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> You’re not your own boss, you’ve got about 30 different bosses

As a freelancer, you get to choose those bosses. Much harder to do at a regular job.

> If you’re not on twitter, it reflects poorly on you. The design community is strongly linked to the start-up and web-dev communities.

Minor nitpick: Our design community is strongly linked to the start-up and web-dev community. But other design communities exist outside of the software world :)

Good information in the article. Shared it with friends who are getting started with freelancing. I'm sure they're in a better position now than me, when I was starting out.
I asked my lawyer about this when setting up my LLC. He told me to get an accountant for the first year, watch what they do, and then you'll be able to do it yourself every year after that.
This is probably the most readable article I've seen on the topic. If the author is reading this: your article is good and you should feel good.

One more fun thing about Bloom filters: generalized, they're not just a way of testing for set membership. They're a way of getting an upper bound on some function of a finite input set. For example, suppose that I have a set of a million names and how tall that person is, and I want a data structure that will give me an upper bound on the height of a person given the name. I know, this is totally contrived, but here's what you could do:

1. Make an array of height values, initially zero. Call it heights.

2. For each name, get several hash values: h1, h2, ... hn.

3. For each hash h, set heights[h] = max(heights[h], height). In other words, you're only pushing the height values upward.

4. To get an upper bound on a person's height, hash their name and look at your heights array. The upper bound is min(heights[h1], heights[h2], ... heights[hn]).

(If you want to be very technical, this works not only for numbers, but for any set that supports max() and min() operations. A Bloom filter for set membership uses such a set with two elements, 0 and 1.)
Wow, that was fast. (9 months?). Congratulations.
While here, let's remember who'll control the dev certificate validity for Gatekeeper on OS X 10.8. Will we end up with cases where people break arbitrary yet-to-be-defined terms and boom, their standalone app no longer works on a default OS X install?
Completely agree. I'm a strong advocate of MongoDB capped collections for this purpose. MongoDB had issues, but capped collections are great for rotating data.
I'm accepting PRs. Currently in the works is a patch to install a keylogger and override your $PROMPT to randomly display bonzi buddy.
Congrats Jason and Byron. Glad that the product will live on - Stypi is great for asking short coding questions during Skype/telephone interviews. Everyone I've interviewed using Stypi has said something positive about it.
Evolution can be increased or decreased easily. Natural selection is a result of death. More death means more natural selection, and less death means less natural selection. We've reduced death tremendously, and hence reduced natural selection.

Sexual selection is quite a different animal, but we can't take as a given that sexual selection increases as natural selection decreases. It might; I just don't know any reason that it would. And there are reasons that even sexual selection would diminish--for various reasons, I don't think anyone today could have nearly as many children as Genghis Khan did.
They should also be funny and have some actual novelty.
I don't know what your site is (perhaps different than I am imagining), but whenever I'm obliged to do this I nearly always give a Mailinator address.
I have a very good friend who has been unable to get insurance since donating one of their kidneys.
Ask HN: Is there a standard for including license, attribution within code?
Browsing through others' code on GitHub, it seems everyone picks their own way to include copyright and attribution information at the top of their files.

Is there a standard for what information to include and in what format?

Furthermore, is it not a better idea to simply include this in the readme and leave it out of the code altogether?
I played around with the OpenTok API (http://www.tokbox.com/opentok/api) and built Chat Envy: http://chatenvy.com
Dropbox...design a slicker phone and a better phone OS than Apple, now is your chance!
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simply because you have a strong skill doesnt mean you should ignore your deficiencies, especially ones as fundamental as social interaction.
I agree with your assertions, and I'd like to bring a bit of rationale to this discussion rather than the "How can Apple be allowed to do this?" and other flamboyant language.

This is on Dropbox to fix, not Apple.

Imagine you provide a marketplace, and you curate that marketplace. And you say to customers who come to that marketplace "Don't worry, we're going to do everything we can to protect you from bad purchases". Then you say to sellers, "No deals behind closed doors. You want access to the marketplace? Sell out in public." Every time you use the iOS in app purchase API, Apple has a way to track the payment. Lets say the customer pays for a service inside of an app that never gets rendered. The customer can then contact Apple who can verify if the payment was processed, and can go about returning the customer's money while policing the marketplace. But if the purchase for a service rendered inside the app happens outside the app, then customers will have a much more difficult time getting recourse for making payments to a service provider (app maker) whose app doesn't work properly or doesn't provide the services that the user payed for.

