skysight-inc/HackerNews huggingface dataset:
I agree that hierarchy-based OO can introduce real overheads. Favour composition over inheritance, and all that.

Having said that, I believe the problem is exacerbated because developers tend to worry too much about the structure of data from some arbitrary point of view. Put another way, we don’t tend to focus on how the data will be used in specific contexts, and therefore we don’t actively structure our data to be helpful in those contexts, even if each context is well defined and known to be relevant, unlike whatever “natural” structure we instinctively impose.

In your particular example, my first questions would be about how ISIN data is going to be used: where is the value for each security originally determined, where is it looked up later, what kind of decisions are made based on it, and so on. My next questions would probably be about why securities that are used in that way are being stored and manipulated with securities that aren’t. If there is no need to use both kinds of data at the same time, do the representations of the different types of security need to have related types in the code, or is that just an arbitrary decision we have made because it feels natural and in accordance with our view of the real world? Does a security even need to wrap up all of these properties in a single object, or are we really dealing with two or more distinct ideas that just happen to relate to the same real world activity at some point?

It’s not possible to answer questions like these without context, but so often with OO, we instinctively dive in and start identifying the nouns first, without considering the verbs that go with them.
Easy method: Flip a coin.

Because in the moment that the coin is spinning in the air, you'll suddenly realize which option you really wanted all along.

If you don't, no biggie. Just go with what the coin says.
I've seen some pretty phenomenal flight software written in C. Well-architected, solidly implemented.

I've also seen some pretty horrible flight software written in C.

Naturally, and as with all software, clear requirements, avoidance of "feature creep", and a clear vision of the lead developers is what distinguishes the good from the bad. So these are critical components of "safe" software development, irrespective of whatever "safe" language you're using...

Edit: On second thought, strict adherence to a uniform coding standard is incredibly important too. Even though it's just cosmetic, it holds the developers to a higher standard, and strongly discourages breaking the rules to get things done quickly.
that's not true.

a friend of mine was 22, she tried to buy individual health insurance with a blank medical history and discovered that no insurer offered polices for her gender and age group in her geographic region (VA)

no one would sell her individual insurance.

as a 26 year old male with a similarly blank medical history in a different geographic region (MD), I recently had exactly the same thing happen. no one would quote me a policy because no one wanted to sell me a policy.
韵达
"functional" should never have meant "has first-class functions" to anyone.
How Engineering Colleges Ruin Geeks
> GOTCHA #8: REDIRECTS TO OTHER DOMAINS ARE TREATED AS FAILURES

So are redirects to your own domain, though not quite the same as here. What it means that while downloading the resources specified in your manifest file, encountering a 302 means that the entire applicationCache fails. Downloaded 99 static files fine, and then get a 302? Congratulations, your cache is now invalid.

> GOTCHA #9: AN EXTRA HOOP TO JUMP THROUGH FOR XHR
> You can make XHR requests to cached resources while offline, unfortunately older versions of WebKit finish the request with a statusCode of 0, which popular libraries interpret as a failure.

Not that much older. This is the case for iOS5.1, the last time I checked, and for every Android phone I've tested this on as well.
You can have sex in Britain at 16 (my age!), but you can't be filmed doing it (illegal), see someone that age doing it (illegal), or watch older people doing it at that age (also illegal).

Which always seemed ridiculous to me.
Spry: Obnoxiously Easy iOS Development With RubyMotion
Greatist Wants To Build A Brand Around Non-Sucky Health Content
"What's the best language" is a sure fire way to not get any useful answers(because you'll get all possible answers) from a crowd of programmers, IMO.

What's "best" for what? Does the safety critical system need to be fast and respond to real time events in real time? Or is it safety critical but is allowed to be slow? What kind of hardware is it running on?

Depending on your hardware, the only safety critical language may be assembler, so you can check every single instruction and make sure it's precise.

