use to get redirected to one of these sorts of mirror sites. That said, it won't pick a working Nitter instance, you might need to look up a list and find a few that work well.
They don't need to ask at all for those.
Did you read the article?
Literally their first defense was that the user had deleted the account themselves
That's exactly what I'm using it for :)

I have a primary and backup NAS at home, and a separate archive copy updated weekly offsite locally. Then Glacier is my "there was a nuclear bomb and my entire city is completely gone" solution.

And in that case, assuming I had survived, I would be willing to pay most anything to get my data back.
>I'm a volunteer

No need to go beyond this -doesn’t sound like this is the place to commit your time if you think they aren’t functioning at the level you expect. Short of joining their board or donors where you might have some pull, take your volunteer hours elsewhere.
Hamas are active in the West Bank and have significant support and influence. If an election were called (there hasn't been one for more than 18 years) it is overwhelmingly likely that Hamas would win.

Fatah are somewhat less politically extreme than Hamas, but they are scarcely any less corrupt; within the West Bank, the PA is widely viewed as illegitimate.

https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2021/7/29/palestinian-authori...
You aren't the customer they want.
I'm definitely a Rclone fan, it's an invaluable tool if less technical folks give you lots of data in a consumer / business cloud, and you need to somehow put that data onto a server to do further processing.

It's also great for direct cloud-to-cloud transfers if you have lots of data and a crappy home connection. Put clone on a server with good networking, run it under tmux, and your computer doesn't even have be on for the thing to run.
A nice paper also conceptually, although I didn't quite grasp how the knowledge graph is actually used. From the introduction:

"Text games present a grand challenge for AI because they (a) are partially observable; (b) have combinatorially large state spaces consisting of all possible descriptive text strings; (c) have combinatorially large action spaces in the order of billions of possible text commands; (d) require reasoning
about long-horizon causal dependencies; and (e) require
commonsense and narrative trope reasoning."

Thus, probably not yet there viz:

https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=39065318
The two work together well too - I prefer to let Restic back up to a separate local (magnetic) HDD for my repo, and then use rclone to sync the local repo to Backblaze B2. Compared to a direct cloud repo set up in Restic, it gives me much better restore times and lower costs for the common case where your local site is not completely destroyed (e.g. data corruption etc...), while still giving you the safety of a slower and more expensive off-site backup for when you really need it.
Right, and they don't even need to lower their training margins, since training needs a fancy interconnect they can just ship the same chip at different prices based on interconnect (and are already doing so with the 40xx vs H100).
cp queries the preferred block size of the destination file in 'struct stat', and has specific tweaks for certain filesystems. As far as I can tell, dd does not do this as it calls through to 'write' directly.

In any case, the tests in ioblksize.h indicate that bs=4M is far too large and may perform worse than the default for cp/cat (128KiB). There is a script there that should clear things up for more modern systems.

The point about fdatasync is superfluous as you can run 'sync' yourself, or unmount the filesystem.
until there's another pandemic, and your local government decides everyone has to install their tracking app. or any number of situations where users will be pressured by institutions they don’t have any control over.
> Aerosolization of viruses via toilet flushing may be more impactful, compared with aerosolization of bacteria, given differences in response to humidity and in droplet size. Various studies have indicated that viruses retain viability at both low or high relative humidities and, therefore can remain infectious in droplet nuclei and other aerosols, which may stay suspended in the air for hours to days. Also, viruses are likely to aerosolize more easily than bacteria and 94% of virus has been shown to partition into liquid phase rather than solid phase.
"Niche" is the one that bugs me every time I hear someone pronounce it to rhyme with "itch". For some irrational reason that just irritates :)
I have found the exact opposite. NPR, for example, spends a lot of time humanizing Gazans and showing that Israel is terrorizing them, quite literally.

NPR also frequently talked about the right wing/nationalist power seizures leading up to this.

Before the war, I think a good number of Americans saw Israel blowing up the Associated Press offices. It hardly matters what the excuse was.

I feel like every week I've heard a story about Israel telling Gazans where to go, and then bombing that location.

I'm not sure I saw any news outlet that didn't report 70% women and children casualties, which pretty much speaks for itself.

Nobody I went to college with supports Israel at all. Genocide Joe is not just used by his oponents. That name didn't come out of nowhere. Many of the people who voted for him agree his genocidal support of Israel is unacceptable.
Can confirm that this was a side quest, but I believe that the distraction did slow down progression in my real job.
I'm kind of just using words. You can call it whatever you want, I just used words that my friends also used to describe what I wrote. Really, loading custom libraries from C is really easy but I decided to advertise that part of the project anyway.
Weird. How would it? You don’t have to buy anything except from the Apple Store if you don’t want to.
> Charlemagne spoke Frankish, a Germanic language

The only proven linguistic characteristic of Charlemagne is that he wasn't very good with Classical Latin.
> Look at how HP calculators got trashed by TI.