Having said all that, Dropbox provided this API to developers. They should have built it to work inside these rules. They could let users create Dropbox accounts, they just would not be allowed to charge users from outside of an app for services that would then be rendered inside the app. It sucks, I know, but it's an important part of ensuring the quality of Apple's marketplace.
I recall that had a fairly impressive marketing video on their page previously. This could have cost $50k alone.

I think the main unexpected cost that you can incur is advertising/marketing. You can build the software cheaply, but it's very hard to get the word out without spending money (and it can add up very fast). Considering their fast growth, I would also assume significant spend in this area.

As long as you are getting a positive ROI from this spend, then it's worth throwing as much as you can at it, but obviously you need to have it to throw... that may be one the keys to their success.
I guarantee you that if you do an enterprise technology (or even a "hard tech" startup of any kind, or infrastructure, or most kinds of b2b), your investors will not ask you to go to SXSW.
I would argue that the success of the entire Android ecosystem is because users are unhappy living inside of Apple's clenched fist. It's not like people buy Android because the UX is better. You can't even claim it's because of AT&T anymore.
For example: I currently develop my own musical software instruments. This requires a lot of custom DSP code that has to be fast and portable. My only real choice here is C/C++. C is definitely even more portable than C++ but it's too low level (IMO) for application development.
Etherpad got acquired by Google, Stypi got acquired by Salesforce.
Are you saying Dalvik uses too little memory? Because I disagree from a consumer point of view. If they doubled the memory, Android phones would probably need 2 GB of RAM right now. So how can you say that?
Actually the trend on both mobile platforms seems to be away from stock components to either heavily re-skinned components or completely bespoke components. Games in particular tend to go their own way on this, probably partly because they need to be x-platform.

Games (and often multimedia creation apps) have been rolling their own UI for a long time.
When/why did youtube become such a good music service, vs. the other services? A lot of people seem to be saying this.
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Wouldn't this be better using SVG or canvas?

I'm not sure I like CSS for this type of thing.
but how are the actual products different?...
Apple's really become a shitty company in the past few years. I was rooting for them when OS X was introduced, but now they're no better than Microsoft in the late 90s, and somehow more arrogant than MS ever was. How does something like this not run afoul of antitrust laws?
Java was supposed to be open, too, perhaps much more than C#, and yet here we are today. Given Microsoft's recent patent history against Android and even ChromeOS, if I were Google I'd stay as far away as possible from C#, no matter how "open" they say it is.

Heck, at this point Google probably can't even trust Python anymore, seeing how there are patent and copyright leeches everywhere. Their best bet is to use a language they own, be that Go or another one they made or bought.
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This is on us to fix - we, the consumers. The way to tell Apple that this behavior is unacceptable is to stop giving them money.
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You can use PaX standalone tho.

I'd like to know if they used GrSecurity's RBAC or if they just used the patch and that was that.
Hmm...

Be careful what you wish for. If antitrust laws can be applied even when there is no monopoly, indeed, not even a majority market share, you are basically giving the government a green light to do a WHOLE lot of bad things.
A much more accurate title like

Apple Rejects Some Apps Using (Old) Dropbox API

is only 47 characters.
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Well it doesn't support the Intel Atom ones, but they are going to use ARM soon for all the new ones, and it should work then. If they move fast, it could become quite a nice mini-console platform for set top boxes that you can get for $100, allowing you to play all the native and emulator games from Android on your TV.
Mozilla slams CISPA, says the bill "infringes on our privacy."
> (running newer code in older vms).

That's pretty much how Java works too. In general, you can't take code compiled with a newer version and run it on an older VM. You will get class version mismatch errors.. they update the class version every time there's an incompatible change, such as when 'enum' became a keyword.

The compatibility that Sun, err.. Oracle, strives for is to be able to mix code compiled with old & new versions without issues.
At the same time, any traits that helps you maintain a birth control regimen are now strongly selected against.
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Section 2.15 deals with the conditions under which the Keychain should be considered secure:

- Items are stored with a protection class that makes them only available when the device is unlocked. (see Section 2.14)
- A strong passcode of 6 alphanumeric digits is enforced (reduces the risk of brute-force attacks)

The second point is as relevant as the first. The paper goes on to say:

according to [App10b]: ... The standard simple code of 4 numeric digits would be brute-forced in less than 9 minutes. Based on the assumption that the counter for wrong tries in the iOS can be bypassed, as it is not hardware-based. [BS11b] provides a tool for passcode bruteforce attacks.

Forensic toolkits, like the one from Elcomsoft (http://www.elcomsoft.com/eift.html), are able to recover numeric pass codes and extract data in less than an hour, even on newer devices.