Having said all that, Apollo 11's code was written in a meta-language, then compiled to assembly instructions, then hand-compiled into computer code. You don't get any more safety critical than taking the first men to the moon.

http://googlecode.blogspot.com.br/2009/07/apollo-11-missions...
That’s probably the case. Teachers certainly seem to find it pleasurable to teach, and I’ve found it immensely rewarding to tutor CS and SE students while in college. It’s useful practice as a writer to have someone constantly challenging you to explain yourself succinctly and clearly.

On the other hand, it’s also great to talk with someone who’s knowledgeable about your interests. That seems to have less to do with pleasing oneself by speaking as an authority, and more to do with sharing and collaboration. My major is not in computing, so it was a breath of fresh air to discover CS professors and graduate students with whom I could speak freely.
Programming has delivered spectacularly on that critical goal, although software engineering did indeed fail, which is why the "software crisis" ended decades ago.

The division you propose already exists.

The "component creators" are called "programmers".

The "component assemblers" are called "users".

That's why you can use, say, Google Docs Forms to slap together a signup form in ten minutes that would have taken you a couple of hours in PHP with MySQL in 2000.
How to enforce password complexity on Linux
"It’s quite different now. For many people in the United States, there’s a pervasive sense of hopelessness, sometimes despair."

It's because we've been pacified through handouts and the welfare state. There's no longer a need to think about working hard and getting out of the unemployment morass we're in. Government will take care of you!

Food stamp spending is at all-time record levels. Millions more people have gone on "disability" since 2007. The number of people in the work force continues to decline. Participation rate in the workforce is at multi-decade lows. The government-created housing bubble has made job mobility much more difficult, and of course both personal and public debt levels have reached saturation.

So, why not get unlimited student loans, get food stamps, get yourself declared to have a disability, and then gorge on all the benefits of being "poor" like a free cellphone, and reduced cost internet.

We've turned into a nation of dependents!
That's nice. The problem is that Internet Explorer doesn't conform to these standards. What do you do in this situation?
Given that we were fleeing our embassy by helicopter in 1973, I find it hard to believe that the VC were quote "broken" in 1968.

If you're living off the land, conducting guerilla warfare, you can't be broken. "Broken" is for standing armies. Guerillas just leave the field of battle and then bomb your patrols when you try to occupy.
The embargoes only run until a week or so before release - ultimately they want them discussed remember, that's just about trying to focus the publicity into a short period before release.

If the studios think they have a real turkey on their hands (and they'll know this before the critics see it - the focus groups will have told them if they didn't know just by watching themselves) they tend to drop all press screenings.

But you're right that word of mouth will often be more significant than a review. Blockbuster type films tend to be completely critic proof - the reviewers can savage them as much as they like and there's little impact - but if a couple of friend's whose opinions you trust tell you a film sucks there's a good chance you'll steer clear.
It has the same basic mechanism as a license: you need to apply to have it and it could be denied. Of course, technically, it could also be revoked too.
Multiple "root to" in Rails routes
from GapList.java:get
// A note about the inlining capabilities of the Java HotSpot Performance Engine
// (http://java.sun.com/developer/technicalArticles/Networking/H...)
// The JVM seems not able to inline the methods called within
// this method, irrespective whether they are "private final" or not.
// Also -XX:+AggressiveOpts seems not to help.
// We therefore do inlining manually.

GapList.get inlines everything, including the rangechecks. ArrayList has two calls to functions.
While I appreciate the amount of thought and effort he's putting in here, I'm not entirely convinced that its needed based on my own experience and childhood.

The first movie I was ever exposed to in the theatres (note, I didn't say 'watched' since I was a whole 8 months old) was Return of the Jedi. During the remainder of the 80's as I grew up, I was well familiar with Star Wars. I had some of the action figures, and the original trilogy was frequently aired in our house. By the age of 5, I could almost recite the scripts.

Nothing was cut. Han shot first. Ponda Baba lost his arm in the Cantina. My father loved horror, scifi and fantasy and wanted to share it with me.