That had almost nothing to do with syntax and almost everything due to lobbying.

HP was not an "approved" calculator for all manner of standardized tests while really shitty TI ones were.

HP calculators were everywhere in my engineering department from 1988 to 1992 (the HP-28S and then the HP-48SX went through them like wildfire).
My understanding is Apple’s notarization is about accountability than policy/approval: I’m okay with having my apps stamped with my legal identity - that’s no different to Microsoft AuthentiCode going right-back to the late-1990s.
Especially if it's a large tank. You've got the square-cube law on your side here.

Better still would be to use a truly huge cavern as a thermal battery for your whole city.
That’s great. And that’s the way it should be.
Excellent stuff! I will update the article to add these items, one I actually thought off during the writing but forgot to include (the first) the rest I didn't think of but certainly should have. Thank you.

Edit: update the article.
Check out the function generators from FeelTech on Amazon or AliExpress, like the FY6900 or FY6800. They’re cheap in a flimsy plastic case, but they’re good enough for many applications.
> but all that power is locked behind a toy OS that you can’t do much with.

You and I may not be able to do our jobs on it, but I know people using it as their primary machine, including people running their entire business off it. (Such as my sister who runs a very successful photography/design Business with only an iPad Pro.)

It’s not for me, but I can accept not everybody requires the same of their machine and software as I do.
Every week I face a new issue with Teams because every week MS will push a silent update which will invariably fix one thing but break another.
It’s their prime minister who has no choice. As soon as war ends, he is out.

Oct events could have been prevented by military presence at the border.
Fair enough - as a user, that prompts me to ask myself, why am I using Hacker News for tech news when most of the content I see daily isn't actually news.

I guess I will just be more aggressive in hiding posts that I didn't want to waste my time reading.
Better take some recordings to play back in case the "Dead Hand" theory is correct.

Could be a movie idea for a post-apocalyptic world where one crazy old nerd living in a trailer has been holding off annihilation and looks for someone to pass the torch to before he dies (reminiscent of Deccan Ribobe in Pratchett's Moving Pictures).
Wonder if any of this affects the Apple Watch.
What isn't clear especially is how they know which of the students in the bathroom was vaping. You could maintain plausible deniability by just only going in between classes for instance.
Status pages are nerd tools. Anyone that says otherwise is living in a bubble. Pretending momentarily that this is not true, you wouldn’t go to a status page if you thought that everything was fine. Not sure what is warranting such a kneejerk defence…

The implication is that the infra required to notify of an outage is lesser/different than what’s required to…run Teams. Publish it on DNS!
I don't know any young philosophers I find interesting. But that's not so surpising, Wittgenstein wasn't known in his lifetime outside of philosophy circles.

Also, the thinkers in the linked piece were obsessed with language, i.e. they had a specific thing to work on. It's hard to think of a modern example of that in philosophy, a fertile area where there's lots to be said. Theory of mind/consciousness, e.g. Chalmers, Parfit, etc, might be an example but I don't think they're on the level of Peter Strawson, Wittgenstein, or Russell. Time will tell.

Some older people are Galen Strawson (Peter's son), Daniel Dennet, Thomas Nagel and Chomsky. Kripke and Derek Parfit died recently. They're all men. Sorry. I swear I don't hate women!
Amon Tobin was also an early adopter of Final Scratch on Linux. His "Recorded Live" album on Ninja Tune's Solid Steel series included liner notes about the challenges of touring with a Linux laptop instead of records in 2003.
The argument is a phone is a critical tool, an issue affecting your phone is much more dangerous because you may need to use your phone in an emergency. That is Apple's argument for why ios and macos are different.
Our new home came with a pre-installed freestanding bathtub in the master bathroom. Fits an adult easily. But I don’t think you can fit one through the door - it would have to be taken apart for sure. It’ll be a big reno project.
Addendum from the linked paper:

> Stalemate=win chess has little effect on the opening and middlegame play, mostly affecting the evaluation of certain
endgames. As such, it does not increase decisiveness of the
game by much, as it seems to almost always be possible to defend without relying on stalemate as a drawing resource. Therefore, this chess variant is not likely to be useful for sidestepping known theory or for making the game substantially more decisive at the high level. The overall effect of the change seems to be minor.

This does not seem to support your suggestion that eliminating check rules and ending the game with the capture of the king, would make all games boring.
Interesting thought. That would be a very good Argument against the dead Hand. I wonder why its not beging jammed also
Because they are not packaged by the distros so they are not guaranteed to have the libraries present that they were linked against? I am just guessing, I haven’t used Steam.
Delrin/acetal has incredible properties and is great material to laser cut. Make sure to ventilate, small amounts of formaldehyde produced.
Your solution is to make Jews a minority in their own country?
The entire reason Israel was created is to have a safe place for Jews to exist and having the power to defend themselves.