With a weak passcode, which most people use, the keychain does not offer much protection against dedicated attackers with device access.
F# on Android is doable, and on our list of things to do.

iOS is more challenging, since F# depends on some dynamic-ish features of .NET that are not currently supported by MonoTouch on iOS.
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Yeah, the Lion default, if I remember correctly, is signed apps only. Apple is really pushing to become an entity devs and publishers must pay tax to.
I think the comment was more about the developers making more money and selling at the same price.
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Well, don't read too much into it.

Here is the Java source for binary-trees, which is 6x faster than c#.
http://shootout.alioth.debian.org/u64q/program.php?test=bina...
C#:
http://shootout.alioth.debian.org/u64q/program.php?test=bina...

Notice that the Java code multi-threaded, while the C# version is single-threaded. And the Q6600 being used there has 4 cores.
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They're solidly useful for killing apps that don't play nicely with CPU/background services.
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Evolution is not an irreducible law of the universe. It will very likely stop one day for humans e.g. once we achieve immortality[0].

[0] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transhumanism
People don't like to talk about this, but MySpace to Facebook was less about developer APIs and more about urbs to suburbs.
My original claim was that it was fantastical to suggest evolution was arrested, not slowed; however, your point is more nuanced and interesting than mine. With this in mind, I'd refine my original statement.

I find the idea of a stable rate of evolution curious. With respect to your argument, we are in agreement: there is reason to suspect that evolution as a reaper has become more tolerant; on the flip side, I'd argue that genetic diversity is increasing, as a consequence of with an unbridled phase of expansion. In this sea of diversity, the genetic victor exists, to be revealed during some future event of punctuated equilibria.
I don't think he meant chasing dollars as in "make as much money as possible", but as in the fact that many (most?) non-criminal lawyers spend their time starting, defending or trying to prevent disputes that are ultimately just about money.

Not that it's a bad thing, but it's foreseeable that people go into it seeking to advance justice and other noble causes and realize 20 or 30 years down the line that it's really all about protecting your clients' bank accounts. Perhaps there's something to be said about the ambulance chasers being at peace with that.
I fully appreciate and support Apple's efforts to protect the App Store from all potential abuses, but I'm not selling anything outside of the App Store, nor am I directing anyone to purchase something outside of the App Store.

Users who are directed to Dropbox via my app are not asked to purchase anything. They are not made aware that there is anything to purchase. They are only told that "Dropbox is a free service that lets you transfer files". They create an account and it just works, and they never have to think about Dropbox or their Dropbox account again.
In other news, gravity continues to work, but geometry takes a tumble when a regular polygon is discovered that has four and a half sides...
The 30% "apple tax" on their App Store is not a major way that Apple makes money (more on this in paragraph 2). This leads to the conclusion that Apple is not attempting to hobble stores that undercut them: they simply like using their control of the store ecosystem to maintain the quality, simplicity, and consistency of the experience that allows them to provide to their customers, with the nice side effect of giving them massive leverage over their largest competitors and power over many external markets. I'd thereby reverse the order you have.

Checking the numbers, the profit margin on an iPhone is a little over $170, while the profit margin on an app is <<$1; most of the people I know who own an iPhone have purchased at least two of them (an upgrade a couple years later) and have purchased maybe, at most, 10 apps. If you check the Apple quarterly earnings reports Apple doesn't even bother separating App Store sales from iPod accessories: both are a tiny line item in comparison to the profit they make on their actual profit center (core hardware).

However, for content resources, such as books or music, the story is much different: I know people who have purchased many thousands of dollars of music, movies, and television shows from iTunes over the years. This is enough that the iPod and AppleTV can be effectively subsidized by iTunes (something you don't see Apple doing with the iPhone: they make certain to get their profit on that at the point of sale, possibly plus a carrier subsidy).

This is why this issue starts coming to the forefront for services like Rdio and Kindle: those actually hit Apple where it hurts, so Apple would prefer to use their control to hobble their opponents. But, Apple doesn't really want 30% of the revenue from these sales... it would be much better for Apple if they just went away, and people used iTunes instead. (I make this clear, as that is why I then don't feel it accurate to use this as an argument for the 30% being a primary concern.)
> Also, I'd hope they will give a few months warning before flipping the switch completely, similar to how the hoptoad/airbrake switch went.

Funny you should say that, as I was involved in the hotpoad/airbrake transition and am now involved in the Heroku postgres one. The transition will be as smooth as we possibly can, no data will be lost, there will be plenty of time to move your data, and easy ways of doing so.

We are really excited about offering a development and free 9.1 postgres service, a huge step forward from the current 8.3 shared database service, and are looking forward to moving people over to the new instances.
It allows you to do the same thing Skype does. It uses a server (supernode) to make P2P connections (via SDP signaling) between web browsers. I can assure you, it can be used much like Skype is used.
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The video cost us way, way less than that.
I would love to use it but my company would veto this product based on security concerns. At a minimum we would require a VPN connection to the cloud and the ability to limit (or cut off entirely) access to the web interface. You guys could have a huge product if these concerns are addressed, but based on Google's history I do not think they will be.

Also, does anyone know how this performs compared to Hive?
Apple is never consistent about rejecting apps. The reason is what matters here, not the number rejected (as long as it wasn't a fluke, and since it was multiple devs I don't think it was).

They very much are being rejected for using dropbox. You can be more specific and say it's for letting the user log in to dropbox but that's it. Apple is blocking it because if you spend long enough wandering around the site from the login point you might find a place where you might be able to purchase something.

Logging in to dropbox is a core part of using dropbox and to suggest otherwise to call the title into question is very strange.
Why is this posted on hackernews?
That is useful for this discussion globally, but is irrelevant for my comment: with that in mind the performance of Mono vs. anything doesn't matter at all, much less specifically vs. .NET (which is the contention of the user I was responding to).
It's interesting that people say "iMessage does the same thing that BBM does" yet you always hear complaints about how the iMessages are routed. Sometimes to the computer at home, other times to the phone or ipad. If you mean at it's core it's the same in that it allows one person to message another then I guess i can accept it. I think they have a bit to go before it becomes a more consistent experience.
Interior Department Chooses Gmail Over Microsoft Cloud
It took me a while to realize that these search results were omitting the top 1 million sites, not the top 1 million results for a given query.
The new version is hobbled and won't even let you make an account. It is nothing more than a workaround for apple's stupidity.
Don't Let Your Tech Get in the Way
No, natural selection is a result of differences in reproductive success. We've lowered death, but does that somehow ensue that everyone has exactly the same number of surviving grandchildren? 30% of german women never reproduce. Among female graduates, the figure is 40%. From an evolutionary standpoint, they might as well never have lived.
Some observations:

In general, HotSpot is a more advanced VM that Mono is. They support dynamic recompilation at a higher optimization level, which we do not.

This is part of the debate in Google vs Oracle. Google could have used HotSpot had they figured out some agreement, but instead ended up with Dalvik which lacks many of the advanced optimizations of HotSpot.

That said, java -server compared against out of the box Mono 2.10.8 is not an apple's to apple's comparison, it is by no means "regular Java". That is Java tuned with some specific parameters. It comes at the expense of interactive time, Mono's default is fast-JIT, and fast startup.

Java -server uses a fixed heap, this means that you must preallocate how much memory the application will use during its entire lifetime. This is good for performance because the GC knows that it only has to scan for example memory between points A and B. 2 comparisons is all you need during GC to scan. Meanwhile, Mono is uses a dynamic heap, which means that it can grow its memory usage based on demand (no need to fine tune the maximum heap every time your app crashes due to a low setting) and can return the released memory to the OS. This complicates GC, because now we cant just compare against 2 values, we need to consider every object in the scope of a series of differently sized heaps.

With Mono 2.11, you can force your app to go fixed heap; The only people that really have a use for this are HPC people and a handful of server people. To be honest, most people dont want to configure the max heap of their server apps by crashing and trial and error.

The second component is that Mono's default is aimed for desktop/mobile configurations, not server loads. If you want to use server loads, run Mono with the --llvm flag: you will have very slow startup times, but you will get code quality that is essentially the same code quality that you get from an optimizing C compiler nowadays.

As for Mono vs Dalvik memory use, in practice people run Mono with Dalvik (Mono for Android), not in standalone mode, so we end up paying for Dalvik's memory footprint. But I agree, it would be nice to find out how much memory it actually uses.

Considering that we get the benefits of a more advanced GC, value types and generics while Java does not, it just seems like we would use less memory for comparable loads.
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It's a trait particular to humans to announce the end of history every 20 minutes or so. Something in us tends unswervingly towards credulous millennialism, ready for us to all transcend into light or burn to ash.
Well, but as a consumer, you have options, and your number one way to make your voice heard is to switch to a better option. (The number two way is to threaten loudly, I think.)
Ask yourself:

-is it true?

-is it useful?

If the answer is no to either question, just skip it