Parents today seem way too concerned with shielding their children from the world. I'm glad in the 80's that my parents didn't. By the time I was 6, I had my own pocket knife, soldering iron (lead solder too!), chemistry set, etc. My parents never censored/monitored my computer use (largely because they knew it wasn't possible). I was online in some capacity (BBS, Compuserv, etc) at a very young age. Never had any problems.

Disclaimer: I am not a parent. I hear things change when you are.
In building this, I had to look this up for each rule. http://CSS3Please.com has the most compact 'reasoning' for each in the form of comments.

To answer your specific question, all browsers that support it do so without prefixes, but not all browser versions. For example, even with auto-updates, a non-negligible percentage of Chrome browsers out there are older.
Why is it a jerk response? He took the time to look at the code and offer suggestions. That hardly seems like a negative thing.
How to 0wn conference proceedings
You have a valid point. Pornography is merely an aid in, er... sexually fantasising. Without it you still have the same problem.
I wonder whether it would be possible to make a lint-like verifier which rejected code whose local complexity exceeded some objective thresholds. I imagine it would be pretty easy to come up with an objective measure of pure control flow complexity, but the complexity of interactions between control and data would be harder to quantify.
Meet PastPages.org, the news homepage archive. (And help keep it alive)
I cre­ated this site be­cause I think it ought to ex­ist. The shift­ing homepages of ma­jor me­dia sites should be saved so they can be stud­ied. Done right, I be­lieve Pas­t­Pages could serve as a re­source for schol­ars seek­ing to study cov­er­age of news events, like the up­com­ing U.S. pres­id­en­tial elec­tion.

Regularly collecting the data costs money. So I've organized a Kickstarter in hopes of raising funds to keep it up. http://www.kickstarter.com/projects/651552740/keep-pastpages-alive
Asking or even forcing the ISP's to give a parental options to block porn would have been sufficient in that case.

Given they have gone a LONG way past that with a proposal of a default ISP block and opt-in requirement, we can safely be sure this has nothing to do with regulating children's access.

Inline with other new legislation, the real reason this legislation is being proposed is that it forces ISP's to pay to upgrade their infrastructure for real-time surveillance. In other words, it is the infrastructure angle that the government wants private companies to pay for. After all, how effectively can you censor if you do not eventually do it in real time.

You can think of it as "the last mile" for the Intelligence Services, a part of the the "Going Dark" problem as technology and information rapidly expands along vectors that were not available to private entities in the past. By fair means or foul, the UK government will get what it needs - either directly from its first direct real-time proposal or via these types of censoring proposals to apply pressure on ISPs.

The "for the children" argument has nothing to do with anything since at most merely forcing the ISPs to give a parental options to block porn would have been sufficient against young children. No block of any kind (ISP or not) would ever work against older children, obviously, since many of them tend to be the most sophisticated technology and even socially-connected users in the household.
A startup's a great place to be if you're "young at heart"
Expert: Millions of Jobs Will "Reshore" Back To U.S.
Well...

List comprehensions have been around in Python since 2000 and generator expressions were introduced in 2.3 (but you could import them from __future__ as early as 2.2) and also build generators without them.

Every future version of Python that tweaks the class system will always be able to claim every previous version didn't have "new classes".

Decorators (we don't call them annotations) have syntactic support since 2.4.

I'm not an expert in Ruby's evolution but it certainly looks like it got a lot of stuff right. I can't find much about its evolution, however. I'd like to see how it changed over time.
I consider this to be a UX failure: visit page, adjust one slider, select something from a pop-up, re-adjust the same slider, and when I hit the Back button nothing happens. Click Back again, nothing happens. Long-click the Back button and see 20 or 25 entries for the site even though I never left the front page or obviously loaded new content.

If they dump the JS that obliterates my browser history that way, then I would agree that it is indeed slick.
I cre­ated this site be­cause I think it ought to ex­ist. The shift­ing homepages of ma­jor me­dia sites should be saved so they can be stud­ied. Done right, I be­lieve Pas­t­Pages could serve as a re­source for schol­ars seek­ing to study cov­er­age of news events, like the up­com­ing U.S. pres­id­en­tial elec­tion.

Collecting this data cost money. So I've set up a Kickstarter drive to raise funds. If you'd like to help keep PastPages alive, please considering giving.

http://www.kickstarter.com/projects/651552740/keep-pastpages...
Apparently most of the readers have missed the point. He says up front that what he's describing doesn't really happen seriously in small pieces of code. The code example is an illustration, one that I thought was very clear.

As for a solution? The only purpose of inheritance or subtyping is polymorphism. You may be doing polymorphism in a very roundabout way (if (isa(X)) { ...get a field from X... }), but it's still polymorphism under the hood. There's actually a very good argument against inheritance for polymorphism: you can't straightforwardly write a statically typed, polymorphic max function. You have to introduce generics to the language. That way lies the Standard Template Library and generic functions a la Common Lisp or Dylan (which is a pretty wonderful world).

Now, in implementation you may want some of the polymorphisms to be due to the same fields being in the same memory offset in all subtypes, which seems different, but why must it be? Why shouldn't it be a declaration about a family of types? I may have to go play with that...though I think it's equivalent to how it's done in Forth. So much seems to be.
Thanks Paulsutter, agreed 100%. A repeatable way without having any of them being able to influence our decision making is the best bet.
If I may play Devil's Advocate. I can understand why Distributors, movie companies, etc go so far in pushing anti piracy. Not necessarily just because of the fact that it hurts profits (although by a minor fraction), but also because it's only logical to do so. If movie companies were to one day come out and say that they are ok with people pirating their movies, who's to say that it won't increase the number of people attempting to pirate the movies since you would not be punished. In this case the act of making pirating taboo and portraying it as anti social behavior helps in minimizing the acceptance that pirating is OK by mass advertising(Although this technique may not effective, but I haven't read enough to get a sense that it doesn't work). Although they take extreme measures, it's that fear of getting caught that helps in maintaining their profits which make their share holders happy.
I meant less salubrious as in more seedy, less wholesome, a usage I've heard before, e.g. 'a less salubrious bar'. The idea was to imply an evil, dirty hack - I was trying to add colour to the post, but perhaps didn't succeed :-)

I do try to endeavour to stick to the simplest possible expression, but sometimes still fall foul to the use of a word which I enjoy but in fact reduces clarity.
FTA:

"Daddy, who is Dark Vader? Is he a bad guy? I heard he has a Light Saver."
I got a BSEE back in 1993, and have since moved into web development, enterprise development, and database administration. Basically, I recommend moving into CS if you plan to develop professionally. Knowing how electronic things work is nice, but I hardly ever use that knowledge.
Inception was hardly a 'risky' movie, plenty of explosions, cool visuals, and a simple but slightly ambiguous plot. Think of the way 'total recall' ends, is this just the vacation he had paid for? If you think about it they are fairly similar movies, and fairly well liked. If anything, I think suggests that a good movie can also have mass appeal.

WALL-E lacks dialog for 1/2 the movie, but because Pixar could test it out ahead of time they knew it was worth making vary early in the process. Pixar's string of hits has a lot to do with constant refinement and feedback. Saying Hollywood needs to put out more Toy Story 3's is not a terrible thing when their done well. There is something to be said for the old script + 6 weeks of frantic shooting + cutting room floor style of movies, but it's a style that showed up when film was expensive and budgets where tight.
My experience in Spain is that drivers won't yield unless the alternative is hitting you! In that regard not much will change with self driving cars.
It depends on the source of your burnout.

Are you feeling oppressed by endless meetings and the sense of being rendered ineffective by mountains of bureaucracy? You will get much more actual work done at a startup.

Are you feeling like you want to spend more time drinking beer at home? Startups are not for you.
Infosec Island Seeks Industry Partners for Security Conferences
[Show HN] Judgmint: Turn guilt into good. Hopefully.
1.99七彩皓月版本传奇
We're all here on this planet for a limited amount of time. One of the principles of life is to "leave a mark" on the planet.

We reproduce and feel awesome about our kids, because that is part of our "mark" on the planet. They'll carry on.

I believe the answer to the question "why do we brag"? Is because it's part of our instincts to let other human beings know of the "marks we've made" to the planet. What have we changed on this Earth? What did we accomplish?

If according to the article bragging is on the same brain energetic level as ingesting food, then obviously bragging is part of our survival instinct. To reach that level, then it's been there for millions of years.

Which can only mean one thing: it's also part of our most basic instincts which are to survive and to reproduce.

Maybe bragging has been a way of reproducing in the past?

Food and money(current day weapon) mean survival, why is bragging on par with those two? It's part of our DNA's assembly language instructions to reproduce and leave a dent on the planet and telling others about it seems to be a way to reinforce that instinct. My 2 cents.

Disclaimer: I have absolutely zero knowledge of whatever it is I'm talking about here.
> All of my machines have only 2GB of RAM.

Out of curiosity, why? You can get 16GB of DDR3 for under $100 these days. The upgrade from 4GB > 16GB and an SSD were huge productivity boosters for me. When you stop worrying about memory management (from a consumer perspective), things are so much snappier.
Tech@NYU has consistently done an excellent job with putting ideas into action. I'm always impressed with the amount of work that comes out of that group. Great job guys, keep it up.
I was actually looking for international/Australian domestic ones. For US domestic, I find Hipmunk is awesome.
Venture Capital: the enemy is us.
Boundaries and stability are unlikely to be found in a startup. Not my area of expertise, but it sounds like a med/large company with a positive work culture and less-toxic politics might serve you well for a few years.

Best of luck!
I am a student who hasnt even landed a summer internship, so take what I am about to say with a grain of salt.

I take "I have the (financial) risk tolerance to work at a startup" to mean you have some savings built up. Why not just take your time job searching? All companies aren't the same. Instead of focusing on looking for a "startup" instead look for any company that fosters the type of environment that you want to work in.
Ask HN: Why does StackOverflow close so many useful topics?
I can't actually log into my SO account at the moment because MyOpenID is giving problems so thought I would ask the question here as I respect the opinion of HN'ers.

Often when searching for information on something technology related I get linked to SO and almost always the information on SO is great. I have also found that a lot of these topics have been closed. For example there is a SO topic on HN front page right now about Language to use for Safety Critical Software. This has been very popular on both HN and SO and yet the topic is already closed on SO.

I find this rather frustrating as it seems that almost any question about "what is best?" or "how would you do this?" is closed, irrespective of how relevant the question is and how good the answers are.

It seems that in their zeal to prevent religious wars the moderators are closing very interesting, relevant and well reasoned topics.

This behaviour does not make a lot of sense to me and is starting to detract, in my opinion, from the usefulness and relevance of Stackoverflow. Just where is one supposed to go to get these types of questions answered from domain experts?
But what about reflective objects? The roadway is covered with different degrees of weirdly-reflective surfaces. Surely those beams land in places where they shouldn't (on the mirrors), and surely the car doesn't stop every time.
It does matter if it's a software project, because any work you're doing on a software project that isn't R&D is wasted time that you should figure out how to automate. That's not the case if you're building a bridge or a house.

Yet. Robots will get a lot better this decade.
Over THERE, also Chrome is the leading browser in Latin America, but how big are those markets?
Could someone who understands CLOS well weigh in on how this problem might be approached from that point of view?
What's the alternative though? The minute you try to treat any group of data in a general way this problem arises. The minute you publish any kind of interface you've essentially signed a contract with all client code.

All the common solutions to this problem (structural typing, COM-style versioned interfaces etc) create problems of their own. I think it's just a genuinely hard problem.
Newton on Mathematics and Spiritual Purity