Imagining that just “tearing down the walls”, and “why can’t we all just gel along” will work is pretty naive, especially considering history .
I literally picked up rclone for the first time last weekend and have been running with it. Great tool!
S in the acronym IoT stands for security
They already have different SKUs. US iPhones lost the SIM tray a year or two ago while it still exists in Europe.
The entitled line of thinking is that everyone who comes from a country where things are shitty is a "refugee". That's the problem with the way this discussion is framed.
Accept that you don’t always get what you want? Change what your definition of “need” is? Not everything is an engineering problem to be worked.
> I commend you for not just hacking the system

your comment implies that he did something illegal, but that is not true.

> at least to me, doesn't meet the "Extraordinary Ability" intent of this visa.

sorry, who are you?
> And their 2017 charter didn't say they were willing to make peace with Israel

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2017_Hamas_charter (ctrl+f peace)

> No they didn't. Why do you keep claiming that? They ran against Fatah in 2021

Running against Fatah does not mean they can't join the PLO, which is an umbrella organization for establishing the Palestinian State (made up of several rival political factions): https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palestine_Liberation_Organizat...

> Brooklyn

You said Palestinians in the West Bank were objectively "far better", which is completely disregarding their plight against anti-Arab far-right Kahanists (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meir_Kahane originally from Brooklyn) that control those lands.

> so I can only assume you're being rabidly antisemitic here

Rabidly? There we go. https://mondoweiss.net/2023/09/jewish-settlers-stole-my-hous... Nothing about the point being made, just a lot of smear.
Yea ChromeOS is not an OS for people wanting to move to "linux".. basically if all you want to do is like run a browser and do basic things sure.. but if you want a system to learn about linux and do some fun stuff with your system, pick something like Mint.
The "people are just people" argument is rarely (if ever) applied to domestic politics. Democrats and Republicans may often loathe each other, but at least they have enough respect to recognise that their differences in opinion are meaningful and sincerely held.

Many Palestinians are just ordinary people who want to get on with their lives, but some are fanatics. Unfortunately for everyone involved, it is the fanatics who are in charge. Of course, the same could be justifiably argued about the current Israeli government; the crucial difference is that Netanyahu and Smotrich can (and likely will) be removed at the next election.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opinion_polling_for_the_next_I...
Scrapscript author here. I'm a huge fan of PRQL and indeed hope to implement a DSL called "scrounge" later this year. The DSL will be nice to have for codegen and type-safety interop inside of scrapscript, but there's no way it would feel as nice as using PRQL directly.
Can guarantee you’ve never shipped an Android app at any notable scale. You need many more devices to validate Android apps.
The industry has a much bigger issue with benchmarks and Goodhart's Law right now as it is. I'm skeptical benchmarks are the solution here in turn.
> Or a worse experience? I mean android phones and tablets are already something you can buy, people still buy Apple products despite that

It’s a good natural experiment. In the states, it feels like a good issue to drop for a couple of years from a lawmaking perspective. (Investigation and enforcement should continue.)
Yeah agree with similar experience, and yeah, made me pine (no pun) for my Key2 with a physical keyboard, which was generally bulletproof. There's a reason BB dropped out of the phone business, I get that, but I'd pay iphone prices for a new BB Key2 that was de-googled. But I would not pay iphone prices for an iphone.

If the market was still free, the future would be a BB committed to trust reciprocation. But it's too late now. So aside from de-googled provided by some specific vendors, just fuck phones.
Indeed. Very odd choice too. I would imagine providing zero security guarantees or ability to revoke malware would’ve been their first choice.
Bro is not happy with the state of React
> one crazy old nerd living in a trailer has been holding off annihilation and looks for someone to pass the torch to before he dies

LOST?
Most of the time you can just replace twitter.com with nitter.net or nitter.it but when these instances are down or blocked you can use other instances listed here: https://github.com/zedeus/nitter/wiki/Instances

But as the other commenter said Libredirect is the way to go: https://libredirect.github.io/
Related? Directed complexes in the brain have huge redundancy (compared to random graphs) possibly to permit uncorrupted signal transfer https://www.birs.ca/workshops/2017/17w5043/files/Pawel_Dlotk...
That sounds interesting, I think I need to put that on my reading list.

It's hard for people now to think about history outside of the context of the relatively ordered national boarders that exist today. Most of the modern countries of Europe didn't exist in the medievil period, and many are less than a couple of hundred years old. I think it would surprise a lot of people if you told them that "Italy" as a country, is younger than the USA, or that "Spain" was a pretty young country when Columbus sailed the Atlantic.

And as you say, even ones like France, that had a "top king" so to speak, were really loose associations of dukedoms and minor kingdoms.
Yes, of course; i meant why this one took so long.
I understand precedents. How much can it help?

The goal isn't just to win (which the guy did, after all) but not spend years.

Suppose the existence of precedent knocks it down from 6 to 3 years. That's twice better, but still poor. Most people will give